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Mm Yahya S, Elsayed GH. The role of MiRNA-34 family in different signaling pathways and its therapeutic options. Gene 2024; 931:148829. [PMID: 39154971 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
MiRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that have been shown to affect a vast number of genes at the post-transcriptional level, hence regulating several signaling pathways. Because the miRNA-34 family regulates a number of different signaling pathways, including those linked to cancer, the immune system, metabolism, cellular structure, and neurological disorders, it has garnered a great deal of attention from researchers. Members of the miRNA-34 family have been shown to inhibit tumors in a variety of cancer types. This family is also important for obesity, the cardiovascular system, and glycolysis. It's interesting to note that the miRNA-34 family is known to play a role in major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease (PD), adverse childhood experiences or trauma, regulation of stress responses, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and stress-related psychatric conditions. In this review, the expected targets of the miRNA-34 family are presented alongside the well-established targets identified by pathway analysis. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of this miRNA family will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Mm Yahya
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, and Stem Cell Lab, Centre of Excellence for Advanced SciencesNational Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | - Ghada H Elsayed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, and Stem Cell Lab, Centre of Excellence for Advanced SciencesNational Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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2
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Huber C, Elsaeed O, Lahmer P, Moertl S. Ionizing radiation effects on blood-derived extracellular vesicles: insights into miR-34a-5p-mediated cellular responses and biomarker potential. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:471. [PMID: 39358789 PMCID: PMC11446100 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adverse effects of ionizing radiation on normal tissues limit the radiation dose in cancer treatment, thereby compromising treatment efficiency. Among the consistently affected non-cancer cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exhibit high radiosensitivity and have the potential to induce systemic effects. PBMC-released extracellular vesicles (EVs), contribute to the communication of such systemic effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation on EVs as part of the systemic response of PBMCs in terms of microRNA cargo and biological functions.Therefore, whole blood samples from healthy donors were irradiated ex-vivo (0 Gy, 1 Gy, 2 Gy, 4 Gy) and EVs from PBMCs were isolated after 96 h by PEG precipitation or ultracentrifugation. Candidate microRNAs were examined in PBMC-derived EVs from individual donors. The uptake of membrane-stained fluorescent EVs by different recipient cells was quantified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. The biological effects of increased miR-34a-5p and of total EVs on recipient cells were assessed.Irradiation of PBMCs induced a dose-dependent upregulation of miR-34a-5p within EVs and PBMCs. However, interindividual differences between donors were noticed in the extent of upregulation, and small EVs displayed more pronounced changes in microRNA levels in comparison to large EVs. Irradiation in presence of the small molecule inhibitor KU-60019 demonstrated that this upregulation is dependent on ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) activation. Moreover, fibroblasts and keratinocytes were identified as preferred EV recipients. Increased miR-34a-5p levels led to a significant reduction in viability and induction of senescence in keratinocytes but not in fibroblasts, indicating a cell type-specific response.In conclusion, this study further elucidated the complex cellular response of normal tissue after radiation exposure. It confirmed radiation-induced modifications of microRNA expression levels in EVs from PBMCs and identified a robust upregulation of miR-34a-5p in the small EV subfraction, suggesting this microRNA as a potential novel candidate for the development of biomarkers for radiation exposure. Moreover, the different uptake efficiencies observed among specific cell types suggested that EVs induce cell type-specific responses in the intercellular communication of systemic radiation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Huber
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionizing & Non-Ionizing Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Omar Elsaeed
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionizing & Non-Ionizing Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pia Lahmer
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionizing & Non-Ionizing Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionizing & Non-Ionizing Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Neuherberg, Germany.
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Kumar SH, Acharyya S, Chouksey A, Soni N, Nazeer N, Mishra PK. Air pollution-linked epigenetic modifications in placental DNA: Prognostic potential for identifying future foetal anomalies. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 129:108675. [PMID: 39074641 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to air pollution is a significant risk factor for the mother and the developing foetus. The accumulation of pollutants in the placenta can cause a self-cascade loop of pro-inflammatory cytokine responses and DNA double-strand breaks. Previous research has shown that airborne particulate matter can damage the epigenome and disturb mitochondrial machinery, ultimately impairing placental function. Mitochondria are essential for preserving cellular homeostasis, energy metabolism, redox equilibrium, and epigenetic reprogramming. As these organelles are subtle targets of environmental exposures, any disruption in the signaling pathways can result in epigenomic instability, which can impact gene expression and mitochondrial function. This, in turn, can lead to changes in DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and aberrant expression of microRNAs in proliferating trophoblast cells. The placenta has two distinct layers, cytotrophoblasts, and syncytiotrophoblasts, each with its mitochondria, which play important roles in preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and overall health. Foetal nucleic acids enter maternal circulation during placental development because of necrotic, apoptotic, and inflammatory mechanisms. These nucleic acids reflect normal or abnormal ongoing cellular changes during prenatal foetal development. Detecting cell-free DNA in the bloodstream can be a biomarker for predicting negative pregnancy-related outcomes and recognizing abnormalities in foetal growth. Hence, a thorough understanding of how air pollution induces epigenetic variations within the placenta could offer crucial insights into underlying mechanisms and prolonged repercussions on foetal development and susceptibility in later stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthy Hari Kumar
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Sayanti Acharyya
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Apoorva Chouksey
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Nikita Soni
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Nazim Nazeer
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India.
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Jung J, Lee J, Kang H, Park K, Kim YS, Ha J, So S, Sung S, Yun JH, Jang JH, Choi SJ, Choung YH. miR-409-3p Regulates IFNG and p16 Signaling in the Human Blood of Aging-Related Hearing Loss. Cells 2024; 13:1595. [PMID: 39329776 PMCID: PMC11429563 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Presbycusis, also referred to as age-related hearing loss (ARHL), is a multifaceted condition caused by the natural aging process affecting the auditory system. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in human populations can identify potential genes linked to ARHL. Despite this, our knowledge of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms behind the condition remains incomplete. This study aims to evaluate a potential protective tool for ARHL treatment by comparing human blood-based target gene-miRNA associations regulated in ARHL. To identify promising target genes for ARHL, we utilized an mRNA assay. To determine the role of miRNA in ARHL, we investigated the expression profile of miRNA in whole blood in ARHL patients with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the regulation of candidate genes by microRNA. Through RT-qPCR validation analysis, we finally confirmed the relationship between ARHL and the role of the interferon-gamma (IFNG) gene. This gene can be regarded as an age-related gene. Through gene ontology (GO) analysis, it has been found that these genes are enriched in pathways related to apoptosis. Among them, IFNG induces an inflammatory response, apoptotic cell death, and cellular senescence. We found that miR-409-3p downregulates the expression of the IFNG in vitro. In addition, the downregulation of the IFNG by miRNA 409-3p promoted cell apoptosis and suppressed proliferation. In conclusion, our study produced gene signatures and associated microRNA regulation that could be a protective key for ARHL patients. IFNG genes and miR-409-3p should be investigated for their usefulness as a new biomarker for treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junseo Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cheonan Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cheonan Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsook Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cheonan Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongjin Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cheonan Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Ha
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjun So
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Siung Sung
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Yun
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jun Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cheonan Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hoon Choung
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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Zhang T, Hu Y, Yang N, Yu S, Pu X. The microRNA-34 Family and Its Functional Role in Lung Cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 2024; 47:448-457. [PMID: 38700126 PMCID: PMC11340685 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in humans and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The microRNA-34 (miR-34) family is dysregulated in various human cancers and is an important family of tumor suppressor genes among microRNAs. The miR-34 family is downregulated in lung cancer. It inhibits cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion, arrests the cell cycle, and induces apoptosis or senescence by negatively regulating many oncogenes. It is commonly used to detect and treat lung cancer. This study describes the regulatory role of the miR-34 family in lung cancer and the associated research advances in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Na Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua
| | - Shaofu Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua
| | - Xingxiang Pu
- The Second Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Mesaros O, Veres S, Onciul M, Matei E, Jimbu L, Neaga A, Zdrenghea M. Dysregulated MicroRNAs in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cureus 2024; 16:e68770. [PMID: 39376808 PMCID: PMC11456419 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.68770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs acting as gene expression regulators by modulating the lifespan of messenger RNA. Commonly referred to as the most frequent leukemia in the Western world, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a lymphoproliferative malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of CD19, CD23, and CD5-positive mature B-cells. While this pathology is regarded as less aggressive and has a variety of treatment options, the cause of its clinical heterogeneity is not yet understood. Moreover, the prognostic markers and treatment recommendations based on predictive markers are limited. This review aims to investigate some miRNAs that are dysregulated and possibly involved in CLL pathogenesis as a starting point for the proposal of new prognostic and predictive markers and, as more agents targeting miRNA expression become available, their potential role as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Mesaros
- Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
- Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
| | - Stefana Veres
- Otolaryngology, Policlinica Grigorescu, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
| | - Madalina Onciul
- Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
| | - Emilia Matei
- Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
- Pathology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
| | - Laura Jimbu
- Hematology, Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, ROU
- Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
| | - Alexandra Neaga
- Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
| | - Mihnea Zdrenghea
- Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, ROU
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7
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Su X, Wang S, Tian Y, Teng M, Wang J, Zhang Y, Ji W, Zhang Y. Identification of Autophagy-Related Genes in Patients with Acute Spinal Cord Injury and Analysis of Potential Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04431-x. [PMID: 39150631 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of spinal cord injury (SCI); however, its specific mechanisms remain unclear. This study is aimed at identifying potential molecular biomarkers related to autophagy in SCI through bioinformatics analysis and exploring potential therapeutic targets. The mRNA expression profile dataset GSE151371 was obtained from the GEO database, and R software was used to screen for differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DE-ARGs) in SCI. A total of 39 DE-ARGs were detected in this study. Enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, TF-mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analysis, and the DSigDB database were used to investigate the regulatory mechanisms between DE-ARGs and identify potential drugs for SCI. Enrichment analysis revealed associations with autophagy, apoptosis, and cell death. PPI analysis identified the highest-scoring module and selected 10 hub genes to construct the TF-mRNA-miRNA network, revealing regulatory mechanisms. Analysis of the DSigDB database indicated that 1,9-Pyrazoloanthrone may be a potential therapeutic drug. Machine learning algorithms identified 3 key genes as candidate biomarkers. Additionally, immune cell infiltration results revealed significant correlations between PINK1, NLRC4, VAMP3, and immune cell accumulation. Molecular docking simulations revealed that imatinib can exert relatively strong regulatory effects on the three key proteins. Finally, in vivo experimental data revealed that the overall biological process of autophagy was disrupted. In summary, this study successfully identified 39 DE-ARGs and discovered several promising biomarkers, significantly contributing to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of autophagy in SCI. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Shenglong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Menghao Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Wenchen Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.
| | - Yingang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.
