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Heiskanen S, Helenius I, Syvänen J, Kemppainen T, Löyttyniemi E, Ahonen M, Gissler M, Raitio A. Maternal risk factors for congenital vertebral formation and mixed defects: A population-based case-control study. J Child Orthop 2024; 18:340-345. [PMID: 38831858 PMCID: PMC11144371 DOI: 10.1177/18632521241235027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology and risk factors of congenital vertebral anomalies are mainly unclear in isolated cases. Also, there are no reports on the risk factors for different subgroups of vertebral anomalies. Therefore, we assessed and identified potential maternal risk factors for these anomalies and hypothesized that diabetes, other chronic diseases, smoking, obesity, and medication in early pregnancy would increase the risk of congenital vertebral anomalies. Methods All cases with congenital vertebral anomalies were identified in the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformations from 1997 to 2016 for this nationwide register-based case-control study. Five matched controls without vertebral malformations were randomly selected. Analyzed maternal risk factors included maternal age, body mass index, parity, smoking, history of miscarriages, chronic diseases, and prescription drug purchases in early pregnancy. Results The register search identified 256 cases with congenital vertebral malformations. After excluding 66 syndromic cases, 190 non-syndromic malformations (74 formation defects, 4 segmentation defects, and 112 mixed anomalies) were included in the study. Maternal smoking was a significant risk factor for formation defects (adjusted odds ratio 2.33, 95% confidence interval 1.21-4.47). Also, pregestational diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 8.53, 95% confidence interval 2.33-31.20) and rheumatoid arthritis (adjusted odds ratio 13.19, 95% confidence interval 1.31-132.95) were associated with mixed vertebral anomalies. Conclusion Maternal pregestational diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis were associated with an increased risk of mixed vertebral anomalies. Maternal smoking increases the risk of formation defects and represents an avoidable risk factor for congenital scoliosis. Level of evidence III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Heiskanen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka Helenius
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Syvänen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Kemppainen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Ahonen
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Gissler
- Knowledge Brokers, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arimatias Raitio
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Hsu C, Li H. Interplay of cardiovascular health and diabetes: Insights into weight management and risk reduction. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:707-710. [PMID: 38389209 PMCID: PMC11143415 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chih‐Yao Hsu
- Department of Internal MedicineTaipei City Hospital, Ren‐Ai BranchTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hung‐Yuan Li
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
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Da Silva AM, De Lavôr JR, Freitas VS, Vieira AR. Risk of orofacial clefts in relation to maternal body mass index, diabetes and hypertension. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2024; 17:41-48. [PMID: 38277306 DOI: 10.3233/npm-230118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate if maternal body mass index, diabetes and hypertension are associated with orofacial clefts. METHODS Case-control study. Information from 53,188 live births with and without orofacial cleft registered at USA Vital Statistics Natality Birth Data between 2017 and 2021. Case group consisted of all affected live births diagnosed with orofacial clefts (13,297 cases). Comparison group consisted of 39,891 live births without clefts or any other congenital malformation. Information about orofacial cleft cases were compared with the comparison group. The unadjusted and adjusted Odds Ratios were estimated to evaluate the strength of association between mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal diabetes and hypertension and orofacial cleft occurrence, assuming a p value < 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals (95% C.I.) for statistically significant differences. RESULTS Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal diabetes and maternal hypertension are conditions associated with an increased risk of orofacial cleft development in the child (OR = 1.08, p = 0.004, 95% C.I. = 1.024-1.149; OR = 1.32, 95%, p = 0.000, 95% C.I. = 1.202-1.444; and OR = 1.35, p = 0.000, 95% C.I. = 1.239-1.484; respectively). Maternal ethnicity, sex of infant, and cigarette smoking pregnancy remained as covariates after adjustments in all logistic regression models. CONCLUSION Due to the increased prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, and also to their association with congenital malformations, such as clefts, it is recommended that mothers planning to become pregnant to follow healthy habits, maintain healthy weight, and be screened for possible diabetes or hypertension prior to conception and early in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Da Silva
- Public Health PhD Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J R De Lavôr
- Pediatric Dentistry PhD Graduate Program, State University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - V S Freitas
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - A R Vieira
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Ren Q, Wang Z, Yang W, Han X, Ji L. Maternal and Infant Outcomes in GCK-MODY Complicated by Pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2739-2746. [PMID: 37011183 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Challenges exist in the management of Glucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY), especially during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to evaluate the prevalence of congenital anomaly in newborns from GCK-MODY mothers, and the relationship between fetus genotype and the risk of congenital malformation as well as other adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane database last updated July 16, 2022, were searched. We included observational studies conducted in GCK-MODY complicated by pregnancy, and reporting at least one pregnancy outcome. We extracted data in duplicate, and the risk of bias was evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). All statistical analysis was performed by Cochrane Review Manager. RESULTS Eight studies were selected in the meta-analysis. Five were of high quality and 3 were of medium quality evaluated by NOS. A total of 257 GCK-MODY mothers and 499 offspring were enrolled. Among them, 370 offspring were divided into 2 groups: GCK-affected offspring (GCK+, n = 238) and GCK-unaffected offspring (GCK-, n = 132). The percentage of congenital malformations in GCK pregnant women's offspring was 2.4%. The risk of congenital malformations was similar between the GCK+ and GCK- group (odds ratio = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.07-4.51; I2 = 0%; P = .59). The risk of macrosomia/large for gestational age, neonatal hypoglycemia, and combined adverse neonatal outcome was significantly lower in offspring with the GCK mutation compared with non-GCK mutation carriers. CONCLUSION The percentage of congenital malformations was 2.4% in GCK-MODY pregnant women's offspring, and newborns with the GCK mutation have lower birth complication than non-GCK mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyao Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
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Raitio A, Heiskanen S, Syvänen J, Leinonen MK, Kemppainen T, Löyttyniemi E, Ahonen M, Gissler M, Helenius I. Maternal Risk Factors for Congenital Vertebral Anomalies: A Population-Based Study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2023; 105:1087-1092. [PMID: 37216430 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.22.01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spectrum of congenital vertebral defects varies from benign lesions to severe, life-threatening conditions. The etiology and maternal risk factors remain mainly unclear in isolated cases. Hence, we aimed to assess and identify potential maternal risk factors for these anomalies. Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that maternal diabetes, smoking, advanced maternal age, obesity, chronic diseases, and medication used during the first trimester of pregnancy might increase the risk of congenital vertebral malformations. METHODS We performed a nationwide register-based case-control study. All cases with vertebral anomalies (including live births, stillbirths, and terminations for fetal anomaly) were identified in the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformations from 1997 to 2016. Five matched controls from the same geographic region were randomly selected for each case. Analyzed maternal risk factors included age, body mass index (BMI), parity, smoking, history of miscarriages, chronic diseases, and prescription drugs dispensed during the first trimester of pregnancy. RESULTS In total, 256 cases with diagnosed congenital vertebral anomalies were identified. After excluding 66 malformations associated with known syndromes, 190 nonsyndromic malformation cases were included. These were compared with 950 matched controls. Maternal pregestational diabetes was a significant risk factor for congenital vertebral anomalies (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 7.30 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.53 to 21.09). Also, rheumatoid arthritis (adjusted OR, 22.91 [95% CI, 2.67 to 196.40]), estrogens (adjusted OR, 5.30 [95% CI, 1.57 to 17.8]), and heparins (adjusted OR, 8.94 [95% CI, 1.38 to 57.9]) were associated with elevated risk. In a sensitivity analysis using imputation, maternal smoking was also significantly associated with an elevated risk (adjusted OR, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.05 to 2.34]). CONCLUSIONS Maternal pregestational diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis increased the risk of congenital vertebral anomalies. Also, estrogens and heparins, both of which are frequently used in assisted reproductive technologies, were associated with an increased risk. Sensitivity analysis suggested an increased risk of vertebral anomalies with maternal smoking, warranting further studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic Level III . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arimatias Raitio
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Susanna Heiskanen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Syvänen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maarit K Leinonen
- Knowledge Brokers, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Kemppainen
- Department of Biostatistics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Ahonen
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Gissler
- Knowledge Brokers, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilkka Helenius
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Chen ZY, Mao SF, Guo LH, Qin J, Yang LX, Liu Y. Effect of maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus on congenital heart diseases. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:303-314. [PMID: 35838899 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing population of diabetes mellitus in adolescent girls and women of childbearing age contributes to a large number of pregnancies with maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus. Congenital heart diseases are a common adverse outcome in mothers with pregestational diabetes mellitus. However, there is little systematic information between maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus and congenital heart diseases in the offspring. DATA SOURCES Literature selection was performed in PubMed. One hundred and seven papers were cited in our review, including 36 clinical studies, 26 experimental studies, 31 reviews, eight meta-analysis articles, and six of other types. RESULTS Maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus poses a high risk of congenital heart diseases in the offspring and causes variety of phenotypes of congenital heart diseases. Factors such as persistent maternal hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, polymorphism of uncoupling protein 2, polymorphism of adiponectin gene, Notch 1 pathway, Nkx2.5 disorders, dysregulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1, and viral etiologies are associated with the occurrence of congenital heart diseases in the offspring of mothers with pregestational diabetes mellitus. Treatment options including blood sugar-reducing, anti-oxidative stress drug supplements and exercise can help to prevent maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus from inducing congenital heart diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our review contributes to a better understanding of the association between maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus and congenital heart diseases in the offspring and to a profound thought of the mechanism, preventive and therapeutic measurements of congenital heart diseases caused by maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yan Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Shuang-Fa Mao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Ling-Hong Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Li-Xin Yang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, 643000, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China.
