1
|
Hu M, Ladowski JM, Xu H. The Role of Autophagy in Vascular Endothelial Cell Health and Physiology. Cells 2024; 13:825. [PMID: 38786047 PMCID: PMC11120581 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular recycling process which enables eukaryotes to maintain both cellular and overall homeostasis through the catabolic breakdown of intracellular components or the selective degradation of damaged organelles. In recent years, the importance of autophagy in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) has been increasingly recognized, and numerous studies have linked the dysregulation of autophagy to the development of endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. Here, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy in ECs and our current understanding of the roles of autophagy in vascular biology and review the implications of dysregulated autophagy for vascular disease. Finally, we summarize the current state of the research on compounds to modulate autophagy in ECs and identify challenges for their translation into clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph M. Ladowski
- Transplant and Immunobiology Research, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - He Xu
- Transplant and Immunobiology Research, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee S, Kim H, Kim BS, Chae S, Jung S, Lee JS, Yu J, Son K, Chung M, Kim JK, Hwang D, Baek SH, Jeon NL. Angiogenesis-on-a-chip coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing reveals spatially differential activations of autophagy along angiogenic sprouts. Nat Commun 2024; 15:230. [PMID: 38172108 PMCID: PMC10764361 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Several functions of autophagy associated with proliferation, differentiation, and migration of endothelial cells have been reported. Due to lack of models recapitulating angiogenic sprouting, functional heterogeneity of autophagy in endothelial cells along angiogenic sprouts remains elusive. Here, we apply an angiogenesis-on-a-chip to reconstruct 3D sprouts with clear endpoints. We perform single-cell RNA sequencing of sprouting endothelial cells from our chip to reveal high activation of autophagy in two endothelial cell populations- proliferating endothelial cells in sprout basements and stalk-like endothelial cells near sprout endpoints- and further the reciprocal expression pattern of autophagy-related genes between stalk- and tip-like endothelial cells near sprout endpoints, implying an association of autophagy with tip-stalk cell specification. Our results suggest a model describing spatially differential roles of autophagy: quality control of proliferating endothelial cells in sprout basements for sprout elongation and tip-stalk cell specification near sprout endpoints, which may change strategies for developing autophagy-based anti-angiogenic therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somin Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyunkyung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bum Suk Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sehyun Chae
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sangmin Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Seub Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - James Yu
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungmin Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minhwan Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea.
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea.
| | - Daehee Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sung Hee Baek
- Creative Research Initiatives Center for Epigenetic Code and Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Qureator, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lv P, Wu Z, Lai L, Zhang Y, Pei B. The clinicopathological significance and potential function of ULK1 in colon cancer. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37191026 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2210952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Uncoordinated 51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) is an essential part involved in autophagy to maintain cell viability and homeostasis. Herein, the expression levels of ULK1 in colon cancer (CC) were investigated, and its clinicopathological features and potential function were analyzed. Data of ULK1 were obtained from a public database. UCSC XENA RNAseq data were uniformly processed by using the Toil process. STRING was employed for identification of co-expression genes and development of PPI networks whose interaction scores exceeded 0.4. The level of immune cells for tumor infiltration was calculated by means of single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) on the basis of mRNA data of CC. The ULK1 expression was upregulated compared with both paired and unpaired normal tissues. The mRNA expression of ULK1 was upregulated in CC patients with lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and pathological stages of 3 and 4. The disease-specific survival (DSS), progression-free interval (PFI), and the overall survival (OS) of patients with upregulated mRNA expression of ULK1 were drastically reduced. Functionally, any changes related to the biological process of ULK1 may be related to macroautophagy, autophagosome organization and autophagosome assembly. As a co-expressed gene (CEG), ATG101 was up-regulated in CC tissues and indicated poor survival. ULK1 is closely related to immune cells. ULK1 expression is upregulated in CC cells and upregulation of ULK1 may serve as an accurate prognostic factor, thereby providing novel intervention targets for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lv
- Cancer center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Zixi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Lin Lai
- Cancer center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Cancer center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Bo Pei
- Cancer center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kundu M, Das S, Das CK, Kulkarni G, Das S, Dhara D, Mandal M. Magnolol induces cytotoxic autophagy in glioma by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113488. [PMID: 36736226 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is difficult-to-treat because of its infiltrative nature and the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Temozolomide is the only FDA-approved drug for its management. Therefore, finding a novel chemotherapeutic agent for glioma is of utmost importance. Magnolol, a neolignan, has been known for its apoptotic role in glioma. In this work, we have explored a novel anti-glioma mechanism of Magnolol associated with its role in autophagy modulation. We found increased expression levels of Beclin-1, Atg5-Atg12, and LC3-II and lower p62 expression in Magnolol-treated glioma cells. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins were also downregulated in Magnolol-treated glioma cells. Next, we treated the glioma cells with Insulin, a stimulator of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, to confirm that Magnolol induced autophagy by inhibiting this pathway. Insulin reversed the effect on Magnolol-mediated autophagy induction. We also established the same in in vivo glioma model where Magnolol showed an anti-glioma effect by inducing autophagy. To confirm the cytotoxic effect of Magnolol-induced autophagy, we used Chloroquine, a late-stage autophagy inhibitor. Chloroquine efficiently reversed the anti-glioma effects of Magnolol both in vitro and in vivo. Our study revealed the cytotoxic effect of Magnolol-induced autophagy in glioma, which was not previously reported. Additionally, Magnolol showed no toxicity in non-cancerous cell lines as well as rat organs. Thus, we concluded that Magnolol is an excellent candidate for developing new therapeutic strategies for glioma management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Kundu
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Subhayan Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Chandan Kanta Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Gaurav Kulkarni
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Dibakar Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jin Z, Sun X, Wang Y, Zhou C, Yang H, Zhou S. Regulation of autophagy fires up the cold tumor microenvironment to improve cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1018903. [PMID: 36300110 PMCID: PMC9589261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, have revolutionized the treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic tumors resistant to traditional therapies. However, the immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment (TME) results in a weak response to immunotherapy. Therefore, to realize the full potential of immunotherapy and obstacle barriers, it is essential to explore how to convert cold TME to hot TME. Autophagy is a crucial cellular process that preserves cellular stability in the cellular components of the TME, contributing to the characterization of the immunosuppressive TME. Targeted autophagy ignites immunosuppressive TME by influencing antigen release, antigen presentation, antigen recognition, and immune cell trafficking, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy and overcoming resistance to immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and components of TME, explore the mechanisms and functions of autophagy in the characterization and regulation of TME, and discuss autophagy-based therapies as adjuvant enhancers of immunotherapy to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology of Taizhou, Radiation Oncology Institute of Enze Medical Health Academy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuefeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology of Taizhou, Radiation Oncology Institute of Enze Medical Health Academy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology of Taizhou, Radiation Oncology Institute of Enze Medical Health Academy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology of Taizhou, Radiation Oncology Institute of Enze Medical Health Academy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Suna Zhou, ; HaihuaYang,
| | - Suna Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology of Taizhou, Radiation Oncology Institute of Enze Medical Health Academy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xi’an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Suna Zhou, ; HaihuaYang,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Liu Q, Fu Y, Ding RB, Qi X, Zhou X, Sun Z, Bao J. Magnolol as a Potential Anticancer Agent: A Proposed Mechanistic Insight. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196441. [PMID: 36234977 PMCID: PMC9570903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a serious disease with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Natural products have served as a major source for developing new anticancer drugs during recent decades. Magnolol, a representative natural phenolic lignan isolated from Magnolia officinali, has attracted considerable attention for its anticancer properties in recent years. Accumulating preclinical studies have demonstrated the tremendous therapeutic potential of magnolol via a wide range of pharmacological mechanisms against cancer. In this review, we summarized the latest advances in preclinical studies investigating anticancer properties of magnolol and described the important signaling pathways explaining its underlying mechanisms. Magnolol was capable of inhibiting cancer growth and metastasis against various cancer types. Magnolol exerted anticancer effects through inhibiting proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest, provoking apoptosis, restraining migration and invasion, and suppressing angiogenesis. Multiple signaling pathways were also involved in the pharmacological actions of magnolol against cancer, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, MAPK signaling and NF-κB signaling. Based on this existing evidence summarized in the review, we have conclusively confirmed magnolol had a multi-target anticancer effect against heterogeneous cancer disease. It is promising to develop magnolol as a drug candidate for cancer therapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanfeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ren-Bo Ding
