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Prasun P. NCOR2 Is a Candidate Gene for Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 156:1-3. [PMID: 38677047 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Prasun
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.
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2
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Bellair M, Amaral E, Ouren M, Roark C, Kim J, O'Connor A, Soriano A, Schindler ML, Wapner RJ, Stone JL, Tavella N, Merriam A, Perley L, Breman AM, Beaudet AL. Noninvasive single-cell-based prenatal genetic testing: A proof of concept clinical study. Prenat Diagn 2024; 44:304-316. [PMID: 38411249 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clinically assess a cell-based noninvasive prenatal genetic test using sequence-based copy number analysis of single trophoblasts from maternal blood. METHODS Blood was obtained from 401 (243 + 158) individuals (8-22 weeks) and shipped overnight. Red cells were lysed, and nucleated cells stained for cytokeratin (CK) and CD45 and enriched for positive CK staining. Automated scanning was used to identify and pick single CK+ /CD45- trophoblasts which were subjected to next-generation sequencing. RESULTS Blood was obtained from 243 pregnancies scheduled for CVS or amniocentesis. Luna results were normal for 160 singletons while 15 cases were abnormal (14 aneuploidy and one monozygotic twin with Williams syndrome deletion). The deletion was confirmed in both fetuses. Placental mosaicism occurred in 7 of 236 (3.0%) Luna cases and in 3 of 188 (1.6%) CVS cases (total 4.6%). No scorable trophoblasts were recovered in 32 of 236 usable samples. Additionally, 158 low-risk pregnancies not undergoing CVS/amniocentesis showed normal results in 133 cases. Seven had aneuploidy results, and there were three likely pathogenic deletions/duplications, including one15q11-q13 deletion. CONCLUSION Although the sample size is modest and statistically accurate measures of test performance are not possible, the Luna test detected aneuploidy and deletions/duplications based on concordance with CVS/amniocentesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ronald J Wapner
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joanne L Stone
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicola Tavella
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Lauren Perley
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Amy M Breman
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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3
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Snyder MT, Manor J, Gijavanekar C, Mizerik E, Kralik SF, Elsea SH, Machol K, Emrick L, Scaglia F. Heteroplasmic pathogenic m.12315G>A variant in MT-TL2 presenting with MELAS syndrome and depletion of nitric oxide donors. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63461. [PMID: 37953071 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The MT-TL2 m.12315G>A pathogenic variant has previously been reported in five individuals with mild clinical phenotypes. Herein we report the case of a 5-year-old child with heteroplasmy for this variant who developed neurological regression and stroke-like episodes similar to those observed in mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Biochemical evaluation revealed depletion of arginine on plasma amino acid analysis and low z-scores for citrulline on untargeted plasma metabolomics analysis. These findings suggested that decreased availability of nitric oxide may have contributed to the stroke-like episodes. The use of intravenous arginine during stroke-like episodes and daily enteral L-citrulline supplementation normalized her biochemical values of arginine and citrulline. Untargeted plasma metabolomics showed the absence of nicotinamide and 1-methylnicotinamide, and plasma total glutathione levels were low; thus, nicotinamide riboside and N-acetylcysteine therapies were initiated. This report expands the phenotype associated with the rare mitochondrial variant MT-TL2 m.12315G>A to include neurological regression and a MELAS-like phenotype. Individuals with this variant should undergo in-depth biochemical analysis to include untargeted plasma metabolomics, plasma amino acids, and glutathione levels to help guide a targeted approach to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Snyder
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joshua Manor
- Metabolic Diseases Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Charul Gijavanekar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mizerik
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen F Kralik
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah H Elsea
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keren Machol
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lisa Emrick
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Joint BCM-CUHK Center of Medical Genetics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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4
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Husen SC, Visser EF, Srebniak MI, Diderich KEM, Groenenberg IAL, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Go ATJI. Prenatal counseling of an isolated fetal small head circumference during the second trimester expert ultrasound examination. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 294:58-64. [PMID: 38218159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate perinatal and postnatal outcomes of fetuses with an isolated small head circumference (HC) on expert ultrasound examination in the second trimester for further recommendations in prenatal care. STUDY DESIGN In a retrospective cohort we included singleton-pregnancies with a fetal HC > -3.0 SD and ≤ -1.64 SD determined on expert ultrasound examination between 18 and 24 weeks of gestational age. Three subgroups were determined: "isolated small HC (ISHC)", "small HC plus abdominal circumference (AC) ≤ p10 (SHC+)" and "small HC plus AC ≤ p10 and Doppler abnormalities (SHC + D)". After ultrasound examination, genetic testing was sometimes offered and postnatally genetic tests were performed on indication. RESULTS We included 252 pregnancies: 109 ISHC, 104 SHC+, and 39 SHC + D. In the ISHC and SHC+ subgroup, 96 % of the fetuses were born alive and did not die neonatal. In the SH + D group this was only 38 %. In the SHC+ subgroup, less fetuses were delivered vaginal (non-instrumental) compared to the ISHC subgroup (61 % vs. 73 %, p < 0.01). In the ISHC and SHC+ subgroup s some fetuses were diagnosed with congenital defects (4 % vs. 10 %, p = 0.08) and with a genetic anomaly (6.4 % vs. 7.7 %, p = 0.13) after 24 weeks or postnatally. In SHC + D subgroups 5 % presented with congenital defects and 2.6 % with a genetic anomaly. CONCLUSION We conclude that fetuses with a small HC without structural anomalies on second trimester expert ultrasound require follow-up and special medical attention. We recommend differentiating between ISHC, SHC+, and SHC + D for prenatal counseling. Genetic testing and referral to a clinical geneticist should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie C Husen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Eline F Visser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Malgorzata I Srebniak
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karin E M Diderich
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irene A L Groenenberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Attie T J I Go
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Huth EA, Zhao X, Owen N, Luna PN, Vogel I, Dorf ILH, Joss S, Clayton-Smith J, Parker MJ, Louw JJ, Gewillig M, Breckpot J, Kraus A, Sasaki E, Kini U, Burgess T, Tan TY, Armstrong R, Neas K, Ferrero GB, Brusco A, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS, Rankin J, Helvaty LR, Landis BJ, Geddes GC, McBride KL, Ware SM, Shaw CA, Lalani SR, Rosenfeld JA, Scott DA. Clinical exome sequencing efficacy and phenotypic expansions involving anomalous pulmonary venous return. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:1430-1439. [PMID: 37673932 PMCID: PMC10689790 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anomalous pulmonary venous return (APVR) frequently occurs with other congenital heart defects (CHDs) or extra-cardiac anomalies. While some genetic causes have been identified, the optimal approach to genetic testing in individuals with APVR remains uncertain, and the etiology of most cases of APVR is unclear. Here, we analyzed molecular data from 49 individuals to determine the diagnostic yield of clinical exome sequencing (ES) for non-isolated APVR. A definitive or probable diagnosis was made for 8 of those individuals yielding a diagnostic efficacy rate of 16.3%. We then analyzed molecular data from 62 individuals with APVR accrued from three databases to identify novel APVR genes. Based on data from this analysis, published case reports, mouse models, and/or similarity to known APVR genes as revealed by a machine learning algorithm, we identified 3 genes-EFTUD2, NAA15, and NKX2-1-for which there is sufficient evidence to support phenotypic expansion to include APVR. We also provide evidence that 3 recurrent copy number variants contribute to the development of APVR: proximal 1q21.1 microdeletions involving RBM8A and PDZK1, recurrent BP1-BP2 15q11.2 deletions, and central 22q11.2 deletions involving CRKL. Our results suggest that ES and chromosomal microarray analysis (or genome sequencing) should be considered for individuals with non-isolated APVR for whom a genetic etiology has not been identified, and that genetic testing to identify an independent genetic etiology of APVR is not warranted in individuals with EFTUD2-, NAA15-, and NKX2-1-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Huth
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nichole Owen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pamela N Luna
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ida Vogel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, C, Denmark
| | - Inger L H Dorf
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Shelagh Joss
- West of Scotland Genomics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre For Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Michael J Parker
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sheffield, Children's Hospital, UK
| | - Jacoba J Louw
- Pediatric Cardiology Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Gewillig
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Pediatric Cardiology University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Catholic University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alison Kraus
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Erina Sasaki
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7HE, UK
| | - Usha Kini
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7HE, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Trent Burgess
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tiong Y Tan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth Armstrong
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Giovanni B Ferrero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Gabrielle C Geddes
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kim L McBride
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie M Ware
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Chad A Shaw
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seema R Lalani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daryl A Scott
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Hamad A, Sherlaw-Sturrock CA, Glover K, Salmon R, Low K, Nair R, Sansbury FH, Rawlins L, Carmichael J, Horton R, Wedderburn S, Edgerley K, Irving R, Callaghan M, Mercer C, McGowan R, Robert L, Titheradge H, Naik S. Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Chromosome 16p13.11 microduplication: A multicentric analysis of 206 patients. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104714. [PMID: 36724812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recurrent chromosome 16p13.11 microduplication has been characterised in the literature as a cause of developmental delay, learning difficulties and behavioural abnormalities. It is a neurosusceptibility locus and has incomplete penetrance and variable expression. Other clinical features, such as cardiac abnormalities have also been reported. The duplicated region contains the MYH11 gene, which encodes the protein myosin-11 and is a component of the myosin heavy chain in smooth muscle. Recent literature has suggested 16p13.11 microduplication as one of the possible risk factors for thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissection (TAAD). Therefore, we studied the detailed phenotype of cases of chromosome 16p13.11 microduplication from seven centres in the United Kingdom (UK) to expand the phenotype, focusing on the cardiac abnormalities. METHODS All individuals with a chromosome 16p13.11 microduplication seen in Clinical Genetics prior to June 2017 in 6 centres (prior to 2018 in the seventh centre) were identified through the regional genetics laboratory databases. A Microsoft Excel® proforma was created and clinical data was collected retrospectively from clinical genetics databases from the seven genetics services in the UK. The data was collated and analysed collectively. RESULTS The majority of the individuals presented with (72%) developmental delay and (62%) behavioural abnormalities, in keeping with the published literature. 27% had some dysmorphic features, 14% had visual impairment and 8% had congenital cardiac abnormalities. Echocardiograms were performed in 50% of patients, and only 3.8% patients had aortic dilatation and no one had aortic dissection. 9.7% of patients were found to have a second genetic/chromosomal diagnosis, especially where there were additional phenotypic features. CONCLUSION 16p13.11 microduplication is a neurosusceptibility locus and is associated with variable expression. It may be helpful to refer children with 16p13.11 microduplication for a cardiac review for congenital cardiac abnormalities and also for ophthalmological assessment. Further prospective studies with cardiac assessments are recommended in this cohort of patients to determine whether ongoing aortic surveillance is indicated. Guidelines about the frequency of surveillance are indicated, especially in individuals with normal cardiac findings. We also highlight the importance of considering a second diagnosis if the phenotype is inconsistent with that reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Hamad
- West Midlands Genetics Services, Birmingham Women and Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham. UK
| | | | - Kate Glover
- West Midlands Genetics Services, Birmingham Women and Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham. UK
| | - Rachel Salmon
- West Midlands Genetics Services, Birmingham Women and Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham. UK
| | - Karen Low
- Clinical Genetics Department, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Ramya Nair
- West Midlands Genetics Services, Birmingham Women and Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham. UK
| | - Francis H Sansbury
- Clinical Genetics Department, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, UK; All Wales Medical Genomics Service, NHS Wales Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - LettieE Rawlins
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Jenny Carmichael
- Clinical Genetics Department, Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford, UK; Department of Clinical Genetics, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rachael Horton
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Katherine Edgerley
- Clinical Genetics Department, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Rachel Irving
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Mary Callaghan
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Catherine Mercer
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Ruth McGowan
- West of Scotland Centre for Genomic Medicine, Glasgow, UK
| | - Leema Robert
- Clinical Genetics Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hannah Titheradge
- West Midlands Genetics Services, Birmingham Women and Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham. UK.