- Animal Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Gestational age, birth weight, and perinatal complications in mothers with diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance: Japan Environment and Children's Study cohort. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269610. [PMID: 35666987 PMCID: PMC9170270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the risk of perinatal complications during delivery in mothers with non-normal glucose tolerance in a large Japanese birth cohort. We analysed data of 24,295 neonate–mother pairs in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study cohort between 2011 and 2014. We included 67 mothers with type 1 diabetes, 102 with type 2 diabetes (determined by questionnaire), 2,045 with gestational diabetes (determined by diagnosis), and 2,949 with plasma glucose levels ≥140 mg/dL (shown by a screening test for gestational diabetes). Gestational age, birth weight, placental weight, and proportions of preterm birth, and labour and neonatal complications at delivery in mothers with diabetes were compared with those in mothers with normal glucose tolerance. Mean gestational age was shorter in mothers with any type of diabetes than in mothers without diabetes. Birth weight tended to be heavier in mothers with type 1 diabetes, and placental weight was significantly heavier in mothers with type 1 and gestational diabetes and elevated plasma glucose levels (all p<0.05). The relative risks of any labour complication and any neonatal complication were 1.49 and 2.28 in type 2 diabetes, 1.59 and 1.95 in gestational diabetes, and 1.22 and 1.30 in a positive screening test result (all p<0.05). The relative risks of preterm birth, gestational hypertension, and neonatal jaundice were significantly higher in mothers with types 1 (2.77; 4.07; 2.04) and 2 diabetes (2.65; 5.84; 1.99) and a positive screening test result (1.29; 1.63; 1.12) than in those without diabetes (all p<0.05). In conclusion, placental weight is heavier in mothers with non-normal glucose tolerance. Preterm birth, gestational hypertension, and jaundice are more frequent in mothers with types 1 and 2 diabetes. A positive result in a screening test for gestational diabetes suggests not only a non-normal glucose tolerance, but also a medium (middle-level) risk of perinatal complications.
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van Duijn L, Steegers-Theunissen RP, Baart EB, Willemsen S, Laven JS, Rousian M. The impact of culture medium used in IVF-treatment on post-implantation embryonic growth and development with emphasis on sex-specificity: The Rotterdam Periconception Cohort. Reprod Biomed Online 2022; 45:1085-1096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oxidative Stress Profile of Mothers and Their Offspring after Maternal Consumption of High-Fat Diet in Rodents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9073859. [PMID: 34868458 PMCID: PMC8636978 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9073859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to the high-fat diet (HFD) during gestation or lactation can be harmful to both a mother and offspring. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate the studies with animal models (rodents) that were exposed to the high-fat diet during pregnancy and/or lactation period to investigate oxidative stress and lipid and liver enzyme profile of mothers and their offspring. The electronic search was performed in the PUBMED (Public/Publisher MEDLINE), EMBASE (Ovid), and Web of Science databases. Data from 77 studies were included for qualitative analysis, and of these, 13 studies were included for meta-analysis by using a random effects model. The pooled analysis revealed higher malondialdehyde levels in offspring of high-fat diet groups. Furthermore, the pooled analysis showed increased reactive oxygen species and lower superoxide dismutase and catalase in offspring of mothers exposed to high-fat diet during pregnancy and/or lactation. Despite significant heterogeneity, the systematic review shows oxidative stress in offspring induced by maternal HFD.
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Kim KI, Lee YS, Kim JY, Chung SW. Effect of diabetes and corticosteroid injection on glenohumeral joint capsule in a rat stiffness model. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2021; 30:2814-2823. [PMID: 34273535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of diabetes and corticosteroid injected in the joints on the shoulder motion, gait, and joint capsular properties in a rat stiffness model. METHODS A total of 27 rats were randomly distributed into 3 groups-nondiabetes group (group A), diabetes group (group B), and diabetes plus steroid injection group (group C). The diabetes model was developed by inducing hyperglycemia with a submaximal dose of streptozotocin and the stiffness model by completely immobilizing the right shoulder of each animal in all groups with sutures passed between the scapula and humeral shaft. The left shoulder was used as an untreated control in all groups. Three weeks after immobilization, the sutures were removed in all groups, and a single dose of triamcinolone acetonide (0.5 mg/kg) was injected into the glenohumeral joint in group C. After 3 weeks of free activity, range of motion (ROM) evaluation, gait analysis by stride length, and capsular area measurement were performed in all rats. RESULTS Hyperglycemia was successfully induced with a mean blood glucose level of 448.9±55.9 mg/dL in group B and 431.6±17.8 mg/dL in group C, which were significantly higher than 136.5±13.4 mg/dL in group A (P < .001). A significantly smaller ROM and stride length were found in the right (stiffness-induced) shoulder than that in the left (control) shoulder only in group B, and significantly larger capsular area in the right shoulder than that in the left shoulder in groups A and B (all P < .05). However, in group C, there were no differences between the right and left shoulders in all measurements (all P > .05). In case of the right shoulders in each group, group C showed significantly larger ROM (68° ± 11° vs. 42° ± 7°) and smaller capsular area (3934.4 ± 537.1 pixels vs. 7402.3 ± 1840.3 pixels) than group B (all P < .0167). CONCLUSIONS The diabetic model had a detrimental effect on the development of stiffness by thickening the joint capsule, and an intra-articular steroid injection resolved the thickened joint capsule and restored shoulder motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Il Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Lee
- Joint Center, Barunsesang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeon Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wu XX, Ge RX, Huang L, Tian FY, Chen YX, Wu LL, Niu JM. Pregestational diabetes mediates the association between maternal obesity and the risk of congenital heart defects. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 13:367-374. [PMID: 34510805 PMCID: PMC8847144 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION We aimed to explore whether the association between obesity and congenital heart defects (CHDs) can be mediated by maternal pregestational diabetes (PGDM). MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 53,708 mother-infant pairs with deliveries between 2017 and 2019 from the Birth Cohort in Shenzhen. Mothers were categorized into four groups: the underweight group (body mass index [BMI] <18.5), normal weight group (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24), overweight group (24 ≤ BMI < 28) and obesity group (BMI ≥28). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between BMI and CHDs. Mediation analysis was used to confirm the effect of PGDM on the association between maternal obesity and CHDs. RESULTS The proportion of obese individuals in the Birth Cohort in Shenzhen was 2.11%. Overall, 372 (0.69%) infants were diagnosed with CHDs. Maternal obesity was associated with an increased risk of CHDs (odds ratio 1.97, 95% confidence interval 1.14-3.41). The mediation effect of PGDM on the association between maternal obesity and CHDs was significant (odds ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.06-1.32). The estimated mediation proportion was 24.83%. CONCLUSIONS Maternal obesity was associated with increased risk for CHDs, and PGDM partially mediated the association between maternal obesity and CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ru-Xiu Ge
- Department of Obstetrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fu-Ying Tian
- Department of Obstetrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Min Niu
- Department of Obstetrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Raitio A, Tauriainen A, Leinonen MK, Syvänen J, Kemppainen T, Löyttyniemi E, Sankilampi U, Gissler M, Hyvärinen A, Helenius I. Extended spectrum penicillins reduce the risk of omphalocele: A population-based case-control study. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:1590-1595. [PMID: 33250216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omphalocele is a major congenital anomaly associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Regardless, the influence of maternal use of prescription drugs on the risk of omphalocele has only been addressed in a handful of studies. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of maternal risk factors and prescription drugs in early pregnancy on the risk of omphalocele. METHODS We performed a nationwide register-based case-control study in Finland. The analysis is based on the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformations and Drugs and Pregnancy databases, both upheld by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. All omphalocele cases were identified between Jan 1, 2004, and Dec 31, 2014. Five age-matched controls from the same geographical region were randomly selected for each case. The main outcome measures were maternal risk factors for omphalocele. Our analysis compared the maternal characteristics and the use of prescription drugs during the first trimester of pregnancy between case and control mothers. RESULTS Mothers of 359 omphalocele cases were compared with 1738 randomly selected age and area-matched mothers of healthy infants between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2014. Both maternal obesity (BMI ≥30) and diabetes increased the risk for omphalocele, and their co-occurrence accumulated this risk (aOR 5.06, 95% Cl 1.19-21.4). Similarly, history of multiple miscarriages was an independent risk factor (2.51, 1.16-5.43). The oral use of extended spectrum penicillins during the first trimester of pregnancy had a significant, protective influence (0.17, 0.04-0.71). These analyses were adjusted for sex, parity, and risk factors reported above. No significant changes in risk were observed with any other medication used during the first trimester. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these findings may suggest that extended spectrum penicillins in the first trimester reduces the risk of omphalocle formation. Additionally, consistent with earlier studies, previous repeated miscarriages, maternal obesity, and diabetes were significant risk factors for omphalocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arimatias Raitio
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, PL 52, 20521, Turku, Finland.
