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Politiek FA, Turkenburg M, Henneman L, Ofman R, Waterham HR. Molecular and cellular consequences of mevalonate kinase deficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167177. [PMID: 38636615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder associated with recurrent autoinflammatory episodes. The disorder is caused by bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in the MVK gene, which encodes mevalonate kinase (MK), an early enzyme in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. To identify molecular and cellular consequences of MKD, we studied primary fibroblasts from severely affected patients with mevalonic aciduria (MKD-MA) and more mildly affected patients with hyper IgD and periodic fever syndrome (MKD-HIDS). As previous findings indicated that the deficient MK activity in MKD impacts protein prenylation in a temperature-sensitive manner, we compared the subcellular localization and activation of the small Rho GTPases RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 in control, MKD-HIDS and MKD-MA fibroblasts cultured at physiological and elevated temperatures. This revealed a temperature-induced altered subcellular localization and activation in the MKD cells. To study if and how the temperature-induced ectopic activation of these signalling proteins affects cellular processes, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis of control and MKD-MA fibroblasts cultured at 37 °C or 40 °C. This identified cell cycle and actin cytoskeleton organization as respectively most down- and upregulated gene clusters. Further studies confirmed that these processes were affected in fibroblasts from both patients with MKD-MA and MKD-HIDS. Finally, we found that, similar to immune cells, the MK deficiency causes metabolic reprogramming in MKD fibroblasts resulting in increased expression of genes involved in glycolysis and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. We postulate that the ectopic activation of small GTPases causes inappropriate signalling contributing to the molecular and cellular aberrations observed in MKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frouwkje A Politiek
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Turkenburg
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Henneman
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Ofman
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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2
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Politiek FA, Turkenburg M, Ofman R, Waterham HR. Mevalonate kinase-deficient THP-1 cells show a disease-characteristic pro-inflammatory phenotype. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379220. [PMID: 38550596 PMCID: PMC10972877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Bi-allelic pathogenic variants in the MVK gene, which encodes mevalonate kinase (MK), an essential enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis, cause the autoinflammatory metabolic disorder mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). We generated and characterized MK-deficient monocytic THP-1 cells to identify molecular and cellular mechanisms that contribute to the pro-inflammatory phenotype of MKD. Methods Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated THP-1 cells with different MK deficiencies mimicking the severe (MKD-MA) and mild end (MKD-HIDS) of the MKD disease spectrum. Following confirmation of previously established disease-specific biochemical hallmarks, we studied the consequences of the different MK deficiencies on LPS-stimulated cytokine release, glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation rates, cellular chemotaxis and protein kinase activity. Results Similar to MKD patients' cells, MK deficiency in the THP-1 cells caused a pro-inflammatory phenotype with a severity correlating with the residual MK protein levels. In the MKD-MA THP-1 cells, MK protein levels were barely detectable, which affected protein prenylation and was accompanied by a profound pro-inflammatory phenotype. This included a markedly increased LPS-stimulated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation towards glycolysis. We also observed increased activity of protein kinases that are involved in cell migration and proliferation, and in innate and adaptive immune responses. The MKD-HIDS THP-1 cells had approximately 20% residual MK activity and showed a milder phenotype, which manifested mainly upon LPS stimulation or exposure to elevated temperatures. Conclusion MK-deficient THP-1 cells show the biochemical and pro-inflammatory phenotype of MKD and are a good model to study underlying disease mechanisms and therapeutic options of this autoinflammatory disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frouwkje A. Politiek
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Turkenburg
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rob Ofman
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans R. Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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3
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Yang N, Pan X, Zhou X, Liu Z, Yang J, Zhang J, Jia Z, Shen Q. Biomimetic Nanoarchitectonics with Chitosan Nanogels for Collaborative Induction of Ferroptosis and Anticancer Immunity for Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302752. [PMID: 37975280 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) shows promising therapeutic potential for tumor regression. However, the low sensitivity and immunosuppressive state of current cell death manners seriously impede tumor immunogenicity. Ferroptosis characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a potential strategy to induce ICD and activate antitumor immune responses. However, the effectiveness of ferroptosis is limited by antioxidant regulatory networks, including the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) pathways, presenting challenges for its induction. Herein, they propose a novel approach that involves utilizing functionalized chitosan-ferrocene-sodium alginate (CFA) crosslinked nanogels, which are modified to pravastatin (PRV) and M1 macrophage membrane (MM) (designing as CFA/PRV@MM). Specifically, ferrocene boots intracellular reactive oxygen species levels for efficient glutathione (GSH) depletion through Fenton reaction, thus disrupting the GPX4/GSH axis, while PRV intervenes in the mevalonate pathway to inhibit the FSP1/CoQ10 antioxidant axis, thereby synergistically causing pronounced ferroptotic damage and promoting ICD. The CFA/PRV@MM nanogels demonstrate superior therapeutic efficacy in a mouse breast model, resulting in effective tumor ablation and immune response with minimal side effects. RNA transcription analysis reveals that nanogels can significantly affect metabolic progress, as well as immune activation. This research provides valuable insights into the design of ferroptosis induction for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiuhua Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiawei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zengyi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zengguang Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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4
