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Neeb A, Figueiredo I, Bogdan D, Cato L, Stober J, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Gourain V, Lee II, Seeger R, Muhle-Goll C, Gurel B, Welti J, Nava Rodrigues D, Rekowski J, Qiu X, Jiang Y, Di Micco P, Mateos B, Bielskutė S, Riisnaes R, Ferreira A, Miranda S, Crespo M, Buroni L, Ning J, Carreira S, Bräse S, Jung N, Gräßle S, Swain A, Salvatella X, Plymate SR, Al-Lazikani B, Long HW, Yuan W, Brown M, Cato ACB, de Bono JS, Sharp A. Thio-2 Inhibits Key Signaling Pathways Required for the Development and Progression of Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:791-808. [PMID: 38412481 PMCID: PMC11148553 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Therapies that abrogate persistent androgen receptor (AR) signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remain an unmet clinical need. The N-terminal domain of the AR that drives transcriptional activity in CRPC remains a challenging therapeutic target. Herein we demonstrate that BCL-2-associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1) mRNA is highly expressed and associates with signaling pathways, including AR signaling, that are implicated in the development and progression of CRPC. In addition, interrogation of geometric and physiochemical properties of the BAG domain of BAG-1 isoforms identifies it to be a tractable but challenging drug target. Furthermore, through BAG-1 isoform mouse knockout studies, we confirm that BAG-1 isoforms regulate hormone physiology and that therapies targeting the BAG domain will be associated with limited "on-target" toxicity. Importantly, the postulated inhibitor of BAG-1 isoforms, Thio-2, suppressed AR signaling and other important pathways implicated in the development and progression of CRPC to reduce the growth of treatment-resistant prostate cancer cell lines and patient-derived models. However, the mechanism by which Thio-2 elicits the observed phenotype needs further elucidation as the genomic abrogation of BAG-1 isoforms was unable to recapitulate the Thio-2-mediated phenotype. Overall, these data support the interrogation of related compounds with improved drug-like properties as a novel therapeutic approach in CRPC, and further highlight the clinical potential of treatments that block persistent AR signaling which are currently undergoing clinical evaluation in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Neeb
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Denisa Bogdan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Cato
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jutta Stober
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | - Victor Gourain
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Irene I Lee
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca Seeger
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Claudia Muhle-Goll
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces 4 (IBG-4), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Bora Gurel
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jan Rekowski
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xintao Qiu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yija Jiang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrizio Di Micco
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, Texas
| | - Borja Mateos
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stasė Bielskutė
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Riisnaes
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mateus Crespo
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jian Ning
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stefan Bräse
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Simone Gräßle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Amanda Swain
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Salvatella
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephen R Plymate
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, VAPSHCS, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Henry W Long
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Myles Brown
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Johann S de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Sharp
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Inose-Maruyama A, Irokawa H, Takeda K, Taguchi K, Morita M, Yamamoto M, Sasaki M, Kuge S. Bag1 protein loss sensitizes mouse embryonic fibroblasts to glutathione depletion. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:497-509. [PMID: 38763404 PMCID: PMC11170100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bcl2-associated athanogene-1 protein (Bag1) acts as a co-chaperone of heat shock protein 70 and heat shock cognate 70 and regulates multiple cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, environmental stress response, and drug resistance. Since Bag1 knockout mice exhibited fetal lethality, the in vivo function of Bag1 remains unclear. In this study, we established a mouse line expressing Bag1 gene missing exon 5, which corresponds to an encoding region for the interface of heat shock protein 70/heat shock cognate 70. Despite mice carrying homoalleles of the Bag1 mutant (Bag1Δex5) expressing undetectable levels of Bag1, Bag1Δex5 homozygous mice developed without abnormalities. Bag1Δex5 protein was found to be highly unstable in cells and in vitro. We found that the growth of mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from Bag1Δex5-homo mice was attenuated by doxorubicin and a glutathione (GSH) synthesis inhibitor, buthionine sulfoximine. In response to buthionine sulfoximine, Bag1Δex5-mouse embryonic fibroblasts exhibited a higher dropping rate of GSH relative to the oxidized glutathione level. In addition, Bag1 might mitigate cellular hydrogen peroxide levels. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the loss of Bag1 did not affect mouse development and that Bag1 is involved in intracellular GSH homeostasis, namely redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Inose-Maruyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Microbiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hayato Irokawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Microbiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kouki Takeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Microbiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Taguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masanobu Morita
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Microbiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
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3
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Li R, Wilderotter S, Stoddard M, Van Egeren D, Chakravarty A, Joseph-McCarthy D. Computational identification of antibody-binding epitopes from mimotope datasets. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2024; 4:1295972. [PMID: 38463209 PMCID: PMC10920257 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2024.1295972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A fundamental challenge in computational vaccinology is that most B-cell epitopes are conformational and therefore hard to predict from sequence alone. Another significant challenge is that a great deal of the amino acid sequence of a viral surface protein might not in fact be antigenic. Thus, identifying the regions of a protein that are most promising for vaccine design based on the degree of surface exposure may not lead to a clinically relevant immune response. Methods: Linear peptides selected by phage display experiments that have high affinity to the monoclonal antibody of interest ("mimotopes") usually have similar physicochemical properties to the antigen epitope corresponding to that antibody. The sequences of these linear peptides can be used to find possible epitopes on the surface of the antigen structure or a homology model of the antigen in the absence of an antigen-antibody complex structure. Results and Discussion: Herein we describe two novel methods for mapping mimotopes to epitopes. The first is a novel algorithm named MimoTree that allows for gaps in the mimotopes and epitopes on the antigen. More specifically, a mimotope may have a gap that does not match to the epitope to allow it to adopt a conformation relevant for binding to an antibody, and residues may similarly be discontinuous in conformational epitopes. MimoTree is a fully automated epitope detection algorithm suitable for the identification of conformational as well as linear epitopes. The second is an ensemble approach, which combines the prediction results from MimoTree and two existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sabrina Wilderotter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Debra Van Egeren
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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4
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Binder MJ, Pedley AM. The roles of molecular chaperones in regulating cell metabolism. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:1681-1701. [PMID: 37287189 PMCID: PMC10984649 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluctuations in nutrient and biomass availability, often as a result of disease, impart metabolic challenges that must be overcome in order to sustain cell survival and promote proliferation. Cells adapt to these environmental changes and stresses by adjusting their metabolic networks through a series of regulatory mechanisms. Our understanding of these rewiring events has largely been focused on those genetic transformations that alter protein expression and the biochemical mechanisms that change protein behavior, such as post-translational modifications and metabolite-based allosteric modulators. Mounting evidence suggests that a class of proteome surveillance proteins called molecular chaperones also can influence metabolic processes. Here, we summarize several ways the Hsp90 and Hsp70 chaperone families act on human metabolic enzymes and their supramolecular assemblies to change enzymatic activities and metabolite flux. We further highlight how these chaperones can assist in the translocation and degradation of metabolic enzymes. Collectively, these studies provide a new view for how metabolic processes are regulated to meet cellular demand and inspire new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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5
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Jiang H, Liu X, Xiao P, Wang Y, Xie Q, Wu X, Ding H. Functional insights of plant bcl-2-associated ahanogene (BAG) proteins: Multi-taskers in diverse cellular signal transduction pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136873. [PMID: 37056491 PMCID: PMC10086319 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) gene family is a highly conserved molecular chaperone cofactor in evolution from yeast to humans and plants playing important roles in a variety of signal pathways. Plant BAG proteins have special structures, especially those containing CaM-binding IQ motifs which are unique to plants. While early studies focused more on the structure and physiological function of plant BAGs, recent studies have revealed many novel functional mechanisms involved in multiple cellular processes. How to achieve signal specificity has become an interesting topic of plant BAG research. In this review, we have provided a historic view of plant BAG research and summarized recent advances in the establishment of BAG as essential components in normal plant growth, environmental stress response, and plant immunity. Based on the relationship between BAG proteins and their newly interacting proteins, this review highlights the functional mechanisms of various cellular signals mediated by plant BAGs. Future work needs to focus on the post-translational modification of BAG proteins, and on understanding how specificity is achieved among BAG signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Peixiang Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Xie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
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6
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Brenner CM, Choudhary M, McCormick MG, Cheung D, Landesberg GP, Wang JF, Song J, Martin TG, Cheung JY, Qu HQ, Hakonarson H, Feldman AM. BAG3: Nature's Quintessential Multi-Functional Protein Functions as a Ubiquitous Intra-Cellular Glue. Cells 2023; 12:937. [PMID: 36980278 PMCID: PMC10047307 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BAG3 is a 575 amino acid protein that is found throughout the animal kingdom and homologs have been identified in plants. The protein is expressed ubiquitously but is most prominent in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, the brain and in many cancers. We describe BAG3 as a quintessential multi-functional protein. It supports autophagy of both misfolded proteins and damaged organelles, inhibits apoptosis, maintains the homeostasis of the mitochondria, and facilitates excitation contraction coupling through the L-type calcium channel and the beta-adrenergic receptor. High levels of BAG3 are associated with insensitivity to chemotherapy in malignant cells whereas both loss of function and gain of function variants are associated with cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn M. Brenner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Muaaz Choudhary
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Michael G. McCormick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - David Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Gavin P. Landesberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ju-Fang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jianliang Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Thomas G. Martin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Colorado University School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joseph Y. Cheung
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hui-Qi Qu
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 191104, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 191104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 191104, USA
- Division of Human Genetics and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 191104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 191104, USA
| | - Arthur M. Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, MERB 752, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.M.B.); (M.C.)
