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Abdul Manap AS, Wisham AA, Wong FW, Ahmad Najmi HR, Ng ZF, Diba RS. Mapping the function of MicroRNAs as a critical regulator of tumor-immune cell communication in breast cancer and potential treatment strategies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1390704. [PMID: 38726321 PMCID: PMC11079208 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1390704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Among women, breast cancer ranks as the most prevalent form of cancer, and the presence of metastases significantly reduces prognosis and diminishes overall survival rates. Gaining insights into the biological mechanisms governing the conversion of cancer cells, their subsequent spread to other areas of the body, and the immune system's monitoring of tumor growth will contribute to the advancement of more efficient and targeted therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the interaction between tumor cells and immune cells, facilitating tumor cells' evasion of the immune system and promoting cancer progression. Additionally, miRNAs also influence metastasis formation, including the establishment of metastatic sites and the transformation of tumor cells into migratory phenotypes. Specifically, dysregulated expression of these genes has been associated with abnormal expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, thereby facilitating tumor development. This study aims to provide a concise overview of the significance and function of miRNAs in breast cancer, focusing on their involvement as tumor suppressors in the antitumor immune response and as oncogenes in metastasis formation. Furthermore, miRNAs hold tremendous potential as targets for gene therapy due to their ability to modulate specific pathways that can either promote or suppress carcinogenesis. This perspective highlights the latest strategies developed for miRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimi Syamima Abdul Manap
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fei Wen Wong
- Faculty of Biosciences, MAHSA University, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zhi Fei Ng
- Faculty of Biosciences, MAHSA University, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
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2
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Nan L, Kaisi F, Mengzhen Z, Yang Y, Jiaming Y, Huirong Y, Xinwei H, Chen W, Liucheng Y, Kai W. miR-375-3p targets YWHAB to attenuate intestine injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:63. [PMID: 38431920 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05653-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant contributor to neonatal mortality. This study aimed to investigate the role of high levels of miR-375-3p in breast milk in the development of NEC and elucidate its mechanism. METHODS Differential expression of miR-375-3p in the intestines of breast-fed and formula-fed mice was confirmed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NEC mice models were established, and intestinal injury was assessed using HE staining. RT-PCR and Western blot were conducted to examine the expression of miR-375-3p, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein β (YWHAB), as well as the inflammatory in IEC-6 cells, and intestinal tissues obtained from NEC mice and patients. Flow cytometry and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) were employed to elucidate the impact of miR-375-3p and YWHAB on cell apoptosis and proliferation. RESULTS Breastfeeding increases miR-375-3p expression in the intestines. The expression of miR-375-3p in NEC intestinal tissues exhibited a significant decrease compared to the healthy group. Additionally, the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was higher in the NEC group compared to the control group. Down-regulation of miR-375-3p inhibited IEC-6 cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and elevated secretion of inflammatory factors. Bioinformatics revealed that YWHAB may be a target of miR-375-3p. RT-PCR and Western blot indicated a down-regulation of YWHAB expression in intestines of NEC patients and mice. Furthermore, YWHAB was found to be positively connected with miR-375-3p. Knockdown miR-375-3p down-regulated YWHAB expression in cells. Inhibition of YWHAB exhibited similar effects to miR-375-3p in IEC-6 cells. YWHAB plasmid partially reverse cellular functional impairment induced by miR-375-3p knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Breastfeeding elevated miR-375-3p expression in intestines in neonatal mice. MiR-375-3p leads to a decrease in apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, an increase in cell proliferation, and a concomitant reduction in the expression of inflammatory factors partly through targeting YWHAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Nan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Kaisi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhang Mengzhen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Jiaming
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Huirong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hou Xinwei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liucheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wu Kai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Damiescu R, Efferth T, Dawood M. Dysregulation of different modes of programmed cell death by epigenetic modifications and their role in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 584:216623. [PMID: 38246223 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Modifications of epigenetic factors affect our lives and can give important information regarding one's state of health. In cancer, epigenetic modifications play a crucial role, as they influence various programmed cell death types. The purpose of this review is to investigate how epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, influence various cell death processes in suppressing or promoting cancer development. Autophagy and apoptosis are the most investigated programmed cell death modes, as based on the tumor stage these cell death types can either promote or prevent cancer evolution. Therefore, our discussion focuses on how epigenetic modifications affect autophagy and apoptosis, as well as their diagnostic and therapeutical potential in combination with available chemotherapeutics. Additionally, we summarize the available data regarding the role of epigenetic modifications on other programmed cell death modes, such as ferroptosis, necroptosis, and parthanatos in cancer and discuss current advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Damiescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz, Germany.
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4
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Prabhu KS, Sadida HQ, Kuttikrishnan S, Junejo K, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Beyond genetics: Exploring the role of epigenetic alterations in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155174. [PMID: 38306863 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a major global health challenge. Its rising incidence is attributed to factors such as delayed diagnosis, the complexity of its subtypes, and increasing drug resistance, all contributing to less-than-ideal patient outcomes. Central to the progression of breast cancer are epigenetic aberrations, which significantly contribute to drug resistance and the emergence of cancer stem cell traits. These include alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the expression of non-coding RNAs. Understanding these epigenetic changes is crucial for developing advanced breast cancer management strategies despite their complexity. Investigating these epigenetic modifications offers the potential for novel diagnostic markers, more accurate prognostic indicators, and the identification of reliable predictors of treatment response. This could lead to the development of new targeted therapies. However, this requires sustained, focused research efforts to navigate the challenges of understanding breast cancer carcinogenesis and its epigenetic underpinnings. A deeper understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer can revolutionize personalized medicine. This could lead to significant improvements in patient care, including early detection, precise disease stratification, and more effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Kulsoom Junejo
- General Surgery Department, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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5
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Berti FCB, Tofolo MV, Nunes-Souza E, Marchi R, Okano LM, Ruthes M, Rosolen D, Malheiros D, Fonseca AS, Cavalli LR. Extracellular vesicles-associated miRNAs in triple-negative breast cancer: from tumor biology to clinical relevance. Life Sci 2024; 336:122332. [PMID: 38070862 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), a heterogeneous group of diseases, is the most frequent type and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Tumor heterogeneity directly impacts cancer progression and treatment, as evidenced by the patients´ diverse prognosis and treatment responses across the distinct molecular subtypes. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which accounts for 10-20% of all diagnosed BC cases, is an aggressive BC subtype with a challenging prognosis. Current treatment options include systemic chemotherapy and/or target therapies based on PARP and PD-L1 inhibitors for eligible patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in TNBC tumorigenesis. These molecules are present both intracellularly and released into biofluids, packaged into extracellular vesicles (EVs). Emerging evidence indicates that EVs-associated miRNAs (EVs-miRNAs), transferred from parental to recipient cells, are key mediators of cell-to-cell communication. Considering their stability and abundance in several biofluids, these molecules may reflect the epigenomic composition of their tumors of origin and contribute to mediate tumorigenesis, similar to their intracellular counterparts. This review provides the current knowledge on EVs-miRNAs in the TNBC subtype, focusing on their role in regulating mRNA targets involved in tumor phenotypes and their clinical relevance as promising biomarkers in liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Vitoria Tofolo
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.
| | - Emanuelle Nunes-Souza
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Marchi
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Miyuki Okano
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.
| | - Mayara Ruthes
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.
| | - Daiane Rosolen
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Malheiros
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 80060-000, Brazil.
| | - Aline Simoneti Fonseca
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.
