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Geng X, Jiang W, Zhang M, Liu W, Liu X. Characteristics of phytoplankton assemblages and their relationship with environmental factors in the Qiongzhou Strait, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116560. [PMID: 38896960 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The characteristics and influencing factors of phytoplankton assemblages were analyzed in July (rainy season) and November (dry season) 2022 in the Qiongzhou Strait, China. A total of 68 species of phytoplankton belonging to 33 genera and 3 phyla were recorded. Diatom was the most dominant group. The broad-temperature widespread species were the most abundant. The dominant species in the rainy season were Skeletonema costatum, S. tropicum, Chaetoceros preseudocurvisetus and Thalassionema nitzschioides while those in the dry season were T. frauenfeldii, T. nitzschioides and Coscinodiscus granii. Phytoplankton cell abundance was significantly positively correlated with nitrite and total nitrogen concentrations, and negatively correlated with temperature and pH. Red tide algae occurred with high frequency. All sites were at eutrophic level except for 3 sites in the rainy season, which were at mesotrophic level. Therefore, there is a potential risk of red tides in the Qiongzhou Strait, which requires long-term monitoring and precautions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhuo Geng
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenxian Jiang
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiaoshou Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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2
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Ye S, Wen L, Gao L, Zhang J, Zhang H, Yang S, Hu E, Deng J, Xiao M, Zamyadi A, Pan B, Li M. Exploring intrinsic distribution of phytoplankton relative abundance and biomass in combination with continental-scale field investigation and microcosm experiment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 248:120853. [PMID: 38006833 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplankton are primary producers in aquatic ecosystems and their diversity directly affects the community stability and primary productivity. However, the commonly used diversity indices (such as Shannon and Pielou indices) were originally derived from other fields rather than ecology and did not have a direct biological explanatory function. There is still a need to incorporate biological explanatory functions into diversity evaluation methods and theories to bridge the gap between phytoplankton biodiversity and biological characteristics. This study aimed to explicate the intrinsic distribution patterns of phytoplankton relative abundance and biomass. Our study demonstrated an exponential distribution pattern of phytoplankton relative abundance and biomass ranking through field investigations of 367 phytoplankton samples in China and microcosm experiments, respectively. Microcosm experiments illustrated that the linear distribution of the specific growth rate ranking resulted in an exponential distribution of the relative phytoplankton biomass ranking due to exponential growth patterns. Through mathematical deduction, it was found that the three indices a, k and N in the exponential distribution could be considered as the critical relative abundance of extinction, competition coefficient and the environmental taxa capacity, respectively. We found that a was positively correlated with Shannon index and Pielou index, k was negatively correlated with Shannon index, Pielou index and Chao1 index. In addition, N and Chao1 index were almost exactly the same. Our study obtained these indices based on the distribution pattern of phytoplankton, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the phytoplankton community and providing novel insights for further evaluating the health of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Ye
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Wen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Gao
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| | - Junyi Zhang
- Jiangsu Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Center, No. 123, Zhouxindong Road, Binbu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Songqi Yang
- Gansu Microalgae Technology Innovation Center, Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu 734000, China
| | - En Hu
- Shaanxi Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Man Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Arash Zamyadi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Baozhu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in the Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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3
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Laraib M, Titocci J, Rosati I, Basset A. An integrated individual-level trait-based phytoplankton dataset from transitional waters. Sci Data 2023; 10:897. [PMID: 38092782 PMCID: PMC10719296 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02785-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional trait-based approaches have undergone an extraordinary expansion in phytoplankton ecology. Morpho-functional traits have been shown to vary both within and between populations and species, potentially affecting individual fitness and the network of inter-individual relationships. Here we integrate six fully harmonized phytoplankton morpho-functional trait datasets, characterized by a fine data grain, reporting individual-level data over a large biogeographical area. Datasets refer to transitional water ecosystems, from five biogeographical areas: Northern Atlantic Ocean (Scotland), South-Western Atlantic Ocean (Brazil), South-Western Pacific Ocean (Australia), Indo Pacific Ocean (Maldives) and Mediterranean Sea (Greece and Turkey). The integrated dataset includes 127311 individual phytoplankton records with sampling locations, taxonomic and morphometric information according to Darwin Core standards and semantic annotations. The six FAIR datasets are openly available in the LifeWatch Italy data portal. The datasets have already been used for morpho-functional analyses and hypothesis testing on phytoplankton guilds at different levels of data aggregation and scale, from local to global.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Laraib
- University of Salento, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Lecce, Italy.
| | - Jessica Titocci
- Italian National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), Lecce, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Rosati
- Italian National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), Lecce, Italy
| | - Alberto Basset
- University of Salento, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Lecce, Italy
- Italian National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), Lecce, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, 90133, Italy
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4
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Froidevaux JSP, Toshkova N, Barbaro L, Benítez-López A, Kerbiriou C, Le Viol I, Pacifici M, Santini L, Stawski C, Russo D, Dekker J, Alberdi A, Amorim F, Ancillotto L, Barré K, Bas Y, Cantú-Salazar L, Dechmann DKN, Devaux T, Eldegard K, Fereidouni S, Furmankiewicz J, Hamidovic D, Hill DL, Ibáñez C, Julien JF, Juste J, Kaňuch P, Korine C, Laforge A, Legras G, Leroux C, Lesiński G, Mariton L, Marmet J, Mata VA, Mifsud CM, Nistreanu V, Novella-Fernandez R, Rebelo H, Roche N, Roemer C, Ruczyński I, Sørås R, Uhrin M, Vella A, Voigt CC, Razgour O. A species-level trait dataset of bats in Europe and beyond. Sci Data 2023; 10:253. [PMID: 37137926 PMCID: PMC10156679 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of species' functional traits is essential for understanding biodiversity patterns, predicting the impacts of global environmental changes, and assessing the efficiency of conservation measures. Bats are major components of mammalian diversity and occupy a variety of ecological niches and geographic distributions. However, an extensive compilation of their functional traits and ecological attributes is still missing. Here we present EuroBaTrait 1.0, the most comprehensive and up-to-date trait dataset covering 47 European bat species. The dataset includes data on 118 traits including genetic composition, physiology, morphology, acoustic signature, climatic associations, foraging habitat, roost type, diet, spatial behaviour, life history, pathogens, phenology, and distribution. We compiled the bat trait data obtained from three main sources: (i) a systematic literature and dataset search, (ii) unpublished data from European bat experts, and (iii) observations from large-scale monitoring programs. EuroBaTrait is designed to provide an important data source for comparative and trait-based analyses at the species or community level. The dataset also exposes knowledge gaps in species, geographic and trait coverage, highlighting priorities for future data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy S P Froidevaux
- University of Stirling, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, FK9 4LJ, Stirling, UK.
