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Sha X, Du K, Zeng Y, Lai F, Yin J, Zhang H, Song B, Han J, Xiao S, Kivshar Y, Song Q. Chirality tuning and reversing with resonant phase-change metasurfaces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn9017. [PMID: 38787955 PMCID: PMC11122676 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn9017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic control of circular dichroism in photonic structures is critically important for compact spectrometers, stereoscopic displays, and information processing exploiting multiple degrees of freedom. Metasurfaces can help miniaturize chiral devices but only produce static and limited chiral responses. While external stimuli can tune resonances, their modulations are often weak, and reversing continuously the sign of circular dichroism is extremely challenging. Here, we demonstrate the dynamically tunable chiral response of resonant metasurfaces supporting chiral bound states in the continuum combining them with phase-change materials. Phase transition between amorphous and crystalline phases allows for control of chiral response and varies chirality rapidly from -0.947 to +0.958 backward and forward via the chirality continuum. Our demonstrations underpin the rapid development of chiral photonics and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Sha
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kang Du
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Zeng
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Fangxing Lai
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Bo Song
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Jiecai Han
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Xiao
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macan Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Qinghai Song
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, P. R. China
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2
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Kim AS, Goswami A, Taghinejad M, Cai W. Phototransformation of achiral metasurfaces into handedness-selectable transient chiral media. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318713121. [PMID: 38498706 PMCID: PMC10990111 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318713121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chirality is a geometric property describing the lack of mirror symmetry. This unique feature enables photonic spin-selectivity in light-matter interaction, which is of great significance in stereochemistry, drug development, quantum optics, and optical polarization control. The versatile control of optical geometry renders optical metamaterials as an effective platform for engineered chiral properties at prescribed spectral regimes. Unfortunately, geometry-imposed restrictions only allow one circular polarization state of photons to effectively interact with chiral meta-structures. This limitation motivates the idea of discovering alternative techniques for dynamically reconfiguring the chiroptical responses of metamaterials in a fast and facile manner. Here, we demonstrate an approach that enables optical, sub-picosecond conversion of achiral meta-structures to transient chiral media in the visible regime with desired handedness upon the inhomogeneous generation of plasmonic hot electrons. As a proof of concept, we utilize linearly polarized laser pulse to demonstrate near-complete conversion of spin sensitivity in an achiral meta-platform-a functionality yet achieved in a non-mechanical fashion. Owing to the generation, diffusion, and relaxation dynamics of hot electrons, the demonstrated technique for all-optical creation of chirality is inherently fast, opening new avenues for ultrafast spectro-temporal construction of chiral platforms with on-demand spin-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Kim
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332
| | - Anjan Goswami
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332
| | - Mohammad Taghinejad
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Wenshan Cai
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332
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3
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Yamane H, Hoshina M, Yokoshi N, Ishihara H. Mapping electric field components of superchiral field with photo-induced force. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:044115. [PMID: 38284655 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) of materials, difference in absorbance of left- and right-circularly polarized light, is a standard measure of chirality. Detection of the chirality for individual molecules is a frontier in analytical chemistry and optical science. The usage of a superchiral electromagnetic field near metallic structure is one promising way because it boosts the molecular far-field CD signal. However, it is still elusive as to how such a field actually interacts with the molecules. The cause is that the distribution of the electric field vector is unclear in the vicinity of the metal surface. In particular, it is difficult to directly measure the localized field, e.g., using aperture-type scanning near-field optical microscope. Here, we calculate the three-dimensional (3D) electric field vector, including the longitudinal field, and reveal the whole figure of the near-field CD on a two-dimensional (2D) plane just above the metal surface. Moreover, we propose a method to measure the near-field CD of the whole superchiral field by photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM), where the optical force distribution is mapped in a scanning 2D plane. We numerically demonstrate that, although the presence of the metallic probe tip affects the 3D electric field distribution, the PiFM is sufficiently capable to evaluate the superchiral field. Unveiling the whole figure of near-field is significantly beneficial in obtaining rich information of single molecules with multiple orientations and in analyzing the boosted far-field CD signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemasa Yamane
- Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 2-7-1, Ayumino, Izumi-city, Osaka 594-1157, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yokoshi
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hajime Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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4
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Choi YC, Yang S, Murray CB, Kagan CR. Thermally Reconfigurable, 3D Chiral Optical Metamaterials: Building with Colloidal Nanoparticle Assemblies. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22611-22619. [PMID: 37955251 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional, geometric handedness of chiral optical metamaterials allows for the rotation of linearly polarized light and creates a differential interaction with right and left circularly polarized light, known as circular dichroism. These three-dimensional metamaterials enable polarization control of optical and spin excitation and detection, and their stimuli-responsive, dynamic switching widens applications in chiral molecular sensing and imaging and spintronics; however, there are few reconfigurable solid-state implementations. Here, we report all-solid-state, thermally reconfigurable chiroptical metamaterials composed of arrays of three-dimensional nanoparticle/metal bilayer heterostructures fabricated from coassemblies of phase change VO2 and metallic Au colloidal nanoparticles and thin films of Ni. These metamaterials show dynamic switching in the mid-infrared as VO2 is thermally cycled through an insulator-metal phase transition. The spectral range of operation is tailored in breadth by controlling the periodicity of the arrays and thus the hybridization of optical modes and in position through the mixing of VO2 and Au nanoparticles.
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5
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Lee YH, Won Y, Mun J, Lee S, Kim Y, Yeom B, Dou L, Rho J, Oh JH. Hierarchically manufactured chiral plasmonic nanostructures with gigantic chirality for polarized emission and information encryption. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7298. [PMID: 37949853 PMCID: PMC10638435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral metamaterials have received significant attention due to their strong chiroptical interactions with electromagnetic waves of incident light. However, the fabrication of large-area, hierarchically manufactured chiral plasmonic structures with high dissymmetry factors (g-factors) over a wide spectral range remains the key barrier to practical applications. Here we report a facile yet efficient method to fabricate hierarchical chiral nanostructures over a large area (>11.7 × 11.7 cm2) and with high g-factors (up to 0.07 in the visible region) by imparting extrinsic chirality to nanostructured polymer substrates through the simple exertion of mechanical force. We also demonstrate the application of our approach in the polarized emission of quantum dots and information encryption, including chiral quick response codes and anti-counterfeiting. This study thus paves the way for the rational design and fabrication of large-area chiral nanostructures and for their application in quantum communications and security-enhanced optical communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ho Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yousang Won
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Mun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongjun Yeom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Letian Dou
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Su Y, Fan H, Zhang S, Cao T. Tunable parity-time symmetry vortex laser from a phase change material-based microcavity. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:142. [PMID: 37954039 PMCID: PMC10638240 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional light sources cannot emit an electromagnetic (EM) field with an orbital angular momentum (OAM), limiting their applications in modern optics. The recent development of the OAM laser, mainly based on micro- and nanostructures, can satisfy the increasing requirements for on-chip photonics and information capacities. Nevertheless, the photonic structures have fixed parameters that prevent these OAM lasers from being dynamically tuned. Here, we propose tunable vortex lasing from a microring cavity integrated by a phase change material, Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST225). By modulating the complex refractive index to create an exceptional point (EP) to break the degeneracy of whispering gallery modes with opposite orientations, the microlaser working at the EP can impart an artificial angular momentum, thus emitting vortex beams with well-defined OAM. The grating scatter on the edge of the microring can provide efficient vertical radiation. The vortex laser wavelength from the GST225/InGaAsP dual-layered microring cavity can be dynamically tuned by switching the state of GST225 between amorphous and crystalline without changing the microring geometry. We construct an electric-thermal model to show the tuning range of operating wavelengths (EPs) from 1544.5 to 1565.9 nm in ~25 ns. Our study on high-speed tunable PT-symmetry vortex lasers facilitates the next generation of integrated optoelectronic devices for optical computing and communications in both classical and quantum regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Hongji Fan
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Shitong Zhang
- School of Science and Letters, UC Davis, 2100 5th St, Davis, CA 95618 USA
