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Ding P, Lu M, Lu L, Wen J, Gong X, Zheng H, Chen H. Direction-switchable transverse optical torque on a dipolar phase-change nanoparticle. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:5655-5658. [PMID: 39353030 DOI: 10.1364/ol.532684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
We propose that a transition from positive optical torque (OT) to negative OT occurs in a dipolar nanoparticle subjected to a simple optical field composed of two circularly polarized plane waves. This phenomenon can be observed in a phase-change nanoparticle comprising insulating and metallic phases. The analytical expression based on the multipole expansion theory reveals that the positive OT in the metallic phase originates from the electric response during light-matter interaction. However, in the insulating phase, the magnetic response is excited, leading to a significant negative OT due to the contribution of the magnetic field-magnetic dipole interaction. It is noted that the phenomenon of reversible transverse OT is robust to the angle between two constituent plane waves, ensuring its practical application.
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2
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Huang D, Liao C, Zhou H, Guo P, Li Z, Zhou G, Yu X, Hu J. Linearly Polarized Broadband Emission and Multiwavelength Lasing in Solution-Processed Quantum Dots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403017. [PMID: 38739121 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A miniature laser with linear polarization is a long sought-after component of photonic integrated circuits. In particular, for multiwavelength polarization lasers, it supports simultaneous access to multiple, widely varying laser wavelengths in a small spatial region, which is of great significance for advancing applications such as optical computing, optical storage, and optical sensing. However, there is a trade-off between the size of small-scale lasers and laser performance, and multiwavelength co-gain of laser media and multicavity micromachining in the process of laser miniaturization remain as significant challenges. Herein, room-temperature linearly polarized multiwavelength lasers in the visible and near-infrared wavelength ranges are demonstrated, by fabricating random cavities scattered with silica in an Er-doped Cs2Ag0.4Na0.6In0.98Bi0.02Cl6 double-perovskite quantum dots gain membrane. By regulating the local symmetry and enabling effective energy transfer in nanocrystals, multiwavelength lasers with ultralow thresholds are achieved at room temperature. The maximum degree of polarization reaches 0.89. With their advantages in terms of miniaturization, ultralow power consumption, and adaptability for integration, these lasers offer a prospective light source for future photonic integrated circuits aimed at high-capacity optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Graduate School of Arts and Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Dapeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zexin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jifan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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3
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Ji J, Lin L, Hu Y, Xu J, Li Z. Thermally Stable Oxide-Capsulated Metal Nanoparticles Structure for Strong Metal-Support Interaction via Ultrafast Laser Plasmonic Nanowelding. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301612. [PMID: 39031877 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) has drawn much attention in heterogeneous catalysts due to its stable and excellent catalytic efficiency. However, construction of high-performance oxide-capsulated metal nanostructures meets great challenge in materials thermodynamic compatibility. In this work, dynamically controlled formation of oxide-capsulated metal nanoparticles (NPs) structures is demonstrated by ultrafast laser plasmonic nanowelding. Under the strong localized electromagnetic field interaction, metal (Au) NPs are dragged by an optical force toward oxide NPs (TiO2). Intense energy is simultaneously injected into this heterojunction area, where TiO2 is precisely ablated. With the embedding of metal into oxide, optical force on Au gradually turned from attractive to repulsive due to the varied metal-dielectric environment. Meanwhile, local ablated oxides are redeposited on Au NP. Upon the whole coverage of metal NP, the implantation behavior of metal NP is stopped, resulting in a controlled metal-oxide eccentric structure with capsulated oxide layer thickness ≈0.72-1.30 nm. These oxide-capsulated metal NPs structures can preserve their configurations even after thermal annealing in air at 600 °C for 10 min. This ultrafast laser plasmonic nanowelding can also extend to oxide-capsulated metal nanostructure fabrication with broad materials combinations (e.g., Au/ZnO, Au/MgO, etc.), which shows great potential in designing/constructing nanoscale high-performance catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junde Ji
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Luchan Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhuguo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Wan H, Ou K, Yang H, Wei Z. Multifunctional Meta-Devices for Full-Polarization Rotation and Focusing in the Near-Infrared. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:710. [PMID: 38930680 PMCID: PMC11205365 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The creation of multi-channel focused beams with arbitrary polarization states and their corresponding optical torques finds effective applications in the field of optical manipulation at the micro-nanoscale. The existing metasurface-based technologies for polarization rotation have made some progress, but they have been limited to single functions and have not yet achieved the generation of full polarization. In this work, we propose a multi-channel and spatial-multiplexing interference strategy for the generation of multi-channel focusing beams with arbitrary polarization rotation based on all-dielectric birefringent metasurfaces via simultaneously regulating the propagation phase and the geometric phase and independently controlling the wavefronts at different circular polarizations. For the proof of concept, we demonstrate highly efficient multi-channel polarization rotation meta-devices. The meta-devices demonstrate ultra-high polarization extinction ratios and high focusing efficiencies at each polarization channel. Our work provides a compact and versatile wavefront-shaping methodology for full-polarization control, paving a new path for planar multifunctional meta-optical devices in optical manipulation at micro-nano dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyi Wan
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kai Ou
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
| | - Zeyong Wei
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
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5
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Cui X, Mylnikov V, Johansson P, Käll M. Synchronization of optically self-assembled nanorotors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn3485. [PMID: 38457509 PMCID: PMC10923511 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembly of nanoparticles by means of interparticle optical forces provides a compelling approach toward contact-free organization and manipulation of nanoscale entities. However, exploration of the rotational degrees of freedom in this process has remained limited, primarily because of the predominant focus on spherical nanoparticles, for which individual particle orientation cannot be determined. Here, we show that gold nanorods, which self-assemble in water under the influence of circularly polarized light, exhibit synchronized rotational motion at kilohertz frequencies. The synchronization is caused by strong optical interactions and occurs despite the presence of thermal diffusion. Our findings elucidate the intricate dynamics arising from the transfer of photon spin angular momentum to optically bound matter and hold promise for advancing the emerging field of light-driven nanomachinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximin Cui
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Vasilii Mylnikov
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Johansson
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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6
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Nan F, Rodríguez-Fortuño FJ, Yan S, Kingsley-Smith JJ, Ng J, Yao B, Yan Z, Xu X. Creating tunable lateral optical forces through multipolar interplay in single nanowires. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6361. [PMID: 37821466 PMCID: PMC10567843 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of lateral optical force (LOF) is of general interest in optical manipulation as it releases the constraint of intensity gradient in tightly focused light, yet such a force is normally limited to exotic materials and/or complex light fields. Here, we report a general and controllable LOF in a nonchiral elongated nanoparticle illuminated by an obliquely incident plane wave. Through computational analysis, we reveal that the sign and magnitude of LOF can be tuned by multiple parameters of the particle (aspect ratio, material) and light (incident angle, direction of linear polarization, wavelength). The underlying physics is attributed to the multipolar interplay in the particle, leading to a reduction in symmetry. Direct experimental evidence of switchable LOF is captured by polarization-angle-controlled manipulation of single Ag nanowires using holographic optical tweezers. This work provides a minimalist paradigm to achieve interface-free LOF for optomechanical applications, such as optical sorting and light-driven micro/nanomotors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Francisco J Rodríguez-Fortuño
- Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Shaohui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 710119, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jack J Kingsley-Smith
- Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Ng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoli Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Zijie Yan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Xiaohao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 710119, Xi'an, China.