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, BS8 1TQ, Bristol, UK.
| | - Nia Toshkova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
- National Museum of Natural History at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luc Barbaro
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
- DYNAFOR, INRAE-INPT, University of Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Ana Benítez-López
- Integrative Ecology Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Zoology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Christian Kerbiriou
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Le Viol
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Michela Pacifici
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Santini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clare Stawski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NO-7491, Norway
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Danilo Russo
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Evolution (AnEcoEvo), Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Università, 100, 80055, Portici (Napoli), Italy.
| | - Jasja Dekker
- Jasja Dekker Dierecologie BV, Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - Antton Alberdi
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francisco Amorim
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Leonardo Ancillotto
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Evolution (AnEcoEvo), Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Università, 100, 80055, Portici (Napoli), Italy
| | - Kévin Barré
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Yves Bas
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Lisette Cantú-Salazar
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Environmental Research and Innovation, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxemburg
| | - Dina K N Dechmann
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Department of Migration, Am Obstberg 1, 78315, Radolfzell, Germany
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, Universitätsstr. 10, 78464, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tiphaine Devaux
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Katrine Eldegard
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Sasan Fereidouni
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joanna Furmankiewicz
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Daniela Hamidovic
- Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development, Institute for Environment and Nature, Radnička cesta 80, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Croatian Biospeleological Society, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davina L Hill
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Carlos Ibáñez
- Department Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jean-François Julien
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Javier Juste
- Department Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Kaňuch
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Carmi Korine
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Alexis Laforge
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Legras
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Camille Leroux
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
- Auddicé Biodiversité- ZAC du Chevalement, 5 rue des Molettes, 59286, Roost-Warendin, France
| | - Grzegorz Lesiński
- Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Ciszewskiego 8, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Léa Mariton
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, MNHN, IRD, 61 Rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Julie Marmet
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Vanessa A Mata
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Clare M Mifsud
- Conservation Biology Research Group, Biology Department, University of Malta, MSD2080, Msida, Malta
| | | | - Roberto Novella-Fernandez
- Technical University of Munich, Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Freising, Germany
| | - Hugo Rebelo
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- ESS, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Campus do IPS - Estefanilha, 2910-761, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Niamh Roche
- Bat Conservation Ireland, Carmichael House, 4-7, North Brunswick Street, Dublin, D07 RHA8, Ireland
| | - Charlotte Roemer
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne-Université, 29900 Concarneau, 75005, Paris, France
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Ireneusz Ruczyński
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Stoczek 1, 17-230, Białowieża, Poland
| | - Rune Sørås
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NO-7491, Norway
| | - Marcel Uhrin
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J, Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Adriana Vella
- Conservation Biology Research Group, Biology Department, University of Malta, MSD2080, Msida, Malta
| | - Christian C Voigt
- Department Evolutionary Ecology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orly Razgour
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Streatham Campus, Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, EX4 4PS, UK.
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Winners and Losers of Atlantification: The Degree of Ocean Warming Affects the Structure of Arctic Microbial Communities. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030623. [PMID: 36980894 PMCID: PMC10048660 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arctic microbial communities (i.e., protists and bacteria) are increasingly subjected to an intrusion of new species via Atlantification and an uncertain degree of ocean warming. As species differ in adaptive traits, these oceanic conditions may lead to compositional changes with functional implications for the ecosystem. In June 2021, we incubated water from the western Fram Strait at three temperatures (2 °C, 6 °C, and 9 °C), mimicking the current and potential future properties of the Arctic Ocean. Our results show that increasing the temperature to 6 °C only minorly affects the community, while an increase to 9 °C significantly lowers the diversity and shifts the composition. A higher relative abundance of large hetero- and mixotrophic protists was observed at 2 °C and 6 °C compared to a higher abundance of intermediate-sized temperate diatoms at 9 °C. The compositional differences at 9 °C led to a higher chlorophyll a:POC ratio, but the C:N ratio remained similar. Our results contradict the common assumption that smaller organisms and heterotrophs are favored under warming and strongly indicate a thermal limit between 6 °C and 9 °C for many Arctic species. Consequently, the magnitude of temperature increase is a crucial factor for microbial community reorganization and the ensuing ecological consequences in the future Arctic Ocean.