| | - Asta Tauriainen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maarit K Leinonen
- Information Services Department, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Syvänen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, PL 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Kemppainen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Ulla Sankilampi
- Department of Paediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Gissler
- Information Services Department, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, PL 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland; Karolinska Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Solnavägen 1, 17177, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anna Hyvärinen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Elämänaukio, Kuntokatu 2, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilkka Helenius
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Chirino-Galindo G, López-Quintero IV, Ramírez-Domínguez LB, Cabrera-Nájera LE, Estrella-Parra EA, García-Bores AM, Palomar-Morales M. Verbascoside-enriched fraction from Buddleja cordata Kunth ameliorates the effects of diabetic embryopathy in an animal model. Birth Defects Res 2021; 113:981-994. [PMID: 33750035 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The deleterious effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) over development are apparently due to an increase in oxidative stress. Some antioxidants could prevent developmental alterations produced by diabetic state. Extracts of plants of the genus Buddleja are used traditionally for Mexican indigens to ameliorate some diseases. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of the extract of Buddleja cordata over diabetic embryopathy. METHODS Two experimental approaches were used: an in vivo study and an in vitro model. In the first, rats were treated with streptozotocin, streptozotocin plus methanolic extract of B. cordata, or none. Females were sacrificed at gestational day (GD) 19, and biochemical clinical parameters were measured; also, the fetuses were obtained and morphologically analyzed. In the in vitro model, a verbascoside-enriched fraction (VEF) of the extract was used in whole embryo culture in order to search for the mechanisms for embryoprotection effect over hyperglycemia-induced malformations. RESULTS In the in vivo experiments, B. cordata extract reduces the frequency and severity of fetal malformations produced by chemically induced diabetes, and additionally partially ameliorates the diabetic condition; in the in vitro model, both severity and frequency of embryo dysmorphogenesis were reduced by the VEF; also, this fraction reduces lipoperoxidation without affecting the activity of the antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION The results suggest that verbascoside of methanolic extract and enriched fraction can directly affect the redox state, and thus, prevents the embryotoxicity mediated by oxidative stress, in embryos of diabetic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys Chirino-Galindo
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo de la Diabetes Mellitus, Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - Ilse-Valeria López-Quintero
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo de la Diabetes Mellitus, Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - Liliana-Berenice Ramírez-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo de la Diabetes Mellitus, Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - Leonardo-Elías Cabrera-Nájera
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo de la Diabetes Mellitus, Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - Edgar-Antonio Estrella-Parra
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Unidad de Biología y Prototipos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - Ana-María García-Bores
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Unidad de Biología y Prototipos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - Martín Palomar-Morales
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo de la Diabetes Mellitus, Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico
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Dicks N, Gutierrez K, Currin L, de Macedo MP, Glanzner WG, Mondadori RG, Michalak M, Agellon LB, Bordignon V. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid/TGR5 signaling promotes survival and early development of glucose-stressed porcine embryos†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:76-86. [PMID: 33889948 PMCID: PMC8256098 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Conditions of impaired energy and nutrient homeostasis, such as diabetes and obesity, are associated with infertility. Hyperglycemia increases endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as oxidative stress and reduces embryo development and quality. Oxidative stress also causes deoxyribonucleic acid damage, which impairs embryo quality and development. The natural bile acid tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress and rescues developmentally incompetent late-cleaving embryos, as well as embryos subjected to nuclear stress, suggesting the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, or unfolded protein response, and the genome damage response are linked. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid acts via the Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 to alleviate nuclear stress in embryos. To evaluate the role of tauroursodeoxycholic acid/Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 signaling in embryo unfolded protein response, we used a model of glucose-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Embryo development was impaired by direct injection of tauroursodeoxycholic acid into parthenogenetically activated oocytes, whereas it was improved when tauroursodeoxycholic acid was added to the culture medium. Attenuation of the Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 precluded the positive effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid supplementation on development of parthenogenetically activated and fertilized embryos cultured under standard conditions and parthenogenetically activated embryos cultured with excess glucose. Moreover, attenuation of tauroursodeoxycholic acid/Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 signaling induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress and cell survival genes, but decreased expression of pluripotency genes in parthenogenetically activated embryos cultured under excess glucose conditions. These data suggest that Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 signaling pathways link the unfolded protein response and genome damage response. Furthermore, this study identifies Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 signaling as a potential target for mitigating fertility issues caused by nutrient excess-associated blastomere stress and embryo death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Dicks
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Luke Currin
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Rafael G Mondadori
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
- ReproPel, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luis B Agellon
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Bueno A, Sinzato YK, Volpato GT, Gallego FQ, Perecin F, Rodrigues T, Damasceno DC. Severity of prepregnancy diabetes on the fetal malformations and viability associated with early embryos in rats†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:938-950. [PMID: 32870261 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preexisting/pregestational diabetes enhances the risk of birth defects. Several factors have been involved during the implantation process, such as cytokines (granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]). The objective was to evaluate the effects of two levels of diabetes on the redox status of preimplantation embryos during the implantation process to comprehend how both are involved in embryo and fetal viability against maternal diabetes. Female Sprague-Dawley rats received streptozotocin at birth (mild diabetes [MD]) or at adulthood (severe diabetes [SD]) to obtain two experimental diabetes intensities. After confirming the diabetic status, the nondiabetic and diabetic groups were mated around day 110 of life. At gestational day (GD) 21, fetuses were assessed for viability and malformations and ovaries for embryo loss before implantation. Other pregnant nondiabetic and diabetic rats were sacrificed at GD2-4 for maternal and preimplantation embryo oxidative stress markers, maternal serum insulin, uterine fluid GM-CSF, and preimplantation embryo morphological analysis. MD and SD caused abnormal redox levels, lower GM-CSF and insulin levels during the preimplantation period, and embryonic loss before implantation. SD caused lower fetal viability and higher fetal malformation percentages at GD21. The SD dam-derived preimplantation embryos presented lower glutathione levels and higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration at GD3 and an increased frequency of abnormal preimplantation embryos at GD4. In conclusion, preexisting diabetes leads to complications in the implantation process. Furthermore, maternal oxidative stress and other metabolic changes alter the redox state and morphological structure of preimplantation embryos, contributing to damaged growth and development in late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Bueno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Yuri Karen Sinzato
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Tadeu Volpato
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Franciane Quintanilha Gallego
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Felipe Perecin
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina Damasceno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
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16
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A treatment with a boiled aqueous extract of Hancornia speciosa Gomes leaves improves the metabolic status of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:114. [PMID: 32303220 PMCID: PMC7164147 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Background Hancornia speciosa is usually used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat diabetes. The hypothesis of the present study is that this medicinal plant exerts beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, preventing diabetic complications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment effect of the aqueous extract of H. speciosa leaves on metabolic parameters of diabetic rats. Methods The H. speciosa extract (400 mg/Kg) was administered to both nondiabetic and severely diabetic female Wistar rats by gavage. The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test was performed and the area under the curve (AUC) was estimated on day 17 of pregnancy. After 21 days of treatment, the animals were anesthetized and killed to obtain organ weights. Blood samples were collected for an analysis of serum biochemical parameters. Results After treatment with the H. speciosa extract, the parameters of nondiabetic rats remained unchanged. In treated diabetic rats, glycemia, AUC, dyslipidemia parameters, and relative organ weights were decreased compared with nontreated diabetic rats. Severely diabetic rats showed decompensated hyperglycemia, polydipsia, hyperphagia and dyslipidemia. However, the aqueous extract of H. speciosa leaves decreased diabetes complications (indicating a lack of toxicity), reduced blood glucose levels, and exerced lipid-lowering effects. Conclusion Based on or findings, the H. speciosa leaf extract may be a safe and promising candidate treatment for diabetes and other diseases.
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Engineer A, Saiyin T, Greco ER, Feng Q. Say NO to ROS: Their Roles in Embryonic Heart Development and Pathogenesis of Congenital Heart Defects in Maternal Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100436. [PMID: 31581464 PMCID: PMC6826639 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most prevalent and serious birth defect, occurring in 1% of all live births. Pregestational maternal diabetes is a known risk factor for the development of CHDs, elevating the risk in the child by more than four-fold. As the prevalence of diabetes rapidly rises among women of childbearing age, there is a need to investigate the mechanisms and potential preventative strategies for these defects. In experimental animal models of pregestational diabetes induced-CHDs, upwards of 50% of offspring display congenital malformations of the heart, including septal, valvular, and outflow tract defects. Specifically, the imbalance of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling is a major driver of the development of CHDs in offspring of mice with pregestational diabetes. NO from endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is crucial to cardiogenesis, regulating various cellular and molecular processes. In fact, deficiency in eNOS results in CHDs and coronary artery malformation. Embryonic hearts from diabetic dams exhibit eNOS uncoupling and oxidative stress. Maternal treatment with sapropterin, a cofactor of eNOS, and antioxidants such as N-acetylcysteine, vitamin E, and glutathione as well as maternal exercise have been shown to improve eNOS function, reduce oxidative stress, and lower the incidence CHDs in the offspring of mice with pregestational diabetes. This review summarizes recent data on pregestational diabetes-induced CHDs, and offers insights into the important roles of NO and ROS in embryonic heart development and pathogenesis of CHDs in maternal diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Engineer
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Tana Saiyin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Elizabeth R Greco
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Qingping Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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Bcl-2 expression in a diabetic embryopathy model in presence of polyamines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:821-829. [PMID: 31485886 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The frequency of congenital malformations is 3-5 times higher in mothers with pregestational diabetes mellitus than in general population. Apparently, this problem is due to change in the expression of apoptotic and antiapoptotic genes induced by the oxidative stress derived from the diabetes/hyperglycemia. One of these genes is Bcl-2, which is associated with the control and inhibition of apoptosis. The purpose of the present work was to study the effect of polyamine addition over expression of Bcl-2 gene in a model of diabetic embryopathy. For this, gestational day 10.5 (GD10.5) rat embryos were incubated at 37°C for 24 h in control medium, medium with high glucose, or medium with high glucose and supplemented with spermidine or spermine. Post-cultured embryos were harvested and observed to obtain morphological scores; some of them were subjected to molecular biology studies: DNA isolation plus conventional PCR or RNA isolation plus RT-PCR; other embryos were fixed with paraformaldehyde and used for immunohistochemical detection of Bcl-2 protein. Although Bcl-2 mRNA was similarly expressed in all rat embryo treatments, Bcl-2 protein was found only in control-incubated embryos. In conclusion, it seems that the inhibition of Bcl-2 gene expression induced by glucose was not reversed by polyamines.
