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Ha H. Spatial variations in the associations of mental distress with sleep insufficiency in the United States: a county-level spatial analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:911-922. [PMID: 36862936 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2185211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In this research, we conducted hierarchical multiple regression and complex sample general linear model (CSGLM) to expand knowledge on factors contributing to mental distress, particularly from a geographic perspective. Based on the Getis-Ord G* hot-spot analysis, geographic distribution of both FMD and insufficient sleep showed several contiguous hotspots in southeast regions. Moreover, in the hierarchical regression, even after accounting for potential covariates and multicollinearity, a significant association between FMD and insufficient sleep was found, explaining that mental distress increases with increasing insufficient sleep (R2 = 0.835). In the CSGLM, a R2 value of 0.782 indicated that the CSGLM procedure provided concrete evidence that FMD was significantly related to sleep insufficiency even after taking complex sample designs and weighting adjustments in the BRFSS into account. This geographic association between FMD and insufficient sleep based on cross-county study has not been reported before in the literature. These findings suggest a need for further investigation on geographic disparity on mental distress and insufficient sleep and have novel implications in our understanding of the etiology of mental distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoehun Ha
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, USA
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2
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Clavo B, Cánovas-Molina A, Díaz-Garrido JA, Cañas S, Ramallo-Fariña Y, Laffite H, Federico M, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Galván S, García-Lourve C, González-Beltrán D, Caramés MA, Hernández-Fleta JL, Serrano-Aguilar P, Rodríguez-Esparragón F. Effects of ozone therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with refractory symptoms of severe diseases: a pilot study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1176204. [PMID: 37599784 PMCID: PMC10437070 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1176204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with refractory symptoms of severe diseases frequently experience anxiety, depression, and an altered health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Some publications have described the beneficial effect of ozone therapy on several symptoms of this kind of patient. The aim of this study was to preliminarily evaluate, in patients treated because of refractory symptoms of cancer treatment and advanced nononcologic diseases, if ozone therapy has an additional impact on self-reported anxiety and depression. Methods Before and after ozone treatment, we assessed (i) anxiety and depression according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); (ii) the HRQOL (according to the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire), which includes a dimension on anxiety and depression and a visual analog scale (VAS) measuring self-perceived general health. Results Before ozone therapy, 56% of patients were on anxiolytic and/or antidepressant treatment. Before and after ozone therapy, the anxiety and depression HADS subscales (i) significantly correlated with the anxiety/depression dimension of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and (ii) inversely correlated with the health status as measured by the VAS. After ozone therapy, we found a significant improvement in anxiety and depression measured by both the (i) HADS subscales and (ii) EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Conclusion The addition of ozone therapy for patients with refractory symptoms of cancer treatment and advanced chronic nononcologic diseases can decrease anxiety and depression severity levels. Additional, more focused studies are ongoing to provide the needed explanatory information for this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardino Clavo
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Universitary Institute for Research in Biomedicine and Health (iUIBS), Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Group, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de la Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Group of Clinical Research in Radiation Oncology (GICOR), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Cánovas-Molina
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
| | - Juan A. Díaz-Garrido
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Silvia Cañas
- Psychiatry Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yolanda Ramallo-Fariña
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Servicio de Evaluación y Planificación del Servicio Canario de Salud (SESCS), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Horus Laffite
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Mario Federico
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Saray Galván
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carla García-Lourve
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
| | - Damián González-Beltrán
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Caramés
- Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose L. Hernández-Fleta
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Pedro Serrano-Aguilar
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodríguez-Esparragón
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de la Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Dey T, Zanobetti A, Linnman C. The risk of being bitten by a dog is higher on hot, sunny, and smoggy days. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8749. [PMID: 37322022 PMCID: PMC10272239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans commit more violent crimes when temperature and air pollution is higher. Here, we investigate if also the day-to-day rates of dogs biting humans is influenced by environmental factors. 69,525 reports of dogs biting humans, sourced from public records on animal control requests and from ER records, were analyzed. The impact of temperature and air pollutants were evaluated with a zero-inflated Poisson generalized additive model, while controlling for regional and calendar effects. Exposure-response curves were used to assess the association between outcome and major exposure variables. We find that the rates of dogs biting humans increases with increasing temperature and ozone, but not PM2.5 exposure. We also observed that higher UV irradiation levels were related to higher rats of dog bites. We conclude that dogs, or the interactions between humans and dogs, are more hostile on hot, sunny, and smoggy days, indicating that the societal burden of extreme heat and air pollution also includes the costs of animal aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanujit Dey
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonella Zanobetti
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clas Linnman
- Spaulding Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of PM&R, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Villeneuve PJ, Huynh D, Lavigne É, Colman I, Anisman H, Peters C, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA. Daily changes in ambient air pollution concentrations and temperature and suicide mortality in Canada: Findings from a national time-stratified case-crossover study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115477. [PMID: 36781013 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, approximately 1900 people die by suicide daily. Daily elevations in air pollution and temperature have previously been linked to a higher risk of death from suicide. To date, there have been relatively few studies of air pollution and suicide, particularly at a national level. National analyses play an important role in shaping health policy to mitigate against adverse health outcomes. METHODS We used a time-stratified case-crossover study design to investigate the influence of short-term (i.e., day to day) interquartile range (IQR) increases in air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide [NO2], ozone [O3], and fine particulate matter [PM2.5]) and temperature on suicide mortality in Canada between 2002 and 2015. For air pollution models, odds ratios (ORs) derived from conditional logistic regression models were adjusted for average daily temperature, and holidays. For temperature models, ORs were adjusted for holidays. Stratified analyses were undertaken by suicide type (non-violent and violent), sex, age, and season. RESULTS Analyses are based on 50,800 suicide deaths. Overall, temperature effects were stronger than those for air pollution. A same day IQR increase in temperature (9.6 °C) was associated with a 10.1% increase (95% confidence interval (CI): 9.0%-11.2%) of death from suicide. For 3-day average increase of O3 (IQR = 14.1 ppb), PM2.5 (IQR = 5.6 μg/m3) and NO2 (IQR = 9.7 ppb) the corresponding risks were 4.7% (95% CI: 3.9, 5.6), 3.4% (95% CI: 3.0, 3.8), and 2.0% (95% CI: 1.1, 2.8), respectively. All pollutants showed stronger associations with suicide during the warmer season (April-September). Stratified analyses revealed stronger associations for both temperature and air pollution in women. CONCLUSIONS Daily increases in air pollution and temperature were found to increase the risk of death from suicide. Females, particularly during warmer season, were most vulnerable to these exposures. Policy decisions related to air pollution and climate change should consider effects on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - David Huynh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hymie Anisman
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Peters
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada; BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