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Xingzhu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuejun Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, Key Laboratory of Control and Prevention of Animal Disease of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Jiaolin Bao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Li M, Yang J, Chen P, Zhu J, Li X, Zeng Z, Li G, Xiong W, McCarthy JB, Xiang B, Yi M. FOXA1 prevents nutrients deprivation induced autophagic cell death through inducing loss of imprinting of IGF2 in lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:711. [PMID: 35974000 PMCID: PMC9381574 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) is a pioneer factor amplified in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, its role in LUAD remains elusive. In this study, we found that expression of FOXA1 enhanced LUAD cell survival in nutrients deprived conditions through inhibiting autophagic cell death (ACD). FOXA1 bound to the imprinting control region of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and interacted with DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), leading to initiation of DNMT1-mediated loss of imprinting (LOI) of IGF2 and autocrine of IGF2. Blockage of IGF2 and its downstream insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) abolished the protective effect of FOXA1 on LUAD cells in nutrients deprived conditions. Furthermore, FOXA1 suppressed the expression of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase 1 (GBA1), a positive mediator of ACD, through ubiquitination of GBA1 enhanced by IGF2. Notably, FOXA1 expression in A549 cells reduced the efficacy of the anti-angiogenic drug nintedanib to inhibit xenograft tumor growth, whereas a combination of nintedanib with IGF1R inhibitor linsitinib or mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin enhanced tumor control. Clinically, high expression level of FOXA1 protein was associated with unfavorable prognosis in LUAD patients of advanced stage who received bevacizumab treatment. Our findings uncovered a previously unrecognized role of FOXA1 in mediating loss of imprinting of IGF2, which confer LUAD cells enhanced survival ability against nutrients deprivation through suppressing autophagic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Li Wang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Min Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Lung Cancer Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Pan Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Jie Zhu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Xiayu Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Wei Xiong
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - James B. McCarthy
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Bo Xiang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Mei Yi
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Lung Cancer Center; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sharma R, Chatterjee E, Mathew J, Sharma S, Rao NV, Pan CH, Lee SB, Dhingra A, Grewal AS, Liou JP, Guru SK, Nepali K. Accommodation of ring C expanded deoxyvasicinone in the HDAC inhibitory pharmacophore culminates into a tractable anti-lung cancer agent and pH-responsive nanocarrier. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114602. [PMID: 35858522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A fragment recruitment process was conducted to pinpoint a suitable fragment for installation in the HDAC inhibitory template to furnish agents endowed with the potential to treat lung cancer. Resultantly, Ring C expanded deoxyvasicinone was selected as an appropriate surface recognition part that was accommodated in the HDAC three-component model. Delightfully, fused quinazolinone 6 demonstrating a magnificent anticancer profile against KRAS and EGFR mutant lung cancer cell lines (IC50 = 0.80-0.96 μM) was identified. Results of the mechanistic studies confirmed that the cell growth inhibitory effects of compound 6 stems for HDAC6 (IC50 = 12.9 nM), HDAC1 (IC50 = 49.9 nM) and HDAC3 inhibition (IC50 = 68.5 nM), respectively. Compound 6 also suppressed the colony formation ability of A549 cells, induced apoptosis, and increased autophagic flux. Key interactions of HDAC inhibitor 6 within the active site of HDAC isoforms were figured out through molecular modeling studies. Furthermore, a pH-responsive nanocarrier (Hyaluronic acid - fused quinazolinone 6 nanoparticles) was designed and assessed using a dialysis bag approach under both normal and acidic circumstances that confirmed the pH-sensitive nature of NPs. Delightfully, the nanoparticles demonstrated selective cell viability reduction potential towards the lung cancer cell lines (A549 lung cancer cell lines) and were found to be largely devoid of cell growth inhibitory effects under normal settings (L929, mouse fibroblast cells).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Esha Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jacob Mathew
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Sachin Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - N Vijayakameswara Rao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Bau Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Ashwani Dhingra
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Near Guru Nanak Khalsa College, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajmer S Grewal
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Near Guru Nanak Khalsa College, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Jing Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Santosh K Guru
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu Y, Zhu T, Li J, Bao Y, Cheng B, Chen S, Du J, Hu S. Magnolol Hybrid Nanofibrous Mat with Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Microvascularized Properties for Wound Treatment. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1124-1137. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-coding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Tonghe Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-coding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-coding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Sihao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-coding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-coding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Shaowei Hu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of Fudan University, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang Y, Wang L, Yi T, Xu J, Wang J, Qin JJ, Chen Q, Yip KM, Pan Y, Hong P, Lu Y, Shen HM, Chen HB. Synergistic effects of autophagy/mitophagy inhibitors and magnolol promote apoptosis and antitumor efficacy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3966-3982. [PMID: 35024319 PMCID: PMC8727919 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria as a signaling platform play crucial roles in deciding cell fate. Many classic anticancer agents are known to trigger cell death through induction of mitochondrial damage. Mitophagy, one selective autophagy, is the key mitochondrial quality control that effectively removes damaged mitochondria. However, the precise roles of mitophagy in tumorigenesis and anticancer agent treatment remain largely unclear. Here, we examined the functional implication of mitophagy in the anticancer properties of magnolol, a natural product isolated from herbal Magnolia officinalis. First, we found that magnolol induces mitochondrial depolarization, causes excessive mitochondrial fragmentation, and increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Second, magnolol induces PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1)‒Parkin-mediated mitophagy through regulating two positive feedforward amplification loops. Third, magnolol triggers cancer cell death and inhibits neuroblastoma tumor growth via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Moreover, magnolol prolongs the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. Finally, inhibition of mitophagy by PINK1/Parkin knockdown or using inhibitors targeting different autophagy/mitophagy stages significantly promotes magnolol-induced cell death and enhances magnolol's anticancer efficacy, both in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, our study demonstrates that magnolol can induce autophagy/mitophagy and apoptosis, whereas blockage of autophagy/mitophagy remarkably enhances the anticancer efficacy of magnolol, suggesting that targeting mitophagy may be a promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance and improve anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Qilei Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ka-Man Yip
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yihang Pan
- Department of Medical Research, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Peng Hong
- Department of Medical Research, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +852 93590902.
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +852 93590902.
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +852 93590902.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meng N, Mu X, Gong Y, Wang YH, Zhang J, Wang MH, Yang FY, Jiang CS, Zhang H. Autophagy Induced by a Novel Triazol Derivative Promotes Angiogenesis Through Decreasing Interferon-Inducible Protein 10 Level in Vascular Endothelial Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:e136-e146. [PMID: 34009854 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Autophagy plays an important role in angiogenesis, whereas the mechanisms of vascular endothelial cell (VEC) autophagy associated with angiogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we identified a novel triazol derivative (JL025) that significantly promoted angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, JL025 had no effects on cell proliferation but dramatically increased the autophagy level of VEC. The suppression of autophagy inhibited JL025-induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that JL025-induced angiogenesis was dependent on the enhanced autophagy. Mechanistic studies indicated that JL025-induced VEC autophagy was related to the Protein Kinase B/mTOR signaling pathway. Meanwhile, JL025 decreased the antiangiogenic chemokine interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP10) protein level in human VECs. Importantly, the suppression of autophagy inhibited JL025-induced decrease of IP10 protein level, indicating that autophagy mediated the degradation of IP10. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the relationship of VEC autophagy with angiogenesis, and JL025 may have a therapeutic potential in related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Meng
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| | - Xin Mu
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| | - Yan Hong Wang
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| | - Mao Hua Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Ying Yang
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| | - Cheng Shi Jiang
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Vascuar Surgery, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China; and
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ash D, Sudhahar V, Youn SW, Okur MN, Das A, O'Bryan JP, McMenamin M, Hou Y, Kaplan JH, Fukai T, Ushio-Fukai M. The P-type ATPase transporter ATP7A promotes angiogenesis by limiting autophagic degradation of VEGFR2. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3091. [PMID: 34035268 PMCID: PMC8149886 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGFR2 (KDR/Flk1) signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) plays a central role in angiogenesis. The P-type ATPase transporter ATP7A regulates copper homeostasis, and its role in VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenesis is entirely unknown. Here, we describe the unexpected crosstalk between the Copper transporter ATP7A, autophagy, and VEGFR2 degradation. The functional significance of this Copper transporter was demonstrated by the finding that inducible EC-specific ATP7A deficient mice or ATP7A-dysfunctional ATP7Amut mice showed impaired post-ischemic neovascularization. In ECs, loss of ATP7A inhibited VEGF-induced VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenic responses, in part by promoting ligand-induced VEGFR2 protein degradation. Mechanistically, VEGF stimulated ATP7A translocation from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane where it bound to VEGFR2, which prevented autophagy-mediated lysosomal VEGFR2 degradation by inhibiting autophagic cargo/adapter p62/SQSTM1 binding to ubiquitinated VEGFR2. Enhanced autophagy flux due to ATP7A dysfunction in vivo was confirmed by autophagy reporter CAG-ATP7Amut -RFP-EGFP-LC3 transgenic mice. In summary, our study uncovers a novel function of ATP7A to limit autophagy-mediated degradation of VEGFR2, thereby promoting VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenesis, which restores perfusion recovery and neovascularization. Thus, endothelial ATP7A is identified as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ash
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Varadarajan Sudhahar
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Seock-Won Youn
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mustafa Nazir Okur
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Archita Das