| | - Tun Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
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7
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He Y, Li H, Steiner AM, Fery A, Zhang Y, Ye C. Tunable Chiral Plasmonic Activities Enabled via Stimuli Responsive Micro-Origami. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303595. [PMID: 37489842 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Chiral plasmonic nanomaterials with distinctive circularly polarized light-dependent optical responses over a broad range of frequency have great potential for photonic and biomedical applications. However, it still remains challenging to fabricate 3D plasmonic chiral micro-constructs with readily modulated chiroptical properties over the magnitude of ellipticity, mode frequency, and switchable handedness, especially in the vis-NIR range. In this study, polymeric micro-origami-based 3D plasmonic chiral structures are constructed through self-rolling of gold nanospheres (AuNSs)-decorated polymeric micro-sheets. Spherical AuNSs are assembled as highly ordered linear chains on 2D rectangular micro-sheets by polydimethylsiloxane-wrinkle assisted assembly. Upon rolling the micro-sheets to micro-tubules, the AuNS chains transform into 3D helices. The AuNS-assembled helices induce collective plasmonic modes propagating in a helical manner, leading to a strong chiral response over the vis-NIR range. The circular dichroism (CD) is measured to be as high as hundreds of millidegree, and the position and sign of CD peaks are actively modulated by controlling the orientated angle of AuNS chains, enabled by tuning the collective plasmonic modes. This micro-origami-based strategy incorporates the incompatible 2D assembly technique with 3D chiral structures, opening up an intriguing way toward constructing chiral plasmonic structures and modulating chiroptical effects based on responsive polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng He
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 393 Huaxia Middle Rd. Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Rd., Beijing, 10008, China
| | - Anja Maria Steiner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave., Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, 266 Mingli Rd., Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chunhong Ye
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 393 Huaxia Middle Rd. Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China
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8
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Prabhathan P, Sreekanth KV, Teng J, Ko JH, Yoo YJ, Jeong HH, Lee Y, Zhang S, Cao T, Popescu CC, Mills B, Gu T, Fang Z, Chen R, Tong H, Wang Y, He Q, Lu Y, Liu Z, Yu H, Mandal A, Cui Y, Ansari AS, Bhingardive V, Kang M, Lai CK, Merklein M, Müller MJ, Song YM, Tian Z, Hu J, Losurdo M, Majumdar A, Miao X, Chen X, Gholipour B, Richardson KA, Eggleton BJ, Sharda K, Wuttig M, Singh R. Roadmap for phase change materials in photonics and beyond. iScience 2023; 26:107946. [PMID: 37854690 PMCID: PMC10579438 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential as a platform for achieving diverse functionalities in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from terahertz to visible frequencies. This comprehensive roadmap reviews the material and device aspects of PCMs, and their diverse applications in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum. It discusses various device configurations and optimization techniques, including deep learning-based metasurface design. The integration of PCMs with Photonic Integrated Circuits and advanced electric-driven PCMs are explored. PCMs hold great promise for multifunctional device development, including applications in non-volatile memory, optical data storage, photonics, energy harvesting, biomedical technology, neuromorphic computing, thermal management, and flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patinharekandy Prabhathan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kandammathe Valiyaveedu Sreekanth
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Joo Hwan Ko
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ho Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubin Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shoujun Zhang
- DELL, Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tun Cao
- DELL, School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Cosmin-Constantin Popescu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian Mills
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tian Gu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhuoran Fang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Hao Tong
- Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang He
- Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yitao Lu
- Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Yu
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Avik Mandal
- Nanoscale Optics Lab, ECE Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Yihao Cui
- Nanoscale Optics Lab, ECE Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Abbas Sheikh Ansari
- Nanoscale Optics Lab, ECE Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Viraj Bhingardive
- Nanoscale Optics Lab, ECE Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Myungkoo Kang
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Choon Kong Lai
- Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Moritz Merklein
- Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | - Young Min Song
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Anti-Viral Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- AI Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Tian
- DELL, Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Juejun Hu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maria Losurdo
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia, CNR-ICMATE, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Arka Majumdar
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Xiangshui Miao
- Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Behrad Gholipour
- Nanoscale Optics Lab, ECE Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kathleen A. Richardson
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Eggleton
- Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, New South Wales, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kanudha Sharda
- iScience, Cell Press, 125 London Wall, Barbican, London EC2Y 5AJ, UK
- iScience, Cell Press, RELX India Pvt Ltd., 14th Floor, Building No. 10B, DLF Cyber City, Phase II, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, India
| | - Matthias Wuttig
- Institute of Physics IA, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI 10), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ranjan Singh
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonic Institute, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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9
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Kühner L, Wendisch FJ, Antonov AA, Bürger J, Hüttenhofer L, de S Menezes L, Maier SA, Gorkunov MV, Kivshar Y, Tittl A. Unlocking the out-of-plane dimension for photonic bound states in the continuum to achieve maximum optical chirality. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:250. [PMID: 37828041 PMCID: PMC10570380 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The realization of lossless metasurfaces with true chirality crucially requires the fabrication of three-dimensional structures, constraining experimental feasibility and hampering practical implementations. Even though the three-dimensional assembly of metallic nanostructures has been demonstrated previously, the resulting plasmonic resonances suffer from high intrinsic and radiative losses. The concept of photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs) is instrumental for tailoring radiative losses in diverse geometries, especially when implemented using lossless dielectrics, but applications have so far been limited to planar structures. Here, we introduce a novel nanofabrication approach to unlock the height of individual resonators within all-dielectric metasurfaces as an accessible parameter for the efficient control of resonance features and nanophotonic functionalities. In particular, we realize out-of-plane symmetry breaking in quasi-BIC metasurfaces and leverage this design degree of freedom to demonstrate an optical all-dielectric quasi-BIC metasurface with maximum intrinsic chirality that responds selectively to light of a particular circular polarization depending on the structural handedness. Our experimental results not only open a new paradigm for all-dielectric BICs and chiral nanophotonics, but also promise advances in the realization of efficient generation of optical angular momentum, holographic metasurfaces, and parity-time symmetry-broken optical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Kühner
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstrasse 10, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Fedja J Wendisch
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstrasse 10, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Alexander A Antonov
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119333, Russia
| | - Johannes Bürger
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstrasse 10, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Ludwig Hüttenhofer
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstrasse 10, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Leonardo de S Menezes
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstrasse 10, 80539, München, Germany
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstrasse 10, 80539, München, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Maxim V Gorkunov
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119333, Russia
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstrasse 10, 80539, München, Germany.
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10
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Deng X, Li J, Jin L, Wang Y, Liang K, Yu L. Plexcitonic optical chirality in the chiral plasmonic structure-microcavity-exciton strong coupling system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:32082-32092. [PMID: 37859018 DOI: 10.1364/oe.496182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Chiral plexcitonic systems exhibit a novel chiroptical phenomenon, which can provide a new route to design chiroptical devices. Reported works focused on the two-mode strong coupling between chiral molecules and nanoparticles, while multiple-mode coupling can provide richer modulation. In this paper, we proposed a three-mode coupling system consisting of a chiral Au helices array, a Fabry-Pérot cavity, and monolayer WSe2, which can provide an extra chiral channel, a more widely tunable region, and more tunable methods compared to two-mode coupled systems. The optical response of this hybrid system was investigated based on the finite element method. Mode splitting observed in the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum demonstrated that the chiroptical response successfully shifted from the resonant position of the chiral structure to three plexcitons through strong coupling, which provided a new route for chiral transfer. Furthermore, we used the coupled oscillator model to obtain the energy and Hopfield coefficients of the plexciton branches to explain the chiroptical phenomenon of the hybrid system. Moreover, the tunability of the hybrid system can be achieved by tuning the temperature and period of the helices array. Our work provides a feasible strategy for chiral sensing and modulation devices.