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Zierold KM, Sears CG, Myers JV, Brock GN, Zhang CH, Sears L. Exposure to coal ash and depression in children aged 6-14 years old. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114005. [PMID: 35944620 PMCID: PMC10725726 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When coal is burned for energy, coal ash, a hazardous waste product, is generated. Throughout the world, over 1 billion tons of coal ash is produced yearly. In the United States, over 78 million tons of coal ash was produced in 2019. Fly ash, the main component of coal ash contains neurotoxic metal (loid)s that may affect children's neurodevelopment and mental health. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between fly ash and depressive problems in children aged 6-14 years old. METHODS Children and their parents/guardians were recruited from 2015 to 2020. Tobit regression and logistic regression were used to assess the association between coal fly ash and depressive problems. To determine fly ash presence, Scanning Electron Microscopy was conducted on polycarbonate filters containing PM10 from the homes of the study participants. Depressive problems in children were measured using the Depressive Problems DSM and withdrawn/depressed syndromic problem scales of the Child Behavior Checklist. RESULTS In covariate-adjusted Tobit regression models, children with fly ash on the filter had higher scores on the DSM Depressive Problems (3.13 points; 95% CI = 0.39, 5.88) compared with children who did not have fly ash on the filter. Logistic regression supported these findings. CONCLUSION Coal ash is one of the largest waste streams in the U.S, but it is not classified as a hazardous waste by the Environmental Protection Agency. To our knowledge, no studies have assessed the impact of coal ash on children's mental health. This study highlights the need for further research into the effects of coal ash exposure on children's mental health, and improved regulations on release and storage of coal ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Zierold
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Clara G Sears
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - John V Myers
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Guy N Brock
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Charlie H Zhang
- Department of Geographic & Environmental Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Lonnie Sears
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Tsai SS, Chen CC, Chen PS, Yang CY. Ambient ozone exposure and hospitalization for substance abuse: A time-stratified case-crossover study in Taipei. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:553-560. [PMID: 35392774 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2053021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies investigating the possibility that air pollutant exposures increases the risk of adverse effects on mental health including frequency of suicide and depression, is a major growing public health concern. Human data demonstrated that exposure to various ambient air contaminants including ozone (O3) adversely affected nervous system functions. It is also well-established that substance abuse produces central nervous system dysfunctions with resultant increase in suicide rates. However, the role of substance abuse in combination with O3 exposure on mental health remained to be determined. The aim of this investigation was to conduct a time-stratified case-crossover study to examine the possible correlation between short-term ambient O3 exposure and daily hospital admissions for substance abuse, including alcohol dependence syndrome and non-dependent abuse of drugs, in Taipei from 2009 to 2013. In our single pollutant model, a 35% rise in interquartile (IQR) O3 levels on cool days and a 12% elevation on warm days was associated with increase in mental health hospitalizations. In our two-pollutant models, O3 remained significantly associated with elevated number of hospitalizations after adding any one of possible air pollutants, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO, to our model on cool and warm days. Data suggested that temperature may affect the association between outdoor ambient air O3 exposure and enhanced risk of hospitalization for substance abuse. Further study is needed to better understand these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Shyue Tsai
- Department of Healthcare Administration, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang-Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shih Chen
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuh Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
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7
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Ramos-Languren LE, Avila-Luna A, García-Díaz G, Rodríguez-Labrada R, Vázquez-Mojena Y, Parra-Cid C, Montes S, Bueno-Nava A, González-Piña R. Glutamate, Glutamine, GABA and Oxidative Products in the Pons Following Cortical Injury and Their Role in Motor Functional Recovery. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:3179-3189. [PMID: 34387812 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Brain injury leads to an excitatory phase followed by an inhibitory phase in the brain. The clinical sequelae caused by cerebral injury seem to be a response to remote functional inhibition of cerebral nuclei located far from the motor cortex but anatomically related to the injury site. It appears that such functional inhibition is mediated by an increase in lipid peroxidation (LP). To test this hypothesis, we report data from 80 rats that were allocated to the following groups: the sham group (n = 40), in which rats received an intracortical infusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); the injury group (n = 20), in which rats received CSF containing ferrous chloride (FeCl2, 50 mM); and the recovery group (n = 20), in which rats were injured and allowed to recover. Beam-walking, sensorimotor and spontaneous motor activity tests were performed to evaluate motor performance after injury. Lipid fluorescent products (LFPs) were measured in the pons. The total pontine contents of glutamate (GLU), glutamine (GLN) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were also measured. In injured rats, the motor deficits, LFPs and total GABA and GLN contents in the pons were increased, while the GLU level was decreased. In contrast, in recovering rats, none of the studied variables were significantly different from those in sham rats. Thus, motor impairment after cortical injury seems to be mediated by an inhibitory pontine response, and functional recovery may result from a pontine restoration of the GLN-GLU-GABA cycle, while LP may be a primary mechanism leading to remote pontine inhibition after cortical injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Ramos-Languren
- Faculty of Psychology, Coordination of Psychobiology and Neurosciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. Universidad 3040 Col, Copilco Universidad Alcaldía Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Avila-Luna
- National Institute of Rehabilitation LGII, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco #289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela García-Díaz
- Section of Postgraduate Studies and Research, High Medical School, IPN. Salvador Diaz Miron Alcaldia Miguel Hidalgo, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Rodríguez-Labrada
- School of Physical Culture, University of Holguín, Avenida XX Aniversario, 80100, Holguín, Cuba
- Cuban Centre for Neurosciences, Calle 190 entre 25 y 27, Playa, 11300, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Yaimee Vázquez-Mojena
- Cuban Centre for Neurosciences, Calle 190 entre 25 y 27, Playa, 11300, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Carmen Parra-Cid
- National Institute of Rehabilitation LGII, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco #289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Montes
- Reynosa-Aztlan Multidisciplinary Unit, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Fuente de Diana, Aztlán, 88740, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Antonio Bueno-Nava
- National Institute of Rehabilitation LGII, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco #289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rigoberto González-Piña
- Laboratory of Aging Biology, National Geriatric Institute, Av. Contreras 428 Col. San Jerónimo Lídice Alcaldía Magdalena Contreras, 10200, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Section of Postgraduate Studies and Research, High Medical School, IPN. Salvador Diaz Miron Alcaldia Miguel Hidalgo, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Department of Special Education, University of the Americas Mexico City College, Puebla # 223 Col. Roma Alcaldía Cuauhtemoc, 06700, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Lamichhane DK, Jung DY, Shin YJ, Lee KS, Lee SY, Ahn K, Kim KW, Shin YH, Suh DI, Hong SJ, Kim HC. Association of ambient air pollution with depressive and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women: A prospective cohort study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 237:113823. [PMID: 34364017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms in the general population. However, this relationship among pregnant women remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between pregnancy air pollution exposure and maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms during the third trimester assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scales, respectively. METHODS We analyzed 1481 pregnant women from a cohort study in Seoul. Maternal exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and <10 μm (PM10), as well as to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) for each trimester and the entire pregnancy was assessed at participant's residential address by land use regression models. We estimated the relative risk (RR) and corresponding confidence interval (CI) of the depressive and anxiety symptoms associated with an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O3 using modified Poisson regression. RESULTS In single-pollutant models, an IQR increase in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 during the second trimester was associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms (PM2.5 RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.27; PM10 RR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.23; NO2 RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.29) after adjusting for relevant covariates. Similarly, an IQR increase in O3 during the third trimester was associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.18), while the IQR increase in O3 during the first trimester was associated with a decreased risk (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.96). Exposure to PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 during the second trimester was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms. The associations with PM2.5 and O3 in single-and multi-pollutant models were consistent. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that increased levels of particulate matter, NO2, and O3 during pregnancy may elevate the risk of depression or anxiety in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirga Kumar Lamichhane
