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Olorundare OE, Adeneye AA, Akinsola AO, Ajayi AM, Atolani O, Soyemi SS, Mgbehoma AI, Albrecht RM. Anti-apoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms may underlie the abrogative potential of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. Leaf extract and fractions against trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:200-214. [PMID: 38313815 PMCID: PMC10837095 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical use of trastuzumab (TZM), has been widely associated with increased incidence of cardiotoxicity. Ocimum gratissimum Linn. is a household medicinal plant popularly used for treating inflammatory conditions. In this study, we investigated the abrogative potential of 100 mg/kg/day of the ethanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. (OG) and its petroleum ether (PEOG), ethyl acetate (EAOG) and ethanol (EOG) fractions in TZM intoxicated Wistar rats for 7 days using anthropometric, biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical endpoints. In addition, secondary metabolite constituents in OG and its fractions were determined through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The study results showed that oral pretreatments with OG and OG fractions as well as the fixed dose valsartan-lisinopril (VAL-LSP) combination effectively ameliorated and restore nearly normal levels the TZM-altered plasma cardiac troponin I and antioxidant profile which were corroborated by histopathological and immunohistochemical findings as indicated by the inhibition of TZM-induced activation of caspases-3 and - 9 and profound upregulation of BCL-2 expression. Phytoscan of OG and its fractions showed the presence of thymol and in high amount. Overall, our findings revealed the cardioprotective potentials of OG, OG fractions and fixed dose VAL-LSP combination against TZM-induced cardiotoxicity which probably was mediated via abrogation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke Esan Olorundare
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Adejuwon Adewale Adeneye
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, 1–5 Oba Akinjobi Way, G.R.A., Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Akinyele Olubiyi Akinsola
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olubunmi Atolani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Sokunle Soyemi
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, 1–5 Oba Akinjobi Way, G.R.A., Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Alban Ikenna Mgbehoma
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, 1–5 Oba Akinjobi Way, G.R.A., Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ralph Muehl Albrecht
- Animal Sciences, 1675 Observatory Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Qureshi KA, Parvez A, Uzzaman Khan MM, Aspatwar A, Atiya A, Elhassan GO, Khan RA, Erattil Ahammed SY, Khan WU, Jaremko M. Exploring nature's hidden treasure: Unraveling the untapped phytochemical and pharmacological potentials of Clinopodium vulgare L. - A hidden gem in the Lamiaceae family. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24781. [PMID: 38312627 PMCID: PMC10834805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Folk medicine, rooted in historical practice, has long been used for medicinal purposes, emphasizing the need to ensure the safety, quality, and efficacy of herbal medicines. This imperative has grown over time, prompting collaborative efforts to document historical records and preserve invaluable knowledge of medicinal plants. The Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family, renowned for its rich assortment of medicinal plants characterized by high concentrations of volatile oils, stands out in this regard. This review focuses on Clinopodium vulgare (C. vulgare) L., commonly known as wild basil or basil thyme, a significant species within the Lamiaceae family found across diverse global regions. C. vulgare boasts a storied history of application in treating various ailments, such as gastric ulcers, diabetes, and inflammation, dating back to ancient times. Rigorous research has substantiated its pharmacological properties, revealing its antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antihypertensive, and enzyme-inhibitory effects. This comprehensive review provides an insightful overview of the Lamiaceae family, elucidates the extraction methods employed to obtain medicinal compounds, explores the phytoconstituents present in C. vulgare, and systematically details its diverse pharmacological properties. Additionally, the review delves into considerations of toxicity. By synthesizing this wealth of information, this study opens avenues for the potential therapeutic applications of C. vulgare. The practical value of this research lies in its contribution to the understanding of medicinal plants, mainly focusing on the pharmacological potential of C. vulgare. This exploration enriches our knowledge of traditional medicine and paves the way for innovative therapeutic approaches, offering promising prospects for future drug development. As the demand for natural remedies continues to increase, this work provides a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders in herbal medicine and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Adil Parvez
- NextGen Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 110092, India
| | - Mohd Masih Uzzaman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal Osman Elhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakkeela Yusuf Erattil Ahammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasi Uzzaman Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Kazemi F, Mohebbati R, Shafei MN. Antihypertensive and Antioxidant Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Asafetida in Renovascular Hypertensive Rats. SAUDI JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES AND TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 34:S86-S95. [PMID: 38995276 DOI: 10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_9_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the effect of an aqueous extract of asafetida on acute angiotensin II hypertensive rats was evaluated. The present study evaluated the antihypertensive and antioxidant effects of asafetida on a rat model of renovascular hypertension (RVH) using four groups. RVH was induced by clipping the renal artery; the sham group underwent surgery but without clipping. The RVH rats received losartan (Los, an AT1 receptor antagonist) or asafetida by gavage for 4 weeks. On the 28th day, the femoral artery was cannulated, and the systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded. Finally, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and total thiol content in the kidney and heart tissues were measured. In RVH rats, SBP and MAP significantly increased compared with the control. Los and the extract significantly reduced the changes in SBP, MAP, and HR that were induced in the RVH rats (P <0.05-0.001). In RVH rats, levels of MDA significantly increased and the content of total thiol and SOD decreased in both the heart and kidney tissues. Los plus the extract significantly decreased MDA and increased total thiol and SOD in the heart and kidney tissues. We concluded that an aqueous extract of asafetida gum has antihypertensive and antioxidant effects in the RVH rat model. The effect of the extract is similar to that of Los, which suggests that this effect of asafetida is mediated via an effect on the angiotensin Type I receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Kazemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Mohebbati
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naser Shafei
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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An Overview of Cardiotonic Medicinal Plants from the Perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp-129338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Cardiovascular disorders are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in people with diabetes. Due to synthetic drugs’ adverse effects, new medicines are needed. Evidence Acquisition: Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) is one of the oldest medical systems. In this article, we first introduce a list of cardiotonic medicinal plants based on ITM. Then we review the cardio-related effects of these plants based on electronic databases. Results: Among the introduced medicinal plants from ITM, Phyllanthus emblica L., Rosa canina L., Ocimum basilicum L., and Melissa officinalis L. have cardiotonic effects. Also, P. emblica, O. basilicum, M. officinalis, Citrus medica L., Malus domestica Borkh., Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton, and R. canina have cardioprotective effects and possess several biological activities that reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. Conclusions: The cardiotonic medicinal plants based on ITM have excellent value; several pharmacological studies have proved some of their cardioprotective and cardiotonic effects. The other plants’ potential for improving the heart’s contractile power as a cardiotonic drug must be evaluated in further pharmacological and clinical studies.