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He P, Fontana S, Ma C, Liu H, Xu L, Wang R, Jiang Y, Li MH. Using leaf traits to explain species co-existence and its consequences for primary productivity across a forest-steppe ecotone. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160139. [PMID: 36375552 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Trait-based approaches have been widely applied to uncover the mechanisms determining community assembly and biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships. However, they have rarely been used in forest-steppe ecotones. These ecosystems are extremely sensitive to disturbances due to their relatively complex ecosystem structures, functionings and processes. In this study, we selected seven sites along a transect from closed canopy forests (CF) to forest-steppe ecotones (FSE) and meadow steppes (MS) in northeast China. Six leaf functional traits (i.e. leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents, leaf length and thickness, single leaf area and leaf mass per unit area, LMA) as well as the community composition and aboveground biomass at each site were measured. Both functional trait diversity indices (richness, evenness and divergence) and community-weighted mean trait values (CWMs) were calculated to quantify community trait distributions. We found that dominant species in the FSE communities showed acquisitive strategies with highest leaf nitrogen (Mean ± SE: 19.6 ± 0.5 mg g-1) and single leaf area (19.2 ± 1.3 cm2), but the lowest LMA (59.6 ± 1.3 g cm-2) values compared to adjacent CF and MS communities. The ecotone communities also exhibited the largest functional trait richness (TOP), evenness (TED) and divergence (FDis) values (0.46, 0.92 and 0.67, respectively). Overall, niche differentiation emerges as the main mechanism influencing the coexistence of plant species in ecotone ecosystems. In addition, CWMs of leaf traits were the most important predictors for estimating variations in aboveground productivity across the transect, suggesting a major influence of dominant species. Our findings suggest that vegetation management practices in forest-steppe ecotones should increasingly focus on community functional trait diversity, and support the establishment and regeneration of plant species with rapid resource acquisition strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Simone Fontana
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Abteilung Natur & Landschaft, Amt für Natur, Jagd und Fischerei, Kanton St. Gallen, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Chengcang Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Heyong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Ruzhen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Mai-He Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Forest dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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7
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Hu T, Liu WY, Wen HD, Song L, Zhang TT, Chen Q, Liu S. Vascular epiphyte populations with higher leaf nutrient concentrations showed weaker resilience to an extreme drought in a montane cloud forest. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:215-225. [PMID: 36208062 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf stoichiometry can characterize plant ecological strategies and correlate with plant responses to climate change. The role of vascular epiphytes in the ecosystem processes of tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems cannot be ignored. Vascular epiphytes are very vulnerable to climate change, however, the relationship between the response of epiphytes to climate change and leaf stoichiometry is not well understood. We present data for 19 vascular epiphyte species that were collected during four consecutive censuses (in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020) over 15 years in a subtropical montane cloud forest. We assessed the relationships between the population dynamics and leaf stoichiometry of these vascular epiphytes. Experiencing an extreme drought, 14 of the 19 epiphyte species showed an obvious decrease in the number of individuals, and all species showed negative growth in the number of populations. Subsequently, the total number of individuals gradually recovered, increasing from 7,195 in 2010 to 10,121 in 2015, then to 13,667 in 2020. The increase in the number of vascular epiphyte individuals from 2010 to 2015 was significantly negatively correlated with leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, and was significantly positively correlated with the leaf carbon-nitrogen ratio. Vascular epiphyte populations with higher leaf nutrient concentrations exhibited weaker resilience to the extreme drought, which demonstrated that a resource-conservative strategy was advantageous for the recovery of epiphyte populations. Our findings suggest that ecological stoichiometry can be a useful framework for forecasting the dynamics of vascular epiphyte populations in response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W Y Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - H D Wen
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Ailao Mountain, Yunnan, China
| | - L Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - T T Zhang
- Henna University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Q Chen
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - S Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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8
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Olusoji OD, Barabás G, Spaak JW, Fontana S, Neyens T, De Laender F, Aerts M. Measuring individual‐level trait diversity: a critical assessment of methods. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi D. Olusoji
- Center for Statistics, Data Science Inst., Hasselt Univ. Hasselt Belgium
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Inst. of Life‐Earth‐Environment (ILEE), Namur Inst. for Complex Systems (NAXYS), Univ. de Namur Namur Belgium
| | - György Barabás
- Division of Ecological and Environmental Modeling, Linköping Univ. Linköping Sweden
- ELTE‐MTA Theoretical Biology and Evolutionary Ecology Research Group Budapest Hungary
- Inst. of Evolution, Centre for Ecological Research Budapest Hungary
| | - Jurg W. Spaak
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Inst. of Life‐Earth‐Environment (ILEE), Namur Inst. for Complex Systems (NAXYS), Univ. de Namur Namur Belgium
| | - Simone Fontana
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Univ. of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Inst. WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland
- Abteilung Natur und Landschaft, Amt für Natur, Jagd und Fischerei, Kanton St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Thomas Neyens
- Center for Statistics, Data Science Inst., Hasselt Univ. Hasselt Belgium
- L‐BioStat, Dept of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Frederik De Laender
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Inst. of Life‐Earth‐Environment (ILEE), Namur Inst. for Complex Systems (NAXYS), Univ. de Namur Namur Belgium
| | - Marc Aerts
- Center for Statistics, Data Science Inst., Hasselt Univ. Hasselt Belgium
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9
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Ding Y, Pan B, Zhao X, Zhao G, Han X, Li M. Will a heavy sediment load affect responses of phytoplankton functional groups to aquatic environmental changes in different water body types? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155863. [PMID: 35568163 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sediment, as a natural component of rivers, directly affects the abundance and function of phytoplankton by altering water physicochemical properties. Despite mounting evidence for the sensitivity of phytoplankton to environmental factors, the responses of phytoplankton functional groups to complex environmental changes in rivers with a heavy sediment load are still poorly understood. Herein, the effectiveness of phytoplankton functional groups was evaluated as an indicator of aquatic environmental changes in a heavily sediment-laden river. Samples were collected from 44 sites (22 free-flowing river sections and 22 man-made reservoir sections) with a mean annual sediment concentration of 4.69 kg m-3 in the Yellow River, China. A total of 31 phytoplankton functional groups were classified during spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) in 2019. Groups C, MP, and D, which are well adapted to strong water disturbances and turbid habitats, showed distinct advantages over other groups. Despite no significant differences in many environmental variables between the river and reservoir sections, these variables (especially nitrogen nutrients) had remarkable effects on the phytoplankton community structure. The phytoplankton functional groups were sensitive to environmental changes even under sediment interference, although geo-climatic variables also exhibited non-trivial effects. The mean niche breadth of the abundant taxa (river: 11.16; reservoir: 7.93) was higher than that of the rare taxa (river: 5.64; reservoir: 4.86) in different water bodies. Thus, growth and diffusion of the abundant taxa played paramount roles in maintaining ecosystem stability. The results indicate that, in a large-scale sediment-laden river, phytoplankton functional groups can effectively indicate changes in the aquatic environment of either a free-flowing river or a man-made reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Baozhu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Gengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Xu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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10
