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Wang YR, Samset BH, Stordal F, Bryn A, Hessen DO. Past and future trends of diurnal temperature range and their correlation with vegetation assessed by MODIS and CMIP6. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:166727. [PMID: 37673261 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Temperature anomalies and changes in the diurnal temperature range (DTR) are expected to pose physiological challenges to biota; hence, both spatial and temporal variations in DTR provide important insights into temperature-induced stress in humans, animals, and vegetation. Furthermore, vegetation could dampen temperature variability. Here, we use the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing data of Land Surface Temperature (LST) to evaluate the global variation in DTR and its rate of change in spatial and temporal scales for the two decades spanning from 2001 to 2020. We show that North America, Africa, and Antarctica, as well as the global mean, experienced statistically significant DTR rates of change over the last 20 years in either summer, winter, or the annual mean. The rates were all negative, indicating the day-night temperature differences are decreasing in those regions because night temperatures are increasing at a faster rate than day temperatures. MODIS data of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) revealed a strongly negative correlation with DTR, with a spatial correlation coefficient of -0.61. This correlation demonstrates a prominent dampening effect of vegetation on diurnal temperature oscillations. For future DTR projections, we used 19 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) to predict global DTR trends from 2021 to 2050 with low and high CO2 concentration scenarios. The high CO2 emission scenario projects significant decreases in DTR in circumpolar regions, central Africa, and India compared to the low CO2 scenario. This difference in the two scenarios underscores the substantial influence of increased global temperatures and elevated CO2 concentration on DTR and, consequently, on the ecosystems in certain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ren Wang
- Dept. Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Marine Affairs, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Dept. Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
| | - Bjørn H Samset
- CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo 0349, Norway
| | - Frode Stordal
- Dept. Geosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Anders Bryn
- Natural History Museum and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Dept. Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
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2
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Schultze S, Andersen T, Knudtzon N, Ruus A, Rundberget JT, Brooks SJ, Poste A, Hessen DO, Borgå K. Do DOM quality and origin affect the uptake and accumulation of lipid-soluble contaminants in coastal filter feeders? An experimental simulation of teflubenzuron exposure to blue mussels. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 263:106696. [PMID: 37757569 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The increased export of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (terrDOM) to coastal marine ecosystems may affect local filter feeders and the local food web via the altered uptake of organic material and associated contaminants. To compare terrDOM to marine DOM (marDOM) as contaminant vectors to coastal biota, we exposed blue mussels (Mytilus sp.) to the different DOM types in combination with teflubenzuron, a widely applied lipophilic aquaculture medicine targeting salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). A 16-day exposure of the blue mussels to DOM and teflubenzuron was followed by a depuration phase of 20 days without teflubenzuron. We calculated teflubenzuron adsorption rates and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) using a Bayesian model, expecting teflubenzuron uptake to be greater with terrDOM than marDOM due to the higher prevalence of large amphipathic humic acids in terrDOM. Humic acids have strong absorption properties and are able to envelope lipophilic molecules. Thus, humic acids can function as an efficient contaminant vector when taken up by filter feeders. Although there were varying degrees of overlap, the mussels tended to accumulate higher amounts of teflubenzuron in the DOM treatments than in the seawater control (bioaccumulation factor [BAF] in seawater: median 106 L/kg; 2.5 %-97.5 % percentile: 69-160 L/kg). Contrary to expectations, mussels exposed to marDOM showed a trend toward more bioaccumulation of teflubenzuron than those exposed to terrDOM (BAF marine 144 L/kg; 102-221 L/kg versus BAF terrestrial: 121 L/kg; 82-186 L/kg). The highest teflubenzuron accumulation was observed with the 50:50 mixture of marDOM and terrDOM (BAF mix: 165 L/kg; 117-244 L/kg). The slight difference in DOM-type accumulation rates observed in this experiment-especially the accumulation rate of terrDOM compared to that of the seawater-only treatment type-was not considered environmentally relevant. Further studies are necessary to see if the observed trends transfer to complex environmental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Schultze
- Department of Biosciences, Aquatic Biology and Toxicology and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
| | - Tom Andersen
- Department of Biosciences, Aquatic Biology and Toxicology and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Nina Knudtzon
- Department of Biosciences, Aquatic Biology and Toxicology and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Anders Ruus
- Department of Biosciences, Aquatic Biology and Toxicology and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, Oslo 0579, Norway
| | - Jan T Rundberget
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, Oslo 0579, Norway
| | - Steven J Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, Oslo 0579, Norway
| | - Amanda Poste
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, Oslo 0579, Norway; UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Fram Centre for High North Research, Hjalmar Johansens gate 14, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, Aquatic Biology and Toxicology and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Katrine Borgå
- Department of Biosciences, Aquatic Biology and Toxicology and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
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Xu X, Xu Y, Li J, Lu Y, Jenkins A, Ferrier RC, Li H, Stenseth NC, Hessen DO, Zhang L, Li C, Gu B, Jin S, Sun M, Ouyang Z, Mathijs E. Coupling of crop and livestock production can reduce the agricultural GHG emission from smallholder farms. iScience 2023; 26:106798. [PMID: 37235053 PMCID: PMC10206160 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ensuring global food security and environmental sustainability is dependent upon the contribution of the world's hundred million smallholder farms, but the contributions of smallholder farms to global agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been understudied. We developed a localized agricultural life cycle assessment (LCA) database to calculate GHG emissions and made the first extensive assessment of the smallholder farms' GHG emission reduction potentials by coupling crop and livestock production (CCLP), a redesign of current practices toward sustainable agriculture in China. CCLP can reduce the GHG emission intensity by 17.67%, with its own feed and manure returning to the field as an essential path. Scenario analysis verified that greater GHG emission reduction (28.09%-41.32%) will be achieved by restructuring CCLP. Therefore, this mixed farming is a mode with broader benefits to provide sustainable agricultural practices for reducing GHG emissions fairly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- United Nations Environment Programme-International Ecosystem Management Partnership (UNEP-IEMP), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences University, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Alan Jenkins
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX 10 8BB Oxon, UK
| | | | - Hong Li
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX 10 8BB Oxon, UK
| | - Nils Chr Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, 03160 Oslo 3, Norway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, 03160 Oslo 3, Norway
| | - Linxiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- United Nations Environment Programme-International Ecosystem Management Partnership (UNEP-IEMP), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Baojing Gu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuqin Jin
- Research Center for Rural Economy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100810, China
| | - Mingxing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhu Ouyang
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Erik Mathijs
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
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Wei J, Fontaine L, Valiente N, Dörsch P, Hessen DO, Eiler A. Trajectories of freshwater microbial genomics and greenhouse gas saturation upon glacial retreat. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3234. [PMID: 37270637 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to climate warming, ice sheets around the world are losing mass, contributing to changes across terrestrial landscapes on decadal time spans. However, landscape repercussions on climate are poorly constrained mostly due to limited knowledge on microbial responses to deglaciation. Here, we reveal the genomic succession from chemolithotrophy to photo- and heterotrophy and increases in methane supersaturation in freshwater lakes upon glacial retreat. Arctic lakes at Svalbard also revealed strong microbial signatures form nutrient fertilization by birds. Although methanotrophs were present and increased along lake chronosequences, methane consumption rates were low even in supersaturated systems. Nitrous oxide oversaturation and genomic information suggest active nitrogen cycling across the entire deglaciated landscape, and in the high Arctic, increasing bird populations serve as major modulators at many sites. Our findings show diverse microbial succession patterns, and trajectories in carbon and nitrogen cycle processes representing a positive feedback loop of deglaciation on climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laurent Fontaine
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicolas Valiente
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Center of Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Dörsch
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander Eiler
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
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5
