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Zhang X, Zheng X, Gao R, Wang Y, Wei T, Zang Z, Zhu L, Li Q, Zhang Y, Liu F. Role of diet in the risks of esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma: an updated umbrella review. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03393-z. [PMID: 38689010 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This updated umbrella review aimed to evaluate the evidence regarding the associations between dietary factors and the risks of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). METHODS The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant studies. The quality of the included meta-analyses was evaluated using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2). For each association, the number of cases, random effects pooled effect size, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), heterogeneity, 95% prediction interval (PrI), small-study effect, and excess significance bias were recalculated to determine the evidence level. RESULTS We identified 33 meta-analyses describing 58 dietary factors associated with ESCC and 29 meta-analyses describing 38 dietary factors associated with EAC. There was convincing evidence regarding the association of 2 dietary factors (areca nut and high alcohol) with the risk of ESCC. There was highly suggestive evidence regarding the association of only 1 dietary factor (healthy pattern) with the risk of ESCC. There was suggestive evidence regarding the association of 11 dietary factors with the risk of ESCC, including fruit, citrus fruit, vegetables, pickled vegetables, maté tea, moderate alcohol, hot beverages and foods, hot tea, salt, folate, and vitamin B6. There was convincing evidence regarding the association of one dietary factor (vitamin B6) with the risk of EAC. There was suggestive evidence regarding the association of 4 dietary factors with the risk of EAC, including processed meat, dietary fibre, carbohydrate, and vitamin B12. The convincing evidence regarding the associations between dietary factors and the risks of ESCC and EAC remained robust in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS This umbrella review highlighted convincing evidence regarding the associations of areca nut and high alcohol with a higher risk of ESCC. Additionally, an association between vitamin B6 and a decreased risk of EAC was observed. Further research is needed to examine the dietary factors with weak evidence regarding their associations with ESCC and EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xite Zheng
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ran Gao
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Tong Wei
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhaoping Zang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Quanmei Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Qi JH, Huang SL, Jin SZ. Novel milestones for early esophageal carcinoma: From bench to bed. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1104-1118. [PMID: 38660637 PMCID: PMC11037034 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for the majority of cases of EC. To effectively diagnose and treat ESCC and improve patient prognosis, timely diagnosis in the initial phase of the illness is necessary. This article offers a detailed summary of the latest advancements and emerging technologies in the timely identification of ECs. Molecular biology and epigenetics approaches involve the use of molecular mechanisms combined with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), high-throughput sequencing technology (next-generation sequencing), and digital PCR technology to study endogenous or exogenous biomolecular changes in the human body and provide a decision-making basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases. The investigation of the microbiome is a swiftly progressing area in human cancer research, and microorganisms with complex functions are potential components of the tumor microenvironment. The intratumoral microbiota was also found to be connected to tumor progression. The application of endoscopy as a crucial technique for the early identification of ESCC has been essential, and with ongoing advancements in technology, endoscopy has continuously improved. With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the utilization of AI in the detection of gastrointestinal tumors has become increasingly prevalent. The implementation of AI can effectively resolve the discrepancies among observers, improve the detection rate, assist in predicting the depth of invasion and differentiation status, guide the pericancerous margins, and aid in a more accurate diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Han Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Maimaitiyiming M, Yang H, Zhou L, Zhang X, Cai Q, Wang Y. Associations between an obesity-related dietary pattern and incidence of overall and site-specific cancers: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2023; 21:251. [PMID: 37424008 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02955-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dietary pattern (DP) may impact on cancer incidence more strongly than individual foods, but this association remains uncertain. Here, we aimed to broadly explore the associations of an obesity-related DP with overall and 19 site-specific cancers. METHODS This study included 114,289 cancer-free participants with at least two dietary assessments. A total of 210 food items were classified into 47 food groups, and the mean amount of each food group was used in reduced-rank regression to derive the obesity-related DP. Cox regressions were conducted to explore the associations of the obesity-related DP with overall and 19 site-specific cancers. The parallel mediation model was constructed to quantify the mediating roles of potential mediators. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 9.4 years, 10,145 (8.9%) incident cancer cases were documented. The derived-DP was characterized by a higher intake of beer and cider, processed meat, high sugar beverages, red meat, and artificial sweetener, and a lower intake of fresh vegetables, olive oil, tea, and high fiber breakfast cereals. Observational analysis showed that a higher obesity-related DP Z-score was linearly associated with an increased risk of overall cancer (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04 per 1-SD increase, corrected P < 0.001). For site-specific cancer, positive linear associations for six cancer sites (oral, colorectal, liver, lung, endometrium, and thyroid) and nonlinear associations for six cancer sites (esophagus, malignant melanoma, prostate, kidney, bladder, and multiple myeloma) were observed. The paralleled mediation analysis suggested that the association between the obesity-related DP and overall cancer is mediated by the body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), C-reactive protein, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS The developed obesity-related DP is strongly associated with overall and multiple cancer sites. Our findings highlight the complicated and diverse associations between an obesity-related DP and cancers and provide clues for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongxi Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihui Zhou
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Mazidimoradi A, Ghavidel F, Momenimovahed Z, Allahqoli L, Salehiniya H. Global incidence, mortality, and burden of esophageal cancer, and its correlation with SDI, metabolic risks, fasting plasma glucose, LDL cholesterol, and body mass index: An ecological study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1342. [PMID: 37324248 PMCID: PMC10265723 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies. The geographical variation shows the influence of genetic factors, ethnicity, and distribution of various risk factors. Accurate knowledge of EC epidemiology at the global level will help to develop management strategies. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the global and regional disease burden of EC, including the incidence, mortality, and burden of this cancer in 2019. Methods Incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates (ASRs) associated with EC in 204 countries in different classifications were extracted from the global burden of disease study. After collecting information on metabolic risks, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and body mass index (body mass index), the relationship between age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate, and DALYs with these variables was determined. Results In 2019, 534,563 new cases of EC were reported worldwide. The highest ASIR is related to regions with medium sociodemographic index (SDI), and high middle income according to the World Bank, the Asian continent, and the western Pacific region. In 2019, a total of 498,067 deaths from EC were recorded. The highest mortality rate due to ASR is in countries with medium SDI and countries with upper middle income of the World Bank. In 2019, 1,166,017 DALYs were reported due to EC. The ASIR, ASDR, and DALYS ASR of EC showed a significant negative linear correlation with SDI, metabolic risks, high FPG, high LDL cholesterol, and high BMI (p < 0.05). Conclusions The results of this study showed significant gender and geographic variation in the incidence, mortality, and burden of EC. It is recommended to design and implement preventive approaches based on known risk factors and improve quality and access to efficient and appropriate treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Ghavidel
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | | | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
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Healthy Diet, Polygenic Risk Score, and Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study from UK Biobank. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061344. [PMID: 36986074 PMCID: PMC10054787 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary and genetic factors are considered to be associated with UGI cancer risk. However, examinations of the effect of healthy diet on UGI cancer risk and the extent to which healthy diet modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on UGI cancer remains limited. Associations were analyzed through Cox regression of the UK Biobank data (n = 415,589). Healthy diet, based on “healthy diet score,” was determined according to fruit, vegetables, grains, fish, and meat consumption. We compared adherence to healthy diet and the risk of UGI cancer. We also constructed a UGI polygenic risk score (UGI-PRS) to assess the combined effect of genetic risk and healthy diet. For the results high adherence to healthy diet reduced 24% UGI cancer risk (HR high-quality diet: 0.76 (0.62–0.93), p = 0.009). A combined effect of high genetic risk and unhealthy diet on UGI cancer risk was observed, with HR reaching 1.60 (1.20–2.13, p = 0.001). Among participants with high genetic risk, the absolute five-year incidence risk of UGI cancer was significantly reduced, from 0.16% to 0.10%, by having a healthy diet. In summary, healthy diet decreased UGI cancer risk, and individuals with high genetic risk can attenuate UGI cancer risk by adopting a healthy diet.