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7
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Hao S, Xie Z, Wang W, Kou J, Wu F. Self-propelled continuous transport of nanoparticles on a wedge-shaped groove track. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4910-4916. [PMID: 36779838 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05875h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the directional motion of nanoparticles on the surface is particularly important for human life, but achieving continuous transport is a time-consuming and demanding task. Here, a spontaneous movement of nanoflakes on a wedge-shaped groove track is demonstrated by using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Moreover, an optimized track, where one end of the substrate is cut into an angle, is introduced to induce a sustained directional movement. It is shown that the wedge-shaped interface results in a driving force for the nanoflakes to move from the diverging to the converging end, and the angular substrate provides an auxiliary driving force at the junction to maintain continuous transport. A force analysis is carried out in detail to reveal the driving mechanism. Moreover, the sustained transport is sensitive to the surface energy and structural characteristics of the track: the nanoflakes are more likely to move continuously on the track with lower surface energy and a smaller substrate and groove opening angle. The present findings are useful for designing nanodevices to control the movement of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqian Hao
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices and Zhejiang Institute of Photonelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Zhang Xie
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices and Zhejiang Institute of Photonelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Jianlong Kou
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices and Zhejiang Institute of Photonelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Fengmin Wu
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices and Zhejiang Institute of Photonelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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8
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Da A, Chu Y, Krach J, Liu Y, Park Y, Lee SE. Optical Penetration of Shape-Controlled Metallic Nanosensors across Membrane Barriers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2824. [PMID: 36905027 PMCID: PMC10007193 DOI: 10.3390/s23052824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Precise nanostructure geometry that enables the optical biomolecular delivery of nanosensors to the living intracellular environment is highly desirable for precision biological and clinical therapies. However, the optical delivery through membrane barriers utilizing nanosensors remains difficult due to a lack of design guidelines to avoid inherent conflict between optical force and photothermal heat generation in metallic nanosensors during the process. Here, we present a numerical study reporting significantly enhanced optical penetration of nanosensors by engineering nanostructure geometry with minimized photothermal heating generation for penetrating across membrane barriers. We show that by varying the nanosensor geometry, penetration depths can be maximized while heat generated during the penetration process can be minimized. We demonstrate the effect of lateral stress induced by an angularly rotating nanosensor on a membrane barrier by theoretical analysis. Furthermore, we show that by varying the nanosensor geometry, maximized local stress fields at the nanoparticle-membrane interface enhanced the optical penetration process by four-fold. Owing to the high efficiency and stability, we anticipate that precise optical penetration of nanosensors to specific intracellular locations will be beneficial for biological and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancheng Da
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanan Chu
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jacob Krach
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yunbo Liu
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Younggeun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Somin Eunice Lee
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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9
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Ding H, Chen Z, Ponce C, Zheng Y. Optothermal rotation of micro-/nano-objects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2208-2221. [PMID: 36723196 PMCID: PMC10189788 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Due to its contactless and fuel-free operation, optical rotation of micro-/nano-objects provides tremendous opportunities for cellular biology, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, and micro/nanorobotics. However, complex optics, extremely high operational power, and the applicability to limited objects restrict the broader use of optical rotation techniques. This Feature Article focuses on a rapidly emerging class of optical rotation techniques, termed optothermal rotation. Based on light-mediated thermal phenomena, optothermal rotation techniques overcome the bottlenecks of conventional optical rotation by enabling versatile rotary control of arbitrary objects with simpler optics using lower powers. We start with the fundamental thermal phenomena and concepts: thermophoresis, thermoelectricity, thermo-electrokinetics, thermo-osmosis, thermal convection, thermo-capillarity, and photophoresis. Then, we highlight various optothermal rotation techniques, categorizing them based on their rotation modes (i.e., in-plane and out-of-plane rotation) and the thermal phenomena involved. Next, we explore the potential applications of these optothermal manipulation techniques in areas such as single-cell mechanics, 3D bio-imaging, and micro/nanomotors. We conclude the Feature Article with our insights on the operating guidelines, existing challenges, and future directions of optothermal rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Carolina Ponce
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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10
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Riccardi M, Martin OJF. Electromagnetic Forces and Torques: From Dielectrophoresis to Optical Tweezers. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1680-1711. [PMID: 36719985 PMCID: PMC9951227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic forces and torques enable many key technologies, including optical tweezers or dielectrophoresis. Interestingly, both techniques rely on the same physical process: the interaction of an oscillating electric field with a particle of matter. This work provides a unified framework to understand this interaction both when considering fields oscillating at low frequencies─dielectrophoresis─and high frequencies─optical tweezers. We draw useful parallels between these two techniques, discuss the different and often unstated assumptions they are based upon, and illustrate key applications in the fields of physical and analytical chemistry, biosensing, and colloidal science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Riccardi
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-STI-NAM, Station 11, CH-1015Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier J. F. Martin
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-STI-NAM, Station 11, CH-1015Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Hameed N, Zeghdoudi T, Guichardaz B, Mezeghrane A, Suarez M, Courjal N, Bernal MP, Belkhir A, Baida FI. Stand-alone optical spinning tweezers with tunable rotation frequency. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:4379-4392. [PMID: 36785408 DOI: 10.1364/oe.480961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Advances in optical trapping design principles have led to tremendous progress in manipulating nanoparticles (NPs) with diverse functionalities in different environments using bulky systems. However, efficient control and manipulation of NPs in harsh environments require a careful design of contactless optical tweezers. Here, we propose a simple design of a fibered optical probe allowing the trapping of dielectric NP as well as a transfer of the angular momentum of light to the NP inducing its mechanical rotation. A polarization conversion from linearly-polarized incident guided to circularly transmitted beam is provoked geometrically by breaking the cylindrical symmetry of a coaxial nano-aperture that is engraved at the apex of a tapered metal coated optical fiber. Numerical simulations show that this simple geometry tip allows powerful light transmission together with efficient polarization conversion. This guarantees very stable trapping of quasi spherical NPs in a non-contact regime as well as potentially very tunable and reversible rotation frequencies in both directions (up to 45 Hz in water and 5.3 MHz in air for 10 mW injected power in the fiber). This type of fiber probe opens the way to a new generation of miniaturized tools for total manipulation (trapping, sorting, spinning) of NPs.
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12
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Nan F, Li X, Zhang S, Ng J, Yan Z. Creating stable trapping force and switchable optical torque with tunable phase of light. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd6664. [PMID: 36399578 PMCID: PMC9674277 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Light-induced rotation of microscopic objects is of general interest as the objects may serve as micromotors. Such rotation can be driven by the angular momentum of light or recoil forces arising from special light-matter interactions. However, in the absence of intensity gradient, simultaneously controlling the position and switching the rotation direction is challenging. Here, we report stable optical trapping and switchable optical rotation of nanoparticle (NP)-assembled micromotors with programmed phase of light. We imprint customized phase gradients into a circularly polarized flat-top (i.e., no intensity gradient) laser beam to trap and assemble metal NPs into reconfigurable clusters. Modulating the phase gradients allows direction-switchable and magnitude-tunable optical torque in the same cluster under fixed laser wavelength and handedness. This work provides a valuable method to achieve reversible optical torque in micro/nanomotors, and new insights for optical trapping and manipulation using the phase gradient of a spatially extended light field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shuailong Zhang
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jack Ng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zijie Yan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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13
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Observation of high-order imaginary Poynting momentum optomechanics in structured light. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209721119. [PMID: 36279457 PMCID: PMC9636969 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209721119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical forces on small particles are conventionally produced from the intensity or phase gradient of light. Harnessing the imaginary Poynting momentum (IPM) of light to generate nontrivial forces would unlock the full potential of optical manipulation techniques, but so far, it is demonstrated only for dipolar magnetoelectric particles. Here, we show that the IPM can be coupled to the force via the interplay of multipoles higher than dipoles, giving rise to high-order IPM forces that can be exerted on a large variety of Mie particles. The high-order concept and theory can be extended to the well-known optical gradient force and radiation pressure, and may inspire new insights for studying the interaction of matter with other classic waves, such as acoustics. The imaginary Poynting momentum (IPM) of light has been captivated as an unusual origin of optical forces. However, the IPM force is predicted only for dipolar magnetoelectric particles that are hardly used in optical manipulation experiments. Here, we report a whole family of high-order IPM forces for not only magnetoelectric but also generic Mie particles, assisted with their excited higher multipoles within. Such optomechanical manifestations derive from a nonlocal contribution of the IPM to the optical force, which can be remarkable even when the incident IPM is small. We observe the high-order optomechanics in a structured light beam, which, despite carrying no angular momentum, is able to set normal microparticles into continuous rotation. Our results provide unambiguous evidence of the ponderomotive nature of the IPM, expand the classification of optical forces, and open new possibilities for levitated optomechanics and micromanipulations.