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - John P O'Bryan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maggie McMenamin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yali Hou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jack H Kaplan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Singamaneni V, Lone B, Singh J, Kumar P, Gairola S, Singh S, Gupta P. Coronarin K and L: Two Novel Labdane Diterpenes From Roscoea purpurea: An Ayurvedic Crude Drug. Front Chem 2021; 9:642073. [PMID: 33968897 PMCID: PMC8097143 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.642073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of cancer treatment with chemotherapy is to kill the cancerous cells without affecting the healthy normal cells. In the present study, bioactivity-guided purification of the n-chloroform soluble fraction from the methanol extract of Roscoea purpurea resulted in the identification of two new labdane diterpenes: coronarin K (1) and coronarin L (2), along with eight known compounds, coronarin A (3), bisdemethoxycurcumin (4), kaempferol 3-O-methyl ether (5), kaempferol (6), fenozan acid (7), 3-(3-methoxy,4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid ferulic acid (8), caffeic acid (9), and gallic acid (10). The structural identification of new compounds (1 and 2) were determined by detailed analysis of 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) spectroscopic data. The relative configurations of 1 and 2 were determined with the help of NOESY correlations and comparison of optical rotations with known labdane diterpenes, with established stereochemistry, while structure of known compounds was established by direct comparison of their NMR data with those reported in the literature. This is the first report of isolation of this labdane diterpenes and phenolic classes of secondary metabolites in R. purpurea. In the preliminary screening, the methanol extract and its fractions were tested for the cytotoxic activity against a panel of four cancer cell lines (A549, HCT-116, Bxpc-3, and MCF-7); extract and its chloroform fraction were found to be active against the lung cancer cell line, A-549, with IC50 value <25 μg/ml. Owing to the notable cytotoxic activity of the chloroform fraction, the compounds (1-5) were screened for their cytotoxicity against all the cell lines by MTT assay. Coronarin K, 1 showed significant cytotoxic potential against lung cancer cell lines (A-549), with IC50 value of 13.49 μM, while other compounds did not show activity below 22 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Singamaneni
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Bashir Lone
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India.,Plant Science Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sumeet Gairola
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India.,Plant Science Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Shashank Singh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India.,Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Prasoon Gupta
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Goel B, Chatterjee E, Dey B, Tripathi N, Bhardwaj N, Khattri A, Guru SK, Jain SK. Identification and Evaluation of Apoptosis-Inducing Activity of Ipomone from Ipomoea nil: A Novel, Unusual Bicyclo-[3.2.1] Octanone Containing Gibberic Acid Diterpenoid. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8253-8260. [PMID: 33817484 PMCID: PMC8015099 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ipomone (1), a novel diterpenoid along with seven known compounds (2-8), was isolated for the first time from the acidified hydroalcoholic extract of Ipomoea nil seeds. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated via comprehensive NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 1 was ascertained through NOESY, NMR, and ECD analyses. Compound 1 was found to contain an unusual bicyclo-[3.2.1] octanone, which appeared first time in any natural product that might be an artifact resulting from the acid-catalyzed 1,2 alkyl shift/rearrangement. The novel compound was screened for cytotoxic activity against a panel of 12 human cancer cell lines and exhibited weak cytotoxicity with IC50 values in the range of 34-86 μM (except for HEK-293 cells). Microscopic studies revealed that compound 1 induced apoptosis and autophagy in A549 cells. To further explore the signaling pathway involved, immunoblot analysis was performed that confirmed inhibition of apoptotic proteins PARP-1 and caspase-3 expression and upregulation of LC3B expression by compound 1. The compound was further subjected to molecular docking studies to evaluate its binding affinity with p110α, PARP-1, and caspase-3 proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Goel
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Essha Chatterjee
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National Institute
of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National Institute
of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Nancy Tripathi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nivedita Bhardwaj
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Khattri
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National Institute
of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Shreyans K. Jain
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Woo SM, Min KJ, Kwon TK. Magnolol Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of TRAIL through DR5 Upregulation and Downregulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 Proteins in Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194591. [PMID: 33050112 PMCID: PMC7582760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolol is a biologically active compound, isolated from the Chinese herb Magnolia, that regulates antiproliferative, anticancer, antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities. We found that magnolol sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptotic cell death via upregulation of DR5 and downregulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and Mcl-1 in cancer cells, but not in normal cells. Mechanistically, magnolol increased ATF4-dependent DR5 expression at the transcription level, and knockdown of ATF4 markedly inhibited magnolol-induced DR5 upregulation. Silencing DR5 with siRNA prevented combined treatment with magnolol and TRAIL-induced apoptosis and PARP cleavage. Magnolol induced proteasome-mediated Mcl-1 downregulation, while magnolol-induced c-FLIP downregulation was regulated, at least in part, by lysosomal degradation. Our results revealed that magnolol enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis via ATF4-dependent DR5 upregulation and downregulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Min Woo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.M.W.); (K.-j.M.)
| | - Kyoung-jin Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.M.W.); (K.-j.M.)
- New Drug Development Center, Deagu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 80 Chembok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.M.W.); (K.-j.M.)
- Center for Forensic Pharmaceutical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-258-7358
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu T, Zheng Z, Guo Y, Bai LP. Semisynthesis of novel magnolol-based Mannich base derivatives that suppress cancer cells via inducing autophagy. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 205:112663. [PMID: 32791403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnolol, a natural bioactive neolignan, was found in the bark of a traditional Chinese medicine Magnoliae officinalis ("Hou Po" in Chinese). In this study, thrity-two magnolol-based Mannich base derivatives 3a-p and 4a-p were synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against a panel of human tumor cell lines (T47D, MCF-7, Hela and A549). Among all derivatives, compound 3p displayed the most potent antiproliferative activity against T47D, MCF-7 and Hela cell lines with IC50 values of 0.91, 3.32 and 1.71 μM, respectively. Compared with the parental magnolol and the positive drug cisplatin, 3p exhibited up to 76.1-fold and 10.3-fold enhancement of cytotoxic effect on T47D cancer cells, respectively. Mechanism study revealed that the most potent derivative 3p suppressed cancer cells via inducing autophagy. Moreover, 3p also possessed suppressive effects on migration of T47D and Hela cancer cells. In addition, some interesting structure-activity relationships (SARs) were also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau University of Science and Technology, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sharma P, Dando I, Strippoli R, Kumar S, Somoza A, Cordani M, Tafani M. Nanomaterials for Autophagy-Related miRNA-34a Delivery in Cancer Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1141. [PMID: 32792960 PMCID: PMC7393066 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved physiological process with a fundamental role during development, differentiation, and survival of eukaryotic cells. On the other hand, autophagy dysregulation is observed in many pathological conditions, including cancer. In particular, tumor growth and progression are accompanied and promoted by increased autophagy that allows cancer cells to escape apoptosis and to proliferate also in harsh microenvironments. It is, therefore, clear that the impairment of the autophagic process may represent a valid strategy to inhibit or reduce cancer growth and progression. Among the plethora of molecular players controlling cancer growth, a group of small endogenous noncoding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) has recently emerged. In fact, miRNAs can act as either oncogenes or oncosuppressors depending on their target genes. Moreover, among miRNAs, miRNA-34a has been connected with both tumor repression and autophagy regulation, and its expression is frequently lost in many cancers. Therefore, enforced expression of miRNA-34a in cancer cells may represent a valid strategy to reduce cancer growth. However, such strategy is limited by the fast biodegradation and short half-life of miRNA-34a and by the lack of an efficient intracellular delivery system. The following review describes the autophagic process and its role in cancer as well as the role of miRNAs in general and miRNA-34a in particular in regulating tumor growth by modulating autophagy. Finally, we describe the use of nanoparticles as a promising strategy to selectively deliver miRNA-34a to tumor cells for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ilaria Dando
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | | | | | - Marco Tafani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xia Y, Ling X, Hu G, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Li Q, Zhao B, Wang Y, Deng Z. Small extracellular vesicles secreted by human iPSC-derived MSC enhance angiogenesis through inhibiting STAT3-dependent autophagy in ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:313. [PMID: 32698909 PMCID: PMC7374834 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01834-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC, iMSC-sEV) are considered to have great potential in treating ischemic diseases. Angiogenesis play an important role in post-stroke recovery. However, no studies have yet been conducted to systemically examine the effect and the underlying mechanism of iMSC-sEV on angiogenesis under brain ischemia conditions. Methods Ischemic stroke model was performed in rats induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and the pro-angiogenic capacity of iMSC-sEV was measured. The in vitro effects of iMSC-sEV on the migration and tube formation of endothelial cells were investigated, respectively. Autophagy and autophagy-related signaling pathway were detected in vivo and in vitro. Results We found that iMSC-sEV significantly reduced infarct volume, enhanced angiogenesis, and alleviated long-term neurological deficits in rats after stroke. We also demonstrated that iMSC-sEV increased migration and tube formation of endothelial cells in vitro. A further mechanism study revealed that the pro-angiogenic effect of iMSC-sEV was correlated with a reduction in autophagy. Furthermore, iMSC-sEV significantly activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and suppression of STAT3 abolished iMSC-sEV-induced inhibition of autophagy and promotion of angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions Taken together, our data indicate that iMSC-sEV promote angiogenesis after ischemic stroke, potentially, by inhibiting autophagy, a process that is partially dependent on STAT3 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuguo Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaozheng Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Guowen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qingwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery and Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Microsurgery and Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Bizeng Zhao
