1
|
Effects of nalfurafine on the reinforcing, thermal antinociceptive, and respiratory-depressant effects of oxycodone: modeling an abuse-deterrent opioid analgesic in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:2597-2605. [PMID: 28567699 PMCID: PMC5709149 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4652-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Strategies to reduce the misuse of mu opioid agonists are critically needed. Previous work has shown that kappa opioid agonists can diminish the abuse-related effects and augment the antinociceptive effects of mu agonists. However, use of traditional kappa agonists is limited by their dysphoric side effects. OBJECTIVES The current study examined the effects of nalfurafine, a clinically available atypical kappa agonist, on the reinforcing, thermal antinociceptive, and respiratory-depressant effects of oxycodone in male rats. METHODS To determine oxycodone/nalfurafine mixture proportions to be examined intravenously across procedures, a progressive ratio (PR) self-administration procedure compared the reinforcing effects of oxycodone (56 μg/kg/inj) available alone or as a mixture with co-administered nalfurafine (0.32, 1, or 3.2 μg/kg/inj), corresponding to oxycodone/nalfurafine proportions of 175:1, 56:1, and 18:1, respectively. Next, PR and thermal antinociception dose-effect functions were each determined for oxycodone, nalfurafine, and the same oxycodone/nalfurafine mixture proportions. Finally, the respiratory-depressant effects of equi-antinociceptive doses of oxycodone, nalfurafine, and the mixtures were compared. RESULTS Nalfurafine decreased the reinforcing effects of oxycodone, and the 18:1 mixture did not function as a reinforcer. Oxycodone and nalfurafine each produced dose-dependent antinociception, and the mixtures produced additive antinociception. In addition, antinociceptive doses of the 56:1 and 18:1 mixtures did not produce respiratory depression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that nalfurafine may augment the thermal antinociceptive effects while reducing the reinforcing and respiratory-depressant effects of oxycodone.
Collapse
|
2
|
Kawakami SE, Quadros IMH, Suchecki D. Naltrexone Prevents in Males and Attenuates in Females the Expression of Behavioral Sensitization to Ethanol Regardless of Maternal Separation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:135. [PMID: 27803689 PMCID: PMC5067536 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal separation alters the activity of the opioid system, which modulates ethanol-induced stimulation and behavioral sensitization. This study examined the effects of an opioid antagonist, naltrexone (NTX), on the expression of behavioral sensitization to ethanol in adult male and female mice submitted to maternal separation from postnatal days (PNDs) 2 to 14. Whole litters of Swiss mice were either not separated [animal facility rearing (AFR)] or separated from their mothers for 3 h [long maternal separation (LMS)]. Starting on PND 90, male and female AFR and LMS mice received daily i.p. injections of saline (SAL) or ethanol (EtOH, 2.2 g/kg) for 21 days. Locomotor activity was assessed in cages containing photoelectric beams, once a week, to examine the development of behavioral sensitization. Five days after the end of the chronic treatment, animals were submitted to four locomotor activity tests spaced by 48 h, to assess the expression of behavioral sensitization. In all tests, animals received two i.p. injections with a 30-min interval and were then assessed for locomotor response to different treatment challenges, which were: SAL/SAL, SAL/EtOH (2.2 g/kg), NTX 2.0 mg/kg (NTX2)/EtOH, and NTX 4.0 mg/kg (NTX4)/EtOH. Regardless of maternal separation, EtOH-treated male and female mice displayed increased locomotor responses to EtOH during the 21-day treatment, indicating the development of behavioral sensitization. In the SAL/EtOH challenge, EtOH-treated LMS and AFR male and female mice exhibited higher locomotor activity than their SAL-treated counterparts, indicating the expression of sensitization. The coadministration of either dose of NTX blocked the expression of locomotor sensitization in both AFR and LMS male mice with a history of EtOH sensitization. In females, a significant attenuation of EtOH sensitization was promoted by both NTX doses, while still maintaining an augmented stimulant response to EtOH. Importantly, maternal separation did not interfere in this phenomenon. These results indicate that expression of behavioral sensitization was importantly modulated by opioidergic mechanisms both in male and female mice and that maternal separation did not play a major role in either development or expression of this EtOH sensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzi E. Kawakami
- Department of Psychobiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel M. H. Quadros
- Department of Psychobiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Isabel M. H. Quadros,
| | - Deborah Suchecki
