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Midavaine É, Brouillette RL, Théberge E, Mona CE, Kashem SW, Côté J, Zeugin V, Besserer-Offroy É, Longpré JM, Marsault É, Sarret P. Discovery of a CCR2-targeting pepducin therapy for chronic pain. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107242. [PMID: 38823470 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Targeting the CCL2/CCR2 chemokine axis has been shown to be effective at relieving pain in rodent models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain, therefore representing a promising avenue for the development of non-opioid analgesics. However, clinical trials targeting this receptor for inflammatory conditions and painful neuropathies have failed to meet expectations and have all been discontinued due to lack of efficacy. To overcome the poor selectivity of CCR2 chemokine receptor antagonists, we generated and characterized the function of intracellular cell-penetrating allosteric modulators targeting CCR2, namely pepducins. In vivo, chronic intrathecal administration of the CCR2-selective pepducin PP101 was effective in alleviating neuropathic and bone cancer pain. In the setting of bone metastases, we found that T cells infiltrate dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and induce long-lasting pain hypersensitivity. By acting on CCR2-expressing DRG neurons, PP101 attenuated the altered phenotype of sensory neurons as well as the neuroinflammatory milieu of DRGs, and reduced bone cancer pain by blocking CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration. Notably, PP101 demonstrated its efficacy in targeting the neuropathic component of bone cancer pain, as evidenced by its anti-nociceptive effects in a model of chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. Importantly, PP101-induced reduction of CCR2 signaling in DRGs did not result in deleterious tumor progression or adverse behavioral effects. Thus, targeting neuroimmune crosstalk through allosteric inhibition of CCR2 could represent an effective and safe avenue for the management of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élora Midavaine
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Brouillette
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Théberge
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Christine E Mona
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Sakeen W Kashem
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jérôme Côté
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Vera Zeugin
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Élie Besserer-Offroy
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Longpré
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Éric Marsault
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Institute of pharmacology of Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
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2
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Yi H, Zhu B, Zheng C, Ying Z, Cheng M. CXCL13/CXCR5 promote chronic postsurgical pain and astrocyte activation in rats by targeting NLRP3. Neuroreport 2024; 35:406-412. [PMID: 38526919 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) with high incidence negatively impacts the quality of life. X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13) has been associated with postsurgery inflammation and exacerbates neuropathic pain in patients with CPSP. This study was aimed to illustrate the relationship between CXCL13 and nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3), which is also involved in CPSP. A CPSP model was constructed by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) in right medial thigh, and the rats were divided into three groups: Sham, SMIR, and SMIR + anti-CXCL13 (intrathecally injected with anti-CXCL13 antibody). Then, the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) score of rats was recorded. Primary rat astrocytes were isolated and treated with recombinant protein CXCL13 with or without NLRP3 inhibitor INF39. The expressions of CXCL13, CXCR5, IL-1β, IL-18, GFAP, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 p20 were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR, western blot, ELISA, immunocytochemistry, and immunofluorescence analyses. The anti-CXCL13 antibody alleviated SMIR-induced decreased PWT and increased expression of GFAP, CXCL13, CXCR5, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 p20 in spinal cord tissues. The production of IL-1β, IL-18, and expression of CXCL13, CXCR5, GFAP, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 p20 were increased in recombinant protein CXCL13-treated primary rat astrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with NLRP3 inhibitor INF39 inhibited the function of recombinant protein CXCL13 in primary rat astrocytes. The CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling could promote neuropathic pain, astrocytes activation, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in CPSP model rats by targeting NLRP3. NLRP3 may be a potential target for the management of CPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Xie W, Li F, Han Y, Chi X, Qin Y, Ye F, Li Z, Xiao J. Calcitonin gene-related peptide attenuated discogenic low back pain in rats possibly via inhibiting microglia activation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25906. [PMID: 38371980 PMCID: PMC10873749 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Discogenic low back pain (DLBP) is a multifactorial disease and associated with intervertebral disc degeneration. Calcitonin gene-related protein (CGRP) plays a critical role in pain processing, while the role in DLBP remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the anti-nociceptive role and related mechanisms of CGRP in DLBP. Here we established the DLBP rat and validated the model using histology and radiography. Minocycline, a microglial inhibitor, and CGRP were intrathecally injected and the behavioral test was performed to determine hyperalgesia. Further, BV2 microglial cells and microglial activation agent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were employed for the in vitro experiment. We observed obvious lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration and hyperalgesia at 12 weeks postoperation in DLBP group, with significantly activated microglia in the spinal cord. CGRP treatment significantly inhibited the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and NLRP3/caspase-1 expression induced by LPS in BV2 cells, whereas treatment with CGRP alone had little effect on BV2 cells. The intrathecal injection of CGRP into DLBP rats relieved mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, reverted the microglial activation and decreased the expression of NLRP3/caspase-1, similar to the effects produced by minocycline. Our results provide evidence that microglial activation in the spinal cord play a key role in hyperalgesia in DLBP rats. CGRP alleviates DLBP induced hyperalgesia and inhibits microglial activation in the spinal cord. Regulation of CGRP and microglial activation may provide a new strategy for ameliorating DLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaoying Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhanchun Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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4
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Hu YD, Wang ZD, Yue YF, Li D, Zhen SQ, Ding JQ, Meng W, Zhu HL, Xie M, Liu L. Inhibition of HDAC6 alleviates cancer‑induced bone pain by reducing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:4. [PMID: 37997785 PMCID: PMC10688768 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer‑induced bone pain (CIBP) is characterized as moderate to severe pain that negatively affects the daily functional status and quality of life of patients. When cancer cells metastasize and grow in bone marrow, this activates neuroinflammation in the spinal cord, which plays a vital role in the generation and persistence of chronic pain. In the present study, a model of CIBP was constructed by inoculating of MRMT‑1 rat breast carcinoma cells into the medullary cavity of the tibia in male Sprague‑Dawley rats. Following two weeks of surgery, CIBP rats exhibited damaged bone structure, increased pain sensitivity and impaired motor coordination. Neuroinflammation was activated in the spinal cords of CIBP rats, presenting with extensive leukocyte filtration, upregulated cytokine levels and activated astrocytes. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) works as a therapeutic target for chronic pain. The intrathecal injection of the HDAC6 inhibitor tubastatin A (TSA) in the lumbar spinal cord resulted in decreased spinal inflammatory cytokine production, suppressed spinal astrocytes activation and reduced NOD‑like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity. Consequently, this effect alleviated spontaneous pain and mechanical hyperalgesia and recovered motor coordination in CIBP rats. It was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation assay that TSA treatment reduced the interaction between HDAC6 and NLRP3. Cell research on C6 rat glioma cells served to verify that TSA treatment reduced HDAC6 and NLRP3 expression. In summary, the findings of present study indicated that TSA treatment alleviated cancer‑induced bone pain through the inhibition of HDAC6/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Di Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Di Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Fen Yue
- Xianning Central Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437199, P.R. China
| | - Dai Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Qing Zhen
- Matang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianning, Hubei 437000, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Qiong Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Wei Meng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Li Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Min Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
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Zhao YX, Yao MJ, Shen JW, Zhang WX, Zhou YX. Electroacupuncture attenuates nociceptive behaviors in a mouse model of cancer pain. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069241240692. [PMID: 38443317 PMCID: PMC11010748 DOI: 10.1177/17448069241240692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is a major symptom in cancer patients, and cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is the most common type of moderate and severe cancer-related pain. The current available analgesic treatments for CIBP have adverse effects as well as limited therapeutic effects. Acupuncture is proved effective in pain management as a safe alternative therapy. We evaluated the analgesic effect of acupuncture in treatment of cancer pain and try to explore the underlying analgesic mechanisms. Nude mice were inoculated with cancer cells into the left distal femur to establish cancer pain model. Electroacupuncture (EA) treatment was applied for the xenograft animals. Pain behaviors of mice were evaluated, followed by the detections of neuropeptide-related and inflammation-related indicators in peripheral and central levels. EA treatment alleviated cancer-induced pain behaviors covering mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain, and also down-regulated immunofluorescence expressions of neuropeptide CGRP and p75 in the skin of affected plantar area in xenograft mice, and inhibited expressions of overexpressed neuropeptide-related and inflammation-related protein in the lumbar spinal cord of xenograft mice. Overall, our findings suggest that EA treatment ameliorated cancer-induced pain behaviors in the mouse xenograft model of cancer pain, possibly through inhibiting the expressions of neuropeptide-related and inflammation-related protein in central level following tumor cell xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xue Zhao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Yao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Wu Shen
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing, China
- Urology Department of Xiyuan Hospital, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Xi Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Xi Zhou
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing, China
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6
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Lee JY, Park CS, Seo KJ, Kim IY, Han S, Youn I, Yune TY. IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 axis mediates neuropathic pain by regulating astrocyte and microglia activation after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114576. [PMID: 37863306 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), the control of activated glial cells such as microglia and astrocytes has emerged as a promising strategy for neuropathic pain management. However, signaling mechanism involved in glial activation in the process of neuropathic pain development and maintenance after SCI is not well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the potential role and mechanism of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway associated with glial cell activation in chronic neuropathic pain development and maintenance after SCI. One month after contusive SCI, the activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway was markedly upregulated in both microglia and astrocyte in nociceptive processing regions of the lumbar spinal cord. In addition, both mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia was significantly inhibited by a JAK2 inhibitor, AG490. In particular, AG490 treatment inhibited both microglial and astrocyte activation in the lumbar (L) 4-5 dorsal horn and significantly decreased levels of p-p38MAPK, p-ERK and p-JNK, which are known to be activated in microglia (p-p38MAPK and p-ERK) and astrocyte (p-JNK). Experiments using primary cell cultures also revealed that the JAK2/STAT3 pathway promoted microglia and astrocyte activation after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Furthermore, JAK2/STAT3 signaling and pain behaviors were significantly attenuated when the rats were treated with anti-IL-6 antibody. Finally, minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, inhibited IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in activated glial cells and restored nociceptive thresholds and the hyperresponsiveness of dorsal neurons. These results suggest an important role of the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in the activation of microglia and astrocytes and in the maintenance of chronic below-level pain after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Youn Lee
- Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Sol Park
- Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Seo
- Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In Yi Kim
- Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Han
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Inchan Youn
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Young Yune
- Age-Related and Brain Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02453, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Dou Q, Ba F, Hu S, Xu GY, Wei J, Jiang GQ. LncRNA NONRATT014888.2 contributes to cancer-induced bone pain through downregulation of natriuretic peptide receptor 3 in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 683:149114. [PMID: 37857164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is implicated in both cancer development and pain process. However, the role of lncRNA in the development of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is unclear. LncRNA NONRATT014888.2 is highly expressed in tibia related dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) in CIBP rats which function is unknown. CIBP was induced by injection of Walker 256 mammary gland tumor cells into the tibia canal of female SD rats. Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) of rats were measured. Down-regulation of NONRATT014888.2 by siRNA in CIBP rats markedly attenuated hind-paw mechanical pain hypersensitivity. LncRNA-predicted target mRNAs analysis and mRNA sequencing results cued Socs3, Npr3 were related with NONRATT014888.2. Intrathecal injection of NONRATT014888.2-siR206 upregulated Npr3 both in mRNA and protein level. Npr3 was co-expressed in NONRATT014888.2-positive DRGs neurons and mainly located in cytoplasm, but not in Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells. Intrathecal injection of ADV-Npr3 upregulated Npr3 expression and enhanced the PWT of CIBP rats. Our results suggest that upregulated lncRNA NONRATT014888.2 contributed to hyperalgesia in CIBP rats, and the mechanism may through downregulation of Npr3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianshu Dou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Futing Ba
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shufen Hu
- Laboratory for Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Laboratory for Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Jinrong Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Guo-Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, PR China.