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Xing Z, Jiang X, Wu Y, Yu Z. Targeted Mevalonate Pathway and Autophagy in Antitumor Immunotherapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:890-909. [PMID: 38275055 DOI: 10.2174/0115680096273730231206054104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Tumors of the digestive system are currently one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite considerable progress in tumor immunotherapy, the prognosis for most patients remains poor. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor cells attain immune escape through immune editing and acquire immune tolerance. The mevalonate pathway and autophagy play important roles in cancer biology, antitumor immunity, and regulation of the TME. In addition, there is metabolic crosstalk between the two pathways. However, their role in promoting immune tolerance in digestive system tumors has not previously been summarized. Therefore, this review focuses on the cancer biology of the mevalonate pathway and autophagy, the regulation of the TME, metabolic crosstalk between the pathways, and the evaluation of their efficacy as targeted inhibitors in clinical tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongrui Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiangyan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuxia Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zeyuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
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5
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Sun Y, Zheng H, Qian L, Liu Y, Zhu D, Xu Z, Chang W, Xu J, Wang L, Sun B, Gu L, Yuan H, Lou H. Targeting GDP-Dissociation Inhibitor Beta (GDI2) with a Benzo[ a]quinolizidine Library to Induce Paraptosis for Cancer Therapy. JACS AU 2023; 3:2749-2762. [PMID: 37885576 PMCID: PMC10598831 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Inducing paraptosis, a nonapoptotic form of cell death, has great therapeutic potential in cancer therapy, especially for drug-resistant tumors. However, the specific molecular target(s) that trigger paraptosis have not yet been deciphered yet. Herein, by using activity-based protein profiling, we identified the GDP-dissociation inhibitor beta (GDI2) as a manipulable target for inducing paraptosis and uncovered benzo[a]quinolizidine BQZ-485 as a potent inhibitor of GDI2 through the interaction with Tyr245. Comprehensive target validation revealed that BQZ-485 disrupts the intrinsic GDI2-Rab1A interaction, thereby abolishing vesicular transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and initiating subsequent paraptosis events including ER dilation and fusion, ER stress, the unfolded protein response, and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Based on the structure of BQZ-485, we created a small benzo[a]quinolizidine library by click chemistry and discovered more potent GDI2 inhibitors using a NanoLuc-based screening platform. Leveraging the engagement of BQZ-485 with GDI2, we developed a selective GDI2 degrader. The optimized inhibitor (+)-37 and degrader 21 described in this study exhibited excellent in vivo antitumor activity in two GDI2-overexpressing pancreatic xenograft models, including an AsPc-1 solid tumor model and a transplanted human PDAC tumor model. Altogether, our findings provide a promising strategy for targeting GDI2 for paraptosis in the treatment of pancreatic cancers, and these lead compounds could be further optimized to be effective chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sun
- Department
of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products
& Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongbo Zheng
- Department
of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products
& Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lilin Qian
- Department
of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products
& Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department
of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products
& Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Deyu Zhu
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,
Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zejun Xu
- Department
of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products
& Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenqiang Chang
- Department
of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products
& Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Department
of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong
University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department
of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong
University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Bin Sun
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong
University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lichuan Gu
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huiqing Yuan
- Key
Laboratory
of Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Institute
of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital
of Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department
of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Products
& Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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6
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Verdaguer IB, Crispim M, Hernández A, Katzin AM. The Biomedical Importance of the Missing Pathway for Farnesol and Geranylgeraniol Salvage. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248691. [PMID: 36557825 PMCID: PMC9782597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoprenoids are the output of the polymerization of five-carbon, branched isoprenic chains derived from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and its isomer, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP). Isoprene units are consecutively condensed to form longer structures such as farnesyl and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (FPP and GGPP, respectively), necessary for the biosynthesis of several metabolites. Polyprenyl transferases and synthases use polyprenyl pyrophosphates as their natural substrates; however, it is known that free polyprenols, such as farnesol (FOH), and geranylgeraniol (GGOH) can be incorporated into prenylated proteins, ubiquinone, cholesterol, and dolichols. Furthermore, FOH and GGOH have been shown to block the effects of isoprenoid biosynthesis inhibitors such as fosmidomycin, bisphosphonates, or statins in several organisms. This phenomenon is the consequence of a short pathway, which was observed for the first time more than 25 years ago: the polyprenol salvage pathway, which works via the phosphorylation of FOH and GGOH. Biochemical studies in bacteria, animals, and plants suggest that this pathway can be carried out by two enzymes: a polyprenol kinase and a polyprenyl-phosphate kinase. However, to date, only a few genes have been unequivocally identified to encode these enzymes in photosynthetic organisms. Nevertheless, pieces of evidence for the importance of this pathway abound in studies related to infectious diseases, cancer, dyslipidemias, and nutrition, and to the mitigation of the secondary effects of several drugs. Furthermore, nowadays it is known that both FOH and GGOH can be incorporated via dietary sources that produce various biological effects. This review presents, in a simplified but comprehensive manner, the most important data on the FOH and GGOH salvage pathway, stressing its biomedical importance The main objective of this review is to bring to light the need to discover and characterize the kinases associated with the isoprenoid salvage pathway in animals and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Bofill Verdaguer
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 1374, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Marcell Crispim
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 1374, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Agustín Hernández
- Integrated Unit for Research in Biodiversity (BIOTROP-CCBS), Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Miguel Katzin
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 1374, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-3091-7330; Fax: +55-11-3091-7417