| | - Luciane Regina Cavalli
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil; Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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Toledo-Stuardo K, Ribeiro CH, Campos I, Tello S, Latorre Y, Altamirano C, Dubois-Camacho K, Molina MC. Impact of MICA 3'UTR allelic variability on miRNA binding prediction, a bioinformatic approach. Front Genet 2023; 14:1273296. [PMID: 38146340 PMCID: PMC10749337 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1273296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that participate as powerful genetic regulators. MiRNAs can interfere with cellular processes by interacting with a broad spectrum of target genes under physiological and pathological states, including cancer development and progression. Major histocompatibility complex major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) belongs to a family of proteins that bind the natural-killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor on Natural Killer cells and other cytotoxic lymphocytes. MICA plays a crucial role in the host's innate immune response to several disease settings, including cancer. MICA harbors various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in its 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR), a characteristic that increases the complexity of MICA regulation, favoring its post-transcriptional modulation by miRNAs under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of MICA 3'UTR sequences according to each MICA allele described to date using NCBI database. We also systematically evaluated interactions between miRNAs and their putative targets on MICA 3'UTR containing SNPs using in silico analysis. Our in silico results showed that MICA SNPs rs9266829, rs 1880, and rs9266825, located in the target sequence of miRNAs hsa-miR-106a-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-1207.5p, and hsa-miR-711 could modify the binding free energy between -8.62 and -18.14 kcal/mol, which may affect the regulation of MICA expression. We believe that our results may provide a starting point for further exploration of miRNA regulatory effects depending on MICA allelic variability; they may also be a guide to conduct miRNA in silico analysis for other highly polymorphic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Toledo-Stuardo
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina H. Ribeiro
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ivo Campos
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Samantha Tello
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yesenia Latorre
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Karen Dubois-Camacho
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maria Carmen Molina
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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7
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Zhang J, Luo Q, Li X, Guo J, Zhu Q, Lu X, Wei L, Xiang Z, Peng M, Ou C, Zou Y. Novel role of immune-related non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers regulating tumour immunoresponse via MICA/NKG2D pathway. Biomark Res 2023; 11:86. [PMID: 37784183 PMCID: PMC10546648 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class I related chain A (MICA) is an important and stress-induced ligand of the natural killer group 2 member D receptor (NKG2D) that is expressed in various tumour cells. Given that the MICA/NKG2D signalling system is critically embedded in the innate and adaptive immune responses, it is particularly involved in the surveillance of cancer and viral infections. Emerging evidence has revealed the important roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in different cancer types. We searched for all relevant publications in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science database using the keywords ncRNA, MICA, NKG2D, cancer, and miRNAs. All relevant studies published from 2008 to the 2023 were retrieved and collated. Notably, we found that miRNAs can target to NKG2D mRNA and MICA mRNA 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR), leading to translation inhibition of NKG2D and MICA degradation. Several immune-related MICA/NKG2D pathways may be dysregulated in cancer with aberrant miRNA expressions. At the same time, the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis holds that circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs induce an abnormal MICA expression by directly targeting downstream miRNAs to mediate mRNA suppression in cancer. This review summarizes the novel mechanism of immune escape in the ncRNA-related MICA/NKG2D pathway mediated by NK cells and cancer cells. Moreover, we identified the miRNA-NKG2D, miRNA-MICA and circRNA/lncRNA/mRNA-miRNA-mRNA/MICA axis. Thus, we were particularly concerned with the regulation of mediated immune escape in the MICA/NKG2D pathway by ncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers of immunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Qizhi Luo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Junshuang Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofang Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Leiyan Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiqing Xiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Manqing Peng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
| | - Yizhou Zou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
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Elanany MM, Mostafa D, Hamdy NM. Remodeled tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) parade via natural killer cells reprogramming in breast cancer. Life Sci 2023; 330:121997. [PMID: 37536617 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the main cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally. Despite substantial advances in the identification and management of primary tumors, traditional therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation cannot completely eliminate the danger of relapse and metastatic illness. Metastasis is controlled by microenvironmental and systemic mechanisms, including immunosurveillance. This led to the evolvement of immunotherapies that has gained much attention in the recent years for cancer treatment directed to the innate immune system. The long forgotten innate immune cells known as natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as novel targets for more effective therapeutics for BC. Normally, NK cells has the capacity to identify and eradicate tumor cells either directly or by releasing cytotoxic granules, chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines. Yet, NK cells are exposed to inhibitory signals by cancer cells, which causes them to become dysfunctional in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in BC, supporting tumor escape and spread. Potential mechanisms of NK cell dysfunction in BC metastasis have been recently identified. Understanding these immunologic pathways driving BC metastasis will lead to improvements in the current immunotherapeutic strategies. In the current review, we highlight how BC evades immunosurveillance by rendering NK cells dysfunctional and we shed the light on novel NK cell- directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Elanany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Mostafa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
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Afra F, Mahboobipour AA, Salehi Farid A, Ala M. Recent progress in the immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: Non-coding RNA-based immunotherapy may improve the outcome. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115104. [PMID: 37393866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improved the prognosis of HCC; however, the therapeutic response remains unsatisfactory in a substantial proportion of patients or needs to be further improved in responders. Herein, other methods of immunotherapy, including vaccine-based immunotherapy, adoptive cell therapy, cytokine delivery, kynurenine pathway inhibition, and gene delivery, have been adopted in clinical trials. Although the results were not encouraging enough to expedite their marketing. A major proportion of human genome is transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Preclinical studies have extensively investigated the roles of ncRNAs in different aspects of HCC biology. HCC cells reprogram the expression pattern of numerous ncRNAs to decrease the immunogenicity of HCC, exhaust the cytotoxic and anti-cancer function of CD8 + T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and M1 macrophages, and promote the immunosuppressive function of T Reg cells, M2 macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Mechanistically, cancer cells recruit ncRNAs to interact with immune cells, thereby regulating the expression of immune checkpoints, functional receptors of immune cells, cytotoxic enzymes, and inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, prediction models based on the tissue expression or even serum levels of ncRNAs could predict response to immunotherapy in HCC. Moreover, ncRNAs markedly potentiated the efficacy of ICIs in murine models of HCC. This review article first discusses recent advances in the immunotherapy of HCC, then dissects the involvement and potential application of ncRNAs in the immunotherapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Afra
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Mahboobipour
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Salehi Farid
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu Y, Li J, Li J, Yan H, Qiao B, Wang Y, Hu Y, Sun C. The predictive value of MiR-221 in cancer chemoresistance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:883-895. [PMID: 37272651 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2219451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have reported that microRNA-221 (miR-221) is abnormally expressed in various cancers, and there has not been a study to systematically analyze the association between miR-221 and chemoresistance in different cancers. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, and Cochrane for relevant studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate. RESULTS A total of 30 studies with 1670 patients were enrolled in our study. Thirteen cancer types have been studied, and traditional chemotherapy, targeted drugs, endocrine therapy, chemoradiotherapy, and other treatments were used. High miR-221 expression was associated with poor chemotherapy response in most studies, and the meta-analysis confirmed this result (OR = 3.64, 95%CI: 1.73-7.62, p = 0.001). Besides, the higher level of miR-221 was related to shorter overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.47-3.16, p < 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 1.81, 95%CI: 1.51-2.16, p < 0.001) in patients after chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Our results highlight that high miR-221 expression has possible associations with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in multiple cancers. Further studies are needed to discover the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations to provide a solid evidence base for it being used as biomarkers of response to chemotherapeutic interventions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junying Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Yan
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Qiao
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yadan Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jaiswal A, Kaushik N, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Functional impact of non-coding RNAs in high-grade breast carcinoma: Moving from resistance to clinical applications: A comprehensive review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188915. [PMID: 37196783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in cancer therapy, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are the most relapsing cancer sub-type. It is partly due to their propensity to develop resistance against the available therapies. An intricate network of regulatory molecules in cellular mechanisms leads to the development of resistance in tumors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained widespread attention as critical regulators of cancer hallmarks. Existing research suggests that aberrant expression of ncRNAs modulates the oncogenic or tumor suppressive signaling. This can mitigate the responsiveness of efficacious anti-tumor interventions. This review presents a systematic overview of biogenesis and down streaming molecular mechanism of the subgroups of ncRNAs. Furthermore, it explains ncRNA-based strategies and challenges to target the chemo-, radio-, and immunoresistance in TNBCs from a clinical standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Jaiswal
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Kordaß T, Chao TY, Osen W, Eichmüller SB. Novel microRNAs modulating ecto-5'-nucleotidase expression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199374. [PMID: 37409119 PMCID: PMC10318900 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The expression of immune checkpoint molecules (ICMs) by cancer cells is known to counteract tumor-reactive immune responses, thereby promoting tumor immune escape. For example, upregulated expression of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E), also designated as CD73, increases extracellular levels of immunosuppressive adenosine, which inhibits tumor attack by activated T cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Thus, the binding of miRNAs to the 3'-untranslated region of target mRNAs either blocks translation or induces degradation of the targeted mRNA. Cancer cells often exhibit aberrant miRNA expression profiles; hence, tumor-derived miRNAs have been used as biomarkers for early tumor detection. Methods In this study, we screened a human miRNA library and identified miRNAs affecting the expression of ICMs NT5E, ENTPD1, and CD274 in the human tumor cell lines SK-Mel-28 (melanoma) and MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer). Thereby, a set of potential tumor-suppressor miRNAs that decreased ICM expression in these cell lines was defined. Notably, this study also introduces a group of potential oncogenic miRNAs that cause increased ICM expression and presents the possible underlying mechanisms. The results of high-throughput screening of miRNAs affecting NT5E expression were validated in vitro in 12 cell lines of various tumor entities. Results As result, miR-1285-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-3134 were found to be the most potent inhibitors of NT5E expression, while miR-134-3p, miR-6859-3p, miR-6514-3p, and miR-224-3p were identified as miRNAs that strongly enhanced NT5E expression levels. Discussion The miRNAs identified might have clinical relevance as potential therapeutic agents and biomarkers or therapeutic targets, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Kordaß