- Institute of Microsurgery and Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery and Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Zhifeng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Forouzanfar F, Mousavi SH. Targeting Autophagic Pathways by Plant Natural Compounds in Cancer Treatment. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:1237-1249. [PMID: 32364070 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200504072635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, natural compounds of plant origin with anticancer effects have gained more attention because of their clinical safety and broad efficacy profiles. Autophagy is a multistep lysosomal degradation pathway that may have a unique potential for clinical benefit in the setting of cancer treatment. To retrieve articles related to the study, the databases of Google Scholar, Web of sciences, Medline and Scopus, using the following keywords: Autophagic pathways; herbal medicine, oncogenic autophagic pathways, tumor-suppressive autophagic pathways, and cancer were searched. Although natural plant compounds such as resveratrol, curcumin, oridonin, gossypol, and paclitaxel have proven anticancer potential via autophagic signaling pathways, there is still a great need to find new natural compounds and investigate the underlying mechanisms, to facilitate their clinical use as potential anticancer agents through autophagic induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hadi Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bala K, Husain I, Sharma A. Arginine deaminase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS2: purification, biochemical characterization and in-vitro evaluation of anticancer activity. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:226. [PMID: 32373418 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, arginine deaminase (ADI) was purified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS2 which showed relative molecular mass of 70 ± 3 kDa on native-PAGE and 36 ± 0.5 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Purified ADI exhibited optimum activity at pH 6.5 and temperature 40 ºC. Metal ions, K+ and Mg2+ had positive, while Mn2+, Cr2+, Co2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ had negative effects on catalytic activity of ADI. Purified enzyme showed high substrate specificity towards natural substrate L-arginine and did not hydrolyse its structural analogues. In-vitro serum half-life of purified ADI was 40 h, whereas proteolytic half-life was 28, 27, and 32 min against trypsin, elastase-I and proteinase-K, respectively. Anticancer activity of ADI has been evaluated against panel of human cancer cell lines (LS-180, HCT-116, MCF-7, BT-549, T47D, HL-60, MOLT-4, K-562, and PC-3) but lowest IC50 1.2 IU ml-1 was recorded with MCF-7 cells. Colony forming assay, wound-healing migration assay, phase contrast microscopy, DAPI staining, cell cycle analysis and DNA laddering assay revealed that ADI treatment induced apoptotic cell death in dose dependent manner. Increased level of MMP loss, ROS generation and decreased level of SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH displayed ADI treatment induced mitochondrial dysfunctioning. Furthermore, purified ADI had no substantial toxicity against human normal cell lines and blood erythrocytes. These findings suggesting that purified ADI could be developed as an anticancer agent but more in depth studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bala
- 1Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Islam Husain
- 1Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh India
- 2Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Anjana Sharma
- 1Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dos Santos PK, Altei WF, Danilucci TM, Lino RLB, Pachane BC, Nunes ACC, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Alternagin-C (ALT-C), a disintegrin-like protein, attenuates alpha2beta1 integrin and VEGF receptor 2 signaling resulting in angiogenesis inhibition. Biochimie 2020; 174:144-158. [PMID: 32360415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a crucial process in tumor progression, is mainly regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, VEGFR2. Studies have shown the interaction between α2β1 integrin, a collagen receptor, and VEGFR2 in VEGF-driven angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Alternagin-C (ALT-C), an ECD-disintegrin-like protein from Bothrops alternatus snake venom, has high affinity for α2β1 integrin and shows antiangiogenic activity in concentrations higher than 100 nM. Despite previous results, its mechanism of action on angiogenic signaling pathways has not been addressed. Here we evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of ALT-C in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) associated or not with VEGF, as well as its interference in the α2β1/VEGFR2 crosstalk. ALT-C (1000 nM) affected actin cytoskeleton, decreased the number of cell filopodia, and strongly inhibited HUVEC tube formation, adhesion to type I collagen and cell migration. Down-regulation of α2β1/VEGFR2 crosstalk by ALT-C decreased the protein content and phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and β1 integrin subunit, inhibited ERK 1/2 and PI3K signaling and regulated FAK/Src and paxillin pathways. Furthermore, ALT-C increased the content of the autophagic markers LC3B and Beclin-1 in the presence of VEGF, which is associated with decreased angiogenesis. In conclusion, we suggest that ALT-C, after binding to α2β1 integrin, inhibits VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling, which results in impaired angiogenesis. These results demonstrate that ALT-C may be a potential candidate for the development of antiangiogenic therapies for tumor and metastasis treatment and help to understand the complexity and fundamental role of integrin inhibition in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patty K Dos Santos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Wanessa F Altei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Taís M Danilucci
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Rafael L B Lino
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Pachane
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ana C C Nunes
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Selistre-de-Araujo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kang R, Zeh H, Lotze M, Tang D. The Multifaceted Effects of Autophagy on the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1225:99-114. [PMID: 32030650 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35727-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is composed of cancer cells, noncancer cells (e.g., immune cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and adipocytes), and various mediators (e.g., cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and humoral factors) that work together to support cancer growth, progression, and resistance to therapies. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation mechanism by which various cytosolic cargos (e.g., damaged organelles, unused molecules, or invaded pathogens) are engulfed by double-membrane autophagosomes, and then delivered into the lysosome for degradation and recycling. The level of autophagy is a crucial threshold to either promote cell survival or induce cell death in response to environmental stresses. Autophagy plays a context-dependent role in tumorigenesis and anticancer therapy via shaping the inflammatory, hypoxic, immunosuppressive, and metabolic tumor microenvironment. In particular, impaired autophagy flux is associated with chronic inflammation, immunosuppression, stromal formation, cancer stemness, angiogenesis, metastasis, and metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment. Understanding the molecular machinery of autophagy and its communication with hallmarks of cancer could lead to potential new anticancer strategies or drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Herbert Zeh
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Oral administration of EP4-selective agonist KAG-308 suppresses mouse knee osteoarthritis development through reduction of chondrocyte hypertrophy and TNF secretion. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20329. [PMID: 31889132 PMCID: PMC6937271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the world’s most common degenerative diseases, but there is no disease-modifying treatment available. Previous studies have shown that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGE2 receptor 4 (EP4) are involved in OA pathogenesis; however, their roles are not fully understood. Here, we examined the efficacy of oral administration of KAG-308, an EP4-selective agonist, in surgically induced mouse knee OA. Cartilage degeneration and synovitis were significantly inhibited by the KAG-308 treatment. Chondrocyte hypertrophy and expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (Mmp13) in the synovium were suppressed in the KAG-308-treated mice. In cultured chondrocytes, hypertrophic differentiation was inhibited by KAG-308 and intranuclear translocation of histone deacetylase 4 (Hdac4) was enhanced. In cultured synoviocytes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of TNF and Mmp13 was also suppressed by KAG-308. KAG-308 was detected in the synovium and cartilage of orally treated mice. TNF secretion from the synovia of KAG-308-treated mice was significantly lower than control mice. Thus, we conclude that oral administration of KAG-308 suppresses OA development through suppression of chondrocyte hypertrophy and synovitis. KAG-308 may be a potent candidate for OA drug development.
Collapse
|
24
|
Mohammadinejad R, Ahmadi Z, Tavakol S, Ashrafizadeh M. Berberine as a potential autophagy modulator. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14914-14926. [PMID: 30770555 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Today, pharmacognosy is considered a valuable science in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Among herbals, Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in the Berberis species. Surprisingly, it shows antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory potential. Furthermore, it diminishes drug resistance in cancer therapy and enhances tumor suppression in part through autophagy and cell cycle arrest mechanisms. In the present review, we discuss the effect of berberine on diverse cellular pathways and describe how berberine acts as an autophagy modulator to adjust physiologic and pathologic conditions and diminishes drug resistance in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohammadinejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad Branch, Shushtar, Khuzestan, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sung SJ, Kim HK, Hong YK, Joe YA. Autophagy Is a Potential Target for Enhancing the Anti-Angiogenic Effect of Mebendazole in Endothelial Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:117-125. [PMID: 30642153 PMCID: PMC6319545 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mebendazole (MBZ), a microtubule depolymerizing drug commonly used for the treatment of helminthic infections, has recently been noted as a repositioning candidate for angiogenesis inhibition and cancer therapy. However, the definite anti-angiogenic mechanism of MBZ remains unclear. In this study, we explored the inhibitory mechanism of MBZ in endothelial cells (ECs) and developed a novel strategy to improve its anti-angiogenic therapy. Treatment of ECs with MBZ led to inhibition of EC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in several culture conditions in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or FBS, without selectivity of growth factors, although MBZ is known to inhibit VEGF receptor 2 kinase. Furthermore, MBZ inhibited EC migration and tube formation induced by either VEGF or bFGF. However, unexpectedly, treatment of MBZ did not affect FAK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by these factors. Treatment with MBZ induced shrinking of ECs and caused G2-M arrest and apoptosis with an increased Sub-G1 fraction. In addition, increased levels of nuclear fragmentation, p53 expression, and active form of caspase 3 were observed. The marked induction of autophagy by MBZ was also noted. Interestingly, inhibition of autophagy through knocking down of Beclin1 or ATG5/7, or treatment with autophagy inhibitors such as 3-methyladenine and chloroquine resulted in marked enhancement of anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of MBZ in ECs. Consequently, we suggest that MBZ induces autophagy in ECs and that protective autophagy can be a novel target for enhancing the anti-angiogenic efficacy of MBZ in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Jung Sung
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Kil Hong
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuro-Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ae Joe
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wen H, Zhou S, Song J. Induction of apoptosis by magnolol via the mitochondrial pathway and cell cycle arrest in renal carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:1271-1278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
27
|