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Gu Y, Qiu Y, Li Y, Wen W. Research progress on the regulatory mechanism of cell senescence in arsenic toxicity: a systematic review. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae136. [PMID: 39184219 PMCID: PMC11339171 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
As an element with metalloid properties, arsenic is pervasively present in the environment and is recognized as a potent carcinogen. Consequently, the issue of human arsenic exposure has become a significant concern within the global public health sector. Numerous studies have indicated that arsenic induces cellular senescence through various mechanisms, including triggering epigenetic alterations, inducing the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), promoting telomere shortening, and causing mitochondrial dysfunction. This article collates and summarizes the latest research advancements on the involvement of cellular senescence in arsenic toxicity and explores the mechanisms of arsenic-induced toxicity. This study aims to provide new perspectives and directions for future research on arsenic toxicity and the development of prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gu
- The School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Ying Qiu
- The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yujian Li
- The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weihua Wen
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
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Niu Y, Zhang Y, Tian W, Wang Y, Liu Y, Ji H, Cai H, Han R, Tian Y, Liu X, Kang X, Li Z. The long noncoding RNA lncMPD2 inhibits myogenesis by targeting the miR-34a-5p/THBS1 axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133688. [PMID: 38971281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in regulating skeletal muscle development. However, little is known about their role in regulating chicken myogenesis. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA, lncMPD2, through transcriptome sequencing of chicken myoblasts at different developmental stages. Functionally, gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that lncMPD2 inhibited myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Mechanistically, lncMPD2 directly bound to miR-34a-5p, and miR-34a-5p promoted myoblasts proliferation and differentiation and inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of its target gene THBS1. THBS1 inhibited myoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro and delayed muscle regeneration in vivo. Furthermore, rescue experiments showed that lncMPD2 counteracted the inhibitory effects of miR-34a-5p on THBS1 and myogenesis-related gene mRNA and protein expression. In conclusion, lncMPD2 regulates the miR-34a-5p/THBS1 axis to inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and skeletal muscle regeneration. This study provides more insight into the molecular regulatory network of skeletal muscle development, identifying novel potential biomarkers for improving chicken quality and increasing chicken yield. In addition, this study provides a potential goal for breeding strategies that minimize muscle damage in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yushi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Weihua Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanxing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Haigang Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hanfang Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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10
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Pinto S, Pereira SC, Rocha A, Barros A, Alves MG, Oliveira PF. Sperm-borne miR-34c-5p and miR-191-3p as markers for sperm motility and embryo developmental competence. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 39044679 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm-borne microRNAs play a pivotal role in influencing essential cellular processes during fertilization, impacting the quality of embryo development. Dysregulated microRNA profiles have been associated with compromised embryonic development and increased incidences of pregnancy loss. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the potential associations between the abundance of miR-34c-5p and miR-191-3p in human spermatozoa with sperm quality, as well as with embryo quality and metabolic performance during in vitro development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen couples who underwent a total of 13 cycles participated in this study. The sperm quality was assessed using conventional methods following World Health Organization guidelines. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to measure microRNA abundance in spermatozoa. Embryos were categorized as good, lagging, or bad based on morphokinetic evaluation. Evaluation of embryo metabolic performance involved tracking changes in specific metabolites within the cultured media using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between microRNA abundance in human spermatozoa and all other collected data. RESULTS Our findings revealed a negative correlation between the abundance of miR-34c-5p (but not miR-191-3p) and total sperm motility, potentially mediated by the modulation of key signaling pathways. Additionally, higher levels of miR-34c-5p in spermatozoa were strongly associated with the consumption or release of key metabolites by developing embryos, particularly those linked with lipid and glucose metabolism, suggesting enhanced metabolic performance, while miR-191-3p was mostly associated with glucose consumption. Concurrently, only miR-34c-5p content in spermatozoa correlated with higher embryo quality. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study provides evidence suggesting that the abundance of miR-34c-5p in spermatozoa is correlated not only with total sperm motility but also with markers of embryo developmental competence, highlighting the potential significance of this sperm microRNA content as a biomarker in assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia Pinto
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Professor Alberto Barros, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara C Pereira
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Rocha
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Barros
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Professor Alberto Barros, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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11
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Yu L, Li Y, Song S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Yang Z, Wang Y. The dual role of sirtuins in cancer: biological functions and implications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1384928. [PMID: 38947884 PMCID: PMC11211395 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1384928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are pivotal in orchestrating numerous cellular pathways, critically influencing cell metabolism, DNA repair, aging processes, and oxidative stress. In recent years, the involvement of sirtuins in tumor biology has garnered substantial attention, with a growing body of evidence underscoring their regulatory roles in various aberrant cellular processes within tumor environments. This article delves into the sirtuin family and its biological functions, shedding light on their dual roles-either as promoters or inhibitors-in various cancers including oral, breast, hepatocellular, lung, and gastric cancers. It further explores potential anti-tumor agents targeting sirtuins, unraveling the complex interplay between sirtuins, miRNAs, and chemotherapeutic drugs. The dual roles of sirtuins in cancer biology reflect the complexity of targeting these enzymes but also highlight the immense therapeutic potential. These advancements hold significant promise for enhancing clinical outcomes, marking a pivotal step forward in the ongoing battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yu
- Department of Respiratory, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qionglai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Song
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yalin Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailian Wang
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengteng Yang
- Department of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Nanning, China
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12
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Mishra J, Chakraborty S, Nandi P, Manna S, Baral T, Niharika, Roy A, Mishra P, Patra SK. Epigenetic regulation of androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:223-320. [PMID: 39032951 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide. Besides genetic alterations, epigenetic modulations including DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA mediated alteration of gene expression are the key driving forces for the prostate tumor development and cancer progression. Aberrant expression and/or the activity of the epigenetic modifiers/enzymes, results in aberrant expression of genes involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, cell adhesion, apoptosis, autophagy, tumor suppression and hormone response and thereby disease progression. Altered epigenome is associated with prostate cancer recurrence, progression, aggressiveness and transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent phenotype. These epigenetic modifications are reversible and various compounds/drugs targeting the epigenetic enzymes have been developed that are effective in cancer treatment. This chapter focuses on the epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer initiation and progression, listing different epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of the disease and their potential as therapeutic targets. This chapter also summarizes different epigenetic drugs approved for prostate cancer therapy and the drugs available for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhajit Chakraborty
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Piyasa Nandi
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Tirthankar Baral
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Ankan Roy
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prahallad Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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13
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Hashem M, Mohandesi Khosroshahi E, Aliahmady M, Ghanei M, Soofi Rezaie Y, alsadat Jafari Y, rezaei F, Khodaparast eskadehi R, Kia Kojoori K, jamshidian F, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Hasani Sadi F, Taheriazam A, Entezari M. Non-coding RNA transcripts, incredible modulators of cisplatin chemo-resistance in bladder cancer through operating a broad spectrum of cellular processes and signaling mechanism. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:560-582. [PMID: 38515791 PMCID: PMC10955558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a highly frequent neoplasm in correlation with significant rate of morbidity, mortality, and cost. The onset of BC is predominantly triggered by environmental and/or occupational exposures to carcinogens, such as tobacco. There are two distinct pathways by which BC can be developed, including non-muscle-invasive papillary tumors (NMIBC) and non-papillary (or solid) muscle-invasive tumors (MIBC). The Cancer Genome Atlas project has further recognized key genetic drivers of MIBC along with its subtypes with particular properties and therapeutic responses; nonetheless, NMIBC is the predominant BC presentation among the suffering individuals. Radical cystoprostatectomy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have been verified to be the common therapeutic interventions in metastatic tumors, among which chemotherapeutics are more conventionally utilized. Although multiple chemo drugs have been broadly administered for BC treatment, cisplatin is reportedly the most effective chemo drug against the corresponding malignancy. Notwithstanding, tumor recurrence is usually occurred following the consumption of cisplatin regimens, particularly due to the progression of chemo-resistant trait. In this framework, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), as abundant RNA transcripts arise from the human genome, are introduced to serve as crucial contributors to tumor expansion and cisplatin chemo-resistance in bladder neoplasm. In the current review, we first investigated the best-known ncRNAs, i.e. microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), correlated with cisplatin chemo-resistance in BC cells and tissues. We noticed that these ncRNAs could mediate the BC-related cisplatin-resistant phenotype through diverse cellular processes and signaling mechanisms, reviewed here. Eventually, diagnostic and prognostic potential of ncRNAs, as well as their therapeutic capabilities were highlighted in regard to BC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashem
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Aliahmady
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morvarid Ghanei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasamin Soofi Rezaie
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasamin alsadat Jafari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh rezaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramtin Khodaparast eskadehi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Kia Kojoori
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - faranak jamshidian
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Hasani Sadi
- General Practitioner, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616913555, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Wu HH, Leng S, Sergi C, Leng R. How MicroRNAs Command the Battle against Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5865. [PMID: 38892054 PMCID: PMC11172831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate more than 30% of genes in humans. Recent studies have revealed that miRNAs play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. Large sets of miRNAs in human tumors are under-expressed compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, experiments have shown that interference with miRNA processing enhances tumorigenesis. Multiple studies have documented the causal role of miRNAs in cancer, and miRNA-based anticancer therapies are currently being developed. This review primarily focuses on two key points: (1) miRNAs and their role in human cancer and (2) the regulation of tumor suppressors by miRNAs. The review discusses (a) the regulation of the tumor suppressor p53 by miRNA, (b) the critical role of the miR-144/451 cluster in regulating the Itch-p63-Ago2 pathway, and (c) the regulation of PTEN by miRNAs. Future research and the perspectives of miRNA in cancer are also discussed. Understanding these pathways will open avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting miRNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Helena Wu
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada;
| | - Sarah Leng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada (C.S.)