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8
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Saadh MJ, Rashed AB, Jamal A, Castillo-Acobo RY, Kamal MA, Cotrina-Aliaga JC, Gonzáles JLA, Alothaim AS, Alhoqail WA, Ahmad F, Lakshmaiya N, Amin AH, Younus DG, Rojas GGR, Bahrami A, Akhavan-Sigari R. miR-199a-3p suppresses neuroinflammation by directly targeting MyD88 in a mouse model of bone cancer pain. Life Sci 2023; 333:122139. [PMID: 37783266 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pain is a profoundly debilitating symptom in cancer patients, leading to disability, immobility, and a marked decline in their quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of miR-199a-3p in a murine model of bone cancer pain induced by tumor cell implantation in the medullary cavity of the femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed pain-related behaviors, including the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and the number of spontaneous flinches (NSF). To investigate miRNA expression and its targets in astrocytes, we employed a combination of RNA-seq analysis, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, EdU, TUNEL, ChIP, ELISA, and luciferase reporter assays in mice (C3H/HeJ) with bone cancer pain and control groups. KEY FINDINGS On days 10, 14, 21, and 28 post-surgery, we observed significant differences in PWTL, PWMT, and NSF when compared to the sham group (P < 0.001). qRT-PCR assays and miRNA sequencing results confirmed reduced miR-199a-3p expression in astrocytes of mice with bone cancer pain. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that miR-199a-3p suppressed astrocyte activation and the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In vitro investigations revealed that miR-199a-3p mimics reduced the levels of inflammatory factors in astrocytes and MyD88/NF-κB proteins. Furthermore, treatment with a miR-199a-3p agonist resulted in reduced expression of MyD88, TAK1, p-p65, and inflammatory mediators, along with decreased astrocyte activation in the spinal cord. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, these findings demonstrate that upregulation of miR-199a-3p may offer a therapeutic avenue for mitigating bone cancer pain in mice by suppressing neuroinflammation and inhibiting the MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Amera Bekhatroh Rashed
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Zulfi-, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - José Luis Arias Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Abdulaziz S Alothaim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Zulfi-, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wardah A Alhoqail
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Natrayan Lakshmaiya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | | | | | - Abolfazl Bahrami
- Biomedical Center for Systems Biology Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Yang L, Liu B, Zheng S, Xu L, Yao M. Understanding the initiation, delivery and processing of bone cancer pain from the peripheral to the central nervous system. Neuropharmacology 2023; 237:109641. [PMID: 37392821 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone cancer pain is a complex condition characterized by persistent, sudden, spontaneous pain accompanied by hyperalgesia that typically arises from bone metastases or primary bone tumors, causing severe discomfort and significantly diminishing cancer patients' quality of life and confidence in their ability to overcome the disease. It is widely known that peripheral nerves are responsible for detecting harmful stimuli, which are then transmitted to the brain via the spinal cord, resulting in the perception of pain. In the case of bone cancer, tumors and stromal cells within the bone marrow release various chemical signals, including inflammatory factors, colony-stimulating factors, chemokines, and hydrogen ions. Consequently, the nociceptors located at the nerve endings within the bone marrow sense these chemical signals, generating electrical signals that are then transmitted to the brain through the spinal cord. Subsequently, the brain processes these electrical signals in a complex manner to create the sensation of bone cancer pain. Numerous studies have investigated the transmission of bone cancer pain from the periphery to the spinal cord. However, the processing of pain information induced by bone cancer within the brain remains unclear. With the continuous advancements in brain science and technology, the brain mechanism of bone cancer pain would become more clearly understood. Herein, we focus on summarizing the peripheral nerve perception of the spinal cord transmission of bone cancer pain and provide a brief overview of the ongoing research regarding the brain mechanisms involved in bone cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Shang Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Longsheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882 Zhong-Huan-Nan Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
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10
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Fang XX, Zhai MN, Zhu M, He C, Wang H, Wang J, Zhang ZJ. Inflammation in pathogenesis of chronic pain: Foe and friend. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231178176. [PMID: 37220667 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231178176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a refractory health disease worldwide causing an enormous economic burden on individuals and society. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) is the major factor in the pathogenesis of chronic pain. The inflammation in the early- and late phase may have distinctive effects on the initiation and resolution of pain, which can be viewed as friend or foe. On the one hand, painful injuries lead to the activation of glial cells and immune cells in the PNS, releasing pro-inflammatory mediators, which contribute to the sensitization of nociceptors, leading to chronic pain; neuroinflammation in the CNS drives central sensitization and promotes the development of chronic pain. On the other hand, macrophages and glial cells of PNS and CNS promote pain resolution via anti-inflammatory mediators and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of inflammation in the deterioration and resolution of pain. Further, we summarize a number of novel strategies that can be used to prevent and treat chronic pain by controlling inflammation. This comprehensive view of the relationship between inflammation and chronic pain and its specific mechanism will provide novel targets for the treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng-Nan Zhai
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meixuan Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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11
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Astrocytes in Chronic Pain: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Neurosci Bull 2022; 39:425-439. [PMID: 36376699 PMCID: PMC10043112 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractChronic pain is challenging to treat due to the limited therapeutic options and adverse side-effects of therapies. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system and play important roles in different pathological conditions, including chronic pain. Astrocytes regulate nociceptive synaptic transmission and network function via neuron–glia and glia–glia interactions to exaggerate pain signals under chronic pain conditions. It is also becoming clear that astrocytes play active roles in brain regions important for the emotional and memory-related aspects of chronic pain. Therefore, this review presents our current understanding of the roles of astrocytes in chronic pain, how they regulate nociceptive responses, and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action.
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12
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Guan X, Gong X, Jiao ZY, Cao HY, Liu S, Lin C, Huang X, Lan H, Ma L, Xu B. Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:803-813. [PMID: 36374014 PMCID: PMC9680203 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1111.bjr-2022-0018.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The involvement of cyclin D1 in the proliferation of microglia, and the generation and maintenance of bone cancer pain (BCP), have not yet been clarified. We investigated the expression of microglia and cyclin D1, and the influences of cyclin D1 on pain threshold. Methods Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish a rat model of BCP, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) and cyclin D1 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. The proliferation of spinal microglia was detected by immunohistochemistry. The pain behaviour test was assessed by quantification of spontaneous flinches, limb use, and guarding during forced ambulation, mechanical paw withdrawal threshold, and thermal paw withdrawal latency. Results IBA1 and cyclin D1 in the ipsilateral spinal horn increased in a time-dependent fashion. Spinal microglia proliferated in BCP rats. The microglia inhibitor minocycline attenuated the pain behaviour in BCP rats. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor flavopiridol inhibited the proliferation of spinal microglia, and was associated with an improvement in pain behaviour in BCP rats. Conclusion Our results revealed that the inhibition of spinal microglial proliferation was associated with a decrease in pain behaviour in a rat model of BCP. Cyclin D1 acts as a key regulator of the proliferation of spinal microglia in a rat model of BCP. Disruption of cyclin D1, the restriction-point control of cell cycle, inhibited the proliferation of microglia and attenuated the pain behaviours in BCP rats. Cyclin D1 and the proliferation of spinal microglia may be potential targets for the clinical treatment of BCP. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(11):803–813.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehai Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaofang Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ziyin Y. Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huiyu Y. Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Susu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chengxin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hongmeng Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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13
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Sodium aescinate alleviates bone cancer pain in rats by suppressing microglial activation via p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Chemogenetic and Optogenetic Manipulations of Microglia in Chronic Pain. Neurosci Bull 2022; 39:368-378. [PMID: 35976535 PMCID: PMC10043090 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain relief remains an unmet medical need. Current research points to a substantial contribution of glia-neuron interaction in its pathogenesis. Particularly, microglia play a crucial role in the development of chronic pain. To better understand the microglial contribution to chronic pain, specific regional and temporal manipulations of microglia are necessary. Recently, two new approaches have emerged that meet these demands. Chemogenetic tools allow the expression of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) specifically in microglia. Similarly, optogenetic tools allow for microglial manipulation via the activation of artificially expressed, light-sensitive proteins. Chemo- and optogenetic manipulations of microglia in vivo are powerful in interrogating microglial function in chronic pain. This review summarizes these emerging tools in studying the role of microglia in chronic pain and highlights their potential applications in microglia-related neurological disorders.