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tsu-Yang Chao
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Osen
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan B. Eichmüller
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Hanif F, Zhang Y, Dube C, Gibert MK, Saha S, Hudson K, Marcinkiewicz P, Kefas B, Guessous F, Abounader R. miR-3174 Is a New Tumor Suppressor MicroRNA That Inhibits Several Tumor-Promoting Genes in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9326. [PMID: 37298284 PMCID: PMC10253284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathology of glioblastoma (GBM), which is the most malignant and most common primary malignant brain tumor. miRNAs can target multiple genes simultaneously and are considered as potential therapeutic agents or targets. This study aimed to determine the role of miR-3174 in the pathobiology of GBM using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. This is the first study deciphering the role of miR-3174 in GBM. We studied the expression of miR-3174 and found it to be downregulated in a panel of GBM cell lines, GSCs and tissues relative to astrocytes and normal brain tissue. This finding led us to hypothesize that miR-3174 has a tumor-suppressive role in GBM. Exogenous expression of miR-3174 inhibited GBM cell growth and invasion, and hampered the neurosphere formation ability of GSCs. miR-3174 downregulated the expression of multiple tumor-promoting genes including CD44, MDM2, RHOA, PLAU and CDK6. Further, overexpression of miR-3174 reduced tumor volume in nude mice with intracranial xenografts. Immuno-histochemical study of brain sections with intracranial tumor xenografts revealed the pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative activity of miR-3174. In conclusion, we demonstrated that miR-3174 has a tumor-suppressive role in GBM and could be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farina Hanif
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, OJHA Campus, SUPARCO Road, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Collin Dube
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Myron K Gibert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Shekhar Saha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kadie Hudson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Pawel Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Benjamin Kefas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Fadila Guessous
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Roger Abounader
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- University of Virginia Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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14
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Mavatkar AD, Naidu CM, Prabhu JS, Nair MG. The dynamic tumor-stromal crosstalk: implications of 'stromal-hot' tumors in the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5379-5393. [PMID: 37046108 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer metastatic programming involves an intricate process by which the tumor cell coevolves with the surrounding extracellular niche. The supporting cells from the local host stroma get transformed into cancer-associated stromal cells. This complex crosstalk leads to extracellular matrix remodeling, invasion, and eventually distant metastasis. METHODS In this review, we examine the protein-miRNA secretome that is crucial for this crosstalk. We also provide evidence from the literature for the pivotal role played by the various stromal cells like fibroblasts, adipocytes, and immune cells in promoting the process of EMT in breast cancer. Through in-silico analysis, we have also attempted to establish that stromal presence is integral to the process of EMT. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The in-silico analysis delineates the persuasive role of the stroma in mediating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This review elucidates the importance of examining the role of the stromal niche that can yield promising diagnostic markers and pave avenues for formulating tailored anti-cancer therapy. Process of EMT as driven by 'stroma-hot' tumors: The process of EMT is driven by the stromal cells. The stromal cells in the form of fibroblasts, adipocytes, endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells and tissue associated macrophages secrete the miRNA-protein secretome that modulates the stromal niche and the tumor cells to be become 'tumor associated'. This drives tumor progression and invasion. The 'stromal-hot' tumors eventually get the benefit of the surplus nurturing from the stroma that facilitates EMT leading to distant organ seeding and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva D Mavatkar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrakala M Naidu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhumathy G Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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15
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Lee SH, Ng CX, Wong SR, Chong PP. MiRNAs Overexpression and Their Role in Breast Cancer: Implications for Cancer Therapeutics. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:484-508. [PMID: 36999414 DOI: 10.2174/1389450124666230329123409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have a plethora of roles in various biological processes in the cells and most human cancers have been shown to be associated with dysregulation of the expression of miRNA genes. MiRNA biogenesis involves two alternative pathways, the canonical pathway which requires the successful cooperation of various proteins forming the miRNA-inducing silencing complex (miRISC), and the non-canonical pathway, such as the mirtrons, simtrons, or agotrons pathway, which bypasses and deviates from specific steps in the canonical pathway. Mature miRNAs are secreted from cells and circulated in the body bound to argonaute 2 (AGO2) and miRISC or transported in vesicles. These miRNAs may regulate their downstream target genes via positive or negative regulation through different molecular mechanisms. This review focuses on the role and mechanisms of miRNAs in different stages of breast cancer progression, including breast cancer stem cell formation, breast cancer initiation, invasion, and metastasis as well as angiogenesis. The design, chemical modifications, and therapeutic applications of synthetic anti-sense miRNA oligonucleotides and RNA mimics are also discussed in detail. The strategies for systemic delivery and local targeted delivery of the antisense miRNAs encompass the use of polymeric and liposomal nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, as well as viral vectors and viruslike particles (VLPs). Although several miRNAs have been identified as good candidates for the design of antisense and other synthetic modified oligonucleotides in targeting breast cancer, further efforts are still needed to study the most optimal delivery method in order to drive the research beyond preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sau Har Lee
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chu Xin Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharon Rachel Wong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: Implications for programmed cell death. Cancer Lett 2022; 550:215929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Abulsoud AI, Sallam AAM, Eldeib MG, Elsakka EG, Zaki MB, Doghish AS. Beneficial and detrimental aspects of miRNAs as chief players in breast cancer: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1541-1565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Qiu S, Xie L, Lu C, Gu C, Xia Y, Lv J, Xuan Z, Fang L, Yang J, Zhang L, Li Z, Wang W, Xu H, Li B, Xu Z. Gastric cancer-derived exosomal miR-519a-3p promotes liver metastasis by inducing intrahepatic M2-like macrophage-mediated angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:296. [PMID: 36217165 PMCID: PMC9549645 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Liver metastasis (LM) is a major obstacle to the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients, but the molecular mechanism underlying gastric cancer liver metastasis (GC-LM) remains unknown. Exosomes have been identified as an important mediator of communication between tumor cells and the microenvironment. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effects of primary GC cells on the liver microenvironment and the role of exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRNA) in GC-LM. Methods Sequential differential centrifugation, transmission electron microscopy and NanoSight analysis were used to extract and characterize exosomes. MicroRNA sequencing in GC-derived exosomes and mRNA sequencing in PMA-treated THP-1 cells were used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in exosomes and the functional targets of exosomal miR-519a-3p (exo-miR-519a-3p) in macrophages, respectively. Tracing and internalization of exosomes and transfer of exo-miR-519a-3p were observed by immunofluorescence. Tubule formation assays, aortic ring assays, and exosome-educated GC-LM model were used to investigate the roles of GC-derived exosomes and exo-miR-519a-3p in angiogenesis and GC-LM. Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, ELISA, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to investigate the regulatory mechanism of exo-miR-519a-3p at GC-LM. Results The expression level of miR-519a-3p in serum exosomes was significantly higher in GC-LM patients than in patients without LM, and high expression of exo-miR-519a-3p indicates a worse prognosis. GC-derived exosomes are mainly accumulated in the liver and internalized by intrahepatic macrophages. Mechanistically, exo-miR-519a-3p activates the MAPK/ERK pathway by targeting DUSP2, thereby causing M2-like polarization of macrophages. M2-like polarized macrophages accelerate GC-LM by inducing angiogenesis and promoting intrahepatic premetastatic niche formation. Conclusions Our results indicate that exo-miR-519a-3p plays a critical role in mediating crosstalk between primary GC cells and intrahepatic macrophages and is a potential therapeutic target for GC-LM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02499-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengkui Qiu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China ,grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Li Xie
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Chen Lu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Chao Gu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yiwen Xia
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jialun Lv
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zhe Xuan
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Lang Fang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jing Yang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Lu Zhang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zheng Li
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Hao Xu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Bowen Li
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu Province China
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Nirgude S, Desai S, Choudhary B. Curcumin alters distinct molecular pathways in breast cancer subtypes revealed by integrated miRNA/mRNA expression analysis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 5:e1596. [PMID: 34981672 PMCID: PMC9575497 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin is well known for its anticancer properties. Its cytotoxic activity has been documented in several cancer cell lines, including breast cancer. The pleiotropic activity of curcumin as an antioxidant, an antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, and pro-apoptotic, is due to its diverse targets, such as signaling pathways, protein/enzyme, or noncoding gene. AIM This study aimed to identify key miRNAs and mRNAs induced by curcumin in breast cancer cells MCF7, T47D (hormone positive), versus MDA-MB231 (hormone negative) using comparative analysis of global gene expression profiles. METHODS RNA was isolated and subjected to mRNA and miRNA library sequencing to study the global gene expression profile of curcumin-treated breast cancer cells. The differential expression of gene and miRNA was performed using the DESeq R package. The enriched pathways were studied using cluster profileR, and integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis was carried out using miRtarvis and miRmapper tools. RESULTS Curcumin treatment led to upregulation of 59% TSGs in MCF7, 21% in MDA-MB-231 cells, and 36% TSGs in T47D, and downregulation of 57% oncogenes in MCF7, 76% in MDA-MB-231, and 91% in T47D. Similarly, curcumin treatment led to upregulation of 32% TSmiRs in MCF7, 37.5% in MDA-MB231, and 62.5% in T47D, and downregulation of 77% oncomiRs in MCF7, 50% in MDA-MB231 and 28.6% in T47D. Integrated analysis of miRNA-mRNA led to the identification of a common NFKB pathway altered by curcumin in all three cell lines. Analysis of uniquely enriched pathway revealed non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions and laminin interactions in MCF7; extracellular matrix organization and degradation in MDA-MB-231 and cell cycle arrest and G2/M transition in T47D. CONCLUSION Curcumin regulates miRNA and mRNA in a cell type-specific manner. The integrative analysis led to the detection of miRNAs and mRNAs pairs, which can be used as biomarkers associated with carcinogenesis, diagnostic, and treatment response in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Nirgude
