1
|
Abstract
The NK1 tachykinin G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) binds substance P, the first neuropeptide to be discovered in mammals. Through activation of NK1R, substance P modulates a wide variety of physiological and disease processes including nociception, inflammation, and depression. Human NK1R (hNK1R) modulators have shown promise in clinical trials for migraine, depression, and emesis. However, the only currently approved drugs targeting hNK1R are inhibitors for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). To better understand the molecular basis of ligand recognition and selectivity, we solved the crystal structure of hNK1R bound to the inhibitor L760735, a close analog of the drug aprepitant. Our crystal structure reveals the basis for antagonist interaction in the deep and narrow orthosteric pocket of the receptor. We used our structure as a template for computational docking and molecular-dynamics simulations to dissect the energetic importance of binding pocket interactions and model the binding of aprepitant. The structure of hNK1R is a valuable tool in the further development of tachykinin receptor modulators for multiple clinical applications.
Collapse
|
2
|
Tyagi M, Poongavanam V, Lindhagen M, Pettersen A, Sjö P, Schiesser S, Kihlberg J. Toward the Design of Molecular Chameleons: Flexible Shielding of an Amide Bond Enhances Macrocycle Cell Permeability. Org Lett 2018; 20:5737-5742. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry−BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Marika Lindhagen
- Early Product Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Pettersen
- Early Product Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Sjö
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), 15 Chemin Louis Dunant, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schiesser
- Medicinal Chemistry, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department of Chemistry−BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Recio R, Vengut-Climent E, Mouillac B, Orcel H, López-Lázaro M, Calderón-Montaño JM, Álvarez E, Khiar N, Fernández I. Design, synthesis and biological studies of a library of NK1-Receptor Ligands Based on a 5-arylthiosubstituted 2-amino-4,6-diaryl-3-cyano-4H-pyran core: Switch from antagonist to agonist effect by chemical modification. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:644-660. [PMID: 28710964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A library of 5-arylthiosubstituted 2-amino-4,6-diaryl-3-cyano-4H-pyrans has been synthesized as a new family of non-peptide NK1 receptor ligands by a one-pot cascade process. Their biological effects via interaction with the NK1 receptor were experimentally determined as percentage of inhibition (for antagonists) and percentage of activation (for agonists), compared to the substance P (SP) effect, in IPone assay. A set of these amino compounds was found to inhibit the action of SP, and therefore can be considered as a new family of SP-antagonists. Interestingly, the acylation of the 2-amino position causes a switch from antagonist to agonist activity. The 5-phenylsulfonyl-2-amino derivative 17 showed the highest antagonist activity, while the 5-p-tolylsulfenyl-2-trifluoroacetamide derivative 20R showed the highest agonist effect. As expected, in the case of the 5-sulfinylderivatives, there was an enantiomeric discrimination in favor of one of the two enantiomers, specifically those with (SS,RC) configuration. The anticancer activity studies assessed by using human A-549 lung cancer cells and MRC-5 non-malignant lung fibroblasts, revealed a statistically significant selective cytotoxic effect of some of these 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives toward the lung cancer cells. These studies demonstrated that the newly synthesized 4H-pyran derivatives can be used as a starting point for the synthesis of novel SP-antagonists with higher anticancer activity in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Recio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Empar Vengut-Climent
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Bernard Mouillac
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Orcel
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Miguel López-Lázaro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, C.S.I.C-Universidad de Sevilla, C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, C.S.I.C-Universidad de Sevilla, C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Noureddine Khiar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, C.S.I.C-Universidad de Sevilla, C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nakamura T, Ramos-Álvarez I, Iordanskaia T, Moreno P, Mantey SA, Jensen RT. Molecular basis for high affinity and selectivity of peptide antagonist, Bantag-1, for the orphan BB3 receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 115:64-76. [PMID: 27346274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bombesin-receptor-subtype-3 (BB3 receptor) is a G-protein-coupled-orphan-receptor classified in the mammalian Bombesin-family because of high homology to gastrin-releasing peptide (BB2 receptor)/neuromedin-B receptors (BB1 receptor). There is increased interest in BB3 receptor because studies primarily from knockout-mice suggest it plays roles in energy/glucose metabolism, insulin-secretion, as well as motility and tumor-growth. Investigations into its roles in physiological/pathophysiological processes are limited because of lack of selective ligands. Recently, a selective, peptide-antagonist, Bantag-1, was described. However, because BB3 receptor has low-affinity for all natural, Bn-related peptides, little is known of the molecular basis of its high-affinity/selectivity. This was systematically investigated in this study for Bantag-1 using a chimeric-approach making both Bantag-1 loss-/gain-of-affinity-chimeras, by exchanging extracellular (EC) domains of BB3/BB2 receptor, and using site-directed-mutagenesis. Receptors were transiently expressed and affinities determined by binding studies. Bantag-1 had >5000-fold selectivity for BB3 receptor over BB2/BB1 receptors and substitution of the first EC-domain (EC1) in loss-/gain-of affinity-chimeras greatly affected affinity. Mutagenesis of each amino acid difference in EC1 between BB3 receptor/BB2 receptor showed replacement of His(107) in BB3 receptor by Lys(107) (H107K-BB3 receptor-mutant) from BB2 receptor, decreased affinity 60-fold, and three replacements [H107K, E11D, G112R] decreased affinity 500-fold. Mutagenesis in EC1's surrounding transmembrane-regions (TMs) demonstrated TM2 differences were not important, but R127Q in TM3 alone decreased affinity 400-fold. Additional mutants in EC1/TM3 explored the molecular basis for these changes demonstrated in EC1, particularly important is the presence of aromatic-interactions by His(107), rather than hydrogen-bonding or charge-charge interactions, for determining Bantag-1 high affinity/selectivity. In regard to Arg(127) in TM3, both hydrogen-bonding and charge-charge interactions contribute to the high-affinity/selectivity for Bantag-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Nakamura
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA
| | - Irene Ramos-Álvarez
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA
| | - Tatiana Iordanskaia
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA
| | - Paola Moreno
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA
| | - Samuel A Mantey
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA
| | - R T Jensen
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cortopassi WA, Kumar K, Paton RS. Cation–π interactions in CREBBP bromodomain inhibition: an electrostatic model for small-molecule binding affinity and selectivity. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10926-10938. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02234k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new model is presented to explain and predict binding affinity of aromatic and heteroaromatic ligands for the CREBBP bromodomain based on cation–π interaction strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran Kumar
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| | - Robert S. Paton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Valentin-Hansen L, Park M, Huber T, Grunbeck A, Naganathan S, Schwartz TW, Sakmar TP. Mapping substance P binding sites on the neurokinin-1 receptor using genetic incorporation of a photoreactive amino acid. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:18045-54. [PMID: 24831006 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.527085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide that mediates numerous physiological responses, including transmission of pain and inflammation through the neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor. Previous mutagenesis studies and photoaffinity labeling using ligand analogues suggested that the binding site for SP includes multiple domains in the N-terminal (Nt) segment and the second extracellular loop (ECLII) of NK1. To map precisely the NK1 residues that interact with SP, we applied a novel receptor-based targeted photocross-linking approach. We used amber codon suppression to introduce the photoreactive unnatural amino acid p-benzoyl-l-phenylalanine (BzF) at 11 selected individual positions in the Nt tail (residues 11-21) and 23 positions in the ECLII (residues 170(C-10)-193(C+13)) of NK1. The 34 NK1 variants were expressed in mammalian HEK293 cells and retained the ability to interact with a fluorescently labeled SP analog. Notably, 10 of the receptor variants with BzF in the Nt tail and 4 of those with BzF in ECLII cross-linked efficiently to SP, indicating that these 14 sites are juxtaposed to SP in the ligand-bound receptor. These results show that two distinct regions of the NK1 receptor possess multiple determinants for SP binding and demonstrate the utility of genetically encoded photocross-linking to map complex multitopic binding sites on G protein-coupled receptors in a cell-based assay format.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Valentin-Hansen