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dal-Young Jung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee-Jin Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hanshin University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwan-Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Ha H, Shao W. A spatial epidemiology case study of mentally unhealthy days (MUDs): air pollution, community resilience, and sunlight perspectives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:491-506. [PMID: 31559848 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1669768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this spatial epidemiologic research is to gain greater insights into the geographic dimension displayed by the different duration of mentally unhealthy days (MUDs) across U.S. counties. Mentally unhealthy days (MUDs) are studied in entire cross counties for year of 2014. Using Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data in 2014, we examine main factors of mental health hazard including health behaviour, clinical care, socioeconomic and physical environment, demographic, community resilience, and extreme climatic conditions. In this study, we take complex design factors such as clustering, stratification and sample weight in the BRFSS data into account by using Complex Samples General Linear Model (CSGLM). Then, spatial regression models, spatial lag and error models, are applied to examine spatial dependencies and heteroscedasticity. Results of the geographic analyses indicate that counties with lower air pollution (PM2.5), higher community resilience (social, economic, infrastructure, and institutional resilience), and higher sunlight exposure had significantly lower average number of MUDs reported in the past 30 days. These findings suggest that policy makers should take air pollution, community resilience, and sunlight exposure into account when designing environmental and health policies and allocating resources to more effectively manage mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoehun Ha
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Wanyun Shao
- Department of Geography, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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Eze IC, Foraster M, Schaffner E, Vienneau D, Pieren R, Imboden M, Wunderli JM, Cajochen C, Brink M, Röösli M, Probst-Hensch N. Incidence of depression in relation to transportation noise exposure and noise annoyance in the SAPALDIA study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106014. [PMID: 32763645 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Prospective evidence on the risk of depression in relation to transportation noise exposure and noise annoyance is limited and mixed. We aimed to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to source-specific transportation noise and noise annoyance with incidence of depression in the SAPALDIA (Swiss cohort study on air pollution and lung and heart diseases in adults) cohort. We investigated 4,581 SAPALDIA participants without depression in the year 2001/2002. Corresponding one-year mean road, railway and aircraft day-evening-night noise (Lden) was calculated at the most exposed façade of the participants' residential floors, and transportation noise annoyance was assessed on an 11-point scale. Incident cases of depression were identified in 2010/2011, and comprised participants reporting physician diagnosis, intake of antidepressant medication or having a short form-36 mental health score < 50. We used robust Poisson regressions to estimate the mutually adjusted relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of depression, independent of traffic-related air pollution and other potential confounders. Incidence of depression was 11 cases per 1,000 person-years. In single exposure models, we observed positive but in part, statistically non-significant associations (per 10 dB) of road traffic Lden [RR: 1.06 (0.93, 1.22)] and aircraft Lden [RR: 1.19 (0.93, 1.53)], and (per 1-point difference) of noise annoyance [RR: 1.05 (1.02, 1.08)] with depression risk. In multi-exposure model, noise annoyance effect remained unchanged, with weaker effects of road traffic Lden [(RR: 1.02 (0.89, 1.17)] and aircraft Lden [(RR: 1.17 (0.90, 1.50)]. However, there were statistically significant indirect effects of road traffic Lden [(β: 0.02 (0.01, 0.03)] and aircraft Lden [β: 0.01 (0.002, 0.02)] via noise annoyance. There were no associations with railway Lden in the single and multi-exposure models [(RRboth models: 0.88 (0.75, 1.03)]. We made similar findings among 2,885 non-movers, where the effect modification and cumulative risks were more distinct. Noise annoyance effect in non-movers was stronger among the insufficiently active (RR: 1.09; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.17; pinteraction = 0.07) and those with daytime sleepiness [RR: 1.07 (1.02, 1.12); pinteraction = 0.008]. Cumulative risks of Lden in non-movers showed additive tendencies for the linear cumulative risk [(RRper 10dB of combined sources: 1.31 (0.90, 1.91)] and the categorical cumulative risk [(RRtriple- vs. zero-source ≥45 dB: 2.29 (1.02, 5.14)], and remained stable to noise annoyance. Transportation noise level and noise annoyance may jointly and independently influence the risk of depression. Combined long-term exposures to noise level seems to be most detrimental, largely acting via annoyance. The moderation of noise annoyance effect by daytime sleepiness and physical activity further contribute to clarifying the involved mechanisms. More evidence is needed to confirm these findings for effective public health control of depression and noise exposure burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikenna C Eze
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Foraster
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain; Blanquerna School of Health Science, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Schaffner
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Pieren
- Empa, Laboratory for Acoustics/Noise Control, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Wunderli
- Empa, Laboratory for Acoustics/Noise Control, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Christian Cajochen
- Center for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Brink
- Federal Office for the Environment, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Tsai SS, Chiu YW, Weng YH, Yang CY. Association between ozone air pollution levels and hospitalizations for depression in Taipei: a time-stratified case-crossover study. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:596-603. [PMID: 32757744 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1801544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies reported an association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and increased mortality rate attributed to suicide and suicide attempts. The investigation sought to determine whether there is an association between short-term ambient ozone (O3) level exposure and daily hospital admissions for depression in Taipei from 2009 to 2013 using a time-stratified case-crossover design. In our single-pollutant model (with no adjustment for other pollutants), the % increase in daily hospital admissions for depression was 12% on warm days and 30% on cool days, per interquartile range (IQR) rise in O3 levels, respectively. Ozone levels were significantly correlated with daily number of depression admissions both on warm and cool days. In our two-pollutant models, O3 levels remained significant after adjusting for other air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) both on warm and cool days. Although O3 levels tended to be higher on warm days, admissions for depression were higher on cool days, suggesting that the relationship between O3 concentrations and depression may be affected by temperature. Further study is needed to better understand these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Shyue Tsai
- Department of Healthcare Administration, I-Shou University , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chiu
- Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Weng
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuh Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institute , Miaoli, Taiwan
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Depression and anxiety with exposure to ozone and particulate matter: An epidemiological claims data analysis. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 228:113562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Rose M, Filiatreault A, Guénette J, Williams A, Thomson EM. Ozone increases plasma kynurenine-tryptophan ratio and impacts hippocampal serotonin receptor and neurotrophic factor expression: Role of stress hormones. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109483. [PMID: 32278163 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is associated with adverse impacts on the brain, including cognitive decline and increased incidence of dementia, depression and anxiety; however, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We have shown that both ozone and particulate matter activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, increasing plasma glucocorticoids and altering mRNA profiles in multiple tissues including the brain. HPA axis dysregulation has been associated with central nervous system impacts, including key effects in the hippocampus; accordingly, we hypothesized that pollutant-dependent increases in glucocorticoid levels impact biological pathways relevant to brain health. Fischer-344 rats were treated with metyrapone (0 or 50 mg/kg), a glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor, and exposed to ozone (0 or 0.8 ppm) for 4 h (n = 5/group) to investigate the role of glucocorticoids in ozone-dependent effects on tryptophan metabolism and expression of serotonin receptors and neurotrophic factors. Ozone increased plasma levels of the tryptophan metabolite kynurenine (~2-fold) and decreased tryptophan levels (~1.2 fold). Hippocampal expression of serotonin receptors exhibited differential regulation following exposure, and expression of key neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor A, insulin-like growth factor-1, tyrosine kinase receptor B, b-cell lymphoma 2) was decreased. Some, but not all effects were abrogated by metyrapone treatment, suggesting both glucocorticoid-dependent and -independent regulation. Exposure to exogenous corticosterone (10 mg/kg) followed by clean air reproduced the ozone effects that were blocked with metyrapone, confirming the specificity of effects to glucocorticoids. These results indicate that ozone can modify pathways relevant to brain health and establish a role for the HPA axis in mediating these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Rose