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7
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Munoz MA, Skinner OP, Masle-Farquhar E, Jurczyluk J, Xiao Y, Fletcher EK, Kristianto E, Hodson MP, O'Donoghue SI, Kaur S, Brink R, Zahra DG, Deenick EK, Perry KA, Robertson AA, Mehr S, Hissaria P, Mulders-Manders CM, Simon A, Rogers MJ. Increased core body temperature exacerbates defective protein prenylation in mouse models of mevalonate kinase deficiency. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:160929. [PMID: 36189795 PMCID: PMC9525117 DOI: 10.1172/jci160929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is characterized by recurrent fevers and flares of systemic inflammation, caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in MVK. The underlying disease mechanisms and triggers of inflammatory flares are poorly understood because of the lack of in vivo models. We describe genetically modified mice bearing the hypomorphic mutation p.Val377Ile (the commonest variant in patients with MKD) and amorphic, frameshift mutations in Mvk. Compound heterozygous mice recapitulated the characteristic biochemical phenotype of MKD, with increased plasma mevalonic acid and clear buildup of unprenylated GTPases in PBMCs, splenocytes, and bone marrow. The inflammatory response to LPS was enhanced in compound heterozygous mice and treatment with the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 prevented the elevation of circulating IL-1β, thus identifying a potential inflammasome target for future therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, lines of mice with a range of deficiencies in mevalonate kinase and abnormal prenylation mirrored the genotype-phenotype relationship in human MKD. Importantly, these mice allowed the determination of a threshold level of residual enzyme activity, below which protein prenylation is impaired. Elevated temperature dramatically but reversibly exacerbated the deficit in the mevalonate pathway and the defective prenylation in vitro and in vivo, highlighting increased body temperature as a likely trigger of inflammatory flares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia A Munoz
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Oliver P Skinner
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Etienne Masle-Farquhar
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Jurczyluk
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ya Xiao
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma K Fletcher
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Esther Kristianto
- Victor Chang Cardiac Innovation Centre, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark P Hodson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Seán I O'Donoghue
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David G Zahra
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elissa K Deenick
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristen A Perry
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Avril Ab Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sam Mehr
- Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pravin Hissaria
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, SA Pathology and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Catharina M Mulders-Manders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc Expertise Centre for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anna Simon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc Expertise Centre for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Michael J Rogers
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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8
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Broderick L, Hoffman HM. IL-1 and autoinflammatory disease: biology, pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:448-463. [PMID: 35729334 PMCID: PMC9210802 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over 20 years ago, it was first proposed that autoinflammation underpins a handful of rare monogenic disorders characterized by recurrent fever and systemic inflammation. The subsequent identification of novel, causative genes directly led to a better understanding of how the innate immune system is regulated under normal conditions, as well as its dysregulation associated with pathogenic mutations. Early on, IL-1 emerged as a central mediator for these diseases, based on data derived from patient cells, mutant mouse models and definitive clinical responses to IL-1 targeted therapy. Since that time, our understanding of the mechanisms of autoinflammation has expanded beyond IL-1 to additional innate immune processes. However, the number and complexity of IL-1-mediated autoinflammatory diseases has also multiplied to include additional monogenic syndromes with expanded genotypes and phenotypes, as well as more common polygenic disorders seen frequently by the practising clinician. In order to increase physician awareness and update rheumatologists who are likely to encounter these patients, this review discusses the general pathophysiological concepts of IL-1-mediated autoinflammation, the epidemiological and clinical features of specific diseases, diagnostic challenges and approaches, and current and future perspectives for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Broderick
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Paediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Hal M Hoffman
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Paediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
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9
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Pisanti S, Rimondi E, Pozza E, Melloni E, Zauli E, Bifulco M, Martinelli R, Marcuzzi A. Prenylation Defects and Oxidative Stress Trigger the Main Consequences of Neuroinflammation Linked to Mevalonate Pathway Deregulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159061. [PMID: 35897423 PMCID: PMC9332440 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The cholesterol biosynthesis represents a crucial metabolic pathway for cellular homeostasis. The end products of this pathway are sterols, such as cholesterol, which are essential components of cell membranes, precursors of steroid hormones, bile acids, and other molecules such as ubiquinone. Furthermore, some intermediates of this metabolic system perform biological activity in specific cellular compartments, such as isoprenoid molecules that can modulate different signal proteins through the prenylation process. The defects of prenylation represent one of the main causes that promote the activation of inflammation. In particular, this mechanism, in association with oxidative stress, induces a dysfunction of the mitochondrial activity. The purpose of this review is to describe the pleiotropic role of prenylation in neuroinflammation and to highlight the consequence of the defects of prenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ′Scuola Medica Salernitana′, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (S.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Erika Rimondi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.P.); (E.Z.); (A.M.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Pozza
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.P.); (E.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.P.); (E.Z.); (A.M.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.P.); (E.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Martinelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ′Scuola Medica Salernitana′, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (S.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.P.); (E.Z.); (A.M.)