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada (C.S.)
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Roger Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada;
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15
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Hong J, Sim D, Lee BH, Sarangthem V, Park RW. Multifunctional elastin-like polypeptide nanocarriers for efficient miRNA delivery in cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:293. [PMID: 38802812 PMCID: PMC11131307 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exogenous delivery of miRNA to mimic and restore miRNA-34a activity in various cancer models holds significant promise in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is often impeded by challenges, including a short half-life, propensity for off-target accumulation, susceptibility to inactivation by blood-based enzymes, concerns regarding patient safety, and the substantial cost associated with scaling up. As a means of overcoming these barriers, we propose the development of miRNA-loaded Tat-A86 nanoparticles by virtue of Tat-A86's ability to shield the loaded agent from external environmental factors, reducing degradation and inactivation, while enhancing circulation time and targeted accumulation. RESULTS Genetically engineered Tat-A86, featuring 16 copies of the interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R)-binding peptide (AP1), Tat for tumor penetration, and an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) for presenting target ligands and ensuring stability, served as the basis for this delivery system. Comparative groups, including Tat-E60 and A86, were employed to discern differences in binding and penetration. The designed ELP-based nanoparticle Tat-A86 effectively condensed miRNA, forming stable nanocomplexes under physiological conditions. The miRNA/Tat-A86 formulation bound specifically to tumor cells and facilitated stable miRNA delivery into them, effectively inhibiting tumor growth. The efficacy of miRNA/Tat-A86 was further evaluated using three-dimensional spheroids of lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) as in vitro model and LLC tumor-bearing mice as an in vivo model. It was found that miRNA/Tat-A86 facilitates effective cell killing by markedly improving miRNA penetration, leading to a substantial reduction in the size of LLC spheroids. Compared to other controls, Tat-A86 demonstrated superior efficacy in suppressing the growth of 3D cellular aggregates. Moreover, at equivalent doses, miRNA-34a delivered by Tat-A86 inhibited the growth of LLC cells in allograft mice. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these studies demonstrate that Tat-A86 nanoparticles can deliver miRNA systemically, overcoming the basic hurdles impeding miRNA delivery by facilitating both miRNA uptake and stability, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisan Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Sim
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Heon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijaya Sarangthem
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rang-Woon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Gao W, Zhou J, Morshedi M. MicroRNA-34 and gastrointestinal cancers: a player with big functions. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:163. [PMID: 38725047 PMCID: PMC11084024 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that gastrointestinal cancer is the most common form of cancer across the globe and is the leading contributor to cancer-related death. The intricate mechanisms underlying the growth of GI cancers have been identified. It is worth mentioning that both non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and certain types of RNA, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), can have considerable impact on the development of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. As a tumour suppressor, in the group of short non-coding regulatory RNAs is miR-34a. miR-34a silences multiple proto-oncogenes at the post-transcriptional stage by targeting them, which inhibits all physiologically relevant cell proliferation pathways. However, it has been discovered that deregulation of miR-34a plays important roles in the growth of tumors and the development of cancer, including invasion, metastasis, and the tumor-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further understanding of miR-34a's molecular pathways in cancer is also necessary for the development of precise diagnoses and effective treatments. We outlined the most recent research on miR-34a functions in GI cancers in this review. Additionally, we emphasize the significance of exosomal miR-34 in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Mohammadamin Morshedi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Alden NA, Yeingst TJ, Pfeiffer HM, Celik N, Arrizabalaga JH, Helton AM, Liu Y, Stairs DB, Glick AB, Goyal N, Hayes DJ. Near-Infrared Induced miR-34a Delivery from Nanoparticles in Esophageal Cancer Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303593. [PMID: 38215360 PMCID: PMC11032112 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Current nucleic acid delivery methods have not achieved efficient, non-toxic delivery of miRNAs with tumor-specific selectivity. In this study, a new delivery system based on light-inducible gold-silver-gold, core-shell-shell (CSS) nanoparticles is presented. This system delivers small nucleic acid therapeutics with precise spatiotemporal control, demonstrating the potential for achieving tumor-specific selectivity and efficient delivery of miRNA mimics. The light-inducible particles leverage the photothermal heating of metal nanoparticles due to the local surface plasmonic resonance for controlled chemical cleavage and release of the miRNA mimic payload. The CSS morphology and composition result in a plasmonic resonance within the near-infrared (NIR) region of the light spectrum. Through this method, exogenous miR-34a-5p mimics are effectively delivered to human squamous cell carcinoma TE10 cells, leading to apoptosis induction without adverse effects on untransformed keratinocytes in vitro. The CSS nanoparticle delivery system is tested in vivo in Foxn1nu athymic nude mice with bilateral human esophageal TE10 cancer cells xenografts. These experiments reveal that this CSS nanoparticle conjugates, when systemically administered, followed by 850 nm light emitting diode irradiation at the tumor site, 6 h post-injection, produce a significant and sustained reduction in tumor volume, exceeding 87% in less than 72 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A. Alden
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Tyus J. Yeingst
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Hanna M. Pfeiffer
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Nazmiye Celik
- The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesMillennium Science ComplexThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
- Department of Engineering Science and MechanicsPenn State University212 Earth‐Engineering Sciences Bldg.University ParkPA16802USA
| | - Julien H. Arrizabalaga
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Angelica M. Helton
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Douglas B. Stairs
- Department of PathologyCollege of MedicineThe Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
- Penn State Cancer InstituteCollege of MedicineThe Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Adam B. Glick
- The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesMillennium Science ComplexThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
- The Center for Molecular Toxicology and CarcinogenesisThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Neerav Goyal
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryCollege of MedicineThe Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Daniel J. Hayes
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
- The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesMillennium Science ComplexThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
- Materials Research InstituteMillennium Science ComplexThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
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18
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Shi J, Zhou S, Zhao J, Xu D, Huang H, Li M, Tian X, He L, Wu C, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Zeng X. Microarray analysis of microrna expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis. J Transl Int Med 2024; 12:170-176. [PMID: 38779122 PMCID: PMC11107181 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2022-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a new class of biomarkers in the context of connective tissue disorders. The miRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) have not been fully elucidated. The objective is to investigate miRNAs expression profile in PBMCs of patients with PM/DM. Methods Microarray technology was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in PBMCs obtained from 6 untreated PM/DM patients and 3 healthy controls (HCs). TaqMan-based stem-loop real-time PCR detection was used for validation in a cohort of 34 PM/DM patients and 20 HCs. Results Microarray analysis revealed 38 differentially expressed miRNAs (24 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated) in PM/DM patients compared to HCs. Four miRNAs (miR-320a, miR-335-3p, miR-34a-5p and miR-454-3p) were chosen for real-time PCR validation. The expression of miR-34a-5p was significantly upregulated in PM/DM group (P < 0.05). In subgroup analysis, miR-34a-5p was significantly upregulated in interstitial lung disease (ILD) group and DM group (P < 0.001). The level of SIRT1, a validated target of miR-34a, was significantly lower in PBMCs of PM/DM patients compared with HCs. Conclusions MiR-34a-5p may potentially participate in the pathogenesis of PM/DM through SIRT1, and may serve as a potential new biomarker for PM/DM-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Jiuliang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing100730, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Linrong He
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing100029, China
| | - Chanyuan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH); Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing100730, China
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19
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Oda T, Tsutsumi K, Obata T, Ueta E, Kikuchi T, Ako S, Fujii Y, Yamazaki T, Uchida D, Matsumoto K, Horiguchi S, Kato H, Okada H, Chijimatsu R, Otsuka M. MicroRNA-34a-5p: A pivotal therapeutic target in gallbladder cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200765. [PMID: 38596294 PMCID: PMC10963938 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer incidence has been increasing globally, and it remains challenging to expect long prognosis with the current systemic chemotherapy. We identified a novel nucleic acid-mediated therapeutic target against gallbladder cancer by using innovative organoid-based gallbladder cancer models generated from KrasLSL-G12D/+; Trp53f/f mice. Using comprehensive microRNA expression analyses and a bioinformatics approach, we identified significant microRNA-34a-5p downregulation in both murine gallbladder cancer organoids and resected human gallbladder cancer specimens. In three different human gallbladder cancer cell lines, forced microRNA-34a-5p expression inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell-cycle arrest at the G1 phase by suppressing direct target (CDK6) expression. Furthermore, comprehensive RNA sequencing revealed the significant enrichment of gene sets related to the cell-cycle regulators after microRNA-34a-5p expression in gallbladder cancer cells. In a murine xenograft model, locally injected microRNA-34a-5p mimics significantly inhibited gallbladder cancer progression and downregulated CDK6 expression. These results provide a rationale for promising therapeutics against gallbladder cancer by microRNA-34a-5p injection, as well as a strategy to explore therapeutic targets against cancers using organoid-based models, especially for those lacking useful genetically engineered murine models, such as gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Oda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Taisuke Obata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Eijiro Ueta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kikuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ako
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Yamazaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Horiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hironari Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryota Chijimatsu
- Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
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20
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Abdoli Shadbad M, Baghbanzadeh A, Baradaran B. hsa-miR-34a-5p enhances temozolomide anti-tumoral effects on glioblastoma: in-silico and in-vitro study. EXCLI JOURNAL 2024; 23:384-400. [PMID: 38655096 PMCID: PMC11036064 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is a commonly diagnosed brain neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the significance of microRNA (miR) dysregulation in tumor development and progression. This study investigated the effect of hsa-miR-34a-5p and its combination with temozolomide on GBM, the related molecular mechanisms, and the signaling pathway using in-silico and in-vitro approaches. The in-silico tumor bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses were done on TCGA-GTEx, CGGA, GSE13276, GSE90603, and GSE182109 datasets. After selecting the A172 cell line, hsa-miR-34a-5p mimics were transfected, and the cell viability, migration, cell cycle, clonogenicity, and apoptosis of studied groups were studied using MTT, scratch, flow cytometry, colony formation, and Annexin V/PI assays. The mRNA expression of CASP9, CASP3, CASP8, MMP2, CD44, CDK6, CDK4, CCND1, RAF1, MAP2K1, MET, SRC, and CD274 was studied using qRT-PCR method. hsa-miR-34a-5p downregulated RAF1 expression, as the signaling factor of the MAPK pathway. The combined treatment significantly downregulated the expression of MET, SRC, and MAP2K1, leading to the inhibition of the MET/MAPK pathway compared to temozolomide. Besides exerting anti-tumoral effects on the cell viability, migration, cell cycle, apoptosis, and clonogenicity of A172 cells, its combination with temozolomide enhanced temozolomide anti-tumoral effect. Compared to temozolomide, the combined treatment significantly decreased CDK4, CDK6, CCND1, and MMP2 expression. hsa-miR-34a-5p targets RAF1, as the signaling factor of the MAPK pathway, and potentiates the temozolomide anti-tumoral effect on A172 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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21