The role of autophagy in colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2018; 3:31. [PMID: 30510778 PMCID: PMC6265276 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-018-0031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process that eliminates harmful components through lysosomal degradation. In addition to its role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, autophagy is critical to pathological processes, such as inflammation and cancer. Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is a specific type of colorectal cancer that develops from long-standing colitis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that autophagy of microenvironmental cells plays different but vital roles during tumorigenesis and CAC development. Herein, after summarizing the recent advances in understanding the role of autophagy in regulating the tumor microenvironment during different CAC stages, we draw the following conclusions: autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells inhibits colitis and CAC initiation but promotes CAC progression; autophagy in macrophages inhibits colitis, but its function on CAC is currently unclear; autophagy in neutrophils and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promotes both colitis and CAC; autophagy in dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells represses both colitis and CAC; autophagy in natural killer cells (NKs) inhibits colitis, but promotes CAC; and autophagy in endothelial cells plays a controversial role in colitis and CAC. Understanding the role of autophagy in specific compartments of the tumor microenvironment during different stages of CAC may provide insight into malignant transformation, tumor progression, and combination therapy strategies for CAC.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hassanpour M, Rezabakhsh A, Pezeshkian M, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. Distinct role of autophagy on angiogenesis: highlights on the effect of autophagy in endothelial lineage and progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:305. [PMID: 30409213 PMCID: PMC6225658 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a critical role in the dynamic growth of each cell through different conditions. It seems that this intracellular mechanism acts as a two-edged sword against the numerous cell insults. Previously, autophagy was described in the context of cell activity and behavior, but little knowledge exists related to the role of autophagy in endothelial cells, progenitors, and stem cells biology from different tissues. Angiogenic behavior of endothelial lineage and various stem cells are touted as an inevitable feature in the restoration of different damaged tissues and organs. This capacity was found to be dictated by autophagy signaling pathway. This review article highlights the fundamental role of cell autophagic response in endothelial cells function, stem cells dynamic, and differentiation rate. It seems that elucidation of the mechanisms related to pro- and/or anti-angiogenic potential of autophagy inside endothelial cells and stem cells could help us to modulate stem cell therapeutic feature post-transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hassanpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Pezeshkian
- Department of Applied Drug Research, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yin J, Wang B, Zhu C, Sun C, Liu X. [Local injection of angiopoietin 2 promotes angiogenesis in tissue engineered bone and repair of bone defect with autophagy induction in vivo]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:1150-1156. [PMID: 30129346 PMCID: PMC8413973 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201804105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the mechanism of early vascularization of the tissue engineered bone in the treatment of rabbit radial bone defect by local injection of angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2). Methods A single 1.5 cm long radius defect model (left and right sides randomised) was constructed from 48 New Zealand white rabbits. After implantation of hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffolds in bone defects, the rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (group A) and Ang-2 group (group B) were injected with 1 mL normal saline and 1 mL saline-soluble 400 ng/mL Ang-2 daily at the bone defect within 2 weeks after operation, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of autophagy related protein [microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin-1], angiogenesis related protein [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], and autophagy degradable substrate protein (SQSTMl/p62) in callus. X-ray films examination and Lane-Sandhu X-ray scoring were performed to evaluate the bone defect repair at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation. The rabbits were sacrificed at 12 weeks after operation for gross observation, and the angiogenesis of bone defect was observed by HE staining. Results Western blot assay showed that the relative expression of LC3-II/LC3-I, Beclin-1, and VEGF in group B was significantly higher than that in group A, and the relative expression of SQSTMl/p62 was significantly lower than that in group A ( P<0.05). Radiographic and gross observation of specimens showed that only a small number of callus were formed in group A, the bone defect was not repaired; more callus were formed and complete repair of bone defect was observed in group B. The Lane-Sandhu scores in group B were significantly higher than those in group A at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation ( P<0.05). HE staining showed that the Harvard tubes in group B were well arranged and the number of new vessels was significantly higher than that in group A ( t=-11.879, P=0.000). Conclusion Local injection of appropriate concentration of Ang-2 may promote early vascularization and bone defect repair of rabbit tissue engineered bone by enhancing autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100, P.R.China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211100,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shen N, Zhang R, Zhang HR, Luo HY, Shen W, Gao X, Guo DZ, Shen J. Inhibition of retinal angiogenesis by gold nanoparticles via inducing autophagy. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1269-1276. [PMID: 30140628 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.08.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles on retinal angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, and to reveal the possible mechanism. METHODS Seed growth method was used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The size, zeta potential, absorption spectrum and morphology of GNPs were identified using Malvern Nano-ZS, multimode reader (BioTek synergy2) and transmission electron microscope. Cell viability was analyzed using cell counting kit-8 method and cell growth was assessed with EdU kit. Transwell chamber was used to investigate cell migration. Tube formation method was used to assess the angiogenic property in vitro. Oxygen induced retinopathy (OIR) model was used to investigate the effect of GNPs on retinal angiogenesis. Confocal microscope and Western blot were used to study the possible mechanism of GNPs inhibited angiogenesis. RESULTS The GNPs synthesized were uniform and well dispersed. GNPs of 10 µg/mL and 20 µg/mL were able to inhibit human umbilical vein endothelial cells proliferation (50% and 72% separately, P<0.001), migration (54% and 83% separately, P<0.001) and tube formation (52% and 90% separately, P<0.001). Further data showed that GNPs were able to improve the retinopathy in an OIR model. The possible mechanism might be that GNPs were able to induce autophagy significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that GNPs are able to inhibit retinal neovascularization in vitro and in vivo. GNPs might be a potential nanomedicine for the treatment of retinal angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical Univerisity, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical Univerisity, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao-Rui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical Univerisity, Shanghai 200433, China.,Company 6 of Basic Medical School, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao-Yang Luo
- School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical Univerisity, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical Univerisity, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Da-Zhi Guo
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Magnolol: A Neolignan from the Magnolia Family for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082362. [PMID: 30103472 PMCID: PMC6121321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed widespread research to challenge carcinogenesis; however, it remains one of the most important health concerns with the worst prognosis and diagnosis. Increasing lines of evidence clearly show that the rate of cancer incidence will increase in future and will create global havoc, designating it as an epidemic. Conventional chemotherapeutics and treatment with synthetic disciplines are often associated with adverse side effects and development of chemoresistance. Thus, discovering novel economic and patient friendly drugs that are safe and efficacious is warranted. Several natural compounds have proved their potential against this dreadful disease so far. Magnolol is a hydroxylated biphenyl isolated from the root and stem bark of Magnolia tree. Magnolol can efficiently prevent or inhibit the growth of various cancers originating from different organs such as brain, breast, cervical, colon, liver, lung, prostate, skin, etc. Considering these perspectives, the current review primarily focuses on the fascinating role of magnolol against various types of cancers, and the source and chemistry of magnolol and the molecular mechanism underlying the targets of magnolol are discussed. This review proposes magnolol as a suitable candidate that can be appropriately designed and established into a potent anti-cancer drug.
Collapse
|
32
|
Angiopoietin 2 promotes angiogenesis in tissue-engineered bone and improves repair of bone defects by inducing autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:932-939. [PMID: 30021387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a key role in the repair of large segmental bone defects with tissue-engineered bones. However, there is no effective method of promoting angiogenesis in tissue-engineered bone. Both angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) and autophagy have been shown to be involved in angiogenesis, but their roles in angiogenesis of tissue-engineered bone remains unknown. In this in vivo study, a radius bone defect was created in New Zealand white rabbits, which were then treated by implantation of a hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffold followed by injection of different concentrations of Ang2. Expression of the autophagic modulators microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), Beclin-1, and SQSTM1/P62 were measured via western blotting, while the angiogenic modulators VEGF and CD31 were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. X-ray imaging combined with general observation was used to evaluate bone defect healing. Expression of LC3 -I/LC3-II, Beclin-1, VEGF, and CD31 in the callus area increased and SQSTM1/p62 decreased in a dose-dependent manner with increasing Ang2 concentration. In the group treated with a high concentration of Ang2, the new callus grew well, accompanied by remarkable angiogenesis, leading to good repair of the bone defects. However, in the low concentration of Ang2 group, in spite of the existence of angiogenesis and new bone formation, the bone defects were not repaired. Furthermore, angiogenesis and osteogenesis were both obstructed in the control group. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that a high concentration of Ang2 promoted angiogenesis in tissue-engineered bone and improved repair of bone defects by inducing autophagy.
Collapse
|
33
|
Long-Zhi Decoction Medicated Serum Promotes Angiogenesis in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Based on Autophagy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:6857398. [PMID: 29853968 PMCID: PMC5964498 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6857398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a fatal subtype of stroke that lacks effective treatments. Angiogenesis following IS is an effective response that mediates brain recovery and repair. Our previous study demonstrated that long-zhi decoction (LZD), a Chinese herbal formula, promoted angiogenesis in rats of IS model. To further investigate the association between the proangiogenic mechanism of an LZD-medicated serum and cellular autophagy, we evaluated its promotional effect on angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. We used HUVECs subjected to H2O2 to induce injury and observed the effects of the LZD-medicated serum treatment. Cell-based assays included proliferation, migration, and tube formation. To assess the extent of autophagy, transmission electron microscopy was used to measure the number of autophagosomes. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were performed to evaluate the autophagy-related protein of LC3-II and Beclin-1. The LZD-medicated serum promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation in HUVECs. The LZD-medicated serum also increased the autophagosomes and the autophagic protein expressions of LC3-II and Beclin-1. The proangiogenic and autophagic activity of LZD provides new cogitations to its clinical application and may lead to potential drug development for treating various vascular diseases, especially in the elderly, in the future.