| | - Swati Naik
- West Midlands Genetics Services, Birmingham Women and Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham. UK
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Cai M, Que Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Liang B, Huang H, Xu L, Lin N. 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication in fetuses: investigation of associated ultrasound phenotypes, genetic anomalies, and pregnancy outcome follow-up. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:913. [PMID: 36476185 PMCID: PMC9727942 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication are rare genetic diseases with incomplete penetrance, most of which have been reported in adults and children, with ultrasound phenotyping in fetuses rarely described. Here, we have analyzed prenatal ultrasound phenotypic characteristics associated with 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication, in order to improve the understanding, diagnosis and monitoring of this disease in the fetus. METHODS A total of 9000 pregnant women who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis for karyotyping and SNP-array were retrospectively analyzed in tertiary referral institutions from October 2016 to January 2022. RESULTS SNP-array revealed that 20 fetuses had copy number variation (CNV) in the 16p13.11 region, out of which 5 had 16p13.11 microdeletion and the rest showed microduplication, along with different ultrasound phenotypes. Furthermore, 4/20 cases demonstrated structural abnormalities, while the remaining 16 cases were atypical in ultrasound. Taken together, 16p13.1 microdeletion was closely related to thickened nuchal translucency, while 16p13.11 microduplication was more closely associated with echogenic bowel. Only 5/15 fetuses were verified by pedigree, with one case of 16p13.11 microdeletion being de novo, and the other cases of 16p13.11 microduplication were inherited from one parent. In 4/20 cases, the pregnancy was terminated. Except for one case with short stature and another one who underwent lung cystadenoma surgery, no abnormalities were reported in the other cases during follow-up. CONCLUSION Fetuses with 16p13.11 microdeletion/microduplication had no characteristic phenotype of intrauterine ultrasound and was in good health after birth, thus providing a reference for the perinatal management of such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Cai
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanting Que
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Liang
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hailong Huang
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangpu Xu
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
| | - Na Lin
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307 Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou, China
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8
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Nde1 is Required for Heterochromatin Compaction and Stability in Neocortical Neurons. iScience 2022; 25:104354. [PMID: 35601919 PMCID: PMC9121328 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The NDE1 gene encodes a scaffold protein essential for brain development. Although biallelic NDE1 loss of function (LOF) causes microcephaly with profound mental retardation, NDE1 missense mutations and copy number variations are associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the etiology of the diverse phenotypes resulting from NDE1 aberrations remains elusive. Here we demonstrate Nde1 controls neurogenesis through facilitating H4K20 trimethylation-mediated heterochromatin compaction. This mechanism patterns diverse chromatin landscapes and stabilizes constitutive heterochromatin of neocortical neurons. We demonstrate that NDE1 can undergo dynamic liquid-liquid phase separation, partitioning to the nucleus and interacting with pericentromeric and centromeric satellite repeats. Nde1 LOF results in nuclear architecture aberrations and DNA double-strand breaks, as well as instability and derepression of pericentromeric satellite repeats in neocortical neurons. These findings uncover a pivotal role of NDE1/Nde1 in establishing and protecting neuronal heterochromatin. They suggest that heterochromatin instability predisposes a wide range of brain dysfunction. Cortical neurogenesis is coupled with heterochromatin compaction marked by H4K20me3 Nde1 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation and interacts with heterochromatin Nde1 mutations impair H4K20me3 during neural progenitor differentiation Neurons lacking Nde1 derepress heterochromatin and lose nuclear and genomic integrity
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Arslan AB, Zamani AG, Yıldırım MS. Novel Findings, Mini-Review and Dysmorphological Characterization of 16p13.11 Microduplication syndrome. Int J Dev Neurosci 2022; 82:289-294. [PMID: 35470466 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The short arm of chromosome 16 and especially the region 16p13.11 is a chromosome region where many structural variants, especially deletions and duplications, can be observed. While deletions of this region are clinically well defined, duplications are rare, and so far, there is no established clinical consensus in regard with its clinical picture, and especially the dysmorphic perspective of the disease is far from being clear. A 5-year-and-2-month-old patient who presented with epilepsy, autism and late speech onset complaints, was evaluated in our genetics department. On physical examination unilateral preauricular skin tag and upslanting palpebral fissures were noted. Microarray analysis was performed and reported as ([hg19]: 16p13.11 (14.897.804-16.730.375) x3). The literature review revealed only a few reports about the syndrome, but some dysmorphological findings appear to recur in different reports, which enables a possible characterization. Dysmorphic findings were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Burak Arslan
- Medical Genetics Department, Necmettin Erbakan University Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Gül Zamani
- Medical Genetics Department, Necmettin Erbakan University Hospital, Konya, Turkey
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10
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The frequency and efficacy of genetic testing in individuals with scimitar syndrome. Cardiol Young 2022; 32:550-557. [PMID: 34210367 PMCID: PMC8988429 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121002535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scimitar syndrome is a rare CHD composed of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection from the right lung, via a scimitar vein, to the inferior vena cava rather than the left atrium. Genetic conditions associated with scimitar syndrome have not been well investigated at present. METHODS Our study included patients with scimitar syndrome diagnosed at Texas Children's Hospital from January 1987 to July 2020. Medical records were evaluated to determine if genetic testing was performed, including chromosomal microarray analysis or whole-exome sequencing. Copy number variants identified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic and variants of unknown significance were collected. Analyses of cardiac and extracardiac findings were performed via chart review. RESULTS Ninety-eight patients were identified with scimitar syndrome, 89 of which met inclusion criteria. A chromosome analysis or chromosomal microarray analysis was performed in 18 patients (20%). Whole-exome sequencing was performed in six patients following negative chromosomal microarray analysis testing. A molecular genetic diagnosis was made in 7 of 18 cases (39% of those tested). Ninety-six per cent of the cohort had some type of extracardiac finding, with 43% having asthma and 20% having a gastrointestinal pathology. Of the seven patients with positive genetic testing, all had extracardiac anomalies with all but one having gastrointestinal findings and 30% having congenital diaphragmatic hernia. CONCLUSIONS Genetic testing revealed an underlying diagnosis in roughly 40% of those tested. Given the relatively high prevalence of pathogenic variants, we recommend chromosomal microarray analysis and whole-exome sequencing for patients with scimitar syndrome and extracardiac defects.