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Siebold B, Heike CL, Leroux BG, Speltz ML, Drake AF, Johns AL, Kapp-Simon KA, Magee L, Luquetti DV. Evaluation of prenatal diabetes mellitus and other risk factors for craniofacial microsomia. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111:649-658. [PMID: 30927385 PMCID: PMC6602800 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital condition that typically involves hypoplasia of the ear and jaw. It is often associated with adverse effects such as hearing loss and sleep-disordered breathing. There is little research on its etiology. METHODS We conducted a case-control study from maternal interview data collected from mothers of infants with and without CFM. The study included 108 children with and 84 children without CFM. Logistic regression with adjustment for demographic factors was used to evaluate associations between maternal exposures of interest and risk for CFM overall, as well as for different phenotypic sub-groups of children on the CFM spectrum. RESULTS We found a statistically significant association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and CFM (OR 4.01, 95% CI 1.6-10.5). The association was slightly attenuated after adjustment for BMI. Higher parity was also associated with increased risk for CFM (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0-4.0). Vitamin A consumption and/or liver consumption was associated with a 70% lower risk compared with non-users (OR 0.3, 95% 0.1-0.8). Maternal age at the time of pregnancy was not associated with CFM. CONCLUSIONS These analyses contribute evidence linking maternal DM with an elevated risk of having an infant with CFM, which is consistent with previous research and adds to the body of knowledge about the strength of this association. Further study is warranted to understand the potential mechanisms underlying the effect of DM in the developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babette Siebold
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA
| | - Carrie L. Heike
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Matthew L. Speltz
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Kathleen A. Kapp-Simon
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Chicago, IL
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Leanne Magee
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniela V. Luquetti
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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20
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Romo-Yáñez J, Domínguez-Castro M, Flores-Reyes JS, Estrada-Juárez H, Mancilla-Herrera I, Hernández-Pineda J, Bazan-Tejeda ML, Aguinaga-Ríos M, Reyes-Muñoz E. Hyperglycemia differentially affects proliferation, apoptosis, and BNIP3 and p53 mRNA expression of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly cells from non-diabetic and diabetic pregnancies. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:1149-1154. [PMID: 30554659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes in pregnancy constitutes an unfavorable environment for embryonic and fetal development, where the child has a higher risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality, with high incidence of congenital malformations and predisposition to long-term metabolic diseases that increase with a hypercaloric diet. To analyze whether hyperglycemia differentially affects proliferation, apoptosis, and mRNA expression in cells from children of normoglycemic pregnancies (NGPs) and diabetes mellitus pregnancies (DMPs), we used umbilical cord Wharton jelly cells as a research model. Proliferation assays were performed to analyze growth and determine the doubling time, and the rate of apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry-annexin-V assays. AMPK, BNIP3, HIF1α, and p53 mRNA gene expression was assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. We found that hyperglycemia decreased proliferation in a statistically significant manner in NGP cells treated with 40 mM D-glucose and in DMP cells treated with 30 and 40 mM D-glucose. Apoptosis increased in hyperglycemic conditions in NGP and DMP cells. mRNA expression of BNIP3 and p53 was significantly increased in cells from DMPs but not in cells from NGPs. We found evidence that maternal irregular metabolic conditions, like diabetes with hyperglycemia in culture, affect biological properties of fetal cells. These observations could be a constituent of fetal programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Romo-Yáñez
- Departamento de Genética y Genómica Humana, INPer, Mexico City, Mexico; Coordinación de Endocrinología Ginecológica y Perinatal, INPer, Mexico.
| | - Mauricio Domínguez-Castro
- Departamento de Genética y Genómica Humana, INPer, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Fisiologia y Desarrollo Celular, INPer, Mexico
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The Free Radical Diseases of Prematurity: From Cellular Mechanisms to Bedside. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7483062. [PMID: 30140369 PMCID: PMC6081521 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7483062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the perinatal period, free radicals (FRs) are involved in several physiological roles such as the cellular responses to noxia, the defense against infectious agents, the regulation of cellular signaling function, and the induction of a mitogenic response. However, the overproduction of FRs and the insufficiency of an antioxidant mechanism result in oxidative stress (OS) which represents a deleterious process and an important mediator of damage to the placenta and the developing fetus. After birth, OS can be magnified by other predisposing conditions such as hypoxia, hyperoxia, ischemia, hypoxia ischemia-reperfusion, inflammation, and high levels of nonprotein-bound iron. Newborns are particularly susceptible to OS and oxidative damage due to the increased generation of FRs and the lack of adequate antioxidant protection. This impairment of the oxidative balance has been thought to be the common factor of the so-called “free radical related diseases of prematurity,” including retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, necrotizing enterocolitis, kidney damage, and oxidative hemolysis. In this review, we provide an update focused on the factors influencing these diseases refining the knowledge about the role of OS in their pathogenesis and the current evidences of such relationship. Mechanisms governing FR formation and subsequent OS may represent targets for counteracting tissue damage.
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Asoglu MR, Gabbay-Benziv R, Turan OM, Turan S. Exposure of the developing heart to diabetic environment and early cardiac assessment: A review. Echocardiography 2018; 35:244-257. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet R. Asoglu
- ObstetricsGynecology & Reproductive Sciences; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Rinat Gabbay-Benziv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Hillel Yaffe Medical Center; Hadera Israel
| | - Ozhan M. Turan
- ObstetricsGynecology & Reproductive Sciences; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore MD USA
| | - Sifa Turan
- ObstetricsGynecology & Reproductive Sciences; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore MD USA
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He MY, Wang G, Han SS, Li K, Jin Y, Liu M, Si ZP, Wang J, Liu GS, Yang X. Negative impact of hyperglycaemia on mouse alveolar development. Cell Cycle 2017; 17:80-91. [PMID: 29143549 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1403683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy has been known to affect the embryonic development of various systems, including cardiovascular and nervous systems. However, whether this disease could have a negative impact on embryonic respiratory system remains controversial. In this study, we demonstrated that pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM)-induced defects in lung development in mice are mainly characterized by the changes in the morphological structure of the lung. Immunostaining and Western blotting showed that proliferation increased and apoptosis decreased in PGDM. Hyperglycaemia caused pulmonary tissue fibrationas manifested by an increase in Masson staining and decorin expression in PGDM lungs, and the immunofluorescent pro-SPC+ type II pulmonary epithelial cell number was decreased. The alteration of pulmonary epithelial cell differentiation might be due to hyperglycaemia-activated Wnt signalling and suppressed GATA6 expression in PGDM mouse lung tissues and MLE-12 cells. The treatment of MLE-12 cells with high glucose in the presence/absence of XAV939 or su5402 further proved that hyperglycaemia suppressed the expression of GATA6 and pro-SPC by activating Wnt signalling and induced the expression of decorin, α-SMA and TGF-β by activating Fgf signalling. Therefore, in this study, we revealed that hyperglycemia induced dysfunctional pulmonary cell apoptosis and proliferation, as well as pulmonary myofibroblast hyperplasia, which contributed to the formation of aberrant structure of alveolar walls. Furthermore, the hyperglycaemia also inhibited the differentiation of pulmonary epithelial cells through the canonical Wnt and Fgf signalling, and the alteration of Fgf and Wnt signalling activated TGF-β, which would promote the AECII EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yao He
- a Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology , Institute of Fetal-Preterm Labor Medicine ; The First Affiliated Hospital , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Guang Wang
- b Division of Histology & Embryology , Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education , Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Sha-Sha Han
- a Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology , Institute of Fetal-Preterm Labor Medicine ; The First Affiliated Hospital , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Ke Li
- b Division of Histology & Embryology , Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education , Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Ya Jin
- a Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology , Institute of Fetal-Preterm Labor Medicine ; The First Affiliated Hospital , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Meng Liu
- b Division of Histology & Embryology , Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education , Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Zhen-Peng Si
- a Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology , Institute of Fetal-Preterm Labor Medicine ; The First Affiliated Hospital , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Ju Wang
- c Institute of Biomedicine , National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Guo-Sheng Liu
- a Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology , Institute of Fetal-Preterm Labor Medicine ; The First Affiliated Hospital , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- b Division of Histology & Embryology , Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education , Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
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Afiune LAF, Leal-Silva T, Sinzato YK, Moraes-Souza RQ, Soares TS, Campos KE, Fujiwara RT, Herrera E, Damasceno DC, Volpato GT. Beneficial effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower aqueous extract in pregnant rats with diabetes. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28644857 PMCID: PMC5482446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower is widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and has shown antifertility activity in female Wistar rats. However, there is no scientific confirmation of its effect on diabetes and pregnancy. The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of H. rosa-sinensis flowers on maternal-fetal outcome in pregnant rats with diabetes. Methods Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg) in virgin, adult, female Wistar rats. After diabetes induction, the rats were mated. The pregnant rats were distributed into four groups (n minimum = 11 animals/group): non-diabetic, non-diabetic treated, diabetic, and diabetic treated. Oral aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis was administered to rats in the treatment groups during pregnancy. At term pregnancy, maternal reproductive outcomes, fetal parameters, and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Results The non-diabetic treated group showed decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased atherogenic index (AI) and coronary artery risk index (CRI), and increased preimplantation loss rate compared to the non-diabetic group. Although treatment with H. rosa-sinensis led to no toxicity, it showed deleterious effects on cardiac and reproductive functions. However, the diabetic treated group showed increased maternal and fetal weights, reduced AI and CRI, and reduced preimplantation loss rate compared to the untreated diabetic group. Conclusion Our results demonstrate beneficial effects of this flower only in pregnant rats with diabetes and their offspring. Although these findings cannot be extrapolated to human clinical use, they show that the indiscriminate intake of H. rosa-sinensis may be harmful to healthy individuals and its use should be completely avoided in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Alves Freitas Afiune
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Thaís Leal-Silva
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Yuri Karen Sinzato
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Rafaianne Queiroz Moraes-Souza
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Thaigra Sousa Soares
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Kleber Eduardo Campos