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Kamyab R, Namdar H, Torbati M, Ghojazadeh M, Araj-Khodaei M, Fazljou SMB. Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Hypertension: A Review. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:601-617. [PMID: 34888207 PMCID: PMC8642800 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine is a comprehensive term for ancient, culture-bound health care practices that existed before the use of science in health matters and has been used for centuries. Medicinal plants are used to treat patients with cardiovascular diseases, which may occur due to ailments of the heart and blood vessels and comprise heart attacks, cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, and heart failure. Hypertension causes difficulty in the functioning of the heart and is involved in atherosclerosis, raising the risk of heart attack and stroke. Many drugs are available for managing these diseases, though common antihypertensive drugs are generally accompanied by many side effects. Medicinal herbs have several active substances with pharmacological and prophylactic properties that can be used in the treatment of hypertension. This review presents an overview of some medicinal plants that have been shown to have hypotensive or antihypertensive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raha Kamyab
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Namdar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghojazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine (RCEBM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Araj-Khodaei
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kumar G, Dey SK, Kundu S. Herbs and their bioactive ingredients in cardio-protection: Underlying molecular mechanisms and evidences from clinical studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153753. [PMID: 34610528 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants or herbs produce a bounty of bioactive phytochemicals. These phytochemicals can influence a variety of physiological events related to cardiovascular health through multiple underlying mechanisms, such as their role as antioxidative, anti-ischemic, anti-proliferative, hypotensive, anti-thrombotic, and anti-hypercholesterolemic agents. PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to summarize and connect evidences supporting the use of phytotherapy in the management of some of the most common cardiovascular impairments, molecular mechanisms underlying cardio-protection mediated by herbs, and clinical studies which are positively linked with the use of herbs in cardiovascular biology. Additionally, we also describe several adverse effects associated with some of the herbal plants and their products to provide a balanced set of studies in favor or against phytotherapy in cardiovascular health that may help global discourses on this matter. METHODS Studies relating to the use of medicinal plants were mined by strategically searching scientific databases including Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. Investigations involving approximately 175 articles including reviews, research articles, meta-analyses, and cross-sectional and observational studies were retrieved and analyzed in line with the stated purpose of this study. RESULTS A positive correlation between the use of medicinal plants and cardiovascular health was observed. While maintaining cardiovascular physiology, medicinal plants and their derivatives seem to govern a variety of cellular mechanisms involved in vasoconstriction and vasorelaxation, which in turn, are important aspects of cardiovascular homeostasis. Furthermore, a variety of studies including clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, and meta-analyses have also supported the anti-hypertensive and thus, cardio-protective effects, of medicinal plants. Apart from this, evidence is also available for the potential drawbacks of several herbs and their products indicating that the unsupervised use of many herbs may lead to severe health issues. CONCLUSIONS The cardio-protective outcomes of medicinal plants and their derivatives are supported by ever-increasing studies, while evidences exist for the potential drawbacks of some of the herbs. A balanced view about the use of medicinal plants and their derivative in cardiovascular biology thus needs to be outlined by researchers and the medical community. The novelty and exhaustiveness of the present manuscript is reflected by the detailed outline of the molecular basis of "herbal cardio-protection", active involvement of several herbs in ameliorating the cardiovascular status, adverse effects of medicinal plants, and the clinical studies considering the use of phytotherapy, all on a single platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India; Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India; Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Suman Kundu
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India; Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
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Paulin FV, Palozi RAC, Lorençone BR, Macedo AL, Guarnier LP, Tirloni CAS, Romão PVM, Gasparotto Junior A, Silva DB. Prolonged Administration of Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. Prevents Impairment of Redox Status, Renal Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Damage in 2K1C-Hypertensive Rats by Inhibiting ACE Activity and NO-GMPC Pathway Activation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1579. [PMID: 34683872 PMCID: PMC8537958 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rudgea viburnoides is widely found in the Brazilian Cerrado, and commonly used in Brazilian folk medicine. In this study, we evaluated the effects of prolonged administration of the aqueous extract from R. viburnoides leaves (AERV) on impaired redox status, renal dysfunction, and cardiovascular damage in 2K1C hypertensive rats, as well as its chemical composition by LC-DAD-MS. Renal hypertension (two kidney, one-clip model) was surgically induced in male Wistar rats and AERV (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg) was administered orally five weeks after surgery for 28 days. Renal function was assessed and urinary electrolytes, pH, and density were measured. Electrocardiography, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Cardiac and mesenteric vascular beds were isolated for cardiac morphometry and evaluation of vascular reactivity, and aortic rings were also isolated for measurement of cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels, and the redox status was assessed. Prolonged treatment with AERV preserved urine excretion and electrolyte levels (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl-), reversed electrocardiographic changes, left ventricular hypertrophy and changes in vascular reactivity induced by hypertension, and reduced blood pressure and heart rate. This effect was associated with a positive modulation of tissue redox state, activation of the NO/cGMP pathway, and inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme. Glycosylated iridoids, chlorogenic acids, glycosylated triterpenes, O-glycosylated flavonols, and triterpenoid saponins were annotated. AERV showed no acute toxicity in female Wistar rats. Therefore, AERV treatment reduced the progression of cardiorenal disease in 2K1C hypertensive rats, which can be involved with an important attenuation of oxidative stress, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, and activation of the NO/cGMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Viana Paulin
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (F.V.P.); (A.L.M.)
| | - Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LaFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, Brazil; (R.A.C.P.); (B.R.L.); (L.P.G.); (C.A.S.T.); (P.V.M.R.); (A.G.J.)
| | - Bethânia Rosa Lorençone
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LaFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, Brazil; (R.A.C.P.); (B.R.L.); (L.P.G.); (C.A.S.T.); (P.V.M.R.); (A.G.J.)
| | - Arthur Ladeira Macedo
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (F.V.P.); (A.L.M.)
| | - Lucas Pires Guarnier
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LaFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, Brazil; (R.A.C.P.); (B.R.L.); (L.P.G.); (C.A.S.T.); (P.V.M.R.); (A.G.J.)
| | - Cleide Adriane Signor Tirloni
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LaFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, Brazil; (R.A.C.P.); (B.R.L.); (L.P.G.); (C.A.S.T.); (P.V.M.R.); (A.G.J.)
| | - Paulo Vitor Moreira Romão
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LaFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, Brazil; (R.A.C.P.); (B.R.L.); (L.P.G.); (C.A.S.T.); (P.V.M.R.); (A.G.J.)
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LaFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, Brazil; (R.A.C.P.); (B.R.L.); (L.P.G.); (C.A.S.T.); (P.V.M.R.); (A.G.J.)
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (F.V.P.); (A.L.M.)
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Surabhi G, Dhara S, Maneesh A, Chakraborty K, Valluru L, Chenchula SR. Polygalacto-fucopyranose from marine alga as a prospective antihypertensive lead. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:589-599. [PMID: 33933545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of marine alga-based polysaccharides as additional functional foods can endow with health benefits by diminishing the risk of chronic diseases. A polygalacto-fucopyranose characterized as [→1)-2, 4-SO3-α-Fucp-(3 → 1)-{2-SO3-α-Fucp-(3→}] with [(4 → 1)-6-OAc-β-Galp-(4→] side chain isolated from marine alga Sargassum wightii exhibited potential antihypertensive activity. Upon treatment with studied polygalactofucan (50 mg/kg BW), serum hypertension biomarkers troponin-T (1.3 pg/mL), troponin-I (1.2 μg/dL) and angiotensin-II converting enzyme (0.18 pg/mL) were significantly recovered in hypertensive rats compared to disease control. Serum cardiovascular risk indices of diseased rats were significantly decreased (< 10%, p < 0.05) after administration of the studied galactofucan (50 mg/kg BW) related to hypertension group (> 17%), and were comparable with standard antihypertensive agent telmisartan (8.3-10.2% at 2 mg/kg BW). The studied compound was safe for consumption as obvious from the high LD50 value (>5 g/kg), and could be developed as a prospective functional food ingredient attenuating the pathophysiological attributes causing hypertension-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangadhar Surabhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dravidian University, Kuppam 517426, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Shubhajit Dhara
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North P.O., P.B. No. 1603, Cochin 682018, Kerala, India; Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri 574199, Karnataka State, India
| | - Anusree Maneesh
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North P.O., P.B. No. 1603, Cochin 682018, Kerala, India; Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri 574199, Karnataka State, India
| | - Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Bioprospecting Section of Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North P.O., P.B. No. 1603, Cochin 682018, Kerala, India.