- From the Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, The Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark, and
| | - Minyoung Park
- Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Signal Transduction, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Thomas Huber
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Signal Transduction, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Amy Grunbeck
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Signal Transduction, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Saranga Naganathan
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Signal Transduction, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- From the Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, The Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark, and
| | - Thomas P Sakmar
- Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark, and Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Signal Transduction, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumar S, Das A. Effect of acceptor heteroatoms on π-hydrogen bonding interactions: a study of indole···thiophene heterodimer in a supersonic jet. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:094309. [PMID: 22957571 DOI: 10.1063/1.4748818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Resonant two photon ionization (R2PI), IR-UV, and UV-UV double resonance spectroscopic techniques combined with quantum chemistry calculations have been used to determine the structure of indole···thiophene dimer observed in a supersonic jet. With the help of combined experimental and theoretical IR spectra it has been found that the observed dimer has a N-H···π hydrogen bonded slanted T-shaped structure. The present study demonstrates the effect of heteroatoms present in the acceptors on the strength of the π-hydrogen bonding interactions. It was concluded by Sherrill and co-workers from their theoretical study of benzene···pyridine dimer that aromatic rings containing heteroatoms are poorest π-hydrogen bond acceptors [E. G. Hohenstein and C. D. Sherrill, J. Phys. Chem. A 113, 878 (2009)]. But the current spectroscopic investigation exhibits that five membered aromatic heterocycles are favorable π-hydrogen bond acceptors. In this study, it has also been shown that thiophene is a better π-hydrogen bond acceptor than furan. The present work has immense biological significance as indole is the chromophore of tryptophan residue in the proteins and thiophene derivatives have potential therapeutic applications. Thus, understanding the binding motif between indole and thiophene in the heterodimer studied in this work may help in designing efficient drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, 900 NCL Innovation Park, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Du QS, Meng JZ, Liao SM, Huang RB. Energies and physicochemical properties of cation-π interactions in biological structures. J Mol Graph Model 2011; 34:38-45. [PMID: 22306412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The cation-π interactions occur frequently within or between proteins due to six (Phe, Tyr, Trp, Arg, Lys, and His) of the twenty natural amino acids potentially interacting with metallic cations via these interactions. In this study, quantum chemical calculations and molecular orbital (MO) theory are used to study the energies and properties of cation-π interactions in biological structures. The cation-π interactions of H⁺ and Li⁺ are similar to hydrogen bonds and lithium bonds, respectively, in which the small, naked cations H⁺ and Li⁺ are buried deep within the π-electron density of aromatic molecules, forming stable cation-π bonds that are much stronger than the cation-π interactions of other alkali metal cations. The cation-π interactions of metallic cations with atomic masses greater than that of Li⁺ arise mainly from the coordinate bond comprising empty valence atomic orbitals (AOs) of metallic cations and π-MOs of aromatic molecules, though electrostatic interactions may also contribute to the cation-π interaction. The binding strength of cation-π interactions is determined by the charge and types of AOs in the metallic cations. Cation-π interaction energies are distance- and orientation-dependent; energies decrease with the distance (r) and the orientation angle (θ). In solution, the cation-π energies decrease with the increase of the dielectric constant (ɛ) of the solvent; however, solvation has less influence on the H⁺-π and H₃O⁺-π interactions than on interactions with other cations. The conclusions from this study provide useful theoretical insights into the nature of cation-π interactions and may contribute to the development of better force field parameters for describing the molecular dynamics of cation-π interactions within and between proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Shi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Du QS, Long SY, Meng JZ, Huang RB. Empirical formulation and parameterization of cation-π interactions for protein modeling. J Comput Chem 2011; 33:153-62. [PMID: 21997880 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cation-π interaction is comparable and as important as other main molecular interaction types, such as hydrogen bond, electrostatic interaction, van der Waals interaction, and hydrophobic interaction. Cation-π interactions frequently occur in protein structures, because six (Phe, Tyr, Trp, Arg, Lys, and His) of 20 natural amino acids and all metallic cations could be involved in cation-π interaction. Cation-π interactions arise from complex physicochemical nature and possess unique interaction behaviors, which cannot be modeled and evaluated by existing empirical equations and force field parameters that are widely used in the molecular dynamics. In this study, the authors present an empirical approach for cation-π interaction energy calculations in protein interactions. The accurate cation-π interaction energies of aromatic amino acids (Phe, Tyr, and Try) with protonated amino acids (Arg and Lys) and metallic cations (Li(+), Na(+), K(+), and Ca(2+)) are calculated using B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method as the benchmark for the empirical formulization and parameterization. Then, the empirical equations are built and the parameters are optimized based on the benchmark calculations. The cation-π interactions are distance and orientation dependent. Correspondingly, the empirical equations of cation-π interactions are functions of two variables, the distance r and the orientation angle θ. Two types of empirical equations of cation-π interactions are proposed. One is a modified distance and orientation dependent Lennard-Jones equation. The second is a polynomial function of two variables r and θ. The amino acid-based empirical equations and parameters provide simple and useful tools for evaluations of cation-π interaction energies in protein interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Shi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Geary TG. Nonpeptide ligands for peptidergic G protein-coupled receptors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 692:10-26. [PMID: 21189672 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6902-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides play essential roles in many physiological systems in vertebrates and invertebrates. Peptides per se are difficult to use as therapeutic agents, as they are generally very unstable in biological fluid environments and cross biological membranes poorly. Recognition that nonpeptide ligands for peptide receptors have clinical utility came from the discovery that opiates (such as morphine) act by binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for which the endogenous ligands are a family of neuropeptides (enkephalins and endorphins). Basic research has revealed a very large number of distinct neuropeptides that influence virtually every aspect of mammalian physiology and considerable effort has been expended in the pursuit of new drugs that act through peptidergic signaling systems. Although useful drugs have been found to affect various aspects ofneuropeptide biology, most work has been devoted to the discovery of nonpeptide ligands that act as agonists or antagonists at peptidergic GPCRs. Similar opportunities are apparent for the discovery of nonpeptide ligands that act on invertebrate GPCRs. A consideration of the knowledge gained from the process as conducted for mammalian peptidergic systems can inform and illuminate promising strategies for the discovery of new drugs for the treatment and control of pests and parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G Geary