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - Emilio Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Débora Cristina Damasceno
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Tadeu Volpato
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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25
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Feng H, Zhu WW, Yang HX, Wei YM, Wang C, Su RN, Hod M, Hadar E. Relationship between Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Characteristics and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:1012-1018. [PMID: 28469094 PMCID: PMC5421169 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.204928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the relationships between them remain ambiguous. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results on adverse perinatal outcomes. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included data from 15 hospitals in Beijing from June 20, 2013 to November 30, 2013. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were categorized according to the number and distribution of abnormal OGTT values, and the characteristics of adverse pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the associations. RESULTS In total, 14,741 pregnant women were included in the study population, 2927 (19.86%) of whom had GDM. As the number of hyperglycemic values in the OGTT increased, the risk of cesarean delivery, preterm births, large-for-gestational age (LGA), macrosomia, and neonatal complications significantly increased. Fasting hyperglycemia had clear associations with macrosomia (odds ratios [OR s]:1.84, 95% confidence intervals [CI s]: 1.39-2.42,P < 0.001), LGA (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.29-2.25,P < 0.001), and cesarean delivery (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.15-1.55,P < 0.001). The associations were stronger as fasting glucose increased. GDM diagnosed by hyperglycemia at OGTT-2 h was more likely to lead to preterm birth (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.11-2.03,P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Various characteristics of OGTTs are associated with different adverse outcomes. A careful reconsideration of GDM with hierarchical and individualized management according to OGTT characteristics is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
- Exchange and Cooperation Division, National Institute of Hospital Administration, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui-Xia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ri-Na Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Moshe Hod
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petah-Tiqva, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Eran Hadar
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petah-Tiqva, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Chen G, Chen J, Yan Z, Li Z, Yu M, Guo W, Tian W. Maternal diabetes modulates dental epithelial stem cells proliferation and self-renewal in offspring through apurinic/apyrimidinicendonuclease 1-mediated DNA methylation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40762. [PMID: 28094306 PMCID: PMC5240105 DOI: 10.1038/srep40762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has many adverse effects on the development of offspring. Aberrant DNA methylation is a potential mechanism associated with these effects. However, the effects of GDM on tooth development and the underlying mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated. In the present study, a GDM rat model was established and incisor labial cervical loop tissue and dental epithelial stem cells (DESCs) were harvested from neonates of diabetic and control dams. GDM significantly suppressed incisor enamel formation and DESCs proliferation and self-renewal in offspring. Gene expression profiles showed that Apex1 was significantly downregulated in the offspring of diabetic dams. In vitro, gain and loss of function analyses showed that APEX1 was critical for DESCs proliferation and self-renewal and Oct4 and Nanog regulation via promoter methylation. In vivo, we confirmed that GDM resulted in significant downregulation of Oct4 and Nanog and hypermethylation of their promoters. Moreover, we found that APEX1 modulated DNA methylation by regulating DNMT1 expression through ERK and JNK signalling. In summary, our data suggest that GDM-induced APEX1 downregulation increased DNMT1 expression, thereby inhibiting Oct4 and Nanog expression, through promoter hypermethylation, resulting in suppression of DESCs proliferation and self-renewal, as well as enamel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ziyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,Department of Pedodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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27
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Chen G, Sun W, Liang Y, Chen T, Guo W, Tian W. Maternal diabetes modulates offspring cell proliferation and apoptosis during odontogenesis via the TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway. Cell Prolif 2016; 50. [PMID: 27981756 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maternal gestational diabetes leads to an adverse in utero environment and increases the risk of malformations during embryo organogenesis. In the present study, we analysed the effects of maternal diabetes on tooth germ cell proliferation and apoptosis in offspring, and investigated their underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of maternal diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and the pregnant rats were divided into three groups: controls, the diabetic group and diabetic group with insulin treatment. Offspring of the three groups were collected and cell proliferation and apoptosis in tooth germs were analysed. Primary dental papilla cells and dental epithelial stem cells were isolated and treated with high glucose in vitro, in an attempt to simulate maternal diabetes-induced hyperglycaemia in vivo. RESULTS Maternal diabetes significantly affected cell proliferation and apoptosis in offspring tooth germs. The TLR4/NF-ĸB signalling pathway was activated in the tooth germs of offspring of diabetic dams. High glucose treatment activated the TLR4/NF-ĸB signalling pathway in primary dental papilla cells and dental epithelial stem cells in vitro, resulting in suppression of cell proliferation and enhancement of apoptosis. TLR4 knockdown significantly reduced adverse effects induced by high glucose treatment. CONCLUSIONS Maternal gestational diabetes significantly impaired dental epithelial and mesenchymal cell proliferation and apoptosis in offspring, possibly by activation of the TLR4/NF-ĸB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pedodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Dong D, Reece EA, Lin X, Wu Y, AriasVillela N, Yang P. New development of the yolk sac theory in diabetic embryopathy: molecular mechanism and link to structural birth defects. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 214:192-202. [PMID: 26432466 PMCID: PMC4744545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for structural birth defects, including congenital heart defects and neural tube defects. With the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in women of childbearing age, diabetes mellitus-induced birth defects have become an increasingly significant public health problem. Maternal diabetes mellitus in vivo and high glucose in vitro induce yolk sac injuries by damaging the morphologic condition of cells and altering the dynamics of organelles. The yolk sac vascular system is the first system to develop during embryogenesis; therefore, it is the most sensitive to hyperglycemia. The consequences of yolk sac injuries include impairment of nutrient transportation because of vasculopathy. Although the functional relationship between yolk sac vasculopathy and structural birth defects has not yet been established, a recent study reveals that the quality of yolk sac vasculature is related inversely to embryonic malformation rates. Studies in animal models have uncovered key molecular intermediates of diabetic yolk sac vasculopathy, which include hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, and its inhibitor thioredoxin-1, c-Jun-N-terminal kinases, nitric oxide, and nitric oxide synthase. Yolk sac vasculopathy is also associated with abnormalities in arachidonic acid and myo-inositol. Dietary supplementation with fatty acids that restore lipid levels in the yolk sac lead to a reduction in diabetes mellitus-induced malformations. Although the role of the human yolk in embryogenesis is less extensive than in rodents, nevertheless, human embryonic vasculogenesis is affected negatively by maternal diabetes mellitus. Mechanistic studies have identified potential therapeutic targets for future intervention against yolk sac vasculopathy, birth defects, and other complications associated with diabetic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - E Albert Reece
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xue Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Natalia AriasVillela
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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29
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Gong T, Wang J, Yang M, Shao Y, Liu J, Wu Q, Xu Q, Wang H, He X, Chen Y, Xu R, Wang Y. Serum homocysteine level and gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. J Diabetes Investig 2016; 7:622-8. [PMID: 27180921 PMCID: PMC4931215 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Homocysteine levels during pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been studied; however, it remains unclear whether hyperhomocysteinemia is a useful predictor of insulin resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between homocysteine level and GDM. Materials and Methods PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science and CNKI were searched for relevant studies published up to January 2015. Manual searches of references of the relevant original studies were carried out. Meta‐analysis was used to assessed the relationship between homocysteine level and GDM using the stata 12.0 software. Results Homocysteine levels were significantly elevated in women with GDM compared with those without GDM (weighted mean difference 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.44–1.10). This evidence was more consistent during the second trimester measurement of homocysteine (weighted mean difference 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.67–1.23) and for women aged older than 30 years (weighted mean difference 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.63–1.17). Conclusions The present meta‐analysis shows that homocysteine level is significantly elevated among women with GDM compared with women with normal glucose tolerance, and this finding persists more during the second trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Gong
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei Yang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juning Liu
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qianlan Wu
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinhua Xu
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuyu He
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunzhen Chen
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Institute, Maternal and Child Healthcare Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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Perinatal outcome in a Caucasian population with gestational diabetes and preexisting diabetes first diagnosed in pregnancy. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2015; 42:122-5. [PMID: 26718735 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our objective was to compare, in a Caucasian population, the perinatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by pregestational diabetes diagnosed in the first-trimester of pregnancy with those of pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes. METHODS A retrospective evaluation of maternal and neonatal outcomes was performed for all consecutive pregnancies complicated by gestational or pregestational diabetes that happened between 2005 and 2011. Pregestational diabetes was diagnosed for the first time in pregnancy if the first-trimester fasting glycaemia was ≥126 mg/dL. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed according to Carpenter-Coustan criteria until May 2010, and then according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) panel criteria modified by the American Diabetes Association. A specific diet, self-monitoring of blood glucose and, if required, insulin treatment were prescribed. RESULTS Overall, 411 pregnant women were considered eligible for the study (379 with gestational diabetes and 32 with pregestational diabetes). Women with pregestational vs. gestational diabetes were diagnosed earlier in pregnancy (11.6±1.0 weeks vs. 25.9±1.7 weeks; P=0.0001), had a higher mean first-trimester fasting glycaemic level (129.5±3.6 mg/dL vs. 81.6±10.5mg/dL; P=0.0001), more often had a family history of diabetes (46.9% vs. 25.9%; P=0.02) and more often needed insulin treatment (78.1% vs. 14.0%; P=0.0001). Furthermore, a higher rate of fetal malformations in women with pregestational diabetes was detected (9.4% vs. 1.6%, P=0.02). No other differences in neonatal outcomes were identified. CONCLUSION In a Caucasian population, the prevalence of fetal malformations and insulin requirements with pregestational diabetes first diagnosed in pregnancy were significantly higher compared with women with gestational diabetes. In any case, glucose impairment in pregnancy needs to be diagnosed in a timely fashion and appropriately treated to improve both maternal and fetal outcomes.