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11
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Granata P, Cocciadiferro D, Zito A, Pessina C, Bassani A, Zambonin F, Novelli A, Fasano M, Casalone R. Whole Exome Sequencing in 16p13.11 Microdeletion Patients Reveals New Variants Through Deductive and Systems Medicine Approaches. Front Genet 2022; 13:798607. [PMID: 35368691 PMCID: PMC8965081 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.798607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The 16p13.11 microdeletion, whose prevalence in the general population is about 0.04%, is known in literature as a predisposition factor to neurodevelopmental disorders, being found in about 0.13% of patients with schizophrenia, in 0.5–0.6% of patient with epilepsy, cognitive impairment, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and aggressiveness. The goal of this study was to identify a specific gene set pattern unique for the affected patients in comparison with other familial components. Due to the incomplete penetrance of this copy number variant (CNV), we studied by whole exome sequencing (WES), with particular regard of 850 SFARI genes, three families with an affected member carrier of inherited 16p13.11 and 16p13.11p12.3 microdeletion and one family with an affected member with a de novo 16p13.11 microdeletion. By combining a deductive approach together with personalized network models, we identified gene signatures potentially capable of explaining the clinical phenotype. Candidate variants in genes of interest were identified as possibly involved in determining the neurological phenotype of the four patients, such as compound heterozygosity in CECR2, variants in MTOR and RICTOR genes, compound heterozygous single nucleotide variants in the LRRK2 gene. Moreover, genes present in the microdeletion region were partially present as central nodes, with a focus on NDE1. No additional pathogenetic or uncertain CNVs were found in all four patients. No significant variants were detected in genes included in the microdeletion in patients 1, 2 and 3, excluding the finding of unmasked recessive variants. In conclusion, WES is a fundamental tool in the genetic investigation of patients having a predisposing variant, which is not sufficient to define the clinical phenotype. Moreover, the analysis of WES data using Systems medicine tools, such as personalized network models, led to the prioritization of genes on a high throughput scale and to discover variants in genes that were not prioritized at first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Granata
- Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Services, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Dario Cocciadiferro
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zito
- Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Services, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Chiara Pessina
- Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Services, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bassani
- Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Services, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Fabio Zambonin
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
| | - Mauro Fasano
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center of Bioinformatics, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio, Italy
- *Correspondence: Mauro Fasano, ; Rosario Casalone,
| | - Rosario Casalone
- Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Services, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
- *Correspondence: Mauro Fasano, ; Rosario Casalone,
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12
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Buttermore ED, Anderson NC, Chen PF, Makhortova NR, Kim KH, Wafa SMA, Dwyer S, Micozzi JM, Winden KD, Zhang B, Han MJ, Kleiman RJ, Brownstein CA, Sahin M, Gonzalez-Heydrich J. 16p13.11 deletion variants associated with neuropsychiatric disorders cause morphological and synaptic changes in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:924956. [PMID: 36405918 PMCID: PMC9669751 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.924956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
16p13.11 copy number variants (CNVs) have been associated with autism, schizophrenia, psychosis, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. The majority of 16p13.11 deletions or duplications occur within three well-defined intervals, and despite growing knowledge of the functions of individual genes within these intervals, the molecular mechanisms that underlie commonly observed clinical phenotypes remain largely unknown. Patient-derived, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a platform for investigating the morphological, electrophysiological, and gene-expression changes that result from 16p13.11 CNVs in human-derived neurons. Patient derived iPSCs with varying sizes of 16p13.11 deletions and familial controls were differentiated into cortical neurons for phenotypic analysis. High-content imaging and morphological analysis of patient-derived neurons demonstrated an increase in neurite branching in patients compared with controls. Whole-transcriptome sequencing revealed expression level changes in neuron development and synaptic-related gene families, suggesting a defect in synapse formation. Subsequent quantification of synapse number demonstrated increased numbers of synapses on neurons derived from early-onset patients compared to controls. The identification of common phenotypes among neurons derived from patients with overlapping 16p13.11 deletions will further assist in ascertaining common pathways and targets that could be utilized for screening drug candidates. These studies can help to improve future treatment options and clinical outcomes for 16p13.11 deletion patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth D Buttermore
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nickesha C Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pin-Fang Chen
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nina R Makhortova
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kristina H Kim
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Syed M A Wafa
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sean Dwyer
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John M Micozzi
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kellen D Winden
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Min-Joon Han
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robin J Kleiman
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Catherine A Brownstein
- The Manton Center of Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuropsychiatry Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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13
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Inzaghi E, Deodati A, Loddo S, Mucciolo M, Verdecchia F, Sallicandro E, Catino G, Cappa M, Novelli A, Cianfarani S. Prevalence of copy number variants (CNVs) and rhGH treatment efficacy in an Italian cohort of children born small for gestational age (SGA) with persistent short stature associated with a complex clinical phenotype. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:79-87. [PMID: 34255311 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple factors influence intrauterine growth and lead to low birth sizes. The impact of genetic alterations on both pre- and post-natal growth is still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CNVs in an Italian cohort of SGA children with persistent short stature and complex clinical phenotype. rhGH treatment efficacy was evaluated according to the different genotypes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Twenty-four SGA children (10F/14M) with persistent short stature associated with dysmorphic features and/or developmental delay underwent CNV evaluation. RESULTS CNVs were present in 14/24 (58%) SGA children. Six patients had a microdeletion involving the following regions: 3q24q25.1, 8p21.2p12, 15q26, 19q13.11, 20q11.21q12, 22q11.2. In three females, the same microdeletion involving 17p13.3 region was identified. In two different patients, two microduplications involving 10q21.3 and Xp11.3 region were observed. A further female patient showed both an 11q12.1 and an Xq27.1 microduplication, inherited from her mother and from her father, respectively. In a boy, the presence of a 12p13.33 microdeletion and a 19q13.43 microduplication was found. GH treatment efficacy, expressed by height gain and height velocity in the first 12 months of therapy, was similar in subjects with and without CNVs. CONCLUSIONS These results show that pathogenic CNVs are common in SGA children with short stature associated with additional clinical features. Interestingly, the involvement of 17p13.3 region occurs with a relative high frequency, suggesting that genes located in this region could play a key role in pre- and post-natal growth. rhGH therapy has similar efficacy in the short term whether CNVs are present or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Inzaghi
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - A Deodati
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - S Loddo
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mucciolo
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - F Verdecchia
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - E Sallicandro
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Catino
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cappa
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - A Novelli
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - S Cianfarani
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Shum BJ, Kim MS, Kondra K, Hammoudeh JA, Strom C, Ryabets-Lienhard A. A Unique Case of Aggressive Central Giant Cell Granuloma in a 10-Year-Old Boy With 16p13.11 Microdeletion Syndrome. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2022; 10:23247096221123146. [PMID: 36154495 PMCID: PMC9513564 DOI: 10.1177/23247096221123146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a rare disease characterized by
sporadic, benign, intraosseous mandibular lesions of unknown etiology.
Histologically, these lesions are indistinguishable from brown tumors
of hyperparathyroidism and cherubism, and occasionally have been
associated with different syndromes raising a question for genetic
etiology. The CGCG has varied presentation ranging from nonaggressive
and indolent to aggressive, destructive, and recurrent, often posing
diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Herein, we present the first
case of a 10-year-old boy with CGCG and 16p13.11 microdeletion
syndrome, highlight the diagnostic challenges inherent to this
heterogeneous disorder, and discuss the genetics and treatment
approaches of these complex lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty J. Shum
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mimi S. Kim
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Katelyn Kondra
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Hammoudeh
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Strom
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna Ryabets-Lienhard
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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15
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Hande F, Günel M, Göknur H, Gülen E, Pelin K, Şimşek Ö. Evaluation of a girl with 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health perspectives. SANAMED 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/sanamed0-40595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To present the functional status of a child with 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome by evaluating it under the International Classification of the World Health Organization's International Framework for Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Case Description: An 11-year-old girl with 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome was assessed using the tools classified according to ICF for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) categories to evaluate body function, activity participation, and environmental factors. There was a wide range of problems, from body functions to activity participation and environmental factors. Besides these problems, there were social and cognitive disorders as well. Conclusion: Physical and cognitive problems in body function and activity together constitute great barriers to participation in daily life.
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16
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Rosenberg AGW, Pater MRA, Pellikaan K, Davidse K, Kattentidt-Mouravieva AA, Kersseboom R, Bos-Roubos AG, van Eeghen A, Veen JMC, van der Meulen JJ, van Aalst-van Wieringen N, Hoekstra FME, van der Lely AJ, de Graaff LCG. What Every Internist-Endocrinologist Should Know about Rare Genetic Syndromes in Order to Prevent Needless Diagnostics, Missed Diagnoses and Medical Complications: Five Years of 'Internal Medicine for Rare Genetic Syndromes'. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225457. [PMID: 34830739 PMCID: PMC8622899 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with complex rare genetic syndromes (CRGS) have combined medical problems affecting multiple organ systems. Pediatric multidisciplinary (MD) care has improved life expectancy, however, transfer to internal medicine is hindered by the lack of adequate MD care for adults. We have launched an MD outpatient clinic providing syndrome-specific care for adults with CRGS, which, to our knowledge, is the first one worldwide in the field of internal medicine. Between 2015 and 2020, we have treated 720 adults with over 60 syndromes. Eighty-nine percent of the syndromes were associated with endocrine problems. We describe case series of missed diagnoses and patients who had undergone extensive diagnostic testing for symptoms that could actually be explained by their syndrome. Based on our experiences and review of the literature, we provide an algorithm for the clinical approach of health problems in CRGS adults. We conclude that missed diagnoses and needless invasive tests seem common in CRGS adults. Due to the increased life expectancy, an increasing number of patients with CRGS will transfer to adult endocrinology. Internist-endocrinologists (in training) should be aware of their special needs and medical pitfalls of CRGS will help prevent the burden of unnecessary diagnostics and under- and overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna G. W. Rosenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.G.W.R.); (M.R.A.P.); (K.P.); (K.D.); (F.M.E.H.); (A.J.v.d.L.)
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Minke R. A. Pater
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.G.W.R.); (M.R.A.P.); (K.P.); (K.D.); (F.M.E.H.); (A.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Karlijn Pellikaan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.G.W.R.); (M.R.A.P.); (K.P.); (K.D.); (F.M.E.H.); (A.J.v.d.L.)
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Davidse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.G.W.R.); (M.R.A.P.); (K.P.); (K.D.); (F.M.E.H.); (A.J.v.d.L.)