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Strader CD. Mutagenesis approaches for elucidation of protein structure-function relationships. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; Chapter 4:Unit 4.9. [PMID: 18428492 DOI: 10.1002/0471142301.ns0409s03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Several mutagenesis strategies have been used to allow the identification of specific receptor-ligand interactions to support the docking of ligands within various receptor models. The strengths and limitations of each strategy are discussed in this overview. Large-scale mapping is described using deletion and chimeric receptors. Fine tuning with single residue replacements is also covered along with two-dimensional approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C D Strader
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Di Tommaso D, French SA, Zanotti-Gerosa A, Hancock F, Palin EJ, Catlow CRA. Computational Study of the Factors Controlling Enantioselectivity in Ruthenium(II) Hydrogenation Catalysts. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:2674-87. [DOI: 10.1021/ic701981v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devis Di Tommaso
- Davy Faraday Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Building, University College of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, and Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College of London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel A. French
- Davy Faraday Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Building, University College of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, and Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College of London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Zanotti-Gerosa
- Davy Faraday Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Building, University College of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, and Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College of London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| | - Fred Hancock
- Davy Faraday Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Building, University College of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, and Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College of London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| | - Erika J. Palin
- Davy Faraday Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Building, University College of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, and Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College of London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- Davy Faraday Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Building, University College of London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, and Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College of London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, RG4 9NH, United Kingdom, Johnson Matthey Catalysis and Chiral Technologies, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0FP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kato SI, Nakagaki T, Shimasaki T, Shinmyozu T. Molecular tubes and capsules : Part III. The first X-ray crystallographic evidence of a cyclic aniline trimer via self-complementary N–H⋯π interactions: the aniline inclusion both inside and outside the macrocyclic cavity. CrystEngComm 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b718306b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
Gonzalez N, Hocart SJ, Portal-Nuñez S, Mantey SA, Nakagawa T, Zudaire E, Coy DH, Jensen RT. Molecular basis for agonist selectivity and activation of the orphan bombesin receptor subtype 3 receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 324:463-74. [PMID: 18006692 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.132332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombesin receptor subtype (BRS)-3, a G-protein-coupled orphan receptor, shares 51% identity with the mammalian bombesin (Bn) receptor for gastrin-releasing peptide. There is increasing interest in BRS-3 because it is important in energy metabolism, glucose control, motility, and tumor growth. BRS-3 has low affinity for all Bn-related peptides; however, recently synthetic high-affinity agonists, [d-Tyr(6)/d-Phe(6),betaAla(11),Phe(13),Nle(14)]Bn-(6-14), were described, but they are nonselective for BRS-3 over other Bn receptors. Based on these peptides, three BRS-3-selective ligands were developed: peptide 2, [d-Tyr(6)(R)-3-amino-propionic acid(11),Phe(13),Nle(14)]Bn(6-14); peptide 3, [d-Tyr(6),(R)-Apa(11),4Cl-Phe(13),Nle(14)]Bn(6-14); and peptide 4, acetyl-Phe-Trp-Ala-His-(tBzl)-piperidine-3 carboxylic acid-Gly-Arg-NH(2). Their molecular determinants of selectivity/high affinity for BRS-3 are unknown. To address this, we used a chimeric/site mutagenesis approach. Substitution of extracellular domain 2 (EC2) of BRS-3 by the comparable gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) domain decreased 26-, 4-, and 0-fold affinity for peptides 4, 3, and 2. Substitution of EC3 decreased affinity 4-, 11-, and 0-fold affinity for peptides 2 to 4. Ten-point mutations in the EC2 and adjacent transmembrane regions (TM2) 2 and 3 of BRS-3 were made. His107 (EC2-BRS-3) for lysine (H107K) (EC2-GRPR) decreased affinity (25- and 0-fold) for peptides 4 and 1; however, it could not be activated by either peptide. Its combination with Val101 (TM2), Gly112 (EC2), and Arg127 (TM3) resulted in complete loss-of-affinity of peptide 4. Receptor-modeling showed that each of these residues face inward and are within 4 A of the binding pocket. These results demonstrate that Val101, His107, Gly112, and Arg127 in the EC2/adjacent upper TMs of BRS-3 are critical for the high BRS3 selectivity of peptide 4. His107 in EC2 is essential for BRS-3 activation, suggesting amino-aromatic ligand/receptor interactions with peptide 4 are critical for both binding and activation. Furthermore, these result demonstrate that even though these three BRS-3-selective agonists were developed from the same template peptide, [d-Phe(6),betaAla(11),Phe(13),Nle(14)]Bn-(6-14), their molecular determinants of selectivity/high affinity varied considerably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Gonzalez
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Heath, Building 10, Room 9C-103, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1804, Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Seto S, Asano J. Analysis of crucial structural requirements of 2-substituted pyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocines as NK1 receptor antagonist by axially chiral derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5083-9. [PMID: 17540575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2007] [Revised: 05/12/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the crucial structural features of 2-substituted 8-methylpyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocine derivatives. Axially chiral 8-methylpyrimido[4,5-b][1,5]oxazocines bearing a substituent at the C-2 position were synthesized and evaluated as NK(1) antagonists. The results revealed that (aR, 8S)-stereochemistry and the substituent at the C-2 position are important for NK(1) receptor recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Seto
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, 2399-1, Nogi, Nogi-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dölker N, Deupi X, Pardo L, Campillo M. Charge-charge and cation-π interactions in ligand binding to G protein-coupled receptors. Theor Chem Acc 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-007-0341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
Le Barbu-Debus K, Lahmani F, Zehnacker-Rentien A, Guchhait N, Panja SS, Chakraborty T. Fluorescence spectroscopy of jet-cooled chiral (±)-indan-1-ol and its cluster with (±)-methyl- and ethyl-lactate. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:174305. [PMID: 17100437 DOI: 10.1063/1.2355493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The laser-induced fluorescence excitation, dispersed fluorescence, and IR-UV double resonance spectra of chiral (+/-)-indan-1-ol have been measured in a supersonic expansion. Three low energy conformers of the molecule have been identified, and the ground state vibrational modes of each conformer are tentatively assigned with the aid of quantum chemistry calculations. The frequencies of the nu(OH) and nu(CH) stretch modes of the two most abundant conformers have been measured by fluorescence dip IR spectroscopy and have been used for their assignment. The dispersed fluorescence spectra clearly indicate the coupling of low-frequency modes, as was seen in other substituted indanes such as 1-aminoindan and 1-amino-2-indanol. (R)- and (S)-indan-1-ol distinctly form different types of clusters with (R)- and (S)- methyl- and ethyl-lactate. Both hetero- and homochiral clusters are characterized by complex spectra which exhibit a progression built on low-frequency intermolecular modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Le Barbu-Debus