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11
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Lininger A, Palermo G, Guglielmelli A, Nicoletta G, Goel M, Hinczewski M, Strangi G. Chirality in Light-Matter Interaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2107325. [PMID: 35532188 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The scientific effort to control the interaction between light and matter has grown exponentially in the last 2 decades. This growth has been aided by the development of scientific and technological tools enabling the manipulation of light at deeply sub-wavelength scales, unlocking a large variety of novel phenomena spanning traditionally distant research areas. Here, the role of chirality in light-matter interactions is reviewed by providing a broad overview of its properties, materials, and applications. A perspective on future developments is highlighted, including the growing role of machine learning in designing advanced chiroptical materials to enhance and control light-matter interactions across several scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lininger
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Giovanna Palermo
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Alexa Guglielmelli
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicoletta
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Madhav Goel
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Michael Hinczewski
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Giuseppe Strangi
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Physics, NLHT-Lab, University of Calabria and CNR-NANOTEC Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Rende, 87036, Italy
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12
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He K, Tang T, Bi L, Liang X, Li J, Li C, Qin J, Kang T. Polarization-dependent reconfigurable light field manipulation by liquid-immersion metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:13739-13750. [PMID: 37157255 DOI: 10.1364/oe.483593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Traditional grating lenses can accumulate phase for adjusting wavefronts, and plasmonic resonances can be excited in metasurfaces with discrete structures for optical field modulation. Diffractive and plasma optics have been developing in parallel, with easy processing, small size, and dynamic control advantages. Due to theoretical hybridization, structural design can combine advantages and show great potential value. Changing the shape and size of the flat metasurface can easily produce light field reflections, but changes in height are rarely cross-explored. We propose a graded metasurface with a single-structure periodic arrangement, which can mix the effects of plasmonic resonance and grating diffraction. As for solvents of different polarities, strong polarization-dependent beam reflections are produced, enabling versatile beam convergence and deflection. Dielectric/metal nanostructures with selective hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties can be arranged by the structural material specification to selectively settle the location of the solution in a liquid environment. Furthermore, the wetted metasurface is actively triggered to achieve spectral control and initiate polarization-dependent beam steering in the broadband visible light region. Actively reconfigurable polarization-dependent beam steering has potential applications in tunable optical displays, directional emission, beam manipulation and processing, and sensing technologies.
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13
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Zhao Q, Zhang H, Zhou ZK, Wang XH. Enhancing chiroptical responses in the nanoparticle system by manipulating the far-field and near-field couplings. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:9376-9386. [PMID: 37157509 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Employing nanostructure to generate large chiroptical response has been cultivated as an emerging field, for its great potentials in integrated optics, biochemistry detections, etc. However, the lack of intuitive approaches for analytically describing the chiroptical nanoparticles has discouraged researchers from effectively designing advanced chiroptical structures. In this work, we take the twisted nanorod dimer system as a basic example to provide an analytical approach from the perspective of mode coupling, including far-field coupling and near-field coupling of nanoparticles. Using this approach, we can calculate the expression of circular dichroism (CD) in the twisted nanorod dimer system, which can establish the analytical relationship between the chiroptical response and the basic parameters of this system. Our results show that the CD response can be engineered by modulating the structure parameters, and a high CD response of ∼ 0.78 under the guidance of this approach has been achieved.
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14
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Han JH, Lim YC, Kim RM, Lv J, Cho NH, Kim H, Namgung SD, Im SW, Nam KT. Neural-Network-Enabled Design of a Chiral Plasmonic Nanodimer for Target-Specific Chirality Sensing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2306-2317. [PMID: 36648062 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of chiral molecules in various solvents is essential. However, there are still many challenges to enhancing the sensitivity in precisely determining both concentration and chirality. Here, we built an algorithmic methodology to predict and optimally design the chiroptical response of chiral plasmonic sensors for a specific target chiral analyte with the aid of deep learning. Based upon the analytic and intuitive understanding of the Born-Kuhn type plasmonic nanodimer, we designed and trained the neural networks that can successfully predict the chiroptical properties and further inversely design the plasmonic structure to achieve the intended circular dichroism. The developed algorithm could identify the optimum structure exhibiting the maximum sensitivity for the given specific analytes. Surprisingly, we discovered that sensitivity strongly depends on the various conditions of analytes and can be finely tuned with the structural parameters of plasmonic nanodimers. We envision that this study can provide a general platform to develop ultrasensitive chiral plasmonic sensors whose structure and sensitivity have been evolved algorithmically for adoption in specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyun Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae-Chan Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeong Myeong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiawei Lv
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Heon Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeohn Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Daniel Namgung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Im
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
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15
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Hu H, Geng M, Jiang Z, Zhang H, Zhu Z, Guan C, Zhang H, Shi J. Tunable circular polarization responses of twisted black phosphorus metamaterials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:47690-47700. [PMID: 36558691 DOI: 10.1364/oe.478144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most significant 2D materials, black phosphorus (BP) offers a promising way to manipulate the polarization state of light due to its in-plane anisotropy, however, reconfigurable polarization manipulation is still challenging in simple BP structure. Here, we propose a multilayer metamaterial with twisted BP nanostructures and numerically study its circular dichroism (CD) and circular birefringence (CB) responses. The dependences of the circular polarization responses in the twisted BP metamaterial have been fully investigated on geometrical and material parameters. The giant tunability enables the twisted BP nanostructure to be attractive for constructing BP-based metamaterials devices, such as polarizers, biosensors and modulators.
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16
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Li C, Liu J, Li L, Cui Q, Zhang YJ, Wu Y, Han CQ, Yan CC. ITO/Si/ITO semi-cone-shell chiral complexes on silicon nanocones with broadband circular dichroism in the mid-infrared wavelength. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:40925-40935. [PMID: 36299017 DOI: 10.1364/oe.472656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposed ITO/Si/ITO semi-cone-shell chiral complexes on silicon nanocones with broadband CD in the mid-infrared band. The experimental results show that when the deposition angle θ = 45°, the first ITO deposition of ta = 100 nm, the second Si deposition of tb = 200 nm with the azimuth angle unchanged, and the third ITO deposition of tc = 200 nm after rotating the azimuth angle of 60°, the prepared chiral structure has a broadband CD response in the mid-infrared band of 2.5-4 µm. The broadband CD effect is produced by the internal resonance of the three-dimensional open cavity. The cone structure can be regarded as a plurality of planar open resonant rings with different diameters, and these rings resonate at different wavelengths. The experimental results also show that the proposed chiral ITO structure exhibits a better broadband CD response than that of the structure composed of traditional metal Ag. Such a chiral structure provides a new method for the design of CD devices in the mid-infrared band.
