1
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Liu X, Jin Z, Qiu F, Guo Y, Chen Y, Sun Z, Zhang L. Hexabenzoheptacene: A Longitudinally Multihelicene Nanocarbon with Local Aromaticity and Enhanced Stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407547. [PMID: 38725308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a longitudinally helical molecular nanocarbon, hexabenzoheptacene (HBH), along with its dimethylated derivative (HBH-Me), which are composed of six benzene rings periodically benzannulated to both zigzag edges of a heptacene core. This benzannulation pattern endows the resulting nanocarbons with a helical heptacene core and local aromaticity, imparting enhanced solubility and stability to the system. The chiral HBH-Me adopts a more highly twisted conformation with an end-to-end twist angle of 95°, enabling the separation of the enantiomers. Both HBH and HBH-Me can be facilely oxidized into their corresponding dications, which exhibit enhanced planarity and aromaticity upon loss of electrons. Notably, both longitudinally helical nanocarbons readily promote solid state packing into two-dimensional (2D) arrangement. Single-crystal microbelts of HBH-Me show hole mobility up to 0.62 cm2 V-1 s-1, illustrating the promising potential of these longitudinally helical molecules for organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiong Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fei Qiu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Guo
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformation, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformation, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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2
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Dong S, Han Y, Gopalakrishna TY, Chi C. Bisindeno Fusion on the Zigzag Edge of Bis(benzooxa)-2,6-anthraquinodimethane: Effect on Diradical Character, Photostability, and Redox Properties. Org Lett 2024; 26:5380-5385. [PMID: 38885460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of the bis(benzooxa)-2,6-anthraquinodimethane (BAQ) derivative and its bisindeno fused analogue BIBAQ. We found bisindeno fusion on the quinoidal zigzag edge of BAQ results in decreased diradical character and corresponding increased photostability. Furthermore, BAQ could only be oxidized into its cationic species, while BIBAQ showed balanced redox properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Dong
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | | | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
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3
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Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. How to Stabilize Large Soluble (Hetero-)Acenes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16937-16949. [PMID: 38862130 PMCID: PMC11212629 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The higher acenes and azaacenes (>(aza)heptacenes) are fascinating, yet elusive materials. Their reactivity and sensitivity increases concomitantly with their size. In recent years, confinement techniques, that is isolation of acenes in matrices and on surfaces, has surpassed solution-based chemistry with respect to accessing the larger (hetero)acenes at the price of the accessibility of no more than a couple thousands of molecules. Isolating acenes in bulk quantities and in processable form is vital for applications in organic electronics as well as from a viewpoint from basic research. In this Perspective, we will discuss after a short historical outline their degradation pathways, and then will selectively highlight recent efforts in stabilizing soluble (aza)acenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Freudenberg
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Ludwig P, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Stabilization of Acenes: "Geländer"-Pentacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316902. [PMID: 38180106 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
We report soluble tetrakis-biphenylyl substituted pentacenes comprised of sp2 carbons and synthesized from pentacene-5,7,12,14-tetraone. Intramolecular Yamamoto coupling of two tetrakis(chlorobiphenylyl)pentacenes yields helical, doubly wrapped pentacenes, in which the quaterphenylene units solubilize the pentacenes and shield their central anthracene units to an unprecedented degree. The criss-cross-bridged pentacenes resist (photo)oxidation, Diels-Alder reactions and are much less reactive than TIPS-ethynylated pentacene. Extension of this concept might provide access to the larger acenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ludwig
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Zong W, Hippchen N, Zeitter N, Maier S, Ludwig P, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Stabilizing Azaheptacenes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5793-5798. [PMID: 38413006 PMCID: PMC10921409 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The symmetrical 7,16-diaza-6,8,15,17-tetrakis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)heptacene was obtained by a Pd-catalyzed reaction of a 2,3-diamino-1,4-diethynylanthracene with a 2,3-dibromo-1,4-diethynyl anthracene. Positioning the TIPS-ethynyl groups adjacent to the central ring suppresses dimerization via [4+4] cycloadditions and Diels-Alder reactions; the middle pyrazine ring renders this species stable to oxidation. A single crystal structure was obtained, and thin film transistors with μn = 0.042 cm2 V-1 s-1 were produced. Transposition of the alkynyl groups into the 5,8,15,18-positions with a quinoxaline unit in the center of the heptacene decreases the stability, as does the introduction of two more nitrogen atoms into the 5,18-positions. The hydrocarbon 6,8,15,17-tetrakis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)heptacene is reasonably stable with a half-life of 25 h in solution. Four correctly placed TIPS-ethynyl groups protect heptacene cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wansheng Zong