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15
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Phosphorylation at Ser 727 Increases STAT3 Interaction with PKCε Regulating Neuron–Glia Crosstalk via IL-6-Mediated Hyperalgesia In Vivo and In Vitro. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:2782080. [PMID: 35125963 PMCID: PMC8816592 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2782080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods A rat hyperalgesia model was induced using an intraplantar injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) or an intrathecal injection of IL-6. Mechanical allodynia was evaluated using von Frey filament tests after intrathecal injections of T-5224 (c-Fos/AP-1 inhibitor), minocycline (Mino, a specific microglia inhibitor), L-2-aminoadipic acid (LAA, an astroglial toxin), PKCε inhibitor peptide, APTSTAT3-9R (STAT3 inhibitor), or anti-IL-6 antibody. The c-Fos, GFAP, Iba-1, PKCε, STAT3, pSTAT3Tyr705 and pSTAT3Ser727, and IL-6 expression at the spinal cord level was assessed by Western blot analysis. The interactive effects of PKCε and STAT3 were determined using immunofluorescence staining and immunoprecipitation in vivo and in vitro. Interleukin-6 promoter activity was examined using luciferase assays. Results T-5224, Mino, and LAA attenuated FCA- or IL-6-mediated inflammatory pain, with a decrease in c-Fos, GFAP, Iba-1, PKCε, and IL-6 expression. PKCε inhibitor peptide and APTSTAT3-9R reversed FCA-induced nociceptive behavior, while decreasing pSTAT3Ser727, IL-6, c-Fos, GFAP, and Iba-1 expression and PKCε and STAT3 coexpression. Interleukin-6 promoter activity increased in the presence of PKCε and STAT3. The interaction with PKCε increased on phosphorylating STAT3 at Ser727 but not at Tyr705. Conclusion STAT3 phosphorylation at Ser 727 and the interaction with PKCε contribute to hyperalgesia via the IL-6-mediated signaling pathway, thus regulating neuron–glia crosstalk during inflammatory pain.
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16
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Cui N, Liang Y, Wang J, Liu B, Wei B, Zhao Y. Minocycline attenuates oxidative and inflammatory injury in a intestinal perforation induced septic lung injury model via down-regulating lncRNA MALAT1 expression. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108115. [PMID: 34562841 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play an important role in acute lung injury (ALI). Although minocycline (MINO) has anti-inflammatory effects and is a promising candidate in treating inflammatory diseases, the effect of MINO on ALI during sepsis is still unclear. METHODS In the present study, a mouse model with intestinal perforation was established. C57BL/6 mice received cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce sepsis-associated ALI. MINO was used to treat the mice via intraperitoneal injection at different doses (negative control, 20 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively) 24 h after CLP. The severity of lung injury was evaluated by pathological examination, and lung wet / dry weight ratio was calculated to evaluate the severity of pulmonary edema. The changes of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, MDA, NF-κB, Nrf2, Keap1 and lncRNA MALAT1 levels in lung tissues of the mice were detected with ELISA, chemical colorimetry, Western blot or qRT-PCR. RESULTS MINO ameliorated the lung edema and lung injury of the mice induced by CLP in a dose-dependent manner. MINO administration could significantly down-regulate expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, PGE2 and MDA in lung tissues of the mice. Mechanistically, MINO exerted the effects of anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress through down-regulating the expression of MALAT1 and regulating Nrf2/Keap1 and NF-κB signaling pathways. CONCLUSION MINO represses oxidative stress and inflammatory response during sepsis-induced ALI via down-regulating MALAT1 expression, and it has the potential to treat septic ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Bing Wei
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China.
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Rosiglitazone Alleviates Mechanical Allodynia of Rats with Bone Cancer Pain through the Activation of PPAR- γ to Inhibit the NF- κB/NLRP3 Inflammatory Axis in Spinal Cord Neurons. PPAR Res 2021; 2021:6086265. [PMID: 34484316 PMCID: PMC8413064 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6086265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain (BCP) is a serious clinical problem that affects the quality of life of cancer patients. However, the current treatment methods for this condition are still unsatisfactory. This study investigated whether intrathecal injection of rosiglitazone modulates the noxious behaviors associated with BCP, and the possible mechanisms related to this effect were explored. We found that rosiglitazone treatment relieved bone cancer-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in a dose-dependent manner, promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in spinal cord neurons, and inhibited the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory axis induced by BCP. However, concurrent administration of the PPAR-γ antagonist GW9662 reversed these effects. The results show that rosiglitazone inhibits the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammation axis by activating PPAR-γ in spinal neurons, thereby alleviating BCP. Therefore, the PPAR-γ/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway may be a potential target for the treatment of BCP in the future.
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18
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Fu J, Ni C, Ni H, Xu L, He Q, Pan H, Huang D, Sun Y, Luo G, Liu M, Yao M. Spinal Nrf2 translocation may inhibit neuronal NF-κB activation and alleviate allodynia in a rat model of bone cancer pain. J Neurochem 2021; 158:1110-1130. [PMID: 34254317 PMCID: PMC9292887 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bone cancer pain (BCP) is a clinical pathology that urgently needs to be solved, but research on the mechanism of BCP has so far achieved limited success. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been shown to be involved in pain, but its involvement in BCP and the specific mechanism have yet to be examined. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that BCP induces the transfer of Nrf2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and further promotes nuclear transcription to activate heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and inhibit the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling, ultimately regulating the neuroinflammatory response. Von-Frey was used for behavioural analysis in rats with BCP, whereas western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect molecular expression changes, and immunofluorescence was used to detect cellular localization. We demonstrated that BCP induced increased Nrf2 nuclear protein expression with decreased cytoplasmic protein expression in the spinal cord. Further increases in Nrf2 nuclear protein expression can alleviate hyperalgesia and activate HO-1 to inhibit the expression of NF-κB nuclear protein and inflammatory factors. Strikingly, intrathecal administration of the corresponding siRNA reversed the above effects. In addition, the results of double immune labelling revealed that Nrf2 and NF-κB were coexpressed in spinal cord neurons of rats with BCP. In summary, these findings suggest that the entry of Nrf2 into the nucleus promotes the expression of HO-1, inhibiting activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway, reducing neuroinflammation and ultimately exerting an anti-nociceptive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Chaobo Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Hua‐Dong Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Long‐Sheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Qiu‐Li He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Huan Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Dong‐Dong Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Yan‐Bao Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Ge Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Ming‐Juan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research CenterThe First Hospital of Jiaxing or The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingChina
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Abcouwer SF, Shanmugam S, Muthusamy A, Lin CM, Kong D, Hager H, Liu X, Antonetti DA. Inflammatory resolution and vascular barrier restoration after retinal ischemia reperfusion injury. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:186. [PMID: 34446062 PMCID: PMC8394696 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several retinal pathologies exhibit both inflammation and breakdown of the inner blood-retinal barrier (iBRB) resulting in vascular permeability, suggesting that treatments that trigger resolution of inflammation may also promote iBRB restoration. Methods Using the mouse retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury model, we followed the time course of neurodegeneration, inflammation, and iBRB disruption and repair to examine the relationship between resolution of inflammation and iBRB restoration and to determine if minocycline, a tetracycline derivative shown to reverse microglial activation, can hasten these processes. Results A 90-min ischemic insult followed by reperfusion in the retina induced cell apoptosis and inner retina thinning that progressed for approximately 2 weeks. IR increased vascular permeability within hours, which resolved between 3 and 4 weeks after injury. Increased vascular permeability coincided with alteration and loss of endothelial cell tight junction (TJ) protein content and disorganization of TJ protein complexes. Shunting of blood flow away from leaky vessels and dropout of leaky capillaries were eliminated as possible mechanisms for restoring the iBRB. Repletion of TJ protein contents occurred within 2 days after injury, long before restoration of the iBRB. In contrast, the eventual re-organization of TJ complexes at the cell border coincided with restoration of the barrier. A robust inflammatory response was evident a 1 day after IR and progressed to resolution over the 4-week time course. The inflammatory response included a rapid and transient infiltration of granulocytes and Ly6C+ classical inflammatory monocytes, a slow accumulation of Ly6Cneg monocyte/macrophages, and activation, proliferation, and mobilization of resident microglia. Extravasation of the majority of CD45+ leukocytes occurred from the superficial plexus. The presence of monocyte/macrophages and increased numbers of microglia were sustained until the iBRB was eventually restored. Intervention with minocycline to reverse microglial activation at 1 week after injury promoted early restoration of the iBRB coinciding with decreased expression of mRNAs for the microglial M1 markers TNF-α, IL-1β, and Ptgs2 (Cox-2) and increased expression of secreted serine protease inhibitor Serpina3n mRNA. Conclusions These results suggest that iBRB restoration occurs as TJ complexes are reorganized and that resolution of inflammation and restoration of the iBRB following retinal IR injury are functionally linked. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02237-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F Abcouwer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
| | - Sumathi Shanmugam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | | | - Cheng-Mao Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Dejuan Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Heather Hager
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Xuwen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - David A Antonetti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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TRAF6 Contributes to CFA-Induced Spinal Microglial Activation and Chronic Inflammatory Pain in Mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1543-1555. [PMID: 33694132 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) has been reported to be expressed in spinal astrocytes and is involved in neuropathic pain. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanism of TRAF6 in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-evoked chronic inflammatory hypersensitivity and the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on TRAF6 expression and inflammatory pain. We found that TRAF6 was dominantly increased in microglia at the spinal level after intraplantar injection of CFA. Intrathecal TRAF6 siRNA alleviated CFA-triggered allodynia and reversed the upregulation of IBA-1 (microglia marker). In addition, intrathecal administration of DHA inhibited CFA-induced upregulation of TRAF6 and IBA-1 in the spinal cord and attenuated CFA-evoked mechanical allodynia. Furthermore, DHA prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-caused increase of TRAF6 and IBA-1 in both BV2 cell line and primary cultured microglia. Finally, intrathecal DHA reduced LPS-induced upregulation of spinal TRAF6 and IBA-1, and alleviated LPS-induced mechanical allodynia. Our findings indicate that TRAF6 contributes to pain hypersensitivity via regulating microglial activation in the spinal dorsal horn. Direct inhibition of TRAF6 by siRNA or indirect inhibition by DHA may have therapeutic effects on chronic inflammatory pain.