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10
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Penco F, Petretto A, Lavarello C, Papa R, Bertoni A, Omenetti A, Gueli I, Finetti M, Caorsi R, Volpi S, Gattorno M. Proteomic Signatures of Monocytes in Hereditary Recurrent Fevers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:921253. [PMID: 35812440 PMCID: PMC9260596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary periodic recurrent fevers (HRF) are monogenic autoinflammatory associated to mutations of some genes, such as diseases caused by mutations of including MEFV, TNFRSF1A and MVK genes. Despite the identification of the causative genes, the intracellular implications related to each gene variant are still largely unknown. A large –scale proteomic analysis on monocytes of these patients is aimed to identify with an unbiased approach the mean proteins and molecular interaction networks involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Monocytes from HRF 15 patients (5 with MFV, 5 TNFRSF1A and 5with MVK gene mutation) and 15 healthy donors (HDs) were analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Significant proteins were analyzed through a Cytoscape analysis using the ClueGo app to identify molecular interaction networks. Protein networks for each HRF were performed through a STRING database analysis integrated with a DISEAE database query. About 5000 proteins for each HRF were identified. LPS treatment maximizes differences between up-regulated proteins in monocytes of HRF patients and HDs, independently from the disease’s activity and ongoing treatments. Proteins significantly modulated in monocytes of the different HRF allowed creating a disease-specific proteomic signatures and interactive protein network. Proteomic analysis is able to dissect the different intracellular pathways involved in the inflammatory response of circulating monocytes in HRF patients. The present data may help to identify a “monocyte proteomic signature” for each condition and unravel new possible unexplored intracellular pathways possibly involved in their pathogenesis. These data will be also useful to identify possible differences and similarities between the different HRFs and some multifactorial recurrent fevers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Penco
- Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie ed Immunodeficienze, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federica Penco, ; Marco Gattorno,
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities - Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Lavarello
- Core Facilities - Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Papa
- Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie ed Immunodeficienze, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Arinna Bertoni
- Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie ed Immunodeficienze, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessia Omenetti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Mother and Child Health, Salesi Children’s Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gueli
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Finetti
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologica, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Caorsi
- Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie ed Immunodeficienze, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie ed Immunodeficienze, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie ed Immunodeficienze, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federica Penco, ; Marco Gattorno,
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11
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Politiek FA, Waterham HR. Compromised Protein Prenylation as Pathogenic Mechanism in Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency. Front Immunol 2021; 12:724991. [PMID: 34539662 PMCID: PMC8446354 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is an autoinflammatory metabolic disorder characterized by life-long recurring episodes of fever and inflammation, often without clear cause. MKD is caused by bi-allelic pathogenic variants in the MVK gene, resulting in a decreased activity of the encoded enzyme mevalonate kinase (MK). MK is an essential enzyme in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, which generates both non-sterol and sterol isoprenoids. The inflammatory symptoms of patients with MKD point to a major role for isoprenoids in the regulation of the innate immune system. In particular a temporary shortage of the non-sterol isoprenoid geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) is increasingly linked with inflammation in MKD. The shortage of GGPP compromises protein prenylation, which is thought to be one of the main causes leading to the inflammatory episodes in MKD. In this review, we discuss current views and the state of knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms in MKD, with particular focus on the role of compromised protein prenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frouwkje A Politiek
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Marti JLG, Wells A, Brufsky AM. Dysregulation of the mevalonate pathway during SARS-CoV-2 infection: An in silico study. J Med Virol 2021; 93:2396-2405. [PMID: 33331649 PMCID: PMC9553089 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 triggers a dysregulated innate immune system activation. As the mevalonate pathway (MVP) prevents the activation of inflammasomes and cytokine release and regulates endosomal transport, compromised signaling could be associated with the pathobiology of COVID-19. Prior transcriptomic studies of host cells in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection have not reported to date the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the MVP. In this study, we accessed public data sets to report in silico investigations into gene expression. In addition, we proposed candidate genes that are thought to have a direct association with the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and which may be dependent on signals derived from the MVP. Our results revealed dysregulation of genes involved in the MVP. These results were not found when investigating the gene expression data from host cells infected with H3N2 influenza virus, H1N1 influenza virus, or respiratory syncytial virus. Our manually curated gene set showed significant gene expression variability in A549 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2, as per Blanco-Melo et al. data set (GSE147507). In light of the present findings, SARS-CoV-2 could hijack the MVP, leading to hyperinflammatory responses. Prompt reconstitution of this pathway with available agents should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luis Gomez Marti
