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Schilstra CE, Sansom-Daly UM, Ellis SJ, Anazodo AC, Trahair TN, Lindsay T, Amiruddin A, O'Dwyer C, Maguire F, Nevin S, Battisti R, Fardell JE. Social Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents and Young Adults Recently Diagnosed with Cancer. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2024; 13:674-682. [PMID: 38597951 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2023.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) remains an understudied potential link between the cancer experience and adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors' poor psychosocial outcomes. We investigated the frequency and duration of, as well as factors associated with, symptoms of SAD among AYAs with cancer. Methods: This longitudinal, mixed-methods study involved online surveys (including a validated screening tool for SAD) at recruitment and 6 months later, and a structured clinical interview. Results: Twenty-eight AYAs (aged 12-30 years, <1-year postdiagnosis, 50% male) completed the first survey (M = 6 months postdiagnosis). About 32% reported clinically significant SAD symptoms. Fourteen completed the follow-up survey (M = 12 months postdiagnosis), of which 9 (62%) reported persistent or worse symptoms of SAD significantly associated with emotional distress, physical appearance concerns, negative social cognitions, and depression. Conclusion: A subset of AYAs with cancer may experience clinically significant SAD symptoms that can affect their psychosocial well-being. Further work on how to best identify and support AYAs with SAD is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa E Schilstra
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ursula M Sansom-Daly
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Youth Cancer Service, Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah J Ellis
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Antoinette C Anazodo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Toby N Trahair
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Toni Lindsay
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Azhani Amiruddin
- Western Sydney Youth Cancer Service, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Cath O'Dwyer
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Youth Cancer Service, Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Maguire
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Youth Cancer Service, Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Suzanne Nevin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Battisti
- Cancer Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanna E Fardell
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Western Sydney Youth Cancer Service, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Sequeira SL, Silk JS, Jones NP, Forbes EE, Hanson JL, Hallion LS, Ladouceur CD. Pathways to adolescent social anxiety: Testing interactions between neural social reward function and perceived social threat in daily life. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38801123 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent theories suggest that for youth highly sensitive to incentives, perceiving more social threat may contribute to social anxiety (SA) symptoms. In 129 girls (ages 11-13) oversampled for shy/fearful temperament, we thus examined how interactions between neural responses to social reward (vs. neutral) cues (measured during anticipation of peer feedback) and perceived social threat in daily peer interactions (measured using ecological momentary assessment) predict SA symptoms two years later. No significant interactions emerged when neural reward function was modeled as a latent factor. Secondary analyses showed that higher perceived social threat was associated with more severe SA symptoms two years later only for girls with higher basolateral amygdala (BLA) activation to social reward cues at baseline. Interaction effects were specific to BLA activation to social reward (not threat) cues, though a main effect of BLA activation to social threat (vs. neutral) cues on SA emerged. Unexpectedly, interactions between social threat and BLA activation to social reward cues also predicted generalized anxiety and depression symptoms two years later, suggesting possible transdiagnostic risk pathways. Perceiving high social threat may be particularly detrimental for youth highly sensitive to reward incentives, potentially due to mediating reward learning processes, though this remains to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Neil P Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Erika E Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jamie L Hanson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lauren S Hallion
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Lau N, Zhou AM, Yuan A, Parigoris R, Rosenberg AR, Weisz JR. Social skills deficits and self-appraisal biases in children with social anxiety disorder. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2023; 32:2889-2900. [PMID: 37772042 PMCID: PMC10538948 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-021-02194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Social Anxiety Disorder is highly prevalent among children and leads to poor long-term outcomes if left untreated. Theoretical models of anxiety differ in whether children with Social Anxiety Disorder experience objective social skills deficits, negative self-interpretation biases, or some combination of the two. This pilot study evaluated evidence in support of the "deficit" and "bias" models. Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of a large private university in Cambridge, MA, USA, and data collection was completed in 2015. We recruited 68 parent-child dyads for a study in which anxious children (with Social Anxiety Disorder) and non-anxious children underwent a child-adapted version of the Trier Social Stress Test. Children were aged 8-14, 67.6% male, and self-identified as 54.4% White, 7.4% Black, 4.4% Latinx, 13.2% Asian, 14.7% multiethnic, and 5.9% "other" or no response. Performance ratings were obtained from children, their parents, and external observers. We found evidence of both specific social skills deficits and self-appraisal biases in anxious children. Anxious children struggled with signs of physical discomfort but not with actual speech content. Although children were generally able to accurately evaluate their social performance, older anxious children were most self-critical. Parents were similarly accurate in appraisals of their children's social performance. Anxious children responded favorably to positive feedback with improved self-evaluations of performance and decreased anxiety. Findings suggest that a comprehensive "integrated" theoretical model of Social Anxiety Disorder should include both skills deficits and self-appraisal biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lau
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Anna M Zhou
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Yuan
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan Parigoris
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - John R Weisz
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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4
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Müller CP, Schumann G, Rehm J, Kornhuber J, Lenz B. Self-management with alcohol over lifespan: psychological mechanisms, neurobiological underpinnings, and risk assessment. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2683-2696. [PMID: 37117460 PMCID: PMC10615763 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Self-management includes all behavioural measures and cognitive activities aimed at coping with challenges arising throughout the lifespan. While virtually all of these challenges can be met without pharmacological means, alcohol consumption has long been instrumentalized as a supporting tool to help coping with problems arising selectively at adolescence, adulthood, and ageing. Here, we present, to our knowledge, the first systematic review of alcohol instrumentalization throughout lifespan. We searched MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PsycINFO and CINAHL (from Jan, 1990, to Dec, 2022) and analysed consumption patterns, goals and potential neurobiological mechanisms. Evidence shows a regular non-addictive use of alcohol to self-manage developmental issues during adolescence, adulthood, and ageing. Alcohol is selectively used to overcome problems arising from dysfunctional personality traits, which manifest in adolescence. A large range of psychiatric disorders gives rise to alcohol use for the self-management of distinct symptoms starting mainly in adulthood. We identify those neuropharmacological effects of alcohol that selectively serve self-management under specific conditions. Finally, we discuss the adverse effects and associated risks that arise from the use of alcohol for self-management. Even well-controlled alcohol use adversely impacts health. Based on these findings, we suggest the implementation of an entirely new view. Health policy action may actively embrace both sides of the phenomenon through a personalized informed use that allows for harm-controlled self-management with alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Gunter Schumann
- The Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBI, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- PONS Centre, Charite Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapie, CCM, Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
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5
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O'Shannessy DM, Waters AM, Donovan CL. Feasibility of an Intensive, Disorder-Specific, Group-Based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Intervention for Adolescents with Social Anxiety Disorder. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:546-557. [PMID: 34669067 PMCID: PMC8526989 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the preliminary acceptability and efficacy of an intensive, group-based, disorder-specific cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention for adolescents with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Fourteen Australian adolescents with SAD (78.6% female, M age = 13.93 years) and their parents completed the program plus measures of treatment satisfaction, and provided feedback. Clinical interviews and surveys were administered pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 6-month follow-up to determine diagnostic status and assess related variables. Post-treatment satisfaction scores were very high for adolescents and parents. Post-treatment, 32.3% of participants no longer met criteria for SAD diagnosis, increasing to 42.9% at follow-up. Participants showed sizeable reductions in comorbid diagnoses, significant improvements in global functioning, social anxiety symptoms, and internalising symptoms from pre- to post-treatment (maintained at follow-up), and significant improvements in social skills and social competence from pre-treatment to follow-up. This study supports the use of an intensive CBT program for adolescents with SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin M O'Shannessy
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mount Gravatt, Brisbane, QLD, 4122, Australia.