Collapse
|
34
|
Li Q, Kan X, Yin J, Sun L, Wang Y, Li Y, Yang Q, Xiao H, Chen Y, Weng X, Cai W, Zhu X. Chamaejasmine B Induces the Anergy of Vascular Endothelial Cells to VEGFA Pro-angiogenic Signal by Autophagic Regulation of VEGFR2 in Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:963. [PMID: 29403376 PMCID: PMC5786572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The neovascularization functions essentially for malignant upgrading and predicts poor prognosis in multiple cancers, which make it the highly effective strategy for clinical treatment. Unfortunately, the known anti-angiogenic therapies show low effectiveness against breast cancer. Recently, rebalancing the pro-angiogenic property in microenvironment shows great advantages and attracts increasing attention for breast cancer treatment. Herein, we for the first time reported that Chamaejasmine B (ICJ), extracted from Stellera chamaejasme L., possessed potent anti-angiogenic effect in breast cancer. By Transwell, tube formation and aortic-ring assays, ICJ efficiently suppressed the neovascularization potential in tumor-HUVEC co-culture model. In Matrigel plug assay, the efficacy of ICJ was further identified in vivo. Mechanistically, with little influence on HUVEC apoptosis, ICJ obviously induced autophagy as proved by the elevated LC3I/II ratio, dotted distribution of LC3 and upregulated Beclin-1. Moreover, by associating with LC3 and in turn, inhibiting the level of VEGFR2, the anti-angiogenesis efficacy was closely dependent on the initiation of autophagy. Above results proved that, by attenuating the pro-angiogenic communication through VEGFR2, ICJ is a novel angiogenic inhibitor and will be a promising supplement for anti-angiogenic chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Kan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cheng YC, Hueng DY, Huang HY, Chen JY, Chen Y. Magnolol and honokiol exert a synergistic anti-tumor effect through autophagy and apoptosis in human glioblastomas. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29116-30. [PMID: 27074557 PMCID: PMC5045382 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor associated with a high mortality rate. The aim of this study is to investigate the synergistic effects of honokiol (Hono) and magnolol (Mag), extracted from Magnolia officinalis, on cytotoxicity and inhibition of human GBM tumor progression in cellular and animal models. In comparison with Hono or Mag alone, co-treatment with Hono and Mag (Hono-Mag) decreased cyclin A, D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2, 4, 6 significantly, leading to cell cycle arrest in U87MG and LN229 human glioma cells. In addition, phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (p-PI3K), p-Akt, and Ki67 were decreased after Hono-Mag treatment, showing proliferation inhibition. Hono-Mag treatment also reduced p-p38 and p-JNK but elevated p-ERK expression. Besides, Hono-Mag treatment induced autophagy and intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis. Both ERK and autophagy inhibitors enhanced Hono-Mag-induced apoptosis in LN229 cells, indicating a rescuer role of ERK. In human GBM orthotopic xenograft model, the Hono-Mag treatment inhibited the tumor progression and induced apoptosis more efficiently than Temozolomide, Hono, or Mag group. In conclusion, the Hono-Mag exerts a synergistic anti-tumor effect by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing autophagy and apoptosis in human GBM cells. The Hono-Mag may be applied as an adjuvant therapy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dueng-Yuan Hueng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Yin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Yi Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Characterization of a novel asparaginase from soil metagenomic libraries generated from forest soil. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 40:343-348. [PMID: 29127643 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2470-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To screen soil metagenomic libraries for novel enzymes with enhanced activities. RESULTS To screen soil metagenomic libraries for novel enzymes with enhanced activities. A novel L-asparaginase was identified from forest soil metagenome and its characteristics were studied. The purified protein had a specific activity of 696 IU mg-1 and optimum activity at pH 7 and 35 °C. Enhanced enzyme activities were observed in the presence of Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+. The Km value, 2 mM, and enzyme specificity constant 7.7 mM-1s-1 indicated that the recombinant enzyme has good substrate affinity to L-asparagine compared with commercially-available Escherichia coli asparaginase. The IC50 value of 0.78 µg ml-1 (0.47 IU ml-1) was observed with HL60 cell line and 0.39 µg ml-1(0.23 IU ml-1) with MOLT-3 and MOLT-4 cell lines, which is better than that of commercially-available drugs. CONCLUSION The soil metagenome derived L-asparaginase with enhanced activities could be a potential candidate to develop as a drug in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) therapy.
Collapse
|
37
|
Pan CC, Shah N, Kumar S, Wheeler SE, Cinti J, Hoyt DG, Beattie CE, An M, Mythreye K, Rakotondraibe LH, Lee NY. Angiostatic actions of capsicodendrin through selective inhibition of VEGFR2-mediated AKT signaling and disregulated autophagy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12675-12685. [PMID: 27177332 PMCID: PMC5355044 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from existing vasculature critical for embryonic development and vascular remodeling. Its dysregulation underlies numerous pathologic states ranging from ischemia to tumor growth and as such identifying new targeted- therapies is of significant interest for angiogenesis-based medicine. Here we evaluated the potential angiostatic properties of capsicodendrin (CPCD), a natural compound isolated from Cinnamosma macrocarpa, a plant belonging to the Malagasy Cinnamosma. CPCD potently inhibits endothelial proliferation, migration and capillary tube formation at nanomolar to low micromolar concentrations without inducing cytotoxic effects. We show that CPCD directly inactivates VEGFR2 and downstream AKT signaling, thereby strongly inducing autophagy as determined by increased expression of beclin1, autophagy-related gene (Atg) 3, Atg5 and LC3 cleavage. Ectopic AKT overexpression counteracts the inhibitory effects of CPCD on proliferation and capillary tubule formation. Importantly, CPCD treatment in vivo inhibits sprouting angiogenesis as evidenced by strongly reduced intersegmental vessel (ISV) sprouting and subintestinal vessel (SIV) formation during zebrafish embryonic development, and correlates with increased presence of LC3II along the ISVs despite overall reduced vasculature. These findings demonstrate CPCD as a potent inhibitor of the VEGFR2/AKT pathway at nanomolar concentrations and inducer of autophagy-related angiostatic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Pan
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Nirav Shah
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Sarah E Wheeler
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Jason Cinti
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Dale G Hoyt
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | | | - Min An
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - Nam Y Lee
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, OH, USA.,Davis Heart Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sharma S, Guru SK, Manda S, Kumar A, Mintoo MJ, Prasad VD, Sharma PR, Mondhe DM, Bharate SB, Bhushan S. A marine sponge alkaloid derivative 4-chloro fascaplysin inhibits tumor growth and VEGF mediated angiogenesis by disrupting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling cascade. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 275:47-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
39
|
Hailat MM, Ebrahim HY, Mohyeldin MM, Goda AA, Siddique AB, El Sayed KA. The tobacco cembranoid (1S,2E,4S,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol as a novel angiogenesis inhibitory lead for the control of breast malignancies. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3911-3921. [PMID: 28583806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
(1S,2E,4S,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (1) and its 4-epi-analog (2) are diterpene precursors of the key flavor components in most Nicotiana (tobacco) species that purposely degraded during commercial tobacco fermentation. Angiogenesis, recruitment of new blood vessels, is important for tumor growth, survival and metastasis that can be targeted to control cancer. This study shows evidences and potential of the cembranoid 1 as a potent angiogenesis modulator through targeting VEGFR2. In silico study suggested favorable docking scores and binding affinity of 1 at the ATP binding pocket of VEGFR2. The binding mode of 1 was parallel to the standard FDA-approved antiangiogenic drug sunitinib (4). In vitro, cembranoid 1 significantly reduced the activated VEGFR2 levels in multiple breast cancer cell lines. Intraperitoneal 40mg/kg, 3X/week treatment of 1 significantly reduced the MDA-MB-231 cells breast tumor size in mice. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis of the treated mice tumors showed significant downregulation of the vasculogenesis marker CD31 and suppressed activated VEGFR2-paxillin-FAK pathway. Matrigel study in Swiss albino mice showed similar trend. The tobacco cembranoid 1 is a potential antiangiogenic lead useful for future use to control breast malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Hailat
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Hassan Y Ebrahim
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohamed M Mohyeldin
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Amira A Goda
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Khalid A El Sayed
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lin SR, Fu YS, Tsai MJ, Cheng H, Weng CF. Natural Compounds from Herbs that can Potentially Execute as Autophagy Inducers for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071412. [PMID: 28671583 PMCID: PMC5535904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence indicates that autophagy is a response of cancer cells to various anti-cancer therapies. Autophagy is designated as programmed cell death type II, and is characterized by the formation of autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Numerous herbs, including Chinese herbs, have been applied to cancer treatments as complementary and alternative medicines, supplements, or nutraceuticals to dampen the side or adverse effects of chemotherapy drugs. Moreover, the tumor suppressive actions of herbs and natural products induced autophagy that may lead to cell senescence, increase apoptosis-independent cell death or complement apoptotic processes. Hereby, the underlying mechanisms of natural autophagy inducers are cautiously reviewed in this article. Additionally, three natural compounds—curcumin, 16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide, and prodigiosin—are presented as candidates for autophagy inducers that can trigger cell death in a supplement or alternative medicine for cancer therapy. Despite recent advancements in therapeutic drugs or agents of natural products in several cancers, it warrants further investigation in preclinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, 97401 Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung city, Taiwan.