- Department of Psychobiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guzman DSM, Drazenovich TL, KuKanich B, Olsen GH, Willits NH, Paul-Murphy JR. Evaluation of thermal antinociceptive effects and pharmacokinetics after intramuscular administration of butorphanol tartrate to American kestrels (Falco sparverius). Am J Vet Res 2014; 75:11-8. [PMID: 24370240 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.75.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate antinociceptive effects and pharmacokinetics of butorphanol tartrate after IM administration to American kestrels (Falco sparverius). ANIMALS Fifteen 2- to 3-year-old American kestrels (6 males and 9 females). PROCEDURES Butorphanol (1, 3, and 6 mg/kg) and saline (0.9% NaCl) solution were administered IM to birds in a crossover experimental design. Agitation-sedation scores and foot withdrawal response to a thermal stimulus were determined 30 to 60 minutes before (baseline) and 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 6 hours after treatment. For the pharmacokinetic analysis, butorphanol (6 mg/kg, IM) was administered in the pectoral muscles of each of 12 birds. RESULTS In male kestrels, butorphanol did not significantly increase thermal thresholds for foot withdrawal, compared with results for saline solution administration. However, at 1.5 hours after administration of 6 mg of butorphanol/kg, the thermal threshold was significantly decreased, compared with the baseline value. Foot withdrawal threshold for female kestrels after butorphanol administration did not differ significantly from that after saline solution administration. However, compared with the baseline value, withdrawal threshold was significantly increased for 1 mg/kg at 0.5 and 6 hours, 3 mg/kg at 6 hours, and 6 mg/kg at 3 hours. There were no significant differences in mean sedation-agitation scores, except for males at 1.5 hours after administration of 6 mg/kg. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Butorphanol did not cause thermal antinociception suggestive of analgesia in American kestrels. Sex-dependent responses were identified. Further studies are needed to evaluate the analgesic effects of butorphanol in raptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Role of gonadal hormones on mu-opioid-stimulated [³⁵S]GTPγS binding and morphine-mediated antinociception in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 218:483-92. [PMID: 21607564 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Male rats are more sensitive to morphine-mediated antinociception than female rats. A role for gonadal hormones in this sex difference has not been clearly defined. OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that in vivo manipulation of gonadal hormones alters morphine-mediated G protein activation and leads to changes in morphine-mediated antinociception. METHODS Adult male and female rats were gonadectomized and treated with either estradiol or testosterone in the females or testosterone in the male for up to 10 days. The ability of morphine and the peptidic mu-opioid agonist [D-Ala(2), N-MePhe(4), Gly-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) to stimulate [(35)S]GTPγS binding was measured in brain slices. In separate groups of identically treated rats, the antinociceptive response to morphine was determined using the warm-water tail-withdrawal assay. RESULTS In the thalamus, morphine- and DAMGO-stimulated [(35)S]GTPγS binding was reduced by estradiol treatment of gonadectomized females compared to gonadectomized females treated with vehicle or testosterone. In the nucleus accumbens, the morphine-stimulated [(35)S]GTPγS binding was increased by estradiol treatment of gonadectomized females. In males, castration caused an increase in agonist-stimulated binding in the thalamus and a reduction in the amygdala compared with intact males. No significant changes were seen in mu-opioid agonist-stimulated [(35)S]GTPγS binding in other brain regions. There was no difference in antinociception following the systemic administration of morphine across the different hormonal manipulation conditions and the greater sensitivity of males was maintained irrespective of the treatment conditions. CONCLUSIONS The modulation of mu-opioid receptor activation of G proteins by manipulation of sex hormones is region-specific and not reflected in antinociceptive responsiveness to morphine.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lenz B, Müller CP, Stoessel C, Sperling W, Biermann T, Hillemacher T, Bleich S, Kornhuber J. Sex hormone activity in alcohol addiction: integrating organizational and activational effects. Prog Neurobiol 2011; 96:136-63. [PMID: 22115850 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There are well-known sex differences in the epidemiology and etiopathology of alcohol dependence. Male gender is a crucial risk factor for the onset of alcohol addiction. A directly modifying role of testosterone in alcohol addiction-related behavior is well established. Sex hormones exert both permanent (organizational) and transient (activational) effects on the human brain. The sensitive period for these effects lasts throughout life. In this article, we present a novel early sex hormone activity model of alcohol addiction. We propose that early exposure to sex hormones triggers structural (organizational) neuroadaptations. These neuroadaptations affect cellular and behavioral responses to adult sex hormones, sensitize the brain's reward system to the reinforcing properties of alcohol and modulate alcohol addictive behavior later in life. This review outlines clinical findings related to the early sex hormone activity model of alcohol addiction (handedness, the second-to-fourth-finger length ratio, and the androgen receptor and aromatase) and includes clinical and preclinical literature regarding the activational effects of sex