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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7
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Characterization of AtBAG2 as a Novel Molecular Chaperone. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030687. [PMID: 36983842 PMCID: PMC10052705 DOI: 10.3390/life13030687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated anthanogene (BAG) family proteins regulate plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the function and precise mechanism of action of each individual BAG protein are not yet clear. In this study, we investigated the biochemical and molecular functions of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAG2 (AtBAG2) protein, and elucidated its physiological role under stress conditions using mutant plants and transgenic yeast strains. The T-DNA insertion atbag2 mutant plants were highly susceptible to heat shock, whereas transgenic yeast strains ectopically expressing AtBAG2 exhibited outstanding thermotolerance. Moreover, a biochemical analysis of GST-fused recombinant proteins produced in bacteria revealed that AtBAG2 exhibits molecular chaperone activity, which could be attributed to its BAG domain. The relevance of the molecular chaperone function of AtBAG2 to the cellular heat stress response was confirmed using yeast transformants, and the experimental results showed that overexpression of the AtBAG2 sequence encoding only the BAG domain was sufficient to impart thermotolerance. Overall, these results suggest that the BAG domain-dependent molecular chaperone activity of AtBAG2 is indispensable for the heat stress response of Arabidopsis. This is the first report demonstrating the role of AtBAG2 as a sole molecular chaperone in Arabidopsis.
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8
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Bracher A, Verghese J. Nucleotide Exchange Factors for Hsp70 Molecular Chaperones: GrpE, Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1, and BAG Domain Proteins. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:1-39. [PMID: 36520302 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family are key components of the cellular protein-folding machinery. Substrate folding is accomplished by iterative cycles of ATP binding, hydrolysis, and release. The ATPase activity of Hsp70 is regulated by two main classes of cochaperones: J-domain proteins stimulate ATPase hydrolysis by Hsp70, while nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) facilitate the conversion from the ADP-bound to the ATP-bound state, thus closing the chaperone folding cycle. NEF function can additionally be antagonized by ADP dissociation inhibitors. Beginning with the discovery of the prototypical bacterial NEF, GrpE, a large diversity of nucleotide exchange factors for Hsp70 have been identified, connecting it to a multitude of cellular processes in the eukaryotic cell. Here we review recent advances toward structure and function of nucleotide exchange factors from the Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1, and BAG domain protein families and discuss how these cochaperones connect protein folding with cellular quality control and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bracher
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Jacob Verghese
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Trophic Communications GmbH, Munich, Germany
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9
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Chloroplasts Protein Quality Control and Turnover: A Multitude of Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147760. [PMID: 35887108 PMCID: PMC9319218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the organelle of photosynthesis and other important metabolic pathways, chloroplasts contain up to 70% of leaf proteins with uniquely complex processes in synthesis, import, assembly, and turnover. Maintaining functional protein homeostasis in chloroplasts is vitally important for the fitness and survival of plants. Research over the past several decades has revealed a multitude of mechanisms that play important roles in chloroplast protein quality control and turnover under normal and stress conditions. These mechanisms include: (i) endosymbiotically-derived proteases and associated proteins that play a vital role in maintaining protein homeostasis inside the chloroplasts, (ii) the ubiquitin-dependent turnover of unimported chloroplast precursor proteins to prevent their accumulation in the cytosol, (iii) chloroplast-associated degradation of the chloroplast outer-membrane translocon proteins for the regulation of chloroplast protein import, (iv) chloroplast unfolded protein response triggered by accumulated unfolded and misfolded proteins inside the chloroplasts, and (v) vesicle-mediated degradation of chloroplast components in the vacuole. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of these diverse mechanisms of chloroplast protein quality control and turnover and discuss important questions that remain to be addressed in order to better understand and improve important chloroplast functions.
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10
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Johnson OT, Gestwicki JE. Multivalent protein-protein interactions are pivotal regulators of eukaryotic Hsp70 complexes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:397-415. [PMID: 35670950 PMCID: PMC9346034 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a molecular chaperone and central regulator of protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Paramount to this role is Hsp70's binding to client proteins and co-chaperones to produce distinct complexes, such that understanding the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of Hsp70 is foundational to describing its function and dysfunction in disease. Mounting evidence suggests that these PPIs include both "canonical" interactions, which are universally conserved, and "non-canonical" (or "secondary") contacts that seem to have emerged in eukaryotes. These two categories of interactions involve discrete binding surfaces, such that some clients and co-chaperones engage Hsp70 with at least two points of contact. While the contributions of canonical interactions to chaperone function are becoming increasingly clear, it can be challenging to deconvolute the roles of secondary interactions. Here, we review what is known about non-canonical contacts and highlight examples where their contributions have been parsed, giving rise to a model in which Hsp70's secondary contacts are not simply sites of additional avidity but are necessary and sufficient to impart unique functions. From this perspective, we propose that further exploration of non-canonical contacts will generate important insights into the evolution of Hsp70 systems and inspire new approaches for developing small molecules that tune Hsp70-mediated proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleta T Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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11
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Kuznik NC, Solozobova V, Lee II, Jung N, Yang L, Nienhaus K, Ntim EA, Rottenberg JT, Muhle-Goll C, Kumar AR, Peravali R, Gräßle S, Gourain V, Deville C, Cato L, Neeb A, Dilger M, Cramer von Clausbruch CA, Weiss C, Kieffer B, Nienhaus GU, Brown M, Bräse S, Cato ACB. A chemical probe for BAG1 targets androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer through oxidative stress signaling pathway. iScience 2022; 25:104175. [PMID: 35479411 PMCID: PMC9036123 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BAG1 is a family of polypeptides with a conserved C-terminal BAG domain that functions as a nucleotide exchange factor for the molecular chaperone HSP70. BAG1 proteins also control several signaling processes including proteostasis, apoptosis, and transcription. The largest isoform, BAG1L, controls the activity of the androgen receptor (AR) and is upregulated in prostate cancer. Here, we show that BAG1L regulates AR dynamics in the nucleus and its ablation attenuates AR target gene expression especially those involved in oxidative stress and metabolism. We show that a small molecule, A4B17, that targets the BAG domain downregulates AR target genes similar to a complete BAG1L knockout and upregulates the expression of oxidative stress-induced genes involved in cell death. Furthermore, A4B17 outperformed the clinically approved antagonist enzalutamide in inhibiting cell proliferation and prostate tumor development in a mouse xenograft model. BAG1 inhibitors therefore offer unique opportunities for antagonizing AR action and prostate cancer growth. BAG1L interacts with a sequence overlapping a polyalanine tract in the AR NTD Knockdown of BAG1L increase AR dynamics in the nucleus BAG1L uses ROS pathway to regulate AR+ prostate cancer cell proliferation A small molecule BAG1 inhibitor inhibits prostate tumor growth in mouse xenografts
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Affiliation(s)
- Nane C Kuznik
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Valeria Solozobova
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Irene I Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Linxiao Yang
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karin Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Emmanuel A Ntim
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jaice T Rottenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Claudia Muhle-Goll
- Institute of Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Amrish Rajendra Kumar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ravindra Peravali
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Simone Gräßle
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Victor Gourain
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie - UMR1064, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Célia Deville
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR-7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Laura Cato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Antje Neeb
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Marco Dilger
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christina A Cramer von Clausbruch
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Bruno Kieffer
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR-7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - G Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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12
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Kim SS, Kycia I, Karski M, Ma RK, Bordt EA, Kwan J, Karki A, Winter E, Aktas RG, Wu Y, Emili A, Bauer DE, Sethupathy P, Vakili K. DNAJB1-PRKACA in HEK293T cells induces LINC00473 overexpression that depends on PKA signaling. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263829. [PMID: 35167623 PMCID: PMC8846505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a primary liver cancer that most commonly arises in adolescents and young adults in a background of normal liver tissue and has a poor prognosis due to lack of effective chemotherapeutic agents. The DNAJB1-PRKACA gene fusion (DP) has been reported in the majority of FLC tumors; however, its oncogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Given the paucity of cellular models, in particular FLC tumor cell lines, we hypothesized that engineering the DP fusion gene in HEK293T cells would provide insight into the cellular effects of the fusion gene. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to engineer HEK293T clones expressing DP fusion gene (HEK-DP) and performed transcriptomic, proteomic, and mitochondrial studies to characterize this cellular model. Proteomic analysis of DP interacting partners identified mitochondrial proteins as well as proteins in other subcellular compartments. HEK-DP cells demonstrated significantly elevated mitochondrial fission, which suggests a role for DP in altering mitochondrial dynamics. Transcriptomic analysis of HEK-DP cells revealed a significant increase in LINC00473 expression, similar to what has been observed in primary FLC samples. LINC00473 overexpression was reversible with siRNA targeting of PRKACA as well as pharmacologic targeting of PKA and Hsp40 in HEK-DP cells. Therefore, our model suggests that LINC00473 is a candidate marker for DP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie S. Kim
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ina Kycia
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Michael Karski
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Rosanna K. Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Evan A. Bordt
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Julian Kwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Networks Systems Biology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Anju Karki
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Elle Winter
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ranan G. Aktas
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Networks Systems Biology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Daniel E. Bauer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Khashayar Vakili
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Molecular chaperones and Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 160:105527. [PMID: 34626793 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of Lewy bodies (LBs). Mutations in PD-related genes lead to neuronal pathogenesis through various mechanisms, with known examples including SNCA/α-synuclein (PAKR1), Parkin (PARK2), PINK1 (PARK6), DJ-1 (PARK7), and LRRK2 (PARK8). Molecular chaperones/co-chaperones are proteins that aid the folding of other proteins into a functionally active conformation. It has been demonstrated that chaperones/co-chaperones interact with PD-related proteins and regulate their function in PD. HSP70, HSP90 and small heat shock proteins can prevent neurodegeneration by regulating α-syn misfolding, oligomerization and aggregation. The function of chaperones is regulated by co-chaperones such as HSP110, HSP40, HOP, CHIP, and BAG family proteins. Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1 are PD-related proteins which are associated with mitochondrial function. Molecular chaperones regulate mitochondrial function and protein homeostasis by interacting with these PD-related proteins. This review discusses critical molecular chaperones/co-chaperones and PD-related proteins which contribute to the pathogenesis of PD, hoping to provide new molecular targets for therapeutic interventions to thwart the disease progression instead of only bringing symptomatic relief. Moreover, appreciating the critical role of chaperones in PD can also help us screen efficient biomarkers to identify PD at an early stage.