| | - May-Jywan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 11221 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center for Neural Regeneration, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 11221 Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Henrich Cheng
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 11221 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center for Neural Regeneration, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 11221 Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, 97401 Hualien, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hua F, Shang S, Hu ZW. Seeking new anti-cancer agents from autophagy-regulating natural products. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:305-313. [PMID: 28347180 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1304385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are an important original source of many widely used drugs, including anti-cancer drugs. Early research efforts for seeking anti-cancer therapy from the natural products are mainly focused on the compounds with cytotoxicity capability. The good examples include vinblastine, vincristine, the camptothecin derivatives; topotecan, irinotecan, epipodophyllotoxin derivatives and paclitaxel. In a recent decade, the fundamental progression has been made in the understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms regarding tumor initiation, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, immune escape, and relapse, which provide a great opportunity for the development of new mechanism-based anticancer drugs, especially drugs against new molecular and cellular targets. Autophagy, a critical cell homeostasis mechanism and promising drug target involved in a verity of human diseases including cancer, can be modulated by many compounds derived from natural products. In this review, we'll give a short introduction of autophagy and discuss the roles of autophagy in the tumorigenesis and progression. And then, we summarize the accumulated evidences to show the anti-tumor effects of several compounds derived from natural products through modulation of autophagy activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hua
- a Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Shuang Shang
- a Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Zhuo-Wei Hu
- a Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mehta SR, Pérez-Santiago J, Hulgan T, Day TRC, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Gittleman H, Letendre S, Ellis R, Heaton R, Patton S, Suben JD, Franklin D, Rosario D, Clifford DB, Collier AC, Marra CM, Gelman BB, McArthur J, McCutchan A, Morgello S, Simpson D, Connor J, Grant I, Kallianpur A. Cerebrospinal fluid cell-free mitochondrial DNA is associated with HIV replication, iron transport, and mild HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:72. [PMID: 28359324 PMCID: PMC5374652 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are abundant organelles critical for energy metabolism and brain function. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), released during cellular injury and as part of the innate immune response to viral pathogens, contains CpG motifs that act as TLR-9 ligands. We investigated relationships between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell-free mtDNA levels and HIV viral load (VL), biomarkers of inflammation and iron transport, and neurocognitive (NC) function in the CNS HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Effects Research (CHARTER) cohort. Methods We quantified cell-free mtDNA in CSF by droplet digital PCR in 332 CHARTER participants who underwent comprehensive neuropsychiatric evaluation. NC performance was assessed using the global deficit score (GDS) as either a continuous or a binary measure (GDS ≥ 0.5, impaired vs. GDS < 0.5, unimpaired). CSF, clinical, and biomarker data from the earliest available time point were analyzed. Cell-free mtDNA associations with CSF inflammation and iron-related biomarkers [CXCL10, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, transferrin (TF), ceruloplasmin (CP), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], VL, and GDS were evaluated by multivariable regression. Results CSF cell-free mtDNA levels were significantly lower in participants with undetectable (vs. detectable) VL in either plasma (p < 0.001) or CSF (p < 0.001) and in those on antiretroviral therapy (ART; p < 0.001). Participants on ART with undetectable VL in both CSF and plasma had lower mtDNA levels than those with detectable VL in both compartments (p = 0.001). Higher mtDNA levels were observed in participants in the highest vs. lowest tertile (T3 vs. T1) of CSF CXCL10 (T3 vs. T1, p < 0.001) and TNF-a (T3 vs. T1, p < 0.05) in unadjusted analyses. MtDNA levels also correlated with CSF leukocyte count. After adjusting for CSF leukocyte count and VL, mtDNA levels were also associated with other inflammation- and iron-related biomarkers in CSF, including TF (T3 vs. T1, p < 0.05) and CP (T3 vs. T1, p < 0.05). With additional correction for ART use, mtDNA was also negatively associated with CSF VEGF (p < 0.05) and IL-6 (p = 0.05). We observed no associations of CSF mtDNA levels with age or GDS-defined NC impairment. Conclusions CSF cell-free mtDNA levels were associated with HIV RNA and ART status, as well as with biomarkers of iron transport and VEGF, a growth factor with known effects on mitochondrial integrity and autophagy. CSF mtDNA may be a biomarker of iron dysregulation and/or neuroinflammation during HIV infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0848-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay R Mehta
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - Todd Hulgan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tyler R C Day
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Haley Gittleman
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Scott Letendre
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ronald Ellis
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Patton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State/Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jesse D Suben
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donald Franklin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Debralee Rosario
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David B Clifford
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ann C Collier
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Benjamin B Gelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Justin McArthur
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allen McCutchan
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Susan Morgello
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Simpson
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State/Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Igor Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Asha Kallianpur
- Genomic Medicine Institute/Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Berger MD, Yamauchi S, Cao S, Hanna DL, Sunakawa Y, Schirripa M, Matsusaka S, Yang D, Groshen S, Zhang W, Ning Y, Okazaki S, Miyamoto Y, Suenaga M, Lonardi S, Cremolini C, Falcone A, Heinemann V, Loupakis F, Stintzing S, Lenz HJ. Autophagy-related polymorphisms predict hypertension in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with FOLFIRI and bevacizumab: Results from TRIBE and FIRE-3 trials. Eur J Cancer 2017; 77:13-20. [PMID: 28347919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The most frequent bevacizumab-related side-effects are hypertension, proteinuria, bleeding and thromboembolism. To date, there is no biomarker that predicts anti-VEGF-associated toxicity. As autophagy inhibits angiogenesis, we hypothesised that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within autophagy-related genes may predict bevacizumab-mediated toxicity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with mCRC treated with first-line FOLFIRI and bevacizumab in two phase III randomised trials, namely the TRIBE trial (n = 219, discovery cohort) and the FIRE-3 trial (n = 234, validation cohort) were included in this study. Patients receiving treatment with FOLFIRI and cetuximab (FIRE-3, n = 204) served as a negative control. 12 SNPs in eight autophagy-related genes (ATG3/5/8/13, beclin 1, FIP200, unc-51-like kinase 1, UVRAG) were analysed by PCR-based direct sequencing. RESULTS The FIP200 rs1129660 variant showed significant associations with hypertension in the TRIBE cohort. Patients harbouring any G allele of the FIP200 rs1129660 SNP showed a significantly lower rate of grade 2-3 hypertension compared with the A/A genotype (3% versus 15%, odds ratio [OR] 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02-0.73; P = 0.009). Similarly, G allele carriers of the FIP200 rs1129660 SNP were less likely to develop grade 2-3 hypertension than patients with an A/A genotype in the FIRE-3 validation cohort (9% versus 20%, OR 0.43; 95% CI, 0.14-1.11; P = 0.077), whereas this association could not be observed in the control cohort (12% versus 9%, OR 1.40; 95% CI, 0.45-4.04; P = 0.60). CONCLUSION This is the first report demonstrating that polymorphisms in the autophagy-related FIP200 gene may predict hypertension in patients with mCRC treated with FOLFIRI and bevacizumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Berger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Shinichi Yamauchi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Shu Cao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Diana L Hanna
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yu Sunakawa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Marta Schirripa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Oncologia Medica 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Satoshi Matsusaka
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Dongyun Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Susan Groshen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Wu Zhang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yan Ning
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yuji Miyamoto
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mitsukuni Suenaga
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Oncologia Medica 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- U.O. Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alfredo Falcone
- U.O. Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Volker Heinemann
- Department of Medical Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Oncologia Medica 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Department of Medical Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Munich (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang TH, Chan CW, Fang JY, Shih YM, Liu YW, Wang TCV, Chen CY. 2-O-Methylmagnolol upregulates the long non-coding RNA, GAS5, and enhances apoptosis in skin cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2638. [PMID: 28252643 PMCID: PMC5386561 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenol compound isolated from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, has been shown to exhibit anti-proliferative effect in various cancer cells, including skin cancer cells. Methoxylation of magnolol appears to improve its anti-inflammatory activity, yet the effect of this modification on the agent's antitumor activity remains unknown. In this work, we report that 2-O-methylmagnolol (MM1) displays improved antitumor activity against skin cancer cells compared to magnolol both in vitro and in vivo. The increased antitumor activity of MM1 appears to correlate with its increased ability to induce apoptosis. DNA microarray and network pathway analyses suggest that MM1 affects certain key factors involved in regulating apoptosis and programmed cell death. Interestingly, the level of the long non-coding (lnc) RNA of growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) was increased in MM1-treated cells, and inhibition of lncRNA GAS5 inhibited MM1-induced apoptosis. Conversely, overexpression of lncRNA GAS5 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in skin cancer cells. The expression of lncRNA GAS5 in the skin cancer tissues was found to be lower than that in the adjacent normal tissues in a majority of patients. Taken together, our findings suggest that MM1 has improved antitumor activity in skin cancer cells, and that this is due, at least in part, to the upregulation of lncRNA GAS5 and the enhancement of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.,Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Wen Chan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Min Shih
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien V Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.,Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Arora D, Sharma N, Singamaneni V, Sharma V, Kushwaha M, Abrol V, Guru S, Sharma S, Gupta AP, Bhushan S, Jaglan S, Gupta P. Isolation and characterization of bioactive metabolites from Xylaria psidii, an endophytic fungus of the medicinal plant Aegle marmelos and their role in mitochondrial dependent apoptosis against pancreatic cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1312-1320. [PMID: 27765350 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Xylaria has been reported as a rich source of biologically active secondary metabolites. In the present study, an endophytic fungus Xylaria psidii has been isolated from the leaf sample of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr., characterized on the basis of its morphological features and sequence data for the ITS region (KU291350) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Biological screening of ethyl acetate extract of Xylaria psidii displayed a potential therapeutic effect on pancreatic cancer cells. HYPOTHESIS This study was designed systematically to explore Xylaria psidii, an endophytic fungus for the identification of biologically active secondary metabolites against pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS While exploring the bioactive secondary metabolites, a sensitive and reliable LC-MS based dereplication approach was applied to identify four compounds A-D from fungal extract. Further bioactivity guided isolation of fungal extract yielded two major metabolites 1 and 2. The structures of 1 and 2 have been determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis including MS, NMR, IR and UV data and similarity with published data. Xylarione A (1) is new whereas (-) 5-methylmellein (2) is reported for the first time from X. psidii. Both the isolated compounds were screened for their effect on the viability and proliferation against a panel of cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MIA-Pa-Ca-2, NCI-H226, HepG2 and DU145) of different tissue origin. RESULTS Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer (MIA-Pa-Ca-2) cells with IC50 values of 16.0 and 19.0 µm, respectively. The cell cycle distribution in MIA-Pa-Ca-2 cells, confirmed a cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 phase. Cell death induced by 1 and 2 displayed features characteristic of apoptosis. Flow cytometry based analysis of 1 and 2 using Rhodamine-123 displayed substantial loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in a concentration dependent manner by both the compounds. CONCLUSION Results conclude that the isolated compounds 1 and 2 are responsible for the activity shown by crude ethyl acetate extract and may act as potential leads for medicinal chemists for designing more potent analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Arora
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Venugopal Singamaneni
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Manoj Kushwaha
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Vidushi Abrol
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Santosh Guru
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sonia Sharma
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ajai Prakash Gupta
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Prasoon Gupta
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Retta SF, Glading AJ. Oxidative stress and inflammation in cerebral cavernous malformation disease pathogenesis: Two sides of the same coin. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 81:254-270. [PMID: 27639680 PMCID: PMC5155701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CCM proteins play pleiotropic roles in various redox-sensitive signaling pathways. CCM proteins modulate the crosstalk between redox signaling and autophagy that govern cell homeostasis and stress responses. Oxidative stress and inflammation are emerging as key focal determinants of CCM lesion formation, progression and severity. The pleiotropic functions of CCM proteins may prevent vascular dysfunctions triggered by local oxidative stress and inflammatory events. The distinct therapeutic compounds proposed so far for CCM disease share the ability to modulate redox signaling and autophagy.
Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is a vascular disease of proven genetic origin, which may arise sporadically or is inherited as an autosomal dominant condition with incomplete penetrance and highly variable expressivity. CCM lesions exhibit a range of different phenotypes, including wide inter-individual differences in lesion number, size, and susceptibility to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Lesions may remain asymptomatic or result in pathological conditions of various type and severity at any age, with symptoms ranging from recurrent headaches to severe neurological deficits, seizures, and stroke. To date there are no direct therapeutic approaches for CCM disease besides the surgical removal of accessible lesions. Novel pharmacological strategies are particularly needed to limit disease progression and severity and prevent de novo formation of CCM lesions in susceptible individuals. Useful insights into innovative approaches for CCM disease prevention and treatment are emerging from a growing understanding of the biological functions of the three known CCM proteins, CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2 and CCM3/PDCD10. In particular, accumulating evidence indicates that these proteins play major roles in distinct signaling pathways, including those involved in cellular responses to oxidative stress, inflammation and angiogenesis, pointing to pathophysiological mechanisms whereby the function of CCM proteins may be relevant in preventing vascular dysfunctions triggered by these events. Indeed, emerging findings demonstrate that the pleiotropic roles of CCM proteins reflect their critical capacity to modulate the fine-tuned crosstalk between redox signaling and autophagy that govern cell homeostasis and stress responses, providing a novel mechanistic scenario that reconciles both the multiple signaling pathways linked to CCM proteins and the distinct therapeutic approaches proposed so far. In addition, recent studies in CCM patient cohorts suggest that genetic susceptibility factors related to differences in vascular sensitivity to oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to inter-individual differences in CCM disease susceptibility and severity. This review discusses recent progress into the understanding of the molecular basis and mechanisms of CCM disease pathogenesis, with specific emphasis on the potential contribution of altered cell responses to oxidative stress and inflammatory events occurring locally in the microvascular environment, and consequent implications for the development of novel, safe, and effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Francesco Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy; CCM Italia Research Network(1).
| | - Angela J Glading
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, 14642 Rochester, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Goyal A, Gubbiotti MA, Chery DR, Han L, Iozzo RV. Endorepellin-evoked Autophagy Contributes to Angiostasis. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19245-56. [PMID: 27435676 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.740266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endorepellin, the C-terminal domain of perlecan, is an angiostatic molecule that acts as a potent inducer of autophagy via its interaction with VEGFR2. In this study, we examined the effect of endorepellin on endothelial cells using atomic force microscopy. Soluble endorepellin caused morphological and biophysical changes such as an increase in cell surface roughness and cell height. Surprisingly, these changes were not accompanied by alterations in the endothelial cell elastic modulus. We discovered that endorepellin-induced autophagic flux led to co-localization of mammalian target of rapamycin with LC3-positive autophagosomes. Endorepellin functioned upstream of AMP-activated kinase α, as compound C, an inhibitor of AMP-activated kinase α, abrogated endorepellin-mediated activation and co-localization of Beclin 1 and LC3, thereby reducing autophagic progression. Functionally, we discovered that both endorepellin and Torin 1, a canonical autophagic inducer, blunted ex vivo angiogenesis. We conclude that autophagy is a novel mechanism by which endorepellin promotes angiostasis independent of nutrient deprivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Goyal
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107 and
| | - Maria A Gubbiotti
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107 and
| | - Daphney R Chery
- the School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Lin Han
- the School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107 and
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Peritoneal expression of Matrilysin helps identify early post-operative recurrence of colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13402-15. [PMID: 25596746 PMCID: PMC4537023 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) following a potentially curative resection is a challenging clinical problem. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is over-expressed by CRC cells and supposed to play a major role in CRC cell diffusion and metastasis. MMP-7 RNA expression was assessed by real-time PCR using specific primers in peritoneal washing fluid obtained during surgical procedure. After surgery, patients underwent a regular follow up for assessing recurrence. transcripts for MMP-7 were detected in 31/57 samples (54%). Patients were followed-up (range 20-48 months) for recurrence prevention. Recurrence was diagnosed in 6 out of 55 patients (11%) and two patients eventually died because of this. Notably, all the six patients who had relapsed were positive for MMP-7. Sensitivity and specificity of the test were 100% and 49% respectively. Data from patients have also been corroborated by computational approaches. Public available coloncarcinoma datasets have been employed to confirm MMP7 clinical impact on the disease. Interestingly, MMP-7 expression appeared correlated to Tgfb-1, and correlation of the two factors represented a poor prognostic factor. This study proposes positivity of MMP-7 in peritoneal cavity as a novel biomarker for predicting disease recurrence in patients with CRC.
Collapse
|
49
|
Law BYK, Mok SWF, Wu AG, Lam CWK, Yu MXY, Wong VKW. New Potential Pharmacological Functions of Chinese Herbal Medicines via Regulation of Autophagy. Molecules 2016; 21:359. [PMID: 26999089 PMCID: PMC6274228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a universal catabolic cellular process for quality control of cytoplasm and maintenance of cellular homeostasis upon nutrient deprivation and environmental stimulus. It involves the lysosomal degradation of cellular components such as misfolded proteins or damaged organelles. Defects in autophagy are implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases including cancers, myopathy, neurodegenerations, infections and cardiovascular diseases. In the recent decade, traditional drugs with new clinical applications are not only commonly found in Western medicines, but also highlighted in Chinese herbal medicines (CHM). For instance, pharmacological studies have revealed that active components or fractions from Chaihu (Radix bupleuri), Hu Zhang (Rhizoma polygoni cuspidati), Donglingcao (Rabdosia rubesens), Hou po (Cortex magnoliae officinalis) and Chuan xiong (Rhizoma chuanxiong) modulate cancers, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular disease via autophagy. These findings shed light on the potential new applications and formulation of CHM decoctions via regulation of autophagy. This article reviews the roles of autophagy in the pharmacological actions of CHM and discusses their new potential clinical applications in various human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Simon Wing Fai Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - An Guo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Margaret Xin Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Husain I, Sharma A, Kumar S, Malik F. Purification and Characterization of Glutaminase Free Asparaginase from Enterobacter cloacae: In-Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic Potential against Human Myeloid Leukemia HL-60 Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148877. [PMID: 26891220 PMCID: PMC4758734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparaginase is an important antileukemic agent extensively used worldwide but the intrinsic glutaminase activity of this enzymatic drug is responsible for serious life threatening side effects. Hence, glutaminase free asparaginase is much needed for upgradation of therapeutic index of asparaginase therapy. In the present study, glutaminase free asparaginase produced from Enterobacter cloacae was purified to apparent homogeneity. The purified enzyme was found to be homodimer of approximately 106 kDa with monomeric size of approximately 52 kDa and pI 4.5. Purified enzyme showed optimum activity between pH 7-8 and temperature 35-40°C, which is close to the internal environment of human body. Monovalent cations such as Na+ and K+ enhanced asparaginase activity whereas divalent and trivalent cations, Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, and Fe3+ inhibited the enzyme activity. Kinetic parameters Km, Vmax and Kcat of purified enzyme were found to be 1.58×10-3 M, 2.22 IU μg-1 and 5.3 × 104 S-1, respectively. Purified enzyme showed prolonged in vitro serum (T1/2 = ~ 39 h) and trypsin (T1/2 = ~ 32 min) half life, which is therapeutically remarkable feature. The cytotoxic activity of enzyme was examined against a panel of human cancer cell lines, HL-60, MOLT-4, MDA-MB-231 and T47D, and highest cytotoxicity observed against HL-60 cells (IC50 ~ 3.1 IU ml-1), which was comparable to commercial asparaginase. Cell and nuclear morphological studies of HL-60 cells showed that on treatment with purified asparaginase symptoms of apoptosis were increased in dose dependent manner. Cell cycle progression analysis indicates that enzyme induces apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase. Mitochondrial membrane potential loss showed that enzyme also triggers the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Furthermore, the enzyme was found to be nontoxic for human noncancerous cells FR-2 and nonhemolytic for human erythrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Husain
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of P. G. Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Sharma
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of P. G. Studies and Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| |
Collapse
|