hormones in alcohol drinking behavior. Furthermore, we discuss the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and -gonadal axes and the opioid system in mediating the relationship between sex hormone activity and alcohol dependence. We conclude that a combination of exposure to sex hormones in utero and during early development contributes to the risk of alcohol addiction later in life. The early sex hormone activity model of alcohol addiction may prove to be a valuable tool in the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Loizzo S, Vella S, Loizzo A, Fortuna A, Di Biase A, Salvati S, Frajese GV, Agrapart V, Ramirez Morales R, Spampinato S, Campana G, Capasso A, Galietta G, Guarino I, Carta S, Carru C, Zinellu A, Ghirlanda G, Seghieri G, Renzi P, Franconi F. Sexual dimorphic evolution of metabolic programming in non-genetic non-alimentary mild metabolic syndrome model in mice depends on feed-back mechanisms integrity for pro-opiomelanocortin-derived endogenous substances. Peptides 2010; 31:1598-605. [PMID: 20493223 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that our post-natal handling model induces pro-opiomelanocortin-derived (POMC) endogenous systems alterations in male mice at weaning. These alterations last up to adult age, and are at the basis of adult hormonal and metabolic conditions similar to mild metabolic syndrome/type-2 diabetes. Here, we evaluate how sex influences post-natal programming in these metabolic conditions. Subjects are adult control (non-handled) female (NHF) and male (NHM) CD-1 mice; adult post-natal handled female (HF) and male (HM) mice. Handling consists of daily maternal separation (10 min) plus sham injection, from birth to weaning (21 days). In adult handled males (90-days old) we find not only POMC-derived hormones alterations (enhanced basal plasma corticosterone (+91%) and ACTH (+109%)) but also overweight (+5.4%), fasting hyperglycemia (+40%), hypertriglyceridemia (+21%), enhanced brain mRNA expression of hydroxysteroid(11-beta)dehydrogenase type-1 (HSD11B1) (+49%), and decreased mRNA-HSD11B2 (-39%). Conversely, uric acid, creatinine, HDL(C), total cholesterol, glucose and insulin incremental area under-the-curve are not affected. In females, post-natal handling does not produce both hormonal and dysmetabolic diabetes-like changes; but handling enhances n3- and n6-poly-unsaturated, and decreases saturated fatty acids content in erythrocyte membrane composition in HF versus NHF. In conclusion, for the first time we show that female sex in mice exerts effective protection against the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal homeostasis disruption induced by our post-natal handling model on POMC cleavage products; endocrine disruption is in turn responsible for altered metabolic programming in male mice. The role of sex hormones is still to be elucidated.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1/genetics
- 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1/metabolism
- 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2/genetics
- 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2/metabolism
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Brain/metabolism
- Corticosterone/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Feedback, Physiological
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Handling, Psychological
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism
- Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology
- Lipid Metabolism/physiology
- Male
- Metabolic Syndrome/blood
- Metabolic Syndrome/etiology
- Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism
- Metabolic Syndrome/physiopathology
- Mice
- Pain Threshold/physiology
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolism
- Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiopathology
- Pro-Opiomelanocortin/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Random Allocation
- Sex Characteristics
- Stress, Psychological/complications
- Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Loizzo
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bodnar RJ, Kest B. Sex differences in opioid analgesia, hyperalgesia, tolerance and withdrawal: central mechanisms of action and roles of gonadal hormones. Horm Behav 2010; 58:72-81. [PMID: 19786031 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2009.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews sex differences in opiate analgesic and related processes as part of a Special Issue in Hormones and Behavior. The research findings on sex differences are organized in the following manner: (a) systemic opioid analgesia across mu, delta and kappa opioid receptor subtypes and drug efficacy at their respective receptors, (b) effects of the activational and organizational roles of gonadal steroid hormones and estrus phase on systemic analgesic responses, (c) sex differences in spinal opioid analgesia, (d) sex differences in supraspinal opioid analgesia and gonadal hormone effects, (e) the contribution of genetic variance to analgesic sex differences, (f) sex differences in opioid-induced hyperalgesia, (g) sex differences in tolerance and withdrawal-dependence effects, and (h) implications for clinical therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 11367, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Comer SD, Cooper ZD, Kowalczyk WJ, Sullivan MA, Evans SM, Bisaga AM, Vosburg SK. Evaluation of potential sex differences in the subjective