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire du CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schwartz TW, Frimurer TM, Holst B, Rosenkilde MM, Elling CE. Molecular mechanism of 7TM receptor activation--a global toggle switch model. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2006; 46:481-519. [PMID: 16402913 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The multitude of chemically highly different agonists for 7TM receptors apparently do not share a common binding mode or active site but nevertheless act through induction of a common molecular activation mechanism. A global toggle switch model is proposed for this activation mechanism to reconcile the accumulated biophysical data supporting an outward rigid-body movement of the intracellular segments, as well as the recent data derived from activating metal ion sites and tethered ligands, which suggests an opposite, inward movement of the extracellular segments of the transmembrane helices. According to this model, a vertical see-saw movement of TM-VI-and to some degree TM-VII-around a pivot corresponding to the highly conserved prolines will occur during receptor activation, which may involve the outer segment of TM-V in an as yet unclear fashion. Small-molecule agonists can stabilize such a proposed active conformation, where the extracellular segments of TM-VI and -VII are bent inward toward TM-III, by acting as molecular glue deep in the main ligand-binding pocket between the helices, whereas larger agonists, peptides, and proteins can stabilize a similar active conformation by acting as Velcro at the extracellular ends of the helices and the connecting loops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thue W Schwartz
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, and 7TM Pharma A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Endo D, Ikeda T, Ishida Y, Yoshioka D, Nishimori T. Effect of intrathecal administration of hemokinin-1 on the withdrawal response to noxious thermal stimulation of the rat hind paw. Neurosci Lett 2005; 392:114-7. [PMID: 16229945 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2005] [Revised: 09/02/2005] [Accepted: 09/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hemokinin-1 (HK-1) is a new peptide described as a member of the tachykinin family. HK-1 has biological effects similar to substance P (SP), a representative of the tachykinin family, following central administration. However, the biological function of HK-1 at the spinal level has not been well characterized. Thus, we investigated the effect of intrathecal administration of HK-1 by comparing it with that of SP. Intrathecal administration of HK-1 as well as SP at 10(-3) M caused pain-related behavior such as scratching. The scratching by HK-1 administration was inhibited by pretreatment with an antagonist of substance P receptor. In addition, SP (10(-8)-10(-6) M) decreased the latency of the withdrawal response of the hind paw to noxious thermal stimulation 20-30 min after intrathecal administration, whereas administration of HK-1 had little effect on this response. These results suggest that there may exist a proper receptor related to HK-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Endo
- Division of Neurobiology, Miyazaki Medical College, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kristiansen K. Molecular mechanisms of ligand binding, signaling, and regulation within the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors: molecular modeling and mutagenesis approaches to receptor structure and function. Pharmacol Ther 2004; 103:21-80. [PMID: 15251227 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) could be subclassified into 7 families (A, B, large N-terminal family B-7 transmembrane helix, C, Frizzled/Smoothened, taste 2, and vomeronasal 1 receptors) among mammalian species. Cloning and functional studies of GPCRs have revealed that the superfamily of GPCRs comprises receptors for chemically diverse native ligands including (1) endogenous compounds like amines, peptides, and Wnt proteins (i.e., secreted proteins activating Frizzled receptors); (2) endogenous cell surface adhesion molecules; and (3) photons and exogenous compounds like odorants. The combined use of site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling approaches have provided detailed insight into molecular mechanisms of ligand binding, receptor folding, receptor activation, G-protein coupling, and regulation of GPCRs. The vast majority of family A, B, C, vomeronasal 1, and taste 2 receptors are able to transduce signals into cells through G-protein coupling. However, G-protein-independent signaling mechanisms have also been reported for many GPCRs. Specific interaction motifs in the intracellular parts of these receptors allow them to interact with scaffold proteins. Protein engineering techniques have provided information on molecular mechanisms of GPCR-accessory protein, GPCR-GPCR, and GPCR-scaffold protein interactions. Site-directed mutagenesis and molecular dynamics simulations have revealed that the inactive state conformations are stabilized by specific interhelical and intrahelical salt bridge interactions and hydrophobic-type interactions. Constitutively activating mutations or agonist binding disrupts such constraining interactions leading to receptor conformations that associates with and activate G-proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Kristiansen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu D, Li ZR, Hao XY, Jalbout AF, Adamowicz L, Li RJ, Sun CC. An ab initio theoretical prediction: An antiaromatic ring π-dihydrogen bond accompanied by two secondary interactions in a “wheel with a pair of pedals” shaped complex FH⋯C4H4⋯HF. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:1330-5. [PMID: 15268258 DOI: 10.1063/1.1623744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
By the counterpoise-correlated potential energy surface method (interaction energy optimization), the structure of the pi H-bond complex FH cdots, three dots, centered FH . . . C4H4 . . . HF has been obtained at the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ) level. Intermolecular interaction energy of the complex is calculated to be -7.8 kcal/mol at the coupled-cluster theory with single, double substitutions and perturbatively linked triple excitations CCSD (T)/aug-cc-pVDZ level. The optimized structure is a "wheel with a pair of pedals" shaped (1mid R:1) structure in which both HF molecules almost lie on either vertical line passing through the middle-point of the C[Double Bond]C bond on either side of the horizontal plane of the C4 ring for cyclobutadiene. In the structure, an antiaromatic ring pi-dihydrogen bond is found, in which the proton acceptor is antiaromatic 4 electron and 4 center pi bond and the donors are both acidic H atoms of HF molecules. In accompanying with the pi-dihydrogen bond, two secondary interactions are exposed. The first is a repulsive interaction between an H atom of HF and a near pair of H atoms of C4H4 ring. The second is the double pi-type H bond between two lone pairs on a F atom and a far pair of H atoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shafer AM, Bennett VJ, Kim P, Voss JC. Probing the binding pocket and endocytosis of a G protein-coupled receptor in live cells reported by a spin-labeled substance P agonist. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:34203-10. [PMID: 12821667 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m212712200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To probe the molecular nature of the binding pocket of a G protein-coupled receptor and the events immediately following the binding and activation, we have modified the substance P peptide, a potent agonist for the neurokinin-1 receptor, with a nitroxide spin probe specifically attached at Lys-3. The agonist properties and binding affinity of the spin-labeled substance P are similar to the native peptide. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the substance P analogue is capable of reporting the microenvironment found in the binding pocket of the receptor. The EPR spectrum of bound peptide indicates that the Lys-3 portion of the agonist is highly flexible. In addition, we detect a slight increase in the mobility of the bound peptide in the presence of a non-hydrolyzable analogue of GTP, indicative of the alternate conformational states described for this class of receptor. The down-regulation of neurokinin-tachykinin receptors is accomplished by a rapid internalization of the activated protein. Thus, it was also of interest to establish whether spin-labeled substance P could serve as a real time reporter for endocytosis. Our findings show the receptor agonist is efficiently endocytosed and the loss of EPR signal upon internalization provides a real time monitor of endocytosis. The rapid loss of signal suggests that endosomal trafficking vesicles maintain a reductive environment. Whereas the reductive capacity of the lysosome has been established, our findings indicate this capacity in early endosomes as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Shafer
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Das A, Mahato KK, Panja SS, Chakraborty T. Conformations of indan and 2-indanol: A combined study by UV laser spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculation. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1587111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
24
|
Govaerts C, Bondue A, Springael JY, Olivella M, Deupi X, Le Poul E, Wodak SJ, Parmentier M, Pardo L, Blanpain C. Activation of CCR5 by chemokines involves an aromatic cluster between transmembrane helices 2 and 3. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:1892-903. [PMID: 12411445 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m205685200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR5 is a G protein-coupled receptor responding to four natural agonists, the chemokines RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-2, and is the main co-receptor for the macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus strains. We have previously identified a structural motif in the second transmembrane helix of CCR5, which plays a crucial role in the mechanism of receptor activation. We now report the specific role of aromatic residues in helices 2 and 3 of CCR5 in this mechanism. Using site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling in a combined approach, we demonstrate that a cluster of aromatic residues at the extracellular border of these two helices are involved in chemokine-induced activation. These aromatic residues are involved in interhelical interactions that are key for the conformation of the helices and govern the functional response to chemokines in a ligand-specific manner. We therefore suggest that transmembrane helices 2 and 3 contain important structural elements for the activation mechanism of chemokine receptors, and possibly other related receptors as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Govaerts