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied BiotechnologyBangaloreIndia
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Sagar Desai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied BiotechnologyBangaloreIndia
- Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalIndia
| | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied BiotechnologyBangaloreIndia
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20
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Otmani K, Rouas R, Lewalle P. OncomiRs as noncoding RNAs having functions in cancer: Their role in immune suppression and clinical implications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:913951. [PMID: 36189271 PMCID: PMC9523483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.913951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, microRNAs have been established as central players in tumorigenesis, but above all, they have opened an important door for our understanding of immune and tumor cell communication. This dialog is largely due to onco-miR transfer from tumor cells to cells of the tumor microenvironment by exosome. This review outlines recent advances regarding the role of oncomiRs in enhancing cancer and how they modulate the cancer-related immune response in the tumor immune microenvironment.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of noncoding RNA that are important posttranscriptional regulators of messenger RNA (mRNA) translation into proteins. By regulating gene expression, miRNAs enhance or inhibit cancer development and participate in several cancer biological processes, including proliferation, invasion metastasis, angiogenesis, chemoresistance and immune escape. Consistent with their widespread effects, miRNAs have been categorized as oncogenes (oncomiRs) or tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs. MiRNAs that promote tumor growth, called oncomiRs, inhibit messenger RNAs of TS genes and are therefore overexpressed in cancer. In contrast, TS miRNAs inhibit oncogene messenger RNAs and are therefore underexpressed in cancer. Endogenous miRNAs regulate different cellular pathways in all cell types. Therefore, they are not only key modulators in cancer cells but also in the cells constituting their microenvironments. Recently, it was shown that miRNAs are also involved in intercellular communication. Indeed, miRNAs can be transferred from one cell type to another where they regulate targeted gene expression. The primary carriers for the transfer of miRNAs from one cell to another are exosomes. Exosomes are currently considered the primary carriers for communication between the tumor and its surrounding stromal cells to support cancer progression and drive immune suppression. Exosome and miRNAs are seen by many as a hope for developing a new class of targeted therapy. This review outlines recent advances in understanding the role of oncomiRs in enhancing cancer and how they promote its aggressive characteristics and deeply discusses the role of oncomiRs in suppressing the anticancer immune response in its microenvironment. Additionally, further understanding the mechanism of oncomiR-related immune suppression will facilitate the use of miRNAs as biomarkers for impaired antitumor immune function, making them ideal immunotherapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Otmani
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematology Department, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Khalid Otmani,
| | - Redouane Rouas
- Hematology Department, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematological Cell Therapy Unit, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lewalle
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematology Department, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Hematological Cell Therapy Unit, Hematology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
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Alghazali MW, Al-Hetty HRAK, Ali ZMM, Saleh MM, Suleiman AA, Jalil AT. Non-coding RNAs, another side of immune regulation during triple-negative breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 239:154132. [PMID: 36183439 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered about 12-24 % of all breast cancer cases. Patients experience poor overall survival, high recurrence rate, and distant metastasis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Numerous studies have highlighted the crucial roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in carcinogenesis and proliferation, migration, and metastasis of tumor cells in TNBC. Recent research has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the regulation of the immune system by affecting the tumor microenvironment, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the regulation of dendritic cells and myeloid-derived stem cells, and T and B cell activation and differentiation. Immune-related miRNAs and lncRNAs, which have been established as predictive markers for various cancers, are strongly linked to immune cell infiltration and could be a viable therapeutic target for TNBC. In the current review, we discuss the recent updates of ncRNAs, including miRNAs and lncRNAs in TNBC, including their biogenesis, target genes, and biological function of their targets, which are mostly involved in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zahraa Muhsen M Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Rafidain University College, Iraq
| | - Marwan Mahmood Saleh
- Department of Biophysics, College of Applied Sciences, University of Anbar, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq.
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22
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Xu C, He T, Shao X, Gao L, Cao L. m6A-related lncRNAs are potential biomarkers for the prognosis of COAD patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920023. [PMID: 36119534 PMCID: PMC9472555 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is the most common subtype of colon cancer. However, the 5-year survival rate of COAD patients remains unsatisfactory. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in the occurrence and development of COAD. Herein, we are committed to establish and validate a prognostic m6A-related lncRNA signature. Methods We obtained m6A-related lncRNAs by coexpression. The m6A-related lncRNA risk signature (m6ALncSig) was developed via univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and nomogram generation were conducted to assess m6ALncSig. In addition, the potential immunotherapeutic signatures were also discussed. Real-time PCR and CCK8 analysis were performed to evaluate the expression and functions of lncRNA UBA6-AS1, which was selected. Results The risk signature comprising 14 m6A-related lncRNAs (m6ALncSig) was established, which possessed a superior predictive ability of prognosis. Meanwhile, m6ALncSig was linked to immune cell infiltration. The level of UBA6-AS1 expression was validated in 17 pairs of COAD samples. In cell function experiments, UBA6-AS1 knockdown attenuated cell proliferation capacity. Conclusions Collectively, m6ALncSig could serve as an independent predictive factor for COAD and accurately estimate the outcome for COAD patients. Importantly, UBA6-AS1 was first identified as an oncogene in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingting He
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Gao, ; Lei Cao,
| | - Lei Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Gao, ; Lei Cao,
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23
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Karami Fath M, Azargoonjahromi A, Kiani A, Jalalifar F, Osati P, Akbari Oryani M, Shakeri F, Nasirzadeh F, Khalesi B, Nabi-Afjadi M, Zalpoor H, Mard-Soltani M, Payandeh Z. The role of epigenetic modifications in drug resistance and treatment of breast cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:52. [PMID: 35764927 PMCID: PMC9238060 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is defined as a biological and molecular heterogeneous disorder that originates from breast cells. Genetic predisposition is the most important factor giving rise to this malignancy. The most notable mutations in breast cancer occur in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Owing to disease heterogeneity, lack of therapeutic target, anti-cancer drug resistance, residual disease, and recurrence, researchers are faced with challenges in developing strategies to treat patients with breast cancer. Results It has recently been reported that epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation and histone modification, as well as microRNAs (miRNAs), have potently contributed to the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer. These observations have persuaded researchers to move their therapeutic approaches beyond the genetic framework toward the epigenetic concept. Conclusion Herein we discuss the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying breast cancer progression and resistance as well as various aspects of epigenetic-based therapies as monotherapy and combined with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arash Kiani
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Fateme Jalalifar
- School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Parisa Osati
- Chemical Engineering Department, Fouman Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Fouman, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fateh Shakeri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Nasirzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maysam Mard-Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Examples of Inverse Comorbidity between Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Possible Role for Noncoding RNA. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121930. [PMID: 35741059 PMCID: PMC9221903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death; in parallel, the incidence and prevalence of central nervous system diseases are equally high. Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s dementia is the most common, while Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. There is a significant amount of evidence on the complex biological connection between cancer and neurodegeneration. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are defined as transcribed nucleotides that perform a variety of regulatory functions. The mechanisms by which ncRNAs exert their functions are numerous and involve every aspect of cellular life. The same ncRNA can act in multiple ways, leading to different outcomes; in fact, a single ncRNA can participate in the pathogenesis of more than one disease—even if these seem very different, as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders are. The ncRNA activates specific pathways leading to one or the other clinical phenotype, sometimes with obvious mechanisms of inverse comorbidity. We aimed to collect from the existing literature examples of inverse comorbidity in which ncRNAs seem to play a key role. We also investigated the example of mir-519a-3p, and one of its target genes Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, for the inverse comorbidity mechanism between some cancers and PD. We believe it is very important to study the inverse comorbidity relationship between cancer and neurodegenerative diseases because it will help us to better assess these two major areas of human disease.
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25
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Zhuang Z, Zhang L, Liu C. SNHG14 Upregulation Was a Molecular Mechanism Underlying MPP + Neurotoxicity in Dopaminergic SK-N-SH Cells via SNHG14-miR-519a-3p-ATG10 ceRNA Pathway. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:553-563. [PMID: 35349097 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA small nuclear RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) is a novel contributor of dopaminergic neuronal injury in Parkinson's disease. We further explored its role in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-damaged dopaminergic neurons (DAn) and the possible mechanism involving SNHG14, microRNA (miR)-519a-3p, and autophagy-related 10 (ATG10). MPP+ cytotoxicity was measured by MTS cell viability assay, flow cytometry, and a series of assay kits for detecting apoptosis and oxidative stress. Molecule expression was examined by qPCR and Western blotting, and RNA interaction was predicted by starBase2.0 of ENCORI platform and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. SNHG14 and ATG10 expression was increased, and miR-519a-3p was decreased in MPP+-treated SK-N-SH cells, and SNHG14 knockdown alleviated MPP+-induced SK-N-SH cell damage by regulating cell viability, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Additionally, antisense RNA of miR-519a-3p abated the suppressive role of SNHG14 knockdown, and ectopic expression of ATG10 counteracted the protective role of miR-519a-3p against MPP+ neurotoxicity. Mechanistically, SNHG14 and ATG10 were competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) for miR-519a-3p, and ATG10 expression could be positively modulated by SNHG14 via sponging miR-519a-3p. Target silencing SNHG14 and restoring miR-519a-3p could prevent DAn from MPP+ toxicity via regulation of ATG10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Zhuang
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional CM, No. 19, Renmin RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou City, 450099, China.
