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Xiao H, Chang M, Torres A, Flores G, Lau M. Preventing Teen Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study of the Perspectives of Parenting and Expecting Latino Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2023; 36:532-540. [PMID: 37468034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Latino youths in the United States experience disproportionately high rates of teen pregnancy. The aim of this study was to obtain expecting and parenting Latino adolescents' perspectives regarding factors contributing to teen pregnancy and pregnancy prevention. METHODS Expecting/parenting Latino adolescents were recruited from high schools with high proportions of Latino youths and teen pregnancy. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic and background characteristics. Focus groups were stratified by age and gender and audio recorded. Grounded theory was used to identify themes from the transcribed audio recordings. RESULTS Thirty-two expecting/parenting Latino adolescents (20 females, 12 males) 14-19 years old participated in four focus groups. Quantitative results revealed that two-thirds of participants at birth had adolescent mothers. Over three-quarters of participants reported that their pregnancies had occurred too soon. Qualitative themes for factors contributing to teen pregnancy included lack of contraceptive knowledge/access, belief of invincibility, influence within relationships, male decisions on contraceptive use, desire to belong among peers, lack of parental support for contraceptive use, lack of parental attention, rebellion, normalization of adolescent parenthood in Latino culture, and media. Themes for pregnancy prevention included time alone with physicians, parenting teens as mentors, reproductive health education, and community pregnancy-prevention programs. CONCLUSION Multiple factors contribute to teen pregnancy in Latino youth, including influences from Latino culture, family, peers, partners, and social determinants of health. Pregnancy prevention should incorporate interventions to address these aspects, including disseminating culturally sensitive education materials, providing parenting teens as peer mentors, encouraging time alone with health care providers, and addressing various social determinants of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Xiao
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas
| | - M Chang
- Los Angeles County & University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - A Torres
- Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara School of Medicine, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - G Flores
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, and Holtz Children's Hospital, Jackson Health System, Miami, Florida
| | - M Lau
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, Texas.
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McCarthy M, Kauer S, Fisher C. Descriptive norms about condom use predict odds of using a condom during last sexual experience in a large, national survey of adolescents from Australia. Sex Health 2022; 19:157-163. [PMID: 35550700 DOI: 10.1071/sh21193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing sexually transmitted infections among adolescents is an important public health goal in Australia and worldwide. This study estimated the association between condom use during last heterosexual sexual experience with two descriptive norms among a large, national sample of secondary school students from Australia. METHODS A large, national online survey of 14- to 18-year-olds in Australia was conducted in 2018; a sub-analysis of sexually active participants (n=2989) used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the relationships between condom use during last sexual experience and condom use norms. The analysis controlled for the effects of age, sex, sexual orientation, religious affiliation, remoteness and knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases. RESULTS Overall, 1673 (56.0% [95% confidence interval: 54.2%, 57.8%]) sexually active respondents reported using condoms during their last sexual experience. Perceiving that all same-age peers used condoms conferred higher odds of using condoms during their last heterosexual sexual experience (adjusted odds ratio: 3.06 [95% CI: 1.6, 6.0]). Perceptions about whether the suggestion to initiate condom use came from boys, girls, or both boys and girls was not associated with condom use. Differences in condom use related to socio-demographic characteristics are reported. CONCLUSIONS As part of a holistic approach to sexuality education, health educators and service providers may emphasise that young people frequently choose to use condoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly McCarthy
- Division of Occupational Therapy Education, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Allied Health Professions, 984000 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4000, USA
| | - Sylvia Kauer
- La Trobe University, Australian Research Centre for Sex, Health and Society, Building NR6, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia
| | - Christopher Fisher
- La Trobe University, Australian Research Centre for Sex, Health and Society, Building NR6, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia; and Victoria University, College of Health and Biomedicine, 300 Flinders Street, Level 10, Suite 10.62, Melbourne, Vic. 3000, Australia