| | - Allison M Waters
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mount Gravatt, Brisbane, QLD, 4122, Australia
| | - Caroline L Donovan
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mount Gravatt, Brisbane, QLD, 4122, Australia
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6
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Wang Y, Zhao N. Prediction model of interaction anxiousness based on Weibo data. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1045605. [PMID: 36424965 PMCID: PMC9679504 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1045605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents who face social distress in real life are often accompanied by interaction anxiousness. To avoid direct social activities, they prefer to indulge in social networks to satisfy their psychological needs for interpersonal communication. Sina Weibo, China's leading social media platform, has a markedly young user base. It provides a rich sample of adolescents with interaction anxiousness and conditions for real-time monitoring. In this study, various word categories, such as perception of spatial distance and positional relationships, morality, and emotion, showed a significant relationship with interaction anxiousness. Furthermore, prediction models were established based on the original Weibo data of 839 active Sina Weibo users through a variety of machine learning algorithms to predict the scores of users' interaction anxiousness. The results showed that the performance of the prediction model established by the fully connected neural network was the best, and both criterion validity and split-half reliability were good (r criterionvalidity = 0.30, r split - halfreliability = 0.76). This study confirms the validity of the prediction model of interaction anxiousness based on social media behavior data, provides a feasible solution to examine adolescents' interaction anxiousness, and provides a scientific basis for more targeted mental health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Nan Zhao
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7
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Alves F, Figueiredo DV, Vagos P. The Prevalence of Adolescent Social Fears and Social Anxiety Disorder in School Contexts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12458. [PMID: 36231757 PMCID: PMC9566153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Social fears arise when fearing to be judged in social events. When these fears are intense, persistent, and debilitating, the individual may suffer from social anxiety disorder (SAD), which has its most frequent onset during adolescence and tends to be chronic. Still, evidence on the prevalence of social fears and SAD in adolescence is scarce. This study analyzed the prevalence of social fears and of SAD in Portuguese adolescents. Of the initial sample (n = 1495), 26% presented with intense self-reported social fears. Of those, 53.9% accepted to be further assessed for diagnosis, resulting in a point-estimate prevalence of adolescent SAD of 9.4%; this is slightly higher than previously found. Social performance was the most feared social event. Of the adolescents with SAD, 12.9% were receiving psychological intervention, 12.1% refused intervention, and 92 (65.7%) accepted intervention. Findings confirm SAD as a highly prevalent mental disorder among adolescents, particularly girls, and additionally, that most of these adolescents did not seek treatment but are willing to receive help if made available. Hence, schools should be invested not only in identifying vulnerable adolescents but also in providing diverse intervention options, tailored to their needs, and directing them to successful developmental trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Alves
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention–CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Vieira Figueiredo
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention–CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Vagos
- Institute of Human Development, Portucalense Infante D. Henrique University, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Morales‐Muñoz I, Hett D, Humpston C, Mallikarjun PK, Marwaha S. Anxiety disorders across middle childhood and early adolescence in a UK population-based cohort. JCPP ADVANCES 2022; 2:e12089. [PMID: 37431383 PMCID: PMC10242895 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patterns of development and underlying factors explaining anxiety disorders in children and adolescents are under-researched, despite their high prevalence, impact and associations with other mental disorders. We aimed to a] understand the pattern and persistence of specific anxiety disorders; b] examine differing trajectories of symptoms of specific anxiety disorders and; c] examine socio-demographic and health-related predictors of persistent anxiety disorder-specific symptoms, across middle childhood to early adolescence. Methods The current study used data from 8122 participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort. The Development and Wellbeing Assessment questionnaire was administered to parents to capture child and adolescent anxiety total scores and DAWBA-derived diagnoses. Separation anxiety, specific phobia, social anxiety, acute stress reaction, and generalized anxiety at 8, 10 and 13 years were selected. Further, we included the following socio-demographic and health-related predictors: sex, birth weight, sleep difficulties at 3.5 years, ethnicity, family adversity, maternal age at birth, maternal postnatal anxiety, maternal postnatal depression, maternal bonding, maternal socio-economic status and maternal education. Results Different anxiety disorders presented different prevalence and patterns of development over time. Further, latent class growth analyses yielded a trajectory characterized by individuals with persistent high levels of anxiety across childhood and adolescence; for specific phobia (high = 5.8%; moderate = 20.5%; low = 73.6%), social anxiety (high = 3.4%; moderate = 12.1%; low = 84.5%), acute stress reaction (high = 1.9%; low = 98.1%) and generalized anxiety (high = 5.4%; moderate = 21.7%; low = 72.9%). Finally, the risk factors associated with each of the persistent high levels of anxiety disorders were child sleeping difficulties and postnatal maternal depression and anxiety. Conclusions Our findings show that a small group of children and young adolescents continue to suffer from frequent and severe anxiety. When considering treatment strategies for anxiety disorders in this group, children's sleep difficulties and postnatal maternal depression and anxiety need to be assessed as these may predict a more prolonged and severe course of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Morales‐Muñoz
- Institute for Mental HealthUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Department of Public Health SolutionsMental Health UnitFinnish Institute for Health and WelfareHelsinkiFinland
| | - Danielle Hett
- Institute for Mental HealthUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- National Centre for Mental HealthThe Barberry, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health TrustBirminghamUK
| | - Clara Humpston
- Institute for Mental HealthUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Pavan K. Mallikarjun
- Institute for Mental HealthUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Early Intervention ServiceBirmingham Women's and Children's NHS TrustBirminghamUK
| | - Steven Marwaha
- Institute for Mental HealthUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- National Centre for Mental HealthThe Barberry, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health TrustBirminghamUK
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Two-Factor Structure of Social-Evaluative Fear in Children: Distinguishing Fear of Positive and Negative Evaluation in Social Anxiety. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Yang Y, Lu X. Social Anxiety and Subjective Quality of Life Among Chinese Left-Behind Children: The Mediating Role of Social Support. Front Psychol 2022; 13:836461. [PMID: 35360582 PMCID: PMC8962371 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.836461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of left-behind children has become a key focus in China. In this study, we investigate the mediating role of social support between social anxiety and the subjective quality of life among left-behind children in China (N = 379, Mage = 13.65). A total of 710 junior high school students were recruited using clustering random sampling from five middle schools in China and investigated using the Social Anxiety Scale for Children, Social Support Rating Scale for Adolescents, and Inventory of Subjective Life Quality. The results show that social anxiety is negatively associated with social support and subjective quality of life, and social support is positively correlated with subjective quality of life. In addition, social support partially mediates the relationship between social anxiety and subjective quality of life. In conclusion, these findings provide new insights to improve the subjective quality of life of left-behind children. The focus should be on alleviating social anxiety and increasing social support in order to help left-behind children improve their subjective quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Educational Sciences, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Xiaozhou Lu