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31
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Santos TMM, Sinzato YK, Gallego FQ, Iessi IL, Volpato GT, Dallaqua B, Damasceno DC. Extracellular HSP70 levels in diabetic environment in rats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:595-603. [PMID: 25813004 PMCID: PMC4463925 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0581-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of HSP70 in embryonic cells of mammals and its role for their normal development and protection is an important aspect to be investigated in pregnancy and/or mild diabetes. In this sense, the present study evaluated the effects of mild diabetes on maternal reproductive parameters and HSP70 levels in Wistar rats at different stages of life and in their offspring. Mild diabetes was induced by a beta-cytotoxic drug (streptozotocin) at birth. Four experimental groups were evaluated: at 90 days of age: nonpregnant nondiabetic (ND90) and nonpregnant mild diabetic (D90) female rats, and at term pregnancy: pregnant female rats of both glycemic status were examined (NDP and DP, respectively). The rats were submitted to oral glucose tolerance test, and blood samples were collected for determination of HSP70 levels. In addition, the reproductive performance of pregnant rats was assessed and HSP70 levels determined in their offspring blood samples. The HSP70 levels and maternal reproductive performance presented no difference between ND and D rats, regardless of the life stage. The HSP70 levels were increased in D90 rats and lower in offspring from D rats. Maternal HSP70 levels were positively correlated to the number of dead embryos. In conclusion, mild diabetes did not affect maternal reproductive performance, but high maternal HSP70 levels compromised embryo development. In addition, offspring from D rats exhibited lower HSP70 levels, showing that this protein can be used as an indicator of metabolic consequences of diabetes and predictor of related disorders in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. M. M. Santos
- />Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
- />Immunology and Parasitology: Basic and Applied Graduate Course, Laboratory of General Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, University Center of Araguaia, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso Brazil
| | - Y. K. Sinzato
- />Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - F. Q. Gallego
- />Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - I. L. Iessi
- />Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - G. T. Volpato
- />Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
- />Immunology and Parasitology: Basic and Applied Graduate Course, Laboratory of General Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, University Center of Araguaia, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso Brazil
| | - B. Dallaqua
- />Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - D. C. Damasceno
- />Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
- />Immunology and Parasitology: Basic and Applied Graduate Course, Laboratory of General Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, University Center of Araguaia, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso Brazil
- />Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubiao Júnior, s/n, CEP: 18618-970 Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
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Yang P, Reece EA, Wang F, Gabbay-Benziv R. Decoding the oxidative stress hypothesis in diabetic embryopathy through proapoptotic kinase signaling. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 212:569-79. [PMID: 25434839 PMCID: PMC4417047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes-induced birth defects occur in 6-10% of babies born to mothers with pregestational diabetes, representing a significant maternal-fetal health problem. Currently, these congenital malformations represent a significant maternal-fetal medicine issue, but are likely to create an even greater public health threat as 3 million women of reproductive age (19-44 years) have diabetes in the United States alone, and this number is expected to double by 2030. Neural tube defects (NTDs) and congenital heart defects are the most common types of birth defects associated with maternal diabetes. Animal studies have revealed that embryos under hyperglycemic conditions exhibit high levels of oxidative stress resulting from enhanced production of reactive oxygen species and impaired antioxidant capability. Oxidative stress activates a set of proapoptotic kinase signaling intermediates leading to abnormal cell death in the embryonic neural tube, which causes NTD formation. Work in animal models also has revealed that maternal diabetes triggers a series of signaling intermediates: protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, PKCα, βII and δ; apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2; caspase; and apoptosis. Specifically, maternal diabetes in rodent models activates the proapoptotic unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. A reciprocal causation between JNK1/2 activation and ER stress exists in diabetic embryopathy. Molecular studies further demonstrate that deletion of the genes for Prkc, Ask1, Jnk1, or Jnk2 abolishes maternal diabetes-induced neural progenitor apoptosis and ameliorates NTD formation. Similar preventive effects are also observed when apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, JNK1/2, or ER stress is inhibited. Cell membrane stabilizers and antioxidant supplements are also effective in prevention of diabetes-induced birth defects. Mechanistic studies have revealed important insights into our understanding the cause of diabetic embryopathy and have provided a basis for future interventions against birth defects or other pregnancy complications associated with maternal diabetes. The knowledge of a molecular pathway map identified in animal studies has created unique opportunities to identify molecular targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - E Albert Reece
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rinat Gabbay-Benziv
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Simeone RM, Devine OJ, Marcinkevage JA, Gilboa SM, Razzaghi H, Bardenheier BH, Sharma AJ, Honein MA. Diabetes and congenital heart defects: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and modeling project. Am J Prev Med 2015; 48:195-204. [PMID: 25326416 PMCID: PMC4455032 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Maternal pregestational diabetes (PGDM) is a risk factor for development of congenital heart defects (CHDs). Glycemic control before pregnancy reduces the risk of CHDs. A meta-analysis was used to estimate summary ORs and mathematical modeling was used to estimate population attributable fractions (PAFs) and the annual number of CHDs in the U.S. potentially preventable by establishing glycemic control before pregnancy. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic search of the literature through December 2012 was conducted in 2012 and 2013. Case-control or cohort studies were included. Data were abstracted from 12 studies for a meta-analysis of all CHDs. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Summary estimates of the association between PGDM and CHDs and 95% credible intervals (95% CrIs) were developed using Bayesian random-effects meta-analyses for all CHDs and specific CHD subtypes. Posterior estimates of this association were combined with estimates of CHD prevalence to produce estimates of PAFs and annual prevented cases. Ninety-five percent uncertainty intervals (95% UIs) for estimates of the annual number of preventable cases were developed using Monte Carlo simulation. Analyses were conducted in 2013. The summary OR estimate for the association between PGDM and CHDs was 3.8 (95% CrI=3.0, 4.9). Approximately 2670 (95% UI=1795, 3795) cases of CHDs could potentially be prevented annually if all women in the U.S. with PGDM achieved glycemic control before pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Estimates from this analysis suggest that preconception care of women with PGDM could have a measureable impact by reducing the number of infants born with CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina M Simeone
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
| | - Owen J Devine
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities
| | - Jessica A Marcinkevage
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | - Hilda Razzaghi
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | - Andrea J Sharma
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC; U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Atlanta, Georgia
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Hsieh CL, Chen KC, Guan WW, Peng CC, Peng RY. Cylophosphamide elicited intracranial hemorrhage via mitochondrial ROS-hif-1α-ATP depleting pathway—preventive trials with folic acid, resveratrol and vitamin E. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15438j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic CYP2B metabolizes cyclophosphamide (CP) into acrolein and phosphoramide mustard, which are the ultimate toxic teratogenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Lan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology
- Changhua University of Education
- Changhua
- Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology
- Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - William W. Guan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology
- Changhua University of Education
- Changhua
- Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chi Peng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine
- College of Medicine
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Robert Y. Peng
- Research Institute of Biotechnology
- Hungkuang University
- Taichung Hsien
- Taiwan
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35
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Bueno A, Sinzato YK, Sudano MJ, Alvarenga FDCLE, Calderon IDMP, Rudge MVC, Damasceno DC. Short and long-term repercussions of the experimental diabetes in embryofetal development. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2014; 30:575-81. [PMID: 24408841 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic pregnancy have increased rates of congenital malformation and neonatal mortality. In vitro studies suggest hyperglycemia associated with diabetes impair embryogenesis but in vivo investigations on maternal hyperglycemic insult and early embryo development are scarce. We evaluated the embryofetal development on experimental diabetes models to assess whether hyperglycemia at preimplantation period impairs the progression of pregnancy. METHODS Different hyperglycemic intensities were obtained by two experimental diabetes models. Female Sprague Dawley rats received streptozotocin at birth (mild diabetes) or at day 90 of life (severe diabetes). For both diabetic groups hyperglycemia was confirmed 5 days after diabetes induction and the mating was performed around 100 day of life. For preimplantation analysis, embryos were recovered at D4 of pregnancy. Another group of animals was submitted to laparotomy at D21 to assess contents of the uterus and fetal viability. RESULTS Mild (i) and Severe (ii) diabetes modified the early development. Degenerating embryos percentage was higher compared to control (11%) (i) 30.7%, (ii) 37.3%. Cell number mean dropped according to hyperglycemic intensity (control 30.57, (i) 21.42, (ii) 13.42). Pre and post-implantation loss rates were higher in diabetic groups. The fetal viability also decreased from 96% in the control group to (i) 78.7% and (ii) 80.6%. CONCLUSION Our results show that during diabetic pregnancy, preimplantation embryos present decreased cell number due to higher apoptosis rates, which are dependent of the hyperglycemic intensity. Moreover, fetal viability was also decreased suggesting that the quality of these embryos at long-term may be questioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Bueno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Higa R, Roberti SL, Musikant D, Mazzucco MB, White V, Jawerbaum A. Effects of maternal dietary olive oil on pathways involved in diabetic embryopathy. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 49:185-95. [PMID: 25246140 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes induces a pro-oxidant/pro-inflammatory intrauterine environment related to the induction of congenital anomalies. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors that regulate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. We investigated whether maternal diets supplemented with olive oil, enriched in oleic acid, a PPAR agonist, can regulate the expression of PPAR system genes, levels of lipoperoxidation and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors (TIMPs) in embryos and decidua from diabetic rats. The embryos and decidua from diabetic rats showed reduced expression of PPARs and increased concentration of lipoperoxidation, MMPs and TIMPs, whereas the maternal treatments enriched in olive oil increased PPARδ in embryos and PPARγ and PPARγ-coactivator-1α expression in decidua, and increased TIMPs concentrations and decreased lipoperoxidation and MMPs activity in both tissues. Thus, maternal diets enriched in olive oil can regulate embryonic and decidual PPAR system genes expression and reduce the pro-oxidant/pro-inflammatory environment during rat early organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Higa
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 17th floor, 1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sabrina Lorena Roberti
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 17th floor, 1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Daniel Musikant
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes 2160, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María Belén Mazzucco
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 17th floor, 1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Verónica White
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 17th floor, 1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Alicia Jawerbaum
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 17th floor, 1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Glucose, insulin, and oxygen interplay in placental hypervascularisation in diabetes mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:145846. [PMID: 25258707 PMCID: PMC4167234 DOI: 10.1155/2014/145846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The placental vasculature rapidly expands during the course of pregnancy in order to sustain the growing needs of the fetus. Angiogenesis and vascular growth are stimulated and regulated by a variety of growth factors expressed in the placenta or present in the fetal circulation. Like in tumors, hypoxia is a major regulator of angiogenesis because of its ability to stimulate expression of various proangiogenic factors. Chronic fetal hypoxia is often found in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes as a result of fetal hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinemia. Both are associated with altered levels of hormones, growth factors, and proinflammatory cytokines, which may act in a proangiogenic manner and, hence, affect placental angiogenesis and vascular development. Indeed, the placenta in diabetes is characterized by hypervascularisation, demonstrating high placental plasticity in response to diabetic metabolic derangements. This review describes the major regulators of placental angiogenesis and how the diabetic environment in utero alters their expression. In the light of hypervascularized diabetic placenta, the focus was placed on proangiogenic factors.