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alain Filiatreault
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Josée Guénette
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Errol M Thomson
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0K9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Lee H, Jung J, Myung W, Baek JH, Kang JM, Kim DK, Kim H. Association between dust storm occurrence and risk of suicide: Case-crossover analysis of the Korean national death database. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105146. [PMID: 31630066 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian dust storms (ADSs) have been associated with adverse health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Considering the increasing global desertification driven by climate change, it is necessary to assess dust storm-related adverse health effects for establishing appropriate public health interventions. Recent studies have found that ambient air pollution has negative effects on mental health including cognitive disorders, depression, and suicide. However, these studies mostly focused on traditional anthropogenic pollutants from traffic exhaust or fossil fuel power plants; the association between dust storms and suicidal death is yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between ADSs and suicide risk in Seoul, South Korea from 2002 to 2015. METHODS To determine whether increased risk of suicide is associated with occurrence of ADSs, we performed a time-stratified case-crossover study that linked the national death statistics database with ADS occurrence data from the Korea Meteorology Administration. Exposure to ADSs was compared between the day of suicide and control days, matched to the day of the week, month, and year. We further examined whether the effect of ADSs on suicide risk differed according to ADS duration and intensity. RESULTS Over the 14-year period, 30,704 people died by suicide and 133 ADSs were reported. Of these, 55 ADSs lasted over 2 days (long-duration ADSs), and 67 ADSs had higher levels of particulate matter < 10 μm in diameter (PM10) that exceeded the 50th percentile value over the total 133 ADS days (high-intensity ADSs). Exposure to ADS was associated with a 13.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.5-22.4; P = .002) increase in suicide risk on the day of ADS occurrence. Long-duration and high-intensity ADSs were associated with a 19.8% (95% CI, 6.5-34.7; P = .003) and 17.0% (95% CI, 5.2-30.0; P = .004) increase in suicide risk, respectively. These associations remained robust after adjusting for local air pollution levels and meteorological factors. However, this association was not replicated in the unconstrained distributed lag model which revealed inferior goodness-of-fit to our data. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to ADSs was associated with an increased risk of suicide, especially on the same day. This study provides novel evidence of a relationship between ADSs and suicide. These findings could help in establishing public health interventions for suicide prevention as well as in establishing dust storm warning systems. Future studies are warranted to confirm if our findings are replicable and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Jung
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
| | - Ji Hyun Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, South Korea; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, South Korea.
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Yang CY, Huang YT, Chiu HF. Does ambient ozone air pollution trigger suicide attempts? A case cross-over analysis in Taipei. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:638-644. [PMID: 31298077 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1640980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies indicated that exposure to ambient air pollutants was associated with increased mortality rates attributed to suicide. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between ambient ozone (O3) levels and daily number of hospital admissions for suicide attempts in Taipei for the period 2008-2012 using a time-stratified case-crossover analysis. In the single-pollutant model (without adjustment for other pollutants), the risk of committing a suicide attempt increased by 9% on warm days and 27% on cool days for each interquartile range (IQR) rise in O3 levels, respectively. The concentration of O3 was thus significantly associated with daily number of suicide attempts both on warm and cool days. In the two-pollutant models, O3 levels remained significant after the inclusion of other air pollutants (particulate matter (PM10), PM2.5, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO)) on cool days. However, on warm days, no significant correlation was found between O3 levels and reported daily number of suicide attempts. The relationship between O3 and suicide attempts appeared to be dependent upon temperature; however, the basis for these observations requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuh Yang
- a Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tung Huang
- b National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institute , Miaoli , Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fen Chiu
- c Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Linkou , Taoyuan , Taiwan
- d Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
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van den Bosch M, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Environmental Exposures and Depression: Biological Mechanisms and Epidemiological Evidence. Annu Rev Public Health 2019; 40:239-259. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040218-044106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mental health and well-being are consistently influenced—directly or indirectly—by multiple environmental exposures. In this review, we have attempted to address some of the most common exposures of the biophysical environment, with a goal of demonstrating how those factors interact with central structures and functions of the brain and thus influence the neurobiology of depression. We emphasize biochemical mechanisms, observational evidence, and areas for future research. Finally, we include aspects of contextual environments—city living, nature, natural disasters, and climate change—and call for improved integration of environmental issues in public health science, policies, and activities. This integration is necessary for reducing the global pandemic of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda van den Bosch
- School of Population and Public Health; and Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Yang CY, Weng YH, Chiu YW. Relationship between ozone air pollution and daily suicide mortality: a time-stratified case-crossover study in Taipei. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:261-267. [PMID: 30870114 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1589109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Several studies suggested short-term exposure to air pollution might be associated with suicide mortality, although results have been inconsistent and vary depending upon the type of air contaminants. While seasonal variation associated with suicide was reported to occur and that in the spring and early summer there are peaks in ozone (O3) distribution, the relationship between these two parameters is not known. The aim of this study was to examine the potential association between O3 levels and daily mortality rate related to suicide in Taipei for the period 2004-2008 using a time-stratified case-crossover analysis. In our single pollutant model without adjustment for other pollutants, the risk of suicide increased by 11% on warm days and 15% on cool days for each interquartile range (IQR) rise in O3 concentration, respectively. The relationship was positive but did not reach significance. In our two-pollutant models, O3 remained non-significant on warm days after inclusion of one of any other ambient air contaminants into the model. However, on cool days, a significant association was found between O3 levels and enhanced risk of mortality due to suicide after nitrogen dioxide (NO2) or carbon monoxide (CO) were included. The overall positive but not significant findings of elevated risk of mortality frequently attributed to suicide on days with higher O3 levels suggest that outdoor exposures to this gaseous contaminant may contribute to increases in daily mortality rate related to suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuh Yang
- a Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- b National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institute , Miaoli , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Weng
- c Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chiu
- d Master Program in Global Health and Development, College of Public Health and Nutrition , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
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Zhao T, Markevych I, Standl M, Schulte-Körne G, Schikowski T, Berdel D, Koletzko S, Bauer CP, von Berg A, Nowak D, Heinrich J. Ambient ozone exposure and depressive symptoms in adolescents: Results of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 170:73-81. [PMID: 30557694 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression has been associated with air pollution, as reported by animal and epidemiological studies. However, the relationship between ozone exposure and depression, especially among adolescents, is scarcely investigated. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to analyze associations between ozone exposure and depressive symptoms among German adolescents. METHODS The analyses were based on 2827 adolescents aged 15 from Munich and Wesel areas of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts. The depressive symptoms were assessed by the Depression Screener for Teenagers (DesTeen). Long-term ozone exposure was estimated by optimal interpolation techniques and assigned to home addresses. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm (PM10) were assessed by land use regression models. For short-term exposure, maximum 8-h averages of ozone and daily average concentrations of NO2 and PM10 from the background monitoring sites 0 (same day), 1, 2, 3, and 7 days prior to depressive symptoms assessment were adopted. The cross-sectional analyses were conducted by adjusted logistic regression models controlling for residuals of NO2 and PM10, and covariates identified by a directed acyclic graph. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms ranged from 10.9% to 13.8% depending on regions. Overall, long- and short-term exposure to ozone were not statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms. However, subgroup analysis showed inconsistent significant protective associations for short-term exposure to ozone lag 0 day (same day) and depressive symptoms in Wesel (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: (0.59, 0.98)), but not in Munich (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: (0.83, 1.21)). CONCLUSIONS Our study does not support the hypothesis that ambient ozone exposure might increase the prevalence of depressive symptoms in German adolescents. Nevertheless, due to a lack of similar studies, these results need to be replicated in other samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhao
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) Munich, member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Iana Markevych
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) Munich, member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany
| | - Carl-Peter Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea von Berg
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) Munich, member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) Munich, member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Zhao T, Markevych I, Romanos M, Nowak D, Heinrich J. Ambient ozone exposure and mental health: A systematic review of epidemiological studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 165:459-472. [PMID: 29728258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have suggested adverse effects of air pollution on mental health. Given the potentially negative impacts of ozone exposure on the immune and nervous system driven from animal experiments, ozone might also affect mental health. However, no systematic synthesis of the relevant literature has been conducted yet. This paper reviews the studies that assessed the link between ozone exposure and mental health thus far. METHODS We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were systematically searched for epidemiological studies on ambient ozone exposure and mental or behavioral disorders according to the International Classification of Disease. The period was from January 1st, 1960 to December 14st, 2017. We evaluated the risk of bias by the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) Approach and Navigation Guide for each included study. RESULTS The keyword search yielded 567 results. 31 papers met the selection criteria and were included in the review. We found only inconclusive evidence that ozone affects autism spectrum disorders, impairment of cognitive functions and dementia, depression, and suicide. The large heterogeneity of study designs, outcome definitions and study quality in general prevented us from conducting meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence for an association between ambient ozone exposure and mental health outcomes is inconclusive and further high quality studies are needed to assess any potential links given the strong biologic plausibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhao
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Iana Markevych
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Romanos
- Centre of Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Ragguett RM, Cha DS, Subramaniapillai M, Carmona NE, Lee Y, Yuan D, Rong C, McIntyre RS. Air pollution, aeroallergens and suicidality: a review of the effects of air pollution and aeroallergens on suicidal behavior and an exploration of possible mechanisms. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2017; 32:343-359. [PMID: 28915125 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2017-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Risk factors for suicide can be broadly categorized as sociodemographic, clinical and treatment. There is interest in environmental risk and protection factors for suicide. Emerging evidence suggests a link between environmental factors in the form of air pollution and aeroallergens in relation to suicidality. METHODS Herein, we conducted a systematic review of 15 articles which have met inclusion criteria on the aforementioned effects. RESULTS The majority of the reviewed articles reported an increased suicide risk alongside increased air pollutants or aeroallergens (i.e. pollen) increase; however, not all environmental factors were explored equally. In specific, studies that were delimited to evaluating particulate matter (PM) reported a consistent association with suicidality. We also provide a brief description of putative mechanisms (e.g. inflammation and neurotransmitter dysregulation) that may mediate the association between air pollution, aeroallergens and suicidality. CONCLUSION Available evidence suggests that exposure to harmful air quality may be associated with suicidality. There are significant public health implications which are amplified in regions and countries with greater levels of air pollution and aeroallergens. In addition, those with atopic sensitivity may represent a specific subgroup that is at risk.
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Ha H. Geographic Variation in Mentally Unhealthy Days: Air Pollution and Altitude Perspectives. High Alt Med Biol 2017; 18:258-266. [DOI: 10.1089/ham.2016.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hoehun Ha
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Geography, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, Alabama
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Szyszkowicz M, Kousha T, Kingsbury M, Colman I. Air Pollution and Emergency Department Visits for Depression: A Multicity Case-Crossover Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2016; 10:155-61. [PMID: 27597809 PMCID: PMC5006648 DOI: 10.4137/ehi.s40493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between ambient air pollution and emergency department (ED) visits for depression. METHODS Health data were retrieved from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System. ED visits for depression were retrieved from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), Tenth revision codes; ICD-10: F32 (mild depressive episode) and ICD-10: F33 (recurrent depressive disorder). A case-crossover design was employed for this study. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios. RESULTS For females, exposure to ozone was associated with increased risk of an ED visit for depression between 1 and 7 days after exposure, for males, between 1 and 5, and 8 days after exposure, with odds ratios ranging between 1.02 and 1.03. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, as hypothesized, there is a positive association between exposure to air pollution and ED visits for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Termeh Kousha
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mila Kingsbury
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Cho J, Choi YJ, Sohn J, Suh M, Cho SK, Ha KH, Kim C, Shin DC. Ambient ozone concentration and emergency department visits for panic attacks. J Psychiatr Res 2015; 62:130-5. [PMID: 25669697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ambient air pollution on panic disorder in the general population has not yet been thoroughly elucidated, although the occurrence of panic disorder in workers exposed to organic solvents has been reported previously. We investigated the association of ambient air pollution with the risk of panic attack-related emergency department visits. Using health insurance claims, we collected data from emergency department visits for panic attacks in Seoul, Republic of Korea (2005-2009). Daily air pollutant concentrations were obtained using automatic monitoring system data. We conducted a time-series study using a generalized additive model with Poisson distribution, which included spline variables (date of visit, daily mean temperature, and relative humidity) and parametric variables (daily mean air pollutant concentration, national holiday, and day of the week). In addition to single lag models (lag1 to lag3), cumulative lag models (lag0-1 to lag0-3) were constructed using moving-average concentrations on the days leading up to the visit. The risk was expressed as relative risk (RR) per one standard deviation of each air pollutant and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). A total of 2320 emergency department visits for panic attacks were observed during the study period. The adjusted RR of panic attack-related emergency department visits was 1.051 (95% CI, 1.014-1.090) for same-day exposure to ozone. In cumulative models, adjusted RRs were 1.068 (1.029-1.107) in lag0-2 and 1.074 (1.035-1.114) in lag0-3. The ambient ozone concentration was significantly associated with emergency department visits for panic attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaelim Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Choi
- Research and Development Center, Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Sohn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Suh
- National Cancer Center, Koyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyung Cho
- Division of Environmental Health, Korea Environment Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Ha
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsoo Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Chun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Association between air pollution and suicide in South Korea: a nationwide study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117929. [PMID: 25693115 PMCID: PMC4333123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Suggestive associations of suicide with air pollutant concentrations have been reported. Recognizing regional and temporal variability of pollutant concentrations and of suicide, we undertook a detailed meta-analysis of completed suicides in relation to 5 major pollutants over 6 years in the 16 administrative regions of the Republic of Korea, while also controlling for other established influences on suicide rates. Of the 5 major pollutants examined, ozone concentrations had a powerful association with suicide rate, extending back to 4 weeks. Over the range of 2 standard deviations (SD) around the annual mean ozone concentration, the adjusted suicide rate increased by an estimated 7.8% of the annual mean rate. Particulate matter pollution also had a significant effect, strongest with a 4-week lag, equivalent to 3.6% of the annual mean rate over the same 2 SD range that approximated the half of annual observed range. These results strongly suggest deleterious effects of ozone and particulate matter pollution on the major public health problem of suicide.