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Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is common in the developing world with decreasing incidence in developed countries and carries significant morbidity and mortality. Major risk factors for ESCC development include significant use of alcohol and tobacco. Screening for ESCC can be recommended in high-risk populations living in highly endemic regions. The treatment of ESCC ranges from endoscopic resection therapy or surgery in localized disease to chemoradiotherapy in metastatic disease, and prognosis is directly related to the stage at diagnosis. New immunotherapies and molecular targeted therapies may improve the dismal survival outcomes in patients with metastatic ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chamil Codipilly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, SMH Campus, 6 Alfred GI Unit, 200 1st Street South West, Rochester MN 55905, USA
| | - Kenneth K Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, SMH Campus, 6 Alfred GI Unit, 200 1st Street South West, Rochester MN 55905, USA.
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Zang Z, Liu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhao D, Liu F, Chao L, Wang X, Zhang C, Song G, Zhang Z, Li Y, Yan Z, Wen Y, Ge Y, Niu C, Feng W, Nakyeyune R, Shen Y, Shao Y, Guo X, Yang A, Liu F, Wang G. Dietary patterns and severity of symptom with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its histological precursor lesions in China: a multicenter cross-sectional latent class analysis. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:95. [PMID: 35062901 PMCID: PMC8783423 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary patterns and symptoms research among Chinese with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its precursor lesions is limited, especially as it relates to multiple food consumption and multiple co-occurring symptoms. The aim of our study was to identify the dietary patterns and severity of symptom classes with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its histological precursor lesions, and develop a risk prediction model for different stages of esophageal disease. Methods We analyzed data from a multicenter cross-sectional study carried out in ESCC high incidence areas between 2017 and 2018, which included 34,707 individuals aged 40–69 years. Dietary patterns and severity of symptom classes were derived by applying a latent class analysis (LCA). A multiple logistic regression model was used to derive the odds ratio (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ESCC and the different stages of esophageal disease according to the dietary patterns and severity of symptom classes identified. We built the risk prediction model by using a nomogram. Results We identified five dietary patterns and three severity of symptom classes. The dietary patterns were classified as follows: “Healthy”, “Western”, “Lower consumers-combination”, “Medium consumers-combination” and “Higher consumers-combination” patterns based on the intake of foods such as red meat, vegetables and fruits. The severity of symptoms was categorized into “Asymptomatic”, “Mild symptoms” and “Overt symptoms” classes based on health-related symptoms reported by the participants. Compared to the “Healthy” pattern, the other four patterns were all associated with an increased risk of esophageal disease. Similarly, the other two symptom classes present different degrees of increased risk of esophageal disease compared to the “Asymptomatic”. The nomograms reflect the good predictive ability of the model. Conclusion Among individuals aged 40–69 years in high incidence regions of upper gastrointestinal cancer, the results supplied that subjects with diets rich in livestock and poultry meat and low in fruits and vegetables and subjects with typical symptoms were at increased ESCC risk. The findings highlight the importance of considering food and symptom combinations in cancer risk evaluation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09206-y.
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Duijster JW, Franz E, Neefjes J, Mughini-Gras L. Bacterial and Parasitic Pathogens as Risk Factors for Cancers in the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Review of Current Epidemiological Knowledge. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:790256. [PMID: 34956157 PMCID: PMC8692736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.790256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic potential of viral infections is well established and documented for many years already. However, the contribution of (commensal) bacteria and parasites to the development and progression of cancers has only recently gained momentum, resulting in a rapid growth of publications on the topic. Indeed, various bacteria and parasites have been suggested to play a role in the development of gastrointestinal cancer in particular. Therefore, an overview of the current epidemiological knowledge on the association between infections with bacteria and parasites and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract is needed. In this review, we summarized the methodological characteristics and main results of epidemiological studies investigating the association of 10 different bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis, Campylobacter spp., Clostridium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi, and Streptococcus spp.) and three parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Schistosoma spp., and Strongyloides stercoralis) with gastrointestinal cancer. While the large body of studies based on microbiome sequencing provides valuable insights into the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in cancer patients as compared to individuals with pre-malignant conditions or healthy controls, more research is needed to fulfill Koch's postulates, possibly making use of follow-up data, to assess the complex role of bacterial and parasitic infections in cancer epidemiology. Studies incorporating follow-up time between detection of the bacterium or parasite and cancer diagnosis remain valuable as these allow for estimation of cause-effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke W. Duijster
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eelco Franz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lapo Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Morowatisharifabad MA, Gerayllo S, Jouybari L, Amirbeigy MK, Fallahzadeh H. Perceived Threats toward Esophageal Cancer among Immediate Relatives of Sufferers: a Qualitative Study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:643-650. [PMID: 32583362 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considering life-threatening nature of cancer and the problems that it causes for patients and families, recognizing their perspectives toward this issue is important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine perceived threats by immediate relatives of patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS Using content analysis approach, the present qualitative study was conducted in Golestan Province (north of Iran) in 2018. Through purposive sampling, 23 immediate relatives of patients with esophageal cancer were included in the study. The research techniques included semi-structured and deep interviews. We continued data collection to ensure data saturation was achieved. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed with Graneheim and Lundman's approach of conventional content analysis. The MAXQDA 11 software was applied to conduct the coding process. RESULTS Following data analysis, two main categories including "perceived susceptibility" and "perceived severity" were identified for perceived threats. The main category of "perceived susceptibility" comprised of four subcategory, namely, perception of individual, environmental, psychological, and nutritional predisposing factors to the disease. Four subcategories were also extracted for the "perceived severity," including perception of physical, psychological, therapeutic, and social consequences of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Immediate relatives of patients with esophagus cancer perceived high severity and susceptibility toward this disease and considered themselves vulnerable to this disease. Hence, they suffered from a lot of psychological stress. Development of appropriate interventions regarding the effects of disease-related individual and environmental factors and empowerment of individuals with regard to preventive disease behaviors can be an important step for improving the health of this group. REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT20180725040588N1, date registered: 2 October 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sakineh Gerayllo
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Leila Jouybari
- Nursing Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, Research Center of Prevention & Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Deybasso HA, Roba KT, Nega B, Belachew T. Dietary and Environmental Determinants of Oesophageal Cancer in Arsi Zone, Oromia, Central Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2071-2082. [PMID: 33664594 PMCID: PMC7924120 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s298892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oesophageal cancer is ranked 5th of all types of malignancies in Ethiopia and highly prevalent in the Arsi Zone. However, no study was conducted to elucidate the dietary and environmental determinants of oesophageal cancer in the Arsi Zone. METHODS A matched case-control study was conducted from June 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020. A total of 104 cases and 208 controls were interviewed. Data were collected using food frequency questionnaires (structured questionnaires). Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to check the association between independent and dependent variables. Adjusted odds ratios and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated for the strength of association. Statistical significance was declared at a P-value of <0.05. RESULTS In multivariable logistic regression, drinking very hot coffee (AOR=5.1,[95% CI: (1.95, 13.71), drinking large volume of coffee (AOR=4.9, [95% CI: (2.03, 12.17), very hot porridge (AOR= 3.1,[95% CI: (1.38,7.03) and eating porridge fast (AOR=7.0, [95% CI: (2.48, 20.14), low intake of dairy products (AOR=6.0, [95% CI: (2.29, 15.95), cooking food in sleeping room (AOR=3.7, [95% CI: (1.22, 11.39), exposure to x-ray (AOR=9.4,[95% CI: (3.94, 22.82), nonalcohol homemade drinks (AOR=5.4,[95% CI: (1.97, 15.14), use of chemical containers (AOR=3.4, [95% CI: (1.48, 8.23) were determinants of oesophageal cancer. CONCLUSION Coffee temperature, coffee drinking volume, porridge consumption temperature, porridge consumption speed, dairy products intake patterns, food cooking place, x-ray exposure, nonalcohol homemade drink, and use of chemical containers were independent determinants of the increased risk of oesophageal cancer in the study community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haji Aman Deybasso