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Perimenis P, Bouckenooghe T, Delplanque J, Moitrot E, Eury E, Lobbens S, Gosset P, Devisme L, Duvillie B, Abderrahmani A, Storme L, Fontaine P, Froguel P, Vambergue A. Placental antiangiogenic prolactin fragments are increased in human and rat maternal diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:1783-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cai GJ, Sun XX, Zhang L, Hong Q. Association between maternal body mass index and congenital heart defects in offspring: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 211:91-117. [PMID: 24631708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal body mass index and all congenital heart defects (CHDs) combined and 11 individual defects. PubMed, ELSEVIER ScienceDirect, and Springer Link (up to February 2013) were searched, and the reference list of retrieved articles was reviewed. Three authors independently extracted the data. The systematic review included 24 studies, 14 of which were included in a metaanalysis. Statistical software was used to perform all statistical analyses. Fixed-effects or random-effects model was used to pool the results of individual study (expressed as odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]). A dose-response effect was observed between overweight, moderate obesity, and severe obesity and a pregnancy with any CHD (the pooled ORs: OR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02-1.15]; OR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.11-1.20]; and OR, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.31-1.47], respectively) as well as some individual defects such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome, pulmonary valve stenosis, and outflow tract defects. When we excluded mothers with diabetes mellitus, the pooled ORs for all CHDs combined were 1.12 (95% CI, 1.04-1.20) and 1.38 (95% CI, 1.20-1.59) for moderately obese and severely obese, respectively. The highest increased risk was severely obese mothers for tetralogy of Fallot (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.49-2.51). Being underweight did not increase the risk of any of the aforementioned CHDs but did increase the risk of aortic valve stenosis (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.01-2.15]). The results of our study showed that increasing maternal body mass index was associated with an increasing risk of CHDs; severe obesity was an even greater risk factor for the development of CHDs.
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40
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Haucke E, Navarrete Santos A, Simm A, Henning C, Glomb MA, Gürke J, Schindler M, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Accumulation of advanced glycation end products in the rabbit blastocyst under maternal diabetes. Reproduction 2014; 148:169-78. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and birth defects. The mechanism by which maternal hyperglycemia, the major teratogenic factor, induces embryonic malformations remains unclear. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to accumulate during the course of DM and contribute to the development of diabetic complications. Employing a diabetic rabbit model, we investigated the influence of maternal hyperglycemia during the preimplantation period on AGE formation (pentosidine, argpyrimidine, and Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML)) in the reproductive tract and the embryo itself. As a consequence of type 1 DM, the AGE levels in blood plasma increased up to 50%, correlating closely with an AGE accumulation in the endometrium of diabetic females. Embryos from diabetic mothers had increased protein-bound CML levels and showed enhanced fluorescent signals for AGE-specific fluorescence in the blastocyst cavity fluid (BCF). The quantification of CML by HPLC–mass spectrometry (MS/MS) showed a higher amount of soluble CML in the BCF of blastocysts from diabetic rabbits (0.26±0.05 μmol/l) compared with controls (0.18±0.02 μmol/l). The high amount of AGEs in blastocysts from diabetic mothers correlates positively with an increased AGER (receptor for AGE (RAGE)) mRNA expression. Our study gives alarming insights into the consequences of poorly controlled maternal diabetes for AGE formation in the embryo. Maternal hyperglycemia during the preimplantation period is correlated with an increase in AGE formation in the uterine environment and the embryo itself. This may influence the development of the embryo through increased AGE-mediated cellular stress by RAGEs.
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Streptozotocin-induced diabetes models: pathophysiological mechanisms and fetal outcomes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:819065. [PMID: 24977161 PMCID: PMC4058231 DOI: 10.1155/2014/819065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is controlled by endocrine pancreatic cells, and any pancreatic disturbance can result in diabetes. Because 8% to 12% of diabetic pregnant women present with malformed fetuses, there is great interest in understanding the etiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment of gestational diabetes. Hyperglycemia enhances the production of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress, which is involved in diabetic teratogenesis. It has also been suggested that maternal diabetes alters embryonic gene expression, which might cause malformations. Due to ethical issues involving human studies that sometimes have invasive aspects and the multiplicity of uncontrolled variables that can alter the uterine environment during clinical studies, it is necessary to use animal models to better understand diabetic pathophysiology. This review aimed to gather information about pathophysiological mechanisms and fetal outcomes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. To understand the pathophysiological mechanisms and factors involved in diabetes, the use of pancreatic regeneration studies is increasing in an attempt to understand the behavior of pancreatic beta cells. In addition, these studies suggest a new preventive concept as a treatment basis for diabetes, introducing therapeutic efforts to minimize or prevent diabetes-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and teratogenesis.
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Moazzen H, Lu X, Ma NL, Velenosi TJ, Urquhart BL, Wisse LJ, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Feng Q. N-Acetylcysteine prevents congenital heart defects induced by pregestational diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:46. [PMID: 24533448 PMCID: PMC3942143 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregestational diabetes is a major risk factor of congenital heart defects (CHDs). Glutathione is depleted and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is elevated in diabetes. In the present study, we aimed to examine whether treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which increases glutathione synthesis and inhibits ROS production, prevents CHDs induced by pregestational diabetes. METHODS Female mice were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce pregestational diabetes prior to breeding with normal males to produce offspring. Some diabetic mice were treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in drinking water from E0.5 to the end of gestation or harvesting of the embryos. CHDs were identified by histology. ROS levels, cell proliferation and gene expression in the fetal heart were analyzed. RESULTS Our data show that pregestational diabetes resulted in CHDs in 58% of the offspring, including ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD), transposition of great arteries (TGA), double outlet right ventricle (DORV) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Treatment with NAC in drinking water in pregestational diabetic mice completely eliminated the incidence of AVSD, TGA, TOF and significantly diminished the incidence of ASD and VSD. Furthermore, pregestational diabetes increased ROS, impaired cell proliferation, and altered Gata4, Gata5 and Vegf-a expression in the fetal heart of diabetic offspring, which were all prevented by NAC treatment. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with NAC increases GSH levels, decreases ROS levels in the fetal heart and prevents the development of CHDs in the offspring of pregestational diabetes. Our study suggests that NAC may have therapeutic potential in the prevention of CHDs induced by pregestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Moazzen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Xiangru Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Noelle L Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Thomas J Velenosi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Brad L Urquhart
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lambertus J Wisse
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Qingping Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Patel SS, Burns TL. Nongenetic risk factors and congenital heart defects. Pediatr Cardiol 2013; 34:1535-55. [PMID: 23963188 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-013-0775-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Advances have been made in identifying genetic etiologies of congenital heart defects. Through this knowledge, preventive strategies have been designed and instituted, and prospective parents are counseled regarding their risk of having an affected child. Great strides have been made in genetic variant identification, and genetic susceptibility to environmental exposures has been hypothesized as an etiology for congenital heart defects. Unfortunately, similar advances in understanding have not been made regarding strategies to prevent nongenetic risk factors. Less information is available regarding the potential adverse effect of modifiable risk factors on the fetal heart. This review summarizes the available literature on these modifiable exposures that may alter the risk for congenital heart disease. Information regarding paternal characteristics and conditions, maternal therapeutic drug exposures, parental nontherapeutic drug exposures, and parental environmental exposures are presented. Factors are presented in terms of risk for congenital heart defects as a group. These factors also are broken down by specific defect type. Although additional investigations are needed in this area, many of the discussed risk factors present an opportunity for prevention of potential disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali S Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Children's Hospital, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA,
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44
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Damasceno DC, Sinzato YK, Bueno A, Netto AO, Dallaqua B, Gallego FQ, Iessi IL, Corvino SB, Serrano RG, Marini G, Piculo F, Calderon IMP, Rudge MVC. Mild diabetes models and their maternal-fetal repercussions. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013:473575. [PMID: 23878822 PMCID: PMC3710615 DOI: 10.1155/2013/473575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of diabetes in pregnancy leads to hormonal and metabolic changes making inappropriate intrauterine environment, favoring the onset of maternal and fetal complications. Human studies that explore mechanisms responsible for changes caused by diabetes are limited not only for ethical reasons but also by the many uncontrollable variables. Thus, there is a need to develop appropriate experimental models. The diabetes induced in laboratory animals can be performed by different methods depending on dose, route of administration, and the strain and age of animal used. Many of these studies are carried out in neonatal period or during pregnancy, but the results presented are controversial. So this paper, addresses the review about the different models of mild diabetes induction using streptozotocin in pregnant rats and their repercussions on the maternal and fetal organisms to propose an adequate model for each approached issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. C. Damasceno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Y. K. Sinzato