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University Oncology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chongchong Liu
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional CM, No. 19, Renmin RoadHenan Province, Zhengzhou City, 450099, China
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26
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Wang G, Yu Y, Wang Y. Effects of propofol on neuroblastoma cells via the HOTAIRM1/miR-519a-3p axis. Transl Neurosci 2022; 13:57-69. [PMID: 35350655 PMCID: PMC8919833 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Propofol, an intravenous sedative-hypnotic agent, is demonstrated to have antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the functional roles of propofol in neuroblastoma cells. Methods The proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol-3-ium bromide (MTT), EdU, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The protein expression level was quantified by western blot assay. Inflammation and oxidative stress were determined by measuring the release of inflammatory factors, along with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to assess the expression levels of HOXA transcript antisense RNA, myeloid-specific 1 (HOTAIRM1), and miR-519a-3p in cells. The interaction relationship between HOTAIRM1 and miR-519a-3p was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays. Results Treatment with MPP+ has been observed to induce apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in neuroblastoma cells, which were abolished by propofol or silencing of HOTAIRM1. Importantly, the increase of HOTAIRM1 and the decrease of miR-519a-3p caused by MPP+ were reversed by propofol in neuroblastoma cells. In addition, miR-519a-3p was a target of HOTAIRM1, and inhibition of miR-519a-3p abolished HOTAIRM1 silencing-induced effects on neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, functional experiments revealed that propofol might weaken MPP+-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation by regulating the HOTAIRM1/miR-519a-3p axis. Conclusion Propofol inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation in MPP+-induced neuroblastoma cells by targeting the HOTAIRM1/miR-519a-3p axis, implying the potential protective function of propofol against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University , No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District , Dalian , Liaoning , China
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University , No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District , Dalian , Liaoning , China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University , No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District , Dalian , Liaoning , China
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27
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The antitumor effect of natural killer cells against hepatocellular carcinoma through CXCL9. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Lin HJ, Liu Y, Lofland D, Lin J. Breast Cancer Tumor Microenvironment and Molecular Aberrations Hijack Tumoricidal Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020285. [PMID: 35053449 PMCID: PMC8774102 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immune therapy is designed to stimulate tumoricidal effects in a variety of solid tumors including breast carcinomas. However, the emergence of resistant clones leads to treatment failure. Understanding the molecular, cellular, and microenvironmental aberrations is crucial to uncovering underlying mechanisms and developing advanced strategies for preventing or combating these resistant malignancies. This review will summarize research findings revealing various mechanisms employed to hijack innate and adaptive immune surveillance mechanisms, develop hypoxic and tumor promoting metabolism, and foster an immune tolerance microenvironment. In addition, it will highlight potential targets for therapeutic approaches. Abstract Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females in western countries, where women have an overall lifetime risk of >10% for developing invasive breast carcinomas. It is not a single disease but is composed of distinct subtypes associated with different clinical outcomes and is highly heterogeneous in both the molecular and clinical aspects. Although tumor initiation is largely driven by acquired genetic alterations, recent data suggest microenvironment-mediated immune evasion may play an important role in neoplastic progression. Beyond surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy, additional therapeutic options include hormonal deactivation, targeted-signaling pathway treatment, DNA repair inhibition, and aberrant epigenetic reversion. Yet, the fatality rate of metastatic breast cancer remains unacceptably high, largely due to treatment resistance and metastases to brain, lung, or bone marrow where tumor bed penetration of therapeutic agents is limited. Recent studies indicate the development of immune-oncological therapy could potentially eradicate this devastating malignancy. Evidence suggests tumors express immunogenic neoantigens but the immunity towards these antigens is frequently muted. Established tumors exhibit immunological tolerance. This tolerance reflects a process of immune suppression elicited by the tumor, and it represents a critical obstacle towards successful antitumor immunotherapy. In general, immune evasive mechanisms adapted by breast cancer encompasses down-regulation of antigen presentations or recognition, lack of immune effector cells, obstruction of anti-tumor immune cell maturation, accumulation of immunosuppressive cells, production of inhibitory cytokines, chemokines or ligands/receptors, and up-regulation of immune checkpoint modulators. Together with altered metabolism and hypoxic conditions, they constitute a permissive tumor microenvironment. This article intends to discern representative incidents and to provide potential innovative therapeutic regimens to reinstate tumoricidal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Jen Lin
- Department of Medical & Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Willard Hall Education Building, 16 West Main Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-302-831-7576; Fax: +1-302-831-4180
| | - Yingguang Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Liberty University, 306 Liberty View Lane, Lynchburg, VA 24502, USA;
| | - Denene Lofland
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tower Campus, Drexel University College of Medicine, 50 Innovation Way, Wyomissing, PA 19610, USA;
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
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29
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Wen N. Regulatory Mechanism of Neurotrophin Receptor-Interacting Melanoma Antigen Coding Gene Homolog (NRAGE) Gene Methylation on Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cell Under Tyrosine Kinases/Methyl Ethyl Ketone/Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases Signaling Pathway. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to discover the influence of Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE homolog (NRAGE) gene methylation on proliferation (Pro) and apoptosis (Apo) of breast cancer cell (BCC), and its influence on TrkA/MEK/ERK signaling. BCC lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and normal
mammary gland cell (MGC) MCF-10 were selected. Expression of NRAGE mRNA and methylation level in cells was analyzed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and methylation-specific PCR. Different concentrations (0, 5, 10 mol/L) of DNA methylase inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine
(5-Aza-CdR) were adopted to treat the BCC cell line. With dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment as control, cell count, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot were adopted to detect the Pro, Apo, relative expression (REP) of
Apo-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and target proteins TrkA, MEK, and ERK1/2 after different treatments. The results showed that NRAGE mRNA level in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 was notably reduced versus MCF-10 (P < 0.05), and they could express methylated NRAGE specifically. 5-Aza-CdR can
increase unmethylated NRAGE’s expression in BCC. Cell Pro level of the 5 and 10 mol/L treatments was greatly inhibited than DMSO and 0 mol/L treatments (P < 0.05). Apo rate and Apo-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax increased obviously (P < 0.05). In addition, the phosphorylation
levels of TrkA in the 5 and 10 mol/L treatments were considerably reduced (P < 0.05), while that in MEK and ERK1/2 was remarkably increased (P < 0.05). In short, NRAGE methylation can inhibit BCC’s Pro and regulate BCC’s Pro and Apo through TrkA/MEK/ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxiao Wen
- Department of Laboratory and Pathology, Armed Police Jiangxi Provincial Corps. Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, China
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Cai L, Lai D, Gao J, Wu H, Shi B, Ji H, Tou J. The role and mechanisms of miRNA in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1053965. [PMID: 36518784 PMCID: PMC9742607 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1053965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the most significant causes of neonatal mortality, is a disease of acute intestinal inflammation. At present, it is not clear exactly how the disease is caused, but it has been suggested that this disorder is a result of a complex interaction among prematurity, enteral feeding and inappropriate pro-inflammation response and bacterial infection of the intestine. A microRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA that is about 23 nucleotides long engaging in the regulation of the gene expression. Recently, numerous studies have determined that abnormal miRNA expression plays important roles in various diseases, including NEC. Here, we summarized the role of miRNAs in NEC. We introduce the biosynthetic and function of miRNAs and then describe the possible mechanisms of miRNAs in the initiation and development of NEC, including their influence on the intestinal epithelial barrier's function and regulation of the inflammatory process. Finally, this review aids in a comprehensive understanding of the current miRNA to accurately predict the diagnosis of NEC and provide ideas to find potential therapeutic targets of miRNA for NEC. In conclusion, our aims are to highlight the close relationship between miRNAs and NEC and to summarize the practical value of developing diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Cai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengming Lai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafang Gao
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haosen Ji
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfa Tou
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Wang S, Wen Q, Xiong B, Zhang L, Yu X, Ouyang X. Long Noncoding RNA NEAT1 Knockdown Ameliorates 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridine-Induced Cell Injury Through MicroRNA-519a-3p/SP1 Axis in Parkinson Disease. World Neurosurg 2021; 156:e93-e103. [PMID: 34508910 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.08.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson disease is a neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by resting tremor, dementia, and gait disorder. Previous studies have indicated that long noncoding RNA participates in the regulation of the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease. The study aimed to reveal the effects of long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+)-induced human neuroblastoma cell injury and the underlying mechanism. METHODS The expressions of NEAT1, microRNA (miR)-519a-3p, and transcription factor specific protein 1 (SP1) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein expressions of SP1 and inflammation-related factors were determined by Western blot. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry analysis. The targeting relationship between miR-519a-3p and NEAT1 or SP1 was predicted by starBase online database and verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS NEAT1 and SP1 expressions were significantly upregulated, whereas miR-519a-3p was downregulated in MPP+-treated neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner when compared with control groups. NEAT1 knockdown restrained MPP+-induced repression of cell viability and promotion of cell apoptosis and inflammation. Additionally, NEAT1 served as a sponge of miR-519a-3p and regulated MPP+-caused cell injury by interacting with miR-519a-3p. Also, SP1, a target gene of miR-519a-3p, rescued miR-519a-3p-mediated actions under MPP+ treatment. Importantly, NEAT1 stimulated SP1 expression through interaction with miR-519a-3p. CONCLUSIONS NEAT1 silencing protected against MPP+-induced neuroblastoma cell injury by regulating the miR-519a-3p/SP1 pathway. This finding provides a novel direction for the development of therapeutic strategies for Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, 908 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Nanchang, China
| | - Qinli Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Bohai Xiong
- Department of Neurology, 908 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, 908 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Neurology, 908 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Nanchang, China.