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Ostrycharz E, Fitzner A, Kęsy A, Siennicka A, Hukowska-Szematowicz B. MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of apoptosis and oxidative stress-related gene expression in rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus GI.1 and GI.2 genotypes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1349535. [PMID: 38516020 PMCID: PMC10955125 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1349535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are a group of small, 17-25 nucleotide, non-coding RNA that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. To date, little is known about the molecular signatures of regulatory interactions between miRs and apoptosis and oxidative stress in viral diseases. Lagovirus europaeus is a virus that causes severe disease in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) called Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD) and belongs to the Caliciviridae family, Lagovirus genus. Within Lagovirus europaeus associated with RHD, two genotypes (GI.1 and GI.2) have been distinguished, and the GI.1 genotype includes four variants (GI.1a, GI.1b, GI.1c, and GI.1d). The study aimed to assess the expression of miRs and their target genes involved in apoptosis and oxidative stress, as well as their potential impact on the pathways during Lagovirus europaeus-two genotypes (GI.1 and GI.2) infection of different virulences in four tissues (liver, lung, kidneys, and spleen). The expression of miRs and target genes related to apoptosis and oxidative stress was determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). In this study, we evaluated the expression of miR-21 (PTEN, PDCD4), miR-16b (Bcl-2, CXCL10), miR-34a (p53, SIRT1), and miRs-related to oxidative stress-miR-122 (Bach1) and miR-132 (Nfr-2). We also examined the biomarkers of both processes (Bax, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Caspase-3, PARP) and HO-I as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Our report is the first to present the regulatory effects of miRs on apoptosis and oxidative stress genes in rabbit infection with Lagovirus europaeus-two genotypes (GI.1 and GI.2) in four tissues (liver, lungs, kidneys, and spleen). The regulatory effect of miRs indicates that, on the one hand, miRs can intensify apoptosis (miR-16b, miR-34a) in the examined organs in response to a viral stimulus and, on the other hand, inhibit (miR-21), which in both cases may be a determinant of the pathogenesis of RHD and tissue damage. Biomarkers of the Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio promote more intense apoptosis after infection with the Lagovirus europaeus GI.2 genotype. Our findings demonstrate that miR-122 and miR-132 regulate oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of RHD, which is associated with tissue damage. The HO-1 biomarker in the course of rabbit hemorrhagic disease indicates oxidative tissue damage. Our findings show that miR-21, miR-16b, and miR-34a regulate three apoptosis pathways. Meanwhile, miR-122 and miR-132 are involved in two oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Ostrycharz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Fitzner
- Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, National Veterinary Research Institute-State Research Institute, Zduńska Wola, Poland
- National Reference Laboratory for Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD), Zduńska Wola, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kęsy
- Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, National Veterinary Research Institute-State Research Institute, Zduńska Wola, Poland
- National Reference Laboratory for Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD), Zduńska Wola, Poland
| | - Aldona Siennicka
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beata Hukowska-Szematowicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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22
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Chia SPS, Pang JKS, Soh BS. Current RNA strategies in treating cardiovascular diseases. Mol Ther 2024; 32:580-608. [PMID: 38291757 PMCID: PMC10928165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to impose a significant global health burden, necessitating the exploration of innovative treatment strategies. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)-based therapeutics have emerged as a promising avenue to address the complex molecular mechanisms underlying CVD pathogenesis. We present a comprehensive review of the current state of RNA therapeutics in the context of CVD, focusing on the diverse modalities that bring about transient or permanent modifications by targeting the different stages of the molecular biology central dogma. Considering the immense potential of RNA therapeutics, we have identified common gene targets that could serve as potential interventions for prevalent Mendelian CVD caused by single gene mutations, as well as acquired CVDs developed over time due to various factors. These gene targets offer opportunities to develop RNA-based treatments tailored to specific genetic and molecular pathways, presenting a novel and precise approach to address the complex pathogenesis of both types of cardiovascular conditions. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with delivery strategies to achieve targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics to the cardiovascular system. This review highlights the immense potential of RNA-based interventions as a novel and precise approach to combat CVD, paving the way for future advancements in cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Pei Shan Chia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
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23
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Siwo GH, Singal AG, Waljee AK. Pan-cancer molecular signatures connecting aspartate transaminase (AST) to cancer prognosis, metabolic and immune signatures. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.01.582939. [PMID: 38496547 PMCID: PMC10942358 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.582939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Serum aspartate transaminase (sAST) level is used routinely in conjunction with other clinical assays to assess liver health and disease. Increasing evidence suggests that sAST is associated with all-cause mortality and has prognostic value in several cancers, including gastrointestinal and urothelial cancers. Here, we undertake a systems approach to unravel molecular connections between AST and cancer prognosis, metabolism, and immune signatures at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels. Methods We mined public gene expression data across multiple normal and cancerous tissues using the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEX) resource and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to assess the expression of genes encoding AST isoenzymes (GOT1 and GOT2) and their association with disease prognosis and immune infiltration signatures across multiple tumors. We examined the associations between AST and previously reported pan-cancer molecular subtypes characterized by distinct metabolic and immune signatures. We analyzed human protein-protein interaction networks for interactions between GOT1 and GOT2 with cancer-associated proteins. Using public databases and protein-protein interaction networks, we determined whether the subset of proteins that interact with AST (GOT1 and GOT2 interactomes) are enriched with proteins associated with specific diseases, miRNAs and transcription factors. Results We show that AST transcript isoforms (GOT1 and GOT2) are expressed across a wide range of normal tissues. AST isoforms are upregulated in tumors of the breast, lung, uterus, and thymus relative to normal tissues but downregulated in tumors of the liver, colon, brain, kidney and skeletal sarcomas. At the proteomic level, we find that the expression of AST is associated with distinct pan-cancer molecular subtypes with an enrichment of specific metabolic and immune signatures. Based on human protein-protein interaction data, AST physically interacts with multiple proteins involved in tumor initiation, suppression, progression, and treatment. We find enrichments in the AST interactomes for proteins associated with liver and lung cancer and dermatologic diseases. At the regulatory level, the GOT1 interactome is enriched with the targets of cancer-associated miRNAs, specifically mir34a - a promising cancer therapeutic, while the GOT2 interactome is enriched with proteins that interact with cancer-associated transcription factors. Conclusions Our findings suggest that perturbations in the levels of AST within specific tissues reflect pathophysiological changes beyond tissue damage and have implications for cancer metabolism, immune infiltration, prognosis, and treatment personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit G. Singal
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
- Center for Global Health Equity, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Akbar K. Waljee
- Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
- Center for Global Health Equity, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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24
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Chen Y, Mateski J, Gerace L, Wheeler J, Burl J, Prakash B, Svedin C, Amrick R, Adams BD. Non-coding RNAs and neuroinflammation: implications for neurological disorders. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2024; 249:10120. [PMID: 38463392 PMCID: PMC10911137 DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2024.10120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is considered a balanced inflammatory response important in the intrinsic repair process after injury or infection. Under chronic states of disease, injury, or infection, persistent neuroinflammation results in a heightened presence of cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species that result in tissue damage. In the CNS, the surrounding microglia normally contain macrophages and other innate immune cells that perform active immune surveillance. The resulting cytokines produced by these macrophages affect the growth, development, and responsiveness of the microglia present in both white and gray matter regions of the CNS. Controlling the levels of these cytokines ultimately improves neurocognitive function and results in the repair of lesions associated with neurologic disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of the genome and subsequently control the activity of inflammatory responses crucial in sustaining a robust and acute immunological response towards an acute infection while dampening pathways that result in heightened levels of cytokines and chemokines associated with chronic neuroinflammation. Numerous reports have directly implicated miRNAs in controlling the abundance and activity of interleukins, TGF-B, NF-kB, and toll-like receptor-signaling intrinsically linked with the development of neurological disorders such as Parkinson's, ALS, epilepsy, Alzheimer's, and neuromuscular degeneration. This review is focused on discussing the role miRNAs play in regulating or initiating these chronic neurological states, many of which maintain the level and/or activity of neuron-specific secondary messengers. Dysregulated miRNAs present in the microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and epididymal cells, contribute to an overall glial-specific inflammatory niche that impacts the activity of neuronal conductivity, signaling action potentials, neurotransmitter robustness, neuron-neuron specific communication, and neuron-muscular connections. Understanding which miRNAs regulate microglial activation is a crucial step forward in developing non-coding RNA-based therapeutics to treat and potentially correct the behavioral and cognitive deficits typically found in patients suffering from chronic neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Chen
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Julia Mateski
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Gustavus Adolphus College, St. Peter, MN, United States
| | - Linda Gerace
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of English, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, United States
| | - Jonathan Wheeler
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tech, New York Institute of Tech, Old Westbury, NY, United States
| | - Jan Burl
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of English, Southern New Hampshire University, Manchester, NH, United States
| | - Bhavna Prakash
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Cherie Svedin
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biology, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT, United States
| | - Rebecca Amrick
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of English, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, United States
| | - Brian D Adams
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, New Haven, CT, United States
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25
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Ferrero G, Festa R, Follia L, Lettieri G, Tarallo S, Notari T, Giarra A, Marinaro C, Pardini B, Marano A, Piaggeschi G, Di Battista C, Trifuoggi M, Piscopo M, Montano L, Naccarati A. Small noncoding RNAs and sperm nuclear basic proteins reflect the environmental impact on germ cells. Mol Med 2024; 30:12. [PMID: 38243211 PMCID: PMC10799426 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular techniques can complement conventional spermiogram analyses to provide new information on the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa and to identify early alterations due to environmental pollution. METHODS Here, we present a multilevel molecular profiling by small RNA sequencing and sperm nuclear basic protein analysis of male germ cells from 33 healthy young subjects residing in low and high-polluted areas. RESULTS Although sperm motility and sperm concentration were comparable between samples from the two sites, those from the high-pollution area had a higher concentration of immature/immune cells, a lower protamine/histone ratio, a reduced ability of sperm nuclear basic proteins to protect DNA from oxidative damage, and an altered copper/zinc ratio in sperm. Sperm levels of 32 microRNAs involved in intraflagellar transport, oxidative stress response, and spermatogenesis were different between the two areas. In parallel, a decrease of Piwi-interacting RNA levels was observed in samples from the high-polluted area. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive analysis provides new insights into pollution-driven epigenetic alterations in sperm not detectable by spermiogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Ferrero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Turin, Corso Svizzera, 185, 10149, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosaria Festa
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Follia
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Gennaro Lettieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Tarallo
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, SP 142 Km. 3,95, 10060, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Notari
- Check-Up PolyDiagnostic and Research Laboratory, Andrology Unit, Viale Andrea De Luca 5, 84131, Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Marinaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, SP 142 Km. 3,95, 10060, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggeschi
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, SP 142 Km. 3,95, 10060, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Carla Di Battista
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, SP 142 Km. 3,95, 10060, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL) Salerno, Coordination Unit of the Network for Environmental and Reproductive Health (Eco-FoodFertility Project), S. Francesco di Assisi Hospital, 84020, Oliveto Citra, Salerno, Italy.