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rogier Kersseboom
- Stichting Zuidwester, 3241 LB Middelharnis, The Netherlands; (A.A.K.-M.); (R.K.)
| | - Anja G. Bos-Roubos
- Center of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh, 5803 DN Venray, The Netherlands;
| | - Agnies van Eeghen
- ‘s Heeren Loo, Care Group, 3818 LA Amersfoort, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - José M. C. Veen
- ‘s Heeren Loo, Care Providing Agency, 6733 SC Wekerom, The Netherlands; (J.M.C.V.); (J.J.v.d.M.)
| | - Jiske J. van der Meulen
- ‘s Heeren Loo, Care Providing Agency, 6733 SC Wekerom, The Netherlands; (J.M.C.V.); (J.J.v.d.M.)
| | - Nina van Aalst-van Wieringen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Franciska M. E. Hoekstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.G.W.R.); (M.R.A.P.); (K.P.); (K.D.); (F.M.E.H.); (A.J.v.d.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, 2625 AD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J. van der Lely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.G.W.R.); (M.R.A.P.); (K.P.); (K.D.); (F.M.E.H.); (A.J.v.d.L.)
| | - Laura C. G. de Graaff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (A.G.W.R.); (M.R.A.P.); (K.P.); (K.D.); (F.M.E.H.); (A.J.v.d.L.)
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE—Dutch Center of Reference for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Turner Syndrome, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Disorders of Sex Development, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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17
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Duplication of Chromosome 16p13.11-p12.3 with Different Expressions in the Same Family. Balkan J Med Genet 2021; 24:89-94. [PMID: 34447664 PMCID: PMC8366479 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2021-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge about genetic involvement in neurodevelopmental disorders, and especially in autism, is currently rising. To date, more than 100 gene mutations related to autistic syndromes have been described. Some disorders that affect multiple family members are caused by gene mutations, which can be inherited. Recently, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) has identified sub microscopic deletions and duplications as a common cause of mental retardation and autism. In this article we report the occurrence of the same genetic finding (chromosome 16p13.11-p12.3 duplication) in a family with four small children, where two older siblings manifested a global neurodevelopmental delay associated with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but younger twin brothers with the same mutation, have typical development. Genetic analysis showed that the chromosomal duplication was inherited from the father, in which phenotype and functioning are quite typical. As is known, the duplication can pass from parents to children. The 16p13.11 micro duplication has been implicated in several neurodevelopmental and behavioral disorders and is characterized by variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance.
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18
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Exome sequencing of fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia supports a causal role for NR2F2, PTPN11, and WT1 variants. Am J Surg 2021; 223:182-186. [PMID: 34315577 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify genes associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) to help understand the etiology and inform prognosis. METHODS We performed exome sequencing on fetuses with CDH and their parents to identify rare genetic variants likely to mediate risk. We reviewed prenatal characteristics and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS Data were generated for 22 parent-offspring trios. Six Likely Damaging (LD) variants were identified in five families (23 %). Three LD variants were in genes that contain variants in other CDH cohorts (NR2F2, PTPN11, WT1), while three were in genes that do not (CTR9, HDAC6, TP53). Integrating these data bolsters the evidence of association of NR2F2, PTPN11, and WT1 with CDH in humans. Of the five fetuses with a genetic diagnosis, one was terminated, two underwent perinatal demise, while two survived until repair. CONCLUSIONS Exome sequencing expands the diagnostic yield of genetic testing in CDH. Correlating CDH patients' exomes with clinical outcomes may enable personalized counseling and therapies.
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19
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Huang H, Cai M, Liu L, Xu L, Lin N. Effectiveness of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis for Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Echogenic Intracardiac Focus: A Single-Center Experience. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:1991-1997. [PMID: 34045891 PMCID: PMC8149271 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s311800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) is a common ultrasound finding during pregnancy. However, the correlation between fetal EIF and cardiac abnormality remains in dispute until now. The study aimed to examine the association of fetal EIF with chromosomal abnormality by means of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 192 pregnant women with fetal EIF undergoing amniocentesis or umbilical cord blood puncture were recruited and assigned into groups A (8 cases with isolated EIF alone), B (75 cases with EIF and other cardiac malformations) and C (109 cases with EIF and extracardiac malformations). All fetuses underwent karyotyping analysis and CMA simultaneously. The detection of chromosomal abnormality and copy number variations (CNVs) were compared. RESULTS Chromosomal karyotyping identified 5 fetuses with chromosomal abnormality, including 3 cases with trisomy 21, one fetus with Turner's syndrome, and one fetus with chromosome 8 mosaicism, while CMA detected 6 additional fetuses with CNVs, including 2 fetuses with pathogenic CNVs and 4 fetuses with variants of uncertain significance (VOUS). There was no significant difference among groups A (0), B (5.33%) and C (6.42%) in terms of the prevalence of chromosomal abnormality (P> 0.05). Among the 4 fetuses with VOUS, pregnancy continued in 2 fetuses, and pregnancy was terminated in other 2 fetuses. CONCLUSION An isolated EIF may not correlate with chromosomal abnormality. However, CMA is recommended in fetuses with CMA complicated by other abnormal cardiac ultrasound findings, which facilitates the prediction of fetal outcomes during the genetic counseling and precision assessment of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Huang
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiying Cai
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linyu Liu
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People’s Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangpu Xu
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Lin
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Li J, Hojlo MA, Chennuri S, Gujral N, Paterson HL, Shefchek KA, Genetti CA, Cohn EL, Sewalk KC, Garvey EA, Buttermore ED, Anderson NC, Beggs AH, Agrawal PB, Brownstein JS, Haendel MA, Holm IA, Gonzalez-Heydrich J, Brownstein CA. Underrepresentation of Phenotypic Variability of 16p13.11 Microduplication Syndrome Assessed With an Online Self-Phenotyping Tool (Phenotypr): Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e21023. [PMID: 33724192 PMCID: PMC8074853 DOI: 10.2196/21023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome has a variable presentation and is characterized primarily by neurodevelopmental and physical phenotypes resulting from copy number variation at chromosome 16p13.11. Given its variability, there may be features that have not yet been reported. The goal of this study was to use a patient “self-phenotyping” survey to collect data directly from patients to further characterize the phenotypes of 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome. Objective This study aimed to (1) discover self-identified phenotypes in 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome that have been underrepresented in the scientific literature and (2) demonstrate that self-phenotyping tools are valuable sources of data for the medical and scientific communities. Methods As part of a large study to compare and evaluate patient self-phenotyping surveys, an online survey tool, Phenotypr, was developed for patients with rare disorders to self-report phenotypes. Participants with 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome were recruited through the Boston Children's Hospital 16p13.11 Registry. Either the caregiver, parent, or legal guardian of an affected child or the affected person (if aged 18 years or above) completed the survey. Results were securely transferred to a Research Electronic Data Capture database and aggregated for analysis. Results A total of 19 participants enrolled in the study. Notably, among the 19 participants, aggression and anxiety were mentioned by 3 (16%) and 4 (21%) participants, respectively, which is an increase over the numbers in previously published literature. Additionally, among the 19 participants, 3 (16%) had asthma and 2 (11%) had other immunological disorders, both of which have not been previously described in the syndrome. Conclusions Several phenotypes might be underrepresented in the previous 16p13.11 microduplication literature, and new possible phenotypes have been identified. Whenever possible, patients should continue to be referenced as a source of complete phenotyping data on their condition. Self-phenotyping may lead to a better understanding of the prevalence of phenotypes in genetic disorders and may identify previously unreported phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Li
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Margaret A Hojlo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sampath Chennuri
- Innovation and Digital Health Accelerator, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nitin Gujral
- Innovation and Digital Health Accelerator, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Heather L Paterson
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kent A Shefchek
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Casie A Genetti
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emily L Cohn
- Innovation and Digital Health Accelerator, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kara C Sewalk
- Computational Epidemiology Group, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emily A Garvey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth D Buttermore
- Human Neuron Core, Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nickesha C Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John S Brownstein
- Innovation and Digital Health Accelerator, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Melissa A Haendel
- Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ingrid A Holm
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Catherine A Brownstein
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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21
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Yatsenko SA, Aarabi M, Hu J, Surti U, Ortiz D, Madan-Khetarpal S, Saller DN, Bellissimo D, Rajkovic A. Copy number alterations involving 59 ACMG-recommended secondary findings genes. Clin Genet 2020; 98:577-588. [PMID: 33009833 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In clinical exome/genome sequencing, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) recommends reporting of secondary findings unrelated to a patient's phenotype when pathogenic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) are observed in one of 59 genes associated with a life-threatening, medically actionable condition. Little is known about the incidence and sensitivity of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for detection of pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) comprising medically-actionable genes. Clinical CMA has been performed on 8865 individuals referred for molecular cytogenetic testing. We retrospectively reviewed the CMA results to identify patients with CNVs comprising genes included in the 59-ACMG list of secondary findings. We evaluated the clinical significance of these CNVs in respect to pathogenicity, phenotypic manifestations, and heritability. We identified 23 patients (0.26%) with relevant CNV either deletions comprising the entire gene or intragenic alterations involving one or more secondary findings genes. A number of patients and/or their family members with pathogenic CNVs manifest or expected to develop an anticipated clinical phenotype and would benefit from preventive management similar to the patients with pathogenic SNVs. To improve patients' care standardization should apply to reporting of both sequencing and CNVs obtained via clinical genome-wide analysis, including chromosomal microarray and exome/genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Urvashi Surti
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Damara Ortiz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suneeta Madan-Khetarpal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Devereux N Saller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Bellissimo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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22
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De novo 16p13.3-p12.3 duplication in a child with syndromic developmental delay. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Cospain A, Dubourg C, Gastineau S, Pichard S, Gandemer V, Bonneau J, de Tayrac M, Moreau C, Odent S, Pasquier L, Damaj L, Lavillaureix A. Incidental diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis type I in an infant with chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction by exome sequencing. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 24:100621. [PMID: 32670797 PMCID: PMC7341448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIPO) is a severe form of intestinal dysmotility, and patients often undergo iterative abdominal surgeries and require parenteral nutrition. Several genes are known to be responsible for this pathology, including ACTG2 (autosomal dominant) and MYH11 (autosomal recessive). We report the first case of unexpected trio medical exome sequencing diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I) in a patient with an early CIPO. There was no clinical suspicion of MPS-I at the time of the prescription. It allowed biochemical confirmation of MPS-I, expert clinical evaluation and early treatment. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with laronidase was started at 9 months old, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was carried out at 10 months and a half. The patient also had a 1.7 mb heterozygous deletion in chromosomal region 16p13.11p12.3, comprising several genes, including MYH11, paternally inherited. Her father has no symptoms of CIPO or other digestive symptoms. One previous association of CIPO and MPS-I was reported in 1986. Moreover, the number of incidental findings of inherited metabolic disorders with therapeutic impact will inevitably increase as pangenomic analyses become cheaper and easily available.