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21
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Li Y, Yang Y, Guo J, Guo X, Feng Z, Zhao X. Spinal NF-kB upregulation contributes to hyperalgesia in a rat model of advanced osteoarthritis. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920905691. [PMID: 31971058 PMCID: PMC7040927 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920905691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) pain is the most common joint pain. Currently, dysfunction in the central nervous system rather than knee joint degeneration is considered to be the major cause of chronic knee OA pain; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore whether spinal NF-κB plays a critical role in chronic knee OA pain. In this study, we used a model induced by the intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate. Spinal NF-κB and the phosphorylation and activation status of NF-κB p65/RelA (p-p65) were inhibited by the intrathecal injection of the inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in this model. After behavioral assessment, the knee was dissected for histopathology, and the spinal cord was dissected and examined for NF-κB, p-p65, and cytokine expression. Furthermore, the quantity and activity of neurons, astrocytes, and microglial cells and their colocalization with p-p65 in the spinal dorsal horn were investigated. Our findings included the following: (1) histology, the pathological changes in the joints of the knee OA model were basically consistent with knee OA patients; (2) the protein and transcription levels of NF-κB/p65 and p-p65 increased before day 14, appeared to decrease on day 21 and increased again on day 28, and the tendency of weight bearing was similar; (3) on days 21 and 28, the intrathecal injection of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate markedly prevented the monosodium iodoacetate-induced reduction in the paw withdrawal threshold; (4) real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the expression of TNF-α and IL-33 was suppressed in the knee OA model by the intrathecal injection of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; and (5) immunofluorescence revealed that astrocytes were activated and that p-p65 was mainly increased in astrocytes. Our findings indicate that the spinal NF-κB/p65 pathway in astrocytes modulates neuroimmunity in rat model of intra-articular monosodium iodoacetate-induced advanced OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunze Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinwan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xuejiao Guo
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Feng
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuli Zhao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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22
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Yang T, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Zhang L, Chen S, Chen C, Gao F, Yang H, Manyande A, Wang J, Tian Y, Tian X. The Spinal α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Contributes to the Maintenance of Cancer-Induced Bone Pain. J Pain Res 2021; 14:441-452. [PMID: 33623426 PMCID: PMC7894822 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s286321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is acknowledged as a multifactorial chronic pain that tortures advanced cancer patients, but existing treatment strategies for CIBP have not been satisfactory yet. Investigators have demonstrated that the activation of α7-nAChRs exerts analgesic effects in some chronic pain models. However, the role of spinal α7-nAChRs in CIBP remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the role of α7-nAChRs in a well-established CIBP model induced by Walker 256 rat mammary gland carcinoma cells. Methods The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) of the ipsilateral hind paw was measured using von Frey filament. The expressions of spinal α7-nAChRs and NF-κB were measured with Western blotting analysis. Immunofluorescence was employed to detect the expression of α7-nAChRs and co-expressed of α7-nAChRs with NeuN or GFAP or Iba1. Results Experiment results showed that the expression of spinal α7-nAChRs was significantly downregulated over time in CIBP rats, and in both CIBP rats and sham rats, most of the α7-nAChRs located in neurons. Behavioral data suggested PNU-282,987, a selective α7-nAChRs agonist, dose-dependently produced analgesic effect and positive allosteric modulator could intensify its effects. Further, repeated administration of PNU-282,987 reversed the expression of α7-nAChRs, inhibited the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and attenuates CIBP-induced mechanical allodynia state as well. Conclusion These results suggest that the reduced expression of spinal α7-nAChRs contributes to the maintenance of CIBP by upregulating NF-κB expression, which implying a novel pharmacological therapeutic target for the treatment of CIBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Longqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Anne Manyande
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University of West London, London, UK
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuke Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebi Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Midavaine É, Côté J, Marchand S, Sarret P. Glial and neuroimmune cell choreography in sexually dimorphic pain signaling. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:168-192. [PMID: 33582232 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a major global health issue that affects all populations regardless of sex, age, ethnicity/race, or country of origin, leading to persistent physical and emotional distress and to the loss of patients' autonomy and quality of life. Despite tremendous efforts in the elucidation of the mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic pain, the identification of new potential pain targets, and the development of novel analgesics, the pharmacological treatment options available for pain management remain limited, and most novel pain medications have failed to achieve advanced clinical development, leaving many patients with unbearable and undermanaged pain. Sex-specific susceptibility to chronic pain conditions as well as sex differences in pain sensitivity, pain tolerance and analgesic efficacy are increasingly recognized in the literature and have thus prompted scientists to seek mechanistic explanations. Hence, recent findings have highlighted that the signaling mechanisms underlying pain hypersensitivity are sexually dimorphic, which sheds light on the importance of conducting preclinical and clinical pain research on both sexes and of developing sex-specific pain medications. This review thus focuses on the clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the existence of sex differences in pain neurobiology. Attention is drawn to the sexually dimorphic role of glial and immune cells, which are both recognized as key players in neuroglial maladaptive plasticity at the origin of the transition from acute pain to chronic pathological pain. Growing evidence notably attributes to microglial cells a pivotal role in the sexually dimorphic pain phenotype and in the sexually dimorphic analgesic efficacy of opioids. This review also summarizes the recent advances in understanding the pathobiology underpinning the development of pain hypersensitivity in both males and females in different types of pain conditions, with particular emphasis on the mechanistic signaling pathways driving sexually dimorphic pain responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élora Midavaine
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jérôme Côté
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Serge Marchand
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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Xie M, Cheng M, Wang B, Jiao M, Yu L, Zhu H. 2-Bromopalmitate attenuates inflammatory pain by maintaining mitochondrial fission/fusion balance and function. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:72-84. [PMID: 33253369 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pain activates astrocytes and increases inflammatory cytokine release in the spinal cord. Mitochondrial fusion and fission rely on the functions of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), which are essential for the synaptic transmission and plasticity. In the present study, we aimed to explore the effects of 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP), an inhibitor of protein palmitoylation, on the modulation of pain behavior. Rats were intraplantar injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) to establish an inflammatory pain model. In the spinal cord of rats with CFA-induced inflammatory pain, the expression of astrocyte-specific glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and contents of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were increased. Mitochondrial Drp1 was increased, while OPA1 was decreased. Consequently, CFA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) expression. The intrathecal administration of 2-BP significantly reversed the pain behaviors of the inflammatory pain in rats. Moreover, 2-BP also reduced the Drp1 expression, elevated the OPA1 expression, and further reduced the GFAP, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression and ROS production. Furthermore, in vitro study proved a similar effect of 2-BP on the regulation of Drp1 and OPA1 expression. 2-BP also increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased the levels of BAX, ROS, and proinflammatory cytokines. These results indicate that 2-BP may attenuate the inflammatory pain of CFA-treated rats via regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion balance and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Menglin Cheng
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Bojun Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ming Jiao
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Liangzhu Yu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Haili Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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Cawthon CR, Kirkland RA, Pandya S, Brinson NA, de La Serre CB. Non-neuronal crosstalk promotes an inflammatory response in nodose ganglia cultures after exposure to byproducts from gram positive, high-fat-diet-associated gut bacteria. Physiol Behav 2020; 226:113124. [PMID: 32763334 PMCID: PMC7530053 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vagal afferent neurons (VAN) projecting to the lamina propria of the digestive tract are the primary source of gut-originating signals to the central nervous system (CNS). VAN cell bodies are found in the nodose ganglia (NG). Responsiveness of VAN to gut-originating signals is altered by feeding status with sensitivity to satiety signals such as cholecystokinin (CCK) increasing in the fed state. Chronic high-fat (HF) feeding results in inflammation at the level of the NG associated with a loss of VAN ability to switch phenotype from the fasted to the fed state. HF feeding also leads to compositional changes in the gut microbiota. HF diet consumption notably drives increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes phyla ratio and increased members of the Actinobacteria phylum. Firmicutes and Actinobacteria are largely gram positive (GP). In this study, we aimed to determine if byproducts from GP bacteria can induce an inflammatory response in cultured NG and to characterize the mechanism and cell types involved in the response. NG were collected from male Wistar rats and cultured for a total of 72 hours. At 48-68 hours after plating, cultures were treated with neuronal culture media in which Serinicoccus chungangensis had been grown and removed (SUP), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), or meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP). Some treatments included the glial inhibitors minocycline (MINO) and/or fluorocitrate (FC). The responses were evaluated using immunocytochemistry, qPCR, and electrochemiluminescence. We found that SUP induced an inflammatory response characterized by increased interleukin (IL)-6 staining and increased expression of genes for IL-6, interferon (IFN)γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α along with genes associated with cell-to-cell communication such as C-C motif chemokine ligand-2 (CCL2). Inclusion of inhibitors attenuated some responses but failed to completely normalize all indications of response, highlighting the role of immunocompetent cellular crosstalk in regulating the inflammatory response. LTA and meso-DAP produced responses that shared characteristics with SUP but were not identical. Our results support a role for HF associated GP bacterial byproducts' ability to contribute to vagal inflammation and to engage signaling from nonneuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina R Cawthon
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia30602, United States
| | - Rebecca A Kirkland
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia30602, United States
| | - Shreya Pandya
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia30602, United States
| | - Nigel A Brinson
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia30602, United States
| | - Claire B de La Serre
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia30602, United States.