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, SP 142 Km. 3,95, 10060, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
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26
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Yadav V, Jena MK, Parashar G, Parashar NC, Joshi H, Ramniwas S, Tuli HS. Emerging role of microRNAs as regulators of protein kinase C substrate MARCKS and MARCKSL1 in cancer. Exp Cell Res 2024; 434:113891. [PMID: 38104645 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression, playing essential roles in diverse cellular processes, including the development and progression of cancer. Among the numerous proteins influenced by miRNAs, the MARCKS/MARCKSL1 protein, a key regulator of cellular cytoskeletal dynamics and membrane-cytosol communication, has garnered significant attention due to its multifaceted involvement in various cancer-related processes, including cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Motivated by the encouraging early clinical success of peptides targeting MARCKS in several pathological conditions, this review article delves into the intricate interplay between miRNAs and the MARCKS protein in cancer. Herein, we have highlighted the latest findings on specific miRNAs that modulate MARCKS/MARCKSL1 expression, providing a comprehensive overview of their roles in different cancer types. We have underscored the need for in-depth investigations into the therapeutic feasibility of targeting the miRNA-MARCKS axis in cancer, taking cues from the successes witnessed in related fields. Unlocking the full potential of miRNA-mediated MARCKS regulation could pave the way for innovative and effective therapeutic interventions against various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA), University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium; Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE 20213, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Manoj Kumar Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Parashar
- Division of Biomedical & Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391410, India
| | - Nidarshana Chaturvedi Parashar
- Department of Biosciences & Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Hemant Joshi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research & Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biosciences & Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
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27
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Chhichholiya Y, Singh HV, Singh S, Munshi A. Genetic variations in tumor-suppressor miRNA-encoding genes and their target genes: focus on breast cancer development and possible therapeutic strategies. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1-15. [PMID: 37093457 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively affect gene expression by binding to their specific mRNAs resulting in either mRNA destruction or translational repression. The aberrant expression of various miRNAs has been associated with a number of human cancer. Oncogenic or tumor-suppressor miRNAs regulate a variety of pathways involved in the development of breast cancer (BC), including cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, cancer recurrence, and chemoresistance. Variations in miRNA-encoding genes and their target genes lead to dysregulated gene expression resulting in the development and progression of BC. The various therapeutic approaches to treat the disease include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgical removal, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted biological therapy. The purpose of the current review is to explore the genetic variations in tumor-suppressor miRNA-encoding genes and their target genes in association with the disease development and prognosis. The therapeutic interventions targeting the variants for better disease outcomes have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Chhichholiya
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Harsh Vikram Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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Torimura A, Kanei S, Shimizu Y, Baba T, Uotani R, Sasaki SI, Nagase D, Inoue Y, Ochiya T, Miyazaki D. Profiling miRNAs in tear extracellular vesicles: a pilot study with implications for diagnosis of ocular diseases. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2024; 68:70-81. [PMID: 37947908 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-023-01028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in tears and to determine whether their profiles are associated with the type of ocular disease. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Tear EVs were extracted from 14 healthy participants and from 21 patients with retinal diseases (age-related macular degeneration [AMD] or diabetic macular edema [DME]). The surface marker expression of tear EVs was examined, and microRNAs (miRNAs) were extracted and profiled by use of real-time PCR array. The stability of the expression of the miRNAs was determined, and their functions were assessed by network analyses. Classification accuracy was evaluated by use of a random forest classifier and k-fold cross-validation. RESULTS The miRNAs that were highly expressed in tear EVs were miR-323-3p, miR-548a-3p, and miR-516a-5p. The most stably expressed miRNAs independent of diseases were miR-520h and miR-146b-3p. The primary networks of the highly stably expressed endogenous miRNAs were annotated as regulation of organismal injury and abnormalities. The highly expressed miRNAs for severe retinal disease were miR-151-5p for AMD and miR-422a for DME, suggesting potential roles of tear EVs in liquid biopsy. Nine miRNAs (miR-25, miR-30d, miR-125b, miR-132, miR-150, miR-184, miR-342-3p, miR-378, and miR-518b) were identified as distinguishing individuals with AMD from healthy individuals with a classification accuracy of 91.9%. CONCLUSIONS The finding that tear EVs contain characteristic miRNA species indicates that they may help in maintaining homeostasis and serve as a potential tool for disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airu Torimura
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Saki Kanei
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yumiko Shimizu
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takashi Baba
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Ryu Uotani
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sasaki
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nagase
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Inoue
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Dai Miyazaki
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
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Musazzi L, Mingardi J, Ieraci A, Barbon A, Popoli M. Stress, microRNAs, and stress-related psychiatric disorders: an overview. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4977-4994. [PMID: 37391530 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Stress is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders. During and after exposure to stressors, the stress response may have pro- or maladaptive consequences, depending on several factors related to the individual response and nature of the stressor. However, the mechanisms mediating the long-term effects of exposure to stress, which may ultimately lead to the development of stress-related disorders, are still largely unknown. Epigenetic mechanisms have been shown to mediate the effects of the environment on brain gene expression and behavior. MicroRNAs, small non-coding RNAs estimated to control the expression of about 60% of all genes by post-transcriptional regulation, are a fundamental epigenetic mechanism. Many microRNAs are expressed in the brain, where they work as fine-tuners of gene expression, with a key role in the regulation of homeostatic balance, and a likely influence on pro- or maladaptive brain changes. Here we have selected a number of microRNAs, which have been strongly implicated as mediators of the effects of stress in the brain and in the development of stress-related psychiatric disorders. For all of them recent evidence is reported, obtained from rodent stress models, manipulation of microRNAs levels with related behavioral changes, and clinical studies of stress-related psychiatric disorders. Moreover, we have performed a bioinformatic analysis of the predicted brain-expressed target genes of the microRNAs discussed, and found a central role for mechanisms involved in the regulation of synaptic function. The complex regulatory role of microRNAs has suggested their use as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment response, as well as possible therapeutic drugs. While, microRNA-based diagnostics have registered advancements, particularly in oncology and other fields, and many biotech companies have launched miRNA therapeutics in their development pipeline, the development of microRNA-based tests and drugs for brain disorders is comparatively slower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Musazzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Jessica Mingardi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy
- Molecular Pharmacology, Cellular and Behavioral Physiology; Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Barbon
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Popoli
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Anilkumar KV, Rema LP, John MC, Vanesa John T, George A. miRNAs in the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer: A review. Life Sci 2023; 333:122183. [PMID: 37858714 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and invasive type of breast cancer (BC) with high mortality rate wherein effective target medicaments are lacking. It is a very heterogeneous group with several subtypes that account for 10-20% of cancer among women globally, being negative for three most important receptors (estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)), with an early and high recurrence resulting in poor survival rate. Therefore, a more thorough knowledge on carcinogenesis of TNBC is required for the development of personalized treatment options. miRNAs can either promote or suppress tumorigenesis and have been linked to a number of features of cancer progression, including proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recent miRNA research shows that there is great potential for the development of novel biomarkers as they have emerged as drivers of tumorigenesis and provide opportunities to target various components involved in TNBC, thus helping to solve this difficult-to-treat disease. In this review, we summarize the most relevant miRNAs that play an essential role in TNBC biology. Their role with regard to molecular mechanisms underlying TNBC progression has been discussed, and their potential use as therapeutic or prognostic markers to unravel the intricacy of TNBC based on the pieces of evidence obtained from various works of literature has been briefly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya V Anilkumar
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam, 682011, India; Cell and Molecular Biology Facility, Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India
| | - L P Rema
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam, 682011, India
| | - Mithun Chacko John
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala 680005, India
| | - T Vanesa John
- Department of Pathology, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India
| | - Alex George
- Cell and Molecular Biology Facility, Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India.