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17
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Wang W, Gao S, Wang Y, Li Y, Yue W, Niu H, Yin F, Guo Y, Shen G. Advances in Emerging Photonic Memristive and Memristive-Like Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105577. [PMID: 35945187 PMCID: PMC9534950 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Possessing the merits of high efficiency, low consumption, and versatility, emerging photonic memristive and memristive-like devices exhibit an attractive future in constructing novel neuromorphic computing and miniaturized bionic electronic system. Recently, the potential of various emerging materials and structures for photonic memristive and memristive-like devices has attracted tremendous research efforts, generating various novel theories, mechanisms, and applications. Limited by the ambiguity of the mechanism and the reliability of the material, the development and commercialization of such devices are still rare and in their infancy. Therefore, a detailed and systematic review of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices is needed to further promote its development. In this review, the resistive switching mechanisms of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices are first elaborated. Then, a systematic investigation of the active materials, which induce a pivotal influence in the overall performance of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices, is highlighted and evaluated in various indicators. Finally, the recent advanced applications are summarized and discussed. In a word, it is believed that this review provides an extensive impact on many fields of photonic memristive and memristive-like devices, and lay a foundation for academic research and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Wang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Song Gao
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Wenjing Yue
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Hongsen Niu
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Feifei Yin
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Yunjian Guo
- School of Information Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent ComputingUniversity of JinanJinan250022China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
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18
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Zhang L, Gao K, Lu F, Xu L, Rahmani M, Sun L, Gao F, Zhang W, Mei T. Visible-Band Chiroptical Meta-devices with Phase-Change Adjusted Optical Chirality. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7628-7635. [PMID: 36112094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost large-area chirality meta-devices (CMDs) with adjustable optical chirality are of great interest for polarization-sensitive imaging, stereoscopic display, enantioselectivity analysis, and catalysis. Currently, CMDs with adjusted chiroptical responses in the mid-infrared to terahertz band have been demonstrated by exploiting photocarriers of silicon, pressure, and phase-change of GSTs but are still absent in the visible band, which in turn limits the development of chiral nanophotonic devices. Herein, by employing a phase-change material (Sb2S3), we present a protocol for the fabrication of wafer-scale visible-band enantiomeric CMDs with handedness, spectral, and polarization adjustability. As measured by circular dichroism, the chirality signs of CMDs enantiomers can be adjusted with Sb2S3 from amorphous to crystalline, and the chirality resonance wavelength can also be adjusted. Our results suggest a new type of meta-devices with adjustable chiroptical responses that may potentially enable a wide range of chirality nanophotonic applications including highly sensitive sensing and surface-enhanced nanospectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Kun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Fanfan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Advanced Optics & Photonics Laboratory, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Advanced Optics & Photonics Laboratory, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Lixun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Feng Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wending Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Ting Mei
- Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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19
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Braid G, Ruiz de Galarreta C, Comley A, Bertolotti J, Wright CD. Optical and Thermal Design and Analysis of Phase-Change Metalenses for Active Numerical Aperture Control. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2689. [PMID: 35957120 PMCID: PMC9370239 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The control of a lens's numerical aperture has potential applications in areas such as photography and imaging, displays, sensing, laser processing and even laser-implosion fusion. In such fields, the ability to control lens properties dynamically is of much interest, and active meta-lenses of various kinds are under investigation due to their modulation speed and compactness. However, as of yet, meta-lenses that explicitly offer dynamic control of a lens's numerical aperture have received little attention. Here, we design and simulate active meta-lenses (specifically, focusing meta-mirrors) using chalcogenide phase-change materials to provide such control. We show that, operating at a wavelength of 3000 nm, our devices can change the numerical aperture by up to a factor of 1.85 and operate at optical intensities of the order of 1.2 × 109 Wm-2. Furthermore, we show the scalability of our design towards shorter wavelengths (visible spectrum), where we demonstrate a change in NA by a factor of 1.92.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Braid
- College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | | | | | - Jacopo Bertolotti
- College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
| | - C. David Wright
- College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK
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20
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Zheng C, Simpson RE, Tang K, Ke Y, Nemati A, Zhang Q, Hu G, Lee C, Teng J, Yang JKW, Wu J, Qiu CW. Enabling Active Nanotechnologies by Phase Transition: From Electronics, Photonics to Thermotics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15450-15500. [PMID: 35894820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phase transitions can occur in certain materials such as transition metal oxides (TMOs) and chalcogenides when there is a change in external conditions such as temperature and pressure. Along with phase transitions in these phase change materials (PCMs) come dramatic contrasts in various physical properties, which can be engineered to manipulate electrons, photons, polaritons, and phonons at the nanoscale, offering new opportunities for reconfigurable, active nanodevices. In this review, we particularly discuss phase-transition-enabled active nanotechnologies in nonvolatile electrical memory, tunable metamaterials, and metasurfaces for manipulation of both free-space photons and in-plane polaritons, and multifunctional emissivity control in the infrared (IR) spectrum. The fundamentals of PCMs are first introduced to explain the origins and principles of phase transitions. Thereafter, we discuss multiphysical nanodevices for electronic, photonic, and thermal management, attesting to the broad applications and exciting promises of PCMs. Emerging trends and valuable applications in all-optical neuromorphic devices, thermal data storage, and encryption are outlined in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Robert E Simpson
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Kechao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MOE), School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Ke
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Arash Nemati
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California 94720, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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21
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Ji CY, Li X, Chen S, Liu X, Han Y, Hong X, Liang Q, Liu J, Li J. Recent progress on artificial propeller chirality and related circular dichroism engineering. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Jiang H, Peng K, Cui Y, Zhong J, Zhang H, Jiang Y, Zhao W. Design and simulation of a GST-based metasurface with strong and switchable circular dichroism. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:1907-1910. [PMID: 35363766 DOI: 10.1364/ol.448177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) is required in the applications of biological detection, analytical chemistry, etc. Here, we numerically demonstrated large-range switchable CD by controlling the phase change of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) in a zigzag array. At the amorphous state of GST (a-GST), the strong and dual-waveband CD effects are realized via the selective excitations of electric, magnetic, and toroidal resonances. With the transition from a-GST to crystalline state GST, CD strengths are tailored dynamically in large ranges. In detail, the CD magnitudes change by about 0.93 and the modulation depths exceed 94% at dual wavebands. The strong CD effects and large-range switch capability in the GST-based metasurfaces will boost the development of active chiroptical devices.
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23
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Zhang D, Chen Y, Gong S, Wu W, Cai W, Ren M, Ren X, Zhang S, Guo G, Xu J. All-optical modulation of quantum states by nonlinear metasurface. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:58. [PMID: 35277471 PMCID: PMC8917209 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00744-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces have proven themselves an exotic ability to harness light at nano-scale, being important not only for classical but also for quantum optics. Dynamic manipulation of the quantum states is at the heart of quantum information processing; however, such function has been rarely realized with metasurfaces so far. Here, we report an all-optical dynamic modulation of the photonic quantum states using the nonlinear metasurface. The metasurface consists of a metallic nanostructure combined with a photoisomerizable azo layer. By tuning the plasmonic resonance through optically switching the azo molecules between their binary isomeric states, we have realized dynamic control of transmission efficiencies of orthogonally polarized photons and also the phase delay between them, thereby an entangled state was efficiently controlled. As an illustration, a quantum state distillation has been demonstrated to recover a Bell state from a non-maximally entangled one to that with fidelities higher than 98%. Our work would enrich the functions of the metasurface in the quantum world, from static to dynamic modulation, making the quantum metasurface going practical.
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Grants
- Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (2020B0301030009); National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0305100, 2017YFA0303800, 2019YFA0705000); National Natural Science Foundation of China (92050114, 12174202, 11774333, 91750204, 62061160487, 12004373, 61775106, 11904182, 12074200, 11774185); Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies (AHY130300); The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB24030601); 111 Project (B07013); PCSIRT (IRT0149); Open Research Program of Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (010-63201003, 010-63201008, 010-63201009, 010-63211001); Tianjin Youth Talent Support Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shengchao Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengxin Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Xifeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guangcan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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Yang J, Gurung S, Bej S, Ni P, Howard Lee HW. Active optical metasurfaces: comprehensive review on physics, mechanisms, and prospective applications. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:036101. [PMID: 35244609 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac2aaf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical metasurfaces with subwavelength thickness hold considerable promise for future advances in fundamental optics and novel optical applications due to their unprecedented ability to control the phase, amplitude, and polarization of transmitted, reflected, and diffracted light. Introducing active functionalities to optical metasurfaces is an essential step to the development of next-generation flat optical components and devices. During the last few years, many attempts have been made to develop tunable optical metasurfaces with dynamic control of optical properties (e.g., amplitude, phase, polarization, spatial/spectral/temporal responses) and early-stage device functions (e.g., beam steering, tunable focusing, tunable color filters/absorber, dynamic hologram, etc) based on a variety of novel active materials and tunable mechanisms. These recently-developed active metasurfaces show significant promise for practical applications, but significant challenges still remain. In this review, a comprehensive overview of recently-reported tunable metasurfaces is provided which focuses on the ten major tunable metasurface mechanisms. For each type of mechanism, the performance metrics on the reported tunable metasurface are outlined, and the capabilities/limitations of each mechanism and its potential for various photonic applications are compared and summarized. This review concludes with discussion of several prospective applications, emerging technologies, and research directions based on the use of tunable optical metasurfaces. We anticipate significant new advances when the tunable mechanisms are further developed in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Yang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, United States of America