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14
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Can ND, Basturk E, Kizilboga T, Akcay IM, Dingiloglu B, Tatli O, Acar S, Ozfiliz Kilbas P, Elbeyli E, Muratcioglu S, Jannuzzi AT, Gursoy A, Keskin O, Doganay HL, Karademir Yilmaz B, Dinler Doganay G. Interactome analysis of Bag-1 isoforms reveals novel interaction partners in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256640. [PMID: 34428256 PMCID: PMC8384158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bag-1 is a multifunctional protein that regulates Hsp70 chaperone activity, apoptosis, and proliferation. The three major Bag-1 isoforms have different subcellular localizations and partly non-overlapping functions. To identify the detailed interaction network of each isoform, we utilized mass spectrometry-based proteomics and found that interactomes of Bag-1 isoforms contained many common proteins, with variations in their abundances. Bag-1 interactomes were enriched with proteins involved in protein processing and degradation pathways. Novel interaction partners included VCP/p97; a transitional ER ATPase, Rad23B; a shuttling factor for ubiquitinated proteins, proteasome components, and ER-resident proteins, suggesting a role for Bag-1 also in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Bag-1 pull-down from cells and tissues from breast cancer patients validated these interactions and showed cancer-related prominence. Using in silico predictions we detected hotspot residues of Bag-1. Mutations of these residues caused loss of binding to protein quality control elements and impaired proteasomal activity in MCF-7 cells. Following CD147 glycosylation pattern, we showed that Bag-1 downregulated VCP/p97-dependent ERAD. Overall, our data extends the interaction map of Bag-1, and broadens its role in protein homeostasis. Targeting the interaction surfaces revealed in this study might be an effective strategy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisan Denizce Can
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Basturk
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugba Kizilboga
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Izzet Mehmet Akcay
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baran Dingiloglu
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Tatli
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Acar
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Ozfiliz Kilbas
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Efe Elbeyli
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serena Muratcioglu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Attila Gursoy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Keskin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Betul Karademir Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Dinler Doganay
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
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15
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Kirk JA, Cheung JY, Feldman AM. Therapeutic targeting of BAG3: considering its complexity in cancer and heart disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e149415. [PMID: 34396980 DOI: 10.1172/jci149415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bcl2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG3) is expressed ubiquitously in humans, but its levels are highest in the heart, the skeletal muscle, and the central nervous system; it is also elevated in many cancers. BAG3's diverse functions are supported by its multiple protein-protein binding domains, which couple with small and large heat shock proteins, members of the Bcl2 family, other antiapoptotic proteins, and various sarcomere proteins. In the heart, BAG3 inhibits apoptosis, promotes autophagy, couples the β-adrenergic receptor with the L-type Ca2+ channel, and maintains the structure of the sarcomere. In cancer cells, BAG3 binds to and supports an identical array of prosurvival proteins, and it may represent a therapeutic target. However, the development of strategies to block BAG3 function in cancer cells may be challenging, as they are likely to interfere with the essential roles of BAG3 in the heart. In this Review, we present the current knowledge regarding the biology of this complex protein in the heart and in cancer and suggest several therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joseph Y Cheung
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arthur M Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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16
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Zhang Y, Xia G, Zhu Q. Conserved and Unique Roles of Chaperone-Dependent E3 Ubiquitin Ligase CHIP in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:699756. [PMID: 34305988 PMCID: PMC8299108 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.699756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein quality control (PQC) is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis by reducing protein misfolding and aggregation. Major PQC mechanisms include protein refolding assisted by molecular chaperones and the degradation of misfolded and aggregated proteins using the proteasome and autophagy. A C-terminus of heat shock protein (Hsp) 70-interacting protein [carboxy-terminal Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP)] is a chaperone-dependent and U-box-containing E3 ligase. CHIP is a key molecule in PQC by recognizing misfolded proteins through its interacting chaperones and targeting their degradation. CHIP also ubiquitinates native proteins and plays a regulatory role in other cellular processes, including signaling, development, DNA repair, immunity, and aging in metazoans. As a highly conserved ubiquitin ligase, plant CHIP plays an important role in response to a broad spectrum of biotic and abiotic stresses. CHIP protects chloroplasts by coordinating chloroplast PQC both outside and inside the important photosynthetic organelle of plant cells. CHIP also modulates the activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a crucial component in a network of plant signaling, including abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. In this review, we discuss the structure, cofactors, activities, and biological function of CHIP with an emphasis on both its conserved and unique roles in PQC, stress responses, and signaling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qianggen Zhu
- Department of Landscape and Horticulture, Ecology College, Lishui University, Lishui, China
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17
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Sun JL, Li JY, Wang MJ, Song ZT, Liu JX. Protein Quality Control in Plant Organelles: Current Progress and Future Perspectives. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:95-114. [PMID: 33137518 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, and mitochondria are major plant organelles for protein synthesis, photosynthesis, metabolism, and energy production. Protein homeostasis in these organelles, maintained by a balance between protein synthesis and degradation, is essential for cell functions during plant growth, development, and stress resistance. Nucleus-encoded chloroplast- and mitochondrion-targeted proteins and ER-resident proteins are imported from the cytosol and undergo modification and maturation within their respective organelles. Protein folding is an error-prone process that is influenced by both developmental signals and environmental cues; a number of mechanisms have evolved to ensure efficient import and proper folding and maturation of proteins in plant organelles. Misfolded or damaged proteins with nonnative conformations are subject to degradation via complementary or competing pathways: intraorganelle proteases, the organelle-associated ubiquitin-proteasome system, and the selective autophagy of partial or entire organelles. When proteins in nonnative conformations accumulate, the organelle-specific unfolded protein response operates to restore protein homeostasis by reducing protein folding demand, increasing protein folding capacity, and enhancing components involved in proteasome-associated protein degradation and autophagy. This review summarizes recent progress on the understanding of protein quality control in the ER, chloroplasts, and mitochondria in plants, with a focus on common mechanisms shared by these organelles during protein homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Liang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jin-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Mei-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ze-Ting Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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18
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Chen Y, Wang K, Di J, Guan C, Wang S, Li Q, Qu Y. Mutation of the BAG-1 domain decreases its protective effect against hypoxia/reoxygenation by regulating HSP70 and the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in SY-SH5Y cells. Brain Res 2020; 1751:147192. [PMID: 33152339 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BCL-2-associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1) is a multifunctional protein that was first identified as a binding partner of BCL-2. Our previous results indicated that BAG-1 large (BAG-1L) overexpression significantly increases cell viability and decreases apoptosis by upregulating HSP70 and p-AKT in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation in SY-SH5Y cells. However, the functional domain of BAG-1L that exerts these protective effects against hypoxic damage has not been identified. In this study, we examined changes in HSP70 and p-AKT protein levels in SH-SY5Y cells with or without BAG-1L domain mutation after six hours of hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment. The BAG-1 domain mutant (BAG-1MUT) attenuated neuronal viability and proliferation while enhancing apoptosis after hypoxia/reoxygenation, which was achieved in part by inhibiting the HSP70 and p-AKT signalling pathways. This evidence illustrates that the BAG-1 domain plays a key role in protecting cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Nursing, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26600, Shandong, China; Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Keke Wang
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Di
- School of Nursing, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26600, Shandong, China; Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Chun Guan
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Sumei Wang
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Qingshu Li
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Qu
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
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19
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Sirtori R, Riva C, Ferrarese C, Sala G. HSPA8 knock-down induces the accumulation of neurodegenerative disorder-associated proteins. Neurosci Lett 2020; 736:135272. [PMID: 32712350 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 family was demonstrated to play a critical role in protein homeostasis, a process profoundly impaired in neurodegenerative disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the accumulation of different kind of proteins and the formation of insoluble aggregates which are toxic for neurons. To explore the role of heat shock protein family 70 (in particular HSPA8 and HSPA1A) in the accumulation of proteins implied in neurodegeneration pathogenesis, in this study we verified in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells how HSPA8 or HSPA1A knock-down can affect protein levels of tau, superoxide dismutase 1 and α-synuclein. We found HSPA8 and HSPA1A reduction caused an increase of tau, superoxide dismutase 1 and α-synuclein protein levels. We also noticed HSPA8 knock-down increased α-synuclein oligomeric forms and mRNA expression. Our results suggest HSPA8 can play an important role in the homeostasis of tau, superoxide dismutase 1 and α-synuclein and in the balance between α-synuclein oligomeric and monomeric forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Sirtori
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - Chiara Riva
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Neurology, ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
| | - Gessica Sala
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
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20
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Li J, Lu Z, Mao T, Li M, Wang H, Qu J, Chen J, Fang Y, Li F, Li B. Identification of the nucleotide exchange factor BmGrpE and its role under high-temperature stress in silkworm, Bombyx mori. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 104:e21664. [PMID: 32091635 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high-temperature stress gene GrpE plays an important role in coping with high-temperature stress. The mutation of key sites of this gene can improve the high-temperature resistance of organisms. In the present study, using complementary DNAs from the silkworm fat body as the template, the open reading frame sequence of the GrpE gene (BmGrpE) was amplified and was found to be 644 bp in length and encode a protein with a predicted molecular weight of 24.1 kDa. The presence of a binding site for the heat shock transcription factor (Hsf1) at -1440 bp upstream of its coding region indicates that BmGrpE may respond to high-temperature stress. BmGrpE was constitutively expressed throughout developmental stages, with the highest level observed in the 5th instar larvae stage. Moreover, in 5th instar larvae (the 3th day), BmGrpE was expressed in all tissues examined, with the highest levels in the fat body, silk gland, and midgut. Interestingly, under high-temperature stress, TiO2 nanoparticle treatment increased the messenger RNA levels of BmGrpE in the fat body and silk gland. After treatment with dsRNA of BmGrpE, the cell viability of BmN cells was significantly decreased under 34°C and H2 O2 stress (p < .05). Mutation of BmGrpE (H163L) enhanced the resistance of BmN cells under high-temperature stress. These results provide new clues for the study of molecular mechanisms of insect resistance to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengting Lu