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31
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Sarkami SA, Molavipordanjani S, Abediankenari S, Akhtari J, Gill P, Ghalehnoei H, Lemoni SK. Engineering HEK293T cell line by lentivirus to produce miR34a-loaded exosomes. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8827-8837. [PMID: 37658928 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA (ribonucleic acid) antisense is developing as a possible treatment option. As an RNA, miR-34a is involved in P53 function and cancer cell apoptosis. Although the therapeutic applications of miRNAs have several limitations, such as structural instability and susceptibility to nucleases. To resolve these issues, this study aims to apply exosomes as a delivery vehicle for miR-34a. AIMS This study aims to create a cell factory to generate miR34a-enriched exosomes. The produced nanoparticles act as a delivery system and improve the structural stability of miR34a. METHODS First exosome specific sequences were inserted into miR34a. The resulting miR34a oligonucleotide was transduced HEK293T cells genome with a lentiviral system. In the structure of miR34a oligonucleotide, six nucleotides were substituted to increase its packaging rate into exosomes. To maintain the secondary structure, stability, and expression of the miRNA gene, changes to the miR34a oligonucleotide were made using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) Extension. The forward-34a (5-TGGGGAGAGGCAGGACAGG-3) and Reverse-34a primers (5-TCCGAAGTCCTGGCGTCTCC-3) were used for amplification of the miR34a gene from DNA. RESULTS The results confirmed that the changes in miR34a oligonucleotide do not affect its secondary structure. The energy level of the manipulated miR34a oligonucleotide was kept the same compared to the original one. Moreover, the loading of miR34a to the exosomes was increased. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that normal HEK293T did not express miR34a. However, lentiviral transduced miR34a oligonucleotide induced the loading of miR34a into the exosome. Moreover, replacing six nucleic acids in the 3' end of miR34a increased the loading of miR34a to exosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Abdi Sarkami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sajjad Molavipordanjani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeed Abediankenari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, FarahAbad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Javad Akhtari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, FarahAbad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Pooria Gill
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, FarahAbad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghalehnoei
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, FarahAbad Road, Sari, Iran
| | - Shabanali Khodashenas Lemoni
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, FarahAbad Road, Sari, Iran.
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Fu J, Imani S, Wu MY, Wu RC. MicroRNA-34 Family in Cancers: Role, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4723. [PMID: 37835417 PMCID: PMC10571940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs that play vital roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting mRNA degradation. The dysregulation of miRNA has been implicated in numerous human diseases, including cancers. miR-34 family members (miR-34s), including miR-34a, miR-34b, and miR-34c, have emerged as the most extensively studied tumor-suppressive miRNAs. In this comprehensive review, we aim to provide an overview of the major signaling pathways and gene networks regulated by miR-34s in various cancers and highlight the critical tumor suppressor role of miR-34s. Furthermore, we will discuss the potential of using miR-34 mimics as a novel therapeutic approach against cancer, while also addressing the challenges associated with their development and delivery. It is anticipated that gaining a deeper understanding of the functions and mechanisms of miR-34s in cancer will greatly contribute to the development of effective miR-34-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Saber Imani
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Mei-Yi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ray-Chang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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Rubin de Celis MF, Bonner-Weir S. Reversing and modulating cellular senescence in beta cells, a new field of opportunities to treat diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1217729. [PMID: 37822597 PMCID: PMC10562723 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1217729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes constitutes a world-wide pandemic that requires searching for new treatments to halt its progression. Cellular senescence of pancreatic beta cells has been described as a major contributor to development and worsening of diabetes. The concept of reversibility of cellular senescence is critical as is the timing to take actions against this "dormant" senescent state. The reversal of cellular senescence can be considered as rejuvenation of the specific cell if it returns to the original "healthy state" and doesn't behave aberrantly as seen in some cancer cells. In rodents, treatment with senolytics and senomorphics blunted or prevented disease progression, however their use carry drawbacks. Modulators of cellular senescence is a new area of research that seeks to reverse the senescence. More research in each of these modalities should lead to new treatments to stop diabetes development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F. Rubin de Celis
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Susan Bonner-Weir
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Chamandi G, El-Hajjar L, El Kurdi A, Le Bras M, Nasr R, Lehmann-Che J. ER Negative Breast Cancer and miRNA: There Is More to Decipher Than What the Pathologist Can See! Biomedicines 2023; 11:2300. [PMID: 37626796 PMCID: PMC10452617 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), the most prevalent cancer in women, is a heterogenous disease. Despite advancements in BC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics, survival rates have drastically decreased in the metastatic setting. Therefore, BC still remains a medical challenge. The evolution of high-throughput technology has highlighted gaps in the classification system of BCs. Of particular interest is the notorious triple negative BC, which was recounted as being heterogenous itself and it overlaps with distinct subtypes, namely molecular apocrine (MA) and luminal androgen (LAR) BCs. These subtypes are, even today, still misdiagnosed and poorly treated. As such, researchers and clinicians have been looking for ways through which to refine BC classification in order to properly understand the initiation, development, progression, and the responses to the treatment of BCs. One tool is biomarkers and, specifically, microRNA (miRNA), which are highly reported as associated with BC carcinogenesis. In this review, the diverse roles of miRNA in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and androgen receptor positive (AR+) BC are depicted. While highlighting their oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions in tumor progression, we will discuss their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker potentials, as well as their drug sensitivity/resistance activity. The association of several miRNAs in the KEGG-reported pathways that are related to ER-BC carcinogenesis is presented. The identification and verification of accurate miRNA panels is a cornerstone for tackling BC classification setbacks, as is also the deciphering of the carcinogenesis regulators of ER - AR + BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Chamandi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon; (G.C.); (L.E.-H.)
- Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer Team, INSERM U976, Immunologie Humaine, Pathophysiologie, Immunothérapie (HIPI), Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Layal El-Hajjar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon; (G.C.); (L.E.-H.)
- Office of Basic/Translational Research and Graduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdallah El Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Morgane Le Bras
- Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer Team, INSERM U976, Immunologie Humaine, Pathophysiologie, Immunothérapie (HIPI), Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon; (G.C.); (L.E.-H.)
| | - Jacqueline Lehmann-Che
- Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer Team, INSERM U976, Immunologie Humaine, Pathophysiologie, Immunothérapie (HIPI), Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France;
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Gupta J, Suliman M, Ali R, Margiana R, Hjazi A, Alsaab HO, Qasim MT, Hussien BM, Ahmed M. Double-edged sword role of miRNA-633 and miRNA-181 in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154701. [PMID: 37542859 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the function and mode of operation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer is of growing interest. The short non-coding RNAs known as miRNAs, which target mRNA in multicellular organisms, are described as controlling essential cellular processes. The miR-181 family and miR-633 are well-known miRNAs that play a key role in the development and metastasis of tumor cells. They may facilitate either tumor-suppressive or oncogenic function in malignant cells, according to mounting evidence. Metastatic cells that are closely linked to cancer cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis can be identified by abnormal levels of miR-181 and miR-633. Numerous studies have demonstrated their capacity to control drug resistance, cell growth, apoptosis, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis process. Interestingly, the levels of miR-181 and miR-633 and their potential target genes in the basic cellular process can vary depending on the type of cancer cells and their gene expression profile. Such miRNAs' interactions with other non-coding RNAs such as long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs can influence tumor behaviors. Herein, we concentrated on the multifaceted roles of miR-181 and miR-633 and potential targets in human tumorigenesis, ranging from cell growth and metastasis to drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U. P., India.
| | - Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rida Ali
- Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Andrology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maytham T Qasim
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Muhja Ahmed
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Huang Z, Kaller M, Hermeking H. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of miR-34a and miR-34b/c in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells: comprehensive characterization after exposure to 5-FU reveals EMT and autophagy as key processes regulated by miR-34. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:2017-2034. [PMID: 37488217 PMCID: PMC10406948 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01193-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The miR-34a and miR-34b/c encoding genes represent direct targets of the p53 transcription factor, and presumably mediate part of the tumor suppressive effects of p53. Here, we sought to determine their functional relevance by inactivating miR-34a and/or miR-34b/c using a CRISPR/Cas9 approach in the colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line HCT116. Concomitant deletion of miR-34a and miR-34b/c resulted in significantly reduced suppression of proliferation after p53 activation, enhanced migration, invasion and EMT, as well as reduced sensitivity to chemotherapeutics, increased stress-induced autophagic flux, decreased apoptosis and upregulation of autophagy-related genes after 5-FU treatment. However, inactivation of singular miR-34a or miR-34b/c had little effects on the aforementioned processes. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that concomitant deletion of miR-34a/b/c caused EMT signature enrichment, impaired gene repression by the p53-DREAM pathway and elevated autophagy after 5-FU treatment. A gene signature comprised of mRNAs significantly upregulated after combined inactivation of miR-34a and miR-34b/c showed a significant association with the invasive colon cancer subtype CMS4 and poor overall survival in two CRC patient cohorts, and with 5-FU resistance in CRC cell lines. In miR-34a/b/c-deficient cells the upregulated miR-34 target FOXM1 directly induced p62 and ATG9A, which increased autophagy and consequently attenuated apoptosis and rendered the miR-34a/b/c-KO cells more resistant to 5-FU. Inhibition of autophagy by depletion of ATG9A or chloroquine re-sensitized miR-34a/b/c-deficient HCT116 cells to 5-FU. In summary, our findings show a complementary role of miR-34a and miR-34b/c in the regulation of EMT and autophagy which may be relevant for CRC therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekai Huang
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Thalkirchner Str. 36, D-80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Kaller
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Thalkirchner Str. 36, D-80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Hermeking
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Thalkirchner Str. 36, D-80337, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Bogaczyk A, Zawlik I, Zuzak T, Kluz M, Potocka N, Kluz T. The Role of miRNAs in the Development, Proliferation, and Progression of Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11489. [PMID: 37511248 PMCID: PMC10380838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers in developing and developed countries. Although the detection of this cancer is high at the early stages, there is still a lack of markers to monitor the disease, its recurrence, and metastasis. MiRNAs are in charge of the post-transcriptional regulation of genes responsible for the most important biological processes, which is why they are increasingly used as biomarkers in many types of cancer. Many studies have demonstrated the influence of miRNAs on the processes related to carcinogenesis. The characteristics of miRNA expression profiles in endometrial cancer will allow their use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This paper focuses on the discussion of selected miRNAs based on the literature and their role in the development of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bogaczyk
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F.Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.Z.); (T.K.)