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - A. Bueno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - A. O. Netto
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - B. Dallaqua
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - F. Q. Gallego
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - I. L. Iessi
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - S. B. Corvino
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - R. G. Serrano
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - G. Marini
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - F. Piculo
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - I. M. P. Calderon
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - M. V. C. Rudge
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Singh CK, Kumar A, Lavoie HA, Dipette DJ, Singh US. Diabetic complications in pregnancy: is resveratrol a solution? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:482-90. [PMID: 23436883 DOI: 10.1177/1535370212473704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that, during pregnancy, may affect fetal development. Fetal outcome depends on the type of diabetes present, the concentration of blood glucose and the extent of fetal exposure to elevated or frequently fluctuating glucose concentrations. The result of some diabetic pregnancies will be embryonic developmental abnormalities, a condition referred to as diabetic embryopathy. Tight glycemic control in type 1 diabetes during pregnancy using insulin therapy together with folic acid supplementation are partially able to prevent diabetic embryopathy; however, the protection is not complete and additional interventions are needed. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found largely in the skins of red grapes, is known to have antidiabetic action and is in clinical trials for the treatment of diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Studies of resveratrol in a rodent model of diabetic embryopathy reveal that it significantly improves the embryonic outcome in terms of diminishing developmental abnormalities. Improvements in maternal and embryonic outcomes observed in rodent models may arise from resveratrol's antioxidative potential, antidiabetic action and antidyslipidemic nature. Whether resveratrol will have similar actions in human diabetic pregnancy is unknown. Here, we review the potential therapeutic use of resveratrol in diabetes and diabetic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K Singh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, 6311 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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Singh CK, Kumar A, Lavoie HA, Dipette DJ, Singh US. Diabetic complications in pregnancy: is resveratrol a solution? EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (MAYWOOD, N.J.) 2013. [PMID: 23436883 DOI: 10.1177/1535370212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that, during pregnancy, may affect fetal development. Fetal outcome depends on the type of diabetes present, the concentration of blood glucose and the extent of fetal exposure to elevated or frequently fluctuating glucose concentrations. The result of some diabetic pregnancies will be embryonic developmental abnormalities, a condition referred to as diabetic embryopathy. Tight glycemic control in type 1 diabetes during pregnancy using insulin therapy together with folic acid supplementation are partially able to prevent diabetic embryopathy; however, the protection is not complete and additional interventions are needed. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found largely in the skins of red grapes, is known to have antidiabetic action and is in clinical trials for the treatment of diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Studies of resveratrol in a rodent model of diabetic embryopathy reveal that it significantly improves the embryonic outcome in terms of diminishing developmental abnormalities. Improvements in maternal and embryonic outcomes observed in rodent models may arise from resveratrol's antioxidative potential, antidiabetic action and antidyslipidemic nature. Whether resveratrol will have similar actions in human diabetic pregnancy is unknown. Here, we review the potential therapeutic use of resveratrol in diabetes and diabetic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K Singh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, 6311 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is responsible for nearly 10% of fetal anomalies in diabetic pregnancies. Although aggressive perinatal care and glycemic control are available in developed countries, the birth defect rate in diabetic pregnancies remains higher than that in the general population. Major cellular activities (ie, proliferation and apoptosis) and intracellular metabolic conditions (ie, nitrosative, oxidative, and endoplasmic reticulum stress) have been shown to be associated with diabetic embryopathy using animal models. Translating advances made in animal studies into clinical applications in humans requires collaborative efforts across the basic research, preclinical, and clinical communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Saito FH, Damasceno DC, Dallaqua B, Linhares IM, Rudge MVC, De Mattos Paranhos Calderon I, Witkin SS. Heat shock protein production and immunity and altered fetal development in diabetic pregnant rats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2013; 18:25-33. [PMID: 22821472 PMCID: PMC3508127 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated associations between the concentrations of heat shock proteins (hsp60 and hsp70) and their respective antibodies, alterations in maternal reproductive performance, and fetal malformations in pregnant rats with hyperglycemia. Mild diabetes (MD) or severe diabetes (SD) was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats prior to mating; non-treated non-diabetic rats (ND) served as controls. On day 21 of pregnancy, maternal blood was analyzed for hsp60 and hsp70 and their antibodies; and fetuses were weighed and analyzed for congenital malformations. Hsp and anti-hsp levels were correlated with blood glucose levels during gestation. There was a positive correlation between hsp60 and hsp70 levels and the total number of malformations (R = 0.5908, P = 0.0024; R = 0.4877, P = 0.0134, respectively) and the number of malformations per fetus (R = 0.6103, P = 0.0015; R = 0.4875, P = 0.0134, respectively). The anti-hsp60 IgG concentration was correlated with the number of malformations per fetus (R = 0.3887, P = 0.0451) and the anti-hsp70 IgG level correlated with the total number of malformations (R = 0.3999, P = 0.0387). Moreover, both hsp and anti-hsp antibodies showed negative correlations with fetal weight. The results suggest that there is a relationship between hsp60 and hsp70 levels and their respective antibodies and alterations in maternal reproductive performance and impaired fetal development and growth in pregnancies associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Hiroshi Saito
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina Damasceno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Dallaqua
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iara Moreno Linhares
- Department of Gynecology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School and Hospital das Clínicas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilza Vieira Cunha Rudge
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iracema De Mattos Paranhos Calderon
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven S. Witkin
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, Box 35, New York, NY 10065 USA
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Vijaya M, Manikandan J, Parakalan R, Dheen ST, Kumar SD, Tay SSW. Differential gene expression profiles during embryonic heart development in diabetic mice pregnancy. Gene 2012; 516:218-27. [PMID: 23287646 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHD) are one of the most common defects in offspring of diabetic mothers. There is a clear association between maternal diabetes and CHD; however the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. We hypothesized that maternal diabetes affects with the expression of early developmental genes that regulate the essential developmental processes of the heart, thereby resulting in the pathogenesis of CHD. We analyzed genome-wide expression profiling in the developing heart of embryos from diabetic and control mice by using the oligonucleotide microarray. Microarray analysis revealed that a total of 878 genes exhibited more than 1.5 fold changes in expression level in the hearts of experimental embryos in either E13.5 or E15.5 compared with their respective controls. Expression pattern of genes that is differentially expressed in the developing heart was further examined by the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Several genes involved in a number of molecular signaling pathways such as apoptosis, proliferation, migration and differentiation in the developing heart were differentially expressed in embryos of diabetic pregnancy. It is concluded that altered expression of several genes involved in heart development may contribute to CHD in offspring of diabetic mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiyan Vijaya
- Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Dallaqua B, Saito FH, Rodrigues T, Calderon IMP, Rudge MVC, Herrera E, Damasceno DC. Treatment with Azadirachta indica in diabetic pregnant rats: negative effects on maternal outcome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 143:805-811. [PMID: 22921950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The role of Azadirachta indica (neem) against Chagas disease and its antibiotic and antidiabetic action have been demonstrated in non-pregnant animals. However, the effects of neem on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress during pregnancy remain to be investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Azadirachta indica (neem) on maternal reproductive performance and biochemical parameters in non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced mild diabetic rats (MD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Pregnant rats were randomly distributed into six experimental groups: ND=non-treated non-diabetic (n=13); NDOil=non-diabetic treated with 1.2 mL/day neem seed oil (n=12); NDPA=non-diabetic treated with 1.0mg/mL/day azadirachtin (n=12); D=non-treated diabetic (n=13); DOil: diabetic treated with neem seed oil (n=12), and DPA=diabetic treated with azadirachtin, n=13. Treatment with either neem oil (1.2 mL/day) or azadirachtin (1.0mg/mL/day) was orally administered throughout pregnancy. Glucose test tolerance (GTT) was performed at day 17 of pregnancy and used as an inclusion criterion. At term pregnancy, maternal reproductive outcomes, lipid profile and oxidative stress status were assessed. RESULTS Treatment with neem oil and azadirachtin during pregnancy (1) had no hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic effects on non-diabetic and diabetic rats, respectively; (2) affected OGTT glycemic levels in diabetic rats; (3) increased the proportion of fetuses classified as small for pregnancy age (SPA) in all groups; and (4) did not interfere with the lipid profile in non-diabetic dams. Neem oil reduced the rate of total cholesterol and NEFA in diabetic animals. Both neem oil and azadirachtin increased lipoperoxidation, characterized by increased MDA levels in non-diabetic rats. CONCLUSION Both neem seed oil and azadirachtin impaired intrauterine development and altered antioxidant/oxidative status during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dallaqua
- Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduation Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, São Paulo State, Brazil.
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