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Mao
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengxue Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwei Qu
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilong Fang
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanchi Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Mariotto E, Viola G, Zanon C, Aveic S. A BAG's life: Every connection matters in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107498. [PMID: 32001313 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The members of the BCL-2 associated athanogene (BAG) family participate in the regulation of a variety of interrelated physiological processes, such as autophagy, apoptosis, and protein homeostasis. Under normal circumstances, the six BAG members described in mammals (BAG1-6) principally assist the 70 kDa heat-shock protein (HSP70) in protein folding; however, their role as oncogenes is becoming increasingly evident. Deregulation of the BAG multigene family has been associated with cell transformation, tumor recurrence, and drug resistance. In addition to BAG overexpression, BAG members are also involved in many oncogenic protein-protein interactions (PPIs). As such, either the inhibition of overloading BAGs or of specific BAG-client protein interactions could have paramount therapeutic value. In this review, we will examine the role of each BAG family member in different malignancies, focusing on their modular structure, which enables interaction with a variety of proteins to exert their pro-tumorigenic role. Lastly, critical remarks on the unmet needs for proposing effective BAG inhibitors will be pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mariotto
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35127 Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35127 Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Zanon
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sanja Aveic
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35128 Padova, Italy
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22
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Ma X, Tang X, Lin S, Gong Y, Tran NT, Zheng H, Ma H, Aweya JJ, Zhang Y, Li S. SpBAG1 promotes the WSSV infection by inhibiting apoptosis in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:852-860. [PMID: 31600594 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2 associated athanogene-1 (BAG1) is involved in various signalling pathways including apoptosis, cell proliferation, gene transcriptional regulation and signal transduction in animals. However the functions of BAG1 during the antiviral response of mud crab Scylla paramamosain is still unclear. In this study, the mud crab BAG1 (SpBAG1) was characterized to consist of 1761 nucleotides, containing an opening frame of 630bp encoding 209 amino acids with an ubiquitin domain and a BAG1 domain. SpBAG1 was found to be significantly up-regulated at 6 h-24 h, but down-regulated from 48 h-72 h in the hemocytes of mud crab after challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). RNAi knock-down of SpBAG1 significantly reduced the copies of WSSV and increased the apoptotic rate in mud crabs. The finding from this study suggested that SpBAG1 could promote the WSSV infection by inhibiting apoptosis in mud crab. Therefore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the role of SpBAG1 as a novel apoptosis inhibitor to promote virus infection in mud crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xixiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shanmeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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23
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Song Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Qu Y, Li Q, Man X, Wang F, Hu D. Inhibition of BAG‐1 induced SH‐SY5Y cell apoptosis without affecting Hsp70 expression. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1728-1735. [PMID: 31609014 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Kun Song
- Department of Pediatric Emergency The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Pediatric Emergency The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Qing‐Shu Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Xiao‐Yun Man
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Feng‐Tao Wang
- Department of Pediatric Emergency The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong China
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24
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Mannella V, Quilici G, Nigro EA, Lampis M, Minici C, Degano M, Boletta A, Musco G. The N-Terminal Domain of NPHP1 Folds into a Monomeric Left-Handed Antiparallel Three-Stranded Coiled Coil with Anti-apoptotic Function. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:1845-1854. [PMID: 31345020 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the NPHP1 gene, coding for human nephrocystin-1 (NPHP1), cause the autosomal recessive disease nephronophthisis, the most common cause of end-stage renal disease in children and adolescents. The function and structure of NPHP1 are still poorly characterized. NPHP1 presents a modular structure well in keeping with its role as an adaptor protein: it harbors an SH3 domain flanked by two glutamic acid-rich regions and a conserved C-terminal nephrocystin homology domain (NHD). Similar to other NPHP protein family members, its N-terminus contains a putative coiled-coil domain (NPHP1CC) that is supposed to play an important role in NPHP1 self-association and/or protein-protein interactions. Structural studies proving its structure and its oligomerization state are still lacking. Here we demonstrate that NPHP1CC is monomeric in solution and unexpectedly folds into an autonomous domain forming a three-stranded antiparallel coiled coil suitable for protein-protein interactions. Notably, we found that the NPHP1CC shares remarkable structural similarities with the three-stranded coiled coil of the BAG domain protein family, which is known to mediate the anti-apoptotic function of these proteins, suggesting a possible similar role for NPHP1CC. In agreement with this hypothesis, we show that in the context of the full-length protein the NPHP1CC is fundamental to regulate resistance to apoptotic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mannella
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Quilici
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Agnese Nigro
- Molecular Basis of PKD Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Lampis
- Molecular Basis of PKD Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Minici
- Biocrystallography Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Degano
- Biocrystallography Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Boletta
- Molecular Basis of PKD Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Musco
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
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25
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Lee II, Kuznik NC, Rottenberg JT, Brown M, Cato ACB. BAG1L: a promising therapeutic target for androgen receptor-dependent prostate cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 2019; 62:R289-R299. [PMID: 30913537 DOI: 10.1530/jme-19-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Androgens are important determinants of normal and malignant prostate growth. They function by binding to the C-terminal ligand-binding domain (LBD) of the androgen receptor (AR). All clinically approved AR-targeting antiandrogens for prostate cancer therapy function by competing with endogenous androgens. Despite initial robust responses to androgen deprivation therapy, nearly all patients with advanced prostate cancer relapse with lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Progression to CRPC is associated with ongoing AR signaling, which in part, is due to the expression of constitutively active AR splice variants that contain the N-terminus of the receptor but lack the C-terminus. Currently, there are no approved therapies specifically targeting the AR N-terminus. Current pharmacologic targeting strategies for inhibiting the AR N-terminal region have proven difficult, due to its intrinsically unstructured nature and lack of enzymatic activity. An alternative approach is to target key molecules such as the cochaperone BAG1L that bind to and enhance the activity of the AR AF1. Here, we review recent literature that suggest Bag-1L is a promising target for AR-positive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene I Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nane C Kuznik
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jaice T Rottenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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26
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Tubiana J, Cocco S, Monasson R. Learning protein constitutive motifs from sequence data. eLife 2019; 8:e39397. [PMID: 30857591 PMCID: PMC6436896 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Statistical analysis of evolutionary-related protein sequences provides information about their structure, function, and history. We show that Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM), designed to learn complex high-dimensional data and their statistical features, can efficiently model protein families from sequence information. We here apply RBM to 20 protein families, and present detailed results for two short protein domains (Kunitz and WW), one long chaperone protein (Hsp70), and synthetic lattice proteins for benchmarking. The features inferred by the RBM are biologically interpretable: they are related to structure (residue-residue tertiary contacts, extended secondary motifs (α-helixes and β-sheets) and intrinsically disordered regions), to function (activity and ligand specificity), or to phylogenetic identity. In addition, we use RBM to design new protein sequences with putative properties by composing and 'turning up' or 'turning down' the different modes at will. Our work therefore shows that RBM are versatile and practical tools that can be used to unveil and exploit the genotype-phenotype relationship for protein families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Tubiana
- Laboratory of Physics of the Ecole Normale SupérieureCNRS UMR 8023 & PSL ResearchParisFrance
| | - Simona Cocco
- Laboratory of Physics of the Ecole Normale SupérieureCNRS UMR 8023 & PSL ResearchParisFrance
| | - Rémi Monasson
- Laboratory of Physics of the Ecole Normale SupérieureCNRS UMR 8023 & PSL ResearchParisFrance
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27
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Rinaldi S, Assimon VA, Young ZT, Morra G, Shao H, Taylor IR, Gestwicki JE, Colombo G. A Local Allosteric Network in Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) Links Inhibitor Binding to Enzyme Activity and Distal Protein-Protein Interactions. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:3142-3152. [PMID: 30372610 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric inhibitors can be more difficult to optimize without an understanding of how their binding influences the conformational motions of the target. Here, we used an integrated computational and experimental approach to probe the molecular mechanism of an allosteric inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). The anticancer compound, MKT-077, is known to bind a conserved site in members of the Hsp70 family, which favors the ADP-bound state and interferes with a protein-protein interaction (PPI) at long range. However, the binding site does not overlap with either the nucleotide-binding cleft or the PPI contact surface, so its mechanism is unclear. To this end, we modeled Hsp70's internal dynamics and studied how MKT-077 alters local sampling of its allosteric states. The results pointed to a set of concerted motions between five loops in Hsp70's nucleotide-binding domain (NBD), surrounding the MKT-077 binding site. To test this prediction, we mutated key residues and monitored chaperone activities in vitro. Together, the results indicate that MKT-077 interacts with loop222 to favor a pseudo-ADP bound conformer of Hsp70's NBD, even when ATP is present. We used this knowledge to synthesize an analog of MKT-077 that would better prevent motions of loop222 and confirmed that it had improved antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cells. These results provide an example of how to unlock and leverage the complex mechanisms of allosteric inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rinaldi
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR Via Mario Bianco, 9 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Victoria A. Assimon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Zapporah T. Young
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Giulia Morra
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR Via Mario Bianco, 9 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Hao Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Isabelle R. Taylor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Jason E. Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR Via Mario Bianco, 9 20131 Milano, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli, 12 27100, Pavia, Italy
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28
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Abstract
The ATPase cycle of Hsp70 chaperones controls their transient association with substrates and thus governs their function in protein folding. Nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) accelerate ADP release from Hsp70, which results in rebinding of ATP and release of the substrate, thereby regulating the lifetime of the Hsp70-substrate complex. This chapter describes several methods suitable to study NEFs of Hsp70 chaperones. On the one hand, steady-state ATPase assays provide information on how the NEF influences progression of the Hsp70 through the entire ATPase cycle. On the other hand, nucleotide release can be measured directly using labeled nucleotides, which enables identification and further characterization of NEFs.