| | - Xiaochun Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, 908 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Nanchang, China
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Lee EHC, Wong DCP, Ding JL. NK Cells in a Tug-of-War With Cancer: The Roles of Transcription Factors and Cytoskeleton. Front Immunol 2021; 12:734551. [PMID: 34594338 PMCID: PMC8476995 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells which play a key role in shaping the immune response against cancer. Initially hailed for their potential to recognise and eliminate tumour cells, their application has been greatly hindered by the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) which suppresses NK functions (e.g., cytotoxicity). This dysfunctional state that is accompanied by phenotypic changes such as upregulation of inhibitory receptors and downregulation of activating receptors, forms the basis of what many researchers have referred to as ‘exhausted’ NK cells. However, there is no consensus on whether these phenotypes are sufficient to define an exhausted state of the NK cell. While recent advances in checkpoint inhibition appear to show promise in early-stage pre-clinical studies, much remains to be fully explored and understood in the context of the TME. The TME is where the NK cells are subjected to interaction with various cell types and soluble factors, which could exert an inhibitory effect on NK cytotoxicity. In this review, we provide an overview of the general markers of NK cell exhaustion viz, the surface activating and inhibitory receptors. We also highlight the potential role of T-box transcription factors in characterising such a dysfunctional state and discuss the often-overlooked mechanism of cell cytoskeletal dynamics in regulating NK cell function. These aspects may further contribute to NK exhaustion or NK revival in cancer and may open new avenues to explore cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hui Clarissa Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darren Chen Pei Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeak Ling Ding
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Xu L, Zhao Q, Li D, Luo J, Ma W, Jin Y, Li C, Chen J, Zhao K, Zheng Y, Yu D. MicroRNA-760 resists ambient PM 2.5-induced apoptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells through elevating heme-oxygenase 1 expression. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117213. [PMID: 33933780 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 (particles matter smaller aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm) exposure, a major environmental risk factor for the global burden of diseases, is associated with high risks of respiratory diseases. Heme-oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) is one of the major molecular antioxidant defenses to mediate cytoprotective effects against diverse stressors, including PM2.5-induced toxicity; however, the regulatory mechanism of HMOX1 expression still needs to be elucidated. In this study, using PM2.5 as a typical stressor, we explored whether microRNAs (miRNAs) might modulate HMOX1 expression in lung cells. Systematic bioinformatics analysis showed that seven miRNAs have the potentials to target HMOX1 gene. Among these, hsa-miR-760 was identified as the most responsive miRNA to PM2.5 exposure. More importantly, we revealed a "non-conventional" miRNA function in hsa-miR-760 upregulating HMOX1 expression, by targeting the coding region and interacting with YBX1 protein. In addition, we observed that exogenous hsa-miR-760 effectively elevated HMOX1 expression, reduced the reactive oxygen agents (ROS) levels, and rescued the lung cells from PM2.5-induced apoptosis. Our results revealed that hsa-miR-760 might play an important role in protecting lung cells against PM2.5-induced toxicity, by elevating HMOX1 expression, and offered new clues to elucidate the diverse functions of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianwen Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanli Ma
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanhai Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kunming Zhao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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34
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Larson-Casey JL, Gu L, Davis D, Cai GQ, Ding Q, He C, Carter AB. Post-translational regulation of PGC-1α modulates fibrotic repair. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21675. [PMID: 34038004 PMCID: PMC8252570 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100339r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) are important for cell homeostasis by regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Here, we show that IPF BAL cells exhibited increased mitochondrial biogenesis that is, in part, due to increased nuclear expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-ɣ (PPARɣ) coactivator (PGC)-1α. Increased PPARGC1A mRNA expression directly correlated with reduced pulmonary function in IPF subjects. Oxidant-mediated activation of the p38 MAPK via Akt1 regulated PGC-1α activation to increase mitochondrial biogenesis in monocyte-derived macrophages. Demonstrating the importance of PGC-1α in fibrotic repair, mice harboring a conditional deletion of Ppargc1a in monocyte-derived macrophages or mice administered a chemical inhibitor of mitochondrial division had reduced biogenesis and increased apoptosis, and the mice were protected from pulmonary fibrosis. These observations suggest that Akt1-mediated regulation of PGC-1α maintains mitochondrial homeostasis in monocyte-derived macrophages to induce apoptosis resistance, which contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Larson-Casey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Linlin Gu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dana Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Guo-Qiang Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chao He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - A Brent Carter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
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35
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Pourmohammad P, Maroufi NF, Rashidi M, Vahedian V, Pouremamali F, Faridvand Y, Ghaffari-Novin M, Isazadeh A, Hajazimian S, Nejabati HR, Nouri M. Potential Therapeutic Effects of Melatonin Mediate via miRNAs in Cancer. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:1-23. [PMID: 34181134 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are evolutionarily conserved non-coding ribonucleic acids with a length of between 19 and 25 nucleotides. Because of their ability to regulate gene expression, miRNAs have an important function in the controlling of various biological processes, such as cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Owing to the long-standing regulative potential of miRNAs in tumor-suppressive pathways, scholars have recently paid closer attention to the expression profile of miRNAs in various types of cancer. Melatonin, an indolic compound secreted from pineal gland and some peripheral tissues, has been considered as an effective anti-tumor hormone in a wide spectrum of cancers. Furthermore, it induces apoptosis, inhibits tumor metastasis and invasion, and also angiogenesis. A growing body of evidence indicates the effects of melatonin on miRNAs expression in broad spectrum of diseases, including cancer. Due to the long-term effects of the regulation of miRNAs expression, melatonin could be a promising therapeutic factor in the treatment of cancers via the regulation of miRNAs. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the effects of melatonin on miRNAs expression in various types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirouz Pourmohammad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Nazila Fathi Maroufi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Vahid Vahedian
- Researchers Club of Tums Preclinical Core Facility (TPCF), Tehran University of Medical Science (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Sari, Iran
| | - Farhad Pouremamali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Faridvand
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ghaffari-Novin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Hajazimian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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36
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Xing Y, Ruan G, Ni H, Qin H, Chen S, Gu X, Shang J, Zhou Y, Tao X, Zheng L. Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Its Related miRNAs in Tumor Progression. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624725. [PMID: 34084160 PMCID: PMC8167795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNA is a type of small non-coding RNA, by regulating downstream gene expression that affects the progression of multiple diseases, especially cancer. MiRNA can participate in the biological processes of tumor, including proliferation, invasion and escape, and exhibit tumor enhancement or inhibition. The tumor immune microenvironment contains numerous immune cells. These cells include lymphocytes with tumor suppressor effects such as CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, as well as some tumor-promoting cells with immunosuppressive functions, such as regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. MiRNA can affect the tumor immune microenvironment by regulating the function of immune cells, which in turn modulates the progression of tumor cells. Investigating the role of miRNA in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment will help elucidate the specific mechanisms of interaction between immune cells and tumor cells, and may facilitate the use of miRNA as a predictor of immune disorders in tumor progression. This review summarizes the multifarious roles of miRNA in tumor progression through regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment, and provides guidance for the development of miRNA drugs to treat tumors and for the use of miRNA as an auxiliary means in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojing Ruan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiwei Ni
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Qin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Simiao Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiamin Shang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yantong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Tao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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37
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Chang H, Zhang X, Li B, Meng X. PARP1 Is Targeted by miR-519a-3p and Promotes the Migration, Invasion, and Tube Formation of Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021; 37:824-836. [PMID: 34009012 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) has been discovered to be implicated in ovarian cancer (OC), but its interaction with microRNA (miR)-519a-3p remained poorly understood. This study aimed to uncover their roles and interactions in OC. Materials and Methods: Clinical tissue from OC patients and adjacent normal tissue were collected, and the survival rates of OC patients with high or low PARP1 expression were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve. After transfection, OC cell viability, migration, and tube formation were detected with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, scratch assay, and tube formation assay, respectively. Target gene of miR-519a-3p and potential binding sites between them were predicted with TargetScan and confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Relative expressions of miR-519a-3p, PARP1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, SNAIL, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and p53 were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot as needed. Results: PARP1 expression was upregulated in OC, which was related to poor prognosis of OC patients. Silencing PARP1 decreased PARP1 expression and suppressed viability, migration, invasion, and tube formation in OC cells, while overexpressed PARP1 did the opposite. PARP1 was the target gene of miR-519a-3p, and it reversed the effects of miR-519a-3p on the migration, invasion, and tube formation of OC cells by upregulating the expressions of PAR, PARP1, N-cadherin, SNAIL, and VEGF and downregulating those of E-cadherin and p53. Conclusion: PARP1, a target gene of miR-519a-3p, promoted the migration, invasion, and tube formation of OC cells, providing a possible therapeutic target for treatment of OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baixue Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangkai Meng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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38