| | - Lokanatha Valluru
- Department of Biotechnology, Dravidian University, Kuppam 517426, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Sharifi-Rad J, Adetunji CO, Olaniyan OT, Ojo SK, Samuel MO, Temitayo BT, Roli OI, Nimota OO, Oluwabunmi BT, Adetunji JB, Sharopov F, Cruz-Martins N, del Mar Contreras M. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Other Pharmacological Activities of Ocimum Species: Potential to Be Used as Food Preservatives and Functional Ingredients. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1934693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Facultad De Medicina, Universidad Del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Charles Oluwaeun Adetunji
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Biology and Developmental Programming, Department of Physiology, Edo University, Iyahmo, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Stephen Kayode Ojo
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Micheal Olugbenga Samuel
- Cardiometabolic Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Banjo Temitope Temitayo
- Institute for Human Resources Development, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Osahon Itohan Roli
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science Edo University Iyamho, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Juliana Bunmi Adetunji
- Nutritional and Toxicological Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3s), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - María del Mar Contreras
- Department of Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, Spain
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Dhama K, Sharun K, Gugjoo MB, Tiwari R, Alagawany M, Iqbal Yatoo M, Thakur P, Iqbal HM, Chaicumpa W, Michalak I, Elnesr SS, Farag MR. A Comprehensive Review on Chemical Profile and Pharmacological Activities of Ocimum basilicum. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1900230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mudasir B. Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary SciencesDeen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pallavi Thakur
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico De Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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KCNQ5 activation is a unifying molecular mechanism shared by genetically and culturally diverse botanical hypotensive folk medicines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21236-21245. [PMID: 31570602 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907511116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Botanical folk medicines have been used throughout human history to treat common disorders such as hypertension, often with unknown underlying mechanisms. Here, we discovered that hypotensive folk medicines from a genetically diverse range of plant species each selectively activated the vascular-expressed KCNQ5 potassium channel, a feature lacking in the modern synthetic pharmacopeia, whereas nonhypotensive plant extracts did not. Analyzing constituents of the hypotensive Sophora flavescens root, we found that the quinolizidine alkaloid aloperine is a KCNQ-dependent vasorelaxant that potently and isoform-selectively activates KCNQ5 by binding near the foot of the channel voltage sensor. Our findings reveal that KCNQ5-selective activation is a defining molecular mechanistic signature of genetically diverse traditional botanical hypotensives, transcending plant genus and human cultural boundaries. Discovery of botanical KCNQ5-selective potassium channel openers may enable future targeted therapies for diseases including hypertension and KCNQ5 loss-of-function encephalopathy.
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Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Extract Inhibits Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production and Fat Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Cells by Activating an AMP-Dependent Kinase Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050139. [PMID: 31137508 PMCID: PMC6562390 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major public health problems in the world because it is implicated in metabolic syndromes, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate whether Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. (EAP) extract suppresses reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells by activating an AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Our results showed that EAP water extract significantly inhibits ROS production, adipogenesis, and lipogenesis during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In addition, EAP decreased mRNA and protein levels of proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα). Moreover, EAP suppressed mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase (FAS), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), adipocyte protein 2 (aP2) in a dose-dependent manner. Whereas, EAP upregulated adiponectin expression, phosphorylation levels of AMPK and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1) protein level during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. These results suggest that EAP water extract can exert ROS-linked anti-obesity effect through the mechanism that might involve inhibition of ROS production, adipogenesis and lipogenesis via an activating AMPK signaling pathway.
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Alomar MY, Al-Attar AM. Effect of Basil Leaves Extract on Liver Fibrosis Induced by Thioacetamide in Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.478.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Alegría-Herrera E, Herrera-Ruiz M, Román-Ramos R, Zamilpa A, Santillán-Urquiza MA, Aguilar MI, Avilés-Flores M, Fuentes-Mata M, Jiménez-Ferrer E. Effect of Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum selloi, and Rosmarinic Acid on Cerebral Vascular Damage in a Chronic Hypertension Model. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:201-211. [PMID: 30713252 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of treatment against hypertension is not only to reduce blood pressure levels, but also to reduce vascular risk in general. In the present work, administering angiotensin II (AGII; 0.2 µg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 12 weeks) activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which caused an increase in corticosterone levels, as well as in proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)) and macrophage chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)). On observing the behavior in the different models, an anxiogenic effect (elevated plus maze (EPM)) and cognitive impairment (water Morris maze (WMM)) was observed in animals with AGII. By administering organic extracts from Ocimum basilicum (Oba-EtOAc) and Ocimum selloi (Ose-EtOAc), and some doses of rosmarinic acid (RA) (6 weeks per os (p.o.)), the damage caused by AGII was stopped by re-establishing corticosterone serum levels and by decreasing the proinflammatory cytokines and MCP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elian Alegría-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa
- Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa
| | - Maribel Herrera-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)
| | - Rubén Román-Ramos
- Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)
| | | | - María Isabel Aguilar
- Laboratorio 111, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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Guzman E, Molina J. The predictive utility of the plant phylogeny in identifying sources of cardiovascular drugs. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:154-164. [PMID: 29486635 PMCID: PMC6130559 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1444642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death globally, responsible for over 17 million (31%) deaths in the world. Novel pharmacological interventions may be needed given the high prevalence of CVD. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to find potential new sources of cardiovascular (CV) drugs from phylogenetic and pharmacological analyses of plant species that have experimental and traditional CV applications in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of these plant species and mapped their pharmacological mechanisms of action on the phylogeny. RESULTS Out of 139 plant species in 71 plant families, seven plant families with 45 species emerged as phylogenetically important exhibiting common CV mechanisms of action within the family, as would be expected given their common ancestry: Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Rosaceae and Zingiberaceae. Apiaceae and Brassicaceae promoted diuresis and hypotension; Fabaceae and Lamiaceae had anticoagulant/thrombolytic effects; Apiaceae and Zingiberaceae were calcium channel blockers. Moreover, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Rosaceae and Zingiberaceae species were found to possess anti-atherosclerotic properties. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The phylogeny identified certain plant families with disproportionately more species, highlighting their importance as sources of natural products for CV drug discovery. Though there were some species that did not show the same mechanism within the family, the phylogeny predicts that these species may contain undiscovered phytochemistry, and potentially, the same bioactivity. Evolutionary pharmacology, as applied here, may guide and expedite our efforts in discovering sources of new CV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Guzman
- Department of Biology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jeanmaire Molina