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pittsburgh VA Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pittsburgh VA Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam M. Brufsky
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Welzel T, Benseler SM, Kuemmerle-Deschner JB. Management of Monogenic IL-1 Mediated Autoinflammatory Diseases in Childhood. Front Immunol 2021; 12:516427. [PMID: 33868220 PMCID: PMC8044959 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.516427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monogenic Interleukin 1 (IL-1) mediated autoinflammatory diseases (AID) are rare, often severe illnesses of the innate immune system associated with constitutively increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Clinical characteristics include recurrent fevers, inflammation of joints, skin, and serous membranes. CNS and eye inflammation can be seen. Characteristically, clinical symptoms are coupled with elevated inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA). Typically, AID affect infants and children, but late-onset and atypical phenotypes are described. An in-depth understanding of autoinflammatory pathways and progress in molecular genetics has expanded the spectrum of AID. Increasing numbers of genetic variants with undetermined pathogenicity, somatic mosaicisms and phenotype variability make the diagnosis of AID challenging. AID should be diagnosed as early as possible to prevent organ damage. The diagnostic approach includes patient/family history, ethnicity, physical examination, specific functional testing and inflammatory markers (SAA, CRP) during, and in between flares. Genetic testing should be performed, when an AID is suspected. The selection of genetic tests is guided by clinical findings. Targeted and rapid treatment is crucial to reduce morbidity, mortality and psychosocial burden after an AID diagnosis. Management includes effective treat-to-target therapy and standardized, partnered monitoring of disease activity (e.g., AIDAI), organ damage (e.g., ADDI), patient/physician global assessment and health related quality of life. Optimal AID care in childhood mandates an interdisciplinary team approach. This review will summarize the current evidence of diagnosing and managing children with common monogenic IL-1 mediated AID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Welzel
- Autoinflammation Reference Center Tuebingen (arcT) and Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susanne M Benseler
- Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital (ACH), ACH Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jasmin B Kuemmerle-Deschner
- Autoinflammation Reference Center Tuebingen (arcT) and Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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14
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Rogers MJ, Mönkkönen J, Munoz MA. Molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates and new insights into their effects outside the skeleton. Bone 2020; 139:115493. [PMID: 32569873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BP) are a class of calcium-binding drug used to prevent bone resorption in skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease. They act by selectively targeting bone-resorbing osteoclasts and can be grouped into two classes depending on their intracellular mechanisms of action. Simple BPs cause osteoclast apoptosis after cytoplasmic conversion into toxic ATP analogues. In contrast, nitrogen-containing BPs potently inhibit FPP synthase, an enzyme of the mevalonate (cholesterol biosynthesis) pathway. This results in production of a toxic metabolite (ApppI) and the loss of long-chain isoprenoid lipids required for protein prenylation, a process necessary for the function of small GTPase proteins essential for the survival and activity of osteoclasts. In this review we provide a state-of-the-art overview of these mechanisms of action and a historical perspective of how they were discovered. Finally, we challenge the long-held dogma that BPs act only in the skeleton and highlight recent studies that reveal insights into hitherto unknown effects on tumour-associated and tissue-resident macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rogers
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jukka Mönkkönen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
| | - Marcia A Munoz
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
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15
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Klinische Symptomatik autoinflammatorischer Erkrankungen. Hautarzt 2020; 71:342-358. [DOI: 10.1007/s00105-020-04582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Li M, Min W, Wang J, Wang L, Li Y, Zhou N, Yang Z, Qian Q. Effects of mevalonate kinase interference on cell differentiation, apoptosis, prenylation and geranylgeranylation of human keratinocytes are attenuated by farnesyl pyrophosphate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2861-2870. [PMID: 32256770 PMCID: PMC7086283 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase (MVK) mutations were previously identified in disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis. However, the role of MVK in differentiation, apoptosis and prenylation of keratinocytes requires further investigation. Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) of the mevalonate pathway attach to small G proteins, and serve as molecular switches in biochemical pathways. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of MVK in the expression of keratin 1 and involucrin, apoptosis, protein prenylation and the processing of small G proteins. HaCat human keratinocytes were transfected with viruses carrying MVK interference and overexpression vectors, respectively. The mRNA expression of MVK, keratin 1 and involucrin was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Protein expression of MVK, keratin 1, involucrin, lamin A, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, Rho E, Rho B, Rho A, RAC1 and cdc42 in HaCat cells was detected by western blotting. The apoptotic rates of HaCat cells and protein prenylation levels were examined by flow cytometry. The expression of MVK in HaCat cells was significantly decreased in the interference groups, and markedly increased in the overexpression group compared with the negative control groups. The mRNA and protein expression levels of keratin 1 and involucrin were significantly decreased following interference of MVK expression, and the decrease was markedly attenuated by FPP. Furthermore, the apoptotic rate was markedly increased following MVK interference, and the increase was significantly attenuated by GGPP. The overexpression of MVK significantly decreased the apoptotic rate of HaCat cells. The prenylation levels after MVK interference was notably decreased, which was markedly attenuated by GGPP. The overexpression of MVK significantly increased the prenylation levels of HaCat cells. FPP or GGPP reversed MVK interference-induced decrease in geranylgeranylation levels of lamin A, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, Rho E, Rho B, Rho A, RAC1 and cdc42. In conclusion, MVK interference decreases the expression of differentiation markers, increases apoptosis, and decreases protein prenylation and geranylgeranylation levels in keratinocytes. These changes are attenuated by FPP or GGPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Min
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Naihui Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Ziliang Yang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Qihong Qian
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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17
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Munoz MA, Jurczyluk J, Simon A, Hissaria P, Arts RJW, Coman D, Boros C, Mehr S, Rogers MJ. Defective Protein Prenylation in a Spectrum of Patients With Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1900. [PMID: 31474985 PMCID: PMC6702261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The rare autoinflammatory disease mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD, which includes HIDS and mevalonic aciduria) is caused by recessive, pathogenic variants in the MVK gene encoding mevalonate kinase. Deficiency of this enzyme decreases the synthesis of isoprenoid lipids and thus prevents the normal post-translational prenylation of small GTPase proteins, which then accumulate in their unprenylated form. We recently optimized a sensitive assay capable of detecting unprenylated Rab GTPase proteins in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and showed that this assay distinguished MKD from other autoinflammatory diseases. We have now analyzed PBMCs from an additional six patients with genetically-confirmed MKD (with different compound heterozygous MVK genotypes), and compared these with PBMCs from three healthy volunteers and four unaffected control individuals heterozygous for the commonest pathogenic variant, MVKV377I. We detected a clear accumulation of unprenylated Rab proteins, as well as unprenylated Rap1A by western blotting, in all six genetically-confirmed MKD patients compared to heterozygous controls and healthy volunteers. Furthermore, in the three subjects for whom measurements of residual mevalonate kinase activity was available, enzymatic activity inversely correlated with the extent of the defect in protein prenylation. Finally, a heterozygous MVKV377I patient presenting with autoinflammatory symptoms did not have defective prenylation, indicating a different cause of disease. These findings support the notion that the extent of loss of enzyme function caused by biallelic MVK variants determines the severity of defective protein prenylation, and the accumulation of unprenylated proteins in PBMCs may be a sensitive and consistent biomarker that could be used to aid, or help rule out, diagnosis of MKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia A Munoz
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney & St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie Jurczyluk
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney & St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Simon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc Expertise Centre for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Rob J W Arts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc Expertise Centre for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - David Coman
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christina Boros
- Department of Rheumatology, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Adelaide Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sam Mehr
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Rogers
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney & St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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18
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McClory J, Lin JT, Timson DJ, Zhang J, Huang M. Catalytic mechanism of mevalonate kinase revisited, a QM/MM study. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2423-2431. [PMID: 30735219 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mevalonate Kinase (MVK) catalyses the ATP-Mg2+ mediated phosphate transfer of mevalonate to produce mevalonate 5-phosphate and is a key kinase in the mevalonate pathway in the biosynthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate, the precursor of isoprenoid-based biofuels. However, the crystal structure in complex with the native substrate mevalonate, ATP and Mg2+ has not been resolved, which has limited the understanding of its reaction mechanism and therefore its application in the production of isoprenoid-based biofuels. Here using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and a hybrid QM/MM study, we revisited the location of Mg2+ resolved in the crystal structure of MVK and determined a catalytically competent MVK structure in complex with the native substrate mevalonate and ATP. We demonstrated that significant conformational change on a flexible loop connecting the α6 and α7 helix is induced by the substrate binding. Further, we found that Asp204 is coordinated to the Mg2+ ion. Arg241 plays a crucial role in organizing the triphosphoryl tail of ATP for in-line phosphate transfer and stabilizing the negative charge that accumulates at the β,γ-bridging oxygen of ATP upon bond cleavage. Remarkably, we revealed that the phosphorylation of mevalonate catalyzed by MVK occurs via a direct phosphorylation mechanism, instead of the conventionally postulated catalytic base mechanism. The catalytically competent complex structure of MVK as well as the mechanism of reaction will pave the way for the rational engineering of MVK to exploit its applications in the production of biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- James McClory
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