| | - Sudip Gurung
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, United States of America
| | - Subhajit Bej
- Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, United States of America
| | - Peinan Ni
- Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, United States of America
| | - Ho Wai Howard Lee
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, United States of America
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25
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Cao T, Wang Z, Mao L. Reconfigurable label-free shape-sieving of submicron particles in paired chalcogenide waveguides. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2465-2474. [PMID: 35103269 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05798g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Up-to-date particle sieving schemes face formidable challenges for sieving label-free submicron molecules with similar sizes and dielectric constants but diverse shapes. Herein, optical sorting of polystyrene particles with various shapes is illustrated in optofluidic nanophotonic paired waveguide (ONPW) composed of chalcogenide semiconductor Sb2Se3. The Sb2Se3-ONPW creates the coupling length (CL) between the neighboring hot spots that can be actively modulated via the transition of Sb2Se3 between amorphous (AM) and crystalline (CR) phases. Submicron particles interfere with the coupled hotspots, which can exert various optical torques on the particles according to their profiles. In the model system, spherical (diameter of 0.5 μm) and rod-shaped (diameter of 0.5 μm, length of 1.5 μm) polystyrene particles were employed to mimic two types of bacteria, namely, Staphylococcus aureus and rod-shaped Escherichia coli, respectively. For the AM state, the CL value is ∼7.0 μm, enabling the structure to trap the sphere stably in the hot spots. For the CR state, the CL value becomes ∼25 μm, leading to stable trapping of the rod-shaped particle. In this work, the working wavelength was fixed at 1.55 μm at which both AM- and CR-Sb2Se3 are transparent. Our scheme may offer a paradigm shift in shape-selective sieving of biomolecules and fulfill the requirements of the new-generation lab-on-chip techniques, where the integrated manipulation system must be much more multifunctional and flexible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Zhongming Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Libang Mao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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26
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Huang Y, Xiao T, Xie Z, Zheng J, Su Y, Chen W, Liu K, Tang M, Zhu J, Li L. Single-layered phase-change metasurfaces achieving efficient wavefront manipulation and reversible chiral transmission. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:1337-1350. [PMID: 35209296 DOI: 10.1364/oe.447545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient control of the phase and polarization of light is of significant importance in modern optics and photonics. However, traditional methods are often accompanied with cascaded and bulky designs that cannot fulfill the ongoing demand for further integrations. Here, a single-layered metasurface composed of nonvolatile phase-change material Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 (GSST) is proposed with tunable spin-orbit interactions in subwavelength scale. According to the spin-dependent destructive or constructive interference, asymmetric transmission for circularly polarized incidence (extinction ratio > 8:1) can be achieved when GSST is in an amorphous state. Moreover, when GSST changes to crystalline state, reversed chiral transmission (extinction ratio > 12:1) can be observed due to the existence of intrinsic chirality. In addition, as the average cross-polarized transmitted amplitude is larger than 85%, arbitrary wavefront manipulations can be achieved in both states simultaneously based on the theory of Pancharatnam-Berry phase. As a proof of concept, several functional metasurface devices are designed and characterized to further demonstrate the validation of our design methodology. It is believed that these multifunctional devices with ultrahigh compactness are promising for various applications including chiroptical spectroscopy, EM communication, chiral imaging, and information encryption.
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27
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Rodríguez-Álvarez J, García-Martín A, Fraile Rodríguez A, Batlle X, Labarta A. Tunable circular dichroism through absorption in coupled optical modes of twisted triskelia nanostructures. Sci Rep 2022; 12:26. [PMID: 34996969 PMCID: PMC8742006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a system consisting of two stacked chiral plasmonic nanoelements, so-called triskelia, that exhibits a high degree of circular dichroism. The optical modes arising from the interactions between the two elements are the main responsible for the dichroic signal. Their excitation in the absorption cross section is favored when the circular polarization of the light is opposite to the helicity of the system, so that an intense near-field distribution with 3D character is excited between the two triskelia, which in turn causes the dichroic response. Therefore, the stacking, in itself, provides a simple way to tune both the value of the circular dichroism, up to 60%, and its spectral distribution in the visible and near infrared range. We show how these interaction-driven modes can be controlled by finely tuning the distance and the relative twist angle between the triskelia, yielding maximum values of the dichroism at 20° and 100° for left- and right-handed circularly polarized light, respectively. Despite the three-fold symmetry of the elements, these two situations are not completely equivalent since the interplay between the handedness of the stack and the chirality of each single element breaks the symmetry between clockwise and anticlockwise rotation angles around 0°. This reveals the occurrence of clear helicity-dependent resonances. The proposed structure can be thus finely tuned to tailor the dichroic signal for applications at will, such as highly efficient helicity-sensitive surface spectroscopies or single-photon polarization detectors, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rodríguez-Álvarez
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Martín
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC, CEI UAM + CSIC, Isaac Newton 8, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantxa Fraile Rodríguez
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Batlle
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amílcar Labarta
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Ma Y, Liu B, Huang Z, Li J, Han Z, Wu D, Zhou J, Ma Y, Wu Q, Maeda H. High-directionality spin-selective routing of photons in plasmonic nanocircuits. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:428-432. [PMID: 34897351 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05733b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient on-chip manipulation of photon spin is of crucial importance in developing future integrated nanophotonics as is electron spin in spintronics. The unidirectionality induced by the interaction between spin and orbital angular momenta suffers low efficiency in classical macroscopic optics, while it can be highly enhanced on subwavelength scales with suitable architectures. Here we propose and demonstrate a spin-sorting achiral split-ring coupler to unidirectionally excite dielectric-loaded plasmonic modes in two independent waveguides. We found experimentally that the impinging light with different spin can be selectively directed into one of two branching plasmonic waveguides with a directionality contrast up to 15.1 dB. A circular-helicity-independent compact beam splitter is also realized demonstrating great potential in designing complex interconnect nanocircuits. The illustrated approach is believed to open new avenues for developing advanced optical functionalities with a flexible degree of freedom in manipulation of on-chip chirality within chiral optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqiao Ma
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Zhiqin Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Zhanghua Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Photonics, Faculty of Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3J 2X4, Canada
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of physics and electrical engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle, NE18ST UK
| | - Hiroshi Maeda
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
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Fang C, Chai Q, Chen Y, Xing Y, Zhou Z. The chiral coating on an achiral nanostructure by the secondary effect in focused ion beam induced deposition. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:135301. [PMID: 34905738 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical metamaterials are widely used in electromagnetic wave modulation due to their sub-wavelength feature sizes. In this paper, a method to plate an achiral nanopillar array with chiral coating by the secondary effect in focused ion beam induced deposition is proposed. Guided by the pattern defined in a bitmap with variable residence time, the beam scan strategy suppresses the interaction between adjacent nanostructures. A uniform chiral coating is formed on the target nanostructure without affecting the adjacent nanostructure, under carefully selected beam parameters and the rotation angle of the sample stage. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy results show that the chiral film has high purity metal, which enables the generation of localized surface plasmon resonances and causes the circular dichroism (CD) under circularly polarized light illumination. Finally, the tailorable CD spectrum of the coated array is verified by the finite difference time domain method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Chai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaifa Zhou
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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30
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Liu J, Yang L, Qin P, Zhang S, Yung KKL, Huang Z. Recent Advances in Inorganic Chiral Nanomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005506. [PMID: 33594700 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles offer a multifunctional platform for biomedical applications in drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging, disease diagnosis, screening, and therapies. Homochirality prevalently exists in biological systems composed of asymmetric biochemical activities and processes, so biomedical applications essentially favor the usage of inorganic chiral nanomaterials, which have been widely studied in the past two decades. Here, the latest investigations are summarized including the characterization of 3D stereochirality, the bionic fabrication of hierarchical chirality, extension of the compositional space to poly-elements, studying optical activities with the (sub-)single-particle resolution, and the experimental demonstration in biomedical applications. These advanced studies pave the way toward fully understanding the two important chiral effects (i.e., the chiroptical and enantioselective effects), and prospectively promote the flexible design and fabrication of inorganic chiral nanoparticles with engineerable functionalities to solve diverse practical problems closely associated with environment and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Ping Qin
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, HKBU, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, HKBU, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biology, HKBU, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ken Kin Lam Yung
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, HKBU, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biology, HKBU, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, HKBU, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, HKBU, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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31
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Zamani N, Hatef A, Nadgaran H. Temporal Analysis of Photo‐Thermally Induced Reconfigurability in a 1D Gold Grating Filled with a Phase Change Material. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naser Zamani
- Department of Physics Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
| | - Ali Hatef
- Nipissing Computational Physics Laboratory (NCPL), Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Nipissing University North Bay Ontario P1B8L7 Canada
| | - Hamid Nadgaran
- Department of Physics Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
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32
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Yang J, Zhang J. Switchable polarization manipulation at the telecom wavelength based on L-shaped hybrid Au-VO 2 nanoholes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:35532-35543. [PMID: 34808984 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We propose to achieve switchable polarization manipulation at the telecom wavelength at nanoscale based on L-shaped plasmonic nanoholes in an Au-VO2 film. The L-shaped nanohole acts as a quarter-wave plate or a half-wave plate owing to the phase differences between different plasmon resonant modes, which is controlled by the insulator or metallic phases of VO2. In addition, by changing the structure and removing the bottom Au layer, a switchable full-/quarter-wave plate can be achieved when VO2 transits from the insulating state to the metallic state. Furthermore, we vary the geometrical parameters of the L-shaped hole to tune its resonant spectra and achieve a switchable full-wave plate/polarizer. The multifunctional switchable polarization manipulation abilities together with large bandwidths enable the proposed structures promising applications in nanophotonics and integrated optics.