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Zheng X, Lu Y, Ma C, Yuan J, Stenseth NC, Hessen DO, Tian H, Chen D, Chen Y, Zhang S. Greenhouse gas emissions from extractive industries in a globalized era. J Environ Manage 2023; 343:118172. [PMID: 37245306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The extractive industry consumes vast amounts of energy and is a major contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, its climatic impacts have not yet been fully accounted for. In this study, we estimated the GHG emissions from extractive activities globally with a focus on China, and assessed the main emission drivers. In addition, we predicted the Chinese extractive industry emissions in the context of global mineral demand and cycling. As of 2020, GHG emissions from the global extractive industry had reached 7.7 billion tons of CO2 equivalents (CO2e), accounting for approximately 15.0% of the global anthropogenic GHG emissions (excluding GHG emissions from land use, land-use change, and forestry activities (LULUCF), with China being the largest emitter, accounting for 3.5% of global emissions. Extractive industry GHG emissions are projected to peak by 2030 or even earlier to achieve low-carbon peak targets. The most critical pathway for reducing GHG emissions in the extractive industry is to control emissions from coal mining. Therefore, reducing methane emissions from mining and washing coal (MWC) should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Zheng
- School of Economics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Land and Ocean Interface, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Cuimei Ma
- National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Jingjing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Land and Ocean Interface, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Nils Chr Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, 03160, Oslo 3, Norway; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, 03160, Oslo 3, Norway
| | - Hanqin Tian
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, And School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Deliang Chen
- Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yi Chen
- National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100872, China
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6
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Crapart C, Finstad AG, Hessen DO, Vogt RD, Andersen T. Spatial predictors and temporal forecast of total organic carbon levels in boreal lakes. Sci Total Environ 2023; 870:161676. [PMID: 36731567 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Browning of Fennoscandian boreal lakes is raising concerns for negative ecosystem impacts as well as reduced drinking water quality. Declined sulfur deposition and warmer climate, along with afforestation, other climate impacts and less outfield grazing, have resulted in increased fluxes of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) from catchments to freshwater, and subsequently to coastal waters. This study assesses the major governing factors for increased TOC levels among several catchment characteristics in almost 5000 Fennoscandian lakes and catchments. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a proxy for plant biomass, and the proportions of peatland in the catchment, along with surface runoff intensity and nitrogen deposition loading, were identified as the main spatial predictors for lake TOC concentrations. A multiple linear model, based on these explanatory variables, was used to simulate future TOC concentration in surface runoff from coastal drainage basins in 2050 and 2100, using the forecasts of climatic variables in two of the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP): 1-2.6 (+2 °C) and 3-7.0 (+4,5 °C). These scenarios yield contrasting effects. SSP 1-2.6 predicts an overall decrease of TOC export to coastal waters, while SSP 3-7.0 in contrast leads to an increase in TOC export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Crapart
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, 0315 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anders G Finstad
- Department of Natural History, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf D Vogt
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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7
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Puts IC, Ask J, Siewert MB, Sponseller RA, Hessen DO, Bergström A. Landscape determinants of pelagic and benthic primary production in northern lakes. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:7063-7077. [PMID: 36054573 PMCID: PMC9826228 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global change affects gross primary production (GPP) in benthic and pelagic habitats of northern lakes by influencing catchment characteristics and lake water biogeochemistry. However, how changes in key environmental drivers manifest and impact total (i.e., benthic + pelagic) GPP and the partitioning of total GPP between habitats represented by the benthic share (autotrophic structuring) is unclear. Using a dataset from 26 shallow lakes located across Arctic, subarctic, and boreal northern Sweden, we investigate how catchment properties (air temperature, land cover, hydrology) affect lake physico-chemistry and patterns of total GPP and autotrophic structuring. We find that total GPP was mostly light limited, due to high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations originating from catchment soils with coniferous vegetation and wetlands, which is further promoted by high catchment runoff. In contrast, autotrophic structuring related mostly to the relative size of the benthic habitat, and was potentially modified by CO2 fertilization in the subarctic, resulting in significantly higher total GPP relative to the other biomes. Across Arctic and subarctic sites, DIC and CO2 were unrelated to DOC, indicating that external inputs of inorganic carbon can influence lake productivity patterns independent of terrestrial DOC supply. By comparison, DOC and CO2 were correlated across boreal lakes, suggesting that DOC mineralization acts as an important CO2 source for these sites. Our results underline that GPP as a resource is regulated by landscape properties, and is sensitive to large-scale global changes (warming, hydrological intensification, recovery of acidification) that promote changes in catchment characteristics and aquatic physico-chemistry. Our findings aid in predicting global change impacts on autotrophic structuring, and thus community structure and resource use of aquatic consumers in general. Given the similarities of global changes across the Northern hemisphere, our findings are likely relevant for northern lakes globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isolde Callisto Puts
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jenny Ask
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Matthias B. Siewert
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Ryan A. Sponseller
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | | | - Ann‐Kristin Bergström
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental ScienceUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
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Walseng B, Durant JM, Hessen DO, Jerstad K, Nilsson ALK, Røstad OW, Slagsvold T. Long-term annual and spatial variation of polygyny in the white-throated dipper ( Cinclus cinclus). Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9416. [PMID: 36284517 PMCID: PMC9587462 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mating strategies are key components in the fitness of organisms, and notably in birds the occurrence of monogamy versus polygyny has attracted wide interest. We address this by a very comprehensive dataset (2899 breeding events spanning the years 1978-2019) of the white-throated dipper Cinclus cinclus. Though the mating system of this species has been regarded as generally monogamous, we find that 7% of all breeding events were performed by polygynous males (approximately 15% of all pairs). The fraction of polygyny has been stable over the entire study period irrespective of population size. The assumption that polygyny is most common at low population density was not supported. Surprisingly, there was no difference between polygynous and monogamous males with regard to the quality of the territories they inhabited, ranked according to their overall frequency of use. The most common age group, first-year breeders, dominated among monogamous males, while among polygynous males second-year breeders were most common, followed by third and first-year breeders. The primary females were in general older than females mated to monogamous males, also when controlled for their general frequency in the population. The majority of the two females mated to a polygynous male, bred in the vicinity of each other. The probability for a male to be involved in polygyny more than once, was significantly higher than by chance, suggesting phenotypic quality differences among males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dag O. Hessen
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | | | | | - Ole W. Røstad
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway
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Wang YR, Buchmann N, Hessen DO, Stordal F, Erisman JW, Vollsnes AV, Andersen T, Dolman H. Disentangling effects of natural and anthropogenic drivers on forest net ecosystem production. Sci Total Environ 2022; 839:156326. [PMID: 35654183 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Net Ecosystem Production (NEP) of forests is the net carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes between land and the atmosphere due to forests' biogeochemical processes. NEP varies with natural drivers such as precipitation, air temperature, solar radiation, plant functional type (PFT), and soil texture, which affect the gross primary production and ecosystem respiration, and thus the net C sequestration. It is also known that deposition of sulphur and nitrogen influences NEP in forest ecosystems. These drivers' respective, unique effects on NEP, however, are often difficult to be individually identified by conventional bivariate analysis. Here we show that by analyzing 22 forest sites with 231 site-year data acquired from FLUXNET database across Europe for the years 2000-2014, the individual, unique effects of these drivers on annual forest CO2 fluxes can be disentangled using Generalized Additive Models (GAM) for nonlinear regression analysis. We show that S and N deposition have substantial impacts on NEP, where S deposition above 5 kg S ha-1 yr-1 can significantly reduce NEP, and N deposition around 22 kg N ha-1 yr-1 has the highest positive effect on NEP. Our results suggest that air quality management of S and N is crucial for maintaining healthy biogeochemical functions of forests to mitigate climate change. Furthermore, the empirical models we developed for estimating NEP of forests can serve as a forest management tool in the context of climate change mitigation. Potential applications include the assessment of forest carbon fluxes in the REDD+ framework of the UNFCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ren Wang
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway; Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands.