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nico Zeitter
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ludwig
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Zeitter N, Hippchen N, Weidlich A, Jäger P, Ludwig P, Rominger F, Dreuw A, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Hexakis-TIPS-Alkynylated Nonacenes: Persistent and Processible. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302323. [PMID: 37490332 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Four substituted nonacenes were prepared and characterized by UV-vis and EPR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The compounds are the most stable and soluble nonacenes to date - due to six strategically placed triisopropylsilyl(TIPS)-ethynyl groups. They are stable for several weeks in the solid state. In dilute solution their half-life is 5-9 h. Crystal structure analyses of two nonacenes prove their structures. A nonacene derivative was tested in a solution-processed transistor and exhibits ambipolar charge transport (μe =0.007 cm2 /Vs; μh =0.023 cm2 /Vs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Zeitter
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Weidlich
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Jäger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ludwig
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Sadowski B, Kaliszewska M, Clermont G, Poronik YM, Blanchard-Desce M, Piątkowski P, Gryko DT. Realization of nitroaromatic chromophores with intense two-photon brightness. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11708-11711. [PMID: 37700732 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03347c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Strong fluorescence is a general feature of dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones bearing two nitrophenyl substituents. Methyl groups simultaneously being weakly electron-donating and inducing steric hindrance appear to be a key structural parameter that allows for significant emission enhancement, whereas Et2N groups cause fluorescence quenching. The magnitude of two-photon absorption increases if 4-nitrophenyl substituents are present while the contribution of Et2N groups is detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, S. Banacha 2c, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Marzena Kaliszewska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw 02-089, Poland.
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, Talence F-33400, France.
| | - Yevgen M Poronik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland.
| | | | - Piotr Piątkowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw 02-089, Poland.
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland.
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8
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Han Y, Zhu J, Dong S, Eng Y, Tao T, Gopalakrishna TY, Chi C. Bisazapentalene Dication: Global Aromaticity and Open-Shell Singlet Ground State. Org Lett 2023; 25:3380-3385. [PMID: 37162270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Antiaromatic moieties fused in polycyclic π-conjugated molecules usually exhibit strong localized antiaromaticiy. Herein, we reported the synthesis and properties of a bisazapentalene dication (BAP2+) obtained from in situ two-electron oxidation of neutral species 8. Noteworthily, it possesses global aromaticity and an open-shell singlet ground state. This study underlines the importance of heteroatoms in determining the delocalization of π-electrons and the aromaticity of molecules in their oxidized states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shaoqiang Dong
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yijie Eng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Tao Tao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Tullimilli Y Gopalakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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9
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Impact of Di- and Poly-Radical Characters on the Relative
Energy of the Doubly Excited and La States of Linear Acenes and Cyclacenes. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear and cyclic acenes are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that can be viewed as building blocks of graphene nanoribbons and carbon nanotubes, respectively. While short linear acenes demonstrated remarkable efficiency in several optoelectronic applications, the longer members are unstable and difficult to synthesize as their cyclic counterparts. Recent progress in on-surface synthesis, a powerful tool to prepare highly reactive species, opens promising perspectives and motivates the computational investigations of these potentially functional molecules. Owing to their di- and poly-radical character, low-lying excited states dominated by doubly excited configurations are expected to become more important for longer members of both linear and cyclic molecules. In this work, we investigate the lowest-lying La and the doubly excited (DE) state of linear acenes and cyclacenes, with different computational approaches, to assess the influence of the di-/poly-radical characters (increasing with the molecular dimensions) on their relative order. We show that DFT/MRCI calculations correctly reproduce the crossing of the two states for longer linear acenes, while TDUDFT calculations fail to predict the correct excitation energy trend of the DE state. The study suggests a similarity in the excited electronic state pattern of long linear and cyclic acenes leading ultimately to a lowest lying dark DE state for both.