- Department of Biology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Schaedler MI, Palozi RAC, Tirloni CAS, Silva AO, Araújo VDO, Lourenço ELB, de Souza LM, Lívero FADR, Gasparotto Junior A. Redox regulation and NO/cGMP plus K + channel activation contributes to cardiorenal protection induced by Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr. in ovariectomized hypertensive rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 51:7-19. [PMID: 30466630 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the medicinal plants widely used by the population in the treatment of hypertension, atherosclerosis and circulatory disorders is Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr. (Lythraceae), popularly known as 'sete sangrias', being found in Brazil, Hawaii and in South Pacific Islands. Despite the widespread use of this species by the population, its long-term antihypertensive and cardioprotective activities have not yet been scientifically evaluated. PURPOSE To evaluate the possible cardioprotective effects of an ethanol-soluble fraction obtained from C. carthagenensis (ESCC) using ovariectomized hypertensive rats to simulate a broad part of the female population over 50 years of age affected by hypertension. In addition, the molecular mechanism that may be responsible for its cardiorenal protective effects was also explored. METHODS Female Wistar rats were submitted to surgical procedures of bilateral ovariectomy and induction of renovascular hypertension (two-kidneys, one-clip model). The sham-operated group was used as negative control. ESCC was obtained and a detailed phytochemical investigation about its main secondary metabolites was performed. ESCC was orally administered at doses of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg, daily, for 28 days, 5 weeks after surgery. Enalapril (15 mg/kg) was used as standard antihypertensive drug. Renal function was evaluated on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. At the end of the experimental period, systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded. The activity of the tissue enzymatic antioxidant system, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, nitrotyrosine, nitrite, aldosterone and vasopressin levels, in addition to the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme were also evaluated. Additionally, vascular reactivity to acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, and phenylephrine, and the role of nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and K+ channels in the vasodilator response of ESCC on the mesenteric vascular bed were also investigated. RESULTS ESCC-treatment induced an important cardiorenal protective response, preserving renal function and preventing elevation of blood pressure and heart rate in ovariectomized hypertensive rats. In addition, prolonged treatment with ESCC recovered mesenteric vascular reactivity at all doses used. This effect was associated with an important modulation of the antioxidant defense system with a possible increase in NO bioavailability. Additionally, NO/cGMP activation and K+ channel opening-dependent vasodilator effect was observed on the mesenteric vascular bed, indicating a potential mechanism for the cardiovascular effects of ESCC. CONCLUSION A 28-days ESCC treatment reduces the progression of the cardiorenal disease in ovariectomized hypertensive rats. These effects seem to be involved with an attenuation of oxidative and nitrosative stress, affecting endothelial nitric oxide production and K+ channel opening in smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Isernhagen Schaedler
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Cleide Adriane Signor Tirloni
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Aniely Oliveira Silva
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Valdinei de Oliveira Araújo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica em Produtos Naturais, Programa de Pós Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica em Produtos Naturais, Programa de Pós Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdade Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica em Produtos Naturais, Programa de Pós Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
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Sestili P, Ismail T, Calcabrini C, Guescini M, Catanzaro E, Turrini E, Layla A, Akhtar S, Fimognari C. The potential effects of Ocimum basilicum on health: a review of pharmacological and toxicological studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 14:679-692. [PMID: 29865879 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1484450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basil (Ocimum basilicum L., OB) is a plant world widely used as a spice and a typical ingredient of the healthy Mediterranean diet. In traditional medicine, OB is indicated for many maladies and conditions; OB-containing nutritional supplements are increasingly sold. Conversely, safety concerns have been raised about the promutagens and procarcinogens alkenylbenzenes contained in OB. Areas covered: A critical review of the current status of OB as a nutraceutical, the pharmacology of its bioactive components, the rationale for its indications, and its safety. Expert opinion: Due to the polyphenolic and flavonoidic content, OB can be considered as an important ingredient in healthy diets; OB preparations may be effective as chemopreventive agents or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of different clinical conditions. From a toxicological perspective, since the tumorigenic potential of alkenylbenzenes is counteracted by other OB constituents such as nevadensin, it can be concluded that OB consumption in food and preparations is safe. The only concern relates to OB essential oils: in this case, a concentration limit for alkenylbenzenes should be precautionary defined, and the use of plant chemotypes with no or low levels of these alkylbenzenes for the preparation of essential oils should be made compulsory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Sestili
- a Department of Biomolecular Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino (PU) , Italy
| | - Tariq Ismail
- b Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Cinzia Calcabrini
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- a Department of Biomolecular Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino (PU) , Italy
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
| | - Anam Layla
- b Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- b Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
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Prachayasittikul V, Prachayasittikul S, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): A promising functional food toward the well-being. Food Res Int 2017; 105:305-323. [PMID: 29433220 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum) or coriander is one of the most popularly used spices in culinary worldwide, and its medicinal values has been recognized since ancient time. C. sativum contains bioactive phytochemicals that are accounted for a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, migraine-relieving, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory activities. The major compound, linalool, abundantly found in seeds is remarked for its abilities to modulate many key pathogenesis pathways of diseases. Apart from the modulating effects, the potent antioxidant property of the C. sativum provides a key mechanism behind its protective effects against neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic syndrome. This review shed light on comprehensive aspects regarding the therapeutic values of the C. sativum, which indicate its significance of being a promising functional food for promoting the well-being in the era of aging and lifestyle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veda Prachayasittikul
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Commission on Higher Education (CHE), Ministry of Education, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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Roles of Nitric Oxide and Prostaglandins in the Sustained Antihypertensive Effects of Acanthospermum hispidum DC. on Ovariectomized Rats with Renovascular Hypertension. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2492483. [PMID: 29234376 PMCID: PMC5632478 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2492483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Although Acanthospermum hispidum is used in Brazilian folk medicine as an antihypertensive, no study evaluated its effects on a renovascular hypertension and ovariectomy model. So, this study investigated the mechanisms involved in the antihypertensive effects of an ethanol-soluble fraction obtained from A. hispidum (ESAH) using two-kidney-one-clip hypertension in ovariectomized rats (2K1C plus OVT). ESAH was orally administered at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, daily, for 28 days, after 5 weeks of surgery. Enalapril (15 mg/kg) and hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/kg) were used as standard drugs. Diuretic activity was evaluated on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Serum creatinine, urea, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, nitrosamine, nitrite, aldosterone, vasopressin levels, and ACE activity were measured. The vascular reactivity and the role of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PG) in the vasodilator response of ESAH on the mesenteric vascular bed (MVB) were also investigated. ESAH treatment induced an important saluretic and antihypertensive response, therefore recovering vascular reactivity in 2K1C plus OVT-rats. This effect was associated with a reduction of oxidative and nitrosative stress with a possible increase in the NO bioavailability. Additionally, a NO and PG-dependent vasodilator effect was observed on the MEV.