- Jimma University, Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Kedir Teji Roba
- Haramaya University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Nega
- Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tefera Belachew
- Jimma University, Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Deybasso HA, Roba KT, Belachew T. Perceived role of hot food in the pathogenesis of oesophageal cancer: a qualitative study in the Arsi Zone, Oromia, Central Ethiopia. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e1. [PMID: 33889539 PMCID: PMC8057510 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies in Ethiopia have identified a positive association between hot wheat porridge consumption and oesophageal carcinoma. However, a single dietary intake cannot be a sufficient predictor of cancer among populations that have diverse dietary practices. The present study was carried out to explore the community's perspectives on the role of hot foods in the pathogenesis of oesophageal cancer in Ethiopia. Focus group discussions were conducted from May to August 2019 among purposefully selected 112 participants. Data were collected by using open-ended questions; memo writing, audio recordings and photo pictures. All tape-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and inductively coded using Atlas.ti Version 7.0.71 software. Finally, the analysis was performed according to the standard thematic framework analysis techniques. The finding showed that hot foods (porridge, coffee and soup) consumption patterns were perceived as the principal dietary risk of oesophageal cancer. Cooking in unventilated rooms, monotonous cereal-based foods, poor vegetable, and fruit intake, not taking milk with porridge, eating fast, swallowing large bolus of hot porridge and exposure to carcinogens in foods were regarded as predisposing dietary practices to oesophageal carcinoma. Socio-demographic, economic and cultural backgrounds were reported as the underlying risk factors associated with oesophageal cancer. There was a strong perception within the community that oesophageal cancer is linked to several but sequentially interlinked dietary and related practices. Cumulative thermal injuries from the consumptions of hot food could be the immediate dietary risk factors associated with increased risk of oesophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haji Aman Deybasso
- Adama Hospital Medical College and PhD Candidate in Human Nutrition at Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Kedir Teji Roba
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tefera Belachew
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Dalmartello M, Vermunt J, Serraino D, Garavello W, Negri E, Levi F, La Vecchia C. Dietary patterns and oesophageal cancer: a multi-country latent class analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 75:jech-2020-214882. [PMID: 33203766 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The considerable differences in food consumption across countries pose major challenges to the research on diet and cancer, due to the difficulty to generalise and reproduce the dietary patterns identified in a specific population. METHODS We analysed data from a multicentric case-control study on oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) carried out between 1992 and 2009 in three Italian areas and in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, which included 505 cases and 1259 hospital controls. Dietary patterns were derived applying LCA on 24 food groups, controlling for country membership, and non-alcoholic energy intake. A multiple logistic regression model was used to derive odds ratio (ORs) and corresponding 95% CIs for ESCC according to the dietary patterns identified, correcting for classification error. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We identified three dietary patterns. The 'Prudent' pattern was distinguished by a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. The 'Western' pattern was characterised by low consumption of these food groups and higher intakes of sugar. The 'Lower consumers-combination pattern' exhibited a diet poor in most of the nutrients, preferences for fish, potatoes, meat and a few specific types of vegetables. Differences between Italy and Switzerland emerged for pattern sizes and for specific single food preferences. Compared to the 'Prudent' pattern, the 'Western' and the 'Lower consumers-combination' patterns were associated with an increased risk of ESCC (OR=3.04, 95% CI=2.12-4.38 and OR=2.81, 95% CI=1.65-4.76).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Dalmartello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeroen Vermunt
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | | | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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13
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El-Sherif A, El-Sherif S, Taylor AH, Ayakannu T. Ovarian Cancer: Lifestyle, Diet and Nutrition. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1092-1107. [PMID: 32674720 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1792948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Sherif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Arrow Park Hospital, Upton, UK
| | - Sherif El-Sherif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West Cumberland Hospital, Whitehaven, UK
| | - Anthony Henry Taylor
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thangesweran Ayakannu
- Gynaecology Oncology Cancer Centre, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool Women’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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14
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Khorshidi M, Djafarian K, Aghayei E, Shab-Bidar S. A posteriori dietary patterns and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis of observational studies. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 90:376-384. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder which affects the gastrointestinal tract. Many factors, such as genetics, stress, and dietary patterns have been related to the risk of this disease. Adherence to a prudent/healthy dietary pattern, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, help to reduce the risk of many chronic diseases such as IBD. The results from previous studies regarding the association between dietary patterns and risk of IBD, including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the potential relations between dietary patterns and risk of CD and UC. PubMed and Scopus were searched up to October 2017 for eligible studies. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to pool the estimated risks for the highest versus the lowest category of extracted dietary patterns. A total of six studies, including four case-control and two cohort studies with 1099 cases and 263112 controls/participants were included in the meta-analysis. A decreased risk of CD was seen for the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy dietary pattern (OR/RR = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.16–0.62), while no significant association with western dietary pattern was observed (OR/RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.51–1.04). Furthermore, no significant relationship was found between healthy (OR/RR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.04–1.18, random effects) and western/unhealthy (OR/RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.67–1.26) dietary patterns and risk of UC. The results of the current meta-analysis showed that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk of CD. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khorshidi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Aghayei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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15
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Liu K, Xie F, Zhao T, Zhang R, Gao A, Chen Y, Li H, Zhang S, Xiao Z, Li J, Hong X, Shang L, Huang W, Wang J, El-Rifai W, Zaika A, Chen X, Que J, Lan X. Targeting SOX2 Protein with Peptide Aptamers for Therapeutic Gains against Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Mol Ther 2020; 28:901-913. [PMID: 31991109 PMCID: PMC7054732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a predominant cancer type in developing countries such as China, where ESCC accounts for approximately 90% of esophageal malignancies. Lacking effective and targeted therapy contributes to the poor 5-year survival rate. Recent studies showed that about 30% of ESCC cases have high levels of SOX2. Herein, we aim to target this transcription factor with aptamer. We established a peptide aptamer library and then performed an unbiased screening to identify several peptide aptamers including P42 that can bind and inhibit SOX2 downstream target genes. We further found that P42 overexpression or incubation with a synthetic peptide 42 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. Moreover, peptide 42 treatment inhibited the growth and metastasis of ESCC xenografts in mouse and zebrafish. Further analysis revealed that P42 overexpression led to alternations in the levels of proteins that are important for the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells. Taken together, our study identified the peptide 42 as a key inhibitor of SOX2 function, reducing the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo, and thereby offering a potential therapy against ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuancan Liu
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Fuzhou General Hospital Clinical Medical School, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, China,Corresponding author: Kuancan Liu, School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China.