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Giménez-García C, Ballester-Arnal R, Ruiz-Palomino E, Nebot-García JE, Gil-Llario MD. Trends in HIV sexual prevention: Attitudinal beliefs and behavioral intention in Spanish young people over the past two decades (1999-2020). SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2021; 31:100677. [PMID: 34775354 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2021.100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite preventive efforts, HIV exposure is still a concern for public health. The current prevalence is related to unsafe sex, which is based on socio-cognitive variables. Therefore, information about these variables is required to verify whether the past preventive strategies have been effective and improve the future ones. However, there is not updated information to adjust future preventive interventions. For this reason, this study analyzes trends by gender in Spanish young people over the past two decades in perceived susceptibility to HIV, severity perceived to HIV, condom confidence and the intention of condom use, from 1999 to 2020. For this purpose, 11,665 Spanish young people (from 17 to 40 years old) completed the AIDS Prevention Questionnaire in each year. Following our results, in general, the socio-cognitive variables have revealed an unsatisfactory trend: a low perceived susceptibility to HIV and a behavioral intention that have remained stable or even declined slightly over the past years. Particularly, men are more likely to report a riskier level in socio-cognitive variables although, in the latest evaluations, women would decrease condom use intention largely than men. In general, regarding age, young adult would report better levels of condom confidence, but early youth would get higher results in perceived severity, as well as better scores in the latest evaluations of condom use intention. Considering these results, policies should make an effort in HIV prevention programs, and emphasize the attention to attitudinal beliefs and behavioral intention to improve their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Giménez-García
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Rafael Ballester-Arnal
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Estefanía Ruiz-Palomino
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | | | - María Dolores Gil-Llario
- Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Wilson TE, Gousse Y, Joseph MA, Browne RC, Camilien B, McFarlane D, Mitchell S, Brown H, Urraca N, Romeo D, Johnson S, Salifu M, Stewart M, Vavagiakis P, Fraser M. HIV Prevention for Black Heterosexual Men: The Barbershop Talk with Brothers Cluster Randomized Trial. Am J Public Health 2019; 109:1131-1137. [PMID: 31219715 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2019.305121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To identify the impact of a strengths-focused HIV prevention program among high-risk heterosexual Black men. Methods. Barbershops in Brooklyn, New York, neighborhoods with high rates of heterosexually transmitted HIV were randomized to the intervention or an attention control program. Men were recruited from barbershops between 2012 and 2016 and participated in a single small group, peer-led session focused on HIV risk reduction skills and motivation, community health empowerment, and identification of personal strengths and communication skills. The outcome was defined as 1 or more acts of condomless anal or vaginal sex in the preceding 90 days at a 6-month interview. Results. Fifty-three barbershops (24 intervention, 29 control) and 860 men (436 intervention, 424 control) were recruited; follow-up was completed by 657 participants (352 intervention, 305 control). Intervention exposure was associated with a greater likelihood of no condomless sex (64.4%) than control group participation (54.1%; adjusted odds ratio = 1.61; 95% confidence interval = 1.05, 2.47). Conclusions. Program exposure resulted in reduced sexual risk behaviors, and the program was acceptable for administration in partnership with barbershops. Public Health Implications. Dissemination of similar programs could improve public health in communities with high rates of HIV attributable to heterosexual transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey E Wilson
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Yolene Gousse
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Michael A Joseph
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Ruth C Browne
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Brignel Camilien
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Davin McFarlane
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Shawn Mitchell
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Humberto Brown
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Nelson Urraca
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Desmond Romeo
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Steven Johnson
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Moro Salifu
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Mark Stewart
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Peter Vavagiakis
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
| | - Marilyn Fraser
- Tracey E. Wilson, Yolene Gousse, Michael A. Joseph, Davin McFarlane, Moro Salifu, and Mark Stewart are with the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn. Ruth C. Browne, Brignel Camilien, Shawn Mitchell, Humberto Brown, and Marilyn Fraser are with the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn. Nelson Urraca is with Nelson's Barbershop, Brooklyn. Desmond Romeo is with Cuts Barbershop, Brooklyn. Steven Johnson is with F & S Barbershop, Brooklyn. Peter Vavagiakis is with Panna Technologies, New York, NY. The authors collaborated through the Brooklyn Health Disparities Center, Brooklyn
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