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Bower A, Marquez S, de Mejia EG. The Health Benefits of Selected Culinary Herbs and Spices Found in the Traditional Mediterranean Diet. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:2728-46. [PMID: 25749238 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.805713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is considered one of the healthiest diets in the world. This is often attributed to low saturated fat consumption, moderate wine consumption, and high vegetable consumption. However, herbs and spices associated with these diets may also play an important role in the quality of this diet. This review summarizes the most recent research regarding the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-hypertensive properties of this collection of culinary species. Additionally, this review briefly summarizes studies performed on lesser known herbs from around the world, with the goal of identifying new culinary species that may be useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson Bower
- a Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois USA
| | - Susan Marquez
- b Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois USA
| | - Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia
- a Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois USA.,b Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois USA
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de Santana Aquino DF, Signor Tirloni CA, Tolouei Menegati SEL, Lima Cardoso CA, Heredia Vieira SC, Carmo Vieira MD, Simonet AM, Macías FA, Gasparotto A. Alibertia edulis (L.C. Rich.) A.C. Rich - A potent diuretic arising from Brazilian indigenous species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:193-200. [PMID: 27988400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Although Alibertia edulis (L.C. Rich.) A.C. Rich decoction is used in Brazilian folk medicine due to its possible antihypertensive effect, this species has never been critically investigated as a hypotensive drug. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible hypotensive and antihypertensive effects of the oral administration of Alibertia edulis aqueous extract (AEAE) in normotensive and hypertensive rats, and evaluate its inter-relation with a possible diuretic activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Different doses of AEAE (20, 65 and 200mg/kg) were tested on the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of normotensive Wistar rats and after induction of renovascular hypertension (two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt model). In addition, the diuretic effects of AEAE were compared with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in an acute and repeated-dose treatment for 7 days. Volume, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium contents, pH and density were estimated in urine samples collected after 8 or 24h. Plasma sodium, potassium, total protein, urea, creatinine, AST and ALT concentrations were measured in samples collected at the end of the experimental period (seventh day). Finally, the antioxidant activity of the AEAE was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging and ferric ions reducing power assay. RESULTS The intraduodenal administration of the HCTZ and AEAE significantly reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, the MAP in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. Otherwise, the heart rate was not affected by any treatment. Acute and prolonged oral administration of AEAE (200mg/kg) and HCTZ caused a significant increase in volume and urinary concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride. Moreover, urinary calcium concentration was significantly increased after administration of AEAE (200mg/kg). Finally, AEAE was able to present important in vitro antioxidant properties. CONCLUSION The results obtained have shown that AEAE presents potent diuretic activity and significant hypotensive and antihypertensive effect. In addition, this study may confirm part of the pharmacological activity popularly attributed to this species and opens perspective for the future use in various renal and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
- Research Center in Biodiversity, Faculty of Chemistry, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Maria do Carmo Vieira
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Ana María Simonet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Arquimedes Gasparotto
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
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Zarshenas MM, Jamshidi S, Zargaran A. Cardiovascular aspects of geriatric medicines in traditional Persian medicine; a review of phytochemistry and pharmacology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1182-1189. [PMID: 26964479 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geriatrics are a group of patients over 65 years and with multiple comorbidities and different functional impairments. Apart from decline in body mass, presence of exhaustion and general fatigue, an aged person may also suffer from various disorders. Approximately, around 30% of geriatric subjects have significant cardiovascular ailments. Apart from the intensive management of cardiovascular aspects in elderly, monitoring of the complementary cardiac medicine in those people should be received more attention. PURPOSE There are many management lines for a cardio-geriatric condition in Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM). Accordingly, this paper aimed to deal with those medicaments as well as evidence-based clinical aspects and phytochemistry. METHODS By searching through main pharmaceutical manuscripts of Persian medicine during 10th-18th centuries (A.D.), concurrently, natural medicines for geriatrics and remedies for cardiovascular ailments were derived. On the other side, related phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of those remedies were highlighted. RESULTS In all, 38 cardiovascular and 34 geriatric medicaments were found in those manuscripts. Antihyperlipidemic and cholesterol lowering activities of those medicines were the most reported activities in current medicine. However, other pharmacological reports were related to hypotensive, coagulant, cardio-protective and cardiotonic activities. In regard of the chemical composition, medicaments were mainly of polyphenols and flavonoids and also most of the employed extracts and fractions were yielded from polar or semi-polar solvents. CONCLUSION With reference to these findings, flavonoid-rich medicaments from Persian medicine may be selected as considerable herbs for geriatrics with cardiovascular ailments.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Geriatrics/methods
- History, 15th Century
- History, 16th Century
- History, 17th Century
- History, 18th Century
- History, 19th Century
- History, 20th Century
- History, 21st Century
- History, Medieval
- Humans
- Iran
- Medicine, Traditional/history
- Phytochemicals/pharmacology
- Phytochemicals/therapeutic use
- Phytotherapy/history
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sahar Jamshidi
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arman Zargaran
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Prando TBL, Barboza LN, Araújo VDO, Gasparotto FM, de Souza LM, Lourenço ELB, Gasparotto Junior A. Involvement of bradykinin B2 and muscarinic receptors in the prolonged diuretic and antihypertensive properties of Echinodorus grandiflorus (Cham. & Schltdl.) Micheli. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1249-1258. [PMID: 26776663 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Echinodorus grandiflorus (Cham. & Schltr.) Michel are used in Brazilian folk medicine as a diuretic drug, to date, no study has evaluated the mechanisms involved in this activity after prolonged administration in rats. AIM OF THE STUDY Evaluate the possible mechanisms involved in the prolonged diuretic activity of ethanol soluble fraction obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus (ES-EG) and to assess its relationship with hypotensive and antihypertensive activity using normotensive rats and those with renovascular hypertension (2K1C). METHODS The diuretic effects of ES-EG (30-300 mg/kg; p.o.) were compared with hydrochlorothiazide in a repeated-dose treatment for 7 days. The urinary volume and sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate contents, conductivity, pH and density were estimated in sample collected in 24 h for 7 days. Plasma sodium, potassium, total protein, urea, creatinine, aldosterone, vasopressin, nitrite, acetylcholinesterase concentration and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity were measured in samples collected at the end of the experimental period (seventh day). Using pharmacological antagonists or inhibitors, the involvement of bradykinin, prostaglandin, acetylcholine and nitric oxide (NO) in ES-EG-induced diuresis was determined. In addition, activities of erythrocytary carbonic anhydrase and renal Na+/K+/ATPase were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS ES-EG increased diuresis similarly to hydrochlorothiazide and also presented HCO3-sparing effects and increased serum nitrite levels. Moreover, the intraduodenal administration of ES-EG induces significant hypotensive and antihypertensive effects in 2K1C rats. Previous treatment with HOE-140, indometacin and atropine fully avoided the diuretic effect of ES-EG, and including L-NAME pre-administration, it prevented the hypotensive and hypertensive activity induced by ES-EG. In addition, the association between HOE-140 and atropine or indometacin and L-NAME fully inhibited the hypotensive and antihypertensive effects of ES-EG. The 7-day treatment with ES-EG resulted in increased plasma nitrite levels. All other parameters were not affected by treatment with ES-EG. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the mechanisms through which Echinodorus grandiflorus extracts induce prolonged diuresis and reduce blood pressure in normotensive and 2K1C rats are mainly related to activation of muscarinic and bradykinin receptors with direct effects on prostaglandins and nitric oxide pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Buno Lima Prando
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, 4282 - Centro, Umuarama - PR, 87502-210, Brazil
| | - Lorena Neris Barboza
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, 4282 - Centro, Umuarama - PR, 87502-210, Brazil
| | - Valdinei de Oliveira Araújo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, 4282 - Centro, Umuarama - PR, 87502-210, Brazil
| | - Francielly Mourão Gasparotto
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, P.O. Box 19046, 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, 4282 - Centro, Umuarama - PR, 87502-210, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil .
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Moore N, Hamza N, Berke B, Umar A. News from Tartary: an ethnopharmacological approach to drug and therapeutic discovery. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 83:33-37. [PMID: 27297624 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacology aims to identify new therapeutic agents based on their traditional use. It begins by the identification of disease states, and of the traditional therapies for these, most commonly herbals. Herbals of interest are selected from ethnopharmacological surveys, and tested on experimental models of the diseases of interest. Once the activity of the traditional remedy is demonstrated, including dose-dependence, if possible comparatively to reference medications, the active ingredients can be explored, if possible using bioguided extraction. Identified molecules can then be further developed as medicinal products or pharmaceutical medicines (e.g., artemisine), or the herbal product can be developed as such (e.g. St John's wort). We provide examples of various study programmes, concerning the antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of Armagnac extracts from Southwest France; antithrombotic and antihypertensive effects of extracts of Ocimum basilicum L; antithrombotic, antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic effects of Cydonia oblonga; Antiproliferative and antithrombotic effects of Abnorma Savda Munziq of traditional Uyghur medicine; and the antidiabetic and hepatoprotective effects of Centaurium erythraea Rafn, Artemisia herba-alba Asso and Trigonella foenum-graecum L., all in collaboration between University of Bordeaux, France, Xinjiang Medical University in Urumqi, China and University Mentouri in Constantine, Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Moore
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Nawel Hamza
- Département de Nutrition, INATAA, Université Mentouri, Constantine, Algerie
| | - Benedicte Berke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Anwar Umar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
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Askari VR, Baradaran Rahimi V, Ghorbani A, Rakhshandeh H. Hypnotic Effect of Ocimum basilicum on Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep in Mice. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e24261. [PMID: 27651944 PMCID: PMC5020426 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.24261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Sleep disorders are accompanied by several complications, and currently used soporific drugs can induce unwanted effects such as psychomotor impairment, tolerance, amnesia, and rebound insomnia. Objectives The present study was carried out to investigate if Ocimum basilicum has a sleep-prolonging effect. Materials and Methods This work was an experimental study on 72 mice which were randomly divided into 9 groups: saline (control); diazepam (3 mg/kg, positive control); hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE) of Ocimum basilicum (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg); ethyl acetate fraction (EAF, 50 mg/kg); n-butanol fraction (NBF, 50 mg/kg); water fraction (WF, 50 mg/kg); and saline containing 10% DMSO (vehicle for EAF and NBF). All the test compounds were injected intraperitoneally (IP) 30 minutes before pentobarbital administration (30 mg/kg). Duration and latency of pentobarbital-induced sleep were recorded. Also, LD50 of HAE was determined and the cytotoxicity of HAE was tested on neural and fibroblast cells using the MTT assay. Results HAE increased the duration of pentobarbital-induced sleep at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg (P < 0.001). The hypnotic effect of HAE was comparable to that induced by diazepam. Similarly, WF, EAF, and NBF at 50 mg/kg could increase sleep duration. The sleep latency was decreased by HAE (P < 0.01 - P < 0.001) and NBF (P < 0.001), but not by WF and EAF. The LD50 value for HAE was found to be 2.4 g/kg. HAE had no effect on the viability of neuronal PC12 cells and L929 fibroblast cells. Conclusions The present data demonstrated that Ocimum basilicum potentiates sleeping behaviors without any cytotoxicity. The main component (s) responsible for the hypnotic effects of this plant is most likely a non-polar agent (s) which is found in NBF. Isolation of the active constituents may yield a novel sedative drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Reza Askari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Hassan Rakhshandeh, Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5138828566, Fax: +98-5138828567, E-mail:
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Anwar MA, Al Disi SS, Eid AH. Anti-Hypertensive Herbs and Their Mechanisms of Action: Part II. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:50. [PMID: 27014064 PMCID: PMC4782109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine has a history extending back to thousands of years, and during the intervening time, man has identified the healing properties of a very broad range of plants. Globally, the use of herbal therapies to treat and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) is on the rise. This is the second part of our comprehensive review where we discuss the mechanisms of plants and herbs used for the treatment and management of high blood pressure. Similar to the first part, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were utilized, and the following keywords and phrases were used as inclusion criteria: hypertension, high blood pressure, herbal medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, endothelial cells, nitric oxide (NO), vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, hydrogen sulfide, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), oxidative stress, and epigenetics/epigenomics. Each of the aforementioned keywords was co-joined with plant or herb in question, and where possible with its constituent molecule(s). This part deals in particular with plants that are used, albeit less frequently, for the treatment and management of hypertension. We then discuss the interplay between herbs/prescription drugs and herbs/epigenetics in the context of this disease. The review then concludes with a recommendation for more rigorous, well-developed clinical trials to concretely determine the beneficial impact of herbs and plants on hypertension and a disease-free living.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akhtar Anwar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara S Al Disi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar UniversityDoha, Qatar; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of BeirutBeirut, Lebanon
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Eugenol dilates rat cerebral arteries by inhibiting smooth muscle cell voltage-dependent calcium channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 64:401-6. [PMID: 24921632 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Plants high in eugenol, a phenylpropanoid compound, are used as folk medicines to alleviate diseases including hypertension. Eugenol has been demonstrated to relax conduit and ear arteries and reduce systemic blood pressure, but mechanisms involved are unclear. Here, we studied eugenol regulation of resistance-size cerebral arteries that control regional brain blood pressure and flow and investigated mechanisms involved. We demonstrate that eugenol dilates arteries constricted by either pressure or membrane depolarization (60 mM K) in a concentration-dependent manner. Experiments performed using patch-clamp electrophysiology demonstrated that eugenol inhibited voltage-dependent calcium (Ca) currents, when using Ba as a charge carrier, in isolated cerebral artery smooth muscle cells. Eugenol inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca currents involved pore block, a hyperpolarizing shift (∼-10 mV) in voltage-dependent inactivation, an increase in the proportion of steady-state inactivating current, and acceleration of inactivation rate. In summary, our data indicate that eugenol dilates cerebral arteries by means of multimodal inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca channels.
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Peixoto-Neves D, Wang Q, Leal-Cardoso JH, Rossoni LV, Jaggar JH. Eugenol dilates mesenteric arteries and reduces systemic BP by activating endothelial cell TRPV4 channels. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3484-94. [PMID: 25832173 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Eugenol, a vanilloid molecule found in some dietary plants, relaxes vasculature in part via an endothelium-dependent process; however, the mechanisms involved are unclear. Here, we investigated the endothelial cell-mediated mechanism by which eugenol modulates rat mesenteric artery contractility and systemic BP. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The isometric tension of rat mesenteric arteries (size 200-300 μm) was measured using wire myography; non-selective cation currents (ICat ) were recorded in endothelial cells using patch clamp electrophysiology. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were determined in anaesthetized rats. KEY RESULTS Eugenol relaxed endothelium-intact arteries in a concentration-dependent manner and this effect was attenuated by endothelium denudation. L-NAME, a NOS inhibitor, a combination of TRAM-34 and apamin, selective blockers of intermediate and small conductance Ca(2+) -activated K(+) channels, respectively, and HC-067047, a TRPV4 channel inhibitor, but not indomethacin, a COX inhibitor, reduced eugenol-induced relaxation in endothelium-intact arteries. Eugenol activated HC-067047-sensitive ICat in mesenteric artery endothelial cells. Short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated TRPV4 knockdown abolished eugenol-induced ICat activation. An i.v. injection of eugenol caused an immediate, transient reduction in both MAP and HR, which was followed by prolonged, sustained hypotension in anaesthetized rats. This sustained hypotension was blocked by HC-067047. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Eugenol activates TRPV4 channels in mesenteric artery endothelial cells, leading to vasorelaxation, and reduces systemic BP in vivo. Eugenol may be therapeutically useful as an antihypertensive agent and is a viable molecular candidate from which to develop second-generation TRPV4 channel activators that reduce BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieniffer Peixoto-Neves
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jose H Leal-Cardoso
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luciana V Rossoni
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vascular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonathan H Jaggar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Kang P, Seol GH. Linalool elicits vasorelaxation of mouse aortae through activation of guanylyl cyclase and K+ channels. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:714-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular relaxing properties of monoterpene alcohol (-)-linalool (LIN), a principal component of several aromatic plants.