| | - Fuan Xie
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Anding Gao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Yunyun Chen
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Pathology, Westechester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Shihui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zhangwu Xiao
- Emergency Department, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jieping Li
- Department of Clinic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Fujian Corps of CAPF, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China
| | - Xiaoqian Hong
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Lei Shang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China,Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Junkai Wang
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alexander Zaika
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team or Dongfang Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Jianwen Que
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA,Corresponding author: Jianwen Que, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Xiaopeng Lan
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University or Institute for Laboratory Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
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16
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Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with lower incidence of premenopausal breast cancer in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:3148-3159. [PMID: 32090723 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019003835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to the growing interest in the role of dietary patterns (DPs) on chronic diseases, we assessed the association between a posteriori identified DPs in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project - a prospective cohort study in a Mediterranean country - and breast cancer (BC) risk. DESIGN DPs were ascertained through a principal component analysis based on 31 predefined food groups. BC cases were initially identified through self-report or, if deceased, from death certificates or by notification by the next kin. Women reporting BC were asked to provide a copy of their medical report and diagnoses for confirmation purposes. We fitted Cox regression models to assess the association between adherence to the identified DPs and BC risk. SETTING Spanish university graduates. PARTICIPANTS We included 10 713 young and middle-aged - mainly premenopausal - women. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 10·3 years, we identified 100 confirmed and 168 probable incident BC cases. We described two major DPs: 'Western dietary pattern' (WDP) and 'Mediterranean dietary pattern' (MDP). A higher adherence to a WDP was associated with an increased risk of overall BC (multivariable-adjusted HR for confirmed BC Q4 v. Q1 1·70; 95 % CI 0·93, 3·12; P for trend = 0·045). Contrarily, adherence to a MDP was inversely associated with premenopausal BC (multivariable-adjusted HR Q4 v. Q1 0·33; 95 % CI 0·12, 0·91). No significant associations were observed for postmenopausal BC. CONCLUSIONS Whereas a higher adherence to the WDP may increase the risk of BC, a higher adherence to the MDP may decrease the risk of premenopausal BC.
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Abstract
Over the past decade, the search for dietary factors on which to base cancer prevention guidelines has led to the rapid expansion of the field of dietary patterns and cancer. Multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported epidemiological associations between specific cancer types and both data-driven dietary patterns determined by empirical analyses and investigator-defined dietary indexes based on a predetermined set of dietary components. New developments, such as the use of metabolomics to identify objective biomarkers of dietary patterns and novel statistical techniques, could provide further insights into the links between diet and cancer risk. Although animal models of dietary patterns are limited, progress in this area could identify the potential mechanisms underlying the disease-specific associations observed in epidemiological studies. In this Review, we summarize the current state of the field, provide a critical appraisal of new developments and identify priority areas for future research. An underlying theme that emerges is that the effectiveness of different dietary pattern recommendations in reducing risk could depend on the type of cancer or on other risk factors such as family history, sex, age and other lifestyle factors or comorbidities as well as on metabolomic signatures or gut microbiota profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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18
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Etiology, cancer stem cells and potential diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 458:21-28. [PMID: 31125642 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) has been a leading cause of cancer death worldwide in part due to late detection and lack of precision treatment. EC includes two major malignancies, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Recent studies reveal that ESCC and EAC have distinct cell of origin and contain cancer stem cells (also known as tumor initiating cells) expressing different cell surface markers. These biomarkers have potentially important values for both early detection and finding effective therapy. In this review we summarize the updated findings for cell of origin and provide an overview of cancer cell biomarkers that have been tested for ESCC and EAC. In addition, we also discuss recent progress in the study of molecular mechanisms leading to these malignancies.