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Nucléaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, 808 route de Lennik, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino acids peptide amide that was isolated for the first time almost 20 years ago from porcine brain. NPY displays a multiplicity of physiological effects that are transmitted by at least six G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) named Y(1), Y(2), Y(3), Y(4), Y(5), and y(6). Because of the difficulty in obtaining high-resolution crystallographic structures from GPCRs that all belong to seven transmembrane helices proteins, a variety of biophysical methods have been applied in order to characterize the interaction of ligand and receptor. In this review article we present the most relevant outcomes of the studies performed in this field by our group and others. The use of photoaffinity labeling allowed the molecular characterization of the Y(2) receptor. The concerted application of molecular modeling and mutagenesis studies led to a model for the interaction of the natural agonist and nonpeptide antagonists with the Y(1) receptor. The three-dimensional (3D) structure and dynamics of micelle-bound NPY and their implications for receptor selection have been studied by NMR. The characterization of the tertiary and quaternary structure of the NPY dimer in solution at millimolar concentrations has been performed by NMR and extended to physiologically relevant concentrations by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments performed with fluorescence-labeled analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bettio
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tibaduiza EC, Chen C, Beinborn M. A small molecule ligand of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor targets its amino-terminal hormone binding domain. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:37787-93. [PMID: 11498540 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m106692200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) belongs to a distinct subgroup of G protein-coupled peptide hormone receptors (class B) that has been difficult to target by small molecule drugs. Here, we report that a non-peptide compound, T-0632, binds with micromolar affinity to the human GLP-1R and blocks GLP-1-induced cAMP production. Furthermore, the observation that T-0632 has almost 100-fold selectivity for the human versus the highly homologous rat GLP-1R provided an opportunity to map determinants of non-peptide binding. Radioligand competition experiments utilizing a series of chimeric human/rat GLP-1R constructs revealed that partial substitution of the amino terminus of the rat GLP-1R with the corresponding sequence from the human homolog was sufficient to confer high T-0632 affinity. Follow-up analysis of receptors where individual candidate amino acids had been exchanged between the human and rat GLP-1Rs identified a single residue that explained species selectivity of non-peptide binding. Replacement of tryptophan 33 in the human GLP-1R by serine (the homologous amino acid in the rat GLP-1R) resulted in a 100-fold loss of T-0632 affinity, whereas the converse mutation in the rat GLP-1R led to a reciprocal gain-of-function phenotype. These observations suggest that in a class B receptor, important determinants of non-peptide affinity reside within the extracellular amino-terminal domain. Compound T-0632 may mimic, and thereby interfere with, the putative "pseudo-tethering" mechanism by which the amino terminus of class B receptors initiates the binding of cognate hormones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E C Tibaduiza
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, Tupper Research Institute, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pellegrini M, Bremer AA, Ulfers AL, Boyd ND, Mierke DF. Molecular characterization of the substance P*neurokinin-1 receptor complex: development of an experimentally based model. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:22862-7. [PMID: 11294871 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m101057200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular models for the interaction of substance P (SP) with its G protein-coupled receptor, the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R), have been developed. The ligand.receptor complex is based on experimental data from a series of photoaffinity labeling experiments and spectroscopic structural studies of extracellular domains of the NK-1R. Using the ligand/receptor contact points derived from incorporation of photolabile probes (p-benzoylphenylalanine (Bpa)) into SP at positions 3, 4, and 8 and molecular dynamics simulations, the topological arrangement of SP within the NK-1R is explored. The model incorporates the structural features, determined by high resolution NMR studies, of the second extracellular loop (EC2), containing contact points Met(174) and Met(181), providing important experimentally based conformational preferences for the simulations. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to probe the nature of the two contact points identified for the Bpa(3)SP analogue (Bremer, A. A., Leeman, S. E., and Boyd, N. D. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 22857-22861), examining modes of ligand binding in which the contact points are fulfilled sequentially or simultaneously. The resulting ligand.receptor complex has the N terminus of SP projecting toward transmembrane helix (TM) 1 and TM2, exposed to the solvent. The C terminus of SP is located in proximity to TM5 and TM6, deeper into the central core of the receptor. The central portion of the ligand, adopting a helical loop conformation, is found to align with the helices of the central regions EC2 and EC3, forming important interactions with both of these extracellular domains. The model developed here allows for atomic insight into the biochemical data currently available and guides targeting of future experiments to probe specific ligand/receptor interactions and thereby furthers our understanding of the functioning of this important neuropeptide system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
A model of the endothelin G-protein-coupled receptor (ET(A)) has been constructed using a segmented approach. The model was produced using a bovine rhodopsin model as a template for the seven transmembrane alpha-helices. The three cytoplasmic loop regions and the C-terminal region were modeled on NMR structures of corresponding segments from bovine rhodopsin. The three extracellular loops were modeled on homologous loop regions in other proteins of known structure. The N-terminal region was modeled as a three-helix domain based on its homology with a hydrolase protein. To test the model, the FTDOCK algorithm was used to predict the ligand-binding site for the crystal structure of human endothelin. The site of docking is consistent with mutational and biochemical data. The principal sites of interaction in the endothelin ligand all lie on one face of a helix that has been implicated by structure-activity relationship studies as being essential for binding. As further support for the model, attempts to dock bigET, an inactive precursor to endothelin that does not bind to the receptor, found no sites for tight binding. The model of the receptor-ligand complex produced forms a basis for rational drug design of agonists and antagonists for this G-protein-coupled receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Orry
- Department of Crystallography, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tsuzuki S, Honda K, Uchimaru T, Mikami M, Tanabe K. Origin of the Attraction and Directionality of the NH/π Interaction: Comparison with OH/π and CH/π Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja001901a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Tsuzuki
- Contribution from the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Honda
- Contribution from the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Uchimaru
- Contribution from the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masuhiro Mikami
- Contribution from the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Tanabe