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González-Guevara E, Martínez-Lazcano JC, Custodio V, Hernández-Cerón M, Rubio C, Paz C. Exposure to ozone induces a systemic inflammatory response: possible source of the neurological alterations induced by this gas. Inhal Toxicol 2014; 26:485-91. [DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.922648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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26
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Neurological symptoms following exposure to ozone. J Neurol 2012; 259:2740-2. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-012-6667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Decomposing the association of completed suicide with air pollution, weather, and unemployment data at different time scales. J Affect Disord 2011; 129:275-81. [PMID: 20828830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has implicated environmental risk factors, such as meteorological variables, in suicide. However, studies have not investigated air pollution, known to induce acute medical conditions and increase mortality, in suicide. This study comprehensively assesses the temporal relationship between suicide and air pollution, weather, and unemployment variables in Taipei City from January 1 1991 to December 31 2008. METHODS This research used the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method to de-trend the suicide data into a set of intrinsic oscillations, called intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Multiple linear regression analysis with forward stepwise method was used to identify significant predictors of suicide from a pool of air pollution, weather, and unemployment data, and to quantify the temporal association between decomposed suicide IMFs with these predictors at different time scales. RESULTS Findings of this study predicted a classic seasonal pattern of increased suicide occurring in early summer by increased air particulates and decreased barometric pressure, in which the latter was in accordance with increased temperature during the corresponding time. Gaseous air pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and ozone, were found to increase the risk of suicide at longer time scales. Decreased sunshine duration and sunspot activity predicted the increased suicide. After controlling for the unemployment factor, environmental risks predicted 33.7% of variance in the suicide data. CONCLUSIONS Using EMD analysis, this study found time-scale dependent associations between suicide and air pollution, weather and unemployment data. Contributing environmental risks may vary in different geographic regions and in different populations.
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Custodio V, González E, Rubio C, Paz C. Brain noradrenaline changes in rats prenatally exposed to ozone. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 30:92-94. [PMID: 21787636 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Revised: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we considered the possible impairment of developmental noradrenergic maturity of the cerebellum, cerebral cortex and pons at 10-, 20- and 30-day-old rats arising from mothers subjected to 1ppm ozone concentration during pregnancy. The noradrenaline concentration was found to be significantly reduced in the cerebellum during the study, while in the cerebral cortex and the pons it was found to be reduced at days 10 and 30 respectively as compared to controls. We concluded that prenatal exposure of 1.0ppm ozone causes embryonic/fetal changes manifested in postnatal levels of noradrenaline concentrations in the brains of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Custodio
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía M.V.S., Insurgentes Sur 3877, México 14269, D.F., Mexico
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Bueno-Nava A, Gonzalez-Pina R, Alfaro-Rodriguez A, Nekrassov-Protasova V, Durand-Rivera A, Montes S, Ayala-Guerrero F. Recovery of motor deficit, cerebellar serotonin and lipid peroxidation levels in the cortex of injured rats. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:1538-45. [PMID: 20535555 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The sensorimotor cortex and the cerebellum are interconnected by the corticopontocerebellar (CPC) pathway and by neuronal groups such as the serotonergic system. Our aims were to determine the levels of cerebellar serotonin (5-HT) and lipid peroxidation (LP) after cortical iron injection and to analyze the motor function produced by the injury. Rats were divided into the following three groups: control, injured and recovering. Motor function was evaluated using the beam-walking test as an assessment of overall locomotor function and the footprint test as an assessment of gait. We also determined the levels of 5-HT and LP two and twenty days post-lesion. We found an increase in cerebellar 5-HT and a concomitant increase in LP in the pons and cerebellum of injured rats, which correlated with their motor deficits. Recovering rats showed normal 5-HT and LP levels. The increase of 5-HT in injured rats could be a result of serotonergic axonal injury after cortical iron injection. The LP and motor deficits could be due to impairments in neuronal connectivity affecting the corticospinal and CPC tracts and dysmetric stride could be indicative of an ataxic gait that involves the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bueno-Nava
- Departamento de Neurofisiologia, INR, SSA, Deleg. Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
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Bueno-Nava A, Gonzalez-Pina R, Alfaro-Rodriguez A. Iron-dextran injection into the substantia nigra in rats decreases striatal dopamine content ipsilateral to the injury site and impairs motor function. Metab Brain Dis 2010; 25:235-9. [PMID: 20424901 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-010-9200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron chloride injections into the rat SNc can cause chronic decreases in striatal dopamine (DA) levels. However, changes in striatal DA content after iron-dextran injection into rat SNc have not been completely elucidated. The aim of this work was to measure striatal DA concentrations after iron-dextran injection into the SNc. We divided 40 male Wistar rats into five groups, including control, saline injected then sacrificed 7 days or 30 days later, and iron-dextran injected then sacrificed 7 days or 30 days later. Striatal DA content was measured in control animals and in all animals sacrificed 7 days or 30 days after injection, and motor performance was assessed in iron-dextran and saline injected groups 30 days after injection. The striatal DA levels were determined using HPLC. There were significant (P < 0.05) decreases in DA concentrations in the striatum ipsilateral to the injection site in the iron-dextran treated rats compared to control and saline-injected rats. There were no significant differences in DA concentration between the sham-operated (i.e., saline-injected) and control rats. We also observed motor deficits in the iron-dextran injected rats. The striatal DA reduction observed after iron-dextran injection may be attributable to iron-induced oxidative injury in the SNc. Motor deficits, in turn, may be explained by subsequent disturbances in striatal and cortical dopaminergic neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bueno-Nava
- Departamento de Neurofisiologia, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, SSA, Mexico City D.F., Mexico
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Prenatal ozone exposure abolishes stress activation of Fos and tyrosine hydroxylase in the nucleus tractus solitarius of adult rat. Neurosci Lett 2009; 452:75-8. [PMID: 19444957 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is widely distributed in the environment, with high levels of air pollution. However, very few studies have documented the effects on postnatal development of O3 during pregnancy. The long-term effects of prenatal O3 exposure in rats (0.5 ppm 12 h/day from embryonic day E5 to E20) were evaluated in the adult nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) regulating respiratory control. Neuronal response was assessed by Fos protein immunolabeling (Fos-IR), and catecholaminergic neuron involvement by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) labeling (TH-IR). Adult offspring were analyzed at baseline and following immobilization stress (one hour, plus two hours' recovery); immunolabeling was observed by confocal microscopy. Prenatal O3 increased the baseline TH gray level per cell (p < 0.001). In contrast, the number of Fos-IR cells, Fos-IR/TH-IR colabeled cells and proportion of TH double-labeled with Fos remained unchanged. After stress, the TH gray level (p < 0.001), number of Fos-IR cells (p < 0.001) and of colabeled Fos-IR/TH-IR cells (p < 0.05) and percentage of colabeled Fos-IR/TH-IR neurons against TH-IR cells (p < 0.05) increased in the control group. In prenatal-O3 rats, immobilization stress abolished these increases and reduced the TH gray level (p < 0.05), indicating that prenatal O3 led to loss of adult NTS reactivity to stress. We conclude that long-lasting sequelae were detected in the offspring beyond the prenatal O3 exposure. Prenatal O3 left a print on the NTS, revealed by stress. Disruption of neuronal plasticity to new challenge might be suggested.