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Ling D, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhu C, Wang Z. Morphine inhibits the promotion of inflammatory microenvironment on chronic tibial cancer pain through the PI3K-Akt-NF-κB pathway. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:6868-6878. [PMID: 33194078 PMCID: PMC7653610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory microenvironment is critical in the transmission of advanced cancer pain. This paper will study how morphine ameliorates advanced cancer pain through inflammatory microenvironment. METHODS Fifty female healthy rats were selected and divided into control group, sham group, model group, morphine group and morphine + 740YP group by random number table. At the left tibia, rats in the model, morphine and morphine + 740YP groups received Walker256 cells injection, while those in the sham group received an equal amount of Hank solution. The control group received no treatment. After modeling, the rats' spontaneous pain behavior, paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were measured and statistically analyzed. The protein levels of PI3K, Akt, NF-κB and pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α/IL-1β/IL-6/IL-17a) in rats were detected. Rat left dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells were extracted and treated with 10, 20 and 30 μmol/L morphine to observe their effects on the cells. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the model group presented increased spontaneous pain behavior and PWTL, decreased PWMT, and reduced mechanical pain threshold, as well as enhanced levels of PI3K, Akt, NF-κB and pro-inflammatory factors in vivo as compared to the control group. While the morphine group showed less spontaneous pain behavior and PWTL, increased PWMT, and down-regulated PI3K, Akt, NF-κB and pro-inflammatory factors in vivo in comparison with the model group. After morphine treatment, the apoptosis of DRG cells decreased and the cell activity increased, while PI3K, Akt, NF-κB and pro-inflammatory factors levels decreased. Morphine affected DRG cells in a dose-dependent manner. Up-regulation of PI3K could counteract the inhibitory effect of morphine on chronic tibial cancer pain. CONCLUSIONS Morphine inhibits the promotion of inflammatory microenvironment on chronic tibial cancer pain via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, and the regulation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway can improve the therapeutic effect of morphine on chronic tibial cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyang Ling
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenwu Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaya Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhui Zhu
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheyin Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
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Shu B, He SQ, Guan Y. Spinal Cord Stimulation Enhances Microglial Activation in the Spinal Cord of Nerve-Injured Rats. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:1441-1453. [PMID: 32889636 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia can modulate spinal nociceptive transmission. Yet, their role in spinal cord stimulation (SCS)-induced pain inhibition is unclear. Here, we examined how SCS affects microglial activation in the lumbar cord of rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Male rats received conventional SCS (50 Hz, 80% motor threshold, 180 min, 2 sessions/day) or sham stimulation on days 18-20 post-CCI. SCS transiently attenuated the mechanical hypersensitivity in the ipsilateral hind paw and increased OX-42 immunoreactivity in the bilateral dorsal horns. SCS also upregulated the mRNAs of M1-like markers, but not M2-like markers. Inducible NOS protein expression was increased, but brain-derived neurotrophic factor was decreased after SCS. Intrathecal minocycline (1 μg-100 μg), which inhibits microglial activation, dose-dependently attenuated the mechanical hypersensitivity. Pretreatment with low-dose minocycline (1 μg, 30 min) prolonged the SCS-induced pain inhibition. These findings suggest that conventional SCS may paradoxically increase spinal M1-like microglial activity and thereby compromise its own ability to inhibit pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shao-Qiu He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Xiong B, Zhang W, Zhang L, Huang X, Zhou W, Zou Q, Manyande A, Wang J, Tian Y, Tian X. Hippocampal glutamatergic synapses impairment mediated novel-object recognition dysfunction in rats with neuropathic pain. Pain 2020; 161:1824-1836. [PMID: 32701842 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is one of the most common complications associated with chronic pain. Almost 20% of chronic pain patients suffer from cognitive impairment, which may substantially influence their quality of life. Levels of major excitatory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system and alterations in the glutamatergic system may influence cognitive function and the pain sensory pathway. In this study, we adopted the spared nerve injury model to establish the progress of chronic pain and investigated the mechanism underlying the cognitive aspect related to it. At behavioral level, using the novel-object recognition test, mechanical hypersensitivity was observed in peripheral nerve-injured rats because they exhibited recognition deficits. We showed a dramatic decrease in hippocampal glutamate concentration using nuclear magnetic resonance and reduced glutamatergic synaptic transmission using whole-cell recordings. These were associated with deficient hippocampal long-term potentiation induced by high-frequency stimulation of the Schaffer collateral afferent. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography revealed lower levels of D-serine in the hippocampus of the spared nerve injury rats and that D-serine treatment could restore synaptic plasticity and cognitive dysfunction. The reduction of excitatory synapses was also increased by administering D-serine. These findings suggest that chronic pain has a critical effect on synaptic plasticity linked to cognitive function and may built up a new target for the development of cognitive impairment under chronic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Longqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenchang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Zou
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Anne Manyande
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University of West London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuke Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuebi Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Li T, Liu T, Chen X, Li L, Feng M, Zhang Y, Wan L, Zhang C, Yao W. Microglia induce the transformation of A1/A2 reactive astrocytes via the CXCR7/PI3K/Akt pathway in chronic post-surgical pain. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:211. [PMID: 32665021 PMCID: PMC7362409 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Activated astrocytes play important roles in chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP). Recent studies have shown reactive astrocytes are classified into A1 and A2 phenotypes, but their precise roles in CPSP remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the roles of spinal cord A1 and A2 astrocytes and related mechanisms in CPSP. Methods We used a skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) model to establish a rat CPSP model. Microglia, CXCR7, and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathways were regulated by intrathecal injections of minocycline (a non-specific microglial inhibitor), AMD3100 (a CXCR7 agonist), and LY294002 (a specific PI3K inhibitor), respectively. Mechanical allodynia was detected with von Frey filaments. The changes in microglia, A1 astrocytes, A2 astrocytes, CXCR7, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot, and immunofluorescence. Results Microglia were found to be activated, with an increase in interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and complement component 1q (C1q) in the spinal cord at an early stage after SMIR. On day 14 after SMIR, spinal cord astrocytes were also activated; these were mainly of the A1 phenotype and less of the A2 phenotype. Intrathecal injection of minocycline relieved SMIR-induced mechanical allodynia and reverted the ratio of A1/A2 reactive astrocytes. The expression of CXCR7 and PI3K/Akt signaling was decreased after SMIR, while they were increased after treatment with minocycline. Furthermore, intrathecal injection of AMD3100 also relieved SMIR-induced mechanical allodynia, reverted the ratio of A1/A2 reactive astrocytes, and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, similar to the effects produced by minocycline. However, intrathecal injection of AMD3100 did not increase the analgesic effect of minocycline. Last, LY294002 inhibited the analgesic effect and A1/A2 transformation induced by minocycline and AMD3100 after SMIR. Conclusion Our results indicated that microglia induce the transformation of astrocytes to the A1 phenotype in the spinal cord via downregulation of the CXCR7/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway during CPSP. Reverting A1 reactive astrocytes to A2 may represent a new strategy for preventing CPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Yang B, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Ruan J, Luo L, Long F, Tang D. Chanling Gao Attenuates Bone Cancer Pain in Rats by the IKKβ/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:525. [PMID: 32431607 PMCID: PMC7214814 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer pain is one of the most common and serious symptoms of cancer patients. At present, the agents used for the prevention or treatment of cancer pain do not act with optimal safety and efficacy. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and its downstream inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) play an important regulatory role in the developmental process of cancer pain. IKKβ is a key molecule of the IκB (IKK) kinase that propagates cellular responses to inflammation. Previous studies have shown that phosphorylation and degradation of the IκBα protein promotes the activation of NF-κB and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, participating in the formation and development of cancer pain. Chanling Gao (CLG) is a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine. It contains specific functions, namely nourishing Yin, activating blood circulation and relieving pain and dysfunction syndrome. It is used in the treatment of a variety of pain disorders including cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP), which has a certain relief effect. However, its mechanism of action still remains unclear. In the present study, a rat model of tibia CIBP was successfully established using the Walker 256 breast cancer cell line. The IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway and its related factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were used as the entry points to explore the effect of CLG on CIBP and their possible mechanisms of action. The results indicated that CLG improved the body mass of the CIBP rat model and increased the pain threshold in rats. CLG significantly inhibited the degradation of IκBα and the levels of p-IκBα, p-IKKβ, and p-p65 NF-κB proteins in the spinal cord of CIBP rats, inhibiting the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Therefore, we conclude that the analgesic effect of CLG in this rat model of CIBP may be related to the inhibition of the IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway and the reduction of synthesis and release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Oncology Team, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Party Committee Office, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinghua Ruan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Oncology, Guihang Guiyang Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Fengxi Long
- Graduate School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Dongxin Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Bao M, Zhang K, Wei Y, Hua W, Gao Y, Li X, Ye L. Therapeutic potentials and modulatory mechanisms of fatty acids in bone. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12735. [PMID: 31797479 PMCID: PMC7046483 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is a lifelong process that includes bone formation and resorption. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are the predominant cell types associated with bone metabolism, which is facilitated by other cells such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), osteocytes and chondrocytes. As an important component in our daily diet, fatty acids are mainly categorized as long-chain fatty acids including polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs), saturated fatty acids (LCSFAs), medium-/short-chain fatty acids (MCFAs/SCFAs) as well as their metabolites. Fatty acids are closely associated with bone metabolism and associated bone disorders. In this review, we summarized the important roles and potential therapeutic implications of fatty acids in multiple bone disorders, reviewed the diverse range of critical effects displayed by fatty acids on bone metabolism, and elucidated their modulatory roles and mechanisms on specific bone cell types. The evidence supporting close implications of fatty acids in bone metabolism and disorders suggests fatty acids as potential therapeutic and nutritional agents for the treatment and prevention of metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yangyini Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Weihan Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yanzi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesDepartment of Cariology and EndodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Dai J, Ding Z, Zhang J, Xu W, Guo Q, Zou W, Xiong Y, Weng Y, Yang Y, Chen S, Zhang JM, Song Z. Minocycline Relieves Depressive-Like Behaviors in Rats With Bone Cancer Pain by Inhibiting Microglia Activation in Hippocampus. Anesth Analg 2019; 129:1733-1741. [PMID: 31743195 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain and depression are highly prevalent symptoms in cancer patients. They tend to occur simultaneously and affect each other and share biological pathways and neurotransmitters. In this study, we investigated the roles of microglia in the hippocampus in the comorbidity of bone cancer pain and depressive-like behaviors in an animal model of bone cancer pain. METHODS Bone cancer pain was induced by injection of Walker 256 mammary gland carcinoma cells into the tibia of rats. The effects of intracerebroventricular administration of microglia inhibitor minocycline were examined. RESULTS Carcinoma intratibia injection caused comorbidity of mechanical allodynia and depressive-like behaviors in rats and activation of microglia in the hippocampus. Both mechanical allodynia and depressive-like behaviors were attenuated by minocycline. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis showed that the enhanced expressions of M1 microglia marker (CD 86) and the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in the hippocampus of cancer-bearing rats were decreased by minocycline. On the other hand, minocycline also increased the expressions of M2 microglia marker (MRC1) and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the activation of microglia in the hippocampus plays an important role in the development of pain and depressive-like behaviors in bone cancer condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dai
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ding
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wangyuan Zou
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunchuan Xiong
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingqi Weng
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati, Pain Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jun-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati, Pain Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Zongbin Song
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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The endocannabinoid system: Novel targets for treating cancer induced bone pain. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109504. [PMID: 31627091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) continues to be a major clinical challenge and underlying mechanisms of CIBP remain unclear. Recently, emerging body of evidence suggested the endocannabinoid system (ECS) may play essential roles in CIBP. Here, we summarized the current understanding of the antinociceptive mechanisms of endocannabinoids in CIBP and discussed the beneficial effects of endocannabinoid for CIBP treatment. Targeting non-selective cannabinoid 1 receptors or selective cannabinoid 2 receptors, and modulation of peripheral AEA and 2-AG, as well as the inhibition the function of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) have produced analgesic effects in animal models of CIBP. Management of ECS therefore appears to be a promising way for the treatment of CIBP in terms of efficacy and safety. Further clinical studies are encouraged to confirm the possible translation to humans of the very promising results already obtained in the preclinical studies.