| | - Izabela Zawlik
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zuzak
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F.Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.Z.); (T.K.)
| | - Marta Kluz
- Department of Pathology, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F.Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Natalia Potocka
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F.Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.Z.); (T.K.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Lu C, Wu L, Tang MY, Liu YF, Liu L, Liu XY, Zhang C, Huang L. Indoxyl sulfate in atherosclerosis. Toxicol Lett 2023:S0378-4274(23)00215-1. [PMID: 37414304 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic vascular inflammatory disease, has become a main focus of attention worldwide for its chronic progressing disease course and serious complications in the later period. Nevertheless, explanations for the exact molecular mechanisms of AS initiation and development remain to be an unsolved problem. The classic pathogenesis theories, such as lipid percolation and deposition, endothelium injury, inflammation and immune damage, provide the foundation for discovering the new key molecules or signaling mechanisms. Recently, indoxyl sulfate (IS), one of non-free uremia toxins, has been noticeable for its multiple atherogenic effects. IS exists at high concentration in plasma for its great albumin binding rate. Patients with uremia have markedly elevated serum levels of IS due both to the deterioration of renal function and to the high binding affinity of IS to albumin. Nowadays, elevated incidence of circulatory disease among patients with renal dysfunction indicates correlation of uremic toxins with cardiovascular damage. In this review, the atherogenic effects of IS and the underlying mechanisms are summarized with emphasis on several key pathological events associated with AS developments, such as vascular endothelium dysfunction, arterial medial lesions, vascular oxidative stress, excessive inflammatory responses, calcification, thrombosis and foam cell formation. Although recent studies have proved the great correlation between IS and AS, deciphering cellular and pathophysiological signaling by confirming key factors involved in IS-mediated atherosclerosis development may enable identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Yao Tang
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Ya Liu
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Huang
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China.
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Delivery of anti-microRNA-21 by lung-targeted liposomes for pulmonary fibrosis treatment. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:36-47. [PMID: 36919116 PMCID: PMC9972768 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disorder with a low survival rate. Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the complications of COVID-19 and has a high prevalence in COVID-19 patients. Currently, no effective therapies other than lung transplantation are available to cure IPF and post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that mediate the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis, thus making them potent drug candidates for this serious disease. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) promotes not only the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts but also epithelial-mesenchymal transition, both of which have been proposed as fundamental processes in pulmonary fibrosis development. Delivery of anti-miR-21 to block the miR-21-associated fibrogenic pathways represents a promising therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. However, microRNA treatment is challenged by quick degradation of RNA in blood, poor cellular uptake, and off-target effects. To overcome these challenges, we developed a lung-targeted, cationic liposome formulation to encapsulate anti-miR-21, enhance its delivery efficiency, and improve the therapeutic efficacy. We optimized the liposome formulation and demonstrated the anti-fibrotic effects using both in vitro and in vivo lung fibrosis models. Our results showed that anti-miR-21 delivered by cationic liposomes suppressed myofibroblast differentiation, reduced the synthesis of extracellular matrix, and inhibited fibrosis progression.
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Gujrati H, Ha S, Wang BD. Deregulated microRNAs Involved in Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness and Treatment Resistance Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3140. [PMID: 37370750 PMCID: PMC10296615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Complex genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the development and progression of PCa. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that regulate protein expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting mRNAs for degradation or inhibiting protein translation. In the past two decades, the field of miRNA research has rapidly expanded, and emerging evidence has revealed miRNA dysfunction to be an important epigenetic mechanism underlying a wide range of diseases, including cancers. This review article focuses on understanding the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of deregulated miRNAs in PCa aggressiveness and drug resistance based on the existing literature. Specifically, the miRNAs differentially expressed (upregulated or downregulated) in PCa vs. normal tissues, advanced vs. low-grade PCa, and treatment-responsive vs. non-responsive PCa are discussed. In particular, the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs involved in the regulation of (1) the synthesis of the androgen receptor (AR) and its AR-V7 splice variant, (2) PTEN expression and PTEN-mediated signaling, (3) RNA splicing mechanisms, (4) chemo- and hormone-therapy resistance, and (5) racial disparities in PCa are discussed and summarized. We further provide an overview of the current advances and challenges of miRNA-based biomarkers and therapeutics in clinical practice for PCa diagnosis/prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himali Gujrati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Siyoung Ha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
- Hormone Related Cancers Program, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Chattopadhyay S, Sarkar SS, Saproo S, Yadav S, Antil D, Das B, Naidu S. Apoptosis-targeted gene therapy for non-small cell lung cancer using chitosan-poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid -based nano-delivery system and CASP8 and miRs 29A-B1 and 34A. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1188652. [PMID: 37346791 PMCID: PMC10281530 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1188652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with resistance to apoptosis being a major driver of therapeutic resistance and aggressive phenotype. This study aimed to develop a novel gene therapy approach for NSCLC by targeting resistance to apoptosis. Loss of function mutations of caspase 8 (CASP8) and downregulation of microRNAs (miRs) 29A-B1 and 34A were identified as key contributors to resistance to apoptosis in NSCLC. A biodegradable polymeric nano-gene delivery system composed of chitosan-poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid was formulated to deliver initiator CASP8 and miRs 29A-B1 and 34A. The nano-formulation efficiently encapsulated the therapeutic genes effectively internalized into NSCLC cells and induced significant apoptosis. Evaluation of the nano-formulation in A549 tumor spheroids showed a significant increase in apoptosis within the core of the spheroids, suggesting effective penetration into the spheroid structures. We provide a novel nano-formulation that demonstrate therapeutic potential for suicidal gene therapy in NSCLC.
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Han TY, Hou LS, Li JX, Huan ML, Zhou SY, Zhang BL. Bone targeted miRNA delivery system for miR-34a with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy to bone-associated metastatic breast cancer. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122755. [PMID: 36801480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastatic cancer is the most common occurrence in breast cancer, and the treatment is also facing great challenges. MicroRNA-34a (miRNA-34a) is a promising anti-cancer miRNA for gene therapy to bone metastatic cancer patients. However, the lack of specificity to bone and low accumulation at the site of bone tumor remains the major challenge when used bone-associated tumor. To solve this problem, a bone-targeted vector for delivery of miR-34a to bone metastatic breast cancer was constructed by using the commonly used gene vector branched polyethylenimine 25 k (BPEI 25 k) as the skeleton and linking with alendronate (ALN) moieties for bone targeting group. The constructed gene delivery system PCA/miR-34a can efficiently prevent miR-34a from degradation during blood circulation and enhance the specific bone delivery and distribution. PCA/miR-34a nanoparticles can be uptake into tumor cells through clathrin and caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and directly regulate the expression of oncogenes, thus promoting tumor cell apoptosis and relieving bone tissue erosion. The results of experiments in vitro and in vivo confirmed that the constructed bone-targeted miRNA delivery system PCA/miR-34a can enhance the anti-tumor efficacy in bone metastatic cancer, and provide a potential strategy for gene therapy in bone metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yan Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Li-Shuang Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Meng-Lei Huan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Si-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Bang-Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Ciccone G, Ibba ML, Coppola G, Catuogno S, Esposito CL. The Small RNA Landscape in NSCLC: Current Therapeutic Applications and Progresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076121. [PMID: 37047090 PMCID: PMC10093969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most diagnosed type of malignancy and the first cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite recent advances, the treatment of choice for NSCLC patients remains to be chemotherapy, often showing very limited effectiveness with the frequent occurrence of drug-resistant phenotype and the lack of selectivity for tumor cells. Therefore, new effective and targeted therapeutics are needed. In this context, short RNA-based therapeutics, including Antisense Oligonucleotides (ASOs), microRNAs (miRNAs), short interfering (siRNA) and aptamers, represent a promising class of molecules. ASOs, miRNAs and siRNAs act by targeting and inhibiting specific mRNAs, thus showing an improved specificity compared to traditional anti-cancer drugs. Nucleic acid aptamers target and inhibit specific cancer-associated proteins, such as "nucleic acid antibodies". Aptamers are also able of receptor-mediated cell internalization, and therefore, they can be used as carriers of secondary agents giving the possibility of producing very highly specific and effective therapeutics. This review provides an overview of the proposed applications of small RNAs for NSCLC treatment, highlighting their advantageous features and recent advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ciccone
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Luigia Ibba
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gabriele Coppola
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Catuogno
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Lucia Esposito
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
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Doghish AS, Elballal MS, Elazazy O, Elesawy AE, Elrebehy MA, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Sallam AAM. The role of miRNAs in liver diseases: Potential therapeutic and clinical applications. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154375. [PMID: 36801506 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, non-coding RNAs that function post-transcriptionally to regulate gene expression by binding to particular mRNA targets and causing destruction of the mRNA or translational inhibition of the mRNA. The miRNAs control the range of liver activities, from the healthy to the unhealthy. Considering that miRNA dysregulation is linked to liver damage, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis, miRNAs are a promising therapeutic strategy for the evaluation and treatment of liver illnesses. Recent findings on the regulation and function of miRNAs in liver diseases are discussed, with an emphasis on miRNAs that are highly expressed or enriched in hepatocytes. Alcohol-related liver illness, acute liver toxicity, viral hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and exosomes in chronic liver disease all emphasize the roles and target genes of these miRNAs. We briefly discuss the function of miRNAs in the etiology of liver diseases, namely in the transfer of information between hepatocytes and other cell types via extracellular vesicles. Here we offer some background on the use of miRNAs as biomarkers for the early prognosis, diagnosis, and assessment of liver diseases. The identification of biomarkers and therapeutic targets for liver disorders will be made possible by future research into miRNAs in the liver, which will also help us better understand the pathogeneses of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ola Elazazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Reem K Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