- School of Educational Sciences, Anshun University, Anshun, China
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11
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Zeytinoglu S, Neuman K, Degnan KA, Almas AN, Henderson H, Chronis-Tuscano A, Pine DS, Fox NA. Pathways from maternal shyness to adolescent social anxiety. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:342-349. [PMID: 34184279 PMCID: PMC9394112 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social anxiety is amongst the most prevalent adolescent mental health problems; however, it is often unrecognized due to its comorbidity with other anxiety problems such as generalized anxiety. Thus, understanding the unique developmental pathways to social anxiety is critical for improving its prevention. We examined the pathway from maternal shyness, when children were 4 years old, to adolescents' social anxiety at age 15 through social wariness at age 7. We hypothesized that childhood social wariness would mediate the association between maternal shyness and social anxiety in adolescence. METHODS Participants (N = 291; 54% female) were followed from early childhood to adolescence. Mothers reported on their own shyness when children were 4 years old. Social wariness toward unfamiliar peers was observed in the laboratory at ages 4 and 7. Adolescent social anxiety and generalized anxiety were assessed via self-report, parent-report, and clinical diagnoses at age 15. RESULTS Maternal shyness was positively associated with adolescent social anxiety but not generalized anxiety at age 15. Higher levels of maternal shyness at age 4 predicted greater social wariness at age 7, which in turn predicted greater social anxiety but not generalized anxiety at age 15. Social wariness at age 7 partially mediated the association between maternal shyness and adolescent social anxiety. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a unique developmental pathway from maternal shyness to adolescent social anxiety. Findings suggest that childhood social wariness connects maternal shyness to adolescent social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Zeytinoglu
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park
| | - Keara Neuman
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University
| | | | - Alisa N. Almas
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia
| | | | | | - Daniel S. Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health
| | - Nathan A. Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park
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12
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Frontal EEG alpha-delta ratio and social anxiety across early adolescence. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 175:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Evidence on Problematic Online Gaming and Social Anxiety over the Past Ten Years: a Systematic Literature Review. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The present study aimed to review the literature concerning the relationship between problematic online gaming (POG) and social anxiety, taking into account the variables implicated in this relationship. This review included studies published between 2010 and 2020 that were indexed in major databases with the following keywords: Internet gaming, disorder, addiction, problematic, social phobia, and social anxiety.
Recent Findings
In recent years, scientific interest in POG has grown dramatically. Within this prolific research field, difficulties associated with social anxiety have been increasingly explored in relation to POG. Indeed, evidence showed that individuals who experience social anxiety are more exposed to the risk of developing an excessive or addictive gaming behavior.
Summary
A total of 30 studies satisfied the initial inclusion criteria and were included in the present literature review. Several reviewed studies found a strong association between social anxiety and online gaming disorder. Furthermore, the relationships among social anxiety, POG, age, and psychosocial and comorbid factors were largely explored. Overall, the present review showed that socially anxious individuals might perceive online video games as safer social environments than face-to-face interactions, predisposing individuals to the POG. However, in a mutually reinforcing relationship, individuals with higher POG seem to show higher social anxiety. Therefore, despite online gaming might represent an activity able to alleviate psychopathological symptoms and/or negative emotional states, people might use online gaming to counterbalance distress or negative situations in everyday life, carrying out a maladaptive coping strategy.
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Fox JK, Ryan JL, Martin Burch J, Halpern LF. The Role of Parental Overcontrol in the Relationship between Peer Victimization, Social Threat Cognitions, and Social Anxiety in School-Age Children. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-021-09466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Schilstra CE, Fardell JE, Ellis SJ, Jones KM, Anazodo AC, Trahair TN, Lah S, Cohn RJ, Wakefield CE, Sansom-Daly UM. Social Anxiety Symptoms in Survivors of Childhood and Adolescent Cancer. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2021; 11:129-137. [PMID: 34252287 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2021.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors may be at risk of developing symptoms of social anxiety disorder (SAD) due to disruptions in social participation and functioning following a cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to explore (1) the proportion of Australian AYA-aged survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer who experience symptoms of SAD, (2) how symptoms of SAD are described by survivors as affecting their daily social functioning. Methods: A mixed-methods cross-sectional design was employed, inviting survivors, aged 13-25 years, who had completed treatment between one and ten years ago. Survivors completed a paper-based questionnaire, containing validated measures of SAD, and an optional semistructured interview assessing current social functioning and social anxiety. Results: Twenty-seven survivors aged 13-25 years participated (M = 19.15, 51.9% male, and 7 years post-treatment). Nine (33%) participants reported clinically significant symptoms of SAD. In interviews, survivors reported worries about how others perceived them and fears around meeting new people. Survivors described that this impacted their daily social functioning, leading them to avoid, or endure with distress, feared social situations. Conclusion: This study shows that clinically significant social anxiety may be a concern for a subset of survivors of childhood/adolescent cancer. Identifying which young people are at risk of SAD after cancer and how best to support this vulnerable cohort is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa E Schilstra
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joanna E Fardell
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Youth Cancer Services, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
| | - Sarah J Ellis
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kimberley M Jones
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Antoinette C Anazodo
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Toby N Trahair
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Suncica Lah
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard J Cohn
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ursula M Sansom-Daly
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Nicolay P, Weber S, Huber C. Überprüfung der Konstrukt-, Kriteriumsvalidität und Messinvarianz eines Instruments zur Messung von sozialer Unsicherheit. DIAGNOSTICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1026/0012-1924/a000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Soziale Unsicherheit bei Kindern zeichnet sich durch ein subjektives Unwohlsein in sozialen Situationen und die Sorge vor einer negativen Bewertung durch andere aus. Falls möglich, werden soziale Situationen vermieden oder auf ein Minimum beschränkt. Aufgrund der Unzuverlässigkeit von Fremdurteilen durch Erziehungsberechtigte oder Lehrkräfte haben Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen in der Diagnostik von sozialer Unsicherheit einen besonderen Stellenwert. Die Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC-R-D; Melfsen & Florin, 1997 ) ist hierbei ein häufig eingesetztes Instrument, deren Validität bisher aber unzureichend untersucht wurde. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht daher anhand von Daten von 997 Kindern die Konstrukt- und Kriteriumsvalidität sowie Messinvarianz über das Geschlecht der Skala. Die Ergebnisse legen nah, dass es sich um ein valides Instrument handelt, wobei die differenzielle Nützlichkeit der einzelnen Subskalen fragwürdig bleibt. Die Ergebnisse und ihre Implikationen für die praktische Verwendung des Fragebogens werden diskutiert.