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Li YN, Gao ZW, Li R, Zhang YF, Zhu QS, Huang F. Aquaporin 4 regulation by ginsenoside Rb1 intervenes with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced astrocyte injury. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17591. [PMID: 31626131 PMCID: PMC6824638 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCII) is a common complication of spinal surgery as well as thoracic and abdominal surgery. Acute cytotoxic edema is the key pathogenic alteration. Therefore, avoiding or decreasing cellular edema has become the major target for SCII treatment. METHODS The antiedema activity of ginsenoside Rb1 on aquaporin (AQP) 4, nerve growth factor (NGF), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression was detected by western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in a rat astrocyte model in vitro. In addition, the cellular membrane permeability of AQP4 overexpressing cells or AQP4 small interfering RNA-transfected cells was detected. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rb1 significantly prevented OGD/R-induced AQP4 downregulation in rat astrocytes. In addition, ginsenoside Rb1 treatment or AQP4 overexpression in rat astrocytes significantly attenuated the OGD/R-induced increase of cellular membrane permeability. Moreover, ginsenoside Rb1 obviously prevented the OGD/R-induced decrease of NGF and BDNT expression in rat astrocytes. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that ginsenoside Rb1 can relieve spinal cord edema and improve neurological function by increasing AQP4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Department of Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Jilin University
| | - Zhong-Wen Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Qing-San Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
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Pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential target for cancer-induced bone pain. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Weiler J, Dittmar T. Minocycline impairs TNF-α-induced cell fusion of M13SV1-Cre cells with MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cells by suppressing NF-κB transcriptional activity and its induction of target-gene expression of fusion-relevant factors. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:71. [PMID: 31266502 PMCID: PMC6604204 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, several studies have confirmed that driving forces of the inflammatory tumour microenvironment trigger spontaneous cancer cell fusion. However, less is known about the underlying factors and mechanisms that facilitate inflammation-induced cell fusion of a cancer cell with a normal cell. Recently, we demonstrated that minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, successfully inhibited the TNF-α-induced fusion of MDA-MB-435 cancer cells with M13SV1 breast epithelial cells. Here, we investigated how minocycline interferes with the TNF-α induced signal transduction pathway. Methods A Cre-LoxP recombination system was used to quantify the fusion of MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cancer cells and M13SV1-Cre breast epithelial cells. The impact of minocycline on the TNF-α signalling pathway was determined by western blotting. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB was characterised by immunocytochemistry, western blot and ChIP analyses. An NF-κB-luciferase reporter assay was indicative of NF-κB activity. Results Minocycline treatment successfully inhibited the TNFR1-TRAF2 interaction in both cell types, while minocycline abrogated the phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB-p65 to suppress nuclear NF-κB and its promotor activity only in M13SV1-Cre cells, which attenuated the expression of MMP9 and ICAM1. In MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cells, minocycline increased the activity of NF-κB, leading to greater nuclear accumulation of NF-κB-p65, thus increasing promoter activity to stimulate the expression of ICAM1. Even though TNF-α also activated all MAPKs (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK), minocycline differentially affected these kinases to either inhibit or stimulate their activation. Moreover, SRC activation was analysed as an upstream activator of MAPKs, but no activation by TNF-α was revealed. The addition of several specific inhibitors that block the activation of SRC, MAPKs, AP-1 and NF-κB confirmed that only NF-κB inhibition was successful in inhibiting the TNF-α-induced cell fusion process. Conclusion Minocycline is a potent inhibitor in the TNF-α-induced cell fusion process by targeting the NF-κB pathway. Thus, minocycline prevented NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation to abolish the target-gene expression of MMP9 and ICAM1 in M13SV1-Cre cells, resulting in reduced cell fusion frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Weiler
- Institute of Immunology, Centre of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Centre of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany.
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Spinal microglia contribute to cancer-induced pain through system x C --mediated glutamate release. Pain Rep 2019; 4:e738. [PMID: 31583353 PMCID: PMC6749914 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Microglial cells, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, are a key contributor to the generation and maintenance of cancer-induced pain (CIP). In healthy organisms, activated microglia promote recovery through the release of trophic and anti-inflammatory factors to clear toxins and pathogens and support neuronal survival. Chronically activated microglia, however, release toxic substances, including excess glutamate, causing cytotoxicity. Accordingly, rising attention is given to microglia for their role in abnormal physiology and in mediating neurotoxicity. Objectives: To examine the nociceptive relationship between peripherally-released glutamate and microglial xCT. Methods: A validated murine model of 4T1 carcinoma cell–induced nociception was used to assess the effect of peripheral tumour on spinal microglial activation and xCT expression. Coculture systems were then used to investigate the direct effect of glutamate released by wildtype and xCT knockdown MDA-MB-231 carcinoma cells on microglial activation, functional system xC− activity, and protein levels of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), a transcription factor implicated in microglia-mediated nociception. Results: Blockade of system xC− with sulfasalazine (SSZ) in vivo attenuated nociception in a 4T1 murine model of CIP and attenuates tumour-induced microglial activation in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Furthermore, knockdown of xCT in MDA-MB-231 cells mitigated tumour cell–induced microglial activation and functional system xC− activity in vitro. Conclusions: These data collectively demonstrate that the system xCT antiporter is functionally implicated in CIP and may be particularly relevant to pain progression through microglia. Upregulated xCT in chronically activated spinal microglia may be one pathway to central glutamate cytotoxicity. Microglial xCT may therefore be a valuable target for mitigating CIP.
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Borghi SM, Fattori V, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Domiciano TP, Miranda-Sapla MM, Zaninelli TH, Casagrande R, Pinge-Filho P, Pavanelli WR, Alves-Filho JC, Cunha FQ, Cunha TM, Verri WA. Contribution of spinal cord glial cells to L. amazonensis experimental infection-induced pain in BALB/c mice. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:113. [PMID: 31138231 PMCID: PMC6540403 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cellular and molecular pathophysiological mecha\nisms of pain processing in neglected parasitic infections such as leishmaniasis remain unknown. The present study evaluated the participation of spinal cord glial cells in the pathophysiology of pain induced by Leishmania amazonensis infection in BALB/c mice. Methods Mice received intra-plantar (i.pl.) injection of L. amazonensis (1 × 105) and hyperalgesia, and paw edema were evaluated bilaterally for 40 days. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, MPO activity, and histopathology were assessed on the 40th day. ATF3 mRNA expression was assessed in DRG cells at the 30th day post-infection. Blood TNF-α and IL-1β levels and systemic parasite burden were evaluated 5–40 days after the infection. At the 30th day post-infection L. amazonensis, the effects of intrathecal (i.t.) treatments with neutralizing antibody anti-CX3CL1, etanercept (soluble TNFR2 receptor), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) on infection-induced hyperalgesia and paw edema were assessed. In another set of experiments, we performed a time course analysis of spinal cord GFAP and Iba-1 (astrocytes and microglia markers, respectively) and used confocal immunofluorescence and Western blot to confirm the expression at the protein level. Selective astrocyte (α-aminoadipate) and microglia (minocycline) inhibitors were injected i.t. to determine the contribution of these cells to hyperalgesia and paw edema. The effects of i.t. treatments with glial and NFκB (PDTC) inhibitors on spinal glial activation, TNF-α, IL-1β, CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 mRNA expression, and NFκB activation were also evaluated. Finally, the contribution of TNF-α and IL-1β to CX3CL1 mRNA expression was investigated. Results L. amazonensis infection induced chronic mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia and paw edema in the infected paw. Mechanical hyperalgesia was also observed in the contralateral paw. TNF-α, IL-1β, MPO activity, and epidermal/dermal thickness increased in the infected paw, which confirmed the peripheral inflammation at the primary foci of this infection. ATF3 mRNA expression at the ipsilateral DRG of the infected paw was unaltered 30 days post-infection. TNF-α and IL-1β blood levels were not changed over the time course of disease, and parasitism increased in a time-dependent manner in the ipsilateral draining lymph node. Treatments targeting CX3CL1, TNF-α, and IL-1β inhibited L. amazonensis-induced ongoing mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, but not paw edema. A time course of GFAP, Iba-1, and CX3CR1 mRNA expression indicated spinal activation of astrocytes and microglia, which was confirmed at the GFAP and Iba-1 protein level at the peak of mRNA expression (30th day). Selective astrocyte and microglia inhibition diminished infection-induced ipsilateral mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia, and contralateral mechanical hyperalgesia, but not ipsilateral paw edema. Targeting astrocytes, microglia and NFκB diminished L. amazonensis-induced GFAP, Iba-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 mRNA expression, and NFκB activation in the spinal cord at the peak of spinal cord glial cells activation. CX3CL1 mRNA expression was also detected in the ipsilateral DRG of infected mice at the 30th day post-infection, and the i.t. injection of TNF-α or IL-1β in naïve animals induced CX3CL1 mRNA expression in the spinal cord and ipsilateral DRG. Conclusions L. amazonensis skin infection produces chronic pain by central mechanisms involving spinal cord astrocytes and microglia-related production of cytokines and chemokines, and NFκB activation contributes to L. amazonensis infection-induced hyperalgesia and neuroinflammation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-019-1496-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M Borghi
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil.,Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná - Unopar, Rua Marselha, 591, Jardim Piza, Londrina, Paraná, 86041-140, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Felipe A Pinho-Ribeiro
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Talita P Domiciano
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Milena M Miranda-Sapla
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Tiago H Zaninelli
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, University Hospital, Londrina State University, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Londrina, Paraná, 86038-350, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Wander R Pavanelli
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Jose C Alves-Filho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departament of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445, Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86057-970, Brazil.