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Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Tao J, Ye L, Wang H, Shan K, Jeppesen E, Song L. Water depth and land-use intensity indirectly determine phytoplankton functional diversity and further regulate resource use efficiency at a multi-lake scale. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155303. [PMID: 35447191 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships under multiple pressures have recently been the subject of broad studies. For the key primary producer in aquatic ecosystems, phytoplankton, several studies have focused on trait-based functional diversity (FD) and the related functioning (e.g., resource use efficiency, RUE), and their linkages. However, investigations of the effects of environmental factors at different levels (e.g., land use, lake morphometry, climate and nutrients) on FD and RUE are sparse. We developed a data-driven-model framework to simultaneously elucidate the effects of multiple drivers on FD (functional diversity based on dendrograms, FDc and functional richness, FRic) and RUE (of nitrogen and phosphorus) of phytoplankton based on data from 68 Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau lakes, Southwest China. We found that the concentration of total phosphorus, which is mainly affected by land-use intensity and influenced by water depth, was the primary (positive) driver of changes in both FDc and FRic, while RUE was mainly explained by phytoplankton FD (i.e., FRic). These results indicate that water depth and land-use intensity influence indirectly phytoplankton FD and further regulate RUE. Moreover, nonlinear correlations of RUE with FRic were found, which may be caused by interspecific competition and niche differentiation of the phytoplankton community related to nutrient levels. Our finding may help managers to set trade-off targets between FD and RUE in lake ecosystems except for extremely polluted ones, in which the thresholds derived from the Bayesian network, of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and land-use intensity were approximately 0.04 mg/L, 0.50 mg/L and 244 (unitless), respectively. The probability of meeting the RUE objectives was lower in shallow lakes than in deep lakes, but for FRic the opposite was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Zhou
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Yunnan Research Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Kunming 650034, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kun Shan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg 8600, Denmark; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing 100049, China; Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Mao F, Li W, Sim ZY, He Y, Chen Q, Yew-Hoong Gin K. Phycocyanin-rich Synechococcus dominates the blooms in a tropical estuary lake. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 311:114889. [PMID: 35287073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms challenge the safe water supply in estuary reservoirs. Yet, data are limited for the variation of phytoplankton dynamics during an algal bloom event at refined scales, which is essential for interpreting the formation and cessation of blooms. The present study investigated the biweekly abundances and dynamics of pico- and nano-phytoplankton in a tropical estuary lake following a prolonged bloom event. Flow cytometry analysis resolved eight phenotypically distinct groups of phytoplankton assigned to nano-eukaryotes (nano-EU), pico/nano-eukaryotes (PicoNano-EU), cryptophyte-like cells (CRPTO), Microcystis-like cells (MIC), pico-eukaryotes (Pico-EU) and three groups of Synechococcus-like cells. Total phytoplankton abundance ranged widely from 2.4 × 104 to 2.8 × 106 cells cm-3. The phytoplankton community was dominated by Synechococcus-like cells with high phycocyanin content (SYN-PC). Temporal dynamics of the phytoplankton community was phytoplankton- and site-specific. Peak values were observed for SYN-PC, SYN-PE2 (Synechococcus-like cells with low levels of phycoerythrin) and Pico-EU, while the temporal dynamics of other groups were less pronounced. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed the importance of turbidity as an abiotic factor in the formation of the current SYN-PC induced blooms, and Spearman correlation analysis suggested a competitive relationship between SYN-PC and Pico-EU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijian Mao
- Center for Eco-Environment Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210098, China; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, #02-01, Singapore, 117411, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Wenxuan Li
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, #02-01, Singapore, 117411, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Zhi Yang Sim
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, #02-01, Singapore, 117411, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Yiliang He
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- Center for Eco-Environment Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, #02-01, Singapore, 117411, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 Create Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, E1A 07-03, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
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12
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Hillebrand H, Acevedo‐Trejos E, Moorthi SD, Ryabov A, Striebel M, Thomas PK, Schneider M. Cell size as driver and sentinel of phytoplankton community structure and functioning. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Hillebrand
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of Marine Environments [ICBM] Plankton Ecology Lab Carl‐von‐Ossietzky University Oldenburg Wilhelmshaven Germany
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg [HIFMB] Oldenburg Germany
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz‐Centre for Polar and Marine Research [AWI] Bremerhaven Germany
| | - Esteban Acevedo‐Trejos
- Earth Surface Process Modelling Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
| | - Stefanie D. Moorthi
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of Marine Environments [ICBM] Plankton Ecology Lab Carl‐von‐Ossietzky University Oldenburg Wilhelmshaven Germany
| | - Alexey Ryabov
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of Marine Environments [ICBM] Mathematical Modelling Carl‐von‐Ossietzky University Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany
- Institute of Forest Growth and Computer Science Technische Universität Dresden Tharandt Germany
| | - Maren Striebel
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of Marine Environments [ICBM] Plankton Ecology Lab Carl‐von‐Ossietzky University Oldenburg Wilhelmshaven Germany
| | - Patrick K. Thomas
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of Marine Environments [ICBM] Plankton Ecology Lab Carl‐von‐Ossietzky University Oldenburg Wilhelmshaven Germany
| | - Marie‐Luise Schneider
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of Marine Environments [ICBM] Plankton Ecology Lab Carl‐von‐Ossietzky University Oldenburg Wilhelmshaven Germany
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13
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Perrin W, Fontana S, Coq S, Berlioz L, Jay-Robert P, Moretti M. The Influence of Fine-Scale Grazing Heterogeneity on Dung Beetle Assemblages: What Trait Analysis Teaches Us. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:1332-1343. [PMID: 34580707 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Livestock grazing puts major anthropogenic pressure on biological communities worldwide. Not all species are expected to be affected in the same way, and the impacts will depend on species' traits. Focusing on traits thus helps identify the mechanisms underlying changes in community composition under grazing pressures. We investigated how fine-scale grazing heterogeneity affects the trait composition and diversity of dung beetle assemblages in Western Europe. We sampled dung beetles in habitat patches differing in terms of grazing intensity within rangelands of two distinct biogeographical areas: a Mediterranean lowland steppe and Western alpine meadows. We measured five morphological traits expected to respond to the local-scale filtering pressure exerted by variations in grazing intensity. Using individual-based data, we assessed responses in terms of single-trait mean values in communities and complementary trait diversity indices. We found strong shifts in trait composition and diversity between the habitat patches. In both study areas, variations in habitat conditions are likely to have filtered the local occurrence and abundance of dung beetles by the mean of traits such as body mass (which have several functional implications), as well as traits linked to underground activity. We hypothesize that fine-scale variation in resource availability (i.e., droppings) and disturbance intensity (i.e., trampling) are key drivers of the observed patterns in species assemblages. Trait richness peaks at moderate grazing intensity in both study areas, suggesting that patches with an intermediated level of available resources and soil disturbance enable individuals with a greater range of autecological requirements to coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Perrin
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Simone Fontana
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylvain Coq