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14
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Rahman MM, Dana LP, Moral IH, Anjum N, Rahaman MS. Challenges of rural women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh to survive their family entrepreneurship: a narrative inquiry through storytelling. JOURNAL OF FAMILY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jfbm-04-2022-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeFamily entrepreneurship benefits women because of their economic, family, and social needs. But, as rural women, it is not much easy for them to maintain their family entrepreneurship successfully. Thus, this paper aims to explore the main challenges faced by rural women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh to survive their family entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThis study is qualitative in nature, based on narrative inquiry. The purposive sampling technique was used as a part of a non-probability sampling method to collect the data from rural women entrepreneurs from three districts (Khulna, Shatkhira, and Sylhet) in Bangladesh engaged in family entrepreneurship. No new information was found after collecting the data from seven (07) respondents; thus, they were chosen as the final sample size.FindingsThe findings show that rural women entrepreneurs faced primarily social and cultural, financial, and skill-related challenges, though they face other challenges to survive their family entrepreneurship. The attitude and perception of society toward women and their roles are at the root of social and cultural barriers. Researchers also found that financial challenges have a colossal impact on rural women and the other problem.Practical implicationsAlthough entrepreneurial activities are essential for socio-economic development in these developing countries, this research adds to the existing information by highlighting the main challenges that rural women face when they want to be business owners and entrepreneurs.Originality/valueResearch on rural women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh is limited and new. This study can provide an overview of the challenges faced by the rural women entrepreneurs and provide them with a blueprint for the development of women entrepreneurs in developing countries.
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15
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Shi Y, Zhu T, Liu AQ, Zhou LM, Nieto-Vesperinas M, Hassanfiroozi A, Liu J, Tsai DP, Li Z, Ding W, Wang F, Li H, Song Q, Xu X, Li B, Cheng X, Wu PC, Chan CT, Qiu CW. Inverse Optical Torques on Dielectric Nanoparticles in Elliptically Polarized Light Waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:053902. [PMID: 35960581 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.053902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Elliptically polarized light waves carry the spin angular momentum (SAM), so they can exert optical torques on nanoparticles. Usually, the rotation follows the same direction as the SAM due to momentum conservation. It is counterintuitive to observe the reversal of optical torque acting on an ordinary dielectric nanoparticle illuminated by an elliptically or circularly polarized light wave. Here, we demonstrate that negative optical torques, which are opposite to the direction of SAM, can ubiquitously emerge when elliptically polarized light waves are impinged on dielectric nanoparticles obliquely. Intriguingly, the rotation can be switched between clockwise and counterclockwise directions by controlling the incident angle of light. Our study suggests a new playground to harness polarization-dependent optical force and torque for advancing optical manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lei-Ming Zhou
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Manuel Nieto-Vesperinas
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Amir Hassanfiroozi
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jingquan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Weiqiang Ding
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qinghua Song
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohao Xu
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pin Chieh Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Che Ting Chan
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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16
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Ding H, Chen Z, Kollipara PS, Liu Y, Kim Y, Huang S, Zheng Y. Programmable Multimodal Optothermal Manipulation of Synthetic Particles and Biological Cells. ACS NANO 2022; 16:10878-10889. [PMID: 35816157 PMCID: PMC9901196 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation of tiny objects has benefited many research areas ranging from physics to biology to micro/nanorobotics. However, limited manipulation modes, intense lasers with complex optics, and applicability to limited materials and geometries of objects restrict the broader uses of conventional optical tweezers. Herein, we develop an optothermal platform that enables the versatile manipulation of synthetic micro/nanoparticles and live cells using an ultralow-power laser beam and a simple optical setup. Five working modes (i.e., printing, tweezing, rotating, rolling, and shooting) have been achieved and can be switched on demand through computer programming. By incorporating a feedback control system into the platform, we realize programmable multimodal control of micro/nanoparticles, enabling autonomous micro/nanorobots in complex environments. Moreover, we demonstrate in situ three-dimensional single-cell surface characterizations through the multimodal optothermal manipulation of live cells. This programmable multimodal optothermal platform will contribute to diverse fundamental studies and applications in cellular biology, nanotechnology, robotics, and photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yaoran Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Youngsun Kim
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Suichu Huang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education and School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhijie St., Harbin 15001, China
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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17
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Chen Z, Cai Z, Liu W, Yan Z. Optical trapping and manipulation for single-particle spectroscopy and microscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:050901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0086328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical tweezers can control the position and orientation of individual colloidal particles in solution. Such control is often desirable but challenging for single-particle spectroscopy and microscopy, especially at the nanoscale. Functional nanoparticles that are optically trapped and manipulated in a three-dimensional (3D) space can serve as freestanding nanoprobes, which provide unique prospects of sensing and mapping the surrounding environment of the nanoparticles and studying their interactions with biological systems. In this perspective, we will first describe the optical forces underlying the optical trapping and manipulation of microscopic particles, then review the combinations and applications of different spectroscopy and microscopy techniques with optical tweezers. Finally, we will discuss the challenges of performing spectroscopy and microscopy on single nanoparticles with optical tweezers, the possible routes to address these challenges, and the new opportunities that will arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Zhewei Cai
- Clarkson University, United States of America
| | - Wenbo Liu
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Zijie Yan
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
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18
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Wu X, Ehehalt R, Razinskas G, Feichtner T, Qin J, Hecht B. Light-driven microdrones. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:477-484. [PMID: 35449413 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
When photons interact with matter, forces and torques occur due to the transfer of linear and angular momentum, respectively. The resulting accelerations are small for macroscopic objects but become substantial for microscopic objects with small masses and moments of inertia, rendering photon recoil very attractive to propel micro- and nano-objects. However, until now, using light to control object motion in two or three dimensions in all three or six degrees of freedom has remained an unsolved challenge. Here we demonstrate light-driven microdrones (size roughly 2 μm and mass roughly 2 pg) in an aqueous environment that can be manoeuvred in two dimensions in all three independent degrees of freedom (two translational and one rotational) using two overlapping unfocused light fields of 830 and 980 nm wavelength. To actuate the microdrones independent of their orientation, we use up to four individually addressable chiral plasmonic nanoantennas acting as nanomotors that resonantly scatter the circular polarization components of the driving light into well-defined directions. The microdrones are manoeuvred by only adjusting the optical power for each motor (the power of each circular polarization component of each wavelength). The actuation concept is therefore similar to that of macroscopic multirotor drones. As a result, we demonstrate manual steering of the microdrones along complex paths. Since all degrees of freedom can be addressed independently and directly, feedback control loops may be used to counteract Brownian motion. We posit that the microdrones can find applications in transport and release of cargos, nanomanipulation, and local probing and sensing of nano and mesoscale objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wu
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.