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Zhou YQ, Liu DQ, Chen SP, Sun J, Zhou XR, Xing C, Ye DW, Tian YK. The Role of CXCR3 in Neurological Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:142-150. [PMID: 29119926 PMCID: PMC6343204 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171109161140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological diseases have become an obvious challenge due to insufficient therapeutic intervention. Therefore, novel drugs for various neurological disorders are in desperate need. Recently, compelling evidence has demonstrated that chemokine receptor CXCR3, which is a G protein-coupled receptor in the CXC chemokine receptor family, may play a pivotal role in the development of neurological diseases. The aim of this review is to provide evidence for the potential of CXCR3 as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases. METHODS English journal articles that focused on the invovlement of CXCR3 in neurological diseases were searched via PubMed up to May 2017. Moreover, reference lists from identified articles were included for overviews. RESULTS The expression level of CXCR3 in T cells was significantly elevated in several neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), glioma, Alzheimer's disease (AD), chronic pain, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and bipolar disorder. CXCR3 antagonists showed therapeutic effects in these neurological diseases. CONCLUSION These studies provided hard evidence that CXCR3 plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of MS, glioma, AD, chronic pain, HAM/TSP and bipolar disorder. CXCR3 is a crucial molecule in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. It regulates the activation of infiltrating cells and resident immune cells. However, the exact functions of CXCR3 in neurological diseases are inconclusive. Thus, it is important to understand the topic of chemokines and the scope of their activity in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qun Zhou
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dai-Qiang Liu
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Ping Chen
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Rong Zhou
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Xing
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Ke Tian
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Yao FD, Yang JQ, Huang YC, Luo MP, Yang WJ, Zhang B, Liu XJ. Antinociceptive effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 in a rat model of cancer-induced bone pain. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3859-3866. [PMID: 30988771 PMCID: PMC6447891 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) is a major ingredient of ginseng, a traditional medicine that has been used for thousands of years. Previous studies have reported that GRb1 had anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The current study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of GRb1 in a rat model of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) established by intratibial injection of Walker 256 cells. Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of GRb1 (5 and 10 mg/kg, but not 1 mg/kg) partially and transiently reversed the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in CIBP rats at 14 days following surgery when the pain behavior is established. Furthermore, repeated administration of GRb1 demonstrated persistent analgesic effect. Additionally, the protein expression and immunoreactivity of iba1, which is the maker of microglia, was significantly suppressed in CIBP rats treated with GRb1 (i.p., 10 mg/kg) from day 12 for three consecutive days compared with CIBP rats treated with a vehicle. Furthermore, upregulation of spinal interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were also significantly inhibited by the treatment of GRb1 (i.p., 10 mg/kg) from day 12 for three consecutive days. Together, these results indicated that GRb1 may attenuate CIBP via inhibiting the activation of microglia and glial-derived proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Dong Yao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Qi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Chi Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Peng Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Pain, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Hospital of Xi'an City, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, P.R. China
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Meng W, Hao MM, Yu N, Li MY, Ding JQ, Wang BH, Zhu HL, Xie M. 2-Bromopalmitate attenuates bone cancer pain via reversing mitochondrial fusion and fission imbalance in spinal astrocytes. Mol Pain 2019; 15:1744806919871813. [PMID: 31394961 PMCID: PMC6710711 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919871813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain is common in patients with advanced cancers as tumors metastasize to bone. Pathogenesis of bone cancer pain is complex and poorly understood which leads to inefficiency of clinical treatment. During pathological pain status, astrocytes are activated and release various inflammatory cytokines, which result in the development of peripheral and central sensitization. As energy factory, mitochondria undergo frequent fusion and fission and play essential role for astrocyte function. 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP) is an inhibitor of protein palmitoylation, and its function on bone cancer pain was unclear. In this article, we aimed to investigate the potential curative effects and mechanisms of 2-BP on bone cancer pain. Bone cancer pain rat model was established through intratibial inoculation of rat mammary gland carcinoma cells (MRMT-1) into the left tibia of Sprague–Dawley female rats. As a result, bone cancer pain rats exhibited bone destruction and sensitive nociceptive behavior. And increased leukocyte infiltration, activation of astrocytes, and imbalance of mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics were observed in spinal cord of bone cancer pain rats. Intrathecal 2-BP administration significantly attenuated pain behavior of bone cancer pain rats. Meanwhile, 2-BP administration reduced spinal inflammation, reversed spinal mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamic imbalance, and further inhibited spinal mitochondrial apoptosis in bone cancer pain rats. In C6 cell level, 2-BP treatment decreased dynamin-related protein 1 expression and increased optic atrophy 1 expression in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP)-induced mitochondrial membrane potential change. These data illustrated that 2-BP attenuated bone cancer pain by reversing mitochondrial fusion and fission dynamic imbalance in spinal astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Miao-Miao Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ming-Yue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Ding
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Bang-Hua Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Hai-Li Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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Huang X, Li J, Xie J, Li Y, Gao Y, Li X, Xu X, Shi R, Yao W, Ke C. Neuronal complement cascade drives bone cancer pain via C3R mediated microglial activation. Brain Res 2018; 1698:81-88. [PMID: 29909203 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Activation of spinal cord microglia is crucial for the development of bone cancer pain (BCP). The essential signal between neuronal excitability and microglial activation is not fully understood. In the present study, carcinoma implantation into tibia was used to induce BCP and RNAi-lentivirus was injected into spinal cord to knock down C1, C2 or C3 of complement cascade. We showed that C1, C2 and C3 co-localized in the same neurons and increased in cancer-bearing rats along with microglial activation. Knocked down of C1, C2 or C3 inhibited microglial activation and prevented the development of cancer-induced bone pain. Intrathecal administration of either minocycline (an inhibitor of microglial activity) to inhibit the activation of microglia or compstatin (a C3-targeted complement inhibitor) to block the complement cascade reversed cancer induced bone pain. Further study indicated that neuronal complement promoted the activation of microglia via complement 3 receptor (C3R). In the in vitro experiments, the proliferation of microglia was enhanced by the activation product of C3 (iC3b), but was inhibited by compstatin. These results indicated that neuronal complement pathway promoted the activation of microglia via C3R and contributed to the development of BCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinyuan Li
- Department of Emergency, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jin Xie
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xueqin Xu
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruoshi Shi
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wanjun Yao
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Changbin Ke
- Institute of Anesthesiology & Pain (IAP), PET-CT, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City 442000, Hubei Province, China.
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Zhou YQ, Liu DQ, Chen SP, Sun J, Wang XM, Tian YK, Wu W, Ye DW. Minocycline as a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic pain. Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:305-310. [PMID: 30042091 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain remains to be a clinical challenge due to insufficient therapeutic strategies. Minocycline is a member of the tetracycline class of antibiotics, which has been used in clinic for decades. It is frequently reported that minocycline may has many non-antibiotic properties, among which is its anti-nociceptive effect. The results from our lab and others suggest that minocycline exerts strong analgesic effect in animal models of chronic pain including visceral pain, chemotherapy-induced periphery neuropathy, periphery injury induced neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathic pain, spinal cord injury, inflammatory pain and bone cancer pain. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of minocycline in preclinical studies. Due to a good safety record when used chronically, minocycline may become a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic pain in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qun Zhou
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dai-Qiang Liu
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Ping Chen
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Wang
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Ke Tian
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Anti-inflammatory effects of Metformin improve the neuropathic pain and locomotor activity in spinal cord injured rats: introduction of an alternative therapy. Spinal Cord 2018; 56:1032-1041. [PMID: 29959433 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-018-0168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This is an animal study. OBJECTIVES Metformin is a safe drug for controlling blood sugar in diabetes. It has been shown that metformin improves locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Neuropathic pain is also a disturbing component of SCI. It is indicated that metformin has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, which attenuate neuropathic pain and hyperalgesia in injured nerves. Thus, we evaluated metformin's therapeutic effects on SCI neuroinflammation and its sensory and locomotor complications. Meanwhile, results were compared to minocycline, an anti-neuroinflammation therapy in SCI. SETTING Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran METHODS: In an animal model of SCI, 48 male rats were subjected to T9 vertebra laminectomy. Animals were divided into a SHAM-operated group and five treatment groups. The treatments included normal saline as a vehicle control group, minocycline 90 mg/kg and metformin at the doses of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg. Locomotor scaling, behavioral tests for neuropathic pain and weight changes were evaluated and compared through a 28-days period. At the end of the study, tissue samples were taken to assess neuroinflammatory changes. RESULTS Metformin 50 mg/kg improved the locomotors ability (p < 0.001) and decreased sensitivity to mechanical and thermal allodynia (p < 0.01). These results were compatible with minocycline effect on SCI (p > 0.05). While metformin led to weight loss, both metformin and minocycline significantly decreased neuroinflammation in the assessment of cord tissue histopathology, and levels of TNF-α and interleukin-1β (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Metformin could be considered as an alternative therapeutic agent for SCI, as it potentially attenuates neuroinflammation, sensory and locomotor complications of cord injury.