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Frode Stordal
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Jan Willem Erisman
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden 2311, the Netherlands
| | - Ane Victoria Vollsnes
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Han Dolman
- Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel 1797 SZ, the Netherlands
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10
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Hessen DO. A Hippocratic oath is needed for the unborn. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2021; 141:21-0593. [PMID: 34505471 DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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11
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Fontaine L, Khomich M, Andersen T, Hessen DO, Rasconi S, Davey ML, Eiler A. Multiple thresholds and trajectories of microbial biodiversity predicted across browning gradients by neural networks and decision tree learning. ISME Commun 2021; 1:37. [PMID: 37938633 PMCID: PMC9723588 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Ecological association studies often assume monotonicity such as between biodiversity and environmental properties although there is growing evidence that nonmonotonic relations dominate in nature. Here, we apply machine-learning algorithms to reveal the nonmonotonic association between microbial diversity and an anthropogenic-induced large-scale change, the browning of freshwaters, along a longitudinal gradient covering 70 boreal lakes in Scandinavia. Measures of bacterial richness and evenness (alpha-diversity) showed nonmonotonic trends in relation to environmental gradients, peaking at intermediate levels of browning. Depending on the statistical methods, variables indicative for browning could explain 5% of the variance in bacterial community composition (beta-diversity) when applying standard methods assuming monotonic relations and up to 45% with machine-learning methods taking non-monotonicity into account. This non-monotonicity observed at the community level was explained by the complex interchangeable nature of individual taxa responses as shown by a high degree of nonmonotonic responses of individual bacterial sequence variants to browning. Furthermore, the nonmonotonic models provide the position of thresholds and predict alternative bacterial diversity trajectories in boreal freshwater as a result of ongoing climate and land-use changes, which in turn will affect entire ecosystem metabolism and likely greenhouse gas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Fontaine
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maryia Khomich
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Serena Rasconi
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | - Marie L Davey
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander Eiler
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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12
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Pilla RM, Mette EM, Williamson CE, Adamovich BV, Adrian R, Anneville O, Balseiro E, Ban S, Chandra S, Colom-Montero W, Devlin SP, Dix MA, Dokulil MT, Feldsine NA, Feuchtmayr H, Fogarty NK, Gaiser EE, Girdner SF, González MJ, Hambright KD, Hamilton DP, Havens K, Hessen DO, Hetzenauer H, Higgins SN, Huttula TH, Huuskonen H, Isles PDF, Joehnk KD, Keller WB, Klug J, Knoll LB, Korhonen J, Korovchinsky NM, Köster O, Kraemer BM, Leavitt PR, Leoni B, Lepori F, Lepskaya EV, Lottig NR, Luger MS, Maberly SC, MacIntyre S, McBride C, McIntyre P, Melles SJ, Modenutti B, Müller-Navarra DC, Pacholski L, Paterson AM, Pierson DC, Pislegina HV, Plisnier PD, Richardson DC, Rimmer A, Rogora M, Rogozin DY, Rusak JA, Rusanovskaya OO, Sadro S, Salmaso N, Saros JE, Sarvala J, Saulnier-Talbot É, Schindler DE, Shimaraeva SV, Silow EA, Sitoki LM, Sommaruga R, Straile D, Strock KE, Swain H, Tallant JM, Thiery W, Timofeyev MA, Tolomeev AP, Tominaga K, Vanni MJ, Verburg P, Vinebrooke RD, Wanzenböck J, Weathers K, Weyhenmeyer GA, Zadereev ES, Zhukova TV. Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes. Sci Data 2021; 8:200. [PMID: 34349102 PMCID: PMC8339007 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change and other anthropogenic stressors have led to long-term changes in the thermal structure, including surface temperatures, deepwater temperatures, and vertical thermal gradients, in many lakes around the world. Though many studies highlight warming of surface water temperatures in lakes worldwide, less is known about long-term trends in full vertical thermal structure and deepwater temperatures, which have been changing less consistently in both direction and magnitude. Here, we present a globally-expansive data set of summertime in-situ vertical temperature profiles from 153 lakes, with one time series beginning as early as 1894. We also compiled lake geographic, morphometric, and water quality variables that can influence vertical thermal structure through a variety of potential mechanisms in these lakes. These long-term time series of vertical temperature profiles and corresponding lake characteristics serve as valuable data to help understand changes and drivers of lake thermal structure in a time of rapid global and ecological change.
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Grants
- DEB 1754276 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- DEB 1950170 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 0947096 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 9318452 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 9726877 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 0235755 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 0743192 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 1255159 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 1418698 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Arctic LTER DEB-1637459 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- UOWX1503 Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)
- #18-44-0620 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- № 19-04-00362A Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)
- 2017-00635 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research (BRFFR)
- IGB Long-term Ecological Research Programme
- SOERE OLA, AnaEE-France, INRA Thonon les Bains, SILA (Syndicat Mixte du Lac d'Annecy), CISALB (Comité Intercommunautaire pour l'Assainissement du Lac du Bourget), CIPEL (Commission Internationale pour la protection des eaux du Léman)
- University of Nevada, Reno (UNR)
- UC | University of California, Davis (UC Davis)
- Castle Lake Environmental Research and Education Program
- Flathead Lake Monitoring Program
- U.S. PeaceCorps, Ministerio de Ambiente y Recursos Naturales of Guatemala
- Institute for water ecology, fish biology and lake research and the Institute for Limnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, the EC project 'Response of European Freshwater Lakes to Environmental and Climatic Change' (REFLECT, ENV4-CT97-0453), the EC-project 'Climate Impacts on European Lakes' CLIME, EVK1-CT-2002-00121), the project 'Risk Analysis of Direct and Indirect Climate effects on deep Austrian Lake Ecosystems' (RADICAL) funded by the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund (No. K09ACK00046) – Austrian Climate Research Programme
- Mohonk Preserve
- Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCaPE programme delivering National Capability
- Archbold Biological Station, Florida Lakewatch Program
- Crater Lake National Park Long-Term Limnological Monitoring Program
- Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE)
- Institut für Seenforschung, Langenargen (Intenationale Gewässerschutzkommission für den Bodensee - IGKB)
- UVM | Lake Champlain Sea Grant, University of Vermont (Lake Champlain Sea Grant)
- Lake Champlain Long-term Monitoring program (VT DEC and NY DEC)
- Lake Wallenpaupack Watershed Management District
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE
- Amt für Abfall, Wasser, Energie und Luft (AWEL) of the Canton of Zurich
- Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology)
- Canada Research Chairs (Chaires de recherche du Canada)
- Canada Foundation for Innovation (Fondation canadienne pour l'innovation)
- University of Regina (U of R)
- Queen's University Belfast
- Province of Saskatchewan
- Commissione Internazionale per la protezione delle acque italo-svizzere, Ufficio della protezione delle acque e dell'approvvigionamento idrico del Canton Ticino
- North Temperate Lakes LTER NTL-LTER #1440297
- Bay of Plenty Regional Council; Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment: Enhancing the Health and Resilience of New Zealand lakes (UOWX1503)
- Max-Planck-Institute for Limnology Plön
- Russian Ministry of Higher Education and Research (projects № FZZE-2020-0026; № FZZE-2020-0023), Foundation for support of applied ecological studies «Lake Baikal» (https://baikalfoundation.ru/project/tochka-1/)
- Belgian Science Policy (Choltic, Climlake, Climfish)
- International Commission for the Protection of Swiss-Italian Waters (CIPAIS); LTER (Long Term Ecological Research) Italian network, site ‘‘Southern Alpine lakes’’, LTER_EU_IT_008
- Joe W. and Dorothy Dorsett Brown Foundation (Joe W. & Dorothy Dorsett Brown Foundation)
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre
- Russian Ministry of Higher Education and Research (projects № FZZE-2020-0026; № FZZE-2020-0023), and of Foundation for support of applied ecological studies «Lake Baikal» (https://baikalfoundation.ru/project/tochka-1/)
- LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) Italian network, site ‘‘Southern Alpine lakes’’, IT08-005-A (http://www.lteritalia.it), with the support of the ARPA Veneto
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Gordon E. and Betty I. Moore Foundation)
- the Andrew Mellon Foundation, the Bristol Bay salmon processors
- Long-Term Monitoring of Signy Lake Chemistry by BAS 1963-2004. Ref: GB/NERC/BAS/AEDC/00063; the Polar Data Centre under Open Government Licence © NERC-BAS; CLANIMAE project funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office
- LTSER platform Tyrolean Alps, the national and international long-term ecological research network (LTER‐Austria, LTER Europe and ILTER)