Methods
We assessed the effects of LIN on vascular contractility in mouse aortae and evaluated its underlying mechanisms of action.
Key findings
We found that LIN dose-dependently relaxed the vascular tonus of mouse thoracic aortae induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α, 3 μm). This effect, however, was reduced by pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME (30 μm). Treatment with the inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase ODQ (2 μm) or the K+ channel blocker TEA (10 mM) partially blocked LIN-induced vasorelaxation. Moreover, addition of TEA after incubation of the rings with L-NAME and ODQ partially blocked LIN-induced vasorelaxation. Furthermore, LIN was able to partially antagonize CaCl2-induced contractions in high potassium (80 mM) Krebs' solution, whereas LIN did not affect Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that LIN may induce endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in mouse thoracic aortae by activating soluble guanylyl cyclase and K+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purum Kang
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, School of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geun Hee Seol
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, School of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Singh P, Kalunke RM, Giri AP. Towards comprehension of complex chemical evolution and diversification of terpene and phenylpropanoid pathways in Ocimum species. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16637c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution of chemical diversity and diversification of terpene and phenylpropanoid pathway inOcimumspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit
- Division of Biochemical Sciences
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Raviraj M. Kalunke
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit
- Division of Biochemical Sciences
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Ashok P. Giri
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit
- Division of Biochemical Sciences
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
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Srivastava S, Cahill DM, Conlan XA, Adholeya A. A novel in vitro whole plant system for analysis of polyphenolics and their antioxidant potential in cultivars of Ocimum basilicum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:10064-10075. [PMID: 25275827 DOI: 10.1021/jf502709e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants are an important source for medicinal compounds. Chemical screening and selection is critical for identification of compounds of interest. Ocimum basilicum (Basil) is a rich source of polyphenolics and exhibits high diversity, therefore bioprospecting of a suitable cultivar is a necessity. This study reports on the development of a true to type novel "in vitro system" and its comparison with a conventional system for screening and selection of cultivars for high total phenolics, individual polyphenolics, and antioxidant content. We have shown for the first time using online acidic potassium permanganate chemiluminescence that extracts from Ocimum basilicum showed antioxidant potential. The current study identified the cultivar specific composition of polyphenolics and their antioxidant properties. Further, a distinct relationship between plant morphotype and polyphenolic content was also found. Of the 15 cultivars examined, "Holy Green", "Red Rubin", and "Basil Genovese" were identified as high polyphenolic producing cultivars while "Subja" was determined to be a low producer. The "in vitro system" enabled differentiation of the cultivars in their morphology, polyphenolic content, and antioxidant activity and is a cheap and efficient method for bioprospecting studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Srivastava
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Biotechnology and Management of Bioresources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) , DS Block, India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003, India
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Zhou WT, Abdurahman A, Abdusalam E, Yiming W, Abliz P, Aji Q, Issak M, Iskandar G, Moore N, Umar A. Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. leaf extracts or captopril on blood pressure and related biomarkers in renal hypertensive rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:635-40. [PMID: 24661965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cydonia oblonga Mill. (COM) is used in traditional Uyghur medicine to treat or prevent cardiovascular disease. In a previous study COM leaf extracts were found to be active in renal hypertensive rats (RHR). The present study tests the dose-dependence of the effect of ethanol leaf extracts on hypertension and on biomarkers associated with blood pressure control, such as angiotensin-II (AII), plasma renin activity (PRA), apelin-12 (A), endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO), compared to captopril. METHODS Two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) Goldblatt model rats were divided randomly into six groups: sham, model, captopril 25 mg/kg, COM leaf extract 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg (n=10 each). Drugs were administered orally daily for eight weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured before treatment and every 2 weeks. Blood and kidney samples were collected after the last treatment to measure AII, PRA, A, ET and NO. RESULTS RHR had increased blood pressure, AII, A, PRA, ET and decreased NO. Treatment with captopril reduced blood pressure, AII, A, PRA, and ET, though not quite to normal values. COM leaf extracts significantly and dose-dependently reduced blood pressure, AII, A, RA and ET, whereas NO was increased. The highest dose of COM had the same effects as captopril. CONCLUSION The effects of COM extracts on blood pressure and biomarkers were dose-dependent and at the highest dose similar to those of captopril. This suggests an action of COM on the renin-angiotensin system, which could explain its antihypertensive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-ting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Adil Abdurahman
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Elzira Abdusalam
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Wuliya Yiming
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Parida Abliz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011 Urumqi, PR China
| | - Qimangul Aji
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Mehray Issak
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Guldiyar Iskandar
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China
| | - Nicholas Moore
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Universite de Bordeaux Segalen, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Anwar Umar
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Universite de Bordeaux Segalen, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
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Zhou W, Abdusalam E, Abliz P, Reyim N, Tian S, Aji Q, Issak M, Iskandar G, Moore N, Umar A. Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 152:464-469. [PMID: 24472663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Quince, Cydonia oblonga Mill. (COM), is used in traditional Uyghur medicine to treat or prevent cardiovascular diseases. Uyghur people have greater longevity and lower blood pressure than other central Asian populations. We therefore tested COM fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and rheology in renal hypertensive rats (RHR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) renal hypertensive rats were divided randomly into eleven groups: sham, model, and model treated with daily doses of 80 and 160mg/kg aqueous or ethanol extracts of COM fruit or leaves, or 25mg/kg captopril (n=10 per group), given orally once daily for 8 weeks. Blood pressure was measured before treatment and every 2 weeks thereafter. Blood rheology was tested after 8 weeks. RESULTS Model rats had higher blood pressure than sham 8 weeks after the procedure (systolic blood pressure 193±7 vs. 138±8mmHg, p<0.05). Those treated with captopril had decreased blood pressure within 2 weeks but that did not return to the level found in the sham group at 8 weeks (167±7, p<0.05 vs. model). With the COM extracts, the effect on blood pressure was notable after 4 weeks. At 8 weeks blood pressure was similar with captopril and with 160mg ethanol leaf extract (166±4, p<0.05 vs. model), the most effective of the extracts. Model rats had higher blood viscosity and lower erythrocyte deformability than sham. Captopril had little effect on blood rheology; whereas COM extracts reduced whole blood viscosity and improved erythrocyte deformability to levels approaching those found in sham. CONCLUSIONS COM extracts have antihypertensive activity in renal hypertensive rats. The additional effect on rheology, compared to captopril, may convey added interest. Further studies of these effects in man appear warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Elzira Abdusalam
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Parida Abliz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Nadira Reyim
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 38 Nanhu Road, Urumqi City, Shuimogou District, 830063 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Shuge Tian
- Faculty of traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Qimangul Aji
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Mehray Issak
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Guldiyar Iskandar
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Nicholas Moore
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China; Department of Pharmacology, University Bordeaux Segalen, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Anwar Umar