| | - Raphael Ehehalt
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gary Razinskas
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Feichtner
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jin Qin
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bert Hecht
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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19
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Han R, Yang Q, Wang Z, Cao D, Li G, Zheng L, Peng B, Gao X, Chen G. 3D printing-enabled self-assembling β-nucleating agent alignment: Structural evolution and mechanical performances. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Shi Y, Zhou LM, Liu AQ, Nieto-Vesperinas M, Zhu T, Hassanfiroozi A, Liu J, Zhang H, Tsai DP, Li H, Ding W, Zhu W, Yu YF, Mazzulla A, Cipparrone G, Wu PC, Chan CT, Qiu CW. Superhybrid Mode-Enhanced Optical Torques on Mie-Resonant Particles. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:1769-1777. [PMID: 35156826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized light carries spin angular momentum, so it can exert an optical torque on the polarization-anisotropic particle by the spin momentum transfer. Here, we show that giant positive and negative optical torques on Mie-resonant (gain) particles arise from the emergence of superhybrid modes with magnetic multipoles and electric toroidal moments, excited by linearly polarized beams. Anomalous positive and negative torques on particles (doped with judicious amount of dye molecules) are over 800 and 200 times larger than the ordinary lossy counterparts, respectively. Meanwhile, a rotational motor can be configured by switching the s- and p-polarized beams, exhibiting opposite optical torques. These giant and reversed optical torques are unveiled for the first time in the scattering spectrum, paving another avenue toward exploring unprecedented physics of hybrid and superhybrid multipoles in metaoptics and optical manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lei-Ming Zhou
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Manuel Nieto-Vesperinas
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Amir Hassanfiroozi
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jingquan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hang Li
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Weiqiang Ding
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Ye Feng Yu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Alfredo Mazzulla
- CNR Nanotec─Institute of Nanotechnology, S.S. Cosenza, Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cipparrone
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci 31C, Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Pin Chieh Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - C T Chan
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
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21
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Wei B, Gong S, Li R, Minin IV, Minin OV, Lin L. Optical Force on a Metal Nanorod Exerted by a Photonic Jet. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:251. [PMID: 35055268 PMCID: PMC8781982 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we study the optical force exerted on nanorods. In recent years, the capture of micro-nanoparticles has been a frontier topic in optics. A Photonic Jet (PJ) is an emerging subwavelength beam with excellent application prospects. This paper studies the optical force exerted by photonic jets generated by a plane wave illuminating a Generalized Luneburg Lens (GLLs) on nanorods. In the framework of the dipole approximation, the optical force on the nanorods is studied. The electric field of the photonic jet is calculated by the open-source software package DDSCAT developed based on the Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA). In this paper, the effects of the nanorods' orientation and dielectric constant on the transverse force Fx and longitudinal force Fy are analyzed. Numerical results show that the maximum value of the positive force and the negative force are equal and appear alternately at the position of the photonic jet. Therefore, to capture anisotropic nanoscale-geometries (nanorods), it is necessary to adjust the position of GLLs continuously. It is worth emphasizing that manipulations with nanorods will make it possible to create new materials at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojian Wei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China; (B.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shuhong Gong
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China; (B.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Renxian Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China; (B.W.); (S.G.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
| | - Igor V. Minin
- School of Nondestructive testing, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (I.V.M.); (O.V.M.)
| | - Oleg V. Minin
- School of Nondestructive testing, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (I.V.M.); (O.V.M.)
| | - Leke Lin
- China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao 266000, China;
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22
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Baaske M, Asgari N, Spaeth P, Adhikari S, Punj D, Orrit M. Photothermal Spectro-Microscopy as Benchmark for Optoplasmonic Bio-Detection Assays. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:25087-25093. [PMID: 34824661 PMCID: PMC8607500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c07592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optoplasmonic bio-detection assays commonly probe the response of plasmonic nanostructures to changes in their dielectric environment. The accurate detection of nanoscale entities such as virus particles, micelles and proteins requires optimization of multiple experimental parameters. Performing such optimization directly via analyte recognition is often not desirable or feasible, especially if the nanostructures exhibit limited numbers of analyte binding sites and if binding is irreversible. Here we introduce photothermal spectro-microscopy as a benchmarking tool for the characterization and optimization of optoplasmonic detection assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin.
D. Baaske
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nasrin Asgari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Spaeth
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Deep Punj
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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23
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Andrén D, Baranov DG, Jones S, Volpe G, Verre R, Käll M. Microscopic metavehicles powered and steered by embedded optical metasurfaces. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:970-974. [PMID: 34294910 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured dielectric metasurfaces offer unprecedented opportunities to manipulate light by imprinting an arbitrary phase gradient on an impinging wavefront1. This has resulted in the realization of a range of flat analogues to classical optical components, such as lenses, waveplates and axicons2-6. However, the change in linear and angular optical momentum7 associated with phase manipulation also results in previously unexploited forces and torques that act on the metasurface itself. Here we show that these optomechanical effects can be utilized to construct optical metavehicles-microscopic particles that can travel long distances under low-intensity plane-wave illumination while being steered by the polarization of the incident light. We demonstrate movement in complex patterns, self-correcting motion and an application as transport vehicles for microscopic cargoes, which include unicellular organisms. The abundance of possible optical metasurfaces attests to the prospect of developing a wide variety of metavehicles with specialized functional behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Denis G Baranov
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Steven Jones
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Volpe
- Physics Department, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruggero Verre
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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24
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Chen S, Peterson CW, Parker JA, Rice SA, Ferguson AL, Scherer NF. Data-driven reaction coordinate discovery in overdamped and non-conservative systems: application to optical matter structural isomerization. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2548. [PMID: 33953159 PMCID: PMC8099877 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22794-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical matter (OM) systems consist of (nano-)particle constituents in solution that can self-organize into ordered arrays that are bound by electrodynamic interactions. They also manifest non-conservative forces, and the motions of the nano-particles are overdamped; i.e., they exhibit diffusive trajectories. We propose a data-driven approach based on principal components analysis (PCA) to determine the collective modes of non-conservative overdamped systems, such as OM structures, and harmonic linear discriminant analysis (HLDA) of time trajectories to estimate the reaction coordinate for structural transitions. We demonstrate the approach via electrodynamics-Langevin dynamics simulations of six electrodynamically-bound nanoparticles in an incident laser beam. The reaction coordinate we discover is in excellent accord with a rigorous committor analysis, and the identified mechanism for structural isomerization is in very good agreement with the experimental observations. The PCA-HLDA approach to data-driven discovery of reaction coordinates can aid in understanding and eventually controlling non-conservative and overdamped systems including optical and active matter systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Curtis W Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John A Parker
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stuart A Rice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew L Ferguson
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Norbert F Scherer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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25
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Zhang Y, Min C, Dou X, Wang X, Urbach HP, Somekh MG, Yuan X. Plasmonic tweezers: for nanoscale optical trapping and beyond. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:59. [PMID: 33731693 PMCID: PMC7969631 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers and associated manipulation tools in the far field have had a major impact on scientific and engineering research by offering precise manipulation of small objects. More recently, the possibility of performing manipulation with surface plasmons has opened opportunities not feasible with conventional far-field optical methods. The use of surface plasmon techniques enables excitation of hotspots much smaller than the free-space wavelength; with this confinement, the plasmonic field facilitates trapping of various nanostructures and materials with higher precision. The successful manipulation of small particles has fostered numerous and expanding applications. In this paper, we review the principles of and developments in plasmonic tweezers techniques, including both nanostructure-assisted platforms and structureless systems. Construction methods and evaluation criteria of the techniques are presented, aiming to provide a guide for the design and optimization of the systems. The most common novel applications of plasmonic tweezers, namely, sorting and transport, sensing and imaging, and especially those in a biological context, are critically discussed. Finally, we consider the future of the development and new potential applications of this technique and discuss prospects for its impact on science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Zhang
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology & Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Changjun Min