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Abstract
Active control of strong chiroptical responses in metasurfaces can offer new opportunities for optical polarization engineering. Plasmonic active chiral metasurfaces have been investigated before, but their tunable chiroptical responses is limited due to inherent loss of plasmonic resonances, thus stimulating research in low loss active dielectric chiral metasurfaces. Among diverse tuning methods, electrically tunable dielectric chiral metasurfaces are promising thanks to their potential for on-chip integration. Here, we experimentally demonstrate nano-electromechanically tunable dielectric chiral metasurfaces with reflective circular dichroism (CD). We show a difference between absolute reflection under circulary polarized incident light with orthogonal polarization of over 0.85 in simulation and over 0.45 experimentally. The devices enable continuous control of CD by induced electrostatic forces from 0.45 to 0.01 with an electrical bias of 3V. This work highlights the potential of nano-electromechanically tunable metasurfaces for scalable optical polarization modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyounghan Kwon
- T. J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics and Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Andrei Faraon
- T. J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics and Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Wan C, Dai C, Zhang J, Wan S, Li Z, Zheng G, Zhang X, Li Z. 3D Meta-Prisms for Versatile Beam Steering by Hybridizing Plasmonic and Diffractive Effect in the Broadband Visible Regime. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100561. [PMID: 34288428 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As two independent optical sub-fields, diffraction optics and plasmonics both have been used for wavefront shaping and beam steering. However, the two separate concepts have always been developing as two parallel directions, which have not met for studying their structural hybridization to discover new potentials. For instance of the flat metasurfaces, even though the geometric parameters including shape, size, and periodicity have been studied, it remains mostly unexplored for the 3D spatial height variation. Here, a new type of all-metallic 3D meta-prism is proposed and experimentally demonstrated by hybridizing the localized surface plasmonic resonances (LSPR) and the blazed grating diffraction, which enables strong polarization-dependent behaviors to steer broadband visible light to drastically inverse directions. The nanofabrication of 3D meta-prism is achieved by nanostencil lithography with electron-beam evaporation. Such meta-prism could also enable to split different visible light (green, blue, and red) with high-efficiency contrast (≈10). By the mirror-symmetry arrangement, a multifunctional surface is demonstrated with polarization-/wavelength-multiplexing wavefront-shaping functions (concave, convex, or flat mirror). This unique 3D meta-prism enjoys great simplicity and versatility in broadband beam steering through the incorporation of plasmonic and diffractive effects and can be utilized in various applications including dichroic-prism splitters, multifunctional meta-mirrors, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Wan
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chenjie Dai
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Shuai Wan
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zile Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Guoxing Zheng
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhongyang Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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35
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Probst PT, Mayer M, Gupta V, Steiner AM, Zhou Z, Auernhammer GK, König TAF, Fery A. Mechano-tunable chiral metasurfaces via colloidal assembly. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1024-1028. [PMID: 33927391 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic control of circular polarization in chiral metasurfaces is being used in many photonic applications. However, simple fabrication routes to create chiral materials with considerable and fully tunable chiroptical responses at visible and near-infrared wavelengths are scarce. Here, we describe a scalable bottom-up approach to construct cross-stacked nanoparticle chain arrays that have a circular dichroism of up to 11°. Due to their layered design, the strong superchiral fields of the inter-layer region are accessible to chiral analytes, resulting in a tenfold enhanced sensitivity in a chiral sensing proof-of-concept experiment. In situ restacking and local mechanical compression enables full control over the entire set of circular dichroism characteristics, namely sign, magnitude and spectral position. Strain-induced reconfiguration opens up an intriguing route towards actively controlled pixel arrays using local deformation, which fosters continuous polarization engineering and multi-channel detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T Probst
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Mayer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vaibhav Gupta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Maria Steiner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
| | - Günter K Auernhammer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics at Interfaces, Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias A F König
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Yang F, Ye S, Dong W, Zheng D, Xia Y, Yi C, Tao J, Sun C, Zhang L, Wang L, Chen Q, Wang Y, Nie Z. Laser-Scanning-Guided Assembly of Quasi-3D Patterned Arrays of Plasmonic Dimers for Information Encryption. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100325. [PMID: 33969563 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The application of plasmonic dimeric nanostructures in color displays, data storage, and especially metamaterials necessitates the patterning of dimers into ordered arrays, but controllable assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles into patterned dimer arrays on substrates still remains a challenge. Here, a facile laser-scanning-based strategy to fabricate quasi-3D patterned arrays of plasmonic nanoparticle dimers with controlled orientation for plasmonic information encryption is reported. Laser scanning of polymer-covered plasmonic nanoparticle (e.g., gold) arrays selectively exposes the surface of irradiated nanoparticle via localized photothermal heating, guiding the assembly of another type of nanoparticles onto the exposure nanoparticle surface to form dimers on substrates. This combined top-down/bottom-up approach is highly flexible in forming high-resolution patterns of plasmonic dimers from nanoparticles of different sizes and shapes. The z-axis orientation, interparticle spacing, and nanoparticle size and shape of plasmonic dimers can be precisely tuned, enabling the modulation of the coupled resonances of the dimer arrays. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the patterned dimer arrays can be used in information encryption where their plasmonic color can be repeatedly displayed and erased. This work provides an important addition to tools for the fabrication of patterned complex plasmonic nanostructures from as-synthesized nanoparticles with broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shunsheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wenhao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Di Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yifan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chenglin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jing Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - QianYun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yazi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhihong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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Ding C, Rui G, Gu B, Zhan Q, Cui Y. Phase-change metasurface with tunable and switchable circular dichroism. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:2525-2528. [PMID: 33988626 DOI: 10.1364/ol.423748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces with tunable/switchable circular dichroism (CD) response have great potential to serve as important elements for plenty of advanced applications. In this work, we proposed a novel metasurface absorber integrated with periodic ${{\rm Ge}_2}{{\rm Sb}_2}{{\rm Te}_5}$ (GST) resonators and numerically demonstrated its capability in reconfiguration of the CD effect. Due to the strong chiral plasmonic resonance, a strong CD of about 0.75 can be achieved in a prescribed spectrum. Additionally, the phase transition of GST resonators enables the quasi-linearly modification of CD strength in a broad range (from 0.03 to 0.75). Furthermore, reversible chirality of the metasurface absorber can be realized by controlling the states of the left- and right-hand GST resonators separately, enabling the CD signal to be readily switched between on-, off-, and reverse-state.
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Abstract
Metamaterials are the major type of artificially engineered materials which exhibit naturally unobtainable properties according to how their microarchitectures are engineered. Owing to their unique and controllable effective properties, including electric permittivity and magnetic permeability, the metamaterials play a vital role in the development of meta-devices. Therefore, the recent research has mainly focused on shifting towards achieving tunable, switchable, nonlinear, and sensing functionalities. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in terahertz, microwave electromagnetic, and photonic metamaterials, and their applications. The review also encompasses the role of metamaterials in the advancement of microwave sensors, photonic devices, antennas, energy harvesting, and superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs).