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Berlioz
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Jay-Robert
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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14
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Olusoji OD, Spaak JW, Holmes M, Neyens T, Aerts M, De Laender F. cyanoFilter: An R package to identify phytoplankton populations from flow cytometry data using cell pigmentation and granularity. Ecol Modell 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Merz E, Kozakiewicz T, Reyes M, Ebi C, Isles P, Baity-Jesi M, Roberts P, Jaffe JS, Dennis SR, Hardeman T, Stevens N, Lorimer T, Pomati F. Underwater dual-magnification imaging for automated lake plankton monitoring. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117524. [PMID: 34418642 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Dual Scripps Plankton Camera (DSPC) is a new approach for automated in-situ monitoring of phyto- and zooplankton communities based on a dual magnification dark-field imaging microscope. Here, we present the DSPC and its associated image processing while evaluating its capabilities in i) detecting and characterizing plankton species of different size and taxonomic categories and ii) measuring their abundance in both laboratory and field applications. In the laboratory, body size and abundance estimates by the DSPC significantly and robustly scaled with measurements derived by microscopy. In the field, a DSPC installed permanently at 3 m depth in Lake Greifensee (Switzerland) delivered images of plankton individuals, colonies, and heterospecific aggregates at hourly timescales without disrupting natural arrangements of interacting organisms, their microenvironment or their behavior. The DSPC was able to track the dynamics of taxa, mostly at the genus level, in the size range between ∼10 μm to ∼ 1 cm, covering many components of the planktonic food web (including parasites and potentially toxic cyanobacteria). Comparing data from the field-deployed DSPC to traditional sampling and microscopy revealed a general overall agreement in estimates of plankton diversity and abundances. The most significant disagreements between traditional methods and the DSPC resided in the measurements of zooplankton community properties. Our data suggest that the DSPC is better equipped to study the dynamics and demography of heterogeneously distributed organisms such as zooplankton, because high temporal resolution and continuous sampling offer more information and less variability in taxa detection and quantification than traditional sampling. Time series collected by the DSPC depicted ecological succession patterns, algal bloom dynamics and diel fluctuations with a temporal frequency and morphological resolution that was never observed by traditional methods. Access to high frequency, reproducible and real-time data of a large spectrum of the planktonic ecosystem expands our understanding of both applied and fundamental plankton ecology. We conclude the DSPC is robust for both research and water quality monitoring and suitable for stable long-term deployments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Merz
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Thea Kozakiewicz
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marta Reyes
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Christian Ebi
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Peter Isles
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marco Baity-Jesi
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Paul Roberts
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0238, United States; Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, United States
| | - Jules S Jaffe
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0238, United States
| | - Stuart R Dennis
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hardeman
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Nelson Stevens
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Tom Lorimer
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego,9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0238, United States
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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17
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Moretti M, Fontana S, Carscadden KA, MacIvor JS. Reproductive trait differences drive offspring production in urban cavity-nesting bees and wasps. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:9932-9948. [PMID: 34367550 PMCID: PMC8328425 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The contrasting and idiosyncratic changes in biodiversity that have been documented across urbanization gradients call for a more mechanistic understanding of urban community assembly. The reproductive success of organisms in cities should underpin their population persistence and the maintenance of biodiversity in urban landscapes. We propose that exploring individual-level reproductive traits and environmental drivers of reproductive success could provide the necessary links between environmental conditions, offspring production, and biodiversity in urban areas. For 3 years, we studied cavity-nesting solitary bees and wasps in four urban green space types across Toronto, Canada. We measured three reproductive traits of each nest: the total number of brood cells, the proportion of parasite-free cells, and the proportion of non-emerged brood cells that were parasite-free. We determined (a) how reproductive traits, trait diversity and offspring production respond to multiple environmental variables and (b) how well reproductive trait variation explains the offspring production of single nests, by reflecting the different ways organisms navigate trade-offs between gathering of resources and exposure to parasites. Our results showed that environmental variables were poor predictors of mean reproductive trait values, trait diversity, and offspring production. However, offspring production was highly positively correlated with reproductive trait evenness and negatively correlated with trait richness and divergence. This suggests that a narrow range of reproductive traits are optimal for reproduction, and the even distribution of individual reproductive traits across those optimal phenotypes is consistent with the idea that selection could favor diverse reproductive strategies to reduce competition. This study is novel in its exploration of individual-level reproductive traits and its consideration of multiple axes of urbanization. Reproductive trait variation did not follow previously reported biodiversity-urbanization patterns; the insensitivity to urbanization gradients raise questions about the role of the spatial mosaic of habitats in cities and the disconnections between different metrics of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation BiologySwiss Federal Research Institute WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Simone Fontana
- Biodiversity and Conservation BiologySwiss Federal Research Institute WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
- Nature Conservation and Landscape EcologyUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Kelly A. Carscadden
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA
| | - J. Scott MacIvor
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada
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Fontana S, Rasmann S, de Bello F, Pomati F, Moretti M. Reconciling trait based perspectives along a trait-integration continuum. Ecology 2021; 102:e03472. [PMID: 34260747 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Trait based ecology has developed fast in the last decades, aiming to both explain mechanisms of community assembly, and predict patterns in nature, such as the effects of biodiversity shifts on key ecosystem processes. This body of work has stimulated the development of several conceptual frameworks and analytical methods, as well as the production of trait databases covering a growing number of taxa and organizational levels (from individuals to guilds). However, this breeding ground of novel concepts and tools currently lacks a general and coherent framework, under which functional traits can help ecologists organize their research aims, and serve as the common currency to unify several scientific disciplines. Specifically, we see a need to bridge the gaps between community ecology, ecosystem ecology, and evolutionary biology, in order to address the most pressing environmental issues of our time. To achieve this integration goal, we define a trait-integration continuum, which reconciles alternative trait definitions and approaches in ecology. This continuum outlines a coherent progression of biological scales, along which traits interact and hierarchically integrate from genetic information, to whole organism fitness-related traits, to trait syndromes and functional groups. Our conceptual scheme proposes that lower-level trait integration is closer to the inference of ecoevolutionary mechanisms determining population and community properties, whereas higher-level trait integration is most suited to the prediction of ecosystem processes. Within these two extremes, trait integration varies on a continuous scale, which relates directly to the inductive-deductive loop that should characterize the scientific method. With our proposed framework, we aim to facilitate scientists in contextualising their research based on the trait-integration levels that matter most to their specific goals. Explicitly acknowledging the existence of a trait-integration continuum is a promising way for framing the appropriate questions, thus obtaining reliable answers and results that are comparable across studies and disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Fontana