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Key Words
- ACMG, American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
- CIPO, Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction
- Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction
- ENT, Ear, Nose and Throat
- ERT, enzyme replacement therapy
- Exome sequencing
- GAGs, glycosaminoglycans
- HSTC, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- Hurler-Scheie disease
- IFs, Incidental findings
- Incidental finding
- MPS-I, mucopolysaccharidosis type I
- MYH11
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type I
- SFs, Secondary findings
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Affiliation(s)
- Auriane Cospain
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes F-35000, France.,Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU, Rennes F-35033, France
| | - Swellen Gastineau
- Department of Pediatrics, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Samia Pichard
- Department of neuropediatrics and Metabolism, Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Gandemer
- Department of Pediatric onco-Haematology, Rennes University Hospital, University Rennes1, Rennes, France
| | - Jacinthe Bonneau
- Department of Pediatric onco-haematology, Rennes university hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Marie de Tayrac
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes F-35000, France.,Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU, Rennes F-35033, France
| | - Caroline Moreau
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NuMeCan, Laboratoire de Biochimie-Toxicologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou CHU Rennes, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France
| | - Lena Damaj
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France.,Department of Pediatrics, Competence Center of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Rennes Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Alinoë Lavillaureix
- CHU Rennes, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, UMR 6290, Rennes F-35000, France
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24
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Pavone P, Marino S, Maniaci A, Cocuzza S. Aarskog-Scott syndrome: clinical and molecular characterisation of a family with the coexistence of a novel FGD1 mutation and 16p13.11-p12.3 microduplication. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/6/e235183. [PMID: 32606125 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-235183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aarskog-Scott syndrome (AAS), also known as facio-genital dysplasia or faciodigitogenital syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder clinically characterised by facial, limb and genitalanomalies. Although also autosomal dominance and recessive patterns have been reported, up to now, only an X linked form associated to mutations of the FGD1 gene has been recognised as causative for this syndrome.In this case report, we describe a large Italian family in which three members across three generations show classical features of the syndrome. The youngest patient, the proband, and his mother were both molecularly studied and characterised for the not previously reported variant c.1828C>T (p. Arg610*) in the FGD1 gene but with the classic phenotype of AAS. Additionally, both the proband and his mother present a 2.5 Mb 16p13.11-p12.3 microduplication, a genetic variant still unclear for the phenotypic consequences: the co-occurrence of the two rare conditions is discussed for the possible clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Pavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy.,Unit of Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency, University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Silvia Marino
- Unit of Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency, University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- ENT Section, University of Catania Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies GF Ingrassia, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cocuzza
- ENT Section, University of Catania Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences Advanced Technologies GF Ingrassia, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
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25
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Barone R, Gulisano M, Amore R, Domini C, Milana MC, Giglio S, Madia F, Mattina T, Casabona A, Fichera M, Rizzo R. Clinical correlates in children with autism spectrum disorder and CNVs: Systematic investigation in a clinical setting. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 80:276-286. [PMID: 32159884 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with various molecular mechanisms including copy number variants (CNVs). We investigated possible associations between CNVs and ASD clinical correlates. We evaluated pertinent physical characteristics and phenotypic measures such as cognitive level, severity of ASD symptoms and comorbid conditions in ASD patients consecutively recruited over the study period. Children with causative (C-CNVs), non-causative (NC-CNVs) and without CNVs (W-CNVs) were compared. Out of 109 patients, 31 imbalances (16 duplications and 15 deletions) were detected in 25 subjects. Seven (6.4%) had C-CNVs and 18 (16.5%) had NC-CNVs. Paired post hoc comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment showed that dysmorphisms and microcephaly were significantly more frequent in the C-CNVs group. Patients with C-CNVs had more severe autistic core symptoms, while comorbid internalizing behavioral symptoms were more represented among participants with NC-CNVs. No significant differences were observed for distribution of macrocephaly, intellectual disability, epilepsy, isolated electroencephalogram abnormalities and studied neuroimaging characteristics among groups. Recurrent and rare C-CNVs highlighting genes relevant to neurodevelopment had a statistically higher occurrence in children with more severe ASD symptoms and further developmental abnormalities. This study documents the importance of measuring the physical and neurobehavioural correlates of ASD phenotypes to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms in patient subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Barone
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- CNR-Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials IPCB, Catania, Italy
| | - Mariangela Gulisano
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Renata Amore
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Domini
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Milana
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Madia
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Teresa Mattina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Casabona
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Fichera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Renata Rizzo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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26
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Casamassa A, Ferrari D, Gelati M, Carella M, Vescovi AL, Rosati J. A Link between Genetic Disorders and Cellular Impairment, Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Reveal the Functional Consequences of Copy Number Variations in the Central Nervous System-A Close Look at Chromosome 15. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051860. [PMID: 32182809 PMCID: PMC7084702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent cutting-edge human genetics technology has allowed us to identify copy number variations (CNVs) and has provided new insights for understanding causative mechanisms of human diseases. A growing number of studies show that CNVs could be associated with physiological mechanisms linked to evolutionary trigger, as well as to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disease and mental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, intellectual disabilities or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Their incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity make diagnosis difficult and hinder comprehension of the mechanistic bases of these disorders. Additional elements such as co-presence of other CNVs, genomic background and environmental factors are involved in determining the final phenotype associated with a CNV. Genetically engineered animal models are helpful tools for understanding the behavioral consequences of CNVs. However, the genetic background and the biology of these animal model systems have sometimes led to confusing results. New cellular models obtained through somatic cellular reprogramming technology that produce induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from human subjects are being used to explore the mechanisms involved in the pathogenic consequences of CNVs. Considering the vast quantity of CNVs found in the human genome, we intend to focus on reviewing the current literature on the use of iPSCs carrying CNVs on chromosome 15, highlighting advantages and limits of this system with respect to mouse model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Casamassa
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy;
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Viale Abramo Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; (M.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimo Carella
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; (M.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Angelo Luigi Vescovi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy;
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; (M.G.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.V.); (J.R.)
| | - Jessica Rosati
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.L.V.); (J.R.)
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27
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Chang Q, Yang Y, Peng Y, Liu S, Li L, Deng X, Yang M, Lan Y. Prenatal detection of chromosomal abnormalities and copy number variants in fetuses with ventriculomegaly. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 25:106-112. [PMID: 32014392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically investigate chromosomal abnormalities and copy number variants (CNVs) in fetuses with different types of ventriculomegaly (VM) by karyotyping and/or chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). METHODS This retrospective study included 312 fetuses diagnosed with VM. Amniotic fluid and umbilical blood samples were collected by amniocentesis and cordocentesis, respectively, and subjected to karyotyping and/or CMA. Subgroup analysis by VM type, including mild VM (MVM) and severe VM (SVM), unilateral and bilateral VM, isolated VM (IVM), and non-isolated VM (NIVM), was performed. RESULTS The detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities was 12.1% (34/281) by karyotyping and 20.6% when CMA was additionally performed (P < 0.05). Abnormalities were identified by CMA in 17.4% (38/218) of fetuses and pathogenic CNVs in 5.0% (11/218). Notably, CMA detected CNVs in 10.6% (23/218) of fetuses with normal karyotypes. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities by karyotyping was higher in bilateral than in unilateral VM (20.5% versus 6.5%), whereas the incidence detected by CMA was higher in NIVM than in IVM (21.4% versus 10.3%; both P < 0.05). In NIVM, CMA provided an additional detection rate of 11.4% (16/140) and a detection rate of 10.0% for pathogenic CNVs and aneuploidies. Central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities were the most common other ultrasonic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS CMA is highly recommended for prenatal diagnosis of fetal VM together with karyotyping, especially in fetuses with bilateral VM and NIVM with abnormal CNS findings. Further study is necessary to explore the relationships between genotypes and phenotypes to facilitate prenatal diagnosis of fetal VM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxian Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixian Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siping Liu
- Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyan Li
- Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xujie Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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28
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High-resolution chromosomal microarray analysis for copy-number variations in high-functioning autism reveals large aberration typical for intellectual disability. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 127:81-94. [PMID: 31838600 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Copy-number variants (CNVs), in particular rare, small and large ones (< 1% frequency) and those encompassing brain-related genes, have been shown to be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disability (ID). However, the vast majority of CNV findings lack specificity with respect to autistic or developmental-delay phenotypes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the size and frequency of CNVs in high-functioning ASD (HFA) without ID compared with a random population sample and with published findings in ASD and ID. To investigate the role of CNVs for the "core symptoms" of high-functioning autism, we included in the present exploratory study only patients with HFA without ID. The aim was to test whether HFA have similar large rare (> 1 Mb) CNVs as reported in ASD and ID. We performed high-resolution chromosomal microarray analysis in 108 children and adolescents with HFA without ID. There was no significant difference in the overall number of rare CNVs compared to 124 random population samples. However, patients with HFA carried significantly more frequently CNVs containing brain-related genes. Surprisingly, six HFA patients carried very large CNVs known to be typically present in ID. Our findings provide new evidence that not only small, but also large CNVs affecting several key genes contribute to the genetic etiology/risk of HFA without affecting their intellectual ability.