- Contribution from the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cusack B, Jansen K, McCormick DJ, Chou T, Pang Y, Richelson E. A single amino acid of the human and rat neurotensin receptors (subtype 1) determining the pharmacological profile of a species-selective neurotensin agonist. Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 60:793-801. [PMID: 10930533 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The neurotensin (NT) receptor, subtype 1 (NTR1), is a 7-transmembrane-spanning receptor, forming 3 extracellular and 3 intracellular loops. Previously, we showed that the third outer loop (E3) is the binding site for NT and its analogs, several of which bind with higher affinity to rat NTR1 (rNTR1) than to human NTR1 (hNTR1). In particular, NT34 [3,1'-naphthyl-l-Ala(11)]NT(8-13) has greater than 60-fold higher affinity for rNTR1 (46 and 60 pM for transiently- and stably-transfected cells, respectively) than for hNTR1 (2.8 and 5.8 nM for transiently- and stably-transfected cells, respectively) isolated from transfected cell membranes. Previously, our molecular modeling studies of rNTR1 and hNTR1 showed that the binding pocket in the human receptor for NT34 is smaller in volume from the bulky residue Tyr(339) in the pocket center, as compared with the corresponding residue Phe(344) in the rat binding pocket. Therefore, with site-directed mutagenesis, we derived mutant forms of rNTR1(F344Y) and hNTR1(Y339F). Examination of the mutant receptors from membranal preparations of transfected cells in radioligand binding assays and with intact cells in functional assays (phosphatidyl-4,5-bisphosphate turnover) showed that the human-like rat receptor and the rat-like human receptor bound NT34 with a predicted reverse of binding compared with its binding to the wild-type receptors. These results strongly affirm our molecular modeling studies and demonstrate the importance of the study of even minor structural variations in proteins to determine the basis of significantly different drug responses, an area of focus for pharmacological research in the 21st century.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Cusack
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research and Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sarau HM, Mooney JL, Schmidt DB, Foley JJ, Buckley PT, Giardina GA, Wang DY, Lee JA, Hay DW. Evidence that the proposed novel human "neurokinin-4" receptor is pharmacologically similar to the human neurokinin-3 receptor but is not of human origin. Mol Pharmacol 2000; 58:552-9. [PMID: 10953048 DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.3.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been proposals that the tachykinin receptor classification should be extended to include a novel receptor, the "neurokinin-4" receptor (NK-4R), which has a close homology with the human NK-3 receptor (hNK-3R). We compared the pharmacological and molecular biological characteristics of the hNK-3R and NK-4R. Binding experiments, with (125)I-[MePhe(7)]-NKB binding to HEK 293 cell membranes transiently expressing the hNK-3R (HEK 293-hNK-3R) or NK-4R (HEK 293-NK-4R), and functional studies (Ca(2+) mobilization in the same cells) revealed a similar profile of sensitivity to tachykinin agonists and antagonists for both receptors; i.e., in binding studies with the hNK-3R, MePhe(7)-NKB > NKB > senktide >> NKA = Substance P; with the NK-4R, MePhe(7)-NKB > NKB = senktide >> Substance P = NKA; and with antagonists, SB 223412 = SR 142801 > SB 222200 >> SR 48968 >> CP 99994 for both hNK-3R and NK-4R. Thus, the pharmacology of the two receptors was nearly identical. However, attempts to isolate or identify the NK-4R gene by using various molecular biological techniques were unsuccessful. Procedures, including nested polymerase chain reaction studies, that used products with restriction endonuclease sites specific for either hNK-3R or NK-4R, failed to demonstrate the presence of NK-4R in genomic DNA from human, monkey, mouse, rat, hamster, or guinea pig, and in cDNA libraries from human lung, brain, or heart, whereas the hNK-3R was detectable in the latter libraries. In view of the failure to demonstrate the presence of the putative NK-4R it is thought to be premature to extend the current tachykinin receptor classification.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Binding, Competitive
- Biological Transport
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA, Complementary/analysis
- Humans
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Radioligand Assay
- Receptors, Neurokinin-3/drug effects
- Receptors, Neurokinin-3/genetics
- Receptors, Neurokinin-3/metabolism
- Receptors, Tachykinin/drug effects
- Receptors, Tachykinin/genetics
- Receptors, Tachykinin/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Tachykinin/metabolism
- Restriction Mapping
- Tachykinins/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Sarau
- Department of Pulmonary Biology, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Röper S, Frackenpohl J, Schrake O, Wartchow R, Hoffmann HM. Synthesis of enantiopure 1-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes via stereoselective capture of chiral carbocations. Org Lett 2000; 2:1661-4. [PMID: 10880195 DOI: 10.1021/ol0057378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A new class of doubly functionalized and enantiomerically pure 1-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes derived from quincorine and quincoridine is described. 2,5-Disubstituted quinuclidines with a C9-mesyloxy group were easily transformed into the corresponding halides upon treatment with lithium salts. Subsequent silver salt-mediated ring expansion stereoselectively furnished the title azabicyclics. Chiral carbocations which are configurationally stable and nonplanar are postulated to account for the striking stereoselectivity of the capture of external nucleophile. 5-Ethynyl-2-iodomethylquinuclidines afford the alpha-benzoyloxy amines rather than alpha-methoxy amines, even in MeOH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Röper
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Hannover, Schneiderberg Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) belong to the NPY hormone family and activate a class of receptors called the Y-receptors, and also belong to the large superfamily of the G-protein coupled receptors. Structure-affinity and structure-activity relationship studies of peptide analogs, combined with studies based on site-directed mutagenesis and anti-receptor antibodies, have given insight into the individual characterization of each receptor subtype relative to its interaction with the ligand, as well as to its biological function. A number of selective antagonists at the Y1-receptor are available whose structures resemble that of the C-terminus of NPY. Some of these compounds, like BIBP3226, BIBO3304 and GW1229, have recently been used for in vivo investigations of the NPY-induced increase in food intake. Y2-receptor selective agonists are the analog cyclo-(28/32)-Ac-[Lys28-Glu32]-(25-36)-pNPY and the TASP molecule containing two units of the NPY segment 21-36. Now the first antagonist with nanomolar affinity for the Y2-receptor is also known, BIIE0246. So far, the native peptide PP has been shown to be the most potent ligand at the Y4-receptor. However, by the design of PP/NPY chimera, some analogs have been found that bind not only to the Y4-, but also to the Y5-receptor with subnanomolar affinities, and are as potent as NPY at the Y1-receptor. For the characterization of the Y5-receptor in vitro and in vivo, a new class of highly selective agonists is now available. This consists of analogs of NPY and of PP/NPY chimera which all contain the motif Ala31-Aib32. This motif has been shown to induce a 3(10)-helical turn in the region 28-31 of NPY and is suggested to be the key motif for high Y5-receptor selectivity. The results of feeding experiments in rats treated with the first highly specific Y5-receptor agonists support the hypothesis that this receptor plays a role in the NPY-induced stimulation of food intake. In conclusion, the selective compounds for the different Y receptor subtypes known so far are promising tools for a better understanding of the physiological properties of the hormones of the NPY family and related receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Cabrele
- Department of Pharmacy, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
G protein-coupled, seven-transmembrane segment receptors (GPCRs or 7TM receptors), with more than 1000 different members, comprise the largest superfamily of proteins in the body. Since the cloning of the first receptors more than a decade ago, extensive experimental work has uncovered multiple aspects of their function and challenged many traditional paradigms. However, it is only recently that we are beginning to gain insight into some of the most fundamental questions in the molecular function of this class of receptors. How can, for example, so many chemically diverse hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules activate receptors believed to share a similar overall tertiary structure? What is the nature of the physical changes linking agonist binding to receptor activation and subsequent transduction of the signal to the associated G protein on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane and to other putative signaling pathways? The goal of the present review is to specifically address these questions as well as to depict the current awareness about GPCR structure-function relationships in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Gether
- Department of Medical Physiology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Leverd PC, Berthault P, Lance M, Nierlich M. Successive Inclusion of Water, [H3NCH2CH2NH3]2+ and [H3NCH2CH2NH2]+ in the Aromatic Cavity of (p-Sulfonato)calix[4]arene. European J Org Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(200001)2000:1<133::aid-ejoc133>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
36
|
Leverd PC, Berthault P, Lance M, Nierlich M. Successive Inclusion of Water, [H3NCH2CH2NH3]2+ and [H3NCH2CH2NH2]+ in the Aromatic Cavity of (p-Sulfonato)calix[4]arene. European J Org Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(200001)2000:1%3c133::aid-ejoc133%3e3.0.co%3b2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
37
|