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland.,Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Straße 4, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Sergio Rasmann
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Francesco de Bello
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Na Zlate Stoce 1, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic.,Desertification Research Centre (CIDE-CSIC), Carretera Moncada-Náquera, Km 4,5, Moncada (Valencia), 46113, Spain
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
| | - Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
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19
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Joonas E, Olli K, Kahru A, Aruoja V. Biodiversity and functional trait effects on copper toxicity in a proof-of-concept multispecies microalgal assay. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Liu C, Li Y, Yan P, He N. How to Improve the Predictions of Plant Functional Traits on Ecosystem Functioning? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:622260. [PMID: 33633766 PMCID: PMC7901955 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.622260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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21
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Zhong D, Listmann L, Santelia ME, Schaum CE. Functional redundancy in natural pico-phytoplankton communities depends on temperature and biogeography. Biol Lett 2020; 16:20200330. [PMID: 32810430 PMCID: PMC7480144 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity affects ecosystem function, and how this relationship will change in a warming world is a major and well-examined question in ecology. Yet, it remains understudied for pico-phytoplankton communities, which contribute to carbon cycles and aquatic food webs year-round. Observational studies show a link between phytoplankton community diversity and ecosystem stability, but there is only scarce causal or empirical evidence. Here, we sampled phytoplankton communities from two geographically related regions with distinct thermal and biological properties in the Southern Baltic Sea and carried out a series of dilution/regrowth experiments across three assay temperatures. This allowed us to investigate the effects of loss of rare taxa and establish causal links in natural communities between species richness and several ecologically relevant traits (e.g. size, biomass production, and oxygen production), depending on sampling location and assay temperature. We found that the samples' biogeographical origin determined whether and how functional redundancy changed as a function of temperature for all traits under investigation. Samples obtained from the slightly warmer and more thermally variable regions showed overall high functional redundancy. Samples from the slightly cooler, less variable, stations showed little functional redundancy, i.e. function decreased when species were lost from the community. The differences between regions were more pronounced at elevated assay temperatures. Our results imply that the importance of rare species and the amount of species required to maintain ecosystem function even under short-term warming may differ drastically even within geographically closely related regions of the same ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyi Zhong
- Institute for Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, 22767 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luisa Listmann
- Institute for Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.,Centre for Earth System Science and Sustainability, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria-Elisabetta Santelia
- Institute for Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.,Centre for Earth System Science and Sustainability, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - C-Elisa Schaum
- Institute for Marine Ecosystem and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.,Centre for Earth System Science and Sustainability, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Johnson DR, Pomati F. A brief guide for the measurement and interpretation of microbial functional diversity. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:3039-3048. [PMID: 32608092 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The importance of functional diversity for the functioning and behaviour of microbial communities is clear, yet the widespread incorporation of functional diversity measurements into environmental microbiology study designs remains surprisingly limited. This may, at least to some extent, be a consequence of the unique conceptual and methodological challenges to measuring functional diversity in microbial communities. To facilitate the increased incorporation of functional diversity measurements into environmental microbiology study designs, we review here the process and some key caveats for measuring functional diversity and provide specific examples. We highlight three main decision points and provide guidance to making these decisions based on the underlying mechanisms for how functional diversity relates to an ecosystem process or property of interest. We discuss the selection of an appropriate type of functional trait, selection of the specificity at which functional diversity will be measured, and selection of an appropriate metric for estimating functional diversity from quantitative measures of those traits. We further discuss decisions regarding the use of one- or multi-dimensional measures of functional diversity and how advances in the field of trait-based community ecology could be applied or adapted to address questions in environmental microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Johnson
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Institute of Integrative Biology, ETHZ, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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23
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Environmental drivers of metabolic heterogeneity in clonal microbial populations. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 62:202-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Wang H, Zhao D, Chen L, Giesy JP, Zhang W, Yuan C, Ni L, Shen H, Xie P. Light, but Not Nutrients, Drives Seasonal Congruence of Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of Phytoplankton in a Eutrophic Highland Lake in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:179. [PMID: 32210990 PMCID: PMC7067047 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Information on temporal dynamics of phytoplankton communities and their responses to environmental factors can provide insights into mechanisms driving succession of phytoplankton communities that is useful in programs to manage and or remediate undesirable assemblages. Populations of phytoplankton can be controlled by bottom-up factors such as nutrients and temperature or top-down such as predation by zooplankton. Traditionally, taxonomic diversity based on morphologies has been the measure used for analysis of responses to environmental factors. Recently, according to functional groupings, including functional groups (FG), morpho-FG (MFG), and morphology-based FG (MBFG), functional diversity has been used to represent functional aspects of phytoplankton communities. However, to what extent these taxonomic and functional groupings are congruent at seasonal time-scales and the main environmental factors, which drive succession, have remained less studied. Here, we analyzed absolute and relative proportions of a phytoplankton community during a 3-year period in Lake Erhai, a eutrophic highland lake in China. Alpha diversity and beta diversity, as measured by Shannon-Wiener and Bray-Curtis indices of taxonomic grouping and three functional groupings (FG, MFG, and MBFG) were applied to investigate environmental factors determining diversity. Significant, positive relationships were observed between taxonomic diversity and functional diversity that were strongly linked through seasons. In order to exclude the influence of dominant species' tolerance to extreme environments, the dominant species were excluded one by one, and the results showed that residual communities still exhibited similar patterns of succession. This synchronous temporal pattern was not principally driven by the dominant genera (Microcystis, Psephonema, and Mougeotia). Instead, the entire phytoplankton community assemblages were important in the pattern. Most diversity indices of taxonomic and functional groupings were significantly correlated with solar irradiance, but not nutrient concentrations. Because the lake is eutrophic and there were already sufficient nutrients available, additional nutrients had little effect on seasonal taxonomic and functional diversity of phytoplankton in Lake Erhai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Guangzhou Chengyi Aquaculture Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Faculty of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - John P. Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Changbo Yuan
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Leyi Ni
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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25
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Fontana S, Berg MP, Moretti M. Intraspecific niche partitioning in macrodetritivores enhances mixed leaf litter decomposition. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Fontana
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Matty P. Berg