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Extrusion pump ABCC1 was first linked with nonsyndromic hearing loss in humans by stepwise genetic analysis. Genet Med 2019; 21:2744-2754. [PMID: 31273342 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the genetic etiology of deafness in a family (HN-SD01) with autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL). METHODS Stepwise genetic analysis was performed on family HN-SD01, including hotspot variant screening, exome sequencing, virtual hearing loss gene panel, and genome-wide linkage analysis. Targeted region sequencing was used to screen ABCC1 in additional cases. Cochlear expression of Abcc1 was evaluated by messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Computational prediction, immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry were conducted to uncover functional consequences of candidate variants. RESULTS Stepwise genetic analysis identified a heterozygous missense variant, ABCC1:c.1769A>G (p.Asn590Ser), cosegregating with phenotype in HN-SD01. Screening of ABCC1 in an additional 217 cases identified candidate pathogenic variants c.692G>A (p.Gly231Asp) in a sporadic case and c.887A>T (p.Glu296Val) in a familial proband. Abcc1 expressed in stria vascularis and auditory nerve of mouse cochlea. Immunofluorescence showed p.Asn590Ser distributed in cytomembrane and cytoplasm, while wild type was shown only in cytomembrane. Besides, it generated unstable mRNA and decreased efflux capacity of ABCC1. CONCLUSION Stepwise genetic analysis is efficient to analyze the genetic etiology of NSHL. Variants in ABCC1 are linked with NSHL and suggest an important role of extruding pumps in maintaining cochlea function.
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16p13.11-p12.3 Microdeletion identified in a patient with sagittal craniosynostosis and developmental delay. Clin Dysmorphol 2019; 28:195-197. [PMID: 31205052 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kloth K, Renner S, Burmester G, Steinemann D, Pabst B, Lorenz B, Simon R, Kolbe V, Hempel M, Rosenberger G. 16p13.11 microdeletion uncovers loss‐of‐function of a
MYH11
missense variant in a patient with megacystis‐microcolon‐intestinal‐hypoperistalsis syndrome. Clin Genet 2019; 96:85-90. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Kloth
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Sina Renner
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Gunter Burmester
- Department of PediatricsAltonaer Kinderkrankenhaus Hamburg Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Department of Human GeneticsMedical Center Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Brigitte Pabst
- Department of Human GeneticsMedical Center Hannover Hannover Germany
| | | | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Verena Kolbe
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Georg Rosenberger
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
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32
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Smith AE, Jnah A, Newberry D. Chromosome 16p13.11 Microdeletion Syndrome in a Newborn: A Case Study. Neonatal Netw 2019; 37:303-309. [PMID: 30567812 DOI: 10.1891/0730-0832.37.5.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 16p13.11 microdeletion syndrome is a rare copy number variant that carries increased risks for complications in the neonatal period and throughout the life span. Clinical manifestations and associated defects known to present in the neonatal period include motor delay, facial dysmorphisms, microcephaly, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and congenital heart defects. Management in the neonatal period focuses on associated comorbidities, including motor delay with or without GERD, which commonly manifests as feeding difficulties. Life span implications of chromosome 16p13.11 microdeletion syndrome include developmental, speech, and language delay; psychiatric and behavioral problems; seizure disorders; and, less commonly, obesity. Nursing assessment is critical to the early identification of nonspecific abnormalities associated with de novo genetic disorders. Early identification and diagnosis of chromosome 16p13.11 microdeletion syndrome are critical to optimizing outcomes throughout infancy and across the life span. We present a case report of an infant diagnosed with chromosome 16p13.11 microdeletion. A discussion of genetic influences, associated clinical manifestations, diagnostics, management, and health promotion strategies are presented to establish core knowledge of chromosome 16p13.11 microdeletion.
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Allach El Khattabi L, Heide S, Caberg JH, Andrieux J, Doco Fenzy M, Vincent-Delorme C, Callier P, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Afenjar A, Boute-Benejean O, Cordier MP, Faivre L, Francannet C, Gerard M, Goldenberg A, Masurel-Paulet A, Mosca-Boidron AL, Marle N, Moncla A, Le Meur N, Mathieu-Dramard M, Plessis G, Lesca G, Rossi M, Edery P, Delahaye-Duriez A, De Pontual L, Tabet AC, Lebbar A, Suiro L, Ioos C, Natiq A, Chafai Elalaoui S, Missirian C, Receveur A, François-Fiquet C, Garnier P, Yardin C, Laroche C, Vago P, Sanlaville D, Dupont JM, Benzacken B, Pipiras E. 16p13.11 microduplication in 45 new patients: refined clinical significance and genotype-phenotype correlations. J Med Genet 2018; 57:301-307. [PMID: 30287593 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical significance of 16p13.11 duplications remains controversial while frequently detected in patients with developmental delay (DD), intellectual deficiency (ID) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previously reported patients were not or poorly characterised. The absence of consensual recommendations leads to interpretation discrepancy and makes genetic counselling challenging. This study aims to decipher the genotype-phenotype correlations to improve genetic counselling and patients' medical care. METHODS We retrospectively analysed data from 16 013 patients referred to 12 genetic centers for DD, ID or ASD, and who had a chromosomal microarray analysis. The referring geneticists of patients for whom a 16p13.11 duplication was detected were asked to complete a questionnaire for detailed clinical and genetic data for the patients and their parents. RESULTS Clinical features are mainly speech delay and learning disabilities followed by ASD. A significant risk of cardiovascular disease was noted. About 90% of the patients inherited the duplication from a parent. At least one out of four parents carrying the duplication displayed a similar phenotype to the propositus. Genotype-phenotype correlations show no impact of the size of the duplicated segment on the severity of the phenotype. However, NDE1 and miR-484 seem to have an essential role in the neurocognitive phenotype. CONCLUSION Our study shows that 16p13.11 microduplications are likely pathogenic when detected in the context of DD/ID/ASD and supports an essential role of NDE1 and miR-484 in the neurocognitive phenotype. Moreover, it suggests the need for cardiac evaluation and follow-up and a large study to evaluate the aortic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laïla Allach El Khattabi
- Cytogenetics department, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Medical school, Paris, France.,Department of Development, Reproduction and Cancer, Cochin Research Institute, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Nuclear Lymphocyte Biology, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Solveig Heide
- Cytogenetics department, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Medical school, Paris, France
| | | | - Joris Andrieux
- Genetics department, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Martine Doco Fenzy
- Genetics department, CHU Reims, Medical school IFR53, EA3801, Reims, France
| | - Caroline Vincent-Delorme
- Genetics department, Guy Fontaine Medical center, CLAD Nord de France, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU Lille, CH Arras, Arras, France
| | | | - Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud
- Genetics and Embryology department, Armand-Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Neuropediatrics department, Armand-Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris; Reference Center for cerebellar malformations, Paris, France
| | - Odile Boute-Benejean
- Genetics department, Guy Fontaine Medical Center, CLAD Nord de France, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | - Marion Gerard
- Genetics department, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Anne Moncla
- Medical Genetics department, CHU Timone enfants, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Le Meur
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive biology and Histology, CHU de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | | | | | - Gaetan Lesca
- Genetics department, GH Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,GENDEV Team, CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028; Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Genetics department, GH Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,GENDEV Team, CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028; Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Genetics department, GH Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,GENDEV Team, CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028; Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Andrée Delahaye-Duriez
- Department of Histology Embryology and Cytogenetics, Jean Verdier Hospital; Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH Bobigny; PROTECT, INSERM, Paris Diderot University, Bondy, France.,Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Loïc De Pontual
- Pediatrics department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 13 University, Bondy, France
| | - Anne Claude Tabet
- Genetics department, CHU Robert Debré, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Aziza Lebbar
- Cytogenetics department, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Medical school, Paris, France
| | - Lesley Suiro
- Neuropediatrics department, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Garches, France
| | - Christine Ioos
- Neuropediatrics department, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Garches, France
| | - Abdelhafid Natiq
- Medical Genetics department, Institut National d'Hygiène, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Chantal Missirian
- Medical Genetics department, CHU Timone enfants, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Aline Receveur
- Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology department, CHU d'Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Caroline François-Fiquet
- Plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, Maison Blanche Hospital, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France
| | | | - Catherine Yardin
- Department of Histology, Cytology, Cytogenetics, Cell Biology and Reproduction, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Cécile Laroche
- Pediatrics department, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Philippe Vago
- Cytogenetics department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, ERTICA, Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Genetics department, GH Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,GENDEV Team, CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028; Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Jean Michel Dupont
- Cytogenetics department, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Medical school, Paris, France.,Department of Development, Reproduction and Cancer, Cochin Research Institute, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Benzacken
- Department of Histology Embryology and Cytogenetics, Jean Verdier Hospital; Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH Bobigny; PROTECT, INSERM, Paris Diderot University, Bondy, France
| | - Eva Pipiras
- Department of Histology Embryology and Cytogenetics, Jean Verdier Hospital; Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH Bobigny; PROTECT, INSERM, Paris Diderot University, Bondy, France
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34
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Lew AR, Kellermayer TR, Sule BP, Szigeti K. Copy Number Variations in Adult-onset Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:420-430. [PMID: 30258274 PMCID: PMC6128389 DOI: 10.2174/1389202919666180330153842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-onset neuropsychiatric diseases are one of the most challenging areas of medicine. While symptomatic treatments are available, for most of these diseases the exact pathomechanism is not known, thus, disease-modifying therapies are difficult to conceptualize and find. The two most common and best studied neuropsychiatric diseases affecting higher cortical functions in humans are schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease; both diseases have high heritability, however, the genetic architecture is not fully elucidated. Robust Single Nucleotide Variant (SNV) studies have identified several loci with modest effect sizes. While Copy Number Variants (CNV) make an important contribution to genetic variation, CNV GWAS suffer from dependence on mainly SNP arrays with underperforming genotyping accuracy. We evaluated dynamic range of the assays for three types of CNV loci, including biallelic deletion, high copy gain, and fusion gene, to assess the depth of exploration of the contribution of CNVs to disease susceptibility. Despite the suboptimal genotyping, novel mechanisms are emerging and further large-scale studies with genotyping assays optimized for CNV detection are needed. Furthermore, the CHRFAM7A human-specific fusion gene association warrants large scale locus specific association studies in AD, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Lew