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology & Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Xiujie Dou
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology & Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Optics Research Group, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Xianyou Wang
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology & Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hendrik Paul Urbach
- Optics Research Group, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G Somekh
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology & Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiaocong Yuan
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology & Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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26
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Yang S, Huang M, Zhao Y, Zhang HP. Controlling Cell Motion and Microscale Flow with Polarized Light Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:058001. [PMID: 33605769 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.058001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate how light polarization affects the motion of photoresponsive algae, Euglena gracilis. In a uniformly polarized field, cells swim approximately perpendicular to the polarization direction and form a nematic state with zero mean velocity. When light polarization varies spatially, cell motion is modulated by local polarization. In such light fields, cells exhibit complex spatial distribution and motion patterns which are controlled by topological properties of the underlying fields; we further show that ordered cell swimming can generate directed transporting fluid flow. Experimental results are quantitatively reproduced by an active Brownian particle model in which particle motion direction is nematically coupled to local light polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mingji Huang
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhao
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - H P Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
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27
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Characterisation and Manipulation of Polarisation Response in Plasmonic and Magneto-Plasmonic Nanostructures and Metamaterials. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12081365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical properties of metal nanostructures, governed by the so-called localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects, have invoked intensive investigations in recent times owing to their fundamental nature and potential applications. LSPR scattering from metal nanostructures is expected to show the symmetry of the oscillation mode and the particle shape. Therefore, information on the polarisation properties of the LSPR scattering is crucial for identifying different oscillation modes within one particle and to distinguish differently shaped particles within one sample. On the contrary, the polarisation state of light itself can be arbitrarily manipulated by the inverse designed sample, known as metamaterials. Apart from polarisation state, external stimulus, e.g., magnetic field also controls the LSPR scattering from plasmonic nanostructures, giving rise to a new field of magneto-plasmonics. In this review, we pay special attention to polarisation and its effect in three contrasting aspects. First, tailoring between LSPR scattering and symmetry of plasmonic nanostructures, secondly, manipulating polarisation state through metamaterials and lastly, polarisation modulation in magneto-plasmonics. Finally, we will review recent progress in applications of plasmonic and magneto-plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials in various fields.
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28
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De J, Liao Q, Xiao X, Liu H, Chen W, Chen L, Geng H, Liao Y, Fu H. Remotely Photocontrolled Microrobots based on Photomechanical Molecular Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:27493-27498. [PMID: 32431143 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Creating nano-to-macroscopic-sized artificial actuators in response to light has been a challenging issue. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis, and operation of a photomechanical molecular crystal (PMMC) that exhibits well-controlled multiple photo-driven motions, including translation, rotation, and jumping, by adjusting the irradiation sites. Theoretical calculation discloses that conversion of light energy into macroscopic motion occurs through a molecular conformation change between the excited and ground states mediated by ultrafast conical internal conversion, making the photomechanical/recovery responses a rapid cycle. Therefore, our PMMCs can complete the directional and continuous motions using only one laser beam. We also demonstrated the actuated rotation of a cross-shaped sample by rotating the polarization of the laser beam at a rate of >2 Hz, like a dancer under a spotlight. This finding could lead to remote-controlled micrometer-sized vehicles and valves on solid substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo De
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Liu
- School of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiben Chen
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Chen
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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29
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Nan F, Yan Z. Synergy of Intensity, Phase, and Polarization Enables Versatile Optical Nanomanipulation. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2778-2783. [PMID: 32134670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Micromanipulation by optical tweezers mainly relies on the trapping force derived from the intensity gradient of light. Here we show that the synergy of intensity, phase, and polarization in structured light allows versatile optical manipulation of nanostructures. When a metal nanoparticle is confined by a linearly polarized laser field, the sign of optical force depends on the particle shape and the laser intensity, phase, and polarization profiles. By tuning these parameters in optical line traps, optical trapping, transporting, and sorting of silver nanostructures have been demonstrated. These findings inspired us to control the motion of nanostructures with designed intensity, phase, and polarization of light using holographic optical tweezers with advanced beam shaping techniques. This work provides a new perspective on active colloidal nanomanipulation in fully controlled optical landscapes, which largely expands the existing optical manipulation toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Zijie Yan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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30
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Han F, Armstrong T, Andres-Arroyo A, Bennett D, Soeriyadi A, Alinezhad Chamazketi A, Bakthavathsalam P, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ, Reece PJ. Optical tweezers-based characterisation of gold core-satellite plasmonic nano-assemblies incorporating thermo-responsive polymers. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1680-1687. [PMID: 31894817 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07891f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the characterisation of the optical properties and dynamic behaviour of optically trapped single stimuli-responsive plasmonic nanoscale assemblies. Nano-assemblies consist of a core-satellite arrangement where the constituent nanoparticles are connected by the thermoresponsive polymer, poly(DEGA-co-OEGA). The optical tweezers allow the particles to be held isolated in solution and interrogated using dark-field spectroscopy. Additionally, controlling the optical trapping power provides localised heating for probing the thermal response of the nanostructures. Our results identify a number of distinct core-satellite configurations that can be stably trapped, which are verified using finite element modelling. Laser heating of the nanostructures through the trapping laser yields irreversible modification of the arrangement, as observed through the scattering spectrum. We consider which factors may be responsible for the observed behaviour in the context of the core-satellite geometry, polymer-solvent interaction, and the bonding of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
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31
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Šípová-Jungová H, Andrén D, Jones S, Käll M. Nanoscale Inorganic Motors Driven by Light: Principles, Realizations, and Opportunities. Chem Rev 2019; 120:269-287. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Šípová-Jungová
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Steven Jones
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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32
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Hogan LT, Horak EH, Ward JM, Knapper KA, Nic Chormaic S, Goldsmith RH. Toward Real-Time Monitoring and Control of Single Nanoparticle Properties with a Microbubble Resonator Spectrometer. ACS NANO 2019; 13:12743-12757. [PMID: 31614083 PMCID: PMC6887843 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Optical microresonators have widespread application at the frontiers of nanophotonic technology, driven by their ability to confine light to the nanoscale and enhance light-matter interactions. Microresonators form the heart of a recently developed method for single-particle photothermal absorption spectroscopy, whereby the microresonators act as microscale thermometers to detect the heat dissipated by optically pumped, nonluminescent nanoscopic targets. However, translation of this technology to chemically dynamic systems requires a platform that is mechanically stable, solution compatible, and visibly transparent. We report microbubble absorption spectrometers as a versatile platform that meets these requirements. Microbubbles integrate a two-port microfluidic device within a whispering gallery mode microresonator, allowing for the facile exchange of chemical reagents within the resonator's interior while maintaining a solution-free environment on its exterior. We first leverage these qualities to investigate the photoactivated etching of single gold nanorods by ferric chloride, providing a method for rapid acquisition of spatial and morphological information about nanoparticles as they undergo chemical reactions. We then demonstrate the ability to control nanorod orientation within a microbubble through optically exerted torque, a promising route toward the construction of hybrid photonic-plasmonic systems. Critically, the reported platform advances microresonator spectrometer technology by permitting room-temperature, aqueous experimental conditions, which may be used for time-resolved single-particle experiments on non-emissive, nanoscale analytes engaged in catalytically and biologically relevant chemical dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi T. Hogan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Erik H. Horak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jonathan M. Ward
- Light-Matter
Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Kassandra A. Knapper
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Síle Nic Chormaic
- Light-Matter
Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Randall H. Goldsmith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- E-mail:
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33