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Multi-Informant Assessments of Adolescents’ Fears of Negative and Positive Evaluation: Criterion and Incremental Validity in Relation to Observed Behavior. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-020-09855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Nikolić M, Majdandžić M, Colonnesi C, de Vente W, Möller E, Bögels S. The unique contribution of blushing to the development of social anxiety disorder symptoms: results from a longitudinal study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 61:1339-1348. [PMID: 32080848 PMCID: PMC7754350 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-conscious emotional reactivity and its physiological marker - blushing has been proposed to be an etiological mechanism of social anxiety disorder (SAD), but so far, untested in longitudinal designs. This study tested, for the first time, whether self-conscious emotional reactivity (indexed as physiological blushing) contributes to the development of SAD symptoms over and above social behavioral inhibition (BI), which has been identified as the strongest predictor of SAD development in early childhood. METHODS One hundred fifteen children (45% boys) and their mothers and fathers participated at ages 2.5, 4.5, and 7.5 years. Social BI was observed at all time points in a stranger approach task, and physiological blushing (blood volume, blood pulse amplitude, and temperature increases) was measured during a public performance (singing) and watching back the performance at ages 4.5 and 7.5. Child early social anxiety was reported by both parents at 4.5 years, and SAD symptoms were diagnosed by clinicians and reported by both parents at 7.5 years. RESULTS Higher social BI at 2.5 and 4.5 years predicted greater social anxiety at 4.5 years, which, in turn, predicted SAD symptoms at 7.5 years. Blushing (temperature increase) at 4.5 years predicted SAD symptoms at 7.5 years over and above the influence of social BI and early social anxiety. CONCLUSIONS That blushing uniquely contributes to the development of SAD symptoms over and above social BI suggests two pathways to childhood SAD: one that entails early high social BI and an early onset of social anxiety symptoms, and the other that consists of heightened self-conscious emotional reactivity (i.e. blushing) in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Nikolić
- Research Institute of Child Development and EducationUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjana Majdandžić
- Research Institute of Child Development and EducationUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Cristina Colonnesi
- Research Institute of Child Development and EducationUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wieke de Vente
- Research Institute of Child Development and EducationUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eline Möller
- Research Institute of Child Development and EducationUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Susan Bögels
- Developmental PsychologyUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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De castella K, Goldin P, Jazaieri H, Ziv M, Heimberg RG, Gross JJ. Emotion beliefs in social anxiety disorder: Associations with stress, anxiety, and well‐being. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krista De castella
- Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia,
- Clinically Applied Affective Neuroscience Laboratory (CAAN), Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,
| | - Philippe Goldin
- Clinically Applied Affective Neuroscience Laboratory (CAAN), Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,
| | - Hooria Jazaieri
- Clinically Applied Affective Neuroscience Laboratory (CAAN), Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,
| | - Michal Ziv
- Clinically Applied Affective Neuroscience Laboratory (CAAN), Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,
| | - Richard G. Heimberg
- Adult Anxiety Clinic of Temple (AACT), Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,
| | - James J. Gross
- Clinically Applied Affective Neuroscience Laboratory (CAAN), Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,
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Abend R, Naim R, Pergamin-Hight L, Fox NA, Pine DS, Bar-Haim Y. Age Moderates Link Between Training Effects and Treatment Response to Attention Bias Modification Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 47:881-894. [PMID: 30426323 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Attention bias modification treatment (ABMT) aims to reduce anxiety symptoms via practice on computerized attention training tasks. Despite evidence of efficacy, clinical effects appear heterogeneous. More research on ABMT mechanisms and moderators of treatment response is needed. Age is one potentially important moderator, as developmental differences in training effects may impact response. We examined developmental links between ABMT training effects and response in social anxiety disorder (SAD). We pooled data from two randomized controlled trials in treatment-seeking youths and adults with SAD (N = 99) that used identical ABMT methods. We first characterized learning effects associated with the eight-session ABMT training protocol. We then tested whether learning magnitude predicted the clinical (change in SAD symptoms) and cognitive (change in attention bias) responses to treatment. Finally, we tested whether age moderated the association between ABMT learning and treatment response. Results indicate that ABMT was associated with an incremental learning curve during the protocol, and that learning improved with age. Age further moderated the association between learning gains during the ABMT protocol and subsequent reduction in self-reported SAD symptoms, such that this association was stronger with age. These effects were not evident in bias scores or clinician ratings. Finally, pre-treatment SAD symptoms and bias scores predicted ABMT learning gains. This study highlights the links among age, learning processes, and clinical response to ABMT. These insights may inform attempts to increase the clinical efficacy of ABMT for anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rany Abend
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 15K, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Reut Naim
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Nathan A Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, 3404D Benjamin Building, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 15K, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yair Bar-Haim
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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21
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Bianchi D, Lonigro A, Baiocco R, Baumgartner E, Laghi F. Social Anxiety and Peer Communication Quality During Adolescence: The Interaction of Social Avoidance, Empathic Concern and Perspective Taking. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-020-09562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Baartmans JMD, van Steensel FJA, Mobach L, Lansu TAM, Bijsterbosch G, Verpaalen I, Rapee RM, Magson N, Bögels SM, Rinck M, Klein AM. Social anxiety and perceptions of likeability by peers in children. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 38:319-336. [PMID: 32064647 PMCID: PMC7216937 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the discrepancy between self-reported and peer-reported likeability among children, and the relation with social anxiety, depression, and social support. In total, 532 children between 7 and 12 years completed questionnaires about social anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and social support, estimated their own likeability, and indicated how much they liked their classmates. Children with higher levels of social anxiety or depression overestimated their likeability less or even underestimated their likeability. Social anxiety symptoms, but not depressive symptoms, were significant predictors of the discrepancy. Social support was positively related to likeability and negatively related to social anxiety, but did not moderate the association between social anxiety symptoms and perception accuracy of likeability. These results are in line with cognitive theories of childhood social anxiety, and they stress the importance of using multi-informant measures when studying the relation between social anxiety and social functioning in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanine M. D. Baartmans
