1
|
Piombo SE, Huh J, Valente TW. Adolescent Body Mass Index and Exposure to Peers with Overweight and Obesity: A Structural Equation Model Approach to Longitudinal Network Data. Child Obes 2022; 18:445-453. [PMID: 35108122 PMCID: PMC9529305 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Considerable evidence has shown that social networks influence a wide variety of health behaviors. This study investigates whether having friends with overweight/obesity in one's social network (network exposure) can predict changes in body mass index (BMI) throughout high school in a diverse urban population of students. Methods: Racially and ethnically diverse students from five high schools in Los Angeles County were surveyed at four time points throughout high school from 2010 to 2013 (N = 2091). Surveys included questions on students' social networks, demographics, and health-related information. BMI and weight categories were calculated for all students who provided height and weight information (∼50%). A latent growth curve model was used to assess the growth trajectory of BMI and the time-varying effect of network exposure to friends with overweight/obesity while controlling for demographic covariates. Results: Hispanic students had a significantly higher initial BMI compared with non-Hispanic students (p < 0.01). There was a significant positive slope for time on BMI growth (p < 0.01). Greater personal network exposure to friends with overweight/obesity was associated with a significant 0.65-point average increase in BMI (p < 0.05) at the first follow-up time point (T2) and a significant 0.62-point average increase in BMI (p < 0.01) at the last follow-up (T4) while controlling for covariates. Conclusions: Using structural equation modeling to understand the relationship between BMI and social networks, we found that increased network exposure to peers with overweight/obesity is associated with higher individual BMI, demonstrating that friendships may influence adolescents' weight status over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Piombo
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jimi Huh
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas W. Valente
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Background: A fad diet is a broad term used to describe dieting methods that recommend altering the intake of macronutrients to specific proportions or instruct people to intake or avoid particular foods, often with the goal of rapid weight loss. Previous literature reviews report social influence impacts general diet behaviour, but have yet to examine fad diets, specifically. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize literature related to social influence on an individual's fad diet use and understand the sociocultural factors related to diet use. Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL, and CENTRAL databases were searched to identify articles investigating the impact of social on fad diet use. Covidence was used to manage the review process and Garrard's Matrix Method was used to extract data from reviewed articles (n = 13). Results: A majority of reviewed studies examined interpersonal influence (62%) and reported social influence impacting a variety of fad diet behaviours (92%). Interpersonal and media influence were highlighted as motivating factors for adopting unhealthy dieting methods (54%), and studies showed interpersonal support impacted adoption and maintenance of fad diet use (23%). Also, social norms were reported to influence unhealthy weight control behaviours (15%). Discussion: This review revealed social influence is associated with the adoption, adherence, and termination of fad diets. The prevalence of fad diets in society and the lack of research on this topic warrants further examination of factors related to fad diets use and the spread among interpersonal networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Spadine
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, 2655Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States, phone: 607.206.9965
| | - Megan S Patterson
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, 2655Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States, phone: 607.206.9965
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shin C, Oh KM, Lee M, An K, Sim J. A Technology-Enhanced Physical Activity Intervention: A Feasibility Study. Clin Nurs Res 2022; 31:1219-1224. [PMID: 35686393 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using a single-group, pre-posttest design, we evaluated feasibility and acceptability of a technology-enhanced physical activity intervention in 43 midlife (aged 35-64) first-generation Korean American adults who were physically inactive. The intervention consisted of bi-weekly education sessions for 4 weeks, monthly small group walks for the following 8 weeks, and weekly reminder text messages during the entire intervention period. A 100% retention rate, 93% adherence, and 88.4% satisfaction supported the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Paired t-tests revealed the intervention was successful and effective as demonstrating a significant increase in self-efficacy and moderate physical activity and improved cardiometabolic health. This easy and motivation enhancing intervention has a wide potential applicability for other ethnic groups. Further intervention research is suggested in a large sample, multisite, for a longer-term with a randomized controlled trial design, which may lead us to narrow the gap in physical activity engagement and cardiometabolic health disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Moonju Lee
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA
| | - Kyungeh An