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29
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Hutt DM, Mishra SK, Roth DM, Larsen MB, Angles F, Frizzell RA, Balch WE. Silencing of the Hsp70-specific nucleotide-exchange factor BAG3 corrects the F508del-CFTR variant by restoring autophagy. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:13682-13695. [PMID: 29986884 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein chaperones heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and Hsp90 are required for de novo folding of proteins and protect against misfolding-related cellular stresses by directing misfolded or slowly folding proteins to the ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) or autophagy/lysosomal degradation pathways. Here, we examined the role of the Bcl2-associated athanogene (BAG) family of Hsp70-specific nucleotide-exchange factors in the biogenesis and functional correction of genetic variants of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) whose mutations cause cystic fibrosis (CF). We show that siRNA-mediated silencing of BAG1 and -3, two BAG members linked to the clearance of misfolded proteins via the UPS and autophagy pathways, respectively, leads to functional correction of F508del-CFTR and other disease-associated CFTR variants. BAG3 silencing was the most effective, leading to improved F508del-CFTR stability, trafficking, and restoration of cell-surface function, both alone and in combination with the FDA-approved CFTR corrector, VX-809. We also found that the BAG3 silencing-mediated correction of F508del-CFTR restores the autophagy pathway, which is defective in F508del-CFTR-expressing cells, likely because of the maladaptive stress response in CF pathophysiology. These results highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting the cellular chaperone system to improve the functional folding of CFTR variants contributing to CF and possibly other protein-misfolding-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren M Hutt
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | - Sanjay Kumar Mishra
- the Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
| | - Daniela Martino Roth
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | - Mads Breum Larsen
- the Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
| | - Frédéric Angles
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 and
| | - Raymond A Frizzell
- the Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
| | - William E Balch
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 and
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30
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Jain S, Wiemann P, Thill E, Williams B, Keller NP, Kabbage M. A Bcl-2 Associated Athanogene ( bagA) Modulates Sexual Development and Secondary Metabolism in the Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1316. [PMID: 29963036 PMCID: PMC6013550 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bcl-2 associated athanogene (Bag) family is a multifunctional group of proteins distinguished by a conserved region known as the Bag domain (BD). Herein, we discuss the discovery and characterization of a Bag protein in the model genetic fungus Aspergillus nidulans, we designated BagA. BagA shares striking similarities in 3D structure, domain organization, amino acid properties, and Hsp70 binding surfaces to animal and plant Bags. While Hsp70 binding is a common feature of Bag proteins, our experimental evidence shows that BagA does not cooperate with A. nidulans Hsp70s, suggesting this association may not be a universal feature of Bag proteins. Gene expression of bagA was strongly induced during sexual development suggesting a role in developmental processes. Accordingly, the deletion of bagA (ΔbagA) negatively impacted sexual development, while its overexpression resulted in constitutive induction of sexual fruiting bodies and spores. Asexual and sexual development was linked to secondary metabolism in A. nidulans. Our data show that the deletion of bagA also provoked an altered secondary metabolite (SM) profile in both sexual and vegetative growth phases. Indeed, LC-MS analysis showed a significant enrichment of SMs in ΔbagA, including novel metabolites not produced by wild type strain. Enrichment of SMs in ΔbagA strain is particularly intriguing and suggest that altering cellular homeostasis can be used as a provocative strategy to activate cryptic metabolites and uncover novel bioactive compounds. Overall, our results indicate that Bag proteins in filamentous fungi share developmental regulatory roles with their animal and plant counterparts. We also show a potentially unique role for BagA in modulating secondary metabolism in A. nidulans. To our knowledge, this study provides a first insight into Bag function in filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Jain
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Philipp Wiemann
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Elizabeth Thill
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Brett Williams
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Mehdi Kabbage
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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31
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Freilich R, Arhar T, Abrams JL, Gestwicki JE. Protein-Protein Interactions in the Molecular Chaperone Network. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:940-949. [PMID: 29613769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones play a central role in protein homeostasis (a.k.a. proteostasis) by balancing protein folding, quality control, and turnover. To perform these diverse tasks, chaperones need the malleability to bind nearly any "client" protein and the fidelity to detect when it is misfolded. Remarkably, these activities are carried out by only ∼180 dedicated chaperones in humans. How do a relatively small number of chaperones maintain cellular and organismal proteostasis for an entire proteome? Furthermore, once a chaperone binds a client, how does it "decide" what to do with it? One clue comes from observations that individual chaperones engage in protein-protein interactions (PPIs)-both with each other and with their clients. These physical links coordinate multiple chaperones into organized, functional complexes and facilitate the "handoff" of clients between them. PPIs also link chaperones and their clients to other cellular pathways, such as those that mediate trafficking (e.g., cytoskeleton) and degradation (e.g., proteasome). The PPIs of the chaperone network have a wide range of affinity values (nanomolar to micromolar) and involve many distinct types of domain modules, such as J domains, zinc fingers, and tetratricopeptide repeats. Many of these motifs have the same binding surfaces on shared partners, such that members of one chaperone class often compete for the same interactions. Somehow, this collection of PPIs draws together chaperone families and creates multiprotein subnetworks that are able to make the "decisions" of protein quality control. The key to understanding chaperone-mediated proteostasis might be to understand how PPIs are regulated. This Account will discuss the efforts of our group and others to map, measure, and chemically perturb the PPIs within the molecular chaperone network. Structural biology methods, including X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and electron microscopy, have all played important roles in visualizing the chaperone PPIs. Guided by these efforts and -omics approaches to measure PPIs, new advances in high-throughput chemical screening that are specially designed to account for the challenges of this system have emerged. Indeed, chemical biology has played a particularly important role in this effort, as molecules that either promote or inhibit specific PPIs have proven to be invaluable research probes in cells and animals. In addition, these molecules have provided leads for the potential treatment of protein misfolding diseases. One of the major products of this research field has been the identification of putative PPI drug targets within the chaperone network, which might be used to change chaperone "decisions" and rebalance proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Freilich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and The Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Taylor Arhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and The Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Abrams
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and The Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Jason E. Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and The Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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32
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Zhu QH, Zhou ZK, Tu DD, Zhou YL, Wang C, Liu ZP, Gu WB, Chen YY, Shu MA. Effect of cadmium exposure on hepatopancreas and gills of the estuary mud crab (Scylla paramamosain): Histopathological changes and expression characterization of stress response genes. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 195:1-7. [PMID: 29197714 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that accumulates easily in organisms and causes several detrimental effects, including tissue damage. Cd contamination from anthropogenic terrestrial sources flows into rivers, and through estuaries to the ocean. To evaluate the toxic effects of Cd on estuary crustaceans, we exposed the mud crab Scylla paramamosain to various Cd concentrations (0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0mg/L) for 24h. We also exposed mud crabs to a fixed Cd concentration (20.0mg/L) for various periods of time (0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72h). We observed that after exposure to Cd, the surfaces of the gill lamellae were wrinkled, and the morphologies of the nuclei and mitochondria in the hepatopancreas were altered. We analyzed the expression profiles of 36 stress-related genes after Cd exposure, including those encoding metallothioneins, heat shock proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, and antioxidant proteins, with quantitative reverse transcription PCR. We found that exposure to Cd altered gene expression, and that some genes might be suitable bioindicators of Cd stress. Gene expression profiles were organ-, duration-, and concentration-dependent, suggesting that stress-response genes might be involved in an innate defense system for handling heavy metal exposure. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one of histopathology and stress-response gene expression pattern of Scylla paramamosain after Cd exposure. Our work could increase our understanding of the effect of environmental toxins on estuary crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Hui Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Kai Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lian Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Peng Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yin Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Myers VD, McClung JM, Wang J, Tahrir FG, Gupta MK, Gordon J, Kontos CH, Khalili K, Cheung JY, Feldman AM. The Multifunctional Protein BAG3: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018; 3:122-131. [PMID: 29938246 PMCID: PMC6013050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma 2–associated anthanogene (BAG3) protein is expressed most prominently in the heart, the skeletal muscle, and in many forms of cancer. In the heart, it serves as a co-chaperone with heat shock proteins in facilitating autophagy; binds to B-cell lymphoma 2, resulting in inhibition of apoptosis; attaches actin to the Z disk, providing structural support for the sarcomere; and links the α-adrenergic receptor with the L-type Ca2+ channel. When BAG3 is overexpressed in cancer cells, it facilitates prosurvival pathways that lead to insensitivity to chemotherapy, metastasis, cell migration, and invasiveness. In contrast, in the heart, mutations in BAG3 have been associated with a variety of phenotypes, including both hypertrophic/restrictive and dilated cardiomyopathy. In murine skeletal muscle and vasculature, a mutation in BAG3 leads to critical limb ischemia after femoral artery ligation. An understanding of the biology of BAG3 is relevant because it may provide a therapeutic target in patients with both cardiac and skeletal muscle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie D Myers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph M McClung
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - JuFang Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Farzaneh G Tahrir
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Manish K Gupta
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Gordon
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher H Kontos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Arthur M Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Wang Y, Lee S, Ha Y, Lam W, Chen SR, Dutschman GE, Gullen EA, Grill SP, Cheng Y, Fürstner A, Francis S, Baker DC, Yang X, Lee KH, Cheng YC. Tylophorine Analogs Allosterically Regulates Heat Shock Cognate Protein 70 And Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Replication. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10037. [PMID: 28855547 PMCID: PMC5577180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08815-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tylophorine analogs have been shown to exhibit diverse activities against cancer, inflammation, arthritis, and lupus in vivo. In this study, we demonstrated that two tylophorine analogs, DCB-3503 and rac-cryptopleurine, exhibit potent inhibitory activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication in genotype 1b Con 1 isolate. The inhibition of HCV replication is at least partially mediated through cellular heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70). Hsc70 associates with the HCV replication complex by primarily binding to the poly U/UC motifs in HCV RNA. The interaction of DCB-3503 and rac-cryptopleurine with Hsc70 promotes the ATP hydrolysis activity of Hsc70 in the presence of the 3' poly U/UC motif of HCV RNA. Regulating the ATPase activity of Hsc70 may be one of the mechanisms by which tylophorine analogs inhibit HCV replication. This study demonstrates the novel anti-HCV activity of tylophorine analogs. Our results also highlight the importance of Hsc70 in HCV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. .,Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China.