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, Xinjiang, People׳s Republic of China; Department of Pharmacology, University Bordeaux Segalen, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
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Umar A, Zhou W, Abdusalam E, Tursun A, Reyim N, Tohti I, Moore N. Effect of Ocimum basilicum L. on cyclo-oxygenase isoforms and prostaglandins involved in thrombosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 152:151-155. [PMID: 24412551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ocimum basilicum L. (OBL) is a plant used in traditional Uyghur medicine for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. In previous studies we had found an antihypertensive and antithrombotic effect suggestive of an effect on prostaglandins, which we attempt to document here. MATERIALS AND METHODS 6-keto-PGF1α, the metabolite of prostacyclin, and PGE2 were measured in the supernatant of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and basal or LPS-stimulated mouse coeliac macrophage cultures exposed to OBL ethanol (OBL-E) extracts and petroleum ether, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol (PE, C, EA, B) fractions. In addition, 6-keto-PGF1α and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were measured in a rat model of thromboangiitis obliterans exposed or not to OBL. RESULTS Short-term exposure to OBL-E dose-dependently increased 6-keto-PGF1α from HUVEC, and long-term (24h) exposure decreased it. OBL-C and OBL-B increased 6-keto-PGF1α, whereas the other fractions tended to decrease it after 24h exposure. The extract and all fractions decreased basal and stimulated PGE2 production, but only OBL-EA and OBL-B reduced PGE2 in stimulated cultures to concentrations below the unstimulated values (P<0.05). In vivo OBL increased 6-keto-PGF1α and decreased TXB2. CONCLUSION OBL and its extracts increased 6-keto-PGF1α and reduced PGE2 and TXB2 production in a dose and time-related manner. This could indicate simultaneous inhibition of COX-2 and stimulation of endothelial COX-1. The butanol fraction seemed most promising in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Umar
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, University Bordeaux Segalen, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Wenting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, PR China
| | - Elzira Abdusalam
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, PR China
| | - Arzigul Tursun
- Medical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Nadira Reyim
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 38 Nanhu Road, Shuimogou District, 830063 Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Ibadet Tohti
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, PR China
| | - Nicholas Moore
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Road, 830011 Urumqi, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, University Bordeaux Segalen, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
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Aqueous extract of dioscorea opposita thunb. normalizes the hypertension in 2K1C hypertensive rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:36. [PMID: 24447776 PMCID: PMC3904168 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dioscorea opposita Thunb. (Huai Shan Yao, DOT), a common staple food in China, has been used for more than 2000 years in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat different systemic diseases including hypertension. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible antihypertensive effects of the aqueous extract of (DOT) in renovascular hypertensive rats as well as the mechanism in reducing blood pressure. METHODS The two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) Goldblatt model of renovascular hypertension was used in Wistar rats. Rats with captopril, low-dose DOT and high-dose DOT treated 2K1C groups for 6 weeks. The blood pressure, cardiac mass index (heart weight/body weight), plasma level of angiotensin-II (Ang-II), endothelin-1(ET-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated. RESULTS DOT significantly reduced mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure after treatment. DOT also significantly increased plasma SOD activity but decreased plasma MDA concentration. Renal function was improved with captopril and DOT. DOT reduced plasma Ang-II activity and plasma ET concentration. They couldalso significantly reduce the left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac mass index. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DOT may have an antihypertensive effect on hypertension by inhibit ET-converting enzyme and antioxidant activity, which warrant further exploration.
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Lv GY, Zhang YP, Gao JL, Yu JJ, Lei J, Zhang ZR, Li B, Zhan RJ, Chen SH. Combined antihypertensive effect of luteolin and buddleoside enriched extracts in spontaneously hypertensive rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:507-513. [PMID: 24080032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Flos Chrysanthemi is used in a variety of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine including hypertension, and the total flavonoids (rich in luteolin (LUT) and buddleoside (BUD)) of Flos Chrysanthemi is known to modulate vascular functions and reduce the blood pressure. However, the active flavonoids and their synergistic effects on anti-hypertension are still unclear. To investigate the combined anti-hypertension effects of LUT and BUD enriched extracts on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as well as the anti-hypertensive mechanism of LUT&BUD mixture. MATERIALS AND METHODS CODA Mouse & Rat Tail-Cuff Blood Pressure System was used to measure the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of SHR after treated with extracts contains with LUT and/or BUD. The expressions of Ang II, PRA, ALD, ET, PGI2 and TXB2 were investigated by ELASA. Serum NO concentration was measured by the method of Nitric acid reductase. RESULTS A single administration of LUT, BUD, or LUT:BUD=1:1 significantly reduced SBP by about 3.35 mmHg, 4.39 mmHg and 15.42 mmHg, respectively. Chronic administration of LBM (at 60 mg/kg; p.o. for 30 days) reduced both SBP and DBP by 4.04% and 5.24% of the vehicle group, respectively. Oral administration of LBM at 60 mg/kg inhibited the serum levels of ANG, ALD and ET, but increased serum NO concentration. CONCLUSION This study shows the synergistic anti-hypertension effects of LUT and BUD in SHR. The effects of LBM on blood pressure are associated with RAAS and endothelial system. Thus, our experiments suggest that the combination of luteolin and buddleoside from Flos Chrysanthemi are potentially useful for the therapeutic treatments for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yuan Lv
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China; Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
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Fathiazad F, Matlobi A, Khorrami A, Hamedeyazdan S, Soraya H, Hammami M, Maleki-Dizaji N, Garjani A. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of cardioprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Daru 2012; 20:87. [PMID: 23351503 PMCID: PMC3556047 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-20-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The objectives of the present study were phytochemical screening and study of the effects of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Ocimum basilicum (basil) on cardiac functions and histopathological changes in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS The leaves of the plant were extracted with ethanol by maceration and subjected to colorimetry to determine flavonoids and phenolic compounds. High-performance TLC analysis and subsequent CAMAG's TLC scanning were performed to quantify rosmarinic acid content. Wistar rats were assigned to 6 groups of normal control, sham, isoproterenol, and treatment with 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg of the extract two times per day concurrent with MI induction. A subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (100 mg/kg/day) for 2 consecutive days was used to induce MI. RESULTS Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of phenolic compounds (5.36%) and flavonoids (1.86%). Rosmarinic acid was the principal phenolic compound with a 15.74% existence. The ST-segment elevation induced by isoproterenol was significantly suppressed by all doses of the extract. A severe myocardial necrosis and fibrosis with a sharp reduction in left ventricular contractility and a marked increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure were seen in the isoproterenol group, all of which were significantly improved by the extract treatment. In addition to in-vitro antioxidant activity, the extract significantly suppressed the elevation of malondialdehyde levels both in the serum and the myocardium. CONCLUSION The results of the study demonstrate that Ocimum basilicum strongly protected the myocardium against isoproterenol-induced infarction and suggest that the cardioprotective effects could be related to antioxidative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fathiazad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Matlobi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Khorrami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Hamedeyazdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Soraya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hammami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Maleki-Dizaji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Garjani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Chen Y. Relationships between insulin resistant and hypertension and traditional Chinese medicine intervention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 8:1114-8. [DOI: 10.3736/jcim20101202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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