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Biermann T, Stilianakis N, Bleich S, Thürauf N, Kornhuber J, Reulbach U. The hypothesis of an impact of ozone on the occurrence of completed and attempted suicides. Med Hypotheses 2009; 72:338-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tomei G, Capozzella A, Ciarrocca M, Fiore P, Rosati MV, Fiaschetti M, Casale T, Anzelmo V, Tomei F, Monti C. Plasma dopamine in workers exposed to urban stressor. Toxicol Ind Health 2008; 23:421-7. [PMID: 18536494 DOI: 10.1177/0748233707080043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate if the occupational exposure to urban stressor could cause alterations in dopamine (DA) plasma levels and related diseases in traffic police officers compared to a control group. After excluding subjects with principal confounding factors, 306 traffic police officers (139 female and 167 male) and 301 controls (134 female and 167 male) were included in the study. In traffic police officers, mean DA values were significantly higher compared with controls (P = 0.006 and P = 0.000 in male and female, respectively). The distribution of DA values in traffic police officers and controls was significant (P = 0.000 and P = 0.000 in male and female, respectively). The number of male traffic police officers with a positive response to the questionnaire's items concerning anxiety, depression and panic attacks was higher than controls, though not significant (7.2% traffic police officers versus 4.2% controls). This difference was also not significant in female traffic police officers compared with controls. According to our previous researches on other neuro-immune-endocrine parameters, DA could be used as an early biological marker, valuable for the group to be employed in occupational sets, even before the onset of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Tomei
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Gonzalez-Pina R, Escalante-Membrillo C, Alfaro-Rodriguez A, Gonzalez-Maciel A. Prenatal exposure to ozone disrupts cerebellar monoamine contents in newborn rats. Neurochem Res 2007; 33:912-8. [PMID: 18030618 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-007-9534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is widely distributed in environments with high levels of air pollution. Since cerebellar morphologic disruptions have been reported with prenatal O3 exposure, O3 may have an effect on some neurotransmitter systems, such as monoamines. In order to test this hypothesis, we used 60 male rats taken from either, mothers exposed to 1 ppm of O3 during the entire pregnancy, or from mothers breathing filtered and clean air during pregnancy. The cerebellum was extracted at 0, 5, and 10 postnatal days. Tissues were processed in order to analyze by HPLC, dopamine (DA) levels, 3,4 dihydroxyphenilacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA), norepinephrine (NA), serotonin, and 5-hydroxy-indole-acetic acid (5-HIAA) contents. Results showed a decrease of DA, NA, DOPAC and HVA mainly in 0 and 5 postnatal days. There were no changes in 5-HT levels, and 5-HIAA showed an increase after 10 postnatal days. DOPAC + HVA/DA ratio showed changes in 0 and 10 postnatal days, while 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio showed a slight decrease in 0 days. The data suggest that prenatal O3 exposure disrupts the cerebellar catecholamine system rather than the indole-amine system. Disruptions in cerebellar NA could lead to ataxic symptoms and also could limit recovery after cortical brain damage in adults. These finding are important given that recovery mechanisms observed in animals are also observed in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rigoberto Gonzalez-Pina
- Laboratorio de Neuroplasticidad, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Deleg. Tlalpan, C.P. 14389 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Escalante-Membrillo C, Gonzalez-Maciel A, Reynoso-Robles R, Gonzalez-Pina R. Brain thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in rats after short periods of ozone exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2005; 99:68-71. [PMID: 16053929 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2005.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2004] [Revised: 01/22/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been proposed that molecules derived from reactions that occur between the ozone and the lung tissue mediate nonpulmonary effects caused by ozone exposure. Free radicals are among those proposed molecules that flow throughout the bloodstream to other organs producing lipid peroxidation. In order to elucidate on aspect of ozone toxicity mechanisms, we measured the thiobarbituric acid-reactive products (TBARS), as an index of lipid peroxidation, in a variety of brain regions in rats exposed to 1 ppm of ozone for 1, 3, 6, and 9h. Another group exposed to 9h of O(3) plus 3h of clean-air exposure was also included. The results showed an important increase in TBARS content in all the studied structures. Such effect seems to be transient. These findings indicates that acute ozone exposure can produce cerebral peroxidation as it has been found in rats exposed chronically, suggesting an involvement of free radicals in brain effects of ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Escalante-Membrillo
- Dirección General de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, SSA, Insurgentes Sur 3877 Col. La Fama, Tlalpan, C.P. 14269 Mexico City, Mexico
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Alfaro-Rodríguez A, González-Piña R. Ozone-induced paradoxical sleep decrease is related to diminished acetylcholine levels in the medial preoptic area in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2005; 151:151-8. [PMID: 15733536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2004.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2004] [Revised: 09/30/2004] [Accepted: 10/11/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) produces significant effects on sleep, characterized specially by a decrease in paradoxical sleep (PS) and increase in slow-wave sleep (SWS), which in turn represent a sleep-wake cycle disruption. On the other hand, neuronal activity recorded in the cholinoceptive hypothalamic medial preoptic area (MPO) has been involved in the regulation of sleep. However, there is no direct evidence on the role that acetylcholine (Ach) release in the MPO plays in the sleep-wake cycle. In order to study this relation, we measured the Ach concentration in dialysates collected from MPO in rats exposed to coal-filtered air (clean air) for 48 h and in rats exposed to clean air for 24 h followed by 24-h of O3 exposure to 0.5 ppm. Polygraphic sleep records were taken simultaneously to neurochemical sampling. O3 was employed to disrupt the sleep-wake cycle and relate these changes with concomitant disruptions in Ach concentration dialyzed from MPO. A clear circadian pattern of Ach concentration was observed in dialysates from MPO and also in PS, SWS and wakefulness of rats exposed to filtered air. However, O3 exposure decreased the PS by 65% (Mann-Whitney's U-test, p<or=0.0003) and a concomitant decrease of extracellular Ach of 58% (p<or=0.0239) was observed during the light phase. These changes were maintained during the dark phase, although it was also observed that slow-wave sleep increased by 75% (p<or=0.0013) while wakefulness was decreased in 35% (p<or=0.0007). We conclude that Ach release in MPO follows a circadian rhythm that is disrupted by O3 exposure, and these changes are strongly associated with the O3-induced PS disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Dirección General de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS SSA, Insurgentes Sur 3877 Col. La Fama, C.P. 14269 Tlalpan, México City, Mexico.