| | - Sangwon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ya Ha
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Wing Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Shao-Ru Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Ginger E Dutschman
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gullen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Susan P Grill
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Samson Francis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - David C Baker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Cato L, Neeb A, Sharp A, Buzón V, Ficarro SB, Yang L, Muhle-Goll C, Kuznik NC, Riisnaes R, Nava Rodrigues D, Armant O, Gourain V, Adelmant G, Ntim EA, Westerling T, Dolling D, Rescigno P, Figueiredo I, Fauser F, Wu J, Rottenberg JT, Shatkina L, Ester C, Luy B, Puchta H, Troppmair J, Jung N, Bräse S, Strähle U, Marto JA, Nienhaus GU, Al-Lazikani B, Salvatella X, de Bono JS, Cato ACB, Brown M. Development of Bag-1L as a therapeutic target in androgen receptor-dependent prostate cancer. eLife 2017; 6:e27159. [PMID: 28826504 PMCID: PMC5629025 DOI: 10.7554/elife.27159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the activation function-1 (AF-1) domain located in the N-terminus of the androgen receptor (AR) is an attractive therapeutic alternative to the current approaches to inhibit AR action in prostate cancer (PCa). Here we show that the AR AF-1 is bound by the cochaperone Bag-1L. Mutations in the AR interaction domain or loss of Bag-1L abrogate AR signaling and reduce PCa growth. Clinically, Bag-1L protein levels increase with progression to castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) and high levels of Bag-1L in primary PCa associate with a reduced clinical benefit from abiraterone when these tumors progress. Intriguingly, residues in Bag-1L important for its interaction with the AR AF-1 are within a potentially druggable pocket, implicating Bag-1L as a potential therapeutic target in PCa.
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36
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Fernández-Fernández MR, Gragera M, Ochoa-Ibarrola L, Quintana-Gallardo L, Valpuesta JM. Hsp70 - a master regulator in protein degradation. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:2648-2660. [PMID: 28696498 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Proteostasis, the controlled balance of protein synthesis, folding, assembly, trafficking and degradation, is a paramount necessity for cell homeostasis. Impaired proteostasis is a hallmark of ageing and of many human diseases. Molecular chaperones are essential for proteostasis in eukaryotic cells, and their function has traditionally been linked to protein folding, assembly and disaggregation. More recent findings suggest that chaperones also contribute to key steps in protein degradation. In particular, Hsp70 has an essential role in substrate degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, as well as through different autophagy pathways. Accumulated knowledge suggests that the fate of an Hsp70 substrate is dictated by the combination of partners (cochaperones and other chaperones) that interact with Hsp70 in a given cell context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Gragera
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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37
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Nawkar GM, Maibam P, Park JH, Woo SG, Kim CY, Lee SY, Kang CH. In silico study on Arabidopsis BAG gene expression in response to environmental stresses. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:409-421. [PMID: 27002965 PMCID: PMC5216074 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BAG (Bcl-2 athanogene) family proteins are conserved in a wide range of eukaryotes, and they have been proposed to play a crucial role in plant programmed cell death (PCD). During the past decade, with the help of advanced bioinformatics tools, seven homologs of BAG genes have been identified in the Arabidopsis genome; these genes are involved in pathogen attack and abiotic stress conditions. In this study, gene expression of Arabidopsis BAG family members under environmental stresses was analyzed using the Botany Array Resource (BAR) expression browser tool and the in silico data were partially confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis for the selected stress- and hormone-treated conditions related to environmental stresses. Particularly, the induction of AtBAG6 gene in response to heat shock was confirmed by using GUS reporter lines. The loss of the AtBAG6 gene resulted into impairment in basal thermotolerance of plant and showed enhanced cell death in response to heat stress. To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of BAG genes, we analyzed ∼1-kbp promoter regions for the presence of stress-responsive elements. Our transcription profiling finally revealed that the Arabidopsis BAG genes differentially respond to environmental stresses under the control of specifically organized upstream regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh M Nawkar
- Division of Applied Life Science and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Punyakishore Maibam
- Division of Applied Life Science and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Gyeong Woo
- Eco-friendly Bio-Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Cha Young Kim
- Eco-friendly Bio-Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Ho Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science and PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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38
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Rauch JN, Zuiderweg ERP, Gestwicki JE. Non-canonical Interactions between Heat Shock Cognate Protein 70 (Hsc70) and Bcl2-associated Anthanogene (BAG) Co-Chaperones Are Important for Client Release. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19848-57. [PMID: 27474739 PMCID: PMC5025674 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.742502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) regulates protein homeostasis through its reversible interactions with client proteins. Hsc70 has two major domains: a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD), that hydrolyzes ATP, and a substrate-binding domain (SBD), where clients are bound. Members of the BAG family of co-chaperones, including Bag1 and Bag3, are known to accelerate release of both ADP and client from Hsc70. The release of nucleotide is known to be mediated by interactions between the conserved BAG domain and the Hsc70 NBD. However, less is known about the regions required for client release, and it is often assumed that this activity also requires the BAG domain. It is important to better understand this step because it determines how long clients remain in the inactive, bound state. Here, we report the surprising observation that truncated versions of either human Bag1 or Bag3, comprised only the BAG domain, promoted rapid release of nucleotide, but not client, in vitro Rather, we found that a non-canonical interaction between Bag1/3 and the Hsc70 SBD is sufficient for accelerating this step. Moreover, client release did not seem to require the BAG domain or Hsc70 NBD. These results suggest that Bag1 and Bag3 control the stability of the Hsc70-client complex using at least two distinct protein-protein contacts, providing a previously under-appreciated layer of molecular regulation in the human Hsc70 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Rauch
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 and
| | - Erik R P Zuiderweg
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 and
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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39
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Greenhough J, Papadakis ES, Cutress RI, Townsend PA, Oreffo ROC, Tare RS. Regulation of osteoblast development by Bcl-2-associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1). Sci Rep 2016; 6:33504. [PMID: 27633857 PMCID: PMC5025845 DOI: 10.1038/srep33504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BCL-2-associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1) is expressed by osteoblast-lineage cells; early embryonic lethality in Bag-1 null mice, however, has limited the investigation of BAG-1 function in osteoblast development. In the present study, bone morphogenetic protein-2/BMP-2-directed osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) of Bag-1+/− (heterozygous) female mice was decreased significantly. Genes crucial for osteogenic differentiation, bone matrix formation and mineralisation were expressed at significantly lower levels in cultures of Bag-1+/− BMSCs supplemented with BMP-2, while genes with roles in inhibition of BMP-2-directed osteoblastogenesis were significantly upregulated. 17-β-estradiol (E2) enhanced responsiveness of BMSCs of wild-type and Bag-1+/− mice to BMP-2, and promoted robust BMP-2-stimulated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. BAG-1 can modulate cellular responses to E2 by regulating the establishment of functional estrogen receptors (ERs), crucially, via its interaction with heat shock proteins (HSC70/HSP70). Inhibition of BAG-1 binding to HSC70 by the small-molecule chemical inhibitor, Thioflavin-S, and a short peptide derived from the C-terminal BAG domain, which mediates binding with the ATPase domain of HSC70, resulted in significant downregulation of E2/ER-facilitated BMP-2-directed osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These studies demonstrate for the first time the significance of BAG-1-mediated protein-protein interactions, specifically, BAG-1-regulated activation of ER by HSC70, in modulation of E2-facilitated BMP-2-directed osteoblast development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Greenhough
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanouil S Papadakis
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Ramsey I Cutress
- Cancer Research UK Centre Cancer Sciences Unit, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Townsend
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul S Tare
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
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40
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Stabilizing the Hsp70-Tau Complex Promotes Turnover in Models of Tauopathy. Cell Chem Biol 2016; 23:992-1001. [PMID: 27499529 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a chaperone that normally scans the proteome and initiates the turnover of some proteins (termed clients) by linking them to the degradation pathways. This activity is critical to normal protein homeostasis, yet it appears to fail in diseases associated with abnormal protein accumulation. It is not clear why Hsp70 promotes client degradation under some conditions, while sparing that protein under others. Here, we used a combination of chemical biology and genetic strategies to systematically perturb the affinity of Hsp70 for the model client, tau. This approach revealed that tight complexes between Hsp70 and tau were associated with enhanced turnover while transient interactions favored tau retention. These results suggest that client affinity is one important parameter governing Hsp70-mediated quality control.