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Zhan X, Zheng J, Zhao Y, Zhu B, Cheng R, Wang J, Liu J, Tang J, Tang J. From Strong Dichroic Nanomotor to Polarotactic Microswimmer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903329. [PMID: 31588643 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Light-driven micro/nanomotors are promising candidates for long-envisioned next-generation nanorobotics for targeted drug delivery, noninvasive surgery, nanofabrication, and beyond. To achieve these fantastic applications, effective control of the micro/nanomotor is essential. Light has been proved as the most versatile method for microswimmer manipulation, while the light propagation direction, intensity, and wavelength have been explored as controlling signals for light-responsive nanomotors. Here, the controlling method is expanded to the polarization state of the light, and a nanomotor with a significant dichroic ratio is demonstrated. Due to the anisotropic crystal structure, light polarized parallel to the Sb2 Se3 nanowires is preferentially absorbed. The core-shell Sb2 Se3 /ZnO nanomotor exhibits strong dichroic swimming behavior: the swimming speed is ≈3 times faster when illuminated with parallel polarized light than perpendicular polarized light. Furthermore, by incorporating two cross-aligned dichroic nanomotors, a polarotactic artificial microswimmer is achieved, which can be navigated by controlling the polarization direction of the incident light. Compared to the well-studied light-driven rotary motors based on optical tweezers, this dichroic microswimmer offers eight orders of magnitude light-intensity reduction, which may enable large-scale nanomanipulation as well as other heat-sensitive applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bairen Zhu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jizhuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiang Tang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jinyao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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34
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Tamura M, Omatsu T, Tokonami S, Iida T. Interparticle-Interaction-Mediated Anomalous Acceleration of Nanoparticles under Light-Field with Coupled Orbital and Spin Angular Momentum. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:4873-4878. [PMID: 31272154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spin-orbit interaction is a crucial issue in the field of nanoscale physics and chemistry. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that the spin angular momentum (SAM) can accelerate and decelerate the orbital motion of nanoparticles (NPs) via light-induced interparticle interactions by a circularly polarized optical vortex. The Laguerre-Gaussian beam as a conventional optical vortex with orbital angular momentum (OAM) induces the orbital and spinning motion of a trapped object depending on the spatial configuration. On the contrary, it is not clear whether circularly polarized light induces the orbital motion for the particles trapped off-axis. The present study reveals that the interparticle light-induced force due to the SAM enhances or weakens the orbital torque and modulates rotational dynamics depending on the number of NPs, where the rotation speed of NPs in the optical field with both positive SAM and OAM can be 4 times faster than that in the optical field with negative SAM and positive OAM. The obtained results will not only clarify the principle for the control of NPs based on OAM-SAM coupling via light-matter interaction but also contribute to the unconventional laser processing technique for nanostructures with various chiral symmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Tamura
- Graduate School of Science , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-2, Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8570 , Japan
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS) , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-2, Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8570 , Japan
| | - Takashige Omatsu
- Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33, Yayoicho , Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center , Chiba University , 1-33, Yayoicho , Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba , 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Shiho Tokonami
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS) , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-2, Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8570 , Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-2, Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8570 , Japan
| | - Takuya Iida
- Graduate School of Science , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-2, Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8570 , Japan
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS) , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-2, Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8570 , Japan
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35
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Tsesses S, Cohen K, Ostrovsky E, Gjonaj B, Bartal G. Spin-Orbit Interaction of Light in Plasmonic Lattices. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:4010-4016. [PMID: 31046293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light has been a driving force in the design of metamaterials, metasurfaces, and schemes for light-matter interaction. A hallmark of the spin-orbit interaction of light is the spin-based plasmonic effect, converting spin angular momentum of propagating light to near-field orbital angular momentum. Although this effect has been thoroughly investigated in circular symmetry, it has yet to be characterized in a noncircular geometry, where whirling, periodic plasmonic fields are expected. Using phase-resolved near-field microscopy, we experimentally demonstrate the SOI of circularly polarized light in nanostructures possessing dihedral symmetry. We show how interaction with hexagonal slits results in four topologically different plasmonic lattices, controlled by engineered boundary conditions, and reveal a cyclic nature of the spin-based plasmonic effect which does not exist for circular symmetry. Finally, we calculate the optical forces generated by the plasmonic lattices, predicting that light with mere spin angular momentum can exert torque on a multitude of particles in an ordered fashion to form an optical nanomotor array. Our findings may be of use in both biology and chemistry, as a means for simultaneous trapping, manipulation, and excitation of multiple objects, controlled by the polarization of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Tsesses
- Andrew and Erna Viterbi Department of Electrical Engineering , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , 3200003 Haifa , Israel
| | - Kobi Cohen
- Andrew and Erna Viterbi Department of Electrical Engineering , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , 3200003 Haifa , Israel
| | - Evgeny Ostrovsky
- Andrew and Erna Viterbi Department of Electrical Engineering , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , 3200003 Haifa , Israel
| | - Bergin Gjonaj
- Faculty of Medical Sciences , Albanian University , Durres St. , Tirana 1000 , Albania
| | - Guy Bartal
- Andrew and Erna Viterbi Department of Electrical Engineering , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , 3200003 Haifa , Israel
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36
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Nakato T, Higashi Y, Ishitobi W, Nagashita T, Tominaga M, Suzuki Y, Iwai T, Kawamata J. Microscope Observation of Morphology of Colloidally Dispersed Niobate Nanosheets Combined with Optical Trapping. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5568-5573. [PMID: 30942592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although inorganic nanosheets prepared by exfoliation (delamination) of layered crystals have attracted great attention as 2D nanoparticles, in situ real space observations of exfoliated nanosheets in the colloidally dispersed state have not been conducted. In the present study, colloidally dispersed inorganic nanosheets prepared by exfoliation of layered niobate are directly observed with bright-field optical microscopy, which detects large nanosheets with lateral length larger than several micrometers. The observed nanosheets are not strictly flat but rounded, undulated, or folded in many cases. Optical trapping of nanosheets by laser radiation pressure has clarified their uneven cross-sectional shapes. Their morphology is retained under the relation between Brownian motion and optical trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuki Higashi
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation , Yamaguchi University , 1677-1 Yoshida , Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8512 , Japan
| | | | - Takashi Nagashita
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation , Yamaguchi University , 1677-1 Yoshida , Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8512 , Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation , Yamaguchi University , 1677-1 Yoshida , Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8512 , Japan
| | - Yasutaka Suzuki
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation , Yamaguchi University , 1677-1 Yoshida , Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8512 , Japan
| | - Toshiaki Iwai
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering , Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , 2-24-16 Naka-cho , Koganei , Tokyo 184-8588 , Japan
| | - Jun Kawamata
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation , Yamaguchi University , 1677-1 Yoshida , Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8512 , Japan
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37
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Yifat Y, Coursault D, Peterson CW, Parker J, Bao Y, Gray SK, Rice SA, Scherer NF. Reactive optical matter: light-induced motility in electrodynamically asymmetric nanoscale scatterers. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2018; 7:105. [PMID: 30564311 PMCID: PMC6289991 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Yifat
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Delphine Coursault
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Present Address: Université Bordeaux, CNRS LOMA, UMR 5798, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Curtis W. Peterson
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - John Parker
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Ying Bao
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA
| | - Stephen K. Gray
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - Stuart A. Rice
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Norbert F. Scherer
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
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38
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Han F, Parker JA, Yifat Y, Peterson C, Gray SK, Scherer NF, Yan Z. Crossover from positive to negative optical torque in mesoscale optical matter. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4897. [PMID: 30459430 PMCID: PMC6244235 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The photons in circularly polarized light can transfer their quantized spin angular momentum to micro- and nanostructures via absorption and scattering. This normally exerts positive torque on the objects wher the sign (i.e., handedness or angular direction) follows that of the spin angular momentum. Here we show that the sign of the optical torque can be negative in mesoscopic optical matter arrays of metal nanoparticles (NPs) assembled in circularly polarized optical traps. Crossover from positive to negative optical torque, which occurs for arrays with different number, separation and configuration of the constituent particles, is shown to result from many-body interactions as clarified by electrodynamics simulations. Our results establish that both positive and negative optical torque can be readily realized and controlled in optical matter arrays. This property and reconfigurability of the arrays makes possible programmable materials for optomechanical, microrheological and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - John A Parker
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yuval Yifat
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Curtis Peterson
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Stephen K Gray
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Norbert F Scherer
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Zijie Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA.