- Animal Ecology Group Department of Ecological Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Community and Conservation Ecology Group Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland
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26
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Baho DL, Pomati F, Leu E, Hessen DO, Moe SJ, Norberg J, Nizzetto L. A single pulse of diffuse contaminants alters the size distribution of natural phytoplankton communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 683:578-588. [PMID: 31150881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of a multitude of bioactive organic pollutants collectively classified as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in freshwaters is of concern, considering that ecological assessments of their potential impacts on natural systems are still scarce. In this field experiment we tested whether a single pulse exposure to a mixture of 12 pharmaceuticals and personal care products, which are commonly found in European inland waters, can influence the size distributions of natural lake phytoplankton communities. Size is one of the most influential determinants of community structure and functioning, particularly in planktonic communities and food webs. Using an in-situ microcosm approach, phytoplankton communities in two lakes with different nutrient levels (mesotrophic and eutrophic) were exposed to a concentration gradient of the PPCPs mixture at five levels. We tested whether sub-lethal PPCPs doses affect the scaling of organisms' abundances with their size, and the slope of these size spectra, which describe changes in the abundances of small relative to large phytoplankton. Our results showed that a large proportion (approximately 80%) of the dataset followed a power-law distribution, thus suggesting evidence of scale invariance of abundances, as expected in steady state ecosystems. PPCPs were however found to induce significant changes in the size spectra and community structure of natural phytoplankton assemblages. The two highest treatment levels of PPCPs were associated with decreased abundance of the most dominant size class (nano-phytoplankton: 2-5 μm), leading to a flattening of the size spectra slope. These results suggest that a pulse exposure to PPCPs induce changes that potentially lead to unsteady ecosystem states and cascading effects in the aquatic food webs, by favoring larger non-edible algae at the expense of small edible species. We propose higher susceptibility due to higher surface to volume ratio in small species as the likely cause of these structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier L Baho
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Leu
- Akvaplan-niva, CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- University of Oslo, Dept. Biosciences, Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Jannicke Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Norberg
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway; RECETOX, Masarik University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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27
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Wolf KKE, Romanelli E, Rost B, John U, Collins S, Weigand H, Hoppe CJM. Company matters: The presence of other genotypes alters traits and intraspecific selection in an Arctic diatom under climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:2869-2884. [PMID: 31058393 PMCID: PMC6852494 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Arctic phytoplankton and their response to future conditions shape one of the most rapidly changing ecosystems on the planet. We tested how much the phenotypic responses of strains from the same Arctic diatom population diverge and whether the physiology and intraspecific composition of multistrain populations differs from expectations based on single strain traits. To this end, we conducted incubation experiments with the diatom Thalassiosira hyalina under present-day and future temperature and pCO2 treatments. Six fresh isolates from the same Svalbard population were incubated as mono- and multistrain cultures. For the first time, we were able to closely follow intraspecific selection within an artificial population using microsatellites and allele-specific quantitative PCR. Our results showed not only that there is substantial variation in how strains of the same species cope with the tested environments but also that changes in genotype composition, production rates, and cellular quotas in the multistrain cultures are not predictable from monoculture performance. Nevertheless, the physiological responses as well as strain composition of the artificial populations were highly reproducible within each environment. Interestingly, we only detected significant strain sorting in those populations exposed to the future treatment. This study illustrates that the genetic composition of populations can change on very short timescales through selection from the intraspecific standing stock, indicating the potential for rapid population level adaptation to climate change. We further show that individuals adjust their phenotype not only in response to their physicochemical but also to their biological surroundings. Such intraspecific interactions need to be understood in order to realistically predict ecosystem responses to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara K. E. Wolf
- Marine BiogeosciencesAlfred Wegener Institut – Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und MeeresforschungBremerhavenGermany
| | - Elisa Romanelli
- Marine BiogeosciencesAlfred Wegener Institut – Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und MeeresforschungBremerhavenGermany
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia
| | - Björn Rost
- Marine BiogeosciencesAlfred Wegener Institut – Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und MeeresforschungBremerhavenGermany
- University of BremenBremenGermany
| | - Uwe John
- Marine BiogeosciencesAlfred Wegener Institut – Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und MeeresforschungBremerhavenGermany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB)OldenburgGermany
| | - Sinead Collins
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Hannah Weigand
- Aquatic Ecosystem Research, Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Clara J. M. Hoppe
- Marine BiogeosciencesAlfred Wegener Institut – Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Polar‐ und MeeresforschungBremerhavenGermany
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28
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Maynard DS, Serván CA, Capitán JA, Allesina S. Phenotypic variability promotes diversity and stability in competitive communities. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:1776-1786. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Maynard
- Department of Ecology & Evolution University of Chicago Chicago IL USA
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Carlos A. Serván
- Department of Ecology & Evolution University of Chicago Chicago IL USA
| | - José A. Capitán
- Complex Systems Group, Department of Applied Mathematics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Stefano Allesina
- Department of Ecology & Evolution University of Chicago Chicago IL USA
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems Evanston IL USA
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29
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Kallenbach CM, Wallenstein MD, Schipanksi ME, Grandy AS. Managing Agroecosystems for Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency: Ecological Unknowns, Potential Outcomes, and a Path Forward. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1146. [PMID: 31178846 PMCID: PMC6543778 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural systems are increasingly managed for improving soil carbon (C) accumulation. However, there are limits to C returns in agricultural systems that constrain soil C accumulation capacity. Increasing the efficiency of how soil microbes process C is gaining interest as an important management strategy for increasing soil C and is a key feature of soil C dynamics in many new microbial-explicit models. A higher microbial C use efficiency (CUE) may increase C storage while reducing C system losses and is a fundamental trait affecting community assembly dynamics and nutrient cycling. However, the numerous ecological unknowns influencing CUE limit our ability to effectively manage CUE in agricultural soils for greater soil C storage. In this perspective, we consider three complex drivers of agroecosystem CUE that need to be resolved to develop effective C sequestration management practices in the future: (1) the environment as an individual trait moderator versus a filter, (2) microbial community competitive and faciliatory interactions, and (3) spatiotemporal dynamics through the soil profile and across the microbial lifecycle. We highlight ways that amendments, crop rotations, and tillage practices might affect microbial CUE conditions and the variable outcomes of these practices. We argue that to resolve some of the unknowns of CUE dynamics, we need to include more mechanistic, trait-based approaches that capitalize on advanced methods and innovative field research designs within an agroecosystem-specific context. By identifying the management-level determinants of CUE expression, we will be better positioned to optimize CUE to increase soil C storage in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M Kallenbach
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.,Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew D Wallenstein