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Soulage C, Perrin D, Cottet-Emard JM, Pequignot J, Dalmaz Y, Pequignot JM. Central and peripheral changes in catecholamine biosynthesis and turnover in rats after a short period of ozone exposure. Neurochem Int 2004; 45:979-86. [PMID: 15337296 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2004.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2004] [Revised: 06/11/2004] [Accepted: 06/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated in rat the effects of ozone exposure (0.7 ppm) for 5 h on the catecholamine biosynthesis and turnover in sympathetic efferents and various brain areas. For this purpose, the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, was assessed in superior cervical ganglia and in two major noradrenergic cell groups, A2 and A6 (locus coeruleus). Tyrosine hydroxylase activity was estimated in vivo by measuring the accumulation of l-dihydroxyphenylalanine after pharmacological blockade of L-aromatic acid decarboxylases by NSD-1015 (100 mg/kg i.p.). The catecholamine turnover rate was measured after inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase by alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT, 250 mg/kg, i.p., 2.5 h) in peripheral sympathetic target organ (heart and lungs) as well as in some brain catecholamine terminal areas (cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and striatum). Ozone caused differential effects according to the structure. Catecholamine biosynthesis was stimulated in superior cervical ganglia (+44%, P < 0.05) and caudal A2 subset (+126%, P < 0.01), whereas catecholamine turnover was increased in heart (+183%, P < 0.01) and cortex (+22%, P < 0.05). On the other hand, catecholamine turnover was inhibited in lungs (-53%, P < 0.05) and striatum (-24%, P < 0.05). A brief exposure to ozone, at a concentration chosen to mimic pollution level encountered in urban areas, can modulate catecholamine biosynthesis and utilization rate in the sympathetic and central neurones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Soulage
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrative, Cellulaire et Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 5123, Bâtiment 404-Raphaël Dubois, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Campus de la Doua, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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González-Piña R, Alfaro-Rodríguez A. Ozone exposure alters 5-hydroxy-indole-acetic acid contents in dialysates from dorsal raphe and medial preoptic area in freely moving rats. Relationships with simultaneous sleep disturbances. Chem Biol Interact 2003; 146:147-56. [PMID: 14597128 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2797(03)00103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) has been reported to affect sleep patterns and also striatal and mesencephalic contents of 5-hydroxy-indole-acetic acid (5-HIAA) in rats. The aim of this work was to elucidate the effects of O3 exposure in rats upon extracellular 5-HIAA levels in the dorsal raphe (DR) and the hypothalamic medial preoptic area (MPO), two structures involved in sleep-wake homeostasis. Exposure to O3 followed a bell-shaped diurnal pattern, similar to that observed in cities with high air pollution levels. The highest O3 concentration employed was 0.5 ppm. Simultaneous polygraphic records were performed to evaluate the concomitant effects of this exposure model on sleep patterns. Results showed that extracellular 5-HIAA levels increased by 28% in the DR (P=0.0213) while paradoxical sleep (PS) decreased by 56% (P=0.0000) during the light O3 exposure phase. A decrease of 32% in 5-HIAA levels in the MPO (P=0.0450), and of 22% in slow wave sleep (SWS) (P=0.0002) and an increase of 21% in wakefulness (P=0.0430) during the dark post-exposure (Dpost) phase were also observed. We propose that the decrease in PS is the behavioral expression of disruptions of serotonergic DR modulation and, that post-exposure effects observed in the MPO can be explained on the basis of the hypothalamic role in the sleep-wake cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rigoberto González-Piña
- Dirección General de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, SSA Insurgentes Sur 3877 Col La Fama CP 14269 Tialpian, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Tomei F, Rosati MV, Ciarrocca M, Cherubini E, Baccolo TP, Anzelmo V, Tomao E. Work exposure to urban pollutants and urinary homovanillic acid. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2003; 38:2909-2918. [PMID: 14672324 DOI: 10.1081/ese-120025840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether traffic policemen exposed to urban pollutants could be at risk of alterations on urinary homovanillic acid in 24h HVA(U) excretion levels, an end product of dopamine catabolism, compared with a control group. Traffic policemen were matched by sex, age, and working life with control group after excluding principal confounding factors; 50 traffic policemen (29 men and 21 women) with outdoor activity exposed to urban pollutants and 50 not exposed subjects (29 men and 21 women) with indoor activity were included in the study. The HVA(U) excretion levels were significantly higher in male and female traffic policemen compared to not exposed subjects (respectively P=0.003; P=0.023). The authors hypothesize an effect on the excretion of HVA(U) in traffic policemen exposed to chemical and physical stressors, according to HVA(U) modifications found by other authors in workers exposed in factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tomei
- University of Rome La Sapienza, Department of Occupational Medicine, Rome, Italy.
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Rivas-Manzano P, Paz C. Cerebellar morphological alterations in rats induced by prenatal ozone exposure. Neurosci Lett 1999; 276:37-40. [PMID: 10586969 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00777-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study analyzes the morphological aspects of the cerebellum of rats with prenatal exposure to ozone. A double blind histological and planimetric analysis was performed studying sagittal sections of the anterior cerebellar lobe at postnatal days 0, 12 and 60. Ozone exposed rats showed cerebellar necrotic signs at age 0, diminished area of the molecular layer with Purkinje cells with pale nucleoli and perinucleolar bodies at age 12, and Purkinje cells showing nuclei with unusual clumps of chromatin in the periphery at age 60. We conclude that exposure to high concentrations of ozone during gestation induces permanent cerebellar damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rivas-Manzano
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, DF
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Escalante-Membrillo C, Paz C. Development of an experimental model of epilepsy in rats exposed to ozone. Toxicol Lett 1997; 93:103-7. [PMID: 9486945 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(97)00077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Paroxysmal activity has been reported in the olfactory bulb of rabbits chronically exposed to ozone (O3), postulating that this gas provokes alterations in the electrical activity of the central nervous system. The effects of 1 ppm of O3 inhaled daily for 1 or 3 h prior to each stimulation were studied using the kindling model of epilepsy. Results showed that O3 decreased the duration of the amygdaloid after-discharges during the development of kindling and shortened the latency to the onset of the first generalized seizure in rats exposed for 1 h to O3, while the group exposed for 3 h also decreased the after-discharge duration but delayed the appearance of seizures. Spread of seizure activity, defined as the latency to reach behavioral and electrographic signs of tonic clonic seizures was faster in the 1 h O3 exposed rats and slower in those exposed for 3 h. These findings demonstrate that O3 or its reaction products, such as free radicals, could affect the mechanisms involved in kindling course, such changes being dependent of the time of O3 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Escalante-Membrillo
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía M.V.S. Insurgentes Sur, México., D.F. Mexico
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Custodio-Ramírez V, Paz C. Ozone produces functional deficits in the rat visual pathway. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 1997; 104:269-73. [PMID: 9186241 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-5597(97)00012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ozone (O3) have been studied mainly in reference to the respiratory pathways, though some reports have shown that this gas produces noxious effects in brain. The aim of the present work was to study the O3 effects on the central nervous system, focusing on the visual pathway by means of visual evoked potentials technique recording in the visual cortex and the lateral geniculate nucleus of rats exposed to three different concentrations of O3 (0.75, 1.5 and 3.0 ppm). Our results showed that P1, N1 and P2 components were significantly delayed in the visual cortex and lateral geniculate nucleus in those rats exposed to 3.0 ppm of O3. Moreover, the N1 component in the visual cortex was also affected even under exposure to 1.5 ppm of O3. Results suggest that O3 exposure affects the conduction mechanisms and synaptic excitability of the visual pathway. It is known that inhalation of O3 produce a cascade of ozonation products capable of producing lipid peroxidation in the brain. Unevenness of some neurotransmitters has also been referred in animals exposed to this gas. Thus we consider that the delay found in the primary components of the visual evoked potentials could obey to a neurochemical disorder produced by O3 inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Custodio-Ramírez
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, México, D.F. México
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