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19
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Skinner OP, Jurczyluk J, Baker PJ, Masters SL, Rios Wilks AG, Clearwater MS, Robertson AAB, Schroder K, Mehr S, Munoz MA, Rogers MJ. Lack of protein prenylation promotes NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in human monocytes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:2315-2317.e3. [PMID: 30797829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver P Skinner
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julie Jurczyluk
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul J Baker
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alicia G Rios Wilks
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Misaki S Clearwater
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Avril A B Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sam Mehr
- Department of Allergy/Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marcia A Munoz
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael J Rogers
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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20
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Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism, also known as inherited metabolic diseases, constitute an important group of conditions presenting with neurologic signs in newborns. They are individually rare but collectively common. Many are treatable through restoration of homeostasis of a disrupted metabolic pathway. Given their frequency and potential for treatment, the clinician should be aware of this group of conditions and learn to identify the typical manifestations of the different inborn errors of metabolism. In this review, we summarize the clinical, laboratory, electrophysiologic, and neuroimaging findings of the different inborn errors of metabolism that can present with florid neurologic signs and symptoms in the neonatal period.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Female
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnostic imaging
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/physiopathology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnostic imaging
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/physiopathology
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/therapy
- Neuroimaging
- Pregnancy
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Clara D M van Karnebeek
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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21
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Xia Y, Xie Y, Yu Z, Xiao H, Jiang G, Zhou X, Yang Y, Li X, Zhao M, Li L, Zheng M, Han S, Zong Z, Meng X, Deng H, Ye H, Fa Y, Wu H, Oldfield E, Hu X, Liu W, Shi Y, Zhang Y. The Mevalonate Pathway Is a Druggable Target for Vaccine Adjuvant Discovery. Cell 2018; 175:1059-1073.e21. [PMID: 30270039 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the clinical observation that interruption of the mevalonate pathway stimulates immune responses, we hypothesized that this pathway may function as a druggable target for vaccine adjuvant discovery. We found that lipophilic statin drugs and rationally designed bisphosphonates that target three distinct enzymes in the mevalonate pathway have potent adjuvant activities in mice and cynomolgus monkeys. These inhibitors function independently of conventional "danger sensing." Instead, they inhibit the geranylgeranylation of small GTPases, including Rab5 in antigen-presenting cells, resulting in arrested endosomal maturation, prolonged antigen retention, enhanced antigen presentation, and T cell activation. Additionally, inhibiting the mevalonate pathway enhances antigen-specific anti-tumor immunity, inducing both Th1 and cytolytic T cell responses. As demonstrated in multiple mouse cancer models, the mevalonate pathway inhibitors are robust for cancer vaccinations and synergize with anti-PD-1 antibodies. Our research thus defines the mevalonate pathway as a druggable target for vaccine adjuvants and cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Zhengsen Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Hongying Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Guimei Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Liping Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Mingke Zheng
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyun Zong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Xianbin Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Huahu Ye
- Laboratory Animal Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 100071 Beijing, China
| | - Yunzhi Fa
- Laboratory Animal Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 100071 Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 100850 Beijing, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China; Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Shi
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Institute Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.
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22
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The classification, genetic diagnosis and modelling of monogenic autoinflammatory disorders. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1901-1924. [PMID: 30185613 PMCID: PMC6123071 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Monogenic autoinflammatory disorders are an increasingly heterogeneous group of conditions characterised by innate immune dysregulation. Improved genetic sequencing in recent years has led not only to the discovery of a plethora of conditions considered to be 'autoinflammatory', but also the broadening of the clinical and immunological phenotypic spectra seen in these disorders. This review outlines the classification strategies that have been employed for monogenic autoinflammatory disorders to date, including the primary innate immune pathway or the dominant cytokine implicated in disease pathogenesis, and highlights some of the advantages of these models. Furthermore, the use of the term 'autoinflammatory' is discussed in relation to disorders that cross the innate and adaptive immune divide. The utilisation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in this population is examined, as are potential in vivo and in vitro methods of modelling to determine pathogenicity of novel genetic findings. Finally, areas where our understanding can be improved are highlighted, such as phenotypic variability and genotype-phenotype correlations, with the aim of identifying areas of future research.