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19
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Pournaghi SJ, Barazandeh Noveyri F, Mohammad Doust H, Ahmadi A, Hamedi A, Rahimi J, Ghasemi M, Hamidi H, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S, Lashkardoost H. The Association of Consumption of Animal Proteins and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1094-1099. [PMID: 30955361 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1597903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Esophageal cancer (EC) is considered one of the most common types of cancer in the world. High intake of dietary proteins is suggested to increase EC. This study examined associations between intake of red meats, processed meat, poultry, and fish and the risk of EC. Methods: This hospital-based Case-Control study included 96 people with EC and 187 people without EC from Bojnurd, Iran. Socio-demographic data was collected from all participants at enrollment using general information questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, there was a significant association between the consumption of beef (P = 0.04), processed meats (sausages) (P = 0.01), and chicken with skin (P = 0.001) with the risk of EC. Conclusion: We observed a positive association between red meat, processed meats (sausages), chicken with skin and the risk of EC. The use of lamb meat and fish had no significant association with the risk of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Javad Pournaghi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Farhad Barazandeh Noveyri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Hadi Mohammad Doust
- Department of Adults Hematology and Oncology School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord , Iran
| | - Andishe Hamedi
- Shirvan Center of Higher Health Education, Imam Khomeini Hospital, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Jamileh Rahimi
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Hoda Hamidi
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Gastrointestinal and liver diseases research center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Health School, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hossein Lashkardoost
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
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20
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Fabiani R, Naldini G, Chiavarini M. Dietary Patterns in Relation to Low Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:219-236. [PMID: 30657847 PMCID: PMC6416046 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis-related fractures constitute a considerable public health burden. Several studies have demonstrated the association between diet and bone health. We performed a systematic review to provide an estimate of the association between different dietary patterns defined through the use of a posteriori methods and fracture or low BMD risk. A literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, up to March 2018, was performed to identify all eligible case-control, prospective, or cross-sectional studies involving subjects of both sexes and any age. Random-effects models were used. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. Stratified analyses were conducted on study characteristics. The meta-analysis includes 20 studies and identifies 3 prevalent dietary patterns: "Healthy," "Milk/dairy," and "Meat/Western." From the 10 studies on fracture, adherence to the "Healthy" pattern reduced the risk, particularly in older people (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.95; P = 0.011) and in Eastern countries (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.97; P = 0.037), whereas the risk increased with the "Meat/Western" pattern, especially for older people (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.18, P = 0.001), in those with hip fractures (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.25; P = 0.002), and in Western countries (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.14; P < 0.0001). Analyses on low BMD showed a reduced risk in the "Healthy" pattern, particularly for younger people (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.89; P = 0.009). The "Meat/Western" pattern increased low BMD risk, especially in older people (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.64; P = 0.015). The "Milk/dairy" pattern resulted in the strongest reduction in low BMD risk; when stratifying, this effect remained significant (e.g., older women-OR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.70; P < 0.0001). Nutrition is an important modifiable factor affecting bone health. The "Healthy" and "Milk/dairy" patterns are associated with a reduced risk of low BMD and fracture. In contrast, the "Western" pattern is inversely associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fabiani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology,Address correspondence to RF (e-mail: )
| | - Giulia Naldini
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine
| | - Manuela Chiavarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Public Heath, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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21
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Jayedi A, Emadi A, Shab-Bidar S. Dietary Inflammatory Index and Site-Specific Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2018; 9:388-403. [PMID: 30032224 PMCID: PMC6054175 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing evidence suggests a link between the inflammatory potential of diet and risk of cancer. This study aimed to test the linear and potential nonlinear dose-response associations of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), as being representative of inflammatory features of the diet, and site-specific cancer risk. A systematic search was conducted with the use of PubMed and Scopus from 2014 to November 2017. Prospective cohort or case-control studies reporting the risk estimates of any cancer type for ≥3 categories of the DII were selected. Studies that reported the association between continuous DII score and cancer risk were also included. Pooled RRs were calculated by using a random-effects model. Eleven prospective cohort studies (total n = 1,187,474) with 28,614 incident cases and 29 case-control studies with 19,718 cases and 33,229 controls were identified. The pooled RRs for a 1-unit increment in the DII were as follows: colorectal cancer, 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.08; I2 = 72.5%; n = 9); breast cancer, 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.07; I2 = 84.0%; n = 7); prostate cancer, 1.06 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.15; I2 = 56.2%; n = 6); pancreatic cancer, 1.16 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.28; I2 = 61.6%; n = 2); ovarian cancer, 1.08 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.13; I2 = 0%; n = 2); esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 1.24 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.38; I2 = 64.3%; n = 2); renal cell carcinoma, 1.08 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.13; I2 = 0%; n = 2); and esophageal adenocarcinoma, 1.26 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.39; I2 = 0%; n = 2). A nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis showed that, after a somewhat unchanged risk within initial scores of the DII, the risk of colorectal cancer increased linearly with increasing DII score. In the analyses of breast and prostate cancers, the risk increased with a very slight trend with increasing DII score. In conclusion, the results showed that dietary habits with high inflammatory features might increase the risk of site-specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Emadi
- Department of Information Technologies, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Address correspondence to SS-B (e-mail: )
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22
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Bamia C. Dietary patterns in association to cancer incidence and survival: concept, current evidence, and suggestions for future research. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72:818-825. [PMID: 29563640 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Assessing diet through dietary patterns has become popular in diet-disease investigations due to the appealing simplicity of expressing several dietary exposures through one variable. Current evidence suggests that there may exist a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns that are consistently associated with reduced all-cause, as well as site-specific cancer risk across different populations. Typical examples include the Mediterranean dietary pattern, the Healthy Eating Index, a number of "healthy" a posteriori dietary patterns, and others. Despite their apparent differences, by inspecting their components it seems that multiple dietary patterns reflect core constituents of a healthy diet. Ongoing research is targeted to: (a) identify the common features underlying the beneficial-for-cancer-prevention dietary patterns, (b) decompose the estimated associations of dietary patterns with cancer risk to the individual associations of their components, and (c) construct dietary patterns for site-specific cancer risk prediction. Results of these and other initiatives could be helpful for public health policy makers and responsible bodies to (a) better formulate relevant messages for informing people about the components of cancer-preventing diets, and (b) promote small changes in eating patterns that can lower cancer risk and improve cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.
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23
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Grosso G, Bella F, Godos J, Sciacca S, Del Rio D, Ray S, Galvano F, Giovannucci EL. Possible role of diet in cancer: systematic review and multiple meta-analyses of dietary patterns, lifestyle factors, and cancer risk. Nutr Rev 2018; 75:405-419. [PMID: 28969358 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Evidence of an association between dietary patterns derived a posteriori and risk of cancer has not been reviewed comprehensively. Objective The aim of this review was to investigate the relation between a posteriori-derived dietary patterns, grouped as healthy or unhealthy, and cancer risk. The relation between cancer risk and background characteristics associated with adherence to dietary patterns was also examined. Data Sources PubMed and Embase electronic databases were searched. Study Selection A total of 93 studies including over 85 000 cases, 100 000 controls, and 2 000 000 exposed individuals were selected. Data Extraction Data were extracted from each identified study using a standardized form by two independent authors. Results The most convincing evidence (significant results from prospective cohort studies) supported an association between healthy dietary patterns and decreased risk of colon and breast cancer, especially in postmenopausal, hormone receptor-negative women, and an association between unhealthy dietary patterns and increased risk of colon cancer. Limited evidence of a relation between an unhealthy dietary pattern and risk of upper aerodigestive tract, pancreatic, ovarian, endometrial, and prostatic cancers relied only on case-control studies. Unhealthy dietary patterns were associated with higher body mass index and energy intake, while healthy patterns were associated with higher education, physical activity, and less smoking. Potential differences across geographical regions require further evaluation. Conclusions The results suggest a potential role of diet in certain cancers, but the evidence is not conclusive and may be driven or mediated by lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Bella
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sumantra Ray
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
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Vernieri C, Nichetti F, Raimondi A, Pusceddu S, Platania M, Berrino F, de Braud F. Diet and supplements in cancer prevention and treatment: Clinical evidences and future perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 123:57-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Modifiable factors and esophageal cancer: a systematic review of published meta-analyses. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:37-51. [PMID: 28821981 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There are marked differences in the etiology of the major histological types of esophageal cancer (EC)-squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and adenocarcinomas (EAC). This study aimed to summarize the current scientific knowledge on modifiable risk factors for EC, by histological type, through a systematic review of meta-analyses referenced in PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge. We identified 100 meta-analyses on risk factors for ESCC (n = 54), EAC (n = 43), or EC (n = 51). ESCC risk significantly increased with alcohol and maté drinking, smoking, red and processed meat consumption and human papillomavirus infection, while it was negatively associated with body mass index and consumption of fruit, vegetables, white meat, folate, and some carotenoids. Cessation of drinking and smoking significantly reduced ESCC risk. For EAC, an increased risk was reported for smoking, body mass index, and red and processed meat consumption, while risk decreased with Helicobacter pylori infection, low/moderate alcohol drinking, physical activity, and consumption of fruit, vegetables, folate, fiber, beta-carotene, and vitamin C. Differences in results between meta-analyses and mechanisms underlying some of the associations found are discussed. This work reinforces the importance of a separate assessment of EC subtypes to allow for a proper evaluation of incidence trends and planning of prevention/control interventions.