- Archbold Biological Station, the Florida Lakewatch program
- University of Michigan Biological Station, Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research
- West Coast Regional Council & NIWA; Bay of Plenty Regional Council; Waikato Regional Council and NIWA
- Institute for water ecology, fish biology and lake research and the Institute for Limnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences; the EC project 'Response of European Freshwater Lakes to Environmental and Climatic Change' (REFLECT, ENV4-CT97-0453); the EC-project 'Climate Impacts on European Lakes' CLIME, EVK1-CT-2002-00121); the project 'Risk Analysis of Direct and Indirect Climate effects on deep Austrian Lake Ecosystems' (RADICAL) funded by the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund (No. K09ACK00046) – Austrian Climate Research Programme (ACRP, http://www.klimafonds.gv.at)
- Lake Sunapee Protective Association
- Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES), and Swedish Research Council grant no 2017-00635
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Pilla
- Miami University, Department of Biology, Oxford, Ohio, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Rita Adrian
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Ecosystem Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orlane Anneville
- INRAE, University of Savoie Mont-Blanc, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | | | - Syuhei Ban
- University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Sudeep Chandra
- University of Nevada, Reno, Global Water Center, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | | | - Shawn P Devlin
- University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana, USA
| | - Margaret A Dix
- Universidad del Valle de Guatemala Centro de Estudios Atitlan, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Martin T Dokulil
- University of Innsbruck, Research Department for Limnology Mondsee, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Natalie A Feldsine
- Mohonk Preserve, Daniel Smiley Research Center, New Paltz, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Evelyn E Gaiser
- Florida International University, Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Environment, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Scott F Girdner
- U.S. National Park Service, Crater Lake National Park, Crater Lake, Oregon, USA
| | | | - K David Hambright
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Biology, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - David P Hamilton
- Griffith University, Australian Rivers Institute, Nathan, Australia
| | - Karl Havens
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Dag O Hessen
- University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Hetzenauer
- LUBW Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg, Institut für Seenforschung, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Scott N Higgins
- IISD Experimental Lake Area Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Hannu Huuskonen
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Peter D F Isles
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Wendel Bill Keller
- Laurentian University, Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jen Klug
- Fairfield University, Biology Department, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lesley B Knoll
- University of Minnesota, Itasca Biological Station and Laboratories, Lake Itasca, Minnesota, USA
| | - Johanna Korhonen
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Freshwater Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nikolai M Korovchinsky
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of The Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Ecology of Water Communities and Invasions, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oliver Köster
- Zurich Water Supply, City of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin M Kraemer
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Ecosystem Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter R Leavitt
- University of Regina, Institute of Environmental Change and Society, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Fabio Lepori
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Department for Environment, Constructions and Design, Canobbio, Switzerland
| | - Ekaterina V Lepskaya
- Kamchatka Research Institute of Fisheries & Oceanography, now Kamchatka Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
| | - Noah R Lottig
- University of Wisconsin, Center for Limnology, Boulder Junction, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Martin S Luger
- Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries Management, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Stephen C Maberly
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lake Ecosystems Group, Lancaster, UK
| | - Sally MacIntyre
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Chris McBride
- University of Waikato, Environmental Research Institute, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Peter McIntyre
- University of Wisconsin, Center for Limnology, Boulder Junction, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stephanie J Melles
- Ryerson University, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Laura Pacholski
- Dominion Diamond Mines, Environment Department, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew M Paterson
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
| | - Don C Pierson
- Uppsala University, Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Pierre-Denis Plisnier
- University of Liège, Chemical Oceanography Unit, Institut de Physique (B5A), Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Alon Rimmer
- The Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
| | - Michela Rogora
- CNR Water Research institute, Verbania, Verbania, Pallanza, Italy
| | - Denis Y Rogozin
- Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - James A Rusak
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Steve Sadro
- University of California Davis, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Davis, California, USA
| | - Nico Salmaso
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Jasmine E Saros
- University of Maine, Climate Change Institute, Orono, Maine, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel E Schindler
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Eugene A Silow
- Irkutsk State University, Institute of Biology, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Lewis M Sitoki
- The Technical University of Kenya, Department of Geosciences and the Environment, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ruben Sommaruga
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Ecology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Straile
- University of Konstanz, Limnological Institute, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kristin E Strock
- Dickinson College, Department of Environmental Science, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hilary Swain
- Archbold Biological Station, Venus, Florida, USA
| | - Jason M Tallant
- University of Michigan, Biological Station, Pellston, Michigan, USA
| | - Wim Thiery
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Brussels, Belgium
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander P Tolomeev
- Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Koji Tominaga
- University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Piet Verburg
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Rolf D Vinebrooke
- University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Josef Wanzenböck
- University of Innsbruck, Research Department for Limnology Mondsee, Mondsee, Austria
| | | | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Uppsala University, Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Egor S Zadereev
- Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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13
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Baho DL, Rizzuto S, Nizzetto L, Hessen DO, Norberg J, Skjelbred B, Jones KC, Zhang H, Leu E. Ecological Memory of Historical Contamination Influences the Response of Phytoplankton Communities. Ecosystems 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-021-00604-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEcological memory (EM) recognizes the importance of previous stress encounters in promoting community tolerance and thereby enhances ecosystem stability, provided that gained tolerances are preserved during non-stress periods. Drawing from this concept, we hypothesized that the recruitment of tolerant species can be facilitated by imposing an initial sorting process (conditioning) during the early stages of community assembly, which should result in higher production (biomass development and photosynthetic efficiency) and stable community composition. To test this, phytoplankton resting stages were germinated from lake sediments originating from two catchments that differed in contamination history: one impacted by long-term herbicides and pesticides exposures (historically contaminated lake) from an agricultural catchment compared to a low-impacted one (near-pristine lake) from a forested catchment. Conditioning was achieved by adding an herbicide (Isoproturon, which was commonly used in the catchment of the historically contaminated lake) during germination. Afterward, the communities obtained from germination were exposed to an increasing gradient of Isoproturon. As hypothesized, upon conditioning, the phytoplankton assemblages from the historically contaminated lake were able to rapidly restore photosynthetic efficiency (p > 0.01) and became structurally (community composition) more resistant to Isoproturon. The communities of the near-pristine lake did not yield these positive effects regardless of conditioning, supporting that EM was a unique attribute of the historically stressed ecosystem. Moreover, assemblages that displayed higher structural resistance concurrently yielded lower biomass, indicating that benefits of EM in increasing structural stability may trade-off with production. Our results clearly indicate that EM can foster ecosystem stability to a recurring stressor.