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Zhuang W, Liu J, Li W. hsa-miR-33-5p as a Therapeutic Target Promotes Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells via Selenoprotein T. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:651473. [PMID: 33987194 PMCID: PMC8110722 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.651473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Increasing evidence suggests that microRNA (miRNA) participates in regulating tumor cell apoptosis. We aimed to observe the effect of hsa-miR-33-5p on the apoptosis of breast cancer cells and to explore its regulatory relationship with selenoprotein T (SelT). Methods: RT-qPCR was used to examine the expression of hsa-miR-33-5p and SelT both in breast cancer tissues and cells. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with hsa-miR-33-5p mimics or si-SelT. Then, a flow cytometry assay was carried out to examine the apoptosis of cells. Furthermore, SelT and apoptosis-related proteins including caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax, and Bcl-2 were detected via RT-qPCR and western blot. A luciferase reporter assay was utilized for assessing whether SelT was targeted by hsa-miR-33-5p. Results: Downregulated hsa-miR-33-5p was found both in breast cancer tissues and cells. After its overexpression, MCF-7 cell apoptosis was significantly promoted. Furthermore, our data showed that miR-33-5p elevated apoptosis-related protein expression in MCF-7 cells. Contrary to hsa-miR-33-5p, SelT was upregulated both in breast cancer tissues and cells. SelT expression was significantly inhibited by hsa-miR-33-5p overexpression. The luciferase reporter assay confirmed that SelT was a direct target of hsa-miR-33-5p. SelT overexpression could ameliorate the increase in apoptosis induced by hsa-miR-33-5p mimics. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that hsa-miR-33-5p, as a potential therapeutic target, could accelerate breast cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- Department of Laboratory, Jinan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Wenjin Li
- Department of Breast, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, China
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39
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Role of p53-miRNAs circuitry in immune surveillance and cancer development: A potential avenue for therapeutic intervention. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:15-25. [PMID: 33875349 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The genome's guardian, p53, is a master regulatory transcription factor that occupies sequence-specific response elements in many genes and modulates their expression. The target genes transcribe both coding RNA and non-coding RNA involved in regulating several biological processes such as cell division, differentiation, and cell death. Besides, p53 also regulates tumor immunology via regulating the molecules related to the immune response either directly or via regulating other molecules, including microRNAs (miRNAs). At the post-transcriptional level, the regulations of genes by miRNAs have been an emerging mechanism. Interestingly, p53 and various miRNAs cross-talk at different regulation levels. The cross-talk between p53 and miRNAs creates loops, turns, and networks that can influence cell metabolism, cell fate, cellular homeostasis, and tumor formation. Further, p53-miRNAs circuit has also been insinuated in the regulation of immune surveillance machinery. There are several examples of p53-miRNAs circuitry where p53 regulates immunomodulatory miRNA expression, such as miR-34a and miR-17-92. Similarly, a reverse process occurs in which miRNAs such as miR-125b and miR-let-7 regulate the expression of p53. Thus, the p53-miRNAs circuitry connects the immunomodulatory pathways and may shift the pro-inflammatory balance towards the pro-tumorigenic condition. In this review, we discuss the influence of p53-miRNAs circuitry in modulating the immune response in cancer development. We assume that thorough studies on the p53-miRNAs circuitry in various cancers may prove useful in developing effective new cancer therapeutics for successfully combating this disease.
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40
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Nair MG, Somashekaraiah VM, Ramamurthy V, Prabhu JS, Sridhar TS. miRNAs: Critical mediators of breast cancer metastatic programming. Exp Cell Res 2021; 401:112518. [PMID: 33607102 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA mediated aberrant gene regulation has been implicated in several diseases including cancer. Recent research has highlighted the role of epigenetic modulation of the complex process of breast cancer metastasis by miRNAs. miRNAs play a crucial role in the process of metastatic evolution by facilitating alterations in the phenotype of tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment that promote this process. They act as critical determinants of the multi-step progression starting from carcinogenesis all the way to organotropism. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of the compelling role of miRNAs in breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumathy G Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
| | | | - Vishakha Ramamurthy
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Jyothi S Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - T S Sridhar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India
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41
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Meng J, Zhang C, Zhao T, Shi G, Zhao J, Lin Z. MicroRNA-210 targets FBXO31 to inhibit tumor progression and regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and EMT in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:932-940. [PMID: 33538099 PMCID: PMC7952796 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from previous studies showed that the dysregulation of microRNA (miR) is frequently associated with tumor progression. The aberrant miR‐210 expression has been identified in a variety of tumors. However, its biological roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still need further elucidation. Thus, in the current study we explore the roles of miR‐210 in ESCC progression. The findings of our study reveal that miR‐210 is down‐regulated in ESCC, which indicates poor prognosis and aggressive tumor progression. Moreover, miR‐210 restoration was found to enhance ESCC viability, invasion, and migration abilities. F‐Box only protein 31 (FBXO31) was confirmed to be one of the targets of miR‐210 in ESCC cells. Results also revealed that miR‐210 played crucial roles in regulating ESCC cell epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. In conclusion, data show that miR‐210 serves as an anti‐ESCC miR via down‐regulation of FBXO31 and regulation of EMT and Wnt signaling, suggesting that the miR‐210/FBXO31 axis may function as promising therapeutic targets and effective prognostic markers for ESCC patients. miR‐210 serves as an anti‐ESCC miR via down‐regulation of FBXO31 and regulation of EMT and Wnt signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rizhao Hospital of TCM, Rizhao, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rizhao Hospital of TCM, Rizhao, China
| | - Tongquan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Guangwen Shi
- Health Management Center, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoxia Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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42
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Marcucci F, Rumio C. The tumor-promoting effects of the adaptive immune system: a cause of hyperprogressive disease in cancer? Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:853-865. [PMID: 32940721 PMCID: PMC11072297 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03606-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive antitumor immune responses, either cellular or humoral, aim at eliminating tumor cells expressing the cognate antigens. There are some instances, however, where these same immune responses have tumor-promoting effects. These effects can lead to the expansion of antigen-negative tumor cells, tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth, metastatic dissemination, resistance to antitumor therapy and apoptotic stimuli, acquisition of tumor-initiating potential and activation of various forms of survival mechanisms. We describe the basic mechanisms that underlie tumor-promoting adaptive immune responses and try to identify the variables that induce the switching of a tumor-inhibitory, cellular or humoral immune response, into a tumor-promoting one. We suggest that tumor-promoting adaptive immune responses may be at the origin of at least a fraction of hyperprogressive diseases (HPD) that are observed in cancer patients during therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and, less frequently, with single-agent chemotherapy. We also propose the use of non-invasive biomarkers allowing to predict which patients may undergo HPD during ICI and other forms of antitumor therapy. Eventually, we suggest possibilities of therapeutic intervention allowing to inhibit tumor-promoting adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Marcucci
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, via Trentacoste 2, Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Rumio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, via Trentacoste 2, Milan, Italy
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43
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GPER1 and microRNA: Two Players in Breast Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010098. [PMID: 33374170 PMCID: PMC7795792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. However, the molecular pathogenesis of breast cancer remains poorly defined due to its heterogeneity. Several studies have reported that G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER1) plays a crucial role in breast cancer progression, by binding to estrogens or synthetic agonists, like G-1, thus modulating genes involved in diverse biological events, such as cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and metastasis. In addition, it has been established that the dysregulation of short sequences of non-coding RNA, named microRNAs (miRNAs), is involved in various pathophysiological conditions, including breast cancer. Recent evidence has indicated that estrogens may regulate miRNA expression and therefore modulate the levels of their target genes, not only through the classical estrogen receptors (ERs), but also activating GPER1 signalling, hence suggesting an alternative molecular pathway involved in breast tumor progression. Here, the current knowledge about GPER1 and miRNA action in breast cancer is recapitulated, reporting recent evidence on the liaison of these two players in triggering breast tumorogenic effects. Elucidating the role of GPER1 and miRNAs in breast cancer might provide new tools for innovative approaches in anti-cancer therapy.