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Ikegami K, Yamashita M, Suzuki M, Nakamura T, Hashimoto K, Kitagaki J, Yanagita M, Kitamura M, Murakami S. Cellular senescence with SASP in periodontal ligament cells triggers inflammation in aging periodontal tissue. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1279-1305. [PMID: 36863315 PMCID: PMC10042704 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The direct cause of periodontitis is periodontopathic bacteria, while various environmental factors affect the severity of periodontitis. Previous epidemiological studies have shown positive correlations between aging and periodontitis. However, whether and how aging is linked to periodontal health and disease in biological processes is poorly understood. Aging induces pathological alterations in organs, which promotes systemic senescence associated with age-related disease. Recently, it has become evident that senescence at the cellular level, cellular senescence, is a cause of chronic diseases through production of various secretory factors including proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which is referred to the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In this study, we examined the pathological roles of cellular senescence in periodontitis. We found localization of senescent cells in periodontal tissue, particularly the periodontal ligament (PDL), in aged mice. Senescent human PDL (HPDL) cells showed irreversible cell cycle arrest and SASP-like phenotypes in vitro. Additionally, we observed age-dependent upregulation of microRNA (miR)-34a in HPDL cells. These results suggest that chronic periodontitis is mediated by senescent PDL cells that exacerbate inflammation and destruction of periodontal tissues through production of SASP proteins. Thus, miR-34a and senescent PDL cells might be promising therapeutic targets for periodontitis in elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniko Ikegami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Motozo Yamashita
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mio Suzuki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koki Hashimoto
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jirouta Kitagaki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Manabu Yanagita
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitamura
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Han Y, Huang J, Zhao C, Zhang F, Gu Y, Wang C, Jin E. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide improves the microstructure, immune function, proliferation and reduces apoptosis of thymus and spleen tissue cells of immunosuppressed mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:279-289. [PMID: 36494196 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In order to study the effect of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on the immune and antioxidation functions of immunosuppressed mice. The control group received distilled water orally and the model and experimental groups I, II, and III received 0, 80, 160, and 320 mg/kg HEP respectively for a fortnight after re-molding with cyoclphosphnalide (CTX). Compared with the control group, the secretion of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ, the activity or content of T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-PX, and the expression of PCNA mRNA in the thymus and spleen were reduced in immunosuppressed mice (P < .05 or P < .01). Compared with immunosuppressed mice, the levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, and GSH-PX and the PCNA mRNA expression of spleen and thymus were increased (P < .05 or P < .01), and the microstructure were also obviously improved in the experimental group III. Overall, 320 mg/kg of HEP significantly improved the immune and antioxidant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Han
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Huang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Chunfang Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Youfang Gu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Chuzhou, China
| | - Chenfang Wang
- College of life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Erhui Jin
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Chuzhou, China
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Anti-Cancer Effects of Queen Bee Acid (10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid) and Its Cellular Mechanisms against Human Hepatoma Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041972. [PMID: 36838959 PMCID: PMC9966673 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer that occurs in hepatocytes. Although many chemical drugs, e.g., cisplatin, methotrexate, taxis, and doxorubicin are used to treat HCC, there have been numerous reports related to the side effects of these drugs (e.g., emerging drug resistance, bone marrow failure, and gastrointestinal disorders). These issues led scientists to search for the novel anti-cancer drugs, mainly in natural products with greater efficiency and less toxicity. The current survey was intended to assess the anti-cancer effects of queen bee acid (10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid, 10-HDA) and its cellular mechanisms against the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was used to evaluate the effect of 10-HDA on the viability of HepG2 cells. The initial and late apoptosis in the HepG2 cells treated with 10-HDA were assessed by the Annexin-V (AV) assay. The level of the gene and protein expression of some apoptosis genes (e.g., caspase-3, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), and B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2)), Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP), and miRNA-34a (miR-34a), were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS The obtained findings revealed that HepG2 cell viability was markedly reduced (p < 0.01) following exposure to 10-HDA in a dose-dependent matter. The calculated half maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) value of 10-HDA was 59.6 µg/mL for HepG2 cells, while this value for normal THLE-3 cells was 106.4 µg/mL. We found that 10-HDA markedly elevated (p < 0.01) the percentage of necrotic and apoptotic cells from 0.94 to 9.7 and 27.6%, respectively. The real-time PCR results showed that the expression levels of the caspase-3, Bax, and miR-34a genes were significantly (p < 0.001) elevated. Contrary to these results, a significant (p < 0.01) reduction in the expression level of the Bcl2 gene was observed. The levels of protein expression of Caspase-3, PARP, and Bax were markedly elevated following exposure of HepG2 cells to 10-HDA at ¼ CC50, ½ CC50, and CC50. The level of protein expression of Bcl-2 was markedly reduced following exposure of HepG2 cells to 10-HDA at ¼ CC50, ½ CC50, and CC50 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The current results confirmed the potent in vitro cytotoxic effects of 10-HDA on HepG2 cells with no significant cytotoxic effects on normal cells. Although its mechanisms of action have not been fully studied, the induction of apoptosis via different pathways was determined as one of the principle mechanisms of action of 10-HDA against HepG2 cells. Nevertheless, additional surveys must be performed to clearly understand the mechanisms of action and safety of this fatty acid.
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Liu D, Tang Z, Bajinka O, Dai P, Wu G, Qin L, Tan Y. miR-34b/c-5p/CXCL10 Axis Induced by RSV Infection Mediates a Mechanism of Airway Hyperresponsive Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020317. [PMID: 36829591 PMCID: PMC9953223 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: RSV is closely correlated with post-infection airway hyperresponsive diseases (AHD), but the mechanism remains unclear. Objective: Due to the pivotal role of miRNAs in AHD, we analyzed the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) in RSV-infected patients, asthma patients, and COPD patients from public datasets and explored the mechanisms of association between RSV and AHD. Methods: We obtained miRNA and mRNA databases of patients with RSV infection, as well as miRNA databases of asthma and COPD patients from the GEO database. Through integrated analysis, we screened DEmiRs and DEGs. Further analysis was carried out to obtain the hub genes through the analysis of biological pathways and enrichment pathways of DEGs targeted by DEmiRs and the construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Results: The five differential molecules (miR-34b/c-5p, Cd14, Cxcl10, and Rhoh) were verified through in vivo experiments that had the same expression trend in the acute and chronic phases of RSV infection. Following infection of BEAS-2B cells with RSV, we confirmed that RSV infection down-regulated miR-34b/c-5p, and up-regulated the expression levels of CXCL10 and CD14. Furthermore, the results of the dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that CXCL10 was the target of hsa-miR-34c-5p. Conclusions: miR-34b/c-5p/CXCL10 axis mediates a mechanism of AHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Zhongxiang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ousman Bajinka
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Pei Dai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yurong Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (Y.T.)
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49
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Shaharyar MA, Bhowmik R, Al-Abbasi FA, AlGhamdi SA, Alghamdi AM, Sarkar A, Kazmi I, Karmakar S. Vaccine Formulation Strategies and Challenges Involved in RNA Delivery for Modulating Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Race from Laboratory to Market. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020241. [PMID: 36851119 PMCID: PMC9963957 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that noncoding RNAs have significant physiological and pathological roles. Modulation of noncoding RNAs may offer therapeutic approaches as per recent findings. Small RNAs, mostly long noncoding RNAs, siRNA, and microRNAs make up noncoding RNAs. Inhibiting or promoting protein breakdown by binding to 3' untranslated regions of target mRNA, microRNAs post-transcriptionally control the pattern of gene expression. Contrarily, long non-coding RNAs perform a wider range of tasks, including serving as molecular scaffolding, decoys, and epigenetic regulators. This article provides instances of long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs that may be a biomarker of CVD (cardiovascular disease). In this paper we highlight various RNA-based vaccine formulation strategies designed to target these biomarkers-that are either currently in the research pipeline or are in the global pharmaceutical market-along with the physiological hurdles that need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Adil Shaharyar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rudranil Bhowmik
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shareefa A. AlGhamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira M. Alghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +966-543970731 (I.K.); +91-8017136385 (S.K.)
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +966-543970731 (I.K.); +91-8017136385 (S.K.)
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50
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Conflitti AC, Cicolani G, Buonacquisto A, Pallotti F, Faja F, Bianchini S, Blaconà G, Bruno SM, Linari A, Lucarelli M, Montanino D, Muzii L, Lenzi A, Lombardo F, Paoli D. Sperm DNA Fragmentation and Sperm-Borne miRNAs: Molecular Biomarkers of Embryo Development? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021007. [PMID: 36674527 PMCID: PMC9864861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of morpho-functional sperm characteristics alone is not enough to explain infertility or to predict the outcome of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART): more sensitive diagnostic tools are needed in clinical practice. The aim of the present study was to analyze Sperm DNA Fragmentation (SDF) and sperm-borne miR-34c-5p and miR-449b-5p levels in men of couples undergoing ART, in order to investigate any correlations with fertilization rate, embryo quality and development. Male partners (n = 106) were recruited. Semen analysis, SDF evaluation and molecular profiling analysis of miR-34c-5p and miR-449b-5p (in 38 subjects) were performed. Sperm DNA Fragmentation evaluation- a positive correlation between SDF post sperm selection and the percentage of low-quality embryos and a negative correlation with viable embryo were found. SDF > 2.9% increased the risk of obtaining a non-viable embryo by almost 4-fold. Sperm miRNAs profile—we found an association with both miRNAs and sperm concentration, while miR-449b-5p is positively associated with SDF. Moreover, the two miRNAs are positively correlated. Higher levels of miR-34c-5p compared to miR-449b-5p increases by 14-fold the probability of obtaining viable embryos. This study shows that SDF, sperm miR-34c-5p, and miR-449b-5p have a promising role as biomarkers of semen quality and ART outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chiara Conflitti
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Cicolani
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Buonacquisto
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Faja
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Bianchini
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Blaconà
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Maria Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Linari
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Lucarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Diletta Montanino
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Muzii
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lombardo
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology–Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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