- Department of Neurology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY14203, USA
| | | | - Balint P Sule
- Department of Neurology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY14203, USA
| | - Kinga Szigeti
- Department of Neurology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY14203, USA
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35
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Catatonia in Children and Adolescents: A High Rate of Genetic Conditions. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:518-525.e1. [PMID: 29960699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric catatonia is a rare and severe neuropsychiatric syndrome. We previously reported, in 58 children and adolescents with catatonia, a high prevalence (up to 20%) of medical conditions, some of which have specific treatments.1 Here we extend the cohort inclusion and report the first systematic molecular genetic data for this syndrome. Among the 89 patients consecutively admitted for catatonia (according to the pediatric catatonia rating scale)2 between 1993 and 2014, we identify 51 patients (57.3%) who had genetic laboratory testing, of whom 37 had single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray tests for CNVs and 14 had routine genetic explorations (karyotyping and searches for specific chromosomal abnormalities by fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH]) or a specific diagnosis test based on clinical history. To assess the causality of observed genetic findings in each patient, we used a causality assessment score (CAUS)3 including 5 causality-support criteria on a 3-point scale (0 = absent; 1 = moderate; 2 = high): the existence of similar cases in the literature; the presence of a clinical contributing factor; the presence of a biological contributing factor; the presence of other paraclinical symptoms; and response to a specific treatment related to the suspected genetic or medical condition.
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36
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de Sousa P, Kennedy A, Lalani HHS. A novel unbalanced translocation between the short arms of chromosomes 6 and 16 in a newborn girl: Clinical features and management. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:1282-1286. [PMID: 29988690 PMCID: PMC6028415 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The reporting of previously undescribed genetic mutations and resulting clinical phenotypes guides management and enables a more accurate prognosis for clinicians treating newborns with similar features. Previous cases of 6p deletions and 16p duplications have been described as separate entities. This patient presents with both and has a unique phenotype.
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37
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Behnert A, Auber B, Steinemann D, Frühwald MC, Huisinga C, Hussein K, Kratz C, Ripperger T. KBG syndrome patient due to 16q24.3 microdeletion presenting with a paratesticular rhabdoid tumor: Coincidence or cancer predisposition? Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1449-1454. [PMID: 29696793 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
KBG syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by constitutive haploinsufficiency of the ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 11 (ANKRD11) being the result of either loss-of-function gene variants or 16q24.3 microdeletions. The syndrome is characterized by a variable clinical phenotype comprising a distinct facial gestalt and variable neurological involvement. ANKRD11 is frequently affected by loss of heterozygosity in cancer. It influences the ligand-dependent transcriptional activation of nuclear receptors and tumor suppressive function of tumor protein TP53. ANKRD11 thus serves as a candidate tumor suppressor gene and it has been speculated that its haploinsufficiency may lead to an increased cancer risk in KBG syndrome patients. While no systematic data are available, we report here on the second KBG syndrome patient who developed a malignancy. At 17 years of age, the patient was diagnosed with a left-sided paratesticular extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor. Genetic investigations identified a somatic truncating gene variant in SMARCB1, which was not present in the germline, and a constitutional de novo 16q24.3 microdeletion leading to a loss of the entire ANKRD11 locus. Thus, KBG syndrome was diagnosed, which was in line with the clinical phenotype of the patient. At present, no specific measures for cancer surveillance can be recommended for KBG syndrome patients. However, a systematic follow-up and inclusion of KBG syndrome patients in registries (e.g., those currently established for cancer prone syndromes) will provide empiric data to support or deny an increased cancer risk in KBG syndrome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Behnert
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd Auber
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael C Frühwald
- Swabian Children's Cancer Center, Children's Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Huisinga
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kais Hussein
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Kratz
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim Ripperger
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Perea J, García JL, Pérez J, Rueda D, Arriba M, Rodríguez Y, Urioste M, González-Sarmiento R. NOMO-1 gene is deleted in early-onset colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:24429-24436. [PMID: 28416736 PMCID: PMC5421859 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize clinical features of a recurrent alteration in 16p13.12-p13.11 in Colorectal Cancer (CRC), mainly in Early-onset subgroup (EOCRC), and to assess the status of NOMO1, a gene located in that region, we analyzed differential clinicopathological, familial and molecular features of CRC subsets with and without alterations in the 16p13.12-p13.11, in global and EOCRC groups. We confirmed the region by fluorescence in-situ hybridization, and Quantitative Real-Time PCR analyzed the status of NOMO1 in different age-of-onset and Microsatellite Instability (MSI)-status CRC subsets. Both age-of-onset subsets were subsequently extended to further confirm NOMO1 gene changes. 16p13.12-p13.11 alterations were observed in 23.3% of CRCs, and was detected more frequently in EOCRC (33.3%) than in late-onset CRC (16.3%). The group with deletion in 16p showed a higher frequency of females and left-colon locations; a better prognosis; and higher Chromosomal Instability. Within the primary EOCRC population, 34 out of 34 of tumours showed a homozygous deletion in NOMO1, while in the late-onset population only 2 of the 17 tumours (11.7%) showed it. In the extended group, we found 61 out of 75 EOCRC patients (81.3%) with homozygous deletion and 7 patients (9.3%) with heterozygous deletion of NOMO1; moreover, in the new 50 late-onset patients, the proportions of deletions decreased. Microsatellite-Stable (MSS) EOCRC showed a very high proportion of homozygous loss of NOMO1 (54 of 59 cases, 91.5%), while the deletion was observed in only 7 out of 16 MSI cases. Deletion of NOMO1 is a molecular marker predominantly associated with EOCRC, particularly MSS subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Perea
- Surgery Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Digestive Cancer Research Group, 12 de Octubre Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis García
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Medicine Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca, SACYL, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jessica Pérez
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Medicine Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca, SACYL, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Daniel Rueda
- Digestive Cancer Research Group, 12 de Octubre Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Arriba
- Digestive Cancer Research Group, 12 de Octubre Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Rodríguez
- Pathology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Urioste
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Medicine Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca, SACYL, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
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Karunanithi Z, Vestergaard EM, Lauridsen MH. Transposition of the great arteries - a phenotype associated with 16p11.2 duplications? World J Cardiol 2017; 9:848-852. [PMID: 29317992 PMCID: PMC5746628 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i12.848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic analyses of patients with transposition of the great arteries have identified rare copy number variations, suggesting that they may be significant to the aetiology of the disease. This paper reports the identification of a 16p11.2 microduplication, a variation that has yet to be reported in association with transposition of the great arteries. The 16p11.2 microduplication is associated with autism spectrum disorder and developmental delay, but with highly variable phenotypic effects. Autism and attention deficit disorders are observed more frequently in children with congenital heart disease than in the general population. Neonatal surgery is proposed as a risk factor, but as yet unidentified genetic abnormalities should also be taken into account. Thus, congenital heart abnormalities may constitute a part of the phenotypic spectrum associated with duplications at 16p11.2. We suggest chromosomal microarray be considered part of the diagnostic work-up in patients with transposition of the great arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarmiga Karunanithi
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | | | - Mette H Lauridsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
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40
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Nattel SN, Adrianzen L, Kessler EC, Andelfinger G, Dehaes M, Côté-Corriveau G, Trelles MP. Congenital Heart Disease and Neurodevelopment: Clinical Manifestations, Genetics, Mechanisms, and Implications. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:1543-1555. [PMID: 29173597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and psychiatric conditions. These include cognitive, adaptive, motor, speech, behavioural, and executive functioning deficits, as well as autism spectrum disorder and psychiatric conditions. Structural and functional neuroimaging have demonstrated brain abnormalities in young children with CHD before undergoing surgical repair, likely as a result of an in utero developmental insult. Surgical factors do not seem to play a significant role in neurodevelopmental outcomes. Specific genetic abnormalities, particularly copy number variants, have been increasingly implicated in both CHD and NDDs. Variations in genes involved in apolipoprotein E (APOE) production, the Wnt signalling pathway, and histone modification, as well as in the 1q21.1, 16p13.1-11, and 8p23.1 genetic loci, have been associated with CHD and NDDs and are important targets for future research. Understanding these associations is important for risk stratification, disease classification, improved screening, and pharmacologic management of individuals with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Nattel
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Seaver Autism Center at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura Adrianzen
- Department of Psychiatry, Seaver Autism Center at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal and Ste-Justine Hospital University Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dehaes
- Department of Radiology, Radio-oncology, and Nuclear Medicine, University of Montreal and Ste-Justine Hospital University Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Côté-Corriveau
- Department of Radiology, Radio-oncology, and Nuclear Medicine, University of Montreal and Ste-Justine Hospital University Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Pilar Trelles
- Department of Psychiatry, Seaver Autism Center at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
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41