- Developmental PsychologyUniversity of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- UvA Minds Academic Treatment CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Lynn Mobach
- Behavioural Science InstituteRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Centre for Emotional HealthMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Tessa A. M. Lansu
- Behavioural Science InstituteRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Iris Verpaalen
- Behavioural Science InstituteRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Ronald M. Rapee
- Centre for Emotional HealthMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Natasha Magson
- Centre for Emotional HealthMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Susan M. Bögels
- Developmental PsychologyUniversity of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mike Rinck
- Behavioural Science InstituteRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Anke M. Klein
- Developmental PsychologyUniversity of AmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Behavioural Science InstituteRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
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23
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A Situational Context Training for Socially Anxious Children. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-019-10060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Asbrand J, Heinrichs N, Nitschke K, Wolf OT, Schmidtendorf S, Tuschen-Caffier B. Repeated stress leads to enhanced cortisol stress response in child social anxiety disorder but this effect can be prevented with CBT. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 109:104352. [PMID: 31386987 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with continual social stress in everyday life. Two physiological components of stress are the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, as captured by cortisol reactivity, and the autonomous nervous system, as captured by salivary alpha amylase (sAA) reactivity. In children with SAD, initial evidence points to dysregulated physiological stress reactivity for both systems. Furthermore, hardly any studies have assessed stress reactivity twice, including exploring possible changes after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Children with SAD (n = 65; aged 9-13 years) and healthy controls (HCs, n = 55) participated in a social stress task (Trier Social Stress Test for Children, TSST-C), which was repeated with children with SAD after either 12 sessions of CBT or a waiting period to explore possible habituation or sensitization effects. Before treatment, children in the SAD and HC groups did not differ in their cortisol stress reactivity toward the TSST-C but did differ in their sAA response with a more pronounced response in the SAD group. After treatment, children with SAD in the waitlist group differed from children with SAD in the CBT group by showing stronger cortisol reactivity and a higher responder rate, indicative of a possible sensitization to stress. No difference was found for sAA. Future research should compare children with SAD and HC children concerning the effect of repeated stress on sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Asbrand
- Institute of Psychology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Nina Heinrichs
- Department of Psychology, University of Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kai Nitschke
- Institute of Psychology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver T Wolf
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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Law DM, Shapka JD, Collie RJ. Who might flourish and who might languish? Adolescent social and mental health profiles and their online experiences and behaviors. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hbe2.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Van Droogenbroeck F, Spruyt B, Keppens G. Gender differences in mental health problems among adolescents and the role of social support: results from the Belgian health interview surveys 2008 and 2013. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:6. [PMID: 29320999 PMCID: PMC5763832 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate how social support relates to mental health problems for Belgian late adolescents and young adults 15-25 years of age. Additionally, we examine changes in mental health problems between 2008 and 2013 and investigate gender differences. METHODS Multivariate analysis of variance was used to investigate (1) psychological distress, (2) anxiety and (3) depression among 713 boys and 720 girls taken from two successive waves (2008 and 2013) of a representative sample of the Belgian population (Belgian Health Interview survey). Psychological distress was measured by the General Health Questionnaire, anxiety and depression by the Symptom Check-List-90-Revised. RESULTS Gender differences were found for psychological distress, anxiety and depression with girls reporting significantly higher scores than boys. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that adolescents who are dissatisfied with their social contacts and experience poor social support reported more psychological distress, anxiety and depression. In addition, young adult boys (20-25 years of age) were more likely to experience psychological distress when compared to late adolescent boys (15-19 years of age). Finally, the prevalence of anxiety and depression increased substantially between 2008 and 2013 for girls and to a lesser extent for boys. CONCLUSIONS Especially girls and young people with poor social support experience mental health problems more frequently than boys and those with strong social support. Improving social support among young people may serve as a protective buffer to mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bram Spruyt
- Sociology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Gil Keppens
- Sociology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
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Klemanski DH, Curtiss J, McLaughlin KA, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Emotion Regulation and the Transdiagnostic Role of Repetitive Negative Thinking in Adolescents with Social Anxiety and Depression. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2017; 41:206-219. [PMID: 28579659 PMCID: PMC5455341 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-016-9817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Social anxiety and depression are common mental health problems among adolescents and are frequently comorbid. Primary aims of this study were to (1) elucidate the nature of individual differences in specific emotion regulation deficits among adolescents with symptoms of social anxiety and depression, and (2) determine whether repetitive negative thinking (RNT) functions as a transdiagnostic factor. A diverse sample of adolescents (N = 1065) completed measures assessing emotion regulation and symptoms of social anxiety and depression. Results indicated that adolescents with high levels of social anxiety and depression symptoms reported decreased emotional awareness, dysregulated emotion expression, and reduced use of emotion management strategies. The hypothesized structural model in which RNT functions as a transdiagnostic factor exhibited a better fit than an alternative model in which worry and rumination function as separate predictors of symptomatology. Findings implicate emotion regulation deficits and RNT in the developmental psychopathology of youth anxiety and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Klemanski
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua Curtiss
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie A McLaughlin