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.,Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Meagan E Schipanksi
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - A Stuart Grandy
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
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30
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Manzella M, Geiss R, Hall EK. Evaluating the stoichiometric trait distributions of cultured bacterial populations and uncultured microbial communities. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:3613-3626. [PMID: 31090973 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We measured the stoichiometric trait distribution of cultured freshwater bacterial populations under different resource conditions and compared them to natural microbial communities sampled from three lakes. Trait distributions showed population differences among growth phases and community differences among lakes that would have been masked by only reporting the mean biomass value. The stoichiometric trait distribution of the environmental isolates changed with P availability, growth phase and genotype, with P availability having the strongest effect. The distribution of biomass ratios within each isolate growth experiment were the most constrained during the stages of rapid growth and commonly had unimodal distributions. In contrast to the population distributions, the distribution of N:P and C:P for a similar number of cells from each of the lake communities had narrower stoichiometric distributions and more commonly exhibited multiple modes. © 2019 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Manzella
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.,Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Roy Geiss
- Central Instrument Facility, Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Ed K Hall
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.,Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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31
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Stravs MA, Pomati F, Hollender J. Biodiversity Drives Micropollutant Biotransformation in Freshwater Phytoplankton Assemblages. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4265-4273. [PMID: 30871313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b07018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biotransformation of chemical pollutants is an ecological process requiring multifunctionality (multiple metabolic pathways) and, potentially, high biodiversity. Phytoplankton communities are highly diverse functionally and taxonomically and co-occur with complex mixtures of organic pollutants in aquatic environments. Here, we investigated how phytoplankton species richness (SR) and class richness (CR) determine the biotransformation of a mixture of 37 structurally diverse pollutants using laboratory experiments and analysis of high-resolution mass spectrometry data. Laboratory phytoplankton communities were assembled from pure cultures by creating a gradient from one to five taxonomic groups, and 5 to 11 total species, in defined medium. The biotransformation of pollutants over 6 days and the total number of transformed chemicals increased with CR for 13 considerably transformed compounds. The total number of transformation products (TPs, up to 42) was positively affected by both CR and SR: CR had a positive effect on stable TPs found, and SR led to more transient TPs. Our data indicate that both taxonomic and functional diversity are important for biotransformation of anthropogenic chemicals in phytoplankton and suggest that plankton biodiversity could play a role in the remediation of pollutant loads in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Stravs
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Eawag , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zürich , Universitätstrasse 16 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Eawag , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Biology , ETH Zürich , Universitätstrasse 16 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Eawag , Überlandstrasse 133 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zürich , Universitätstrasse 16 , 8092 Zürich , Switzerland
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32
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Coculturing Bacteria Leads to Reduced Phenotypic Heterogeneities. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02814-18. [PMID: 30796063 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02814-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Isogenic bacterial populations are known to exhibit phenotypic heterogeneity at the single-cell level. Because of difficulties in assessing the phenotypic heterogeneity of a single taxon in a mixed community, the importance of this deeper level of organization remains relatively unknown for natural communities. In this study, we have used membrane-based microcosms that allow the probing of the phenotypic heterogeneity of a single taxon while interacting with a synthetic or natural community. Individual taxa were studied under axenic conditions, as members of a coculture with physical separation, and as a mixed culture. Phenotypic heterogeneity was assessed through both flow cytometry and Raman spectroscopy. Using this setup, we investigated the effect of microbial interactions on the individual phenotypic heterogeneities of two interacting drinking water isolates. Through flow cytometry we have demonstrated that interactions between these bacteria lead to a reduction of their individual phenotypic diversities and that this adjustment is conditional on the bacterial taxon. Single-cell Raman spectroscopy confirmed a taxon-dependent phenotypic shift due to the interaction. In conclusion, our data suggest that bacterial interactions may be a general driver of phenotypic heterogeneity in mixed microbial populations.IMPORTANCE Laboratory studies have shown the impact of phenotypic heterogeneity on the survival and functionality of isogenic populations. Because phenotypic heterogeneity plays an important role in pathogenicity and virulence, antibiotic resistance, biotechnological applications, and ecosystem properties, it is crucial to understand its influencing factors. An unanswered question is whether bacteria in mixed communities influence the phenotypic heterogeneity of their community partners. We found that coculturing bacteria leads to a reduction in their individual phenotypic heterogeneities, which led us to the hypothesis that the individual phenotypic diversity of a taxon is dependent on the community composition.
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33
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Hodapp D, Hillebrand H, Striebel M. “Unifying” the Concept of Resource Use Efficiency in Ecology. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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34
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Light limitation increases multidimensional trait evenness in phytoplankton populations. ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:1159-1167. [PMID: 30617295 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Individual-level variation arising from responses to environmental gradients influences population and community dynamics. How such responses empirically relate to the mechanisms that govern species coexistence is, however, poorly understood. Previous results from l ake phytoplankton communities suggested that the evenness of organismal traits in multiple dimensions increases with resource limitation, possibly due to resource partitioning at the individual level. Here we experimentally tested the emergence of this pattern by growing two phytoplankton species (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Microcystis aeruginosa) under a gradient of light intensity, in monoculture and jointly. Under low light (resource) conditions, the populations diversified into a wide range of phenotypes, which were evenly distributed in multidimensional trait space (defined by four pigment-related trait dimensions), consistent with the observed field pattern. Our interpretation is that under conditions of light limitation, individual phytoplankton cells alter photosynthetic traits to reduce overlap in light acquisition, acquiring unexploited resources and thereby likely maximising individual success. Our results provide prime experimental evidence that resource limitation increases the evenness of conspecific and heterospecific microbial phenotypes along trait axes, advancing our understanding of trait-based coexistence.
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Ellers J, Berg MP, Dias ATC, Fontana S, Ooms A, Moretti M. Diversity in form and function: Vertical distribution of soil fauna mediates multidimensional trait variation. J Anim Ecol 2018; 87:933-944. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacintha Ellers
- Department of Ecological Science; Animal Ecology Group; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Matty P. Berg
- Department of Ecological Science; Animal Ecology Group; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science; Community and Conservation Ecology Group; Rijksuniversiteit Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - André T. C. Dias
- Departamento de Ecologia; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Simone Fontana
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Astra Ooms
- Department of Ecological Science; Animal Ecology Group; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf Switzerland
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