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Matejcic M, Gunter MJ, Ferrari P. Alcohol metabolism and oesophageal cancer: a systematic review of the evidence. Carcinogenesis 2017. [PMID: 28645180 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is a major risk factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most prevalent histological subtype of oesophageal cancer (OC) worldwide. The metabolism of alcohol is regulated by specific enzymes whose activity and expression is influenced by genetic polymorphisms. We conducted a systematic review of current epidemiological evidence of the relationship between alcohol intake and OC risk, including the role of tobacco smoking and functional polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). Potential biological mechanisms underlying oesophageal carcinogenesis are also discussed. Frequency and intensity of alcohol intake have been consistently associated with an increased risk of OSCC in regions with low and high incidence of the disease. The highest risk was reported among tobacco smokers, whereas the association between alcohol and OSCC risk was weak in the absence of tobacco use. The ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 gene polymorphisms influence the risk of OSCC through modulation of acetaldehyde metabolism and propensity to alcohol intake. These functional variants may be suitable proxies of alcohol exposure for use in Mendelian randomization studies if complemented by reported alcohol intake data. Recent epidemiological and experimental studies investigating the role of alcohol consumption in OC development have implicated the microbiome as a new promising avenue for research, which entail novel potential mechanisms of alcohol-related oesophageal carcinogenesis. Microbial communities associated with alcohol consumption might be used as biomarkers to raise the potential of intervening among susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Matejcic
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
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Is there an association between trends in alcohol consumption and cancer mortality? Findings from a multicountry analysis. Eur J Cancer Prev 2017; 28:45-53. [PMID: 28683009 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this analysis is to examine long-term trends in alcohol consumption and associations with lagged data on specific types of cancer mortality, and indicate policy implications. Data on per capita annual sales of pure alcohol; mortality for three alcohol-related cancers - larynx, esophageal, and lip, oral cavity, and pharynx; and per capita consumption of tobacco products were extracted at the country level. The Unobservable Components Model was used for this time-series analysis to examine the temporal association between alcohol consumption and cancer mortality, using lagged data, from 17 countries. Statistically significant associations were observed between alcohol sales and cancer mortality, in the majority of countries examined, which remained after controlling for tobacco use (P<0.05). Significant associations were observed in countries with increasing, decreasing, or stable trends in alcohol consumption and corresponding lagged trends in alcohol-related cancer mortality. Curtailing overall consumption has potential benefits in reducing a number of harms from alcohol, including cancer mortality. Future research and surveillance are needed to investigate, monitor, and quantify the impact of alcohol control policies on trends in cancer mortality.
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Playdon MC, Moore SC, Derkach A, Reedy J, Subar AF, Sampson JN, Albanes D, Gu F, Kontto J, Lassale C, Liao LM, Männistö S, Mondul AM, Weinstein SJ, Irwin ML, Mayne ST, Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Identifying biomarkers of dietary patterns by using metabolomics. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:450-465. [PMID: 28031192 PMCID: PMC5267308 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.144501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy dietary patterns that conform to national dietary guidelines are related to lower chronic disease incidence and longer life span. However, the precise mechanisms involved are unclear. Identifying biomarkers of dietary patterns may provide tools to validate diet quality measurement and determine underlying metabolic pathways influenced by diet quality. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the correlation of 4 diet quality indexes [the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010, the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED), the WHO Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), and the Baltic Sea Diet (BSD)] with serum metabolites. DESIGN We evaluated dietary patterns and metabolites in male Finnish smokers (n = 1336) from 5 nested case-control studies within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort. Participants completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire and provided a fasting serum sample before study randomization (1985-1988). Metabolites were measured with the use of mass spectrometry. We analyzed cross-sectional partial correlations of 1316 metabolites with 4 diet quality indexes, adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking, energy intake, education, and physical activity. We pooled estimates across studies with the use of fixed-effects meta-analysis with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, and conducted metabolic pathway analyses. RESULTS The HEI-2010, aMED, HDI, and BSD were associated with 23, 46, 23, and 33 metabolites, respectively (17, 21, 11, and 10 metabolites, respectively, were chemically identified; r-range: -0.30 to 0.20; P = 6 × 10-15 to 8 × 10-6). Food-based diet indexes (HEI-2010, aMED, and BSD) were associated with metabolites correlated with most components used to score adherence (e.g., fruit, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and unsaturated fat). HDI correlated with metabolites related to polyunsaturated fat and fiber components, but not other macro- or micronutrients (e.g., percentages of protein and cholesterol). The lysolipid and food and plant xenobiotic pathways were most strongly associated with diet quality. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality, measured by healthy diet indexes, is associated with serum metabolites, with the specific metabolite profile of each diet index related to the diet components used to score adherence. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00342992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Playdon
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT;
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and
| | | | | | - Jill Reedy
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Amy F Subar
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | | | | | - Fangyi Gu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and
| | - Jukka Kontto
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Camille Lassale
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alison M Mondul
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Melinda L Irwin
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT; and
| | - Susan T Mayne
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD
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Qu Y, Zhang S, Cui L, Wang K, Song C, Wang P, Zhang J, Dai L. Two novel polymorphisms in PLCE1 are associated with the susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese population. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-7. [PMID: 27061010 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCE1) gene was found to be associated with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by three large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in Chinese populations. To evaluate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PLCE1 gene and ESCC risk, a case-control study including 550 patients with ESCC and 550 age, gender-matched controls was carried out to investigate the genetic susceptibility of three SNPs (rs3765524 C/T and two unreported potentially functional SNPs rs10882379 G/A and rs829232 G/A) as well as the interactions of gene-gene and gene-environment in the development of ESCC. And the results showed that GA genotype of rs10882379 was significantly associated with reduced ESCC risk compared with GG genotype (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 0.66 [0.51, 0.86]), while AA genotype of rs829232 was significantly associated with increased ESCC risk compared with GG genotype (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 1.37 [1.12, 1.67]). The haplotype analysis showed increased ESCC risk in Grs10882379Crs3765524Ars829232 and Grs10882379Trs3765524Ars829232 haplotypes with OR (95% CI) of 1.40 (1.13, 1.73) and 1.66 (1.18, 2.34), respectively and inversely reduced ESCC risk in Ars10882379Crs3765524Grs829232 haplotype with OR (95% CI) of 0.74 (0.61, 0.91). The gene-environment interaction analysis emerged a best model consisted of four factors (rs10882379, rs3765524, rs829232 and family history of ESCC) that could increase the ESCC risk in the 'high risk group' with 4.45-fold (OR [95% CI]: 5.45 [4.13, 7.19]), compared to the 'low risk group.' Our results further validate that the SNPs in PLCE1 gene may contribute to the ESCC susceptibility in Chinese Han population. Also the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions play a certain crucial role in the ESCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - L Cui
- Department of Digestive System, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - K Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - C Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - L Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