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Vagos P, Salvador MDC, Rijo D, Santos IM, Weeks JW, Heimberg RG. Measuring Evaluation Fears in Adolescence. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0748175615596781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Psychometric Properties of a Social Skills Assessment using a Virtual Environment. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-017-9589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Maternal Parenting and Child Behaviour: An Observational Study of Childhood Social Anxiety Disorder. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-016-9828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Pergamin-Hight L, Pine DS, Fox NA, Bar-Haim Y. Attention bias modification for youth with social anxiety disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2016; 57:1317-1325. [PMID: 27435286 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention bias modification treatment (ABMT) targets threat-related attention biases in anxiety disorders. Most clinical trials of ABMT have focused on adults or small samples of youth. The current randomized controlled trial (RCT) examines ABMT efficacy in youth with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and tests possible moderators of treatment outcomes. METHOD Sixty-seven youth with SAD were randomly assigned to ABMT or attention control training (ACT) conditions. Anxiety severity was measured at baseline, posttreatment, and 3-month follow-up. ClinicalTrials.gov name and identifier: Attention bias modification treatment for children with social anxiety, NCT01397032; http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. RESULTS Both ABMT and ACT induced significant reductions in clinician and self-rated social anxiety (ps < .001). An additional reduction was observed at the 3-month follow-up in clinician-rated anxiety symptoms (p = .03). Moderation effects were nonsignificant for the clinician-rated anxiety outcome, but age moderated self-reported anxiety. Older but not younger children, showed significant reduction in anxiety following ABMT relative to ACT (p < .001). Individual differences in attention control also moderated ABMT's effect on self-reported anxiety (p = .05). Children rated by their parents as lower on attention control benefited more from ABMT than those rated higher on attention control. Baseline attention bias did not moderate anxiety (p = .17). CONCLUSIONS Despite significant reductions in social anxiety, no specific evidence for ABMT was found relative to a control condition. Age and attention control moderated ABMT effects on self-reported SAD symptoms, with clinical effects for older relative to younger children and for those with lower attention control. These results highlight the need to consider developmental influences in the implementation of ABMT protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Pergamin-Hight
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Daniel S Pine
- The Emotion and Development Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathan A Fox
- The Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yair Bar-Haim
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Asbrand J, Heinrichs N, Tuschen-Caffier B. Mütterliches Expressed Emotion und elterliche Angst vor negativer Bewertung bei Kindern mit sozialer Angststörung. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KLINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1026/1616-3443/a000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Ziel dieser Studie ist die Untersuchung von Expressed Emotion (EE) als Faktor des familiären Klimas sowie elterlicher Angst vor negativer Bewertung des Kindes als potentieller Mediator für den Zusammenhang von sozialer Angst der Eltern und Kinder. Methode: Kinder mit Sozialer Angststörung (SAS; n = 64) und ohne SAS (healthy control, HC, n = 52) sowie deren Eltern (Mütter und Väter) berichteten über eigene soziale Ängste und ihre Angst vor negativer Bewertung des Kindes. Mütter nahmen zudem am Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) zur Erhebung von EE teil. Ergebnisse: Berichte von Müttern von Kindern mit einer SAS wurden häufiger als High Expressed Emotion (HEE) eingestuft als Berichte von Müttern von HC Kindern. Es zeigte sich ein Zusammenhang von EE und sozialer Angst der Mutter wie auch mütterlicher Angst vor negativer Bewertung des Kindes. Zudem wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen kindlicher und mütterlicher sozialer Angst partiell durch die Angst vor negativer Bewertung des Kindes mediiert. Schlussfolgerungen: Es konnte ein Zusammenhang von kindlicher SAS und gleichzeitig erhöhtem EE der Mütter gezeigt werden. Erhöhte Angst vor negativer Bewertung des Kindes stellt einen potenziellen Mechanismus dar, wie mütterliche, nicht aber väterliche, soziale Angst an das Kind vermittelt werden kann.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Asbrand
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie & Psychotherapie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
| | - Nina Heinrichs
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie, Psychotherapie & Diagnostik, Technische Universität Braunschweig
| | - Brunna Tuschen-Caffier
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie & Psychotherapie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
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Caballo VE, Salazar IC, Arias B, Calderero M, Irurtia MJ, Ollendick TH. The Social Anxiety Questionnaire for Children: Cross-Cultural Assessment with a New Self-Report Measure. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-016-9562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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An evolutionary perspective on the co-occurrence of social anxiety disorder and alcohol use disorder. J Affect Disord 2016; 196:62-70. [PMID: 26914963 PMCID: PMC5214659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) commonly co-occurs with, and often precedes, Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). In this paper, we address the relationship between SAD and AUD by considering how natural selection left socially anxious individuals vulnerable to alcohol use, and by addressing the underlying mechanisms. We review research suggesting that social anxiety has evolved for the regulation of behaviors involved in reducing the likelihood or consequences of threats to social status. The management of potential threats to social standing is important considering that these threats can result in reduced cooperation or ostracism - and therefore to reduced access to coalitional partners, resources or mates. Alcohol exerts effects upon evolutionarily conserved emotion circuits, and can down-regulate or block anxiety (or may be expected to do so). As such, the ingestion of alcohol can artificially signal the absence or successful management of social threats. In turn, alcohol use may be reinforced in socially anxious people because of this reduction in subjective malaise, and because it facilitates social behaviors - particularly in individuals for whom the persistent avoidance of social situations poses its own threat (i.e., difficulty finding mates). Although the frequent co-occurrence of SAD and AUD is associated with poorer treatment outcomes than either condition alone, a richer understanding of the biological and psychosocial drives underlying susceptibility to alcohol use among socially anxious individuals may improve the efficacy of therapeutic interventions aimed at preventing or treating this comorbidity.
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Familial Accumulation of Social Anxiety Symptoms and Maladaptive Emotion Regulation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153153. [PMID: 27055278 PMCID: PMC4824435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social anxiety is thought to be strongly related to maladaptive emotion regulation (ER). As social anxiety symptoms accumulate in families, we hypothesize that maladaptive ER is also more prevalent in families with anxious children. Thus, we analyze differences in emotion regulation of both child and mother in relation to social anxiety, as well as both their ER strategies in dealing with anxiety. Further, a positive relation between child and maternal ER strategies is assumed. Method Children (aged 9 to 13 years) with social, anxiety disorder (SAD; n = 25) and healthy controls (HC, n = 26) as well as their mothers completed several measures of social anxiety and trait ER strategies towards anxiety. As ER of children is still in development, age is considered as covariate. Results SAD children and their mothers reported more maladaptive ER strategies than HC dyads. Maternal maladaptive ER was related negatively to child adaptive ER which was further moderated by the child’s age. Discussion Maladaptive ER strategies seem to contribute to the exacerbation of social anxiety in both mother and child. Mothers reporting maladaptive ER may have difficulties supporting their child in coping with social anxiety while simultaneously also experiencing heightened levels of anxiety. Deeper understanding of interactional processes between mothers and children during development can assist the comprehension of factors maintaining SAD. Implications for future research and possible consequences for interventions are discussed.