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Weiler J, Mohr M, Zänker KS, Dittmar T. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is involved in the TNF-α-induced fusion of human M13SV1-Cre breast epithelial cells and human MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:14. [PMID: 29636110 PMCID: PMC5894245 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0226-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to physiological events such as fertilisation, placentation, osteoclastogenesis, or tissue regeneration/wound healing, cell fusion is involved in pathophysiological conditions such as cancer. Cell fusion, which applies to both the proteins and conditions that induce the merging of two or more cells, is not a fully understood process. Inflammation/pro-inflammatory cytokines might be a positive trigger for cell fusion. Using a Cre-LoxP-based cell fusion assay we demonstrated that the fusion between human M13SV1-Cre breast epithelial cells and human MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cancer cells was induced by the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Methods The gene expression profile of the cells in the presence of TNF-α and under normoxic and hypoxic conditions was analysed by cDNA microarray analysis. cDNA microarray data were verified by qPCR, PCR, Western blot and zymography. Quantification of cell fusion events was determined by flow cytometry. Proteins of interest were either blocked or knocked-down using a specific inhibitor, siRNA or a blocking antibody. Results The data showed an up-regulation of various genes, including claudin-1 (CLDN1), ICAM1, CCL2 and MMP9 in M13SV1-Cre and/or MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cells. Inhibition of these proteins using a blocking ICAM1 antibody, CLDN1 siRNA or an MMP9 inhibitor showed that only the blockage of MMP9 was correlated with a decreased fusion rate of the cells. Likewise, the tetracycline-based antibiotic minocycline, which exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, was also effective in both inhibiting the TNF-α-induced MMP9 expression in M13SV1-Cre cells and blocking the TNF-α-induced fusion frequency of human M13SV1-Cre breast epithelial cells and human MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cancer cells. Conclusions The matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is most likely involved in the TNF-α-mediated fusion of human M13SV1-Cre breast epithelial cells and human MDA-MB-435-pFDR1 cancer cells. Likewise, our data indicate that the tetracycline-based antibiotic minocycline might exhibit anti-fusogenic properties because it inhibits a cell fusion-related mechanism. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0226-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Weiler
- Institute of Immunology, Centre of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Marieke Mohr
- BioGenes GmbH, Köpenicker Str. 325, 12555, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kurt S Zänker
- Institute of Immunology, Centre of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Centre of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany.
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Grace PM, Wang X, Strand KA, Baratta MV, Zhang Y, Galer EL, Yin H, Maier SF, Watkins LR. DREADDed microglia in pain: Implications for spinal inflammatory signaling in male rats. Exp Neurol 2018. [PMID: 29530713 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The absence of selective pharmacological tools is a major barrier to the in vivo study of microglia. To address this issue, we developed a Gq- and Gi-coupled Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by a Designer Drug (DREADD) to enable selective stimulation or inhibition of microglia, respectively. DREADDs under a CD68 (microglia/macrophage) promoter were intrathecally transfected via an AAV9 vector. Naïve male rats intrathecally transfected with Gq (stimulatory) DREADDs exhibited significant allodynia following intrathecal administration of the DREADD-selective ligand clozapine-N-oxide (CNO), which was abolished by intrathecal interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Chronic constriction injury-induced allodynia was attenuated by intrathecal CNO in male rats intrathecally transfected with Gi (inhibitory) DREADDs. To explore mechanisms, BV2 cells were stably transfected with Gq or Gi DREADDs in vitro. CNO treatment induced pro-inflammatory mediator production per se from cells expressing Gq-DREADDs, and inhibited lipopolysaccharide- and CCL2-induced inflammatory signaling from cells expressing Gi-DREADDs. These studies are the first to manipulate microglia function using DREADDs, which allow the role of glia in pain to be conclusively demonstrated, unconfounded by neuronal off-target effects that exist for all other drugs that also inhibit glia. Hence, these studies are the first to conclusively demonstrate that in vivo stimulation of resident spinal microglia in intact spinal cord is a) sufficient for allodynia, and b) necessary for allodynia induced by peripheral nerve injury. DREADDs are a unique tool to selectively explore the physiological and pathological role of microglia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Grace
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA; Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Keith A Strand
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Michael V Baratta
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Yingning Zhang
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Erika L Galer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Steven F Maier
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Linda R Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
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A case of neuropathic pain in monoclonal mast cell activation syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018; 120:543-544. [PMID: 29481890 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Wang Y, Ni H, Li H, Deng H, Xu LS, Xu S, Zhen Y, Shen H, Pan H, Yao M. Nuclear factor kappa B regulated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/chemokine CC motif receptor-2 expressing in spinal cord contributes to the maintenance of cancer-induced bone pain in rats. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918788681. [PMID: 29956585 PMCID: PMC6055241 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918788681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), is a potential factor to cause cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). NF-κB signaling is very important in mediating the expression of chemokines and may have a role in CIBP. However, the mechanism is still unclear. This study investigates the role of NF-κB in CIBP by regulating MCP-1/chemokine CC motif receptor-2 (CCR2) signaling pathway. METHODS A rat CIBP model was established by injecting Walker-256 cells into the tibia medullary cavity. Nine days later, animals were intrathecally administrated with MCP-1 neutralizing antibody, CCR2 antagonist (RS504393), or NF-кB inhibitor (BAY11-7081). Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold was used to assess pain behavior and sciatic functional index, and radiographic images were adopted to evaluate the damage of nerve and bone. The spinal cords were harvested for Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The distribution of MCP-1, CCR2, and NF-кB was detected by double immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS CIBP caused remarkable bone destruction, injury of sciatic and femoral nerve, and persistent (>15 days) mechanical allodynia in rats. Tumor cell inoculation upregulate MCP-1 and NF-кB in activated neurons as well as CCR2 in neurons and microglia of the spinal cord. MCP-1 antibody, RS504393, and BAY11-7081 partially reversed CIBP-induced mechanical allodynia, and CIBP regulated the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ, and anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 4, and BAY11-7081 lowered CIBP-induced MCP-1 and CCR2 expressions in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION In conclusion, NF-кB signaling pathway regulates the expressions of MCP-1/CCR2-induced inflammatory factors in the spinal cord of CIBP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yungong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Huadong Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Houshen Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Long S Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ying Zhen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Huan Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Chen SP, Sun J, Zhou YQ, Cao F, Braun C, Luo F, Ye DW, Tian YK. Sinomenine attenuates cancer-induced bone pain via suppressing microglial JAK2/STAT3 and neuronal CAMKII/CREB cascades in rat models. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918793232. [PMID: 30027795 PMCID: PMC6096675 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918793232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-induced bone pain is one of the most severe types of pathological pain, which often occurs in patients with advanced prostate, breast, and lung cancer. It is of great significance to improve the therapies of cancer-induced bone pain due to the opioids' side effects including addiction, sedation, pruritus, and vomiting. Sinomenine, a traditional Chinese medicine, showed obvious analgesic effects on a rat model of chronic inflammatory pain, but has never been proven to treat cancer-induced bone pain. In the present study, we investigated the analgesic effect of sinomenine after tumor cell implantation and specific cellular mechanisms in cancer-induced bone pain. Our results indicated that single administration of sinomenine significantly and dose-dependently alleviated mechanical allodynia in rats with cancer-induced bone pain and the effect lasted for 4 h. After tumor cell implantation, the protein levels of phosphorylated-Janus family tyrosine kinase 2 (p-JAK2), phosphorylated-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (p-STAT3), phosphorylated-Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (p-CAMKII), and phosphorylated-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (p-CREB) were persistently up-regulated in the spinal cord horn. Chronic intraperitoneal treatment with sinomenine markedly suppressed the activation of microglia and effectively inhibited the expression of JAK2/STAT3 and CAMKII/CREB signaling pathways. We are the first to reveal that up-regulation of microglial JAK2/STAT3 pathway are involved in the development and maintenance of cancer-induced bone pain. Moreover, our investigation provides the first evidence that sinomenine alleviates cancer-induced bone pain by inhibiting microglial JAK2/STAT3 and neuronal CAMKII/CREB cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Chen
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Qun Zhou
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO
| | - Cody Braun
- UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO
| | - Fang Luo
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Ke Tian
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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González-Reyes RE, Nava-Mesa MO, Vargas-Sánchez K, Ariza-Salamanca D, Mora-Muñoz L. Involvement of Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease from a Neuroinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Perspective. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:427. [PMID: 29311817 PMCID: PMC5742194 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a frequent and devastating neurodegenerative disease in humans, but still no curative treatment has been developed. Although many explicative theories have been proposed, precise pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown. Due to the importance of astrocytes in brain homeostasis they have become interesting targets for the study of AD. Changes in astrocyte function have been observed in brains from individuals with AD, as well as in AD in vitro and in vivo animal models. The presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) has been shown to disrupt gliotransmission, neurotransmitter uptake, and alter calcium signaling in astrocytes. Furthermore, astrocytes express apolipoprotein E and are involved in the production, degradation and removal of Aβ. As well, changes in astrocytes that precede other pathological characteristics observed in AD, point to an early contribution of astroglia in this disease. Astrocytes participate in the inflammatory/immune responses of the central nervous system. The presence of Aβ activates different cell receptors and intracellular signaling pathways, mainly the advanced glycation end products receptor/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway, responsible for the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in astrocytes. The release of these pro-inflammatory agents may induce cellular damage or even stimulate the production of Aβ in astrocytes. Additionally, Aβ induces the appearance of oxidative stress (OS) and production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in astrocytes, affecting among others, intracellular calcium levels, NADPH oxidase (NOX), NF-κB signaling, glutamate uptake (increasing the risk of excitotoxicity) and mitochondrial function. Excessive neuroinflammation and OS are observed in AD, and astrocytes seem to be involved in both. The Aβ/NF-κB interaction in astrocytes may play a central role in these inflammatory and OS changes present in AD. In this paper, we also discuss therapeutic measures highlighting the importance of astrocytes in AD pathology. Several new therapeutic approaches involving phenols (curcumin), phytoestrogens (genistein), neuroesteroids and other natural phytochemicals have been explored in astrocytes, obtaining some promising results regarding cognitive improvements and attenuation of neuroinflammation. Novel strategies comprising astrocytes and aimed to reduce OS in AD have also been proposed. These include estrogen receptor agonists (pelargonidin), Bambusae concretio Salicea, Monascin, and various antioxidatives such as resveratrol, tocotrienol, anthocyanins, and epicatechin, showing beneficial effects in AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo E González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mauricio O Nava-Mesa
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karina Vargas-Sánchez
- Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Ariza-Salamanca
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Mora-Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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