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10
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Huang YY, Wu B, Shi D, Liu D, Meng W, Ma J, Qin L, Li C, Zhang G, Zhang XS, Zhang D. A Heptacene Analogue Entailing a Quinoidal Benzodi[7]annulene (7/6/7 Ring) Core with a Tunable Configuration and Multiple Redox Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300990. [PMID: 36861376 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-benzenoid acenes containing heptagons have received increasing attention. We herein report a heptacene analogue containing a quinoidal benzodi[7]annulene core. Derivatives of this new non-benzenoid acene were obtained through an efficient synthetic strategy involving an Aldol condensation and a Diels-Alder reaction as key steps. The configuration of this heptacene analogue can be modulated from a wavy to a curved one by just varying the substituents from a (triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl group to a 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl (Trip) group. When mesityl (Mes) groups are linked to the heptagons, the resulting non-benzenoid acene displays polymorphism with a tunable configuration from a curved to a wavy one upon varying the crystallization conditions. In addition, this new non-benzenoid acene can be oxidized or reduced by NOSbF6 or KC8 to the respective radical cation or radical anion. Compared with the neutral acene, the radical anion shows a wavy configuration and the central hexagon becomes aromatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ying Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Botao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dandan Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlong Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liyuan Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guanxin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xi-Sha Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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11
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Maier S, Jester F, Hoffmann MT, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Dreuw A, Bunz UHF. A Stable Hexaazaoctacene Cruciform σ-Dimer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202710. [PMID: 35896771 PMCID: PMC9507379 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Buchwald-Hartwig coupling of a triisopropylsilyl (TIPS)-ethynylated dibromo-N,N'-dihydrotetraazapentacene with 1,4-bis(TIPS-ethynyl)-2,3-diaminonaphthalene furnishes a dihydrohexaazaoctacene. Its oxidation with MnO2 results in a 7,7'-bi(hexaazaoctacenyl). In addition to eight TIPS-ethynyl groups, the bioctacene motif protects the azaoctacene subunits. The biazaoctacenyl displays a τ1/2 of > 5 d in dilute solution under ambient conditions. In the crystalline state it is persistent for > 10 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Maier
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Fabian Jester
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Marvin T. Hoffmann
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches RechnenUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
- Physikalisch‐Chemisches InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches RechnenUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
- Physikalisch‐Chemisches InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
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12
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13
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Kueh W, Shi X, Phua TW, Kueh H, Liau YC, Chi C. π-Extended S-Heterocyclic Naphthoquinodimethane with Dual Diradical and Dipolar Character. Org Lett 2022; 24:5935-5940. [PMID: 35938992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 2,6-naphthoquinodimethane (2,6-NQDM) containing S-heterocyclic molecule 6-S was synthesized, and its dual open-shell diradical and dipolar characters were revealed via both experimental and theoretical studies. Unlike the shorter p-quinodimethane (p-QDM)-containing analogue 5-S, which possesses a closed-shell ground state (y0 = 0%) with small dipolar character, 6-S possesses enhanced dipolar character with a singlet diradical ground state (y0 = 23.3%) and a thermally accessible triplet excited state (ΔEST = -4.13 kcal/mol). Despite this, it displays good stability (t1/2 = 41days) under ambient air and light conditions due to its distinctive dipolar character and kinetic blocking of reactive sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Kueh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xueliang Shi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Teng Wei Phua
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Huilin Kueh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yuan Cheng Liau
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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14
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Ong A, Tao T, Jiang Q, Han Y, Ou Y, Huang KW, Chi C. Azulene‐Fused Acenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Ong
- National University of Singapore Asia Research Institute Department of Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Tao Tao
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Qing Jiang
- National University of Singapore Asia Research Institute Department of Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Yi Han
- National University of Singapore Asia Research Institute Department of Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Yaping Ou
- National University of Singapore Asia Research Institute Department of Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Science and Engineering SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Chunyan Chi
- National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore SINGAPORE
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15
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Zeitter N, Hippchen N, Maier S, Rominger F, Dreuw A, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Persistent Ambipolar Heptacenes and Their Redox Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200918. [PMID: 35377538 PMCID: PMC9324111 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Sixfold TIPS‐ethynylation combined with fourfold bromination of the armchair edges furnishes a long‐lived, soluble heptacene; π‐extension via Stille coupling accesses a persistent tetrabenzononacene. Both types of acenes were stabilized best by double TIPS‐ethynylation on every other benzene ring. Tetrabromoheptacene is an ambipolar transistor material (up to 0.036 cm2 V−1 s−1 n‐channel), which was corroborated by generation of its monoanion and monocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Zeitter
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM) Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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16
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Zeitter N, Hippchen N, Maier S, Rominger F, Dreuw A, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Stabile Ambipolare Heptacene und deren Redox‐Spezies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nico Zeitter
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
- Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM) Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Deutschland
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17
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Jousselin-Oba T, Mamada M, Wright K, Marrot J, Adachi C, Yassar A, Frigoli M. Synthesis, Aromaticity, and Application of peri-Pentacenopentacene: Localized Representation of Benzenoid Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202112794. [PMID: 34727416 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and optoelectronic properties of TIPS-peri-pentacenopentacene (TIPS-PPP), a vertical extension of TIPS-pentacene (TIPS-PEN) and a low-band-gap material with remarkable stability. We found the synthetic conditions to avoid the competition between 1,2- and 1,4-addition of lithium acetylide on the large aromatic dione. The high stability of TIPS-PPP is due to the peri-fusion which increases the aromaticity by generating two localized aromatic sextets that are flanked with 2 diene fragments, similar to two fused-anthracenes. Like TIPS-PEN, TIPS-PPP shows the archetypal 2D brickwall motif in crystals with a larger transfer integral and smaller reorganization energy. The high mobility of up to 1 cm2 V-1 s-1 was obtained in an organic field-effect transistor fabricated by a wet process. Also, TIPS-PPP was used as a near-infrared (NIR) emitter for NIR organic-light-emitting-diode devices resulting in a high external quantum efficiency at 800 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Jousselin-Oba
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, University Paris-Saclay, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Karen Wright
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, University Paris-Saclay, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Jérome Marrot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, University Paris-Saclay, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- LPICM, UMR CNRS 7647, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, University Paris-Saclay, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles Cedex, France
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18
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Jousselin‐Oba T, Mamada M, Wright K, Marrot J, Adachi C, Yassar A, Frigoli M. Synthesis, Aromaticity, and Application of
peri
‐Pentacenopentacene: Localized Representation of Benzenoid Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Jousselin‐Oba
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles UMR CNRS 8180 University Paris-Saclay 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Karen Wright
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles UMR CNRS 8180 University Paris-Saclay 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Jérome Marrot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles UMR CNRS 8180 University Paris-Saclay 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- LPICM, UMR CNRS 7647 Ecole Polytechnique 91128 Palaiseau Cedex France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles UMR CNRS 8180 University Paris-Saclay 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
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19
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Zhang L, Jin T, Guo Y, Martin AC, Sun K, Dudley GB, Yang J. Synthesis of gem-Dimethylcyclopentane-Fused Arenes with Various Topologies via TBD-Mediated Dehydro-Diels-Alder Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16716-16724. [PMID: 34709035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient methods for the synthesis of substituted polycyclic arenes with various topologies is in high demand due to their excellent electrical and optical properties. In this work, a series of gem-dimethylcyclopentane-fused arenes with more than ten topologies were synthesized via a 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD)-mediated dehydro-Diels-Alder reaction with moderate to good yields. The introduction of the near-planar gem-dimethylcyclopentane moiety not only impacts the molecular conjugative system but also regulates the intermolecular π-π interactions and crystal packing, which are critical for the photoelectric performance of arenes. The photophysical properties, molecular geometry, molecular packing of these compounds, and electrochemical properties were investigated by UV-vis absorption, fluorescence emission spectra, DFT calculations, single-crystal X-ray structure analysis, and cyclic voltammetry study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, 438West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, 438 West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Tengda Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, 438West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, 438 West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, 438West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, 438 West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - A C Martin
- Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Keju Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, 438West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, 438 West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Gregory B Dudley
- Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jingyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, 438West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, 438 West Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
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20
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Ito M, Sakai M, Ando N, Yamaguchi S. Electron-Deficient Heteroacenes that Contain Two Boron Atoms: Near-Infrared Fluorescence Based on a Push-Pull Effect*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21853-21859. [PMID: 34115434 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electron-deficient heteroacenes that contain two tricoordinate boron atoms in their acene skeletons and planarized phenyl ether moieties at their periphery were synthesized via the borylation of silicon-bridged precursors. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed quinoidal structures, which give rise to two-step reversible redox processes for both the reduction and oxidation. These compounds exhibit intense absorption and sharp fluorescence bands with vibronic structures in the near-infrared (NIR) region. These properties originate from the push-pull effect along the long axis of the molecule derived from the electron-donating ether moieties and the electron-accepting boron moieties. Of particular note is the NIR emission of the thienothiophene-centered heteroacene, which has a maximum at 952 nm with a narrow band width of 309 cm-1 in cyclohexane. A Franck-Condon analysis revealed the crucial role of the sterically less-hindered thienothiophene spacer in achieving this sharp emission band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Mika Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Naoki Ando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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21
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Ito M, Sakai M, Ando N, Yamaguchi S. Electron‐Deficient Heteroacenes that Contain Two Boron Atoms: Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Based on a Push–Pull Effect**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ito
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
| | - Mika Sakai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
| | - Naoki Ando
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8602 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University, Furo Chikusa Nagoya 464–8601 Japan
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22
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Kumaran S, Parthasarathy K. Rh(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative C-2 Coupling of N-Pyridinylindoles with Benzo[ b]thiophene 1,1-Dioxides via C-H Bond Activation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7987-7999. [PMID: 34096307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling of N-pyridinylindoles with benzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxides has been developed through directing-group-assisted C-H activation. This transformation constructs a new C-C bond from two inert C-H bonds in a one-pot reaction. The present reaction is compatible with various functional groups with respect to indoles and benzothiophene[b] 1,1-dioxides. Furthermore, the emission properties of synthesized compounds have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramani Kumaran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600025, India
| | - Kanniyappan Parthasarathy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600025, India
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23
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Ribar P, Valenta L, Šolomek T, Juríček M. Rules of Nucleophilic Additions to Zigzag Nanographene Diones*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13521-13528. [PMID: 33645878 PMCID: PMC8251702 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Nucleophilic addition of carbon-centered nucleophiles to nanographene ketones represents a valuable late-stage method for the functionalization of zigzag nanographenes, but its use is rare in the chemical literature. Using two model systems, non-Kekulé triangulene-4,8-dione and Kekulé anthanthrone, we identify unexpected regioselectivities and uncover the rules that govern these reactions. Considering the large number of nanographene ketones that have been reported since the pioneering work of Eric Clar, this method enables synthesis and exploration of hitherto unknown functionalized nanographenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ribar
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Leoš Valenta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
- Prievidza Chemical SocietyM. Hodžu 10/16971 01PrievidzaSlovak Republic
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BernFreiestrasse 33012BernSwitzerland
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
- Prievidza Chemical SocietyM. Hodžu 10/16971 01PrievidzaSlovak Republic
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24
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Ribar P, Valenta L, Šolomek T, Juríček M. Rules of Nucleophilic Additions to Zigzag Nanographene Diones**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ribar
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Leoš Valenta
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Prievidza Chemical Society M. Hodžu 10/16 971 01 Prievidza Slovak Republic
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
- Prievidza Chemical Society M. Hodžu 10/16 971 01 Prievidza Slovak Republic
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25
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Cheng Lee JJ, Dong S, Ong A, Han Y, Wu J, Chi C. A Tetraindeno-Fused Bis(anthraoxa)quinodimethane with Nine Consecutively Fused Six-Membered Rings. Org Lett 2021; 23:3027-3031. [PMID: 33819423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A tetraindeno-fused bis(anthraoxa)quinodimethane RBR with nine consecutively fused six-membered rings in a row was synthesized. Its structure was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis and NMR measurement. Compared with an unfused analogue ABA, the indeno fusion onto the zigzag edges not only enhanced the photostability but also dramatically tuned the electronic properties. Due to the existence of two rubicene units, RBR can also be readily reduced to form a radical anion and dianion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Joo Cheng Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore, 117543
| | - Shaoqiang Dong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore, 117543
| | - Albert Ong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore, 117543
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore, 117543
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore, 117543
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore, 117543
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26
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Tönshoff C, Bettinger HF. Pushing the Limits of Acene Chemistry: The Recent Surge of Large Acenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:3193-3212. [PMID: 33368683 PMCID: PMC7898397 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acenes, consisting of linearly fused benzene rings, are an important fundamental class of organic compounds with various applications. Hexacene is the largest acene that was synthesized and isolated in the 20th century. The next largest member of the acene family, heptacene, was observed in 2007 and since then significant progress in preparing acenes has been reported. Significantly larger acenes, up to undecacene, could be studied by means of low-temperature matrix isolation spectroscopy with in situ photolytic generation, and up to dodecacene by means of on-surface synthesis employing innovative precursors and highly defined crystalline metal surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The review summarizes recent experimental and theoretical advances in the area of acenes that give a significantly deeper insight into the fundamental properties and nature of the electronic structure of this fascinating class of organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tönshoff
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Holger F. Bettinger
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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27
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28
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Song S, Su J, Telychko M, Li J, Li G, Li Y, Su C, Wu J, Lu J. On-surface synthesis of graphene nanostructures with π-magnetism. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3238-3262. [PMID: 33481981 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanostructures (GNs) including graphene nanoribbons and nanoflakes have attracted tremendous interest in the field of chemistry and materials science due to their fascinating electronic, optical and magnetic properties. Among them, zigzag-edged GNs (ZGNs) with precisely-tunable π-magnetism hold great potential for applications in spintronics and quantum devices. To improve the stability and processability of ZGNs, substitutional groups are often introduced to protect the reactive edges in organic synthesis, which renders the study of their intrinsic properties difficult. In contrast to the conventional wet-chemistry method, on-surface bottom-up synthesis presents a promising approach for the fabrication of both unsubstituted ZGNs and functionalized ZGNs with atomic precision via surface-catalyzed transformation of rationally-designed precursors. The structural and spin-polarized electronic properties of these ZGNs can then be characterized with sub-molecular resolution by means of scanning probe microscopy techniques. This review aims to highlight recent advances in the on-surface synthesis and characterization of a diversity of ZGNs with π-magnetism. We also discuss the important role of precursor design and reaction stimuli in the on-surface synthesis of ZGNs and their π-magnetism origin. Finally, we will highlight the existing challenges and future perspective surrounding the synthesis of novel open-shell ZGNs towards next-generation quantum technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotang Song
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shen Zhen, 518060, China.
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29
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Han Y, Dong S, Shao J, Fan W, Chi C. Synthesis of a Sidewall Fragment of a (12,0) Carbon Nanotube. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2658-2662. [PMID: 33047813 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a carbon nanobelt (CNB) is a very challenging task in organic chemistry. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of an octabenzo[12]cyclacene based CNB (6), which can be regarded as a sidewall fragment of a (12,0) carbon nanotube. The key intermediate compound, a tetraepoxy nanobelt (5), was first synthesized by Diels-Alder reaction, and subsequent reductive aromatization gave the fully conjugated CNB 6. X-ray crystallographic analysis unambiguously confirmed the belt-shaped structure of 6. 1 H NMR spectrum and theoretical calculations (ACID, NICS, and 2D/3D ICSS) revealed localized aromaticity and stronger shielding chemical environment in the inner region of the belt. The optical properties (absorption and emission) of 6 were studied and correlated to its electronic structure. Strain analysis indicates that the phenyl substituents at the zigzag edges are crucial to the successful synthesis of 6. This report presents a new strategy towards highly strained CNBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shaoqiang Dong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiawei Shao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
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30
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Han Y, Dong S, Shao J, Fan W, Chi C. Synthesis of a Sidewall Fragment of a (12,0) Carbon Nanotube. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Shaoqiang Dong
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jiawei Shao
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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31
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Mamada M, Nakamura R, Adachi C. Synthesis, crystal structure and charge transport characteristics of stable peri-tetracene analogues. Chem Sci 2020; 12:552-558. [PMID: 34163785 PMCID: PMC8178977 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04699j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
peri-Acenes have shown great potential for use as functional materials because of their open-shell singlet biradical character. However, only a limited number of peri-acene derivatives larger than peri-tetracene have been synthesized to date, presumably owing to the low stability of the target compounds in addition to the complicated synthesis scheme. Here, a very simple synthesis route for the tetrabenzo[a,f,j,o]perylene (TBP) structure enables the development of highly stable peri-tetracene analogues. Despite a high degree of singlet biradical character, the compounds with four substituents at the zigzag edge show a remarkable stability in solution under ambient conditions, which is better than that of acene derivatives with a closed-shell electronic configuration. The crystal structures of the TBP derivatives were obtained for the first time; these are valuable to understand the relationship between the structure and biradical character of peri-acenes. The application of peri-acenes in electronic devices should also be investigated. Therefore, the semiconducting properties of the TBP derivative were investigated by fabricating the field-effect transistors. Highly stable peri-tetracene analogues with a high degree of singlet biradical character were synthesized in a very simple route, and their crystal structures and semiconducting properties were investigated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan .,JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan.,Academia-Industry Molecular Systems for Devices Research and Education Center (AIMS), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Ryota Nakamura
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan .,JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan .,JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan.,Academia-Industry Molecular Systems for Devices Research and Education Center (AIMS), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan.,International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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32
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Jousselin-Oba T, Mamada M, Okazawa A, Marrot J, Ishida T, Adachi C, Yassar A, Frigoli M. Modulating the ground state, stability and charge transport in OFETs of biradicaloid hexahydro-diindenopyrene derivatives and a proposed method to estimate the biradical character. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12194-12205. [PMID: 34094431 PMCID: PMC8162832 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04583g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biradicaloid compounds with an open-shell ground state have been the subject of intense research in the past decade. Although diindenoacenes are one of the most developed families, only a few examples have been reported as active layers in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with a charge mobility of around 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 due to a steric disadvantage of the mesityl group to kinetically stabilize compounds. Herein, we disclose our efforts to improve the charge transport of the diindenoacene family based on hexahydro-diindenopyrene (HDIP) derivatives with different annelation modes for which the most reactive position has been functionalized with (triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl (TIPS) groups. All the HDIP derivatives show remarkably higher stability than that of TIPS-pentacene, enduring for 2 days to more than 30 days, which depends on the oxidation potential, the contribution of the singlet biradical form in the ground state and the annelation mode. The annelation mode affects not only the band gap and the biradical character (y 0) but also the value of the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔE S-T) that does not follow the reverse trend of y 0. A method based on comparison between experimental and theoretical bond lengths has been disclosed to estimate y 0 and shows that y 0 computed at the projected unrestricted Hartree-Fock (PUHF) level is the most relevant among those reported by all other methods. Thanks to their high stability, thin-film OFETs were successfully fabricated. Well balanced ambipolar transport was obtained in the order of 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 in the bottom-gate/top-contact configuration, and unipolar transport in the top-gate/bottom-contact configuration was obtained in the order of 10-1 cm2 V-1 s-1 which is the highest value obtained for biradical compounds with a diindenoacene skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Jousselin-Oba
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), JST ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, Academia-Industry Molecular Systems for Devices Research and Education Center, Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Atsushi Okazawa
- Division of Chemistry, Institute of Liberal Education, Nihon University School of Medicine Itabashi Tokyo 173-8610 Japan
| | - Jérome Marrot
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Takayuki Ishida
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Electro-Communications Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), JST ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, Academia-Industry Molecular Systems for Devices Research and Education Center, Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, LPICM, CNRS route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France
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33
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Chen W, Yu F, Xu Q, Zhou G, Zhang Q. Recent Progress in High Linearly Fused Polycyclic Conjugated Hydrocarbons (PCHs, n > 6) with Well-Defined Structures. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903766. [PMID: 32596114 PMCID: PMC7312318 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons (PCHs) and their analogues have gained great progress in the fields of organic photoelectronic materials, the in-depth study on present PCHs is still limited to hexacene or below because longer PCHs are insoluble, unstable, and tediously synthesized. Very recently, various strategies including on-surface synthesis are developed to address these issues and many higher novel PCHs are constructed. Therefore, it is necessary to review these advances. Here, the recent synthetic approach, basic physicochemical properties, single-crystal packing behaviors, and potential applications of the linearly fused PCHs (higher than hexacene), including acenes or π-extended acenes with fused six-membered benzenoid rings and other four-membered, five-membered or even seven-membered and eight-membered fused compounds, are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangqiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper DisplaysNational Center for International Research on Green OptoelectronicsSouth China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Qun Xu
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper DisplaysNational Center for International Research on Green OptoelectronicsSouth China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
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34
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Müller M, Maier S, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Tetrabenzononacene: "Butterfly Wings" Stabilize the Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:1966-1969. [PMID: 31724294 PMCID: PMC7004125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In combination with bulky substituents at the core, fourfold benzannulation at the cata‐positions stabilizes a nonacene sufficiently to allow its isolation and characterization by 1H NMR and X‐ray analysis. The four benzo units blueshift the absorption spectrum in comparison to a solely linear nonacene, but significantly increase the stability in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Straße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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35
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Müller M, Maier S, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Tetrabenzononacene: “Butterfly Wings” Stabilize the Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- InnovationLab Speyerer Straße 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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36
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Jousselin-Oba T, Mamada M, Marrot J, Maignan A, Adachi C, Yassar A, Frigoli M. Excellent Semiconductors Based on Tetracenotetracene and Pentacenopentacene: From Stable Closed-Shell to Singlet Open-Shell. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9373-9381. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Jousselin-Oba
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), JST ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, and Education Center for Global Leaders in Molecular System for Devices, Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jérôme Marrot
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Antoine Maignan
- UMR CNRS 6508, Normandie Université, CRISMAT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), JST ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, and Education Center for Global Leaders in Molecular System for Devices, Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Abderrahim Yassar
- UMR CNRS 7647, LPICM-École Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Michel Frigoli
- UMR CNRS 8180, UVSQ, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
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37
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Chen Y, Kueh H, Gopalakrishna TY, Dong S, Han Y, Chi C. Sulfur-Containing, Quinodimethane-Embedded Acene Analogue with Nine Consecutively Fused Six-Membered Rings. Org Lett 2019; 21:3127-3130. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Huilin Kueh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | | | - Shaoqiang Dong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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38
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Photochemistry of various acene based molecules. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Yang W, Monteiro JHSK, de Bettencourt‐Dias A, Catalano VJ, Chalifoux WA. Synthesis, Structure, Photophysical Properties, and Photostability of Benzodipyrenes. Chemistry 2018; 25:1441-1445. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia St. Reno NV 89557 USA
| | | | | | - Vincent J. Catalano
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia St. Reno NV 89557 USA
| | - Wesley A. Chalifoux
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia St. Reno NV 89557 USA
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40
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Jiang Q, Tao T, Phan H, Han Y, Gopalakrishna TY, Herng TS, Li G, Yuan L, Ding J, Chi C. Diazuleno‐
s
‐indacene Diradicaloids: Syntheses, Properties, and Local (anti)Aromaticity Shift from Neutral to Dicationic State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jiang
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
- School of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 P. R. China
| | - Hoa Phan
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Guangwu Li
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Liu Yuan
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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41
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Dong S, Gopalakrishna TY, Han Y, Phan H, Tao T, Ni Y, Liu G, Chi C. Extended Bis(anthraoxa)quinodimethanes with Nine and Ten Consecutively Fused Six-Membered Rings: Neutral Diradicaloids and Charged Diradical Dianions/Dications. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:62-66. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Dong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tullimilli Y. Gopalakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