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Andrén D, Karpinski P, Käll M. Construction and Operation of a Light-driven Gold Nanorod Rotary Motor System. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30010664 PMCID: PMC6102027 DOI: 10.3791/57947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility to generate and measure rotation and torque at the nanoscale is of fundamental interest to the study and application of biological and artificial nanomotors and may provide new routes towards single cell analysis, studies of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, and mechanical actuation of nanoscale systems. A facile way to drive rotation is to use focused circularly polarized laser light in optical tweezers. Using this approach, metallic nanoparticles can be operated as highly efficient scattering-driven rotary motors spinning at unprecedented rotation frequencies in water. In this protocol, we outline the construction and operation of circularly-polarized optical tweezers for nanoparticle rotation and describe the instrumentation needed for recording the Brownian dynamics and Rayleigh scattering of the trapped particle. The rotational motion and the scattering spectra provides independent information on the properties of the nanoparticle and its immediate environment. The experimental platform has proven useful as a nanoscopic gauge of viscosity and local temperature, for tracking morphological changes of nanorods and molecular coatings, and as a transducer and probe of photothermal and thermodynamic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology;
| | | | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology
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40
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Yoo D, Gurunatha KL, Choi HK, Mohr DA, Ertsgaard CT, Gordon R, Oh SH. Low-Power Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles and Proteins with Resonant Coaxial Nanoaperture Using 10 nm Gap. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3637-3642. [PMID: 29763566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present optical trapping with a 10 nm gap resonant coaxial nanoaperture in a gold film. Large arrays of 600 resonant plasmonic coaxial nanoaperture traps are produced on a single chip via atomic layer lithography with each aperture tuned to match a 785 nm laser source. We show that these single coaxial apertures can act as efficient nanotweezers with a sharp potential well, capable of trapping 30 nm polystyrene nanoparticles and streptavidin molecules with a laser power as low as 4.7 mW. Furthermore, the resonant coaxial nanoaperture enables real-time label-free detection of the trapping events via simple transmission measurements. Our fabrication technique is scalable and reproducible, since the critical nanogap dimension is defined by atomic layer deposition. Thus our platform shows significant potential to push the limit of optical trapping technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehan Yoo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Kargal L Gurunatha
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada
| | - Han-Kyu Choi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Daniel A Mohr
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Christopher T Ertsgaard
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Reuven Gordon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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41
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Coursault D, Sule N, Parker J, Bao Y, Scherer NF. Dynamics of the Optically Directed Assembly and Disassembly of Gold Nanoplatelet Arrays. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3391-3399. [PMID: 29717877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous progress in nanoscience now allows the creation of static nanostructured materials for a broad range of applications. A further goal is to achieve dynamic and reconfigurable nanostructures. One approach involves nanoparticle-based optical matter, but so far, studies have only considered spherical constituents. A nontrivial issue is that nanoparticles with other shapes are expected to have different local electromagnetic field distributions and interactions with neighbors in optical-matter arrays. Therefore, one would expect their dynamics to be different as well. This paper reports the directed assembly of ordered arrays of gold nanoplatelets in optical line traps, demonstrating the reconfigurability of the array by altering the phase gradient via holographic-beam shaping. The weaker gradient forces and resultant slower motion of the nanoplatelets, as compared with plasmonic (Ag and Au) nanospheres, allow the precise study of their assembly and disassembly dynamics. Both temporal and spatial correlations are detected between particles separated by distances of hundreds of nanometers to several microns. Electrodynamics simulations reveal the presence of multipolar plasmon modes that induce short-range (near-field) and longer-range electrodynamic (e.g., optical binding) interactions. These interactions and the interferences between mutipolar plamon modes cause both the strong correlations and the nonuniform dynamics observed. Our study demonstrates new opportunities for the generation of complex addressable optical matter and the creation of novel active optical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Coursault
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Nishant Sule
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - John Parker
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Ying Bao
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Western Washington University , Bellingham , Washington 98225 , United States
| | - Norbert F Scherer
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
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42
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Zhao A, Pham A, Jebali N, Drezet A. Spin-orbital angular momentum tomography of a chiral plasmonic lens using leakage radiation microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:1918-1921. [PMID: 29652398 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Based on the spin-dependent directional coupling of surface plasmons (SPs) by ∧-shaped antennas, ring-shaped structures built with such antennas have potential applications for optical tweezers and optical switch technology. In this Letter, we introduce an optical method for realizing a complete polarization tomography of coupled SP fields by such a chiral-planar structure. We use a far-field optical approach, namely leakage radiation microscopy (LRM), to map the SPs propagation and polarization. Here, we fully analyze the polarization state of the generated SPs inside the vortex lens structure. In addition, we provide a theoretical model which agrees well with the experimental results.
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43
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Huang WH, Li SF, Xu HT, Xiang ZX, Long YB, Deng HD. Tunable optical forces enhanced by plasmonic modes hybridization in optical trapping of gold nanorods with plasmonic nanocavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018. [PMID: 29529812 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.006202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The optomechanical interaction between a plasmonic nanocavity and a gold nanorod through optical forces is demonstrated. It is revealed that strong localized plasmon resonance mode hybridization induced by a gold nanorod results in the resonance mode of the nanocavity splitting into two different plasmon resonance modes (bonding plasmon resonance mode and antibonding plasmon resonance mode). When the whole system (gold nanorod and gold nanocavity) is excited at the antibonding plasmon mode, the gold nanorod can receive an optical pushing force and be pushed away from the gold nanocavity. On the other hand, an optical pulling force acts on the gold nanorod and the gold nanorod can be trapped by the gold nanocavity when the plasmonic tweezers work at the bonding mode. The optical pulling force acting on the gold nanorod can be enhanced by two orders of magnitude larger than that of the same sized dielectric nanorod, which benefits from the strong resonant nearfield interaction between the gold nanorod and the gold nanocavity. More importantly, the shape and the position of the optical potential can be tuned by tailoring the wavelength of the laser used in the optical trapping, which can be used to manipulate the gold nanorod within a nanoscale region. Our findings have important implications for optical trapping, manipulation, sorting, and sieving of plasmonic nanoparticles with plasmonic tweezers.