Greenfeder S, Cheewatrakoolpong B, Billah M, Egan RW, Keene E, Murgolo NJ, Anthes JC. The neurokinin-1 and neurokinin-2 receptor binding sites of MDL103,392 differ. Bioorg Med Chem 1999; 7:2867-76. [PMID: 10658591 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(99)00220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Several small molecule non-peptide antagonists of the NK-1 and NK-2 receptors have been developed. Mutational analysis of the receptor protein sequence has led to the conclusion that the binding site for these non-peptide antagonists lies within the bundle created by transmembrane domains IV-VII of the receptor and differs from the binding sites of peptide agonists and antagonists. The current investigation uses site-directed mutagenesis of the NK-1 and NK-2 receptors to elucidate the amino acids that are important for binding and functional activity of the first potent dual NK-1/NK-2 antagonist MDL103,392. The amino acids found to be important for MDL103,392 binding to the NK-1 receptor are Gln-165, His-197, Leu-203, Ile-204, Phe-264, His-265 and Tyr-272. The amino acids found to be important for MDL103,392 binding to the NK-2 receptor are Gln-166, His-198, Tyr-266 and Tyr-289. While residues in transmembrane (TM) domains IV and V are important in both receptors (Gln-165/166 and His-197/198), residues in TM V and VI are more important for the NK-1 receptor and residues in TM VII play a more important role in the NK-2 receptor. These data are the first report of the analysis of the binding site of a dual tachykinin receptor antagonist and indicate that a single compound (MDL103,392) binds to each receptor in a different manner despite there being a high degree of homology in the transmembrane bundles. In addition, this is the first report in which a model for the binding of a non-peptide antagonist to the NK-2 receptor is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Greenfeder
- Department of Allergy, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tarakeshwar P, Choi HS, Lee SJ, Lee JY, Kim KS, Ha TK, Jang JH, Lee JG, Lee H. A theoretical investigation of the nature of the π-H interaction in ethene–H2O, benzene–H2O, and benzene–(H2O)2. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
39
|
Affiliation(s)
- J F Rehfeld
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Silvente-Poirot S, Escrieut C, Galès C, Fehrentz JA, Escherich A, Wank SA, Martinez J, Moroder L, Maigret B, Bouisson M, Vaysse N, Fourmy D. Evidence for a direct interaction between the penultimate aspartic acid of cholecystokinin and histidine 207, located in the second extracellular loop of the cholecystokinin B receptor. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:23191-7. [PMID: 10438490 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.33.23191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported that the mutation of His(207) to Phe located in the second extracellular loop of the cholecystokinin B receptor strongly affected cholecystokinin (CCK) binding (Silvente-Poirot, S., Escrieut, C., and Wank, S. A. (1998) Mol. Pharmacol. 54, 364-371). To characterize the functional group in CCK that interacts with His(207), we first substituted His(207) to Ala. This mutation decreased the affinity and the potency of CCK to produce total inositol phosphates 302-fold and 456-fold without affecting the expression of the mutant receptor. The screening of L-alanine-modified CCK peptides to bind and activate the wild type and mutant receptors allowed the identification of the interaction of the C-terminal Asp(8) of CCK with His(207). The H207A-CCKBR mutant, unlike the wild type receptor, was insensitive to substitution of Asp(8) of CCK to other amino acid residues. This interaction was further confirmed by mutating His(207) to Asp. The affinity of CCK for the H207D-CCKBR mutant was 100-fold lower than for the H207A-CCKBR mutant, consistent with an electrostatic repulsion between the negative charges of the two interacting aspartic acids. Peptides with neutral amino acids in position eight of CCK reversed this effect and displayed a gain of affinity for the H207D mutant compared with CCK. To date, this is the first report concerning the identification of a direct contact point between the CCKB receptor and CCK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Silvente-Poirot
- INSERM U 151, Institute Louis Bugnart, CHU Rangueil, Bat L3, 31403 Toulouse Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide originally discovered in the gastrointestinal tract but also found in high density in the mammalian brain. The C-terminal sulphated octapeptide fragment of cholecystokinin (CCK8) constitutes one of the major neuropeptides in the brain; CCK8 has been shown to be involved in numerous physiological functions such as feeding behavior, central respiratory control and cardiovascular tonus, vigilance states, memory processes, nociception, emotional and motivational responses. CCK8 interacts with nanomolar affinities with two different receptors designated CCK-A and CCK-B. The functional role of CCK and its binding sites in the brain and periphery has been investigated thanks to the development of potent and selective CCK receptor antagonists and agonists. In this review, the strategies followed to design these probes, and their use to study the anatomy of CCK pathways, the neurochemical and pharmacological properties of this peptide and the clinical perspectives offered by manipulation of the CCK system will be reported. The physiological and pathological implication of CCK-B receptor will be confirmed in CCK-B receptor deficient mice obtained by gene targeting (Nagata el al., 1996. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 11825-11830). Moreover, CCK receptor gene structure, deletion and mutagenesis experiments, and signal transduction mechanisms will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Noble
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire et Structurale, INSERM U266-CNRS UMR 8600, Université René Descartes, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hanson DC, Nguyen A, Mather RJ, Rauer H, Koch K, Burgess LE, Rizzi JP, Donovan CB, Bruns MJ, Canniff PC, Cunningham AC, Verdries KA, Mena E, Kath JC, Gutman GA, Cahalan MD, Grissmer S, Chandy KG. UK-78,282, a novel piperidine compound that potently blocks the Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channel and inhibits human T cell activation. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 126:1707-16. [PMID: 10372812 PMCID: PMC1565958 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. UK-78,282, a novel piperidine blocker of the T lymphocyte voltage-gated K+ channel, Kv1.3, was discovered by screening a large compound file using a high-throughput 86Rb efflux assay. This compound blocks Kv1.3 with a IC50 of approximately 200 nM and 1:1 stoichiometry. A closely related compound, CP-190,325, containing a benzyl moiety in place of the benzhydryl in UK-78,282, is significantly less potent. 2 Three lines of evidence indicate that UK-78,282 inhibits Kv1.3 in a use-dependent manner by preferentially blocking and binding to the C-type inactivated state of the channel. Increasing the fraction of inactivated channels by holding the membrane potential at - 50 mV enhances the channel's sensitivity to UK-78,282. Decreasing the number of inactivated channels by exposure to approximately 160 mM external K+ decreases the sensitivity to UK-78,282. Mutations that alter the rate of C-type inactivation also change the channel's sensitivity to UK-78,282 and there is a direct correlation between tau(h) and IC50 values. 3. Competition experiments suggest that UK-78,282 binds to residues at the inner surface of the channel overlapping the site of action of verapamil. Internal tetraethylammonium and external charybdotoxin do not compete UK-78,282's action on the channel. 4. UK-78,282 displays marked selectivity for Kv1.3 over several other closely related K+ channels, the only exception being the rapidly inactivating voltage-gated K+ channel, Kv1.4. 5. UK-78,282 effectively suppresses human T-lymphocyte activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C Hanson
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Angela Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, U.S.A
| | - Robert J Mather
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Heiko Rauer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, U.S.A
| | - Kevin Koch
- Amgen Inc., 3200 Walnut Street, Boulder, Colorado 80301, U.S.A
| | | | - James P Rizzi
- Amgen Inc., 3200 Walnut Street, Boulder, Colorado 80301, U.S.A
| | - Carol B Donovan
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Matthew J Bruns
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Paul C Canniff
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - Ann C Cunningham
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | | | - Edward Mena
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - John C Kath
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, Connecticut 06340, U.S.A
| | - George A Gutman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, California, 92697, U.S.A
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, U.S.A
| | - Stephan Grissmer
- Department of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - K George Chandy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, U.S.A
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, California, 92697, U.S.A