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41
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Ouimet CM, Shao H, Rauch JN, Dawod M, Nordhues B, Dickey CA, Gestwicki JE, Kennedy RT. Protein Cross-Linking Capillary Electrophoresis for Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8272-8. [PMID: 27434096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been identified as a useful platform for detecting, quantifying, and screening for modulators of protein-protein interactions (PPIs). In this method, one protein binding partner is labeled with a fluorophore, the protein binding partners are mixed, and then, the complex is separated from free protein to allow direct determination of bound to free ratios. Although it possesses many advantages for PPI studies, the method is limited by the need to have separation conditions that both prevent protein adsorption to capillary and maintain protein interactions during the separation. In this work, we use protein cross-linking capillary electrophoresis (PXCE) to overcome this limitation. In PXCE, the proteins are cross-linked under binding conditions and then separated. This approach eliminates the need to maintain noncovalent interactions during electrophoresis and facilitates method development. We report PXCE methods for an antibody-antigen interaction and heterodimer and homodimer heat shock protein complexes. Complexes are cross-linked by short treatments with formaldehyde after reaching binding equilibrium. Cross-linked complexes are separated by electrophoretic mobility using free solution CE or by size using sieving electrophoresis of SDS complexes. The method gives good quantitative results; e.g., a lysozyme-antibody interaction was found to have Kd = 24 ± 3 nM by PXCE and Kd = 17 ± 2 nM using isothermal calorimetry (ITC). Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in complex with bcl2 associated athanogene 3 (Bag3) was found to have Kd = 25 ± 5 nM by PXCE which agrees with Kd values reported without cross-linking. Hsp70-Bag3 binding site mutants and small molecule inhibitors of Hsp70-Bag3 were characterized by PXCE with good agreement to inhibitory constants and IC50 values obtained by a bead-based flow cytometry protein interaction assay (FCPIA). PXCE allows rapid method development for quantitative analysis of PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Ouimet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hao Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Ln., San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Jennifer N Rauch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Ln., San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Mohamed Dawod
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Bryce Nordhues
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida , 4001 E. Fletcher Ave., MDC 36, Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
| | - Chad A Dickey
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida , 4001 E. Fletcher Ave., MDC 36, Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California at San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Ln., San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Robert T Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan , 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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42
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Zhu Q, Zhang L, Li L, Que H, Zhang G. Expression Characterization of Stress Genes Under High and Low Temperature Stresses in the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 18:176-188. [PMID: 26746430 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9678-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As a characteristic sessile inhabitant of the intertidal zone, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas occupies one of the most physically stressful environments on earth. With high exposure to terrestrial conditions, oysters must tolerate broad fluctuations in temperature range. However, oysters' cellular and molecular responses to temperature stresses have not been fully characterized. Here, we analyzed oyster transcriptome data under high and low temperatures. We also identified over 30 key temperature stress-responsive candidate genes, which encoded stress proteins such as heat shock proteins and apoptosis-associated proteins. The expression characterization of these genes under short-term cold and hot environments (5 and 35 °C) and long-term cold environments (5 °C) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Most of these genes reached expression peaks during the recovery stage after 24 h of heat stress, and these genes were greatly induced around day 3 in long-term cold stress while responded little to short-term cold stress. In addition, in the second heat stress after 2 days of recovery, oysters showed milder expression in these genes and a lower mortality rate, which indicated the existence of plasticity in the oyster's response to heat stress. We confirmed that homeostatic flexibility and anti-apoptosis might be crucial centers of temperature stress responses in oysters. Furthermore, we analyzed stress gene families in 11 different species and found that the linage-specific expansion of stress genes might be implicated in adaptive evolution. These results indicated that both plasticity and evolution played an important role in the stress response adaptation of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Huayong Que
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Guofan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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Schmoll M, Dattenböck C, Carreras-Villaseñor N, Mendoza-Mendoza A, Tisch D, Alemán MI, Baker SE, Brown C, Cervantes-Badillo MG, Cetz-Chel J, Cristobal-Mondragon GR, Delaye L, Esquivel-Naranjo EU, Frischmann A, Gallardo-Negrete JDJ, García-Esquivel M, Gomez-Rodriguez EY, Greenwood DR, Hernández-Oñate M, Kruszewska JS, Lawry R, Mora-Montes HM, Muñoz-Centeno T, Nieto-Jacobo MF, Nogueira Lopez G, Olmedo-Monfil V, Osorio-Concepcion M, Piłsyk S, Pomraning KR, Rodriguez-Iglesias A, Rosales-Saavedra MT, Sánchez-Arreguín JA, Seidl-Seiboth V, Stewart A, Uresti-Rivera EE, Wang CL, Wang TF, Zeilinger S, Casas-Flores S, Herrera-Estrella A. The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2016; 80:205-327. [PMID: 26864432 PMCID: PMC4771370 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00040-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Trichoderma contains fungi with high relevance for humans, with applications in enzyme production for plant cell wall degradation and use in biocontrol. Here, we provide a broad, comprehensive overview of the genomic content of these species for "hot topic" research aspects, including CAZymes, transport, transcription factors, and development, along with a detailed analysis and annotation of less-studied topics, such as signal transduction, genome integrity, chromatin, photobiology, or lipid, sulfur, and nitrogen metabolism in T. reesei, T. atroviride, and T. virens, and we open up new perspectives to those topics discussed previously. In total, we covered more than 2,000 of the predicted 9,000 to 11,000 genes of each Trichoderma species discussed, which is >20% of the respective gene content. Additionally, we considered available transcriptome data for the annotated genes. Highlights of our analyses include overall carbohydrate cleavage preferences due to the different genomic contents and regulation of the respective genes. We found light regulation of many sulfur metabolic genes. Additionally, a new Golgi 1,2-mannosidase likely involved in N-linked glycosylation was detected, as were indications for the ability of Trichoderma spp. to generate hybrid galactose-containing N-linked glycans. The genomic inventory of effector proteins revealed numerous compounds unique to Trichoderma, and these warrant further investigation. We found interesting expansions in the Trichoderma genus in several signaling pathways, such as G-protein-coupled receptors, RAS GTPases, and casein kinases. A particularly interesting feature absolutely unique to T. atroviride is the duplication of the alternative sulfur amino acid synthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Schmoll
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Department Health and Environment, Bioresources Unit, Tulln, Austria
| | - Christoph Dattenböck
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Department Health and Environment, Bioresources Unit, Tulln, Austria
| | | | | | - Doris Tisch
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario Ivan Alemán
- Cinvestav, Department of Genetic Engineering, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Scott E Baker
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Christopher Brown
- University of Otago, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - José Cetz-Chel
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Delaye
- Cinvestav, Department of Genetic Engineering, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Alexa Frischmann
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Monica García-Esquivel
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - David R Greenwood
- The University of Auckland, School of Biological Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Miguel Hernández-Oñate
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Joanna S Kruszewska
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Laboratory of Fungal Glycobiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Lawry
- Lincoln University, Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sebastian Piłsyk
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Laboratory of Fungal Glycobiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kyle R Pomraning
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Aroa Rodriguez-Iglesias
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Department Health and Environment, Bioresources Unit, Tulln, Austria
| | | | | | - Verena Seidl-Seiboth
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Chih-Li Wang
- National Chung-Hsing University, Department of Plant Pathology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fang Wang
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susanne Zeilinger
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria University of Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Alfredo Herrera-Estrella
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Bracher A, Verghese J. GrpE, Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1 and BAG domain proteins: nucleotide exchange factors for Hsp70 molecular chaperones. Subcell Biochem 2015; 78:1-33. [PMID: 25487014 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11731-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family are key components of the cellular protein folding machinery. Substrate folding is accomplished by iterative cycles of ATP binding, hydrolysis and release. The ATPase activity of Hsp70 is regulated by two main classes of cochaperones: J-domain proteins stimulate ATPase hydrolysis by Hsp70, while nucleotide exchange factors (NEF) facilitate its conversion from the ADP-bound to the ATP-bound state, thus closing the chaperone folding cycle. Beginning with the discovery of the prototypical bacterial NEF GrpE, a large diversity of Hsp70 nucleotide exchange factors has been identified, connecting Hsp70 to a multitude of cellular processes in the eukaryotic cell. Here we review recent advances towards structure and function of nucleotide exchange factors from the Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1 and BAG domain protein families and discuss how these cochaperones connect protein folding with quality control and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bracher
- Dept. of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany,
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45
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Burmann BM, Hiller S. Chaperones and chaperone-substrate complexes: Dynamic playgrounds for NMR spectroscopists. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 86-87:41-64. [PMID: 25919198 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The majority of proteins depend on a well-defined three-dimensional structure to obtain their functionality. In the cellular environment, the process of protein folding is guided by molecular chaperones to avoid misfolding, aggregation, and the generation of toxic species. To this end, living cells contain complex networks of molecular chaperones, which interact with substrate polypeptides by a multitude of different functionalities: transport them towards a target location, help them fold, unfold misfolded species, resolve aggregates, or deliver them towards a proteolysis machinery. Despite the availability of high-resolution crystal structures of many important chaperones in their substrate-free apo forms, structural information about how substrates are bound by chaperones and how they are protected from misfolding and aggregation is very sparse. This lack of information arises from the highly dynamic nature of chaperone-substrate complexes, which so far has largely hindered their crystallization. This highly dynamic nature makes chaperone-substrate complexes good targets for NMR spectroscopy. Here, we review the results achieved by NMR spectroscopy to understand chaperone function in general and details of chaperone-substrate interactions in particular. We assess the information content and applicability of different NMR techniques for the characterization of chaperones and chaperone-substrate complexes. Finally, we highlight three recent studies, which have provided structural descriptions of chaperone-substrate complexes at atomic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn M Burmann
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Hiller
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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46
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Cato L, Neeb A, Brown M, Cato ACB. Control of steroid receptor dynamics and function by genomic actions of the cochaperones p23 and Bag-1L. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2014; 12:e005. [PMID: 25422595 PMCID: PMC4242288 DOI: 10.1621/nrs.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones encompass a group of unrelated proteins that facilitate the
correct assembly and disassembly of other macromolecular structures, which they
themselves do not remain a part of. They associate with a large and diverse set
of coregulators termed cochaperones that regulate their function and
specificity. Amongst others, chaperones and cochaperones regulate the activity
of several signaling molecules including steroid receptors, which upon ligand
binding interact with discrete nucleotide sequences within the nucleus to
control the expression of diverse physiological and developmental genes.