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14
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Moe TF, Hessen DO, Demars BOL. Juncus Bulbosus Tissue Nutrient Concentrations and Stoichiometry in Oligotrophic Ecosystems: Variability with Seasons, Growth Forms, Organs and Habitats. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10030441. [PMID: 33652668 PMCID: PMC7996725 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic plant nutrient concentrations provide important information to characterise their role in nutrient retention and turnover in aquatic ecosystems. While large standing biomass of aquatic plants is typically found in nutrient-rich localities, it may also occur in oligotrophic ecosystems. Juncus bulbosus is able to form massive stands even in very nutrient-dilute waters. Here we show that this may be achieved by tissues with very high carbon-to-nutrient ratios combined with perennial (slow) growth and a poor food source for grazers inferred from plant stoichiometry and tissue nutrient thresholds. We also show that the C, N, P and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios of Juncus bulbosus vary with the time of year, habitats (lakes versus rivers) and organs (roots versus shoots). We found no differences between growth forms (notably in P, inferred as the most limiting nutrient) corresponding to small and large plant stands. The mass development of J. bulbosus requires C, N and P, whatever the ecosystem (lake or river), and not just CO2 and NH4, as suggested in previous studies. Since macrophytes inhabiting oligotrophic aquatic ecosystems are dominated by isoetids (perennial plants with a high root/shoot ratio), attention should be paid to quantifying the role of roots in aquatic plant stoichiometry, nutrient turnover and nutrient retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese F. Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Benoît O. L. Demars
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway;
- Correspondence:
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15
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Allesson L, Andersen T, Dörsch P, Eiler A, Wei J, Hessen DO. Corrigendum: Phosphorus Availability Promotes Bacterial DOC-Mineralization, but Not Cumulative CO 2-Production. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:614974. [PMID: 33329505 PMCID: PMC7720007 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.614974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Allesson
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Dörsch
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Alexander Eiler
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Eshun‐Wilson F, Wolf R, Andersen T, Hessen DO, Sperfeld E. UV radiation affects antipredatory defense traits in Daphnia pulex. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:14082-14097. [PMID: 33732430 PMCID: PMC7771149 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In aquatic environments, prey perceive predator threats by chemical cues called kairomones, which can induce changes in their morphology, life histories, and behavior. Predator-induced defenses have allowed for prey, such as Daphnia pulex, to avert capture by common invertebrate predators, such as Chaoborus sp. larvae. However, the influence of additional stressors, such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR), on the Daphnia-Chaoborus interaction is not settled as UVR may for instance deactivate the kairomone. In laboratory experiments, we investigated the combined effect of kairomones and UVR at ecologically relevant levels on induced morphological defenses of two D. pulex clones. We found that kairomones were not deactivated by UVR exposure. Instead, UVR exposure suppressed induced morphological defense traits of D. pulex juveniles under predation threat by generally decreasing the number of neckteeth and especially by decreasing the size of the pedestal beneath the neckteeth. UVR exposure also decreased the body length, body width, and tail spine length of juveniles, likely additionally increasing the vulnerability to Chaoborus predation. Our results suggest potential detrimental effects on fitness and survival of D. pulex subject to UVR stress, with consequences on community composition and food web structure in clear and shallow water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raoul Wolf
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA)OsloNorway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Department of BioscienceUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Department of BioscienceUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Erik Sperfeld
- Animal EcologyZoological Institute and MuseumUniversity of GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
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17
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Pilla RM, Williamson CE, Adamovich BV, Adrian R, Anneville O, Chandra S, Colom-Montero W, Devlin SP, Dix MA, Dokulil MT, Gaiser EE, Girdner SF, Hambright KD, Hamilton DP, Havens K, Hessen DO, Higgins SN, Huttula TH, Huuskonen H, Isles PDF, Joehnk KD, Jones ID, Keller WB, Knoll LB, Korhonen J, Kraemer BM, Leavitt PR, Lepori F, Luger MS, Maberly SC, Melack JM, Melles SJ, Müller-Navarra DC, Pierson DC, Pislegina HV, Plisnier PD, Richardson DC, Rimmer A, Rogora M, Rusak JA, Sadro S, Salmaso N, Saros JE, Saulnier-Talbot É, Schindler DE, Schmid M, Shimaraeva SV, Silow EA, Sitoki LM, Sommaruga R, Straile D, Strock KE, Thiery W, Timofeyev MA, Verburg P, Vinebrooke RD, Weyhenmeyer GA, Zadereev E. Deeper waters are changing less consistently than surface waters in a global analysis of 102 lakes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20514. [PMID: 33239702 PMCID: PMC7688658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, lake surface water temperatures have warmed rapidly relative to air temperatures, but changes in deepwater temperatures and vertical thermal structure are still largely unknown. We have compiled the most comprehensive data set to date of long-term (1970–2009) summertime vertical temperature profiles in lakes across the world to examine trends and drivers of whole-lake vertical thermal structure. We found significant increases in surface water temperatures across lakes at an average rate of + 0.37 °C decade−1, comparable to changes reported previously for other lakes, and similarly consistent trends of increasing water column stability (+ 0.08 kg m−3 decade−1). In contrast, however, deepwater temperature trends showed little change on average (+ 0.06 °C decade−1), but had high variability across lakes, with trends in individual lakes ranging from − 0.68 °C decade−1 to + 0.65 °C decade−1. The variability in deepwater temperature trends was not explained by trends in either surface water temperatures or thermal stability within lakes, and only 8.4% was explained by lake thermal region or local lake characteristics in a random forest analysis. These findings suggest that external drivers beyond our tested lake characteristics are important in explaining long-term trends in thermal structure, such as local to regional climate patterns or additional external anthropogenic influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Pilla
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
| | | | | | - Rita Adrian
- Department of Ecosystems Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sudeep Chandra
- Global Water Center, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | | | - Shawn P Devlin
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT, USA
| | - Margaret A Dix
- Instituto de Investigacones, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Martin T Dokulil
- Research Department for Limnology Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Evelyn E Gaiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Scott F Girdner
- Crater Lake National Park, U.S. National Park Service, Crater Lake, OR, USA
| | - K David Hambright
- Department of Biology, Plankton Ecology and Limnology Lab and Geographical Ecology Group, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - David P Hamilton
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Karl Havens
- Florida Sea Grant and UF/IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Timo H Huttula
- Freshwater Center, Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Huuskonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Peter D F Isles
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Ian D Jones
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Wendel Bill Keller
- Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Laurentian University, Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Lesley B Knoll
- Itasca Biological Station and Laboratories, University of Minnesota, Lake Itasca, MN, USA
| | - Johanna Korhonen
- Freshwater Center, Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Benjamin M Kraemer
- Department of Ecosystems Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter R Leavitt
- Institute of Environmental Change and Society, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada.,Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast Co., Antrim, UK
| | - Fabio Lepori
- Department for Environment, Constructions and Design, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Canobbio, Switzerland
| | - Martin S Luger
- Federal Agency for Water Management AT, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Stephen C Maberly
- Lake Ecosystems Group, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, UK
| | - John M Melack
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie J Melles
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Don C Pierson
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Alon Rimmer
- The Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
| | | | - James A Rusak
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation, and Parks, Dorset, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Sadro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nico Salmaso
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele All'Adige, Italy
| | - Jasmine E Saros
- Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | | | - Daniel E Schindler
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martin Schmid
- Surface Waters-Research and Management, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | | | - Eugene A Silow
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Lewis M Sitoki
- Department of Geosciences and the Environment, The Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ruben Sommaruga
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Straile
- Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kristin E Strock
- Department of Environmental Science, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, USA
| | - Wim Thiery
- Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Piet Verburg
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Rolf D Vinebrooke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Egor Zadereev
- Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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18
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Allesson L, Andersen T, Dörsch P, Eiler A, Wei J, Hessen DO. Phosphorus Availability Promotes Bacterial DOC-Mineralization, but Not Cumulative CO 2-Production. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:569879. [PMID: 33072029 PMCID: PMC7541949 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.569879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current trend of increasing input of terrestrially derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to boreal freshwater systems is causing increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) supersaturation and degassing. Phosphorus (P) is often the most limiting nutrient for bacterial growth and would thus be expected to increase overall mineralization rates and CO2 production. However, high carbon (C) to P ratios of terrestrially derived DOC could also cause elevated cell-specific respiration of the excess C in heterotrophic bacteria. Using data from a survey of 75 Scandinavian lakes along an ecosystem gradient of DOC, we estimated in situ CO2 production rates. These rates showed a unimodal response with DOC-specific CO2 production negatively related to DOC:total phosphorus (TP) ratio, and a turning point at 5 mg C L-1, indicating higher DOC turnover rates in productive than in unproductive lakes. To further assess the dependency of bacterial respiration (BR) on DOC and P, we monitored CO2 production in incubations of water with a gradient of DOC crossed with two levels of inorganic P. Finally, we crossed DOC and P with a temperature gradient to test the temperature dependency of respiration rates [as oxygen (O2) consumption]. While total CO2 production seemed to be unaffected by P additions, respiration rates, and growth yields, as estimated by ribosomal gene copy numbers, suggest increased bacterial growth and decreased cell-specific respiration under non-limited P conditions. Respiration rates showed a sigmoid response to increasing DOC availability reaching a plateau at about 20 mg C L-1 of initial DOC concentrations. In addition to these P and DOC level effects, respiration rates responded in a non-monotonic fashion to temperature with an increase in respiration rates by a factor of 2.6 (±0.2) from 15 to 25°C and a decrease above 30°C. The combined results from the survey and experiments highlight DOC as the major determinant of CO2 production in boreal lakes, with P and temperature as significant modulators of respiration kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Allesson
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Dörsch
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Alexander Eiler
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences and Centre for Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Andersen T, Hessen DO, Håll JP, Khomich M, Kyle M, Lindholm M, Rasconi S, Skjelbred B, Thrane J, Walseng B. Congruence, but no cascade-Pelagic biodiversity across three trophic levels in Nordic lakes. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:8153-8165. [PMID: 32788968 PMCID: PMC7417247 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Covariation in species richness and community structure across taxonomical groups (cross-taxon congruence) has practical consequences for the identification of biodiversity surrogates and proxies, as well as theoretical ramifications for understanding the mechanisms maintaining and sustaining biodiversity. We found there to exist a high cross-taxon congruence between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish in 73 large Scandinavian lakes across a 750 km longitudinal transect. The fraction of the total diversity variation explained by local environment alone was small for all trophic levels while a substantial fraction could be explained by spatial gradient variables. Almost half of the explained variation could not be resolved between local and spatial factors, possibly due to confounding issues between longitude and landscape productivity. There is strong consensus that the longitudinal gradient found in the regional fish community results from postglacial dispersal limitations, while there is much less evidence for the species richness and community structure gradients at lower trophic levels being directly affected by dispersal limitation over the same time scale. We found strong support for bidirectional interactions between fish and zooplankton species richness, while corresponding interactions between phytoplankton and zooplankton richness were much weaker. Both the weakening of the linkage at lower trophic levels and the bidirectional nature of the interaction indicates that the underlying mechanism must be qualitatively different from a trophic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Andersen
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Johnny P. Håll
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Institute for Water ResearchOsloNorway
| | - Maryia Khomich
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Nofima ASÅsNorway
| | | | - Markus Lindholm
- Norwegian Institute for Water ResearchOsloNorway
- Rudolf Steiner University CollegeOsloNorway
| | - Serena Rasconi
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- WasserCluster – Biological Station LunzInter‐University Centre for Aquatic Ecosystem ResearchLunz am SeeAustria
| | | | - Jan‐Erik Thrane
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Institute for Water ResearchOsloNorway
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20
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Anderson TR, Raubenheimer D, Hessen DO, Jensen K, Gentleman WC, Mayor DJ. Geometric Stoichiometry: Unifying Concepts of Animal Nutrition to Understand How Protein-Rich Diets Can Be “Too Much of a Good Thing”. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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21
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Rizzuto S, Thrane JE, Baho DL, Jones KC, Zhang H, Hessen DO, Nizzetto L, Leu E. Water Browning Controls Adaptation and Associated Trade-Offs in Phytoplankton Stressed by Chemical Pollution. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:5569-5579. [PMID: 32292033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of tolerance to an environmental stressor can result in organisms displaying slower growth after stress release. While well-grounded in the theory, empirical evidence of the trade-off between stress tolerance and organism fitness is scarce and blurred by the interaction with different environmental factors. Here, we report the effects of water browning on the responses, tolerance acquisition, and associated trade-offs in a population of microalgae exposed to sublethal concentrations of organic micropollutants over multiple generations. Our results show that dissolved organic matter (DOM) reduces toxic responses and modulates tolerance acquisition by the algae, possibly by complexing micropollutants. Microalgae that acquire tolerance allocate resources to fitness at the cost of reduced cell size. They yield higher productivity than nonadapted ones when grown in the presence of micropollutants but lower in their absence. The net trade-off was positive, indicating that adaptation can result in a higher productivity and fitness in tolerant species in recurrently stressed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rizzuto
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Jan-Erik Thrane
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Didier L Baho
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, SE-750-07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Ecotoxicology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
- Center of Biogeochemistry in the Anthropocene (CAB), University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Leu
- Akvaplan-niva, CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
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22
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Baho DL, Leu E, Pomati F, Hessen DO, Norberg J, Moe SJ, Skjelbred B, Nizzetto L. Resilience of Natural Phytoplankton Communities to Pulse Disturbances from Micropollutant Exposure and Vertical Mixing. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 38:2197-2208. [PMID: 31343756 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Freshwaters are increasingly exposed to complex mixtures of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) from municipal wastewater, which are known to alter freshwater communities' structure and functioning. However, their interaction with other disturbances and whether their combined effects can impact ecological resilience (i.e., the ability of a system to tolerate disturbances without altering the system's original structure and processes) remain unexplored. Using in situ mesocosms in 2 lakes with different nutrient levels (mesotrophic and eutrophic), we assessed whether a pulse exposure to sublethal concentrations of 12 PPCPs affects the ecological resilience of natural phytoplankton communities that experienced an abrupt environmental change involving the destabilization of the water column through mixing. Such mixing events are predicted to increase as the effects of climate change unfold, leading to more frequent storms, which disrupt stratification in lakes and force communities to restructure. We assessed their combined effects on community metrics (biomass, species richness, and composition) and their relative resilience using 4 indicators (cross-scale, within-scale, aggregation length, and gap length), inferred from phytoplankton communities by discontinuity analysis. The mixing disturbance alone had negligible effects on the community metrics, but when combined with chemical contaminants significant changes were measured: reducing total biomass, species richness, and altered community composition of phytoplankton. Once these changes occurred, they persisted until the end of the experiment (day 20), when the communities' structures from the 2 highest exposure levels diverged from the controls. The resilience indicators were not affected by PPCPs but differed significantly between lakes, with lower resilience found in the eutrophic lake. Thus, PPCPs can significantly alter community structures and reinforce mechanisms that maintain ecosystems in a "degraded state." Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2197-2208. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier L Baho
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, CIENS, Science Park, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Leu
- Akvaplan-niva, CIENS, Science Park, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Norberg
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Jannicke Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, CIENS, Science Park, Oslo, Norway
| | - Birger Skjelbred