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Use of clinical chromosomal microarray in Chinese patients with autism spectrum disorder-implications of a copy number variation involving DPP10. Mol Autism 2017; 8:31. [PMID: 28670437 PMCID: PMC5485587 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-017-0136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is recommended as a first-tier genetic test for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, interpretation of results can often be challenging partly due to the fact that copy number variants (CNVs) in non-European ASD patients are not well studied. To address this literature gap, we report the CNV findings in a cohort of Chinese children with ASD. Methods DNA samples were obtained from 258 Chinese ASD patients recruited from a child assessment center between January 2011 and August 2014. aCGH was performed using NimbleGen-CGX-135k or Agilent-CGX 60k oligonucleotide array. Results were classified based on existing guidelines and literature. Results Ten pathogenic CNVs and one likely pathogenic CNV were found in nine patients, with an overall diagnostic yield of 3.5%. A 138 kb duplication involving 3′ exons of DPP10 (arr[GRCh37] 2q14.1(116534689_116672358)x3), reported to be associated with ASD, was identified in one patient (0.39%). The same CNV was reported as variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in DECIPHER database. Multiple individuals of typical development carrying a similar duplication were identified among our ancestry-matched control with a frequency of 6/653 (0.92%) as well as from literature and genomic databases. Conclusions The DPP10 duplication is likely a benign CNV polymorphism enriched in Southern Chinese with a population frequency of ~1%. This highlights the importance of using ancestry-matched controls in interpretation of aCGH findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13229-017-0136-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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42
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Bradshaw NJ, Hayashi MAF. NDE1 and NDEL1 from genes to (mal)functions: parallel but distinct roles impacting on neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric illness. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1191-1210. [PMID: 27742926 PMCID: PMC11107680 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2395-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NDE1 (Nuclear Distribution Element 1, also known as NudE) and NDEL1 (NDE-Like 1, also known as NudEL) are the mammalian homologues of the fungus nudE gene, with important and at least partially overlapping roles for brain development. While a large number of studies describe the various properties and functions of these proteins, many do not directly compare the similarities and differences between NDE1 and NDEL1. Although sharing a high degree structural similarity and multiple common cellular roles, each protein presents several distinct features that justify their parallel but also unique functions. Notably both proteins have key binding partners in dynein, LIS1 and DISC1, which impact on neurodevelopmental and psychiatric illnesses. Both are implicated in schizophrenia through genetic and functional evidence, with NDE1 also strongly implicated in microcephaly, as well as other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions through copy number variation, while NDEL1 possesses an oligopeptidase activity with a unique potential as a biomarker in schizophrenia. In this review, we aim to give a comprehensive overview of the various cellular roles of these proteins in a "bottom-up" manner, from their biochemistry and protein-protein interactions on the molecular level, up to the consequences for neuronal differentiation, and ultimately to their importance for correct cortical development, with direct consequences for the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental and mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Bradshaw
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Mirian A F Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
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43
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Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors may be similar in certain CHD. It has been widely accepted that it is the cumulative effect of these risk factors that results in disease. Pulmonary atresia is a rare type of complex cyanotic CHD with a poor prognosis. Understanding the molecular mechanism of pulmonary atresia is essential for future diagnosis, prevention, and therapeutic approaches. In this article, we reviewed several related copy number variants and related genetic mutations, which were identified in patients with pulmonary atresia, including pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.
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44
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Concurrent occurrence of an inherited 16p13.11 microduplication and a de novo 19p13.3 microdeletion involving MAP2K2 in a patient with developmental delay, distinctive facial features, and lambdoid synostosis. Eur J Med Genet 2016; 59:559-563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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45
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Copy number variations in 375 patients with oesophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 24:1715-1723. [PMID: 27436264 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal atresia (OA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TOF) are rare anatomical congenital malformations whose cause is unknown in over 90% of patients. A genetic background is suggested, and among the reported genetic defects are copy number variations (CNVs). We hypothesized that CNVs contribute to OA/TOF development. Quantifying their prevalence could aid in genetic diagnosis and clinical care strategies. Therefore, we profiled 375 patients in a combined Dutch, American and German cohort via genomic microarray and compared the CNV profiles with their unaffected parents and published control cohorts. We identified 167 rare CNVs containing genes (frequency<0.0005 in our in-house cohort). Eight rare CNVs - in six patients - were de novo, including one CNV previously associated with oesophageal disease. (hg19 chr7:g.(143820444_143839360)_(159119486_159138663)del) 1.55% of isolated OA/TOF patients and 1.62% of patients with additional congenital anomalies had de novo CNVs. Furthermore, three (15q13.3, 16p13.3 and 22q11.2) susceptibility loci were identified based on their overlap with known OA/TOF-associated CNV syndromes and overlap with loci in published CNV association case-control studies in developmental delay. Our study suggests that CNVs contribute to OA/TOF development. In addition to the identified likely deleterious de novo CNVs, we detected 167 rare CNVs. Although not directly disease-causing, these CNVs might be of interest, as they can act as a modifier in a multiple hit model, or as the second hit in a recessive condition.
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46
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Ernst C. Proliferation and Differentiation Deficits are a Major Convergence Point for Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Trends Neurosci 2016; 39:290-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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47
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Bradshaw NJ. Cloning of the promoter of NDE1, a gene implicated in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders through copy number variation. Neuroscience 2016; 324:262-70. [PMID: 26975893 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Copy number variation at 16p13.11 has been associated with a range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions, with duplication of this region being more common in individuals with schizophrenia. A prominent candidate gene within this locus is NDE1 (Nuclear Distribution Element 1) given its known importance for neurodevelopment, previous associations with mental illness and its well characterized interaction with the Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein. In order to accurately model the effect of NDE1 duplication, it is important to first gain an understanding of how the gene is expressed. The complex promoter system of NDE1, which produces three distinct transcripts, each encoding for the same full-length NDE1 protein (also known as NudE), was therefore cloned and tested in human cell lines. The promoter for the longest of these three NDE1 transcripts was found to be responsible for the majority of expression in these systems, with its extended 5' untranslated region (UTR) having a limiting effect on its expression. These results thus highlight and clone the promoter elements required to generate systems in which the NDE1 protein is exogenously expressed under its native promoter, providing a biologically relevant model of 16p13.11 duplication in major mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Bradshaw
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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48
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Brownstein CA, Kleiman RJ, Engle EC, Towne MC, D'Angelo EJ, Yu TW, Beggs AH, Picker J, Fogler JM, Carroll D, Schmitt RCO, Wolff RR, Shen Y, Lip V, Bilguvar K, Kim A, Tembulkar S, O'Donnell K, Gonzalez-Heydrich J. Overlapping 16p13.11 deletion and gain of copies variations associated with childhood onset psychosis include genes with mechanistic implications for autism associated pathways: Two case reports. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170A:1165-73. [PMID: 26887912 PMCID: PMC4833544 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Copy number variability at 16p13.11 has been associated with intellectual disability, autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Adolescent/adult- onset psychosis has been reported in a subset of these cases. Here, we report on two children with CNVs in 16p13.11 that developed psychosis before the age of 7. The genotype and neuropsychiatric abnormalities of these patients highlight several overlapping genes that have possible mechanistic relevance to pathways previously implicated in Autism Spectrum Disorders, including the mTOR signaling and the ubiquitin-proteasome cascades. A careful screening of the 16p13.11 region is warranted in patients with childhood onset psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Brownstein
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robin J Kleiman
- Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth C Engle
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Meghan C Towne
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugene J D'Angelo
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuropsychiatry Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy W Yu
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alan H Beggs
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Picker
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason M Fogler
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Devon Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuropsychiatry Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel C O Schmitt
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert R Wolff
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yiping Shen
- Claritas Genomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Genetics, Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Va Lip
- Claritas Genomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - April Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuropsychiatry Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sahil Tembulkar
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuropsychiatry Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kyle O'Donnell
- Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuropsychiatry Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Neuropsychiatry Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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49
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Reiner O, Karzbrun E, Kshirsagar A, Kaibuchi K. Regulation of neuronal migration, an emerging topic in autism spectrum disorders. J Neurochem 2015; 136:440-56. [PMID: 26485324 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) encompass a group of neurodevelopmental diseases that demonstrate strong heritability, however, the inheritance is not simple and many genes have been associated with these disorders. ASD is regarded as a neurodevelopmental disorder, and abnormalities at different developmental stages are part of the disease etiology. This review provides a general background on neuronal migration during brain development and discusses recent advancements in the field connecting ASD and aberrant neuronal migration. We propose that neuronal migration impairment may be an important common pathophysiology in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This review provides a general background on neuronal migration during brain development and discusses recent advancements in the field connecting ASD and aberrant neuronal migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orly Reiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Karzbrun
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aditya Kshirsagar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa, Nagoya, Japan
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50
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Noor A, Stavropoulos DJ. Current Tools for Interpretation of Genomic Copy Number Variants. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-015-0078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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