and analgesic effects of morphine in normal, healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010; 208:45-55. [PMID: 19859698 PMCID: PMC3320722 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-009-1703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Sex differences in the analgesic effects of mu-opioid agonists have been documented extensively in rodents and, to a lesser extent, in non-human primates. To date, there have been few experimental studies investigating this effect in humans, and the conclusions have been equivocal. OBJECTIVES The aims of the present study were to examine potential sex differences in the analgesic, subjective, performance, and physiological effects of morphine in human research volunteers. METHODS Using a double-blind outpatient procedure, the present study investigated the effects of intramuscular morphine (0, 5, and 10 mg/70 kg, i.m.) in men (N = 8) and women (N = 10). The primary dependent measure was analgesia, as assessed by the cold pressor and mechanical pressure tests. Secondary dependent measures included subjective, performance, and physiological effects of morphine, as well as plasma levels of morphine. RESULTS No differences in the analgesic and performance effects of morphine were observed between men and women, but significant differences in morphine's subjective effects were found. Specifically, men reported greater positive effects, whereas women reported greater negative effects after morphine administration. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that, in humans, there are sex differences in the subjective mood-altering effects of morphine but, based on this limited sample, there is little evidence for sex differences in its analgesic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra D Comer
- Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 120, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Ziva D Cooper
- Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 120, New York, NY 10032
| | - William J Kowalczyk
- Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 120, New York, NY 10032
| | - Maria A Sullivan
- Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 120, New York, NY 10032
| | - Suzette M Evans
- Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 120, New York, NY 10032
| | - Adam M Bisaga
- Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 120, New York, NY 10032
| | - Suzanne K Vosburg
- Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr., Unit 120, New York, NY 10032
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Knotkova H, Fine PG, Portenoy RK. Opioid rotation: the science and the limitations of the equianalgesic dose table. J Pain Symptom Manage 2009; 38:426-39. [PMID: 19735903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Opioid rotation refers to a switch from one opioid to another in an effort to improve the response to analgesic therapy or reduce adverse effects. It is a common method to address the problem of poor opioid responsiveness despite optimal dose titration. Guidelines for opioid rotation are empirical and begin with the selection of a safe and reasonably effective starting dose for the new opioid, followed by dose adjustment to optimize the balance between analgesia and side effects. The selection of a starting dose must be based on an estimate of the relative potency between the existing opioid and the new one. Potency, which is defined as the dose required to produce a given effect, differs widely among opioids, and among individuals under varying conditions. To effectively rotate from one opioid to another, the new opioid must be started at a dose that will cause neither toxicity nor abstinence, and will be sufficiently efficacious in that pain is no worse than before the change. The estimate of relative potency used in calculating this starting dose has been codified on "equianalgesic dose tables," which historically have been based on the best science available and have been used with little modification for more than 40 years. These tables, and the clinical protocols used to apply them to opioid rotation, may need revision, however, as the science underlying relative potency evolves. Review of these issues informs the use of opioid rotation in the clinical setting and defines key areas for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Knotkova
- Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Intravenous sedation for cardiac procedures can be administered safely and cost-effectively by non-anesthesia personnel. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2008; 21:43-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-007-9191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
11
|
Abstract