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, CIENS, Science Park, Oslo, Norway
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, CIENS, Science Park, Oslo, Norway
- RECETOX, Masarik University, Brno, Czech Republic
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23
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Baho DL, Pomati F, Leu E, Hessen DO, Moe SJ, Norberg J, Nizzetto L. A single pulse of diffuse contaminants alters the size distribution of natural phytoplankton communities. Sci Total Environ 2019; 683:578-588. [PMID: 31150881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of a multitude of bioactive organic pollutants collectively classified as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in freshwaters is of concern, considering that ecological assessments of their potential impacts on natural systems are still scarce. In this field experiment we tested whether a single pulse exposure to a mixture of 12 pharmaceuticals and personal care products, which are commonly found in European inland waters, can influence the size distributions of natural lake phytoplankton communities. Size is one of the most influential determinants of community structure and functioning, particularly in planktonic communities and food webs. Using an in-situ microcosm approach, phytoplankton communities in two lakes with different nutrient levels (mesotrophic and eutrophic) were exposed to a concentration gradient of the PPCPs mixture at five levels. We tested whether sub-lethal PPCPs doses affect the scaling of organisms' abundances with their size, and the slope of these size spectra, which describe changes in the abundances of small relative to large phytoplankton. Our results showed that a large proportion (approximately 80%) of the dataset followed a power-law distribution, thus suggesting evidence of scale invariance of abundances, as expected in steady state ecosystems. PPCPs were however found to induce significant changes in the size spectra and community structure of natural phytoplankton assemblages. The two highest treatment levels of PPCPs were associated with decreased abundance of the most dominant size class (nano-phytoplankton: 2-5 μm), leading to a flattening of the size spectra slope. These results suggest that a pulse exposure to PPCPs induce changes that potentially lead to unsteady ecosystem states and cascading effects in the aquatic food webs, by favoring larger non-edible algae at the expense of small edible species. We propose higher susceptibility due to higher surface to volume ratio in small species as the likely cause of these structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier L Baho
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Leu
- Akvaplan-niva, CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- University of Oslo, Dept. Biosciences, Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Jannicke Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Norberg
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), CIENS, Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway; RECETOX, Masarik University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Moe TF, Hessen DO, Demars BOL. Functional biogeography: Stoichiometry and thresholds for interpreting nutrient limitation in aquatic plants. Sci Total Environ 2019; 677:447-455. [PMID: 31059887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric N pollution may shift nutrient limitations in aquatic autotrophs from N to P or cause an intensification of P limitation in formerly pristine areas. Small changes in nutrient supply in oligotrophic lakes and rivers could lead to large changes in relative plant growth and yield with possible knock on effects on ecosystem carbon cycling through changes in the decomposition rate of their tissue. Previous biogeographical studies have shown inconsistent responses of plant nutrient tissue content and stoichiometry (functional traits) to external nutrient availability. Here we used a single species, Juncus bulbosus, to test the interplay between plant tissue nutrient (content and stoichiometry) and external environmental factors (local and catchment scale). We developed a comparative approach applicable globally to assess the thresholds for nutrient limitation in aquatic plants in the wild. Phosphorus in Juncus bulbosus tissue was negatively related to sediment organic matter (Fe root plaque limiting P uptake) and catchment vegetation cover (less P leaching to lakes). Our comparative approach revealed that the lack of increase in N plant tissue along the strong gradient in external N concentration may be explained by P limitation and strict plant tissue N:P ratio. Our comparative approach further showed that the nutrient content and stoichiometry of Juncus bulbosus was similar to other submerged aquatic plants growing in nutrient poor aquatic ecosystems. In southern Norway, mass development of Juncus bulbosus may be primarily triggered by changes in P availability, rather than CO2 or inorganic N, as previously thought, although co-limitations are also possible. If so, the mass development of Juncus bulbosus in oligotrophic aquatic ecosystems could be an early indicator of increasing P fluxes through these ecosystems which are less limited by N due to high atmospheric N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese F Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Benoît O L Demars
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
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25
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Hessen DO, Jensen TC, Walseng B. Zooplankton Diversity and Dispersal by Birds; Insights From Different Geographical Scales. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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Yu C, Huang X, Chen H, Godfray HCJ, Wright JS, Hall JW, Gong P, Ni S, Qiao S, Huang G, Xiao Y, Zhang J, Feng Z, Ju X, Ciais P, Stenseth NC, Hessen DO, Sun Z, Yu L, Cai W, Fu H, Huang X, Zhang C, Liu H, Taylor J. Managing nitrogen to restore water quality in China. Nature 2019; 567:516-520. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Creed IF, Bergström AK, Trick CG, Grimm NB, Hessen DO, Karlsson J, Kidd KA, Kritzberg E, McKnight DM, Freeman EC, Senar OE, Andersson A, Ask J, Berggren M, Cherif M, Giesler R, Hotchkiss ER, Kortelainen P, Palta MM, Vrede T, Weyhenmeyer GA. Global change-driven effects on dissolved organic matter composition: Implications for food webs of northern lakes. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:3692-3714. [PMID: 29543363 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Northern ecosystems are experiencing some of the most dramatic impacts of global change on Earth. Rising temperatures, hydrological intensification, changes in atmospheric acid deposition and associated acidification recovery, and changes in vegetative cover are resulting in fundamental changes in terrestrial-aquatic biogeochemical linkages. The effects of global change are readily observed in alterations in the supply of dissolved organic matter (DOM)-the messenger between terrestrial and lake ecosystems-with potentially profound effects on the structure and function of lakes. Northern terrestrial ecosystems contain substantial stores of organic matter and filter or funnel DOM, affecting the timing and magnitude of DOM delivery to surface waters. This terrestrial DOM is processed in streams, rivers, and lakes, ultimately shifting its composition, stoichiometry, and bioavailability. Here, we explore the potential consequences of these global change-driven effects for lake food webs at northern latitudes. Notably, we provide evidence that increased allochthonous DOM supply to lakes is overwhelming increased autochthonous DOM supply that potentially results from earlier ice-out and a longer growing season. Furthermore, we assess the potential implications of this shift for the nutritional quality of autotrophs in terms of their stoichiometry, fatty acid composition, toxin production, and methylmercury concentration, and therefore, contaminant transfer through the food web. We conclude that global change in northern regions leads not only to reduced primary productivity but also to nutritionally poorer lake food webs, with discernible consequences for the trophic web to fish and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena F Creed
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Charles G Trick
- Interfaculty Program on Public Health & Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy B Grimm
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Karlsson
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karen A Kidd
- Department of Biology and Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | | | | | - Erika C Freeman
- Department of Geography, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Oscar E Senar
- Department of Geography, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Agneta Andersson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenny Ask
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Berggren
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mehdi Cherif
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Reiner Giesler
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Erin R Hotchkiss
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - Monica M Palta
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Tobias Vrede
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
Elevated temperature causes metabolism and respiration to increase in poikilothermic organisms. We hypothesized that invertebrate consumers will therefore require increasingly carbon-rich diets in a warming environment because the increased energetic demands are primarily met using compounds rich in carbon, that is, carbohydrates and lipids. Here, we test this hypothesis using a new stoichiometric model that has carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as currencies. Model predictions did not support the hypothesis, indicating instead that the nutritional requirements of invertebrates, at least in terms of food quality expressed as C∶N ratio, may change little, if at all, at elevated temperature. Two factors contribute to this conclusion. First, invertebrates facing limitation by nutrient elements such as N have, by default, excess C in their food that can be used to meet the increased demand for energy in a warming environment, without recourse to extra dietary C. Second, increased feeding at elevated temperature compensates for the extra demands of metabolism to the extent that, when metabolism and intake scale equally with temperature (have the same Q10), the relative requirement for dietary C and N remains unaltered. Our analysis demonstrates that future climate-driven increases in the C∶N ratios of autotroph biomass will likely exacerbate the stoichiometric mismatch between nutrient-limited invertebrate grazers and their food, with important consequences for C sequestration and nutrient cycling in ecosystems.