- Author for correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Santagati A, Longmore J, Guccione S, Langer T, Tonnel E, Modica M, Santagati M, Scolaro LM, Russo F. Building a model of interaction at the NK-2 receptors: Polycondensed heterocycles containing the pyrimidoindole skeleton. Eur J Med Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(97)89641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
44
|
Barker EL, Blakely RD. Structural determinants of neurotransmitter transport using cross-species chimeras: studies on serotonin transporter. Methods Enzymol 1998; 296:475-98. [PMID: 9779469 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(98)96035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E L Barker
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6600, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Samanta U, Chakrabarti P, Chandrasekhar J. Ab Initio Study of Energetics of X−H···π (X = N, O, and C) Interactions Involving a Heteroaromatic Ring. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp981501y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttamkumar Samanta
- Division of Physical Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India, Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Calcutta 700054, India, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Pinak Chakrabarti
- Division of Physical Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India, Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Calcutta 700054, India, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Jayaraman Chandrasekhar
- Division of Physical Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India, Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Calcutta 700054, India, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Labbé-Jullié C, Barroso S, Nicolas-Etève D, Reversat JL, Botto JM, Mazella J, Bernassau JM, Kitabgi P. Mutagenesis and modeling of the neurotensin receptor NTR1. Identification of residues that are critical for binding SR 48692, a nonpeptide neurotensin antagonist. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:16351-7. [PMID: 9632698 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.26.16351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The two neurotensin receptor subtypes known to date, NTR1 and NTR2, belong to the family of G-protein-coupled receptors with seven putative transmembrane domains (TM). SR 48692, a nonpeptide neurotensin antagonist, is selective for the NTR1. In the present study we attempted, through mutagenesis and computer-assisted modeling, to identify residues in the rat NTR1 that are involved in antagonist binding and to provide a tentative molecular model of the SR 48692 binding site. The seven putative TMs of the NTR1 were defined by sequence comparison and alignment of bovine rhodopsin and G-protein-coupled receptors. Thirty-five amino acid residues within or flanking the TMs were mutated to alanine. Additional mutations were performed for basic residues. The wild type and mutant receptors were expressed in COS M6 cells and tested for their ability to bind 125I-NT and [3H]SR 48692. A tridimensional model of the SR 48692 binding site was constructed using frog rhodopsin as a template. SR 48692 was docked into the receptor, taking into account the mutagenesis data for orienting the antagonist. The model shows that the antagonist binding pocket lies near the extracellular side of the transmembrane helices within the first two helical turns. The data identify one residue in TM 4, three in TM 6, and four in TM 7 that are involved in SR 48692 binding. Two of these residues, Arg327 in TM 6 and Tyr351 in TM 7, play a key role in antagonist/receptor interactions. The former appears to form an ionic link with the carboxylic group of SR 48692, as further supported by structure-activity studies using SR 48692 analogs. The data also show that the agonist and antagonist binding sites in the rNTR1 are different and help formulate hypotheses as to the structural basis for the selectivity of SR 48692 toward the NTR1 and NTR2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Labbé-Jullié
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Sophia Antipolis, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Braga D, Grepioni F, Tedesco E. X−H---π (X = O, N, C) Hydrogen Bonds in Organometallic Crystals. Organometallics 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/om971096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Braga
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Grepioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Emilio Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dascal D, Nirula V, Lawus K, Yoo SE, Walsh TF, Sandberg K. Shared determinants of receptor binding for subtype selective, and dual endothelin-angiotensin antagonists on the AT1 angiotensin II receptor. FEBS Lett 1998; 423:15-8. [PMID: 9506833 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Site-directed interspecies amino acid exchange was used to compare the binding determinants of a novel dual endothelial-angiotensin receptor ligand, L-746,072, with type-1 angiotensin receptor (AT1) selective antagonists on AT receptors expressed in COS cells. These studies suggest that residues on AT receptors which are non-conserved between amphibian and mammalian species play a greater role in subtype selective ligand recognition than for dual receptor ligands. These data also support the hypothesis that a common non-peptide binding site exists within transmembrane domains on peptidergic receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Dascal
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Greenfeder S, Cheewatrakoolpong B, Anthes J, Billah M, Egan RW, Brown JE, Murgolo NJ. Two related neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists have overlapping but different binding sites. Bioorg Med Chem 1998; 6:189-94. [PMID: 9547942 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(97)10019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide substance P binds to the G protein-coupled neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor and elicits cellular responses thought to be involved in pain, neurogenic inflammation, vasodilatation, and plasma exudation. Several small molecule nonpeptide antagonists of the substance P/NK-1 receptor interaction have been developed. Mutational analysis of the receptor protein sequence has led to the conclusion that the binding site for these nonpeptide antagonists lies within the bundle created by transmembrane domains IV-VII of the receptor. This current investigation employs site directed mutagenesis of the NK-1 receptor to compare the binding site of CP-96,345 with that of a related compound CP-99,994. The data demonstrate that while both compounds appear to bind within the transmembrane domain bundle, the contribution of individual amino acid residues to the binding of each compound differs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Greenfeder
- Department of Allergy, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Holst B, Zoffmann S, Elling CE, Hjorth SA, Schwartz TW. Steric hindrance mutagenesis versus alanine scan in mapping of ligand binding sites in the tachykinin NK1 receptor. Mol Pharmacol 1998; 53:166-75. [PMID: 9443945 DOI: 10.1124/mol.53.1.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Residues in transmembrane domain (TM)-III, TM-V, TM-VI, and TM-VII believed to be facing the deep part of the presumed main ligand-binding pocket of the NK1 receptor were probed by alanine substitution and introduction of residues with larger and/or chemically distinct side chains. Unaltered or even improved binding affinity for four peptide agonists, substance P, substance P-O-methyl ester, eledoisin, and neurokinin A, as well as normal EC50 values for substance P in stimulating phosphatidylinositol turnover indicated that these mutations did not alter the overall functional integrity of the receptor. The alanine substitutions in general had only minor effects on nonpeptide antagonist binding. However, the introduction of the larger and polar aspartic acid and histidine residues at positions corresponding to the monoamine binding aspartic acid in TM-III of the beta 2-adrenoceptor (ProIII:08, Pro112 in the NK1 receptor) and to the presumed monoamine interacting "two serines" in TM-V (ThrV:09, Thr201; and IleV:12, Ile204) impaired by > 100-fold the binding of a group of nonpeptide antagonists, including CP96,345, CP99,994, RP67,580, RPR100,893, and CAM4092. In contrast, another group of nonpeptide antagonists, LY303,870, FK888, and SR140,333, were little or not at all affected by the space-filling substitutions. Two of these compounds, FK888 and LY303,870, were those most seriously affected (75-89-fold) by alanine substitution of PheVI:20 located in the upper part of the main ligand-binding crevice. Surprisingly, substitution of AlaIII:11 (Ala115), which is located in the middle of TM-III, conceivably pointing toward TM-VII, with a larger valine residue increased the affinity for all 13 ligands tested, presumably by creating a closer interhelical packing. It is concluded that the introduction of larger side chains at positions at which molecular models indicate that this is structurally allowed can be a powerful method of locating ligand-binding sites due to the considerable difference between positive and negative results. Such steric hindrance mutagenesis strongly indicates that one population of nonpeptide antagonists bind in the deep pocket of the main ligand-binding crevice of the NK1 receptor, whereas another group of nonpeptide antagonists, especially SR140,333, was surprisingly resistant to mutational mapping in this pocket.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Holst
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|