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44
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Arianfar E, Shahgordi S, Memarian A. Natural Killer Cell Defects in Breast Cancer: A Key Pathway for Tumor Evasion. Int Rev Immunol 2020; 40:197-216. [PMID: 33258393 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1845670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As the most important innate immune component cancers invader, natural killer (NK) cells have a magnificent role in antitumor immunity without any prior sensitization. Different subsets of NK cells have distinct responses during tumor cell exposure, according to their phenotypes and environments. Their function is induced mainly by the activity of both inhibitory and activating receptors against cancerous cells. Since the immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer patients has directly deteriorated the phenotype and disturbed the function of NK cells, recruiting compensatory mechanisms indicate promising outcomes for immunotherapeutic approaches. These evidences accentuate the importance of NK cell distinct features in protection against breast tumors. In this review, we discuss the several mechanisms involved in NK cells suppression which consequently promote tumor progression and disease recurrence in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Arianfar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sanaz Shahgordi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Memarian
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Immunology department, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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45
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Zhou H, Yan Y, Zhang X, Zhao T, Xu J, Han R. Ginseng polysaccharide inhibits MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation by activating the inflammatory response. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:229. [PMID: 33149784 PMCID: PMC7604739 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginseng polysaccharide (GPS) is known for its efficacy in cancer therapy; however, its regulatory mechanism in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. To analyze the effect of GPS on BC cell proliferation, cell proliferation rate calculations, western blotting, plasmid transfections, electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed. GPS treatment in the culture cell medium inhibited cell proliferation in the BC cell line MDA-MB-231. In addition, the E-cadherin level was enhanced while the vimentin level was suppressed following GPS treatment (both P<0.05). Furthermore, the levels of apoptotic markers, including cleaved-Caspase-3 and p53, and inflammatory response markers, including plasminogen activator inhibitor and TNF-α, were induced by GPS treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells (all P<0.05). These results indicated that GPS supplementation activated the inflammatory response and apoptosis in BC cells. GPS treatment activated the phosphorylation levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, Akt and NF-κB. In MDA-MB-231 cells, GPS resulted in the accumulation of the NF-κB components p65, p50 and Ikaros family zing finger protein 1 (IKZF1; all, P<0.05). Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that p65 bound to the IKZF1 promoter. The overexpression of IKZF1 or p65 inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation (P<0.05), indicating that GPS treatment may inhibit BC cell proliferation by the activation of IKZF1. Taken together, these results suggested that GPS significantly inhibited BC cell proliferation via the control of the biological processes, including the activation of p65-IKZF1 signaling and apoptosis. The data indicated a novel mechanism for further understanding of cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoliang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Yan
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xianbo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jiangang Xu
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Ruokuo Han
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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46
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Lu H, Ma Y, Wang M, Shen J, Wu H, Li J, Gao N, Gu Y, Zhang X, Zhang G, Shi T, Chen W. B7-H3 confers resistance to Vγ9Vδ2 T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in human colon cancer cells via the STAT3/ULBP2 axis. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:1213-1226. [PMID: 33119798 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02771-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy based on γδT cells has limited efficiency in solid tumors, including colon cancer (CC). The immune evasion of tumor cells may be the main cause of the difficulties of γδT cell-based treatment. In the present study, we explored whether and how B7-H3 regulates the resistance of CC cells to the cytotoxicity of Vγ9Vδ2 (Vδ2) T cells. We observed that B7-H3 overexpression promoted, while B7-H3 knockdown inhibited, CC cell resistance to the killing effect of Vδ2 T cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we showed that B7-H3-mediated CC cell resistance to the cytotoxicity of Vδ2 T cells involved a molecular pathway comprising STAT3 activation and decreased ULBP2 expression. ULBP2 blockade or knockdown abolished the B7-H3 silencing-induced increase in the cytotoxicity of Vδ2 T cells to CC cells. Furthermore, cryptotanshinone, a STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor, reversed the B7-H3 overexpression-induced decrease in ULBP2 expression and attenuated the killing effect of Vδ2 T cells on CC cells. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between the expression of B7-H3 and ULBP2 in the tumor tissues of CC patients. Our results suggest that the B7-H3-mediated STAT3/ULBP2 axis may be a potential candidate target for improving the efficiency of γδT cell-based immunotherapy in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Lu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanchao Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingyuan Wang
- Suzhou Red Cross Blood Center, 355 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongya Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juntao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanzheng Gu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.
| | - Weichang Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.
- , 50 Donghuan Road, Suzhou, 215100, Jiangsu, China.
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Saikia M, Paul S, Chakraborty S. Role of microRNA in forming breast carcinoma. Life Sci 2020; 259:118256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhou Y, An H, Wu G. MicroRNA-6071 Suppresses Glioblastoma Progression Through the Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway by Binding to ULBP2. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9429-9441. [PMID: 33061429 PMCID: PMC7520159 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s265791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of microRNA-6071 (miR-6071) on glioblastoma (GBM) and its potential mechanisms. Methods In this study, the expressions of miR-6071 and UL16 binding protein 2 (ULBP2) were measured by qRT-RCR in GBM tissues and cells. The prognostic values of miR-6071 and ULBP2 were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier methods using the data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The cell clones, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion in GBM cells were detected by colony formation assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing assay and transwell assay. The targeting relationship between miR-6071 and ULBP2 was predicted by Targetscan 7.2 and further verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Moreover, the expressions of Bax, caspase-3, Bcl-2, matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K), p-PI3K, protein kinase B (AKT), p-AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p-mTOR were measured by Western blot. Results miR-6071 was lowly expressed and ULBP2 was highly expressed in GBM tissues and cells. miR-6071 significantly repressed the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis in GBM cells. Moreover, miR-6071 also inhibited the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in GBM cells. Additionally, miR-6071 has been shown to negatively regulate ULBP2 expression. We also confirmed that ULBP2 could reverse the effects of miR-6071 on GBM cells through regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that miR-6071 could suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as promote apoptosis through the inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by binding to ULBP2 in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Zhou
- Second Department of Neurology, Rongcheng People's Hospital, Shandong Province, Rongcheng, Shandong 264300, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei An
- Surgery of Lingcheng, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Dezhou City, Dezhou, Shandong 253500, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, People's Republic of China
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Cantoni C, Wurzer H, Thomas C, Vitale M. Escape of tumor cells from the NK cell cytotoxic activity. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1339-1360. [PMID: 32930468 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2mr0820-652r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, NK cells, initially identified as potent cytotoxic effector cells, have revealed an unexpected complexity, both at phenotypic and functional levels. The discovery of different NK cell subsets, characterized by distinct gene expression and phenotypes, was combined with the characterization of the diverse functions NK cells can exert, not only as circulating cells, but also as cells localized or recruited in lymphoid organs and in multiple tissues. Besides the elimination of tumor and virus-infected cells, these functions include the production of cytokines and chemokines, the regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells, the influence on tissue homeostasis. In addition, NK cells display a remarkable functional plasticity, being able to adapt to the environment and to develop a kind of memory. Nevertheless, the powerful cytotoxic activity of NK cells remains one of their most relevant properties, particularly in the antitumor response. In this review, the process of tumor cell recognition and killing mediated by NK cells, starting from the generation of cytolytic granules and recognition of target cell, to the establishment of the NK cell immunological synapse, the release of cytotoxic molecules, and consequent tumor cell death is described. Next, the review focuses on the heterogeneous mechanisms, either intrinsic to tumors or induced by the tumor microenvironment, by which cancer cells can escape the NK cell-mediated attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cantoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Integrated Department of Services and Laboratories, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Hannah Wurzer
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Clément Thomas
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Massimo Vitale
- UO Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Genoa, Italy
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Lu J, Chen H, He F, You Y, Feng Z, Chen W, Li X, Zhao L. Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 upregulates HIF-1α-targeting miR-519a-5p to inhibit the Warburg effect in ovarian cancer cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1455-1463. [PMID: 32271958 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect, one of the metabolic hallmarks of cancer, is responsible for rapid energy production through a high rate of aerobic glycolysis. Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 antagonizes the Warburg effect in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating some microRNAs, including miR-519a-5p, that target key enzymes involved in aerobic glycolysis. How 20(S)-Rg3-upregulated miR-519a-5p influences the Warburg effect in ovarian cancer cells remains poorly defined, however. Here we report that while overexpression of miR-519a-5p in ovarian cancer cells inhibited the Warburg effect, inhibition of miR-519a-5p negated the suppressive action of 20(S)-Rg3 against the Warburg effect as evidenced by a decrease in glucose consumption, lactate production and HK2 expression. We identified HIF-1α as a direct target of miR-519a-5p via luciferase reporter assays and demonstrated the counteraction by overexpressed HIF-1α of 20(S)-Rg3-suppressed Warburg effect. Further, 20(S)-Rg3 decreased DNMT3A-mediated DNA methylation in the promoter region of its precursor gene, leading to an increase in the level of miR-519a-5p. In conclusion, 20(S)-Rg3 upregulates miR-519a-5p via reducing DNMT3A-mediated DNA methylation to inhibit HIF-1α-stimulated Warburg effect in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Lu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang He
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyi You
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaozu Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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