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Spears BM, Futter MN, Jeppesen E, Huser BJ, Ives S, Davidson TA, Adrian R, Angeler DG, Burthe SJ, Carvalho L, Daunt F, Gsell AS, Hessen DO, Janssen ABG, Mackay EB, May L, Moorhouse H, Olsen S, Søndergaard M, Woods H, Thackeray SJ. Ecological resilience in lakes and the conjunction fallacy. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:1616-1624. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Guignard MS, Leitch AR, Acquisti C, Eizaguirre C, Elser JJ, Hessen DO, Jeyasingh PD, Neiman M, Richardson AE, Soltis PS, Soltis DE, Stevens CJ, Trimmer M, Weider LJ, Woodward G, Leitch IJ. Impacts of Nitrogen and Phosphorus: From Genomes to Natural Ecosystems and Agriculture. Front Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hessen DO, Tombre IM, van Geest G, Alfsnes K. Global change and ecosystem connectivity: How geese link fields of central Europe to eutrophication of Arctic freshwaters. Ambio 2017; 46:40-47. [PMID: 27352361 PMCID: PMC5226897 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-016-0802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Migratory connectivity by birds may mutually affect different ecosystems over large distances. Populations of geese overwintering in southern areas while breeding in high-latitude ecosystems have increased strongly over the past decades. The increase is likely due to positive feedbacks caused by climate change at both wintering, stopover sites and breeding grounds, land-use practices at the overwintering grounds and protection from hunting. Here we show how increasing goose populations in temperate regions, and increased breeding success in the Arctic, entail a positive feedback with strong impacts on Arctic freshwater ecosystems in the form of eutrophication. This may again strongly affect community composition and productivity of the ponds, due to increased nutrient loadings or birds serving as vectors for new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag O Hessen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology (AKVA), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ingunn M Tombre
- Department of Arctic Ecology, The Fram Centre, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, P.O. Box, 9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gerben van Geest
- Department of Ecology and Water Quality, Deltares, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH, Delft, Netherlands
- Faculty of Science Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kristian Alfsnes
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology (AKVA), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
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Hessen DO, Hafslund OT, Andersen T, Broch C, Shala NK, Wojewodzic MW. Changes in Stoichiometry, Cellular RNA, and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity of Chlamydomonas in Response to Temperature and Nutrients. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:18. [PMID: 28167934 PMCID: PMC5253361 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton may respond both to elevated temperatures and reduced nutrients by changing their cellular stoichiometry and cell sizes. Since increased temperatures often cause increased thermal stratification and reduced vertical flux of nutrients into the mixed zone, it is difficult to disentangle these drivers in nature. In this study, we used a factorial design with high and low levels of phosphorus (P) and high and low temperature to assess responses in cellular stoichiometry, levels of RNA, and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) in the chlorophyte Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Growth rate, C:P, C:N, N:P, RNA, and APA all responded primarily to P treatment, but except for N:P and APA, also temperature contributed significantly. For RNA, the contribution from temperature was particularly strong with higher cellular levels of RNA at low temperatures, suggesting a compensatory allocation to ribosomes to maintain protein synthesis and growth. These experiments suggest that although P-limitation is the major determinant of growth rate and cellular stoichiometry, there are pronounced effects of temperature also via interaction with P. At the ecosystem level, nutrients and temperature will thus interact, but temperatures would likely exert a stronger impact on these phytoplankton traits indirectly via its force on stratification regimes and vertical nutrient fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag O. Hessen
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of OsloOslo, Norway
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Wolf R, Andersen T, Hessen DO, Hylland K. The influence of dissolved organic carbon and ultraviolet radiation on the genomic integrity of
Daphnia magna. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Wolf
- Department of Biosciences University of Oslo 0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Department of Biosciences University of Oslo 0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Department of Biosciences University of Oslo 0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences University of Oslo 0316 Oslo Norway
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Leinaas HP, Jalal M, Gabrielsen TM, Hessen DO. Inter- and intraspecific variation in body- and genome size in calanoid copepods from temperate and arctic waters. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:5585-95. [PMID: 27547339 PMCID: PMC4983576 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The tendency of ectotherms to get larger in the cold (Bergmann clines) has potentially great implications for individual performance and food web dynamics. The mechanistic drivers of this trend are not well understood, however. One fundamental question is to which extent variation in body size is attributed to variation in cell size, which again is related to genome size. In this study, we analyzed body and genome size in four species of marine calanoid copepods, Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, C. hyperboreus and Paraeuchaeta norvegica, with populations from both south Norwegian fjords and the High Arctic. The Calanus species showed typical interspecific Bergmann clines, and we assessed whether they also displayed similar intraspecific variations-and if correlation between genome size and body size differed between species. There were considerable inter- as well as intraspecific variations in body size and genome size, with the northernmost populations having the largest values of both variables within each species. Positive intraspecific relationships suggest a functional link between body and genome size, although its adaptiveness has not been settled. Impact of additional drivers like phylogeny or specific adaptations, however, was suggested by striking divergences in body size - genome size ratios among species. Thus, C. glacialis and C. hyperboreus, had fairly similar genome size despite very different body size, while P. norvegica, of similar body size as C. hyperboreus, had the largest genome sizes ever recorded from copepods. The inter- and intraspecific latitudinal body size clines suggest that climate change may have major impact on body size composition of keystone species in marine planktonic food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Petter Leinaas
- Department of Biosciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1066 Blindern N-0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Marwa Jalal
- Department of Biosciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1066 Blindern N-0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Tove M Gabrielsen
- The University Centre in Svalbard P.O.Box 156 9171 Longyearbyen Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1066 Blindern N-0316 Oslo Norway
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Thrane J, Hessen DO, Andersen T. The impact of irradiance on optimal and cellular nitrogen to phosphorus ratios in phytoplankton. Ecol Lett 2016; 19:880-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan‐Erik Thrane
- Section for aquatic biology and toxicology (AQUA) Department of Biosciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1066, Blindern 0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Section for aquatic biology and toxicology (AQUA) Department of Biosciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1066, Blindern 0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Section for aquatic biology and toxicology (AQUA) Department of Biosciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1066, Blindern 0316 Oslo Norway
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Abstract
IVF, a procedure in which pharmacological and technological manipulation is used to promote pregnancy, offers help to infertile couples by circumventing selection at the most fundamental level. Fertility is clearly one of the key fitness-promoting drivers in all forms of sexually reproducing life, and fertilization and pregnancy are fundamental evolutionary processes that involve a range of pre- and post-zygotic screening mechanisms. Here, we discuss the various selection and screening factors involved in fertilization and pregnancy and assess IVF practices in light of these factors. We then focus on the possible consequences of these differences in selection pressures, mainly at the individual but also at the population level, to evaluate whether changes in the reproducing genotype can affect human evolution. The aim of the article is not to argue for or against IVF, but to address aspects of assisted reproduction in an evolutionary context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Ivar Hanevik
- Fertilitetsavdelingen Sor, Telemark Hospital Trust, Porsgrunn, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Sunde
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jarle Breivik
- Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Spears BM, Carvalho L, Futter MN, May L, Thackeray SJ, Adrian R, Angeler DG, Burthe SJ, Davidson TA, Daunt F, Gsell AS, Hessen DO, Moorhouse H, Huser B, Ives SC, Janssen ABG, Mackay EB, Søndergaard M, Jeppesen E. Ecological Instability in Lakes: A Predictable Condition? Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:3285-3286. [PMID: 26952189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M Spears
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | | | - Martyn N Futter
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linda May
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Stephen J Thackeray
- Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, U.K
| | - Rita Adrian
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301, D-12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - David G Angeler
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sarah J Burthe
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Tom A Davidson
- Department of Bioscience - Lake Ecology, Aarhus University , Vejlsøvej 25, Building B2.22, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Francis Daunt
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Alena S Gsell
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301, D-12587 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, NIOO-KNAW, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dag O Hessen
- University of Oslo , Department of Biosciences, Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Heather Moorhouse
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, U.K
| | - Brian Huser
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stephen C Ives
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Annette B G Janssen
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, NIOO-KNