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Xu K, Ji S, Huang J, Yin L, Zhang J, Sun R, Pu Y. ZMAT3 participated in benzene-caused disruption in self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells via TNF-α/NF-κB pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 190:114838. [PMID: 38914192 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Benzene is a common environmental and occupational pollutant, benzene exposure causes damage to hematopoietic system. ZMAT3 is a zinc finger protein which has important biological functions. In this study, benzene-exposed mouse model and ZMAT3 overexpression and low expression hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) models were constructed to explore the mechanism of ZMAT3 in benzene-induced hematopoietic toxicity. The results showed that benzene increased the expression of ZMAT3 in mouse bone marrow (BM) cells, HSCs and peripheral blood (PB) leukocyte, and the changes in HSCs were more sensitive than BM and PB cells. In addition, overexpression of ZMAT3 decreased the self-renewal ability of HSCs and reduced the HSCs differentiation into myeloid hematopoietic cells, while low expression has the opposite effect. Besides, over and low expression of ZMAT3 both increased the HSCs differentiation into lymphoid progenitor cells. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis suggested that ZMAT3 was associated with TNF-α signaling pathway, and the correlation was confirmed in mouse model. Meanwhile, the results indicated that ZMAT3 promoted TNF-α mRNA processing by binding to the ARE structural domain on TNF-α and interacting with hnRNP A2/B1 and hnRNP A1 proteins, ultimately activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. This study provides a new mechanism for the study of benzene toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shuangbin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Zhang Z, Shi W, Ru L, Lv W. Biomarkers of occupational benzene exposure: A Systematic Review to estimate the exposure levels and individual susceptibility at low doses. Toxicol Ind Health 2024:7482337241259053. [PMID: 38864232 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241259053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Benzene is associated with diverse occupational and public health hazards. It exhibits an ability to rapidly permeate the skin and contaminate water and food sources, leading to dermal and ingestion exposures. Despite numerous studies examining the associations between benzene and various indicators of harm, the findings have yielded inconsistent results. Furthermore, relying solely on air concentration as a measure of benzene exposure is limited, as it fails to account for internal exposure dose and individual susceptibility. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive review in order to present current knowledge on benzene biomarkers and their significance in evaluating exposure levels and associated health hazards. The search methodology adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and involved the application of specific inclusion and exclusion criteria across multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Two researchers independently extracted and evaluated the relevant data based on predetermined criteria. Following the screening process, a total of 80 articles were considered eligible out of the initially retrieved 1053 articles after undergoing screening and assessment for inclusion. As the level of exposure decreased, specific biomarkers demonstrated a gradual increase in limitations, including heightened background concentrations and vulnerability to confounding factors. The advancement of sampling and analysis techniques will yield new biomarkers. Additionally, when conducting practical work, it is crucial to employ a comprehensive utilization of diverse biomarkers while excluding individual metabolic variations and combined exposure factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenmin Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihua Ru
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Lv Y, Ma X, Liu Q, Long Z, Li S, Tan Z, Wang D, Xing X, Chen L, Chen W, Wang Q, Wei Q, Hou M, Xiao Y. c-Jun targets miR-451a to regulate HQ-induced inhibition of erythroid differentiation via the BATF/SETD5/ARHGEF3 axis. Toxicology 2024; 505:153843. [PMID: 38801936 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Benzene, a widely used industrial chemical, has been clarified to cause hematotoxicity. Our previous study suggested that miR-451a may play a role in benzene-induced impairment of erythroid differentiation. However, the mechanism underlying remains unclear. In this study, we explored the role of miR-451a and its underlying mechanisms in hydroquinone (HQ)-induced suppression of erythroid differentiation in K562 cells. 0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 50 μM HQ treatment of K562 cells resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of erythroid differentiation, as well as the expression of miR-451a. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict potential target genes of miR-451a and dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-451a can directly bind to the 3'-UTR regions of BATF, SETD5, and ARHGEF3 mRNAs. We further demonstrated that over-expression or down-regulation of miR-451a altered the expression of BATF, SETD5, and ARHGEF3, and also modified erythroid differentiation. In addition, BATF, SETD5, and ARHGEF3 were verified to play a role in HQ-induced inhibition of erythroid differentiation in this study. Knockdown of SETD5 and ARHGEF3 reversed HQ-induced suppression of erythroid differentiation while knockdown of BATF had the opposite effect. On the other hand, we also identified c-Jun as a potential transcriptional regulator of miR-451a. Forced expression of c-Jun increased miR-451a expression and reversed the inhibition of erythroid differentiation induced by HQ, whereas knockdown of c-Jun had the opposite effect. And the binding site of c-Jun and miR-451a was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Collectively, our findings indicate that miR-451a and its downstream targets BATF, SETD5, and ARHGEF3 are involved in HQ-induced erythroid differentiation disorder, and c-Jun regulates miR-451a as a transcriptional regulator in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Lv
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoju Ma
- Department of Hospital Acquired Infection Control and Public Health Management, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 517108, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zihao Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuangqi Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhaoqing Tan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengjun Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Zahed MA, Salehi S, Khoei MA, Esmaeili P, Mohajeri L. Risk assessment of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl benzene, and Xylene (BTEX) in the atmospheric air around the world: A review. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 98:105825. [PMID: 38615724 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds, such as BTEX, have been the subject of numerous debates due to their detrimental effects on the environment and human health. Human beings have had a significant role in the emergence of this situation. Even though US EPA, WHO, and other health-related organizations have set standard limits as unhazardous levels, it has been observed that within or even below these limits, constant exposure to these toxic chemicals results in negative consequences as well. According to these facts, various studies have been carried out all over the world - 160 of which are collected within this review article, so that experts and governors may come up with effective solutions to manage and control these toxic chemicals. The outcome of this study will serve the society to evaluate and handle the risks of being exposed to BTEX. In this review article, the attempt was to collect the most accessible studies relevant to risk assessment of BTEX in the atmosphere, and for the article to contain least bias, it was reviewed and re-evaluated by all authors, who are from different institutions and backgrounds, so that the insights of the article remain unbiased. There may be some limitations to consistency or precision in some points due to the original sources, however the attempt was to minimize them as much as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samira Salehi
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment, Petropars Company, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahtab Akbarzadeh Khoei
- Department of Fiber and Particle Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pedram Esmaeili
- Department of Fiber and Particle Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leila Mohajeri
- Department of HSE, Ostovan Kish Drilling Company (OKDC), No. 148, Dastgerdi Street (Zafar), Tehran, Iran
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Cox LA, Thompson WJ, Mundt KA. Interventional probability of causation (IPoC) with epidemiological and partial mechanistic evidence: benzene vs. formaldehyde and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:252-289. [PMID: 38753561 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2337435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Causal epidemiology for regulatory risk analysis seeks to evaluate how removing or reducing exposures would change disease occurrence rates. We define interventional probability of causation (IPoC) as the change in probability of a disease (or other harm) occurring over a lifetime or other specified time interval that would be caused by a specified change in exposure, as predicted by a fully specified causal model. We define the closely related concept of causal assigned share (CAS) as the predicted fraction of disease risk that would be removed or prevented by a specified reduction in exposure, holding other variables fixed. Traditional approaches used to evaluate the preventable risk implications of epidemiological associations, including population attributable fraction (PAF) and the Bradford Hill considerations, cannot reveal whether removing a risk factor would reduce disease incidence. We argue that modern formal causal models coupled with causal artificial intelligence (CAI) and realistically partial and imperfect knowledge of underlying disease mechanisms, show great promise for determining and quantifying IPoC and CAS for exposures and diseases of practical interest. METHODS We briefly review key CAI concepts and terms and then apply them to define IPoC and CAS. We present steps to quantify IPoC using a fully specified causal Bayesian network (BN) model. Useful bounds for quantitative IPoC and CAS calculations are derived for a two-stage clonal expansion (TSCE) model for carcinogenesis and illustrated by applying them to benzene and formaldehyde based on available epidemiological and partial mechanistic evidence. RESULTS Causal BN models for benzene and risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) incorporating mechanistic, toxicological and epidemiological findings show that prolonged high-intensity exposure to benzene can increase risk of AML (IPoC of up to 7e-5, CAS of up to 54%). By contrast, no causal pathway leading from formaldehyde exposure to increased risk of AML was identified, consistent with much previous mechanistic, toxicological and epidemiological evidence; therefore, the IPoC and CAS for formaldehyde-induced AML are likely to be zero. CONCLUSION We conclude that the IPoC approach can differentiate between likely and unlikely causal factors and can provide useful upper bounds for IPoC and CAS for some exposures and diseases of practical importance. For causal factors, IPoC can help to estimate the quantitative impacts on health risks of reducing exposures, even in situations where mechanistic evidence is realistically incomplete and individual-level exposure-response parameters are uncertain. This illustrates the strength that can be gained for causal inference by using causal models to generate testable hypotheses and then obtaining toxicological data to test the hypotheses implied by the models-and, where necessary, refine the models. This virtuous cycle provides additional insight into causal determinations that may not be available from weight-of-evidence considerations alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis A Cox
- Cox Associates and University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Kenneth A Mundt
- Independent Consultants in Epidemiology, Amherst, MA, USA
- Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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Zhang Q, Lu F, Zhang C, Yu X, Yang X, Yan H. Blocking exosomal secretion aggravated 1,4-benzoquinone-induced cytotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1099-1106. [PMID: 37818967 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzene exposure inhibits the hematopoietic system and leads to the occurrence of various types of leukemia. However, the mechanism underlying the hematotoxicity of benzene is still largely unclear. Emerging evidence has shown that exosomes are involved in toxic mechanisms of benzene. To understand the effect of 1,4-benzoquinone (PBQ; an active metabolite of benzene in bone marrow) on the exosomal release characteristics and role of exosomal secretion in PBQ-induced cytotoxicity. Exosomes were isolated from PBQ-treated HL-60 cells, purified by ultracentrifugation, and verified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and the presence of specific biomarkers. Our results showed that PBQ increased exosomal secretion in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a peak in 3 h at 10 μM PBQ treatment and then slowly decreasing in HL-60 cells. The exosomes contained miRNAs, which have been reported to be associated with benzene exposure or benzene poisoning. In particular, mir-34a-3p and mir-34A-5p were enriched in exosomes derived from PBQ-treated cells. In addition, the inhibition of exosomal release by GW4869 (an inhibitor of exosomal release) exacerbated PBQ-induced cytotoxicity, including increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the apoptosis rate. Our findings illustrated that exosomes secretion plays an important role in antagonizing PBQ-induced cytotoxicity and maintaining cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, Shandong Xiandai University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyuan Yu
- Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jimo City, Jimo, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjun Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
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Fabiani E, Cristiano A, Hajrullaj H, Falconi G, Leone G, Voso M. Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms: Predisposition and Clonal Evolution. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2023; 15:e2023064. [PMID: 38028397 PMCID: PMC10631709 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2023.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy-related Myeloid Neoplasm (t-MN) represents one of the worst long-term consequences of cytotoxic therapy for primary tumors and autoimmune disease. Poor survival and refractoriness to current treatment strategies characterize affected patients from a clinical point of view. In our aging societies, where newer therapies and ameliorated cancer management protocols are improving the life expectancy of cancer patients, therapy-related Myeloid Neoplasms are an emerging problem. Although several research groups have contributed to characterizing the main risk factors in t-MN development, the multiplicity of primary tumors, in association with the different therapeutic strategies available and the new drugs in development, make interpreting the current data still complex. The main risk factors involved in t-MN pathogenesis can be subgrouped into patient-specific, inherited, and acquired predispositions. Although t-MN can occur at any age, the risk tends to increase with advancing age, and older patients, characterized by a higher number of comorbidities, are more likely to develop the disease. Thanks to the availability of deep sequencing techniques, germline variants have been reported in 15-20% of t-MN patients, highlighting their role in cancer predisposition. It is becoming increasingly evident that t-MN with driver gene mutations may arise in the background of Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential (CHIP) under the positive selective pressure of chemo and/or radiation therapies. Although CHIP is generally considered benign, it has been associated with an increased risk of t-MN. In this context, the phenomenon of clonal evolution may be described as a dynamic process of expansion of preexisting clones, with or without acquisition of additional genetic alterations, that, by favoring the proliferation of more aggressive and/or resistant clones, may play a crucial role in the progression from preleukemic states to t-MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Cristiano
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - H. Hajrullaj
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Falconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Leone
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - M.T. Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Dewi R, Yusoff NA, Abdul Razak SR, Abd Hamid Z. Analysis of self-renewing and differentiation-related microRNAs and transcription factors in multilineage mouse hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells induced by 1,4-benzoquinone. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15608. [PMID: 37456886 PMCID: PMC10340113 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background HSPCs are targets for benzene-induced hematotoxicity and leukemogenesis. However, benzene toxicity targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors (TF) that are involve in regulating self-renewing and differentiation of HSPCs comprising of different hematopoietic lineages remains poorly understood. In this study, the effect of a benzene metabolite, 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) exposure, in HSPCs focusing on the self-renewing (miRNAs: miR-196b and miR-29a; TF: HoxB4, Bmi-1) and differentiation (miRNAs: miR-181a, TF: GATA3) pathways were investigated. Methods Freshly isolated mouse BM cells were initially exposed to 1,4-BQ at 1.25 to 5 µM for 24 h, followed by miRNAs and TF studies in BM cells. Then, the miRNAs expression was further evaluated in HSPCs of different lineages comprised of myeloid, erythroid and pre-B lymphoid progenitors following 7-14 days of colony forming unit (CFU) assay. Results Exposure to 1,4-BQ in BM cells significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the miR-196b (2.5 and 5 µM), miR-181a (1.25, 2.5 and 5 µM) and miR-29a (1.25 µM) along with upregulation of miR-29a at 2.5 µM. Meanwhile, 1,4-BQ exposure in HSPCs significantly increased the miR-196b expression level (p < 0.05) only in myeloid and pre-B lymphoid progenitors at 2.5 and 5 µM. Significant (p < 0.05) reduction in expression of miR-181a in myeloid (1.25 µM), erythroid (5 µM) progenitors along with miR-29a in myeloid (1.25 µM) and pre-B lymphoid (5 µM) progenitors were noted following exposure to 1,4-BQ. Meanwhile, increased expression of miR-181a was observed in pre-B lymphoid progenitor upon exposure to 1,4-BQ, but only at 5 µM. As for TF studies, expression of HoxB4 protein was significantly increased (p < 0.05) at all 1,4-BQ concentrations as compared to Bmi-1 and GATA3, which were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated starting at 2.5 µM of 1,4-BQ. Conclusion 1,4-BQ induces aberration of miRNAs and transcription factors protein expression that are involved in regulating self-renewing and differentiation pathways of HSPCs. Moreover, epigenetic toxicity as evidenced from the miRNAs expression was found to be mediated by a lineage-driven mechanism. The role of cell lineage in governing the toxicity of 1,4-BQ in HSPCs lineages deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Dewi
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre of Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Afizah Yusoff
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre of Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Razila Abdul Razak
- Oncological and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre of Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Jia K, Xiong H, Yuan W, Huang L, Xu J, Lu C, Hu Y, Huang K, Luo Q, Ma J, Lu H. Diflovidazin damages the hematopoietic stem cells to zebrafish embryos via the TLR4/ NF-κB/ p53 pathway. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108672. [PMID: 36893927 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental contaminants frequently induces the occurrence of blood diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are scarcely known. The toxicity of Diflovidazin (DFD), a widely used mite-remover, to the blood system of non-target organisms requires urgent elucidation. To investigate the deleterious effects of DFD (2, 2.5, and 3 mg/L) on the development and survive of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the zebrafish model was used in this study. DFD exposure reduced the number of HSCs and their subtypes, including macrophages, neutrophils, thymus T-cells, erythrocytes, and platelets. The significant changes in the abnormal apoptosis and differentiation of HSCs were the major reasons for the reduction in blood cells. Using small-molecule antagonists and p53 morpholino revealed that the NF-κB/p53 pathway was responsible for the apoptosis of HSCs upon DFD exposure. The restoration results attributed to the TLR4 inhibitor and molecular docking showed that the TLR4 protein, which was upstream of NF-κB signaling, played a vital role in DFD toxicology. This study elucidates the role and molecular mechanism of DFD in damaging zebrafish HSCs. It provides a theoretical basis for the occurrence of various blood diseases in zebrafish and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jia
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haibin Xiong
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lirong Huang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kaijie Huang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinze Ma
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China.
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Yusoff NA, Abd Hamid Z, Budin SB, Taib IS. Linking Benzene, in Utero Carcinogenicity and Fetal Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches: A Mechanistic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076335. [PMID: 37047305 PMCID: PMC10094243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research reported that prolonged benzene exposure during in utero fetal development causes greater fetal abnormalities than in adult-stage exposure. This phenomenon increases the risk for disease development at the fetal stage, particularly carcinogenesis, which is mainly associated with hematological malignancies. Benzene has been reported to potentially act via multiple modes of action that target the hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) niche, a complex microenvironment in which HSCs and multilineage hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside. Oxidative stress, chromosomal aberration and epigenetic modification are among the known mechanisms mediating benzene-induced genetic and epigenetic modification in fetal stem cells leading to in utero carcinogenesis. Hence, it is crucial to monitor exposure to carcinogenic benzene via environmental, occupational or lifestyle factors among pregnant women. Benzene is a well-known cause of adult leukemia. However, proof of benzene involvement with childhood leukemia remains scarce despite previously reported research linking incidences of hematological disorders and maternal benzene exposure. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has shown that maternal benzene exposure is able to alter the developmental and functional properties of HSPCs, leading to hematological disorders in fetus and children. Since HSPCs are parental blood cells that regulate hematopoiesis during the fetal and adult stages, benzene exposure that targets HSPCs may induce damage to the population and trigger the development of hematological diseases. Therefore, the mechanism of in utero carcinogenicity by benzene in targeting fetal HSPCs is the primary focus of this review.
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Shen Q, Liu R, Chen J, Li G, Ma S, Yu Y, An T. Co-exposure health risk of benzo[a]pyrene with aromatic VOCs: Monoaromatic hydrocarbons inhibit the glucuronidation of benzo[a]pyrene. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115158. [PMID: 36580988 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Occupational workers and residents near petrochemical industry facilities are exposed to multiple contaminants on a daily basis. However, little is known about the co-exposure effects of different pollutants based on biotransformation. The study examined benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon related to the petrochemical industry, to investigate changes in toxicity and co-exposure mechanism associated with different monoaromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs). A central composite design method was used to simulate site co-exposure scenarios to reveal biotransformation of BaP when co-exposed with benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, or nitrobenzene in microsome systems. BaP metabolism depended on MAH concentration, and association of MAH with microsome concentration/incubation time. Particularly, MAH co-exposure negatively affected BaP glucuronidation, an important phase Ⅱ detoxification process. BaP metabolite intensities decreased to 43%-80% for OH-BaP-G, and 32%-71% for diOH-BaP-G in co-exposure system with MAHs, compared with control group. Furthermore, glucuronidation was affected by competitive and time-dependent inhibition. Co-exposure significantly decreased gene expression of UGT 1A10 and BCRP/ABCG2 in HepG2 cells, which are involved in BaP detoxification through metabolism and transmembrane transportation. Therefore, human co-exposure to multiple contaminants may deteriorate toxic effects of these chemicals by disturbing metabolic pathways. This study provides a reference for assessing toxic effects and co-exposure risks of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyong Shen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Owusu BA, Lim A, Pongsiri N, Intawong C, Rheanpumikankit S, Suksri S, Ingviya T. Latent Trajectories of Haematological, Hepatic, and Renal Profiles after Oil Spill Exposure: A Longitudinal Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2871. [PMID: 36833568 PMCID: PMC9956276 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in crude oil has carcinogenic effects on various organ systems. This longitudinal cohort study examined the effects of oil spill exposure on the haematological, hepatic, and renal profiles of Rayong oil spill clean-up workers. The sample included 869 clean-up workers from the Rayong oil spill. Latent class mixture models were used to investigate and classify the longitudinal trajectories and trends of the haematological, hepatic, and renal indices. Subgroup analysis was used to evaluate the association between the urinary metabolites of PAHs and VOCs and haematological, hepatic, and renal parameters. Most clean-up workers (97.6%) had increasing levels of white blood cells (WBCs) (0.03 × 103 cells/µL), 94.90% of the workers had a significantly increasing trend of blood urea nitrogen (0.31 mg/dL per year), and 87.20% had a significantly increasing trend of serum creatinine (0.01 mg/dL per year). A high-decreasing trend of WBCs was seen in 2.42% (-0.73 × 103 per year). Post-exposure changes in haematological, renal, and hepatic profiles are present in workers exposed to the Rayong oil spill. This indicates possible long-term health complications and worsening renal function after exposure to PAHs and VOCs in crude oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Atta Owusu
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani 94000, Thailand
- Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Centre, Kumasi AOK569, Ghana
- Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Division of Digital Innovation and Data Analytics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Apiradee Lim
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani 94000, Thailand
- Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Nitinun Pongsiri
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani 94000, Thailand
- Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Centre, Kumasi AOK569, Ghana
| | - Chanthip Intawong
- Occupational Medicine Department, Rayong Hospital, Rayong 21000, Thailand
| | | | - Saijit Suksri
- Rayong Provincial Public Health Office, Rayong 21000, Thailand
| | - Thammasin Ingviya
- Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Division of Digital Innovation and Data Analytics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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13
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D'Souza LC, Kuriakose N, Raghu SV, Kabekkodu SP, Sharma A. ROS-directed activation of Toll/NF-κB in the hematopoietic niche triggers benzene-induced emergency hematopoiesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:190-201. [PMID: 36216301 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells/progenitor cells (HSC/HPCs) orchestrate the hematopoietic process, effectively regulated by the hematopoietic niche under normal and stressed conditions. The hematopoietic niche provides various soluble factors which influence the differentiation and self-renewal of HSC/HSPs. Unceasing differentiation/proliferation/high metabolic activity of HSC/HPCs makes them susceptible to damage by environmental toxicants like benzene. Oxidative stress, epigenetic modifications, and DNA damage in the HSC/HPCs are the key factors of benzene-induced hematopoietic injury. However, the role of the hematopoietic niche in benzene-induced hematopoietic injury/response is still void. Therefore, the current study aims to unravel the role of the hematopoietic niche in benzene-induced hematotoxicity using a genetically tractable model, Drosophila melanogaster. The lymph gland is a dedicated hematopoietic organ in Drosophila larvae. A group of 30-45 cells called the posterior signaling center (PSC) in the lymph gland acts as a niche that regulates Drosophila HSC/HPCs maintenance. Benzene exposure to Drosophila larvae (48 h) resulted in aberrant hemocyte production, especially hyper-differentiation of lamellocytes followed by premature lymph gland dispersal and reduced adult emergence upon developmental exposure. Subsequent genetic experiments revealed that benzene-induced lamellocyte production and premature lymph gland dispersal were PSC mediated. The genetic experiments further showed that benzene generates Dual oxidase (Duox)-dependent Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the PSC, activating Toll/NF-κB signaling, which is essential for the aberrant hemocyte production, lymph gland dispersal, and larval survival. Together, the study establishes a functional perspective of the hematopoietic niche in a benzene-induced hematopoietic emergency in a genetic model, Drosophila, which might be relevant to higher organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Clinton D'Souza
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Kotekar-Beeri Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Nithin Kuriakose
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Kotekar-Beeri Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India; Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Proteomics and Cancer Biology, Kotekar-Beeri Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India
| | - Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Konaje, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Science, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Kotekar-Beeri Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India.
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14
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Sung HJ, Jeong SH, Kang JY, Kim C, Nam YJ, Kim JY, Choi JY, Lee HJ, Lee YS, Kim EY, Baek YW, Lee H, Lee JH. Hematotoxic Effect of Respiratory Exposure to PHMG-p and Its Integrated Genetic Analysis. TOXICS 2022; 10:694. [PMID: 36422902 PMCID: PMC9693004 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), the main ingredient of humidifier disinfectants, circulates systemically through the lungs; however, its toxicological assessment has been primarily limited to pulmonary disease. Herein, we investigated the possible abnormalities in hematopoietic function 20 weeks after intratracheal instillation of PHMG-p in a rat model. Notable abnormalities were found out in the peripheral blood cell count and bone marrow (BM) biopsy, while RNA sequencing of BM tissue revealed markedly altered gene expression. Furthermore, signaling involved in hematopoietic dysfunction was predicted by analyzing candidate genes through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) program. Respiratory PHMG-p exposure significantly decreased monocyte and platelet (PLT) counts and total protein, while significantly increasing hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in peripheral blood. Histopathological analysis of the BM revealed a reduced number of megakaryocytes, with no significant differences in spleen and liver weight to body weight. Moreover, PHMG-p exposure significantly activated estrogen receptor signaling and RHOA signaling, and inhibited RHOGDI signaling. In IPA analysis, candidate genes were found to be strongly related to 'hematological system development and function' and 'hematological disease.' Accordingly, our results suggest that PHMG-p could affect hematopoiesis, which participates in monocyte differentiation and PLT production, and may induce hematologic diseases via the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Sung
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Jeong
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Kang
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Cherry Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Nam
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Seon Lee
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeob Kim
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Wook Baek
- Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Lee
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Han Lee
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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15
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Cordiano R, Papa V, Cicero N, Spatari G, Allegra A, Gangemi S. Effects of Benzene: Hematological and Hypersensitivity Manifestations in Resident Living in Oil Refinery Areas. TOXICS 2022; 10:678. [PMID: 36355969 PMCID: PMC9697938 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Literature is teeming with publications on industrial pollution. Over the decades, the main industrial pollutants and their effects on human health have been widely framed. Among the various compounds involved, benzene plays a leading role in the onset of specific diseases. Two systems are mainly affected by the adverse health effects of benzene exposure, both acute and chronic: the respiratory and hematopoietic systems. The most suitable population targets for a proper damage assessment on these systems are oil refinery workers and residents near refining plants. Our work fits into this area of interest with the aim of reviewing the most relevant cases published in the literature related to the impairment of the aforementioned systems following benzene exposure. We perform an initial debate between the two clinical branches that see a high epidemiological expression in this slice of the population examined: residents near petroleum refinery areas worldwide. In addition, the discussion expands on highlighting the main immunological implications of benzene exposure, finding a common pathophysiological denominator in inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, thus helping to set the basis for an increasingly detailed characterization aimed at identifying common molecular patterns between the two clinical fields discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Cordiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Papa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Spatari
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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D'Souza LC, Dwivedi S, Raihan F, Yathisha UG, Raghu SV, Mamatha BS, Sharma A. Hsp70 overexpression in Drosophila hemocytes attenuates benzene-induced immune and developmental toxicity via regulating ROS/JNK signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1723-1739. [PMID: 35301792 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Benzene, a ubiquitous environmental chemical, is known to cause immune dysfunction and developmental defects. This study aims to investigate the relation between benzene-induced immune dysfunction and developmental toxicity in a genetically tractable animal model, Drosophila melanogaster. Further, the study explored the protective role of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) against benzene-induced immunotoxicity and subsequent developmental impact. Drosophila larvae exposed to benzene (1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 mM) were examined for total hemocyte (immune cells) count, phagocytic activity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and their developmental delay and reduction were analyzed. Benzene exposure for 48 h reduced the total hemocytes count and phagocytic activity, along with an increase in the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation in the larval hemocytes. Subsequently, JNK-dependent activation of the apoptosis (Caspase-3 dependent) was also observed. During their development, benzene exposure to Drosophila larvae led to 3 days of delay in development, and ~40% reduced adult emergence. Hsp70-overexpression in hemocytes was found to mitigate benzene-induced oxidative stress and abrogated the JNK-mediated apoptosis in hemocytes, thus restoring total hemocyte count and improving phagocytotic activity. Further, hsp70-overexpression in hemocytes also lessened the benzene-induced developmental delay (rescue of 2.5 days) and improved adult emergence (~20%) emergence, revealing a possible control of immune cells on the organism's development and survival. Overall, this study established that hsp70-overexpression in the Drosophila hemocytes confers protection against benzene-induced immune injury via regulating the ROS/JNK signaling pathway, which helps in the organism's survival and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Clinton D'Souza
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Shiwangi Dwivedi
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Faiza Raihan
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Undiganalu Gangadharappa Yathisha
- Division of Food Safety and Nutrition, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | | | - Bangera Sheshappa Mamatha
- Division of Food Safety and Nutrition, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
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18
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Wang T, Zhang H, Wang K, Cao M, Zhang M, Sun R, Pu Y, Zhang J. The effects of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency on benzene-induced hematotoxicity in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 226:112803. [PMID: 34571417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzyme deficiency. Our previous study revealed the level of G6PD changed in wild type (WT) mice after benzene exposure. In this study, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in regulation of benzene-induced hematotoxicity was investigated and other potential pathways were discovered in a G6PD deficiency mouse model. WT and G6PD mutation (G6PDmut) mice were exposed to benzene (diluted in corn oil) at doses of 0 and 160 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection for 5 days/week, 4 weeks. Peripheral blood samples and bone marrow cells (BMCs) were obtained and measured. The levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH),reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected and comet assay was analyzed for DNA damage in BMCs. Finally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of BMCs was performed. The results showed that white blood cells decreased significantly in G6PDmut mice compared with WT mice after benzene treatment. The ratio of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells significantly decreased in G6PDmut mice exposed to benzene. The reduction of NADPH and GSH revealed the effect on PPP with G6PD deficiency, which then caused the increase of MDA and DNA damage. Finally, RNA-seq results suggested potential genes including SHROOM4, CAMK2B and REN1 played potential roles of G6PD deficiency on benzene-induced hematotoxicity. Renin-angiotensin system and cAMP signaling pathway were potentially involved in the process. Our study provides a better understanding for the effects of G6PD deficiency on benzene-induced hematotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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19
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Rothman N, Vermeulen R, Zhang L, Hu W, Yin S, Rappaport SM, Smith MT, Jones DP, Rahman M, Lan Q, Walker DI. Metabolome-wide association study of occupational exposure to benzene. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1326-1336. [PMID: 34606590 PMCID: PMC8598381 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene is a recognized hematotoxin and leukemogen; however, its mechanism of action in humans remain unclear. To provide insight into the processes underlying benzene hematotoxicity, we performed high-resolution metabolomic profiling of plasma collected from a cross-sectional study of 33 healthy workers exposed to benzene (median 8-h time-weighted average exposure; 20 ppma), and 25 unexposed controls in Shanghai, China. Metabolic features associated with benzene were identified using a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) that tested for the relationship between feature intensity and benzene exposure. MWAS identified 478 mass spectral features associated with benzene exposure at false discovery rate < 20%. Comparison to a list of 13 known benzene metabolites and metabolites predicted using a multi-component biotransformation algorithm showed five metabolites were detected, which included the known metabolites phenol and benzene diolepoxide. Metabolic pathway enrichment identified 41 pathways associated with benzene exposure, with altered pathways including carnitine shuttle, fatty acid metabolism, sulfur amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and branched chain amino acid metabolism. These results suggest disruption to fatty acid uptake, energy metabolism and increased oxidative stress, and point towards pathways related to mitochondrial dysfunction, which has previously been linked to benzene exposure in animal models and human studies. Taken together, these results suggest benzene exposure is associated with disruption of mitochondrial pathways, and provide promising, systems biology biomarkers for risk assessment of benzene-induced hematotoxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Songnian Yin
- Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Stephen M Rappaport
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mohammad Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Epigenetic Effects of Benzene in Hematologic Neoplasms: The Altered Gene Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102392. [PMID: 34069279 PMCID: PMC8156840 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Benzene is produced by diverse petroleum transformation processes and it is widely employed in industry despite its oncogenic effects. In fact, occupational exposure to benzene may cause hematopoietic malignancy. The leukemogenic action of benzene is particularly complex. Possible processes of onset of hematological malignancies have been recognized as a genotoxic action and the provocation of immunosuppression. However, benzene can induce modifications that do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence, the so-called epigenetics changes. Acquired epigenetic modification may also induce leukemogenesis, as benzene may alter nuclear receptors, and cause changes at the protein level, thereby modifying the function of regulatory proteins, including oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins. Abstract Benzene carcinogenic ability has been reported, and chronic exposure to benzene can be one of the risk elements for solid cancers and hematological neoplasms. Benzene is acknowledged as a myelotoxin, and it is able to augment the risk for the onset of acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, aplastic anemia, and lymphomas. Possible mechanisms of benzene initiation of hematological tumors have been identified, as a genotoxic effect, an action on oxidative stress and inflammation and the provocation of immunosuppression. However, it is becoming evident that genetic alterations and the other causes are insufficient to fully justify several phenomena that influence the onset of hematologic malignancies. Acquired epigenetic alterations may participate with benzene leukemogenesis, as benzene may affect nuclear receptors, and provoke post-translational alterations at the protein level, thereby touching the function of regulatory proteins, comprising oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins. DNA hypomethylation correlates with stimulation of oncogenes, while the hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoter regions of specific tumor suppressor genes inhibits their transcription and stimulates the onset of tumors. The discovery of the systems of epigenetic induction of benzene-caused hematological tumors has allowed the possibility to operate with pharmacological interventions able of stopping or overturning the negative effects of benzene.
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21
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Chow PW, Abd Hamid Z, Mathialagan RD, Rajab NF, Shuib S, Sulong S. Clastogenicity and Aneugenicity of 1,4-Benzoquinone in Different Lineages of Mouse Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9050107. [PMID: 34065823 PMCID: PMC8150741 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9050107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports on hematotoxicity and leukemogenicity related to benzene exposure highlighted its adverse effects on hematopoiesis. Despite the reported findings, studies concerning the mechanism of benzene affecting chromosomal integrity in lineage-committed hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) remain unclear. Here, we studied the clastogenicity and aneugenicity of benzene in lineage-committed HSPCs via karyotyping. Isolated mouse bone marrow cells (MBMCs) were exposed to the benzene metabolite 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) at 1.25, 2.5, 5, 7, and 12 μM for 24 h, followed by karyotyping. Then, the chromosomal aberration (CA) in 1,4-BQ-exposed hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) comprising myeloid, Pre-B lymphoid, and erythroid lineages were evaluated following colony-forming cell (CFC) assay. Percentage of CA, predominantly via Robertsonian translocation (Rb), was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in MBMCs and all progenitors at all concentrations. As a comparison, Pre-B lymphoid progenitor demonstrated a significantly higher percentage of CA (p < 0.05) than erythroid progenitor at 1.25, 2.5, and 7 μM as well as a significantly higher percentage (p < 0.05) than myeloid progenitor at 7 μM of 1,4-BQ. In conclusion, 1,4-BQ induced CA, particularly via Rb in both MBMCs and HPCs, notably via a lineage-dependent response. The role of lineage specificity in governing the clastogenicity and aneugenicity of 1,4-BQ deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paik Wah Chow
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (P.W.C.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (P.W.C.); (R.D.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9289-7196
| | - Ramya Dewi Mathialagan
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (P.W.C.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Salwati Shuib
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Center, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
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22
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Cox LA, Ketelslegers HB, Lewis RJ. The shape of low-concentration dose-response functions for benzene: implications for human health risk assessment. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:95-116. [PMID: 33853483 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1860903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Are dose-response relationships for benzene and health effects such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) supra-linear, with disproportionately high risks at low concentrations, e.g. below 1 ppm? To investigate this hypothesis, we apply recent mode of action (MoA) and mechanistic information and modern data science techniques to quantify air benzene-urinary metabolite relationships in a previously studied data set for Tianjin, China factory workers. We find that physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) models and data for Tianjin workers show approximately linear production of benzene metabolites for air benzene (AB) concentrations below about 15 ppm, with modest sublinearity at low concentrations (e.g. below 5 ppm). Analysis of the Tianjin worker data using partial dependence plots reveals that production of metabolites increases disproportionately with increases in air benzene (AB) concentrations above 10 ppm, exhibiting steep sublinearity (J shape) before becoming saturated. As a consequence, estimated cumulative exposure is not an adequate basis for predicting risk. Risk assessments must consider the variability of exposure concentrations around estimated exposure concentrations to avoid over-estimating risks at low concentrations. The same average concentration for a specified duration is disproportionately risky if it has higher variance. Conversely, if chronic inflammation via activation of inflammasomes is a critical event for induction of MDS and other health effects, then sufficiently low concentrations of benzene are predicted not to cause increased risks of inflammasome-mediated diseases, no matter how long the duration of exposure. Thus, we find no evidence that the dose-response relationship is supra-linear at low doses; instead sublinear or zero excess risk at low concentrations is more consistent with the data. A combination of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, Bayesian network (BN) analysis and inference, and partial dependence plots appears a promising and practical approach for applying current data science methods to advance benzene risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis A Cox
- Cox Associates LLC, Denver, CO, USA.,Department of Business Analytics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Hans B Ketelslegers
- Concawe Division, European Petroleum Refiners Association, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Jeffrey Lewis
- Concawe Division, European Petroleum Refiners Association, Brussels, Belgium.,ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc, Clinton, NJ, USA
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23
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Sun R, Xu K, Ji S, Pu Y, Yu L, Yin L, Zhang J, Pu Y. Toxicity in hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood in mice after benzene exposure: Single-cell transcriptome sequencing analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111490. [PMID: 33120278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is a ubiquitous, occupational, and environmental hematotoxic and leukemogen. Damage to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) induced by benzene and its metabolites is a key event in bone marrow (BM) depression and leukemogenesis. There are no reports on transcriptome profiles of HSCs following benzene exposure. Here, Smart-seq2 single-cell transcriptome sequencing was used to detect transcriptomic alternations in BM HSCs and peripheral blood HSCs (PBSCs) in male C57B/6 mice exposed to benzene. We found that benzene caused hematotoxicity which was confirmed by routine blood test, pathological examination, and HSCs percentage analysis. A total of 1514 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BM HSCs and 1703 DEGs in PBSCs were screened after treatment with benzene. Weighted gene correlation network analysis revealed that pathways in cancer, transcriptional misregulation in cancer, and hematopoietic cell lineage are vital pathways involved in benzene-induced toxicity in BM HSCs, whereas hematopoietic cell lineage and leukocyte transendothelial migration are critical pathways in PBSCs. Of note, there were 164 common DEGs in both HSCs, out of which 53 genes were co-regulated in both types of HSCs. Subsequent pathway analysis of these 53 genes indicated that the most relevant pathways involved neutrophil degranulation and CD93 localized in the core of the network of the 53 genes, which are known to regulate leukemia stem cell self-renewal and quiescence. Our results could enhance our understanding of HSC responses to benzene, facilitate the identification of potential molecular biomarkers and future studies on its mechanism of toxicity toward HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuangbin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunqiu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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24
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Yao Y, Lawrence DA. Susceptibility to COVID-19 in populations with health disparities: Posited involvement of mitochondrial disorder, socioeconomic stress, and pollutants. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22626. [PMID: 32905655 PMCID: PMC9340490 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a novel betacoronavirus that has caused the global health crisis known as COVID-19. The implications of mitochondrial dysfunction with COVID-19 are discussed as well as deregulated mitochondria and inter-organelle functions as a posited comorbidity enhancing detrimental outcomes. Many environmental chemicals (ECs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals can do damage to mitochondria and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. During infection, SARS-CoV-2 via its binding target ACE2 and TMPRSS2 can disrupt mitochondrial function. Viral genomic RNA and structural proteins may also affect the normal function of the mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus. Drugs considered for treatment of COVID-19 should consider effects on organelles including mitochondria functions. Mitochondrial self-balance and clearance via mitophagy are important in SARS-CoV-2 infection, which indicate monitoring and protection of mitochondria against SARS-CoV-2 are important. Mitochondrial metabolomic analysis may provide new indicators of COVID-19 prognosis. A better understanding of the role of mitochondria during SARS-CoV-2 infection may help to improve intervention therapies and better protect mitochondrial disease patients from pathogens as well as people living with poor nutrition and elevated levels of socioeconomic stress and ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Yao
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Center for Medical Science, Albany, New York
| | - David A Lawrence
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Center for Medical Science, Albany, New York
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, New York
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25
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Schnatter AR, Rooseboom M, Kocabas NA, North CM, Dalzell A, Twisk J, Faulhammer F, Rushton E, Boogaard PJ, Ostapenkaite V, Williams SD. Derivation of an occupational exposure limit for benzene using epidemiological study quality assessment tools. Toxicol Lett 2020; 334:117-144. [PMID: 32497562 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper derives an occupational exposure limit for benzene using quality assessed data. Seventy-seven genotoxicity and 36 haematotoxicity studies in workers were scored for study quality with an adapted tool based on that of Vlaanderen et al., 2008 (Environ Health. Perspect. 116 1700-5). These endpoints were selected as they are the most sensitive and relevant to the proposed mode of action (MOA) and protecting against these will protect against benzene carcinogenicity. Lowest and No- Adverse Effect Concentrations (LOAECs and NOAECs) were derived from the highest quality studies (i.e. those ranked in the top tertile or top half) and further assessed as being "more certain" or "less certain". Several sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess whether alternative "high quality" constructs affected conclusions. The lowest haematotoxicity LOAECs showed effects near 2 ppm (8 h TWA), and no effects at 0.59 ppm. For genotoxicity, studies also showed effects near 2 ppm and showed no effects at about 0.69 ppm. Several sensitivity analyses supported these observations. These data define a benzene LOAEC of 2 ppm (8 h TWA) and a NOAEC of 0.5 ppm (8 h TWA). Allowing for possible subclinical effects in bone marrow not apparent in studies of peripheral blood endpoints, an OEL of 0.25 ppm (8 h TWA) is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Colin M North
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc, Annandale, NJ, USA
| | | | - Johannes Twisk
- Dow Chemical International Pvt. Ltd, Terneuzen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Rushton
- Basell Service Company B.V., Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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26
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants on Hematopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196996. [PMID: 32977499 PMCID: PMC7583016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a complex and intricate process that aims to replenish blood components in a constant fashion. It is orchestrated mostly by hematopoietic progenitor cells (hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)) that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. These cells can originate other cell subtypes that are responsible for maintaining vital functions, mediate innate and adaptive immune responses, provide tissues with oxygen, and control coagulation. Hematopoiesis in adults takes place in the bone marrow, which is endowed with an extensive vasculature conferring an intense flow of cells. A myriad of cell subtypes can be found in the bone marrow at different levels of activation, being also under constant action of an extensive amount of diverse chemical mediators and enzymatic systems. Bone marrow platelets, mature erythrocytes and leukocytes are delivered into the bloodstream readily available to meet body demands. Leukocytes circulate and reach different tissues, returning or not returning to the bloodstream. Senescent leukocytes, specially granulocytes, return to the bone marrow to be phagocytized by macrophages, restarting granulopoiesis. The constant high production and delivery of cells into the bloodstream, alongside the fact that blood cells can also circulate between tissues, makes the hematopoietic system a prime target for toxic agents to act upon, making the understanding of the bone marrow microenvironment vital for both toxicological sciences and risk assessment. Environmental and occupational pollutants, therapeutic molecules, drugs of abuse, and even nutritional status can directly affect progenitor cells at their differentiation and maturation stages, altering behavior and function of blood compounds and resulting in impaired immune responses, anemias, leukemias, and blood coagulation disturbances. This review aims to describe the most recently investigated molecular and cellular toxicity mechanisms of current major environmental pollutants on hematopoiesis in the bone marrow.
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27
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Mathialagan RD, Abd Hamid Z, Ng QM, Rajab NF, Shuib S, Binti Abdul Razak SR. Bone Marrow Oxidative Stress and Acquired Lineage-Specific Genotoxicity in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Exposed to 1,4-Benzoquinone. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165865. [PMID: 32823552 PMCID: PMC7459782 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are susceptible to benzene-induced genotoxicity. However, little is known about the mechanism of DNA damage response affecting lineage-committed progenitors for myeloid, erythroid, and lymphoid. Here, we investigated the genotoxicity of a benzene metabolite, 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ), in HSPCs using oxidative stress and lineage-directed approaches. Mouse bone marrow cells (BMCs) were exposed to 1,4-BQ (1.25–12 μM) for 24 h, followed by oxidative stress and genotoxicity assessments. Then, the genotoxicity of 1,4-BQ in lineage-committed progenitors was evaluated using colony forming cell assay following 7–14 days of culture. 1,4-BQ exposure causes significant decreases (p < 0.05) in glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity, along with significant increases (p < 0.05) in levels of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls. 1,4-BQ exposure induces DNA damage in BMCs by significantly (p < 0.05) increased percentages of DNA in tail at 7 and 12 μM and tail moment at 12 μM. We found crucial differences in genotoxic susceptibility based on percentages of DNA in tail between lineage-committed progenitors. Myeloid and pre-B lymphoid progenitors appeared to acquire significant DNA damage as compared with the control starting from a low concentration of 1,4-BQ exposure (2.5 µM). In contrast, the erythroid progenitor showed significant damage as compared with the control starting at 5 µM 1,4-BQ. Meanwhile, a significant (p < 0.05) increase in tail moment was only notable at 7 µM and 12 µM 1,4-BQ exposure for all progenitors. Benzene could mediate hematological disorders by promoting bone marrow oxidative stress and lineage-specific genotoxicity targeting HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Dewi Mathialagan
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia; (R.D.M.); (Q.M.N.)
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia; (R.D.M.); (Q.M.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Qing Min Ng
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia; (R.D.M.); (Q.M.N.)
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia;
| | - Salwati Shuib
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Razila Binti Abdul Razak
- Oncological and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas Bertam, Pulau Pinang 13200, Malaysia;
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28
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Hernandez-Castillo C, Termini J, Shuck S. DNA Adducts as Biomarkers To Predict, Prevent, and Diagnose Disease-Application of Analytical Chemistry to Clinical Investigations. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:286-307. [PMID: 31638384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the chemistry, structure, formation, and metabolism of DNA adducts has been one of the most significant contributions to the field of chemical toxicology. This work provides the foundation to develop analytical methods to measure DNA adducts, define their relationship to disease, and establish clinical tests. Monitoring exposure to environmental and endogenous toxicants can predict, diagnose, and track disease as well as guide therapeutic treatment. DNA adducts are one of the most promising biomarkers of toxicant exposure owing to their stability, appearance in numerous biological matrices, and characteristic analytical properties. In addition, DNA adducts can induce mutations to drive disease onset and progression and can serve as surrogate markers of chemical exposure. In this perspective, we highlight significant advances made within the past decade regarding DNA adduct quantitation using mass spectrometry. We hope to expose a broader audience to this field and encourage analytical chemistry laboratories to explore how specific adducts may be related to various pathologies. One of the limiting factors in developing clinical tests to measure DNA adducts is cohort size; ideally, the cohort would allow for model development and then testing of the model to the remaining cohort. The goals of this perspective article are to (1) provide a summary of analyte levels measured using state-of-the-art analytical methods, (2) foster collaboration, and (3) highlight areas in need of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hernandez-Castillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine , Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope Duarte , California 91010 , United States
| | - John Termini
- Department of Molecular Medicine , Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope Duarte , California 91010 , United States
| | - Sarah Shuck
- Department of Molecular Medicine , Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope Duarte , California 91010 , United States
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29
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PTP4A3, A Novel Target Gene of HIF-1alpha, Participates in Benzene-Induced Cell Proliferation Inhibition and Apoptosis through PI3K/AKT Pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030910. [PMID: 32024182 PMCID: PMC7037067 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzene, a commonly used chemical, has been confirmed to specifically affect the hematopoietic system as well as overall human health. PTP4A3 is overexpressed in leukemia cells and is related to cell proliferation. We previously found that HIF-1alpha was involved in benzene toxicity and PTP4A3 may be the target gene of HIF-1alpha via ChIP-seq. The aim of this study is to confirm the relationship between HIF-1alpha and PTP4A3 in benzene toxicity, as well as the function of PTP4A3 on cell toxicity induced by 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ). Our results indicate that HIF-1alpha could regulate PTP4A3 with in vivo and in vitro experiments. A cell line with suppressed PTP4A3 was established to investigate the function of PTP4A3 in 1,4-BQ toxicity in vitro. The results revealed that cell proliferation inhibition was more aggravated in PTP4A3 low-expression cells than in the control cells after 1,4-BQ treatment. The relative oxygen species (ROS) significantly increased in cells with inhibited PTP4A3, while the rise was inferior to the control cells at the 20 μM 1,4-BQ group. An increase in DNA damage was seen in PTP4A3 down-regulated cells at the 10 μM 1,4-BQ group, whereas the results reversed at the concentration of 20 μM. Moreover, the apoptosis rate increased higher in down-regulated PTP4A3 cells after 1,4-BQ exposure. In addition, PI3K/AKT pathway was significantly restrained in cells with inhibited PTP4A3 after 1,4-BQ treatment. Our results indicate that HIF-1alpha may regulate PTP4A3 to be involved in benzene toxicity. Inhibition of PTP4A3 could aggravate cell proliferation suppression and apoptosis by regulating PI3K/AKT pathway after 1,4-BQ treatment.
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30
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Luijten M, Ball NS, Dearfield KL, Gollapudi BB, Johnson GE, Madia F, Peel L, Pfuhler S, Settivari RS, ter Burg W, White PA, van Benthem J. Utility of a next generation framework for assessment of genomic damage: A case study using the industrial chemical benzene. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:94-113. [PMID: 31709603 PMCID: PMC6972600 DOI: 10.1002/em.22346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We recently published a next generation framework for assessing the risk of genomic damage via exposure to chemical substances. The framework entails a systematic approach with the aim to quantify risk levels for substances that induce genomic damage contributing to human adverse health outcomes. Here, we evaluated the utility of the framework for assessing the risk for industrial chemicals, using the case of benzene. Benzene is a well-studied substance that is generally considered a genotoxic carcinogen and is known to cause leukemia. The case study limits its focus on occupational and general population health as it relates to benzene exposure. Using the framework as guidance, available data on benzene considered relevant for assessment of genetic damage were collected. Based on these data, we were able to conduct quantitative analyses for relevant data sets to estimate acceptable exposure levels and to characterize the risk of genetic damage. Key observations include the need for robust exposure assessments, the importance of information on toxicokinetic properties, and the benefits of cheminformatics. The framework points to the need for further improvement on understanding of the mechanism(s) of action involved, which would also provide support for the use of targeted tests rather than a prescribed set of assays. Overall, this case study demonstrates the utility of the next generation framework to quantitatively model human risk on the basis of genetic damage, thereby enabling a new, innovative risk assessment concept. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 61:94-113, 2020. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Environmental Mutagen Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Luijten
- Centre for Health ProtectionNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)BilthovenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - George E. Johnson
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea UniversitySwanseaUnited Kingdom
| | - Federica Madia
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)IspraItaly
| | - Lauren Peel
- Health and Environmental Sciences InstituteWashingtonDistrict of Columbia
| | | | | | - Wouter ter Burg
- Centre for Safety of Substances and ProductsNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)BilthovenThe Netherlands
| | - Paul A. White
- Department of BiologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Jan van Benthem
- Centre for Health ProtectionNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)BilthovenThe Netherlands
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Dewi R, Hamid ZA, Rajab NF, Shuib S, Razak SA. Genetic, epigenetic, and lineage-directed mechanisms in benzene-induced malignancies and hematotoxicity targeting hematopoietic stem cells niche. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:577-595. [PMID: 31884827 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119895570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is a known hematotoxic and leukemogenic agent with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) niche being the potential target. Occupational and environmental exposure to benzene has been linked to the incidences of hematological disorders and malignancies. Previous studies have shown that benzene may act via multiple modes of action targeting HSCs niche, which include induction of chromosomal and micro RNA aberrations, leading to genetic and epigenetic modification of stem cells and probable carcinogenesis. However, understanding the mechanism linking benzene to the HSCs niche dysregulation is challenging due to complexity of its microenvironment. The niche is known to comprise of cell populations accounted for HSCs and their committed progenitors of lymphoid, erythroid, and myeloid lineages. Thus, it is fundamental to address novel approaches via lineage-directed strategy to elucidate precise mechanism involved in benzene-induced toxicity targeting HSCs and progenitors of different lineages. Here, we review the key genetic and epigenetic factors that mediate hematotoxicological effects by benzene and its metabolites in targeting HSCs niche. Overall, the use of combined genetic, epigenetic, and lineage-directed strategies targeting the HSCs niche is fundamental to uncover the key mechanisms in benzene-induced hematological disorders and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dewi
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre of Applied and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Z Abdul Hamid
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre of Applied and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N F Rajab
- Biomedical Science Programme and Centre of Applied and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Shuib
- Department of Pathology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sr Abdul Razak
- Oncological and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Duval R, Bui LC, Mathieu C, Nian Q, Berthelet J, Xu X, Haddad I, Vinh J, Dupret JM, Busi F, Guidez F, Chomienne C, Rodrigues-Lima F. Benzoquinone, a leukemogenic metabolite of benzene, catalytically inhibits the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN2 and alters STAT1 signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:12483-12494. [PMID: 31248982 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2) is mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells, where it negatively regulates growth factor and cytokine signaling. PTPN2 is an important regulator of hematopoiesis and immune/inflammatory responses, as evidenced by loss-of-function mutations of PTPN2 in leukemia and lymphoma and knockout mice studies. Benzene is an environmental chemical that causes hematological malignancies, and its hematotoxicity arises from its bioactivation in the bone marrow to electrophilic metabolites, notably 1,4-benzoquinone, a major hematotoxic benzene metabolite. Although the molecular bases for benzene-induced leukemia are not well-understood, it has been suggested that benzene metabolites alter topoisomerases II function and thereby significantly contribute to leukemogenesis. However, several studies indicate that benzene and its hematotoxic metabolites may also promote the leukemogenic process by reacting with other targets and pathways. Interestingly, alterations of cell-signaling pathways, such as Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), have been proposed to contribute to benzene-induced malignant blood diseases. We show here that 1,4-benzoquinone directly impairs PTPN2 activity. Mechanistic and kinetic experiments with purified human PTPN2 indicated that this impairment results from the irreversible formation (k inact = 645 m-1·s-1) of a covalent 1,4-benzoquinone adduct at the catalytic cysteine residue of the enzyme. Accordingly, cell experiments revealed that 1,4-benzoquinone exposure irreversibly inhibits cellular PTPN2 and concomitantly increases tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and expression of STAT1-regulated genes. Our results provide molecular and cellular evidence that 1,4-benzoquinone covalently modifies key signaling enzymes, implicating it in benzene-induced malignant blood diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Duval
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Linh-Chi Bui
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Mathieu
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Qing Nian
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Ximing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Iman Haddad
- ESPCI Paris, PSL Université, USR 3149, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Joelle Vinh
- ESPCI Paris, PSL Université, USR 3149, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Florent Busi
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Fabien Guidez
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, UMRS 1131, INSERM, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Christine Chomienne
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, UMRS 1131, INSERM, F-75010 Paris, France; Service de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010 Paris, France
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Bariar B, Vestal CG, Deem B, Goodenow D, Ughetta M, Engledove RW, Sahyouni M, Richardson C. Bioflavonoids promote stable translocations between MLL-AF9 breakpoint cluster regions independent of normal chromosomal context: Model system to screen environmental risks. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:154-167. [PMID: 30387535 PMCID: PMC6363851 DOI: 10.1002/em.22245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Infant acute leukemias are aggressive and characterized by rapid onset after birth. The majority harbor translocations involving the MLL gene with AF9 as one of its most common fusion partners. MLL and AF9 loci contain breakpoint cluster regions (bcrs) with sequences hypothesized to be targets of topoisomerase II inhibitors that promote translocation formation. Overlap of MLL bcr sequences associated with both infant acute leukemia and therapy-related leukemia following exposure to the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide led to the hypothesis that exposure during pregnancy to biochemically similar compounds may promote infant acute leukemia. We established a reporter system to systematically quantitate and stratify the potential for such compounds to promote chromosomal translocations between the MLL and AF9 bcrs analogous to those in infant leukemia. We show bioflavonoids genistein and quercetin most biochemically similar to etoposide have a strong association with MLL-AF9 bcr translocations, while kaempferol, fisetin, flavone, and myricetin have a weak but consistent association, and other compounds have a minimal association in both embryonic stem (ES) and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) populations. The frequency of translocations induced by bioflavonoids at later stages of myelopoiesis is significantly reduced by more than one log. The MLL and AF9 bcrs are sensitive to these agents and recombinogenic independent of their native context suggesting bcr sequences themselves are drivers of illegitimate DNA repair reactions and translocations, not generation of functional oncogenic fusions. This system provides for rapid systematic screening of relative risk, dose dependence, and combinatorial impact of multitudes of dietary and environmental exposures on MLL-AF9 translocations. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60: 154-167, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawana Bariar
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
| | - C. Greer Vestal
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
| | - Bradley Deem
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
| | - Donna Goodenow
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
| | - Mimi Ughetta
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
| | - R. Warren Engledove
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
| | - Mark Sahyouni
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
| | - Christine Richardson
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Dept of Biological Sciences, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte NC, 28223
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Silva CB, Mota CDL, Almeida YR, Emídio V, Fonseca ASA, Mitri S, Moreira JC. Environmental exposure to benzene: evaluation of urinary S-PMA and polymorphism (CYP2E1-1293G>C and NQO1 609C>T) in Campos Elíseos residents, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2019; 35:e00198618. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00198618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene is one of the most important substances for assessment, due to its significant use, the environmental contamination resulting from its emission and the effects on human health. It is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a known carcinogen to humans (group 1) and associated with the development of leukemia. In general, the population is exposed to this substance by inhaling contaminated air, which varies according to the location and intensity of its potential sources. The petrochemical industry is one of the most important sources of this compound. The municipality of Duque de Caxias, specifically the Campos Elíseos district, in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, houses the Industrial Complex of Campos Elíseos (PICE), a grouping of over 25 industries, which includes the second largest oil refinery in Brazil. Environmental contamination from the PICE has been recognized, but there is a lack of studies concerning its impact on the health of the surrounding population. S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) concentrations ranging from 0.80 to 8.01μg.g-1 creatinine were observed in the local population, apparently related to hematological changes also observed in exposed population. The quantifiable presence of urinary S-PMA from the benzene metabolism is associated with the fact that 60% of the participants present specific hematological changes, which may be due to the environmental benzene exposure. The allele and genotype frequencies of the CYP2E1 and NQO1 enzymes observed in the study population were similar to those reported in other studies. The presence of the variant allele in the NQO1 genotype may be a risk factor for the observed hematological changes.
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Qian S, Han Y, Shi Y, Xu W, Zhu Y, Jiang S, Chen Y, Yu Z, Zhang S, Yang Y, Yu K, Zhang S. Benzene induces haematotoxicity by promoting deacetylation and autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:1022-1033. [PMID: 30411500 PMCID: PMC6349156 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to benzene is known to be associated with haematotoxicity and the development of aplastic anaemia and leukaemia. However, the mechanism underlying benzene-induced haematotoxicity, especially at low concentrations of chronic benzene exposure has not been well-elucidated. Here, we found that increased autophagy and decreased acetylation occurred in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) isolated from patients with chronic benzene exposure. We further showed in vitro that benzene metabolite, hydroquinone (HQ) could directly induce autophagy without apoptosis in BMMNCs and CD34+ cells. This was mediated by reduction in acetylation of autophagy components through inhibiting the activity of acetyltransferase, p300. Furthermore, elevation of p300 expression by Momordica Antiviral Protein 30 Kd (MAP30) or chloroquine reduced HQ-induced autophagy. We further demonstrated that in vivo, MAP30 and chloroquine reversed benzene-induced autophagy and haematotoxicity in a mouse model. Taken together, these findings highlight increased autophagy as a novel mechanism for benzene-induced haematotoxicity and provide potential strategies to reverse this process for therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhu Qian
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixiang Han
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifen Shi
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wanling Xu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Songfu Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecule Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Yang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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The effects of Nrf2 knockout on regulation of benzene-induced mouse hematotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 358:56-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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D'Andrea MA, Reddy GK. Health Risks Associated With Benzene Exposure in Children: A Systematic Review. Glob Pediatr Health 2018; 5:2333794X18789275. [PMID: 30148190 PMCID: PMC6100118 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x18789275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a paucity of studies evaluating the adverse health effects of benzene exposure in children or clinical findings of those children who have been exposed. However, emerging studies show that benzene exposure can cause deleterious health effects in children. The objective of this study was to evaluate and summarize published studies on the adverse health effects of benzene exposure in children. More than 77 articles were examined and only the articles that dealt with adverse health effects on pediatric populations were included in the study. The evaluation of those studies provided current understanding of the health effects of benzene exposure in children. Findings from the currently available studies reveal that benzene exposure is associated with abnormalities in hematologic, hepatic, respiratory, and pulmonary functions in children. Published studies clearly support the need for further assessment of the potential adverse effects of benzene exposure in children, and clinical and laboratory findings of these children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Kesava Reddy
- University Cancer and Diagnostic Centers, Houston, TX, USA
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Boulé LA, Chapman TJ, Hillman SE, Kassotis CD, O’Dell C, Robert J, Georas SN, Nagel SC, Lawrence BP. Developmental Exposure to a Mixture of 23 Chemicals Associated With Unconventional Oil and Gas Operations Alters the Immune System of Mice. Toxicol Sci 2018; 163:639-654. [PMID: 29718478 PMCID: PMC5974794 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemicals used in unconventional oil and gas (UOG) operations have the potential to cause adverse biological effects, but this has not been thoroughly evaluated. A notable knowledge gap is their impact on development and function of the immune system. Herein, we report an investigation of whether developmental exposure to a mixture of chemicals associated with UOG operations affects the development and function of the immune system. We used a previously characterized mixture of 23 chemicals associated with UOG, and which was demonstrated to affect reproductive and developmental endpoints in mice. C57Bl/6 mice were maintained throughout pregnancy and during lactation on water containing two concentrations of this 23-chemical mixture, and the immune system of male and female adult offspring was assessed. We comprehensively examined the cellularity of primary and secondary immune organs, and used three different disease models to probe potential immune effects: house dust mite-induced allergic airway disease, influenza A virus infection, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In all three disease models, developmental exposure altered frequencies of certain T cell sub-populations in female, but not male, offspring. Additionally, in the EAE model disease onset occurred earlier and was more severe in females. Our findings indicate that developmental exposure to this mixture had persistent immunological effects that differed by sex, and exacerbated responses in an experimental model of autoimmune encephalitis. These observations suggest that developmental exposure to complex mixtures of water contaminants, such as those derived from UOG operations, could contribute to immune dysregulation and disease later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy J Chapman
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14842
| | - Sara E Hillman
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14842
| | - Christopher D Kassotis
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14842
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | | | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Environmental Medicine
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Steve N Georas
- Department of Environmental Medicine
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14842
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Susan C Nagel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - B Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
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Yoon JH, Kwak WS, Ahn YS. A brief review of relationship between occupational benzene exposure and hematopoietic cancer. Ann Occup Environ Med 2018; 30:33. [PMID: 29760933 PMCID: PMC5946455 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-018-0245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed articles to clarify the current evidence status for 1) types of cancer which related to benzene exposure, and 2) certain benzene exposure level which might cause the hematopoietic cancers. Hematopoietic function of the bone marrow is involved in the production of all blood cells types. The benzene metabolites including benzoquinone and mucoaldehyde affect hematopoietic stem cells as well as differentiation steps of progenitor cells for each blood cell. Hence, we concluded that benzene was associated with all lymphohematic carcinogenesis. First, it is supported by biological plausibility. Second, it is supported by meta-analysis although sing study did not show relationship due to lack of sample size or statistical power. More recent studies show lesser exposed level related to risk of cancer, compare to past studies did. Actually, early studies show the risk of malignancies in workers who exposed more than 200 ppm-years. However, only 0.5 to 1 ppm-year benzene exposed show significant linking to risk of malignancies in recent study. As reviewed research articles, we concluded that the relatively lower exposure level, such as 0.5–1 ppm-year, will be considering at risk of hematopoietic cancer. However, more research needs to be done on dose-response analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ha Yoon
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,2The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Seok Kwak
- 2The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Soon Ahn
- 3Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 162, Ilsan-dong, Wonju, South Korea, Wonju, 26426 Korea
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Fayemiwo OM, Daramola MO, Moothi K. Tannin-based adsorbents from green tea for removal of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in water: Preliminary investigations. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2017.1409738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. M. Fayemiwo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M. O. Daramola
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - K. Moothi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Chow PW, Rajab NF, Chua KH, Chan KM, Abd Hamid Z. Differential responses of lineages-committed hematopoietic progenitors and altered expression of self-renewal and differentiation-related genes in 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) exposure. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 46:122-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Maksoud NA, Aal KA, Ghandour N, El-Baz M, Shaltout E. Assessment of Hematotoxicity and Genotoxicity among paint Workers in Assiut Governorate: a case control study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-017-0029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Bagwe SM, Kale PP, Bhatt LK, Prabhavalkar KS. Herbal approach in the treatment of pancytopenia. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 14:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2016-0053/jcim-2016-0053.xml. [PMID: 28195548 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancytopenia is a health condition in which there is a reduction in the amount of leucocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes. If more than one of the blood cells is low then the condition is called as bicytopenia. The pancytopenic condition is observed in treatment of diseased conditions like thalassemia and hepatitis C. Iatrogenically pancytopenia is caused by some antibiotics and anti-HCV drugs. Medical conditions like aplastic anaemia, lymphoma, copper deficiency, and so forth can also cause pancytopenia. Pancytopenia can in turn decrease the immunity of the person and thereby can be fatal. Current therapies for pancytopenia include bone marrow stimulant drugs, blood transfusion and bone marrow transplant. The current therapies are very excruciating and have long-term side-effects. Therefore, treating these condition using herbal drugs is very important. Herbs like wheatgrass, papaya leaves and garlic are effective in treating single lineage cytopenias. The present review is focused on the potential effects of natural herbs for the treatment of pancytopenia.