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42
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Jiang Q, Tao T, Phan H, Han Y, Gopalakrishna TY, Herng TS, Li G, Yuan L, Ding J, Chi C. Diazuleno-s-indacene Diradicaloids: Syntheses, Properties, and Local (anti)Aromaticity Shift from Neutral to Dicationic State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16737-16741. [PMID: 30311991 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Non-alternant, non-benzenoid π-conjugated polycyclic hydrocarbons (PHs) are expected to exhibit very different electronic properties from all-benzenoid PHs. Reported herein are the syntheses and physical properties of four derivatives of two azulene-fused s-indacene isomers, the diazuleno[2,1-a:2',1'-g]-s-indacene (DAI-1) and diazuleno[2,1-a:1',2'-h]-s-indacene (DAI-2). The backbone of both isomers contains 28π electrons and is a 7-5-5-6-5-5-7 fused ring system. X-ray crystallographic analysis, NMR spectra, and theoretical calculations (ACID, NICS) reveal a structure with two aromatic azulene units fused with a central anti-aromatic s-indacene moiety. All compounds exhibit open-shell diradical character and are magnetically active, but the derivatives of DAI-2 show larger radical character than the respective ones of DAI-1. Their dications were isolated in crystalline form and all experimental and theoretical analyses disclose a shift of local (anti)aromaticity along the backbone, with two aromatic tropylium rings at the termini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, P. R. China
| | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tullimilli Y Gopalakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guangwu Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
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43
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Karunakaran J, Manikandan P, Sathish M, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthesis of Thiophene S,S
-dioxide Based Acenes via Diels-Alder Reaction of Isobenzofurans with Benzothiophene S,S
-dioxides. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandran Karunakaran
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras; Guindy Campus; Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Palani Manikandan
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras; Guindy Campus; Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Murugan Sathish
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras; Guindy Campus; Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu India
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44
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Ni Y, Gopalakrishna TY, Phan H, Herng TS, Wu S, Han Y, Ding J, Wu J. A Peri-tetracene Diradicaloid: Synthesis and Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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45
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Ni Y, Gopalakrishna TY, Phan H, Herng TS, Wu S, Han Y, Ding J, Wu J. A Peri-tetracene Diradicaloid: Synthesis and Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9697-9701. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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46
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Abstract
Singlet fission is a photophysical reaction in which a singlet excited electronic state splits into two spin-triplet states. Singlet fission was discovered more than 50 years ago, but the interest in this process has gained a lot of momentum in the past decade due to its potential as a way to boost solar cell efficiencies. This review presents and discusses the most recent advances with respect to the theoretical and computational studies on the singlet fission phenomenon. The work revisits important aspects regarding electronic states involved in the process, the evaluation of fission rates and interstate couplings, the study of the excited state dynamics in singlet fission, and the advances in the design and characterization of singlet fission compounds and materials such as molecular dimers, polymers, or extended structures. Finally, the review tries to pinpoint some aspects that need further improvement and proposes future lines of research for theoretical and computational chemists and physicists in order to further push the understanding and applicability of singlet fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Casanova
- Kimika Fakultatea , Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) , P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia , Euskadi, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque, Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Euskadi, Spain
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47
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Jin P, Song T, Xiao J, Zhang Q. Recent Progress in Using Pyrene-4,5-diketones and Pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraketones as Building Blocks to Construct Large Acenes and Heteroacenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Jin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Tingting Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Jinchong Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technology University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637371 Singapore
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48
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Karunakaran J, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthesis of Benzo[k
]fluoranthene Derivatives through Diels-Alder Reaction of 1,3-Diarylbenzo[c
]furans. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandran Karunakaran
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras; Guindy Campus 600025 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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49
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A Four-Step Synthesis of Substituted 5,11-Dicyano-6,12-diaryltetracenes with Enhanced Stability and High Fluorescence Emission. Chemistry 2017; 24:159-168. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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50
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Sankar E, Karunakaran J, Dhivyapirabha L, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthesis of Indeno[b]indole and Naphtho[a]carbazole Derivatives Involving Diels-Alder Reaction of Isobenzofurans. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elumalai Sankar
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras, Guindy Campus; Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Jayachandran Karunakaran
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras, Guindy Campus; Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Loganathan Dhivyapirabha
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras, Guindy Campus; Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu India
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