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23
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Tocilizumab for the Treatment of Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency. Case Rep Pediatr 2018; 2018:3514645. [PMID: 30225156 PMCID: PMC6129367 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3514645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is a severe autoinflammatory disease caused by recessive mutations in MVK resulting in reduced function of the enzyme mevalonate kinase, involved in the cholesterol/isoprenoid pathway. MKD presents with periodic episodes of severe systemic inflammation, poor quality of life, and life-threatening sequelae if inadequately treated. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl with MKD and severe autoinflammation that was resistant to IL-1 and TNF-α blockade. In view of this, she commenced intravenous tocilizumab (8 mg/kg every 2 weeks), a humanised monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) that binds to membrane and soluble IL-6R, inhibiting IL-6-mediated signaling. She reported immediate cessation of fever and marked improvement in her energy levels following the first infusion; after the fifth dose, she was in complete clinical and serological remission, now sustained for 24 months. This is one of the first reported cases of a child with MKD treated successfully with tocilizumab and adds to the very limited experience of this treatment for MKD. IL-6 blockade could therefore be an important addition to the armamentarium for the treatment of this rare monogenic autoinflammatory disease.
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24
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Chinen J, Badran YR, Geha RS, Chou JS, Fried AJ. Advances in basic and clinical immunology in 2016. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:959-973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Marcuzzi A, Piscianz E, Vecchi Brumatti L, Tommasini A. Mevalonate kinase deficiency: therapeutic targets, treatments, and outcomes. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1328308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Piscianz
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Liza Vecchi Brumatti
- Scientific Direction, Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo,’ Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy
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26
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Munoz MA, Jurczyluk J, Mehr S, Chai RC, Arts RJW, Sheu A, McMahon C, Center JR, Singh-Grewal D, Chaitow J, Campbell DE, Quinn JMW, Alexandrov K, Tnimov Z, Tangye SG, Simon A, Phan TG, Rogers MJ. Defective protein prenylation is a diagnostic biomarker of mevalonate kinase deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:873-875.e6. [PMID: 28501347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia A Munoz
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julie Jurczyluk
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sam Mehr
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ryan C Chai
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rob J W Arts
- Radboud University Medical Center, Laboratory of Experimental Internal Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Sheu
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chelsea McMahon
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jacqueline R Center
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia
| | - Davinder Singh-Grewal
- Department of Rheumatology, the Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Randwick and Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Chaitow
- Department of Rheumatology, the Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Randwick and Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dianne E Campbell
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julian M W Quinn
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kirill Alexandrov
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zakir Tnimov
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Simon
- Radboud University Medical Center, Laboratory of Experimental Internal Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael J Rogers
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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27
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Scambler T, Feeley C, McDermott MF. Protection against lupus-like inflammatory disease is in the LAP of non-canonical autophagy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 4:513. [PMID: 28149875 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.12.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scambler
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Conor Feeley
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael F McDermott
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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28
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Peckham D, Scambler T, Savic S, McDermott MF. The burgeoning field of innate immune-mediated disease and autoinflammation. J Pathol 2016; 241:123-139. [PMID: 27682255 DOI: 10.1002/path.4812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune-mediated autoinflammatory diseases are occupying an increasingly prominent position among the pantheon of debilitating conditions that afflict humankind. This review focuses on some of the key developments that have occurred since the original description of autoinflammatory disease in 1999, and focuses on underlying mechanisms that trigger autoinflammation. The monogenic autoinflammatory disease range has expanded considerably during that time, and now includes a broad spectrum of disorders, including relatively common conditions such as cystic fibrosis and subsets of systemic lupus erythematosus. The innate immune system also plays a key role in the pathogenesis of complex inflammatory disorders. We have proposed a new nomenclature to accommodate the rapidly increasing number of monogenic disorders, which predispose to either autoinflammation or autoimmunity or, indeed, combinations of both. This new terminology also encompasses a wide spectrum of genetically determined autoinflammatory diseases, with variable clinical manifestations of immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation/autoimmunity. We also explore some of the ramifications of the breakthrough discovery of the physiological role of pyrin and the search for identifiable factors that may serve to trigger attacks of autoinflammation. The evidence that pyrin, as part of the pyrin inflammasome, acts as a sensor of different inactivating bacterial modification Rho GTPases, rather than interacting directly with these microbial products, sets the stage for a better understanding of the role of microorganisms and infections in the autoinflammatory disorders. Finally, we discuss some of the triggers of autoinflammation as well as potential therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing autophagy and proteasome degradation pathways. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Peckham
- Leeds Centre for Cystic Fibrosis, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Thomas Scambler
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Sinisa Savic
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael F McDermott
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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