Molecular chaperones and cochaperones are typically known to provide the correct
conformation for ligand binding by the steroid receptors. While this
contribution is widely accepted, recent studies have reported that they further
modulate steroid receptor action outside ligand binding. They are thought to
contribute to receptor turnover, transport of the receptor to different
subcellular localizations, recycling of the receptor on chromatin and even
stabilization of the DNA-binding properties of the receptor. In addition to
these combined effects with molecular chaperones, cochaperones are reported to
have additional functions that are independent of molecular chaperones. Some of
these functions also impact on steroid receptor action. Two well-studied
examples are the cochaperones p23 and Bag-1L, which have been identified as
modulators of steroid receptor activity in nuclei. Understanding details of
their regulatory action will provide new therapeutic opportunities of
controlling steroid receptor action independent of the widespread effects of
molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cato
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
| | - Antje Neeb
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
| | - Myles Brown
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
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Wang G, Qi W, Wu Q, Yao D, Zhang J, Zhu J, Wang G, Wang G, Tang Y, Song R. Identification and Characterization of Maize floury4 as a Novel Semidominant Opaque Mutant That Disrupts Protein Body Assembly. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:582-594. [PMID: 24706551 PMCID: PMC4044854 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.238030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Zeins are the major seed storage proteins in maize (Zea mays). They are synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and deposited into protein bodies. Failure of signal peptide cleavage from zeins can cause an opaque endosperm in the mature kernel; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenotype are not fully understood. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel, semidominant opaque mutant, floury4 (fl4). fl4 is caused by a mutated z1A 19-kD α-zein with defective signal peptide cleavage. Zein protein bodies in fl4 endosperm are misshapen and aggregated. Immunolabeling analysis indicated that fl4 participates in the assembly of zeins into protein bodies, disrupting their proper spatial distribution. ER stress is stimulated in fl4 endosperm, as illustrated by dilated rough ER and markedly up-regulated binding protein content. Further analysis confirmed that several ER stress pathways are induced in fl4 endosperm, including ER-associated degradation, the unfolded protein response, and translational suppression by the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translational initiation factor2 α-subunit. Programmed cell death is also elevated, corroborating the intensity of ER stress in fl4. These results provide new insights into cellular responses caused by storage proteins with defective signal peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Qiao Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Dongsheng Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Jushan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Jie Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Guifeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Yuanping Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
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Jehle K, Cato L, Neeb A, Muhle-Goll C, Jung N, Smith EW, Buzon V, Carbó LR, Estébanez-Perpiñá E, Schmitz K, Fruk L, Luy B, Chen Y, Cox MB, Bräse S, Brown M, Cato ACB. Coregulator control of androgen receptor action by a novel nuclear receptor-binding motif. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8839-51. [PMID: 24523409 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.534859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is essential for prostate cancer development. It is activated by androgens through its ligand-binding domain (LBD), which consists predominantly of 11 α-helices. Upon ligand binding, the last helix is reorganized to an agonist conformation termed activator function-2 (AF-2) for coactivator binding. Several coactivators bind to the AF-2 pocket through conserved LXXLL or FXXLF sequences to enhance the activity of the receptor. Recently, a small compound-binding surface adjacent to AF-2 has been identified as an allosteric modulator of the AF-2 activity and is termed binding function-3 (BF-3). However, the role of BF-3 in vivo is currently unknown, and little is understood about what proteins can bind to it. Here we demonstrate that a duplicated GARRPR motif at the N terminus of the cochaperone Bag-1L functions through the BF-3 pocket. These findings are supported by the fact that a selective BF-3 inhibitor or mutations within the BF-3 pocket abolish the interaction between the GARRPR motif(s) and the BF-3. Conversely, amino acid exchanges in the two GARRPR motifs of Bag-1L can impair the interaction between Bag-1L and AR without altering the ability of Bag-1L to bind to chromatin. Furthermore, the mutant Bag-1L increases androgen-dependent activation of a subset of AR targets in a genome-wide transcriptome analysis, demonstrating a repressive function of the GARRPR/BF-3 interaction. We have therefore identified GARRPR as a novel BF-3 regulatory sequence important for fine-tuning the activity of the AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Jehle
- From the Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Wang X, Guo J, Fei E, Mu Y, He S, Che X, Tan J, Xia K, Zhang Z, Wang G, Tang B. BAG5 protects against mitochondrial oxidative damage through regulating PINK1 degradation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86276. [PMID: 24475098 PMCID: PMC3901670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) gene cause PARK6 familial Parkinsonism, and loss of the stability of PINK1 may also contribute to sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). Degradation of PINK1 occurs predominantly through the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), however, to date, few of the proteins have been found to regulate the degradation of PINK1. Using the yeast two-hybrid system and pull-down methods, we identified bcl-2-associated athanogene 5 (BAG5), a BAG family member, directly interacted with PINK1. We showed that BAG5 stabilized PINK1 by decreasing the ubiquitination of PINK1. Interestingly, BAG5 rescued MPP(+)- and rotenone-induced mitochondria dysfunction by up-regulating PINK1 in vitro. In PINK1-null mice and MPTP-treated mice, BAG5 significantly increased in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) although PINK1 was decreased. Our findings indicated that BAG5, as a key protein to stabilize PINK1, is a promising therapeutic tool for preventing mitochondrial dysfunction following oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Human Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Erkang Fei
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfeng Mu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang He
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Che
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BT); (GW)
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Human Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BT); (GW)
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50
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Rauch JN, Gestwicki JE. Binding of human nucleotide exchange factors to heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) generates functionally distinct complexes in vitro. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:1402-14. [PMID: 24318877 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.521997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins with Bcl2-associated anthanogene (BAG) domains act as nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) for the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). There are six BAG family NEFs in humans, and each is thought to link Hsp70 to a distinct cellular pathway. However, little is known about how the NEFs compete for binding to Hsp70 or how they might differentially shape its biochemical activities. Toward these questions, we measured the binding of human Hsp72 (HSPA1A) to BAG1, BAG2, BAG3, and the unrelated NEF Hsp105. These studies revealed a clear hierarchy of affinities: BAG3 > BAG1 > Hsp105 ≫ BAG2. All of the NEFs competed for binding to Hsp70, and their relative affinity values predicted their potency in nucleotide and peptide release assays. Finally, we combined the Hsp70-NEF pairs with cochaperones of the J protein family (DnaJA1, DnaJA2, DnaJB1, and DnaJB4) to generate 16 permutations. The activity of the combinations in ATPase and luciferase refolding assays were dependent on the identity and stoichiometry of both the J protein and NEF so that some combinations were potent chaperones, whereas others were inactive. Given the number and diversity of cochaperones in mammals, it is likely that combinatorial assembly could generate a large number of distinct permutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Rauch
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Pathology and the Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 and
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