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Fabiani R, Minelli L, Bertarelli G, Bacci S. A Western Dietary Pattern Increases Prostate Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8100626. [PMID: 27754328 PMCID: PMC5084014 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns were recently applied to examine the relationship between eating habits and prostate cancer (PC) risk. While the associations between PC risk with the glycemic index and Mediterranean score have been reviewed, no meta-analysis is currently available on dietary patterns defined by “a posteriori” methods. A literature search was carried out (PubMed, Web of Science) to identify studies reporting the relationship between dietary patterns and PC risk. Relevant dietary patterns were selected and the risks estimated were calculated by a random-effect model. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs), for a first-percentile increase in dietary pattern score, were combined by a dose-response meta-analysis. Twelve observational studies were included in the meta-analysis which identified a “Healthy pattern” and a “Western pattern”. The Healthy pattern was not related to PC risk (OR = 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88–1.04) while the Western pattern significantly increased it (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.08–1.65). In addition, the “Carbohydrate pattern”, which was analyzed in four articles, was positively associated with a higher PC risk (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.35–2.00). A significant linear trend between the Western (p = 0.011) pattern, the Carbohydrate (p = 0.005) pattern, and the increment of PC risk was observed. The small number of studies included in the meta-analysis suggests that further investigation is necessary to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fabiani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Liliana Minelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Gaia Bertarelli
- Department of Economics, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bacci
- Department of Economics, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy.
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Healthy Dietary Patterns and Oxidative Stress as Measured by Fluorescent Oxidation Products in Nurses' Health Study. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090587. [PMID: 27657128 PMCID: PMC5037570 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy diets may lower oxidative stress and risk of chronic diseases. However, no previous studies examined associations between diet and fluorescent oxidation products (FlOP), a global marker of oxidative stress. We evaluated associations between healthy eating patterns (Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED)) and FlOP, measured at three excitation/emission wavelengths (FlOP_360, FlOP_320, FlOP_400) from 2021 blood samples collected from 1688 women within the Nurses’ Health Study. AHEI, DASH, and aMED scores were significantly positively associated with FlOP_360 and FlOP_320 concentrations (p-trend ≤ 0.04), but not associated with FlOP_400. Among specific food groups that contribute to these diet scores, significantly positive associations were observed with legumes and vegetables for FlOP_360, vegetables and fruits for FlOP_320, and legumes and alcohol for FlOP_400. Inverse associations were observed with nuts, sweets or desserts, and olive oil for FlOP_360, nuts for FlOP_320 and sweets or desserts for FlOP_400 (all p-trend ≤ 0.05). However, FlOP variation due to diet was small compared to overall FlOP variation. In conclusion, AHEI, DASH, and aMED scores were unexpectedly positively, but weakly, associated with FlOP_360 and FlOP_320. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously as the determinants of FlOP concentrations are not fully understood.
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32
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Barrios E, Sierra MS, Musetti C, Forman D. The burden of oesophageal cancer in Central and South America. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 44 Suppl 1:S53-S61. [PMID: 27678323 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Oesophageal cancer shows marked geographic variations and is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. We described the burden of this malignancy in Central and South America. METHODS Regional and national level incidence data were obtained from 48 population-based cancer registries in 13 countries. Mortality data were obtained from the WHO mortality database. Incidence of oesophageal cancer by histological subtype were available from high-quality population-based cancer registries. RESULTS Males had higher incidence and mortality rates than females (male-to-female ratios: 2-6:1 and 2-5:1). In 2003-2007, the highest rates were in Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina and Chile. Mortality rates followed the incidence patterns. Incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was higher than adenocarcinoma (AC), except in females from Cuenca (Ecuador). SCC and AC incidence were higher in males than females, except in the Region of Antofagasta and Valdivia (Chile), Manizales (Colombia) and Cuenca (Ecuador). Incidence and mortality rates tended to decline in Argentina, Chile, Brazil (incidence) and Costa Rica from 1997 to 2008. CONCLUSION The geographic variation and sex disparity in oesophageal cancer across Central and South America may reflect differences in the prevalence of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption which highlights the need to implement and/or strengthen tobacco and alcohol control policies. Maté consumption, obesity, diet and Helicobacter pylori infection may also explain the variation in oesophageal cancer rates but these relationships should be evaluated. Continuous monitoring of oesophageal cancer rates is necessary to provide the basis for cancer prevention and control in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Barrios
- Registro Nacional de Cáncer, CHLCC, Uruguay; Dept. of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Medicine, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Monica S Sierra
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of Cancer Surveillance, Lyon, France.
| | | | - David Forman
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Section of Cancer Surveillance, Lyon, France
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Okada E, Nakamura K, Ukawa S, Sakata K, Date C, Iso H, Tamakoshi A. Dietary Patterns and Risk of Esophageal Cancer Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1001-9. [PMID: 27366932 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1192202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Several case-control studies have associated dietary patterns with esophageal cancer (EC) risk, but prospective studies are scarce. We investigated dietary pattern and EC mortality risk associations by smoking status. Participants were 26,562 40- to 79-yr-old Japanese men, who enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study between 1988 and 1990. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EC mortality in nonsmokers and smokers were estimated using Cox proportional models. During follow-up (1988-2009), 132 participants died of EC. Using a baseline food frequency questionnaire and factor analysis, vegetable, animal, and dairy product food patterns were identified. EC risk decreased significantly with a higher factor score for the dairy product pattern (Ptrend = 0.042) and was more pronounced in smokers [multivariable HR (4th vs. 1st quartiles) = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.30, 1.09; Ptrend = 0.021]. Neither vegetable nor animal food patterns were significant overall; however, EC risk increased with a higher factor score for the animal food pattern in nonsmokers [multivariable HR (4th vs. 1st quartiles) = 6.01, 95% CI: 1.17, 30.88; Ptrend = 0.021], although the small number of events was a limitation. Our findings suggest a dairy product pattern may reduce EC risk in Japanese men, especially smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Okada
- a Department of Public Health , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Koshi Nakamura
- a Department of Public Health , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Shigekazu Ukawa
- a Department of Public Health , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Kiyomi Sakata
- b Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine , Iwate Medical University , Yahaba , Japan
| | - Chigusa Date
- c Department of Food Science and Nutrition , School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo , Himeji , Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- d Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- a Department of Public Health , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan
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Abstract
Despite the potentially important roles of diet and nutrition in cancer prevention, the evidence to support these roles is widely perceived by the public and health professionals as being inconsistent. In this Review, we present the issues and challenges in conducting and interpreting diet-cancer research, including those relating to the design of epidemiological studies, dietary data collection methods, and factors that affect the outcome of intervention trials. Approaches to improve effect estimates, such as the use of biomarkers to improve the accuracy of characterizing dietary exposures, are also discussed. Nutritional and dietary patterns are complex; therefore, the use of a reductionist approach to investigations, by focusing on specific nutrients, can produce misleading information. The effects of tumour heterogeneity and the failure to appreciate the nonlinear, U-shaped relationship between micronutrients and cancer in both observational studies and clinical trials are discussed. New technologies and investigational approaches are enabling the exploration of complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic, metabolic, and gut-microbial processes that will inform our knowledge of the diet-cancer relationship. Communicating the status of the evolving science in the context of the overall scientific evidence base, and evidence-based dietary recommendations for cancer prevention, should be emphasized in guidance for the public and for individual patients.