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Aroused at Home: Basic Autonomic Regulation during Orthostatic and Physical Activation is Altered in Children with Social Anxiety Disorder. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 45:143-155. [DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Blain-Arcaro C, Vaillancourt T. Does worry moderate the relation between aggression and depression in adolescent girls? J Adolesc 2016; 49:10-8. [PMID: 26986843 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aggressive girls, more so than aggressive boys, are at an increased risk for depression. Despite disconcerting outcomes, few researchers have examined factors that may attenuate or exacerbate the relation between aggression and depression. Competing hypotheses for explaining the role of worry in the relation between aggressive behaviour and depressive symptoms, commonly co-occurring problems in girls, have been proposed. In the present study, we examined worry as a possible moderator in the relation between girls nominated as aggressive by their peers and self-reported depressive symptoms in a sample of 226 girls aged 13 (M = 12.92, SD = 1.28) at Time 1. We found that worry exacerbated the risk of depressive symptoms concurrently and one year later for physically aggressive girls, but not relationally aggressive girls. These results suggest that worry plays an important role in the prediction of depression for aggressive girls, which varies by the form aggression takes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy Vaillancourt
- Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Lai CM, Mak KK, Watanabe H, Jeong J, Kim D, Bahar N, Ramos M, Chen SH, Cheng C. The mediating role of Internet addiction in depression, social anxiety, and psychosocial well-being among adolescents in six Asian countries: a structural equation modelling approach. Public Health 2015; 129:1224-36. [PMID: 26343546 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examines the associations of Internet addiction with social anxiety, depression, and psychosocial well-being among Asian adolescents. A self-medication model conceptualizing Internet addiction as a mediating role in relating depression and social anxiety to negative psychosocial well-being was tested. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional survey. METHODS In the Asian Adolescent Risk Behavior Survey (AARBS), 5366 adolescents aged 12-18 years from six Asian countries (China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, and Philippines) completed a questionnaire with items of the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD), Self-Rated Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (HoNOSCA-SR) in the 2012-2013 school year. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the mediating role of Internet addiction in depression, social anxiety, and subjective psychosocial well-being. RESULTS Significant differences on the scores of IAT, SAS-A, CESD, and HoNOSCA-SR across the six countries were found. The proposed self-medication model of Internet addiction received satisfactory goodness-of-fit with data of all countries. After the path from social anxiety to Internet addiction had been discarded in the revised model, there was a significant improvement of the goodness-of-fit in the models for Japan, South Korea, and the Philippines. CONCLUSIONS Depression and social anxiety reciprocally influenced, whereas depression associated with poorer psychosocial well-being directly and indirectly through Internet addiction in all six countries. Internet addiction mediated the association between social anxiety and poor psychosocial well-being in China, Hong Kong, and Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lai
- Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K K Mak
- Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - H Watanabe
- Department of Children and Women's Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - J Jeong
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Education, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - N Bahar
- Department of Psychiatry, Selayang Hospital, Malaysia
| | - M Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital at Manila, Philippines
| | - S H Chen
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - C Cheng
- Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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De Castella K, Goldin P, Jazaieri H, Heimberg RG, Dweck CS, Gross JJ. Emotion Beliefs and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder. Cogn Behav Ther 2014; 44:128-41. [DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2014.974665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Tsitsika AK, Tzavela EC, Janikian M, Ólafsson K, Iordache A, Schoenmakers TM, Tzavara C, Richardson C. Online social networking in adolescence: patterns of use in six European countries and links with psychosocial functioning. J Adolesc Health 2014; 55:141-7. [PMID: 24618179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Online communication tools, such as social networking sites (SNS), have been comprehensively embraced by adolescents and have become a dominant daily social practice. Recognizing SNS as a key context of adolescent development, this study aimed to investigate associations between heavier SNS use, and adolescent competencies and internalizing problems. METHODS Data was collected in six European countries: Greece, Spain, Poland, the Netherlands, Romania, and Iceland. Participants were 10,930 adolescents aged 14-17 years (F/M: 5,719/5,211; mean age 15.8 ± .7 years); 62.3% were aged 14-15.9 years and 37.7% were aged 16-17.9 years. Participants reported on their use of online communication tools, and their general competencies and internalizing problems (Youth Self Report). RESULTS SNS are both ubiquitous--used by 70% of adolescents--and engaging, given that 40% of users spend 2 or more hours daily on SNS (labeled heavier SNS use). Heavier SNS use was associated with more internalizing problems, and the relation was consistently more pronounced among younger adolescents. Moreover, heavier SNS use was associated with lower academic performance and lower activities scores, especially for younger adolescents. In contrast, among older adolescents heavier SNS use was positively associated with offline social competence. CONCLUSIONS Although heavier SNS use is associated with higher social competence for older adolescents, it is also associated with increased internalizing problems and diminished competencies in academics and activities, especially for younger adolescents. Age, capturing developmental differences in social and regulatory skills, appears to moderate the effects of heavier SNS use on adolescent functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemis K Tsitsika
- Adolescent Health Unit (AHU), Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (N.K.U.A.), Athens, Greece.