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Liu J, Shadpour S, Prévôt ME, Chirgwin M, Nemati A, Hegmann E, Lemieux RP, Hegmann T. Molecular Conformation of Bent-Core Molecules Affected by Chiral Side Chains Dictates Polymorphism and Chirality in Organic Nano- and Microfilaments. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7249-7270. [PMID: 33734664 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The coupling between molecular conformation and chirality is a cornerstone in the construction of supramolecular helical structures of small molecules across various length scales. Inspired by biological systems, conformational preselection and control in artificial helical molecules, polymers, and aggregates has guided various applications in optics, photonics, and chiral sorting among others, which are frequently based on an inherent chirality amplification through processes such as templating and self-assembly. The so-called B4 nano- or microfilament phase formed by some bent-shaped molecules is an exemplary case for such chirality amplification across length scales, best illustrated by the formation of distinct nano- or microscopic chiral morphologies controlled by molecular conformation. Introduction of one or more chiral centers in the aliphatic side chains led to the discovery of homochiral helical nanofilament, helical microfilament, and heliconical-layered nanocylinder morphologies. Herein, we demonstrate how a priori calculations of the molecular conformation affected by chiral side chains are used to design bent-shaped molecules that self-assemble into chiral nano- and microfilament as well as nanocylinder conglomerates despite the homochiral nature of the molecules. Furthermore, relocation of the chiral center leads to formation of helical as well as flat nanoribbons. Self-consistent data sets from polarized optical as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thin-film and solution circular dichroism spectropolarimetry, and synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction experiments support the progressive and predictable change in morphology controlled by structural changes in the chiral side chains. The formation of these morphologies is discussed in light of the diminishing effects of molecular chirality as the chain length increases or as the chiral center is moved away from the core-chain juncture. The type of phase (B1-columnar or B4) and morphology of the nano- or microfilaments generated can further be controlled by sample treatment conditions such as by the cooling rate from the isotropic melt or by the presence of an organic solvent in the ensuing colloidal dispersions. We show that these nanoscale morphologies can then organize into a wealth of two- and three-dimensional shapes and structures ranging from flower blossoms to fiber mats formed by intersecting flat nanoribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
| | - Sasan Shadpour
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
| | - Marianne E Prévôt
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
| | - Michael Chirgwin
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
| | - Ahlam Nemati
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
| | - Elda Hegmann
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, United States
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, United States
| | - Robert P Lemieux
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Torsten Hegmann
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent (Ohio) 44242-0001, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, United States
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, United States
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40
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Behera JK, Liu K, Lian M, Cao T. A reconfigurable hyperbolic metamaterial perfect absorber. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:1758-1766. [PMID: 36132556 PMCID: PMC9417818 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00787k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterial (MM) perfect absorbers are realised over various spectra from visible to microwave. Recently, different approaches have been explored to integrate tunability into MM absorbers. Particularly, tuning has been illustrated through electrical-, thermal-, and photo-induced changes to the permittivity of the active medium within MM absorbers. However, the intricate design, expensive nanofabrication process, and the volatile nature of the active medium limit the widespread applications of MM absorbers. Metal-dielectric stack layered hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) have recently attracted much attention due to their extraordinary optical properties and rather simple design. Herein, we experimentally realised a reconfigurable HMM perfect absorber based on alternating gold (Au) and Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST225) layers for the near-infrared (N-IR) region. It shows that a red-shift of 500 nm of the absorptance peak can be obtained by changing the GST225 state from amorphous to crystalline. The nearly perfect absorptance is omnidirectional and polarisation-independent. Additionally, the absorptance peak can be reversibly switched in just five nanoseconds by re-amorphising the GST225, enabling a dynamically reconfigurable HMM absorber. Experimental data are validated numerically using the finite-difference time-domain method. The absorber fabricated using our strategy has advantages of being reconfigurable, uncomplicated, and lithography-free over conventional MM absorbers, which may open up a new path for applications in energy harvesting, photodetectors, biochemical sensing, and thermal camouflage techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra K Behera
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Kuan Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Meng Lian
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Tun Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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41
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Luo X, Hu F, Li G. Dynamically reversible and strong circular dichroism based on Babinet-invertible chiral metasurfaces. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:1309-1312. [PMID: 33720174 DOI: 10.1364/ol.421016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose a Babinet-invertible chiral metasurface for achieving dynamically reversible and strong circular dichroism (CD). The proposed metasurface is composed of a VO2-metal hybrid structure, and when VO2 transits between the dielectric state and the metallic state, the metasurface unit cell switches between complementary structures that are designed according to Babinet's principle. This leads to a large and reversible CD tuning range between ±0.5 at 0.97 THz, which is larger than the one found in the literature. We attribute the CD effect to extrinsic chirality of the proposed metasurface. We envision that the Babinet-invertible chiral metasurface proposed here will advance the engineering of active and tunable chiro-optical devices and promote their applications.
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42
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Fan Z, Deng Q, Ma X, Zhou S. Phase Change Metasurfaces by Continuous or Quasi-Continuous Atoms for Active Optoelectronic Integration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1272. [PMID: 33800108 PMCID: PMC7962191 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, metasurfaces have emerged as an exotic and appealing group of nanophotonic devices for versatile wave regulation with deep subwavelength thickness facilitating compact integration. However, the ability to dynamically control the wave-matter interaction with external stimulus is highly desirable especially in such scenarios as integrated photonics and optoelectronics, since their performance in amplitude and phase control settle down once manufactured. Currently, available routes to construct active photonic devices include micro-electromechanical system (MEMS), semiconductors, liquid crystal, and phase change materials (PCMs)-integrated hybrid devices, etc. For the sake of compact integration and good compatibility with the mainstream complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process for nanofabrication and device integration, the PCMs-based scheme stands out as a viable and promising candidate. Therefore, this review focuses on recent progresses on phase change metasurfaces with dynamic wave control (amplitude and phase or wavefront), and especially outlines those with continuous or quasi-continuous atoms in favor of optoelectronic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Fan
- Chengdu Research Institute, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, No. 519 Tashi Road, Dazhou 635000, China; (Z.F.); (X.M.)
| | - Qinling Deng
- School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Chengdu Research Institute, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, No. 519 Tashi Road, Dazhou 635000, China; (Z.F.); (X.M.)