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44
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Abstract
Nanomechanical devices have attracted the interest of a growing interdisciplinary research community, since they can be used as highly sensitive transducers for various physical quantities. Exquisite control over these systems facilitates experiments on the foundations of physics. Here, we demonstrate that an optically trapped silicon nanorod, set into rotation at MHz frequencies, can be locked to an external clock, transducing the properties of the time standard to the rod’s motion with a remarkable frequency stability fr/Δfr of 7.7 × 1011. While the dynamics of this periodically driven rotor generally can be chaotic, we derive and verify that stable limit cycles exist over a surprisingly wide parameter range. This robustness should enable, in principle, measurements of external torques with sensitivities better than 0.25 zNm, even at room temperature. We show that in a dilute gas, real-time phase measurements on the locked nanorod transduce pressure values with a sensitivity of 0.3%. Nanomechanical sensors that rely on intrinsic resonance frequencies usually present a tradeoff between sensitivity and bandwidth. In this work, the authors realise an optically driven nanorotor featuring high frequency stability and tunability over a large frequency range.
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45
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Sule N, Yifat Y, Gray SK, Scherer NF. Rotation and Negative Torque in Electrodynamically Bound Nanoparticle Dimers. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6548-6556. [PMID: 28961013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We examine the formation and concomitant rotation of electrodynamically bound dimers (EBD) of 150 nm diameter Ag nanoparticles trapped in circularly polarized focused Gaussian beams. The rotation frequency of an EBD increases linearly with the incident beam power, reaching mean values of ∼4 kHz for relatively low incident powers of 14 mW. Using a coupled-dipole/effective polarizability model, we reveal that retardation of the scattered fields and electrodynamic interactions can lead to a "negative torque" causing rotation of the EBD in the direction opposite to that of the circular polarization. This intriguing opposite-handed rotation due to negative torque is clearly demonstrated using electrodynamics-Langevin dynamics simulations by changing particle separations and thus varying the retardation effects. Finally, negative torque is also demonstrated in experiments from statistical analysis of the EBD trajectories. These results demonstrate novel rotational dynamics of nanoparticles in optical matter using circular polarization and open a new avenue to control orientational dynamics through coupling to interparticle separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Sule
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago , 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yuval Yifat
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago , 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Stephen K Gray
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Norbert F Scherer
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago , 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago , 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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46
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Andrén D, Shao L, Odebo Länk N, Aćimović SS, Johansson P, Käll M. Probing Photothermal Effects on Optically Trapped Gold Nanorods by Simultaneous Plasmon Spectroscopy and Brownian Dynamics Analysis. ACS NANO 2017; 11:10053-10061. [PMID: 28872830 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic gold nanorods are prime candidates for a variety of biomedical, spectroscopy, data storage, and sensing applications. It was recently shown that gold nanorods optically trapped by a focused circularly polarized laser beam can function as extremely efficient nanoscopic rotary motors. The system holds promise for applications ranging from nanofluidic flow control and nanorobotics to biomolecular actuation and analysis. However, to fully exploit this potential, one needs to be able to control and understand heating effects associated with laser trapping. We investigated photothermal heating of individual rotating gold nanorods by simultaneously probing their localized surface plasmon resonance spectrum and rotational Brownian dynamics over extended periods of time. The data reveal an extremely slow nanoparticle reshaping process, involving migration of the order of a few hundred atoms per minute, for moderate laser powers and a trapping wavelength close to plasmon resonance. The plasmon spectroscopy and Brownian analysis allows for separate temperature estimates based on the refractive index and the viscosity of the water surrounding a trapped nanorod. We show that both measurements yield similar effective temperatures, which correspond to the actual temperature at a distance of the order 10-15 nm from the particle surface. Our results shed light on photothermal processes on the nanoscale and will be useful in evaluating the applicability and performance of nanorod motors and optically heated nanoparticles for a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lei Shao
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nils Odebo Länk
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Srdjan S Aćimović
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Johansson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University , S-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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47
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Descheemaeker L, Ginis V, Viaene S, Tassin P. Optical Force Enhancement Using an Imaginary Vector Potential for Photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:137402. [PMID: 29341706 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.137402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of optical forces has enabled a variety of technological applications that rely on the optical control of small objects and devices. Unfortunately, optical forces are still too small for the convenient actuation of integrated switches and waveguide couplers. Here we show how the optical gradient force can be enhanced by an order of magnitude by making use of gauge materials inside two evanescently coupled waveguides. To this end, the gauge materials inside the cores should emulate imaginary vector potentials for photons pointing perpendicularly to the waveguide plane. Depending on the relative orientation of the vector potentials in neighboring waveguides, i.e., pointing away from or towards each other, the conventional attractive force due to an even mode profile may be enhanced, suppressed, or may even become repulsive. This and other new features indicate that the implementation of complex-valued vector potentials with non-Hermitian waveguide cores may further enhance our control over mode profiles and the associated optical forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Descheemaeker
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Vincent Ginis
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Sophie Viaene
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Philippe Tassin
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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48
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Jalal MR, Fathollahi S. Computational study of optical force between two nanodistant plasmonic submicrowires. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2017; 34:1139-1145. [PMID: 29036123 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.34.001139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the optical force between two circular plasmonic wires of submicrometer diameter (0.3 μm) with nanometer surface-to-surface distances (3-30 nm) interacting with radiation of a complex point source (λ≈0.2 μm) is numerically studied. Calculations (which are based on the Müller integral equations and the Maxwell stress tensor) show that an attractive optical force with a number of distinct peaks is created in distances 3-10 nm. However, for plasmonic-dielectric and plasmonic-reflector double-wires, the optical force has no such peaks. Comparisons reveal that the peaks are originated from the excitation of coupled surface plasmon polaritons in the gap region between the plasmonic wires.
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49
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Ilic O, Kaminer I, Zhen B, Miller OD, Buljan H, Soljačić M. Topologically enabled optical nanomotors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1602738. [PMID: 28695194 PMCID: PMC5493414 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Shaping the topology of light, by way of spin or orbital angular momentum engineering, is a powerful tool to manipulate matter on the nanoscale. Conventionally, such methods focus on shaping the incident beam of light and not the full interaction between the light and the object to be manipulated. We theoretically show that tailoring the topology of the phase space of the light particle interaction is a fundamentally more versatile approach, enabling dynamics that may not be achievable by shaping of the light alone. In this manner, we find that optically asymmetric (Janus) particles can become stable nanoscale motors even in a light field with zero angular momentum. These precessing steady states arise from topologically protected anticrossing behavior of the vortices of the optical torque vector field. Furthermore, by varying the wavelength of the incident light, we can control the number, orientations, and the stability of the spinning states. These results show that the combination of phase-space topology and particle asymmetry can provide a powerful degree of freedom in designing nanoparticles for optimal external manipulation in a range of nano-optomechanical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ognjen Ilic
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ido Kaminer
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bo Zhen
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Physics Department and Solid State Institute, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Owen D. Miller
- Department of Applied Physics and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Hrvoje Buljan
- Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Soljačić
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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50
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Group-velocity-locked vector soliton molecules in fiber lasers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2369. [PMID: 28539623 PMCID: PMC5443802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02482-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Physics phenomena of multi-soliton complexes have enriched the life of dissipative solitons in fiber lasers. By developing a birefringence-enhanced fiber laser, we report the first experimental observation of group-velocity-locked vector soliton (GVLVS) molecules. The birefringence-enhanced fiber laser facilitates the generation of GVLVSs, where the two orthogonally polarized components are coupled together to form a multi-soliton complex. Moreover, the interaction of repulsive and attractive forces between multiple pulses binds the particle-like GVLVSs together in time domain to further form compound multi-soliton complexes, namely GVLVS molecules. By adopting the polarization-resolved measurement, we show that the two orthogonally polarized components of the GVLVS molecules are both soliton molecules supported by the strongly modulated spectral fringes and the double-humped intensity profiles. Additionally, GVLVS molecules with various soliton separations are also observed by adjusting the pump power and the polarization controller.
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