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35
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Sun Y, Li Z, Li J, Li Z, Han J. A Healthy Dietary Pattern Reduces Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2016; 8:134. [PMID: 26959051 PMCID: PMC4808863 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diet and nutrients play an important role in cancer development and progress; a healthy dietary pattern has been found to be associated with several types of cancer. However, the association between a healthy eating pattern and lung cancer risk is still unclear. Objective: Therefore, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate whether a healthy eating pattern might reduce lung cancer risk. Methods: We identified relevant studies from the PubMed and Embase databases up to October 2015, and the relative risks were extracted and combined by the fixed-effects model when no substantial heterogeneity was observed; otherwise, the random-effects model was employed. Subgroup and publication bias analyses were also performed. Results: Finally, eight observational studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk of lung cancer for the highest vs. lowest category of healthy dietary pattern was 0.81 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.75–0.86), and no significant heterogeneity was detected. The relative risks (RRs) for non-smokers, former smokers and current smokers were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.63–1.27), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62–0.89) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.79–0.93), respectively. The results remained stable in subgroup analyses by other confounders and sensitivity analysis. Conclusions: The results of our meta-analysis suggest that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a lower lung cancer risk, and they provide more beneficial evidence for changing the diet pattern in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlai Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China.
| | - Zhenxiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China.
| | - Jianning Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operation, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 38 Wuyingshan Road, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Zengjun Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China.
| | - Jianjun Han
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China.
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Liu X, Wang X, Lin S, Lao X, Zhao J, Song Q, Su X, Tak-Sun Yu I. Dietary patterns and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based case-control study in a rural population. Clin Nutr 2015; 36:260-266. [PMID: 26687305 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Few studies were available in exploring the roles of dietary patterns in the development of esophageal cancer, especially in China. This study aimed to investigate the roles of dietary patterns in the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a Chinese rural population. METHODS A population-based cases-control study was designed and conducted in Yanting County, Sichuan Province of China during two years (between June 2011 and May 2013). A total of 942 pairs of ESCC cases and controls were recruited. A food frequency questionnaire was adopted to collect information of dietary consumption. Dietary patterns were extracted by using principle component and factor analysis based on 24 dietary groups. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by using logistic regression model, with adjustment for possible confounding variables. RESULTS Four major dietary patterns were identified, which were labeled as "prudent", "vegetable and fruits", "processed food" and "alcohol drinking". In comparison of the highest with the lowest quartiles of pattern scores, the processed food pattern (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 2.13-3.80) and alcohol drinking pattern (OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.95-3.71) were significantly associated with an increased risk of ESCC, while the vegetable and fruit pattern (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.92) was associated with reduced risk by 30%. The prudent pattern was associated with a reduced risk by 33% (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50-0.88) in a multivariate logistic regression model, but no statistical significance was reached in a composite model. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest an important role of dietary patterns in ESCC. Diets rich in vegetables and fruits may decrease the risk of ESCC, whereas diets rich in processed food and drinking alcohol may increase the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Occupational and Environmental Health Academy, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Sihao Lin
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Occupational and Environmental Health Academy, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiangqian Lao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Qingkun Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Therapeutic Vaccine, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuefen Su
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ignatius Tak-Sun Yu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Occupational and Environmental Health Academy, Hong Kong, China.
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Malagoli C, Malavolti M, Agnoli C, Crespi CM, Fiorentini C, Farnetani F, Longo C, Ricci C, Albertini G, Lanzoni A, Veneziano L, Virgili A, Pagliarello C, Santini M, Fanti PA, Dika E, Sieri S, Krogh V, Pellacani G, Vinceti M. Diet Quality and Risk of Melanoma in an Italian Population. J Nutr 2015; 145:1800-7. [PMID: 26108541 PMCID: PMC4516764 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.209320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some results from laboratory and epidemiologic studies suggest that diet may influence the risk of melanoma, but convincing evidence for a role of single nutrients or food items is lacking. Diet quality, which considers the combined effect of multiple food items, may be superior for examining this relation. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess whether diet quality, evaluated with the use of 4 different dietary indexes, is associated with melanoma risk. METHODS In this population-based case-control study, we analyzed the relation between 4 diet quality indexes, the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) index, Greek Mediterranean Index (GMI), and Italian Mediterranean Index (IMI), and melanoma risk in a northern Italian community, with the use of data from 380 cases and 719 matched controls who completed a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS In the overall sample, we found an inverse association between disease risk and the HEI-2010 and DASH index, but not the Mediterranean indexes, adjusting for potential confounders (skin phototype, body mass index, energy intake, sunburn history, skin sun reaction, and education). However, in sex stratified analyses, the association appeared only in women (P-trend: 0.10 and 0.04 for the HEI-2010 and DASH index, respectively). The inverse relations were stronger in women younger than age 50 y than in older women, for whom the GMI and IMI scores also showed an inverse association with disease risk (P-trend: 0.05 and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that diet quality may play a role in cutaneous melanoma etiology among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Malagoli
- Center for Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical, and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- Center for Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical, and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Catherine M Crespi
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Dermatologic Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Longo
- Dermatologic Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ricci
- Dermatologic Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Anna Lanzoni
- Dermatologic Unit, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emi Dika
- Dermatologic Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Dermatologic Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Center for Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical, and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy;
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38
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Huang TB, Ding PP, Chen JF, Yan Y, Zhang L, Liu H, Liu PC, Che JP, Zheng JH, Yao XD. Dietary fiber intake and risk of renal cell carcinoma: evidence from a meta-analysis. Med Oncol 2014; 31:125. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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