- Chongqing Co-Core Optics & Electronics Technology Institute Co., Ltd., Panxi Road, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Shaolin Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China;
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Abdollahramezani S, Hemmatyar O, Taghinejad M, Taghinejad H, Kiarashinejad Y, Zandehshahvar M, Fan T, Deshmukh S, Eftekhar AA, Cai W, Pop E, El-Sayed MA, Adibi A. Dynamic Hybrid Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:1238-1245. [PMID: 33481600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient hybrid plasmonic-photonic metasurfaces that simultaneously take advantage of the potential of both pure metallic and all-dielectric nanoantennas are identified as an emerging technology in flat optics. Nevertheless, postfabrication tunable hybrid metasurfaces are still elusive. Here, we present a reconfigurable hybrid metasurface platform by incorporating the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) into metal-dielectric meta-atoms for active and nonvolatile tuning of properties of light. We systematically design a reduced-dimension meta-atom, which selectively controls the hybrid plasmonic-photonic resonances of the metasurface via the dynamic change of optical constants of GST without compromising the scattering efficiency. As a proof-of-concept, we experimentally demonstrate two tunable metasurfaces that control the amplitude (with relative modulation depth as high as ≈80%) or phase (with tunability >230°) of incident light promising for high-contrast optical switching and efficient anomalous to specular beam deflection, respectively. Our findings further substantiate dynamic hybrid metasurfaces as compelling candidates for next-generation reprogrammable meta-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Abdollahramezani
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Omid Hemmatyar
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Mohammad Taghinejad
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Hossein Taghinejad
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Yashar Kiarashinejad
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Mohammadreza Zandehshahvar
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Tianren Fan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Sanchit Deshmukh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ali A Eftekhar
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
| | - Wenshan Cai
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295, United States
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mostafa A El-Sayed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295, United States
- Laser Dynamics Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Ali Adibi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 778 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0250, United States
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Li J, Wang M, Wu Z, Li H, Hu G, Jiang T, Guo J, Liu Y, Yao K, Chen Z, Fang J, Fan D, Korgel BA, Alù A, Zheng Y. Tunable Chiral Optics in All-Solid-Phase Reconfigurable Dielectric Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:973-979. [PMID: 33372805 PMCID: PMC7855985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Subwavelength nanostructures with tunable compositions and geometries show favorable optical functionalities for the implementation of nanophotonic systems. Precise and versatile control of structural configurations on solid substrates is essential for their applications in on-chip devices. Here, we report all-solid-phase reconfigurable chiral nanostructures with silicon nanoparticles and nanowires as the building blocks in which the configuration and chiroptical response can be tailored on-demand by dynamic manipulation of the silicon nanoparticle. We reveal that the optical chirality originates from the handedness-dependent coupling between optical resonances of the silicon nanoparticle and the silicon nanowire via numerical simulations and coupled-mode theory analysis. Furthermore, the coexisting electric and magnetic resonances support strong enhancement of optical near-field chirality, which enables label-free enantiodiscrimination of biomolecules in single nanostructures. Our results not only provide insight into the design of functional high-index materials but also bring new strategies to develop adaptive devices for photonic and electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10075, United States
| | - Zilong Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Huanan Li
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10075, United States
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10075, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Taizhi Jiang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jianhe Guo
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yaoran Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kan Yao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jie Fang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Donglei Fan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brian A Korgel
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10075, United States
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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45
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Mu X, Hu L, Cheng Y, Fang Y, Sun M. Chiral surface plasmon-enhanced chiral spectroscopy: principles and applications. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:581-601. [PMID: 33410859 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06272c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the development context and scientific research results of chiral surface plasmons (SPs) in recent years are classified and described in detail. First, the principle of chiral SPs is introduced through classical and quantum theory. Following this, the classification and properties of different chiral structures, as well as the superchiral near-field, are introduced in detail. Second, we describe the excitation and propagation properties of chiral SPs, which lays a good foundation for the application of chiral SPs and their chiral spectra in various fields. After that, we have summarized the recent research results of chiral SPs and their applications in the areas of biology, two-dimensional materials, topological materials, analytical chemistry, chiral sensing, chiral optical force, and chiral light detection. Chiral SPs are a new type of optical phenomenon that have useful application potential in many fields and are worth exploring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijiao Mu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
| | - Li Hu
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Detection, Control and Integrated System, School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Cheng
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
| | - Yurui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P.R. China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, P. R. China
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46
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Cheng Z, Milne T, Salter P, Kim JS, Humphrey S, Booth M, Bhaskaran H. Antimony thin films demonstrate programmable optical nonlinearity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/1/eabd7097. [PMID: 33523855 PMCID: PMC7775754 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of metals of nanometer dimensions to enhance and manipulate light-matter interactions for emerging plasmonics-enabled nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications is an interesting yet not highly explored area of research beyond plasmonics. Even more importantly, the concept of an active metal that can undergo an optical nonvolatile transition has not been explored. Here, we demonstrate that antimony (Sb), a pure metal, is optically distinguishable between two programmable states as nanoscale thin films. We show that these states, corresponding to the crystalline and amorphous phases of the metal, are stable at room temperature. Crucially from an application standpoint, we demonstrate both its optoelectronic modulation capabilities and switching speed using single subpicosecond pulses. The simplicity of depositing a single metal portends its potential for use in any optoelectronic application where metallic conductors with an actively tunable state are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Tara Milne
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Patrick Salter
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Judy S Kim
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
- Electron Physical Sciences Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Samuel Humphrey
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Martin Booth
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Harish Bhaskaran
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK.
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47
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Xie F, Ren M, Wu W, Yu D, Cai W, Xu J. Phase-Transition Optical Activity in Chiral Metamaterials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:237401. [PMID: 33337210 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.237401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical activity from chiral metamaterials is both fundamental in electrodynamics and useful for polarization control applications. It is normally expected that due to infinitesimally small thickness, two-dimensional (2D) planar metamaterials cannot introduce large optical rotations. Here, we present a new mechanism to achieve strong optical rotation up to 90° by evoking phase transition in the 2D metamaterials through tuning coupling strength between meta-atoms. We analytically elucidate such phenomenon by developing a model of phase-transition coupled-oscillator array. And we further corroborate our ideas with both numerical simulations and experiments. Our findings would pave a new way for applying the concept of phase transition in photonics for designing novel optical devices for strong polarization controls and other novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxin Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianqiang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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Zhou H, Su S, Ma H, Zhao Z, Lin Z, Qiu W, Qiu P, Huang B, Kan Q. Chiral graphene plasmonic Archimedes' spiral nanostructure with tunable circular dichroism and enhanced sensing performance. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:31954-31966. [PMID: 33115159 DOI: 10.1364/oe.403041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Circular dichroism spectroscopy is frequently used to characterize the chiral biomolecules by measuring the absorption spectra contrast between the left-handed circularly polarized light and the right-handed circularly polarized light. Compared with biomolecules, chiral metal plasmonic nanostructures also produce a strong circular dichroism response in the range of near-infrared. However, due to the large damping rate, the non-adjustable resonant frequency of the conventional metals, the applications of chiral metal plasmonic nanostructures in the fields of photoelectric detection and chemical and biochemical sensing are restricted. Here, we present a chiral graphene plasmonic Archimedes' spiral nanostructure that displays a significant circular dichroism response under the excitation of two polarizations of circularly polarized light. By manipulating the material and geometric parameters of the Archimedes' spiral, the stronger circular dichroism responses and modulation of the resonant wavelength are achieved. The optimized plasmonic nanostructure has outstanding refractive index sensing performance, where the sensitivity and figure of merit reach 7000nm/RIU and 68.75, respectively. Our proposed chiral graphene plasmonic Archimedes' spiral nanostructure might find potential applications in the fields of optical detection and high performance of index sensing.
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Neubrech F, Hentschel M, Liu N. Reconfigurable Plasmonic Chirality: Fundamentals and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905640. [PMID: 32077543 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chirality is a geometric property that is of great importance in chemistry, biology, and medicine. Recently, plasmonic nanostructures that exhibit distinct chiroptical responses have attracted tremendous interest, given their ability to emulate the properties of chiral molecules with tailored and pronounced optical characteristics. However, the optical chirality of such human-made structures is in general static and cannot be manipulated postfabrication. Herein, different concepts to reconfigure the chiroptical responses of plasmonic nano- and micro-objects are outlined. Depending on the utilized strategies and stimuli, the chiroptical signature, the 3D structural conformation, or both can be reconfigured. Optical devices based on plasmonic nanostructures with reconfigurable chirality possess great potential in practical applications, ranging from polarization conversion elements to enantioselective analysis, chiral sensing, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Neubrech
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heissenbergstraße 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Hentschel
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Na Liu
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heissenbergstraße 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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Lee S, Baek S, Kim TT, Cho H, Lee S, Kang JH, Min B. Metamaterials for Enhanced Optical Responses and their Application to Active Control of Terahertz Waves. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000250. [PMID: 32187763 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials, artificially constructed structures that mimic lattices in natural materials, have made numerous contributions to the development of unconventional optical devices. With an increasing demand for more diverse functionalities, terahertz (THz) metamaterials are also expanding their domain, from the realm of mere passive devices to the broader area where functionalized active THz devices are particularly required. A brief review on THz metamaterials is given with a focus on research conducted in the authors' group. The first part is centered on enhanced THz optical responses from tightly coupled meta-atom structures, such as high refractive index, enhanced optical activity, anomalous wavelength scaling, large phase retardation, and nondispersive polarization rotation. Next, electrically gated graphene metamaterials are reviewed with an emphasis on the functionalization of enhanced THz optical responses. Finally, the linear frequency conversion of THz waves in a rapidly time-variant THz metamaterial is briefly discussed in the more general context of spatiotemporal control of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seojoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojeong Baek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Teun-Teun Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjoon Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangha Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Kang
- Department of Optical Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan, 31080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumki Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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