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Doherty BT, Kwok RK, Curry MD, Ekenga C, Chambers D, Sandler DP, Engel LS. Associations between blood BTEXS concentrations and hematologic parameters among adult residents of the U.S. Gulf States. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:579-587. [PMID: 28448810 PMCID: PMC5687063 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of workers exposed to benzene at average air concentrations below one part per million suggest that benzene, a known hematotoxin, causes hematopoietic damage even at low exposure levels. However, evidence of such effects outside of occupational settings and for other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between ambient exposures to five VOCs, including benzene, and hematologic parameters among adult residents of the U.S. Gulf Coast. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood concentrations of selected VOCs were measured in a sample of adult participants in the Gulf Long-term Follow-up Study (GuLF STUDY) during 2012 and 2013. Complete blood counts with differentials were also performed on a subset of participants (n=406). We used these data together with detailed questionnaire data to estimate adjusted associations between blood BTEXS (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m/p-xylene, and styrene) concentrations and hematologic parameters using generalized linear models. RESULTS We observed inverse associations between blood benzene concentrations and hemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and a positive association with red cell distribution width among tobacco smoke-unexposed participants (n=146). Among tobacco smoke-exposed participants (n=247), we observed positive associations between blood VOC concentrations and several hematologic parameters, including increased white blood cell and platelet counts, suggestive of hematopoietic stimulation typically associated with tobacco smoke exposure. Most associations were stronger for benzene than for the other VOCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that ambient exposure to BTEXS, particularly benzene, may be associated with hematologic effects, including decreased hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and increased red cell distribution width.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett T Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,135 Dauer Drive, 2101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB #7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Richard K Kwok
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Matthew D Curry
- Social and Scientific Systems, Inc., 1009 Slater Road, Suite #120, Durham, NC 27703, USA
| | - Christine Ekenga
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - David Chambers
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,135 Dauer Drive, 2101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB #7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Wei C, Chen M, You H, Qiu F, Wen H, Yuan J, Xiang S, Yang X. Formaldehyde and co-exposure with benzene induce compensation of bone marrow and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in BALB/c mice during post-exposure period. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 324:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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46
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Martinho AM, Turner L. Stem cells in court: historical trends in US legal cases related to stem cells. Regen Med 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Using two legal research platforms, we identified 193 stem-cell-related legal cases that were decided in US courts. Classifying the cases by category, we examined historical trends in the types of legal cases related to stem cells. Major types of cases involved plaintiffs seeking to overturn denial of health insurance coverage decisions, disputes related to intellectual property, false advertising, breaches of contract, exposure to hazardous agents, regulatory decisions, stem cell procedures and professional standard of care, use of stems cells in research, and public funding of embryonic stem cell research. Analysis of court decisions provides insight into contemporary and historical legal issues related to stem cells and reveals the breadth of stem-cell-related cases now being decided by US courts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leigh Turner
- CVS Health, 2211 Sanders Rd, Northbrook, IL 60062, USA
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Campos MAA, Fernandes APSM, André LC. Avaliação da exposição ocupacional ao benzeno em trabalhadores frentistas e analistas de combustíveis utilizando o Teste Cometa como biomarcador de genotoxicidade. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/2317-6369000118415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Introdução: frentistas e analistas de combustíveis estão expostos a vários compostos orgânicos voláteis presentes na gasolina, incluindo benzeno, que se destaca por sua importância toxicológica. Objetivo: avaliar a exposição ocupacional ao benzeno na gasolina, utilizando o Teste Cometa como biomarcador de genotoxicidade em comparação ao ácido trans,trans-mucônico urinário (AttM) como biomarcador de exposição ao benzeno. Métodos: estudo de corte transversal com análises de biomarcadores de exposição e de genotoxicidade em grupo de expostos ocupacionalmente ao benzeno através da gasolina e grupo controle. Resultados: o Teste Cometa mostrou uma média (desvio padrão) de índice de dano, expresso em unidades arbitrárias, no grupo exposto de 28,4 (10,1) significativamente mais elevado do que no grupo não-exposto, 18,4 (10,1). O AttM urinário, em mg/g de creatinina, foi significativamente maior no grupo exposto, 1,13 (0,45), em relação ao grupo não exposto, 0,44 (0,33). Os dois biomarcadores apresentaram boa correlação linear (r=0,81; p<0,05), indicando uma forte associação entre o biomarcador de exposição e o biomarcador de efeito. Conclusão: os resultados sugerem que uma maior exposição ocupacional ao benzeno está associada a um risco aumentado de dano genotóxico entre indivíduos expostos à gasolina.
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Sun R, Zhang J, Wei H, Meng X, Ding Q, Sun F, Cao M, Yin L, Pu Y. Acetyl-l-carnitine partially prevents benzene-induced hematotoxicity and oxidative stress in C3H/He mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 51:108-113. [PMID: 28233701 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is an environmental pollutant and occupational toxicant which induces hematotoxicity. Our previous metabonomics study suggested that acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR) decreased in the mouse plasma and bone marrow (BM) cells due to benzene exposure. In the present study, the topic on whether ALCAR influences hematotoxicity caused by benzene exposure was explored. Thirty-two male C3H/He mice were divided into four groups: control group (C: vehicle, oil), benzene group (150mg/kg body weight (b.w.) benzene), benzene+A1 group (150mg/kg b.w. benzene+100mg/kg b.w. ALCAR), and benzene+A2 group (150mg/kg b.w. benzene+200mg/kg b.w. ALCAR). Benzene was injected subcutaneously, and ALCAR was orally administrated via gavage once daily for 4 weeks consecutively. After the experimental period, the blood routine, BM cell number and frequency of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HS/PC) were assessed. The mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP level were determined to evaluate the mitochondrial function. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also examined, and the comet assay was performed to measure oxidative stress. Results showed that ALCAR intervention can partially reduce the benzene-induced damage on BM and HS/PCs and can simultaneously alleviate the DNA damage by reducing benzene-induced H2O2, ROS, and MDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengxia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen J, Zheng Z, Chen Y, Li J, Qian S, Shi Y, Sun L, Han Y, Zhang S, Yu K. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Trichostatin A and MCP30 Relieve Benzene-Induced Hematotoxicity via Restoring Topoisomerase IIα. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153330. [PMID: 27058040 PMCID: PMC4826000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of histone acetylation inhibits topoisomerase IIα (Topo IIα), which is implicated in benzene-induced hematotoxicity in patients with chronic benzene exposure. Whether histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors can relieve benzene-induced hematotoxicity remains unclear. Here we showed that hydroquinone, a main metabolite of benzene, increased the HDAC activity, decreased the Topo IIα expression and induced apoptosis in human bone marrow mononuclear cells in vitro, and treatment with two HDAC inhibitors, namely trichostatin A (TSA) or a mixture of ribosome-inactivating proteins MCP30, almost completely reversed these effects. We further established a benzene poisoning murine model by inhaling benzene vapor in a container and found that benzene poisoning decreased the expression and activity of Topo IIα, and impaired acetylation of histone H4 and H3. The analysis of regulatory factors of Topo IIα promoter found that benzene poisoning decreased the mRNA levels of SP1 and C-MYB, and increased the mRNA level of SP3. Both TSA and MCP30 significantly enhanced the acetylation of histone H3 and H4 in Topo IIα promoter and increased the expression and activity of Topo IIα in benzene poisoning mice, which contributed to relieve the symptoms of hematotoxicity. Thus, treatment with HDAC inhibitors represents an attractive approach to reduce benzene-induced hematotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Zhouyi Zheng
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Shanhu Qian
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Yifen Shi
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Lan Sun
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Yixiang Han
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
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Hosseinzadeh R, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Human hemoglobin structural and functional alterations and heme degradation upon interaction with benzene: A spectroscopic study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 157:41-49. [PMID: 26710175 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, the effect of benzene on hemoglobin structure, stability and heme prosthetic group integrity was studied by different methods. These included UV-vis absorption spectrophotometry, normal and synchronous fluorescence techniques, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Our results indicated that benzene has high hemolytic potential even at low concentrations. The UV-vis spectroscopic results demonstrated that benzene altered both the globin chain and the heme prosthetic group of hemoglobin increasing met- and deoxy-Hb, while decreasing oxy-Hb. However, with increasing benzene the concentration of all species decreased due to heme destruction. The spectrophotometric results show that benzene has a high potential for penetrating the hydrophobic pocket of hemoglobin. These results were consistent with the molecular docking simulation results of benzene-hHb. Aggregation and thermal denaturation studies show that the increased benzene concentration induced hemoglobin aggregation with a decrease in stability, which is consistent with the DSC results. Conventional fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the heme degradation species were produced in the presence of benzene. The results of constant wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (CWSFS) indicated that at least five heme-degraded species were produced. Together, our results indicated that benzene has adverse effects on hemoglobin structure and function, and heme degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Hosseinzadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry & Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Medical Laser Research Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry & Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Center of Excellence in Biothermodynamics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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