This paper is the 29th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, now spanning 30 years of research. It summarizes papers published during 2006 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurological disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Caram-Salas NL, Reyes-García G, Bartoszyk GD, Araiza-Saldaña CI, Ambriz-Tututi M, Rocha-González HI, Arreola-Espino R, Cruz SL, Granados-Soto V. Subcutaneous, intrathecal and periaqueductal grey administration of asimadoline and ICI-204448 reduces tactile allodynia in the rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 573:75-83. [PMID: 17643411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Revised: 06/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the possible antiallodynic effect of asimadoline ([N-methyl-N-[1S)-1-phenyl)-2-(13S))-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-yl)-ethyl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide HCl]) and ICI-20448 ([2-[3-(1-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl-N-methylacetamido)-2-pyrrolidinoethyl)-phenoxy]acetic acid HCl]), two peripheral selective kappa opioid receptor agonists, after subcutaneous, spinal and periaqueductal grey administration to neuropathic rats. Twelve days after spinal nerve ligation tactile allodynia was observed, along with an increase in kappa opioid receptor mRNA expression in dorsal root ganglion and dorsal horn spinal cord. A non-significant increase in periaqueductal grey was also seen. Subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of asimadoline and ICI-204448 (1-30 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced tactile allodynia. This effect was partially blocked by s.c., but not intrathecal, naloxone. Moreover, intrathecal administration of asimadoline or ICI-204448 (1-30 mug) reduced tactile allodynia in a dose-dependent manner and this effect was completely blocked by intrathecal naloxone. Microinjection of both kappa opioid receptor agonists (3-30 mug) into periaqueductal grey also produced a naloxone-sensitive antiallodynic effect in rats. Our results indicate that systemic, intrathecal and periaqueductal grey administration of asimadoline and ICI-204448 reduces tactile allodynia. This effect may be a consequence of an increase in kappa opioid receptor mRNA expression in dorsal root ganglion, dorsal horn spinal cord and, to some extent, in periaqueductal grey. Finally, our data suggest that these drugs could be useful to treat neuropathic pain in human beings.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acetamides/administration & dosage
- Acetamides/pharmacology
- Animals
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Injections, Spinal
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Ligation/adverse effects
- Ligation/methods
- Lumbosacral Plexus/injuries
- Male
- Naloxone/administration & dosage
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Periaqueductal Gray/drug effects
- Periaqueductal Gray/metabolism
- Periaqueductal Gray/physiopathology
- Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/genetics
- Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology
- Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/prevention & control
- Pyrrolidines/administration & dosage
- Pyrrolidines/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/physiology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Somatosensory Disorders/etiology
- Somatosensory Disorders/physiopathology
- Somatosensory Disorders/prevention & control
- Time Factors
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia L Caram-Salas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lomas LM, Barrett AC, Terner JM, Lysle DT, Picker MJ. Sex differences in the potency of kappa opioids and mixed-action opioids administered systemically and at the site of inflammation against capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2007; 191:273-85. [PMID: 17225166 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-006-0663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2006] [Accepted: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Sex differences in the potency of the antinociceptive effects of kappa opioids have been reported in various acute pain models with evidence suggesting that these sex differences are mediated by activity in the N-methyl-D: -aspartate (NMDA) system. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to evaluate sex differences in the antihyperalgesic actions of selected kappa and mixed-action opioids in a persistent pain model and determine if the NMDA system modulates these effects in a sexually dimorphic manner. METHODS Using gonadally intact male and female F344 rats, hyperalgesia was induced by local administration of capsaicin in the tail, after which the tail was immersed in a mildly noxious thermal stimulus (45 degrees C water), and tail-withdrawal latency measured. Opioids were then administered systemically (s.c.) and locally (in the tail) alone, and in selected combinations with the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist dextromethorphan. RESULTS When administered systemically and locally, the kappa opioids spiradoline, U69,593 and U50,488, and the mixed-action opioids butorphanol and nalbuphine, produced dose-dependent antihyperalgesic effects. Whereas the kappa opioids were generally more potent in males, sex differences were not observed with the mixed-action opioids. Peripheral receptor activity was confirmed for local administration of kappa opioids by the antagonism observed after local, but not intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.), administration of the kappa antagonist nor-binaltorphamine (nor-BNI). Dextromethorphan was equally potent in attenuating the antihyperalgesia induced by kappa opioids in both males and females. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate sex differences in kappa opioid activity in a persistent pain model. Although an NMDA antagonist blocked the effects of kappa opioids in this model, these effects were not sexually dimorphic as reported in most acute pain models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Lomas
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|