| | - Eleni C Tzavela
- Adolescent Health Unit (AHU), Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (N.K.U.A.), Athens, Greece
| | - Mari Janikian
- Adolescent Health Unit (AHU), Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (N.K.U.A.), Athens, Greece
| | - Kjartan Ólafsson
- University of Akureyri, Iceland and Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | - Andreea Iordache
- Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Chara Tzavara
- Adolescent Health Unit (AHU), Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (N.K.U.A.), Athens, Greece
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Nordstrom AH, Goguen LMS, Hiester M. The Effect of Social Anxiety and Self-Esteem on College Adjustment, Academics, and Retention. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE COUNSELING 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2161-1882.2014.00047.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Asbrand J, Krämer M, Tuschen-Caffier B, Schmitz J. Der Einfluss von situativer Angst auf die soziale Performanz und Selbstbewertung von Kindern mit sozialen Ängsten. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KLINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1026/1616-3443/a000254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Theoretischer Hintergrund: Studien zu sozialen Fertigkeiten und der Selbstbewertung von Kindern mit sozialen Ängsten zeigen ein heterogenes Bild. Fragestellung: Als ein möglicherweise wichtiger, jedoch bisher unbeachteter Einflussfaktor für die Erklärung dieser inkonsistenten Befunde wird die situative Angst während sozialer Situationen untersucht. Methode: Kinder mit hoher/niedriger sozialer Angst (HSA/NSA, je n=20) absolvierten zwei sozial-evaluative Aufgaben. Soziale Performanz, Selbsteinschätzungen sowie situative Angst wurden erfasst. Ergebnisse: HSA-Kinder zeigten eine verminderte soziale Performanz im Vergleich zur NSA-Gruppe in beiden Aufgaben (ηp2=.234). In beiden Gruppen verringerte sich die situative Angst über die Aufgaben hinweg (ηp2=.143), während sich die Selbstbewertungen parallel verbesserten (ηp2=.376) und einen hohen Zusammenhang zur situativen Angst zeigten. Schlussfolgerungen: Angstexposition und -habituation haben somit möglicherweise einen direkten positiven Einfluss auf die Selbstbewertungen von HSA Kindern. Für den Aufbau sozialer Fertigkeiten bei HSA-Kindern sind wahrscheinlich gezielte Interventionen nötig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Asbrand
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Institut für Psychologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
| | - Martina Krämer
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Institut für Psychologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
| | - Brunna Tuschen-Caffier
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Institut für Psychologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
| | - Julian Schmitz
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Institut für Psychologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
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Caouette JD, Guyer AE. Gaining insight into adolescent vulnerability for social anxiety from developmental cognitive neuroscience. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2014; 8:65-76. [PMID: 24239049 PMCID: PMC3960349 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) markedly impairs daily functioning. For adolescents, SAD can constrain typical development precisely when social experiences broaden, peers' opinions are highly salient, and social approval is actively sought. Individuals with extreme, impairing social anxiety fear evaluation from others, avoid social interactions, and interpret ambiguous social cues as threatening. Yet some degree of social anxiety can be normative and non-impairing. Furthermore, a temperament of behavioral inhibition increases risk for SAD for some, but not all adolescents with this temperament. One fruitful approach taken to understand the mechanisms of social anxiety has been to use neuroimaging to link affect and cognition with neural networks implicated in the neurodevelopmental social reorientation of adolescence. Although initial neuroimaging studies of adolescent SAD and risk for SAD underscored the role of fear-processing circuits (e.g., the amygdala and ventral prefrontal cortex), recent work has expanded these circuits to include reward-processing structures in the basal ganglia. A growing focus on reward-related neural circuitry holds promise for innovative translational research needed to differentiate impairing from normative social anxiety and for novel ways to treat adolescent SAD that focus on both social avoidance and social approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Caouette
- Department of Human Ecology, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Amanda E Guyer
- Department of Human Ecology, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
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45
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The self-report Version of the LSAS-CA: Psychometric Properties of the French Version in a non-clinical adolescent sample. Psychol Belg 2014. [DOI: 10.5334/pb.al] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Vassilopoulos SP, Brouzos A, Damer DE, Mellou A, Mitropoulou A. A Psychoeducational School-Based Group Intervention for Socially Anxious Children. JOURNAL FOR SPECIALISTS IN GROUP WORK 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01933922.2013.819953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lim SW, Ha J, Shin YC, Shin DW, Bae SM, Oh KS. Clinical differences between early- and late-onset social anxiety disorders. Early Interv Psychiatry 2013; 7:44-50. [PMID: 22309464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7893.2012.00341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical differences between early- and late-onset social anxiety disorder (SAD) in the Korean population. METHODS Three hundred and eighty-seven outpatients diagnosed with SAD participated in this study. Confirmation of SAD diagnosis was based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. All subjects completed the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale and anxiety-trait-related scales such as the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, Retrospective Self-Report of Inhibition, Trait Form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory. RESULTS The early-onset group (n = 209) consisted of subjects aged up to 18 years at the time of onset, whereas the late-onset group (n = 178) consisted of subjects older than 18 years at the time of onset. Early-onset SAD patients were more likely to have the generalized subtype and to visit clinics with chief complaints other than social anxiety symptoms. They exhibited more severe symptoms and higher behavioural inhibitions. After adjusting for age and symptom severity, behavioural inhibition was the only significant difference between the two groups. The degree of behavioural inhibitions was associated with earlier onset age. CONCLUSION Symptom severity and behavioural inhibitions, especially in social/school situations, were clinical characteristics that differentiated between early- and late-onset SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Won Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gren-Landell M, Aho N, Carlsson E, Jones A, Svedin CG. Posttraumatic stress symptoms and mental health services utilization in adolescents with social anxiety disorder and experiences of victimization. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2013; 22:177-84. [PMID: 23099817 PMCID: PMC3586047 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-012-0336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings from studies on adults show similarities between social anxiety disorder (SAD) and posttraumatic stress in the form of recurrent memories and intrusive and distressing images of earlier aversive events. Further, treatment models for SAD in adults have been successfully developed by using transdiagnostic knowledge on posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Studies on adolescents are though missing. The present study aimed at exploring the association between PTSS and SAD in Swedish adolescents. A second aim was to study mental health services utilization in relation to these conditions. A total of 5,960 high-school students participated and reported on SAD, life time victimization, PTSS and mental health service utilization. Socially anxious adolescents reported significantly higher levels of PTSS than adolescents not reporting SAD and this difference was seen in victimized as well as non-victimized subjects. Contact with a school counselor was the most common mental health service utilization in subjects with SAD and those with elevated PTSS. In the prediction of contact with a CAP-clinic, significant odds ratios were found for a condition of SAD and elevated PTSS (OR = 4.88, 95% CI = 3.53-6.73) but not for SAD only. Screening of PTSS in adolescents with SAD is recommended. The service of school counselors is important in detecting and helping young people with SAD and elevated PTSS. Clinical studies on SAD and PTSS in adolescents could aid in modifying treatment models for SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Gren-Landell
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, The University Hospital of Linköping, S-581 85, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Nikolas Aho
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Carlsson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Annica Jones
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carl Göran Svedin
- The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Meeting online contacts in real life among adolescents: The predictive role of psychosocial wellbeing and internet-specific parenting. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractContradictory evidence exists regarding the benefit of the Internet for social and personal wellbeing, with some studies indicating deleterious effects and others possible social enrichment. The potential for increased social isolation from ‘overinvolvement’ in online activities or, conversely, the Internet's possibilities for enhancing social relationships, may be particularly salient during young adulthood and adolescence because of the special importance of the peer group during this developmental phase. This study was an investigation of the relationships between the levels of identity development, Internet use and social anxiety among a sample of 161 older adolescents/young adults aged between 18 and 25. Results indicated that, for males only, higher levels of social anxiety and less mature identity statuses were associated with more frequent Internet use, specifically time spent in chatrooms, online browsing for personal use, and games. For females (who were in this sample less socially anxious, more identity-developed, and lower users of the Internet than males), social anxiety and identity status were not significantly associated with time spent online. Discussion centred around the potential roles of Internet use in reinforcing already-existing social anxiety or, alternatively, in supporting and maintaining social contacts in those with lower levels of social deficit.
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