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuk JL, Christensen RAG, Kamran Samani E, Wharton S. Predictors of Weight Loss and Weight Gain in Weight Management Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Obes 2021; 2021:4881430. [PMID: 34956673 PMCID: PMC8709769 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4881430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between patient struggles, health, and weight management changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS 585 patients attending a publicly funded clinical weight management program responded to an electronic survey. RESULTS Over half of the patients reported worsened overall health, mental health, physical activity, or diet during the pandemic. Approximately 30% of patients lost ≥3% of their body weight and 21% gained ≥3% of their body weight between March and July of the pandemic. Reports of social isolation was associated with increased odds for weight loss in women (OR = 2.0, 1.2-3.3), while low motivation (OR = 1.9, 1.0-3.7), depression (OR = 2.5, 1.0-6.3), and struggles with carbohydrate intake (OR = 2.1, 1.0-4.3) were associated with weight gain. Cooking more at home/eating less take out was associated with increased likelihood of weight loss (OR = 2.1, 1.1-3.9) and lower odds for weight gain (OR = 0.2, 0.1 to 0.97). Working from home was not associated with weight loss or weight gain (P > 0.6). CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with certain factors that may facilitate weight loss and other factors that promote weight gain. Thus, depending on the patient experience during the pandemic, prevention of weight gain may be more appropriate than weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Kuk
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rebecca A. G. Christensen
- The Wharton Medical Clinic, Hamilton, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Sean Wharton
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Canada
- The Wharton Medical Clinic, Hamilton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wieland ML, Njeru JW, Okamoto JM, Novotny PJ, Breen-Lyles MK, Goodson M, Porraz Capetillo GD, Molina LE, Sia IG. Association of social network factors with weight status and weight loss intentions among hispanic adults. J Behav Med 2020; 43:155-165. [PMID: 31894451 PMCID: PMC7071972 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-019-00131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hispanic adults have the highest obesity prevalence in the United States, but little is known about weight-related social network influences. A community-based sample of 610 Hispanic participants completed height/weight and a survey. The proportion of overweight or obese (OW/OB) network members was higher for OW/OB respondents compared to normal weight respondents. Participants with high weight loss intentions reported more positive social norms for weight control, social support, and social cohesion. If most or all of OW/OB participant's social contacts were trying to lose weight, the odds that they were likely to try to lose weight was four times higher than other participants. The relationship between weight loss intentions and number of social contacts trying to lose weight was strongly mediated by social norms for weight control and social support. These results suggest that social contacts and functional network characteristics may impact weight status and weight control intentions among Hispanic adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Wieland
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Jane W Njeru
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Janet M Okamoto
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Paul J Novotny
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Miriam Goodson
- Alliance of Chicanos, Hispanics, and Latin Americans, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Graciela D Porraz Capetillo
- Alliance of Chicanos, Hispanics, and Latin Americans, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Language Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Luz E Molina
- Alliance of Chicanos, Hispanics, and Latin Americans, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Language Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Irene G Sia
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Smith NR, Zivich PN, Frerichs L. Social Influences on Obesity: Current Knowledge, Emerging Methods, and Directions for Future Research and Practice. Curr Nutr Rep 2020; 9:31-41. [PMID: 31960341 PMCID: PMC7033640 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-020-00302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Individuals tend to be socially connected with those of similar weight and obesity status. To inform future research and intervention development, we reviewed recent literature examining social influences on weight with a focus on mechanisms of social influence, populations studied, and emerging analytical methods. RECENT FINDINGS Social networks appear to influence weight gain and weight loss. It remains unclear what underlying mechanisms (e.g., social norms, social comparison, behavioral modeling) drive this relationship. Stochastic actor-oriented modeling is an important method in the field, but other work has leveraged natural experiment or randomized designs to study social influence. Future networks and obesity research should examine social influence mechanisms, focus on diverse populations across the life course, and carefully consider how to adequately control for competing factors of social selection and physical environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Smith
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paul N Zivich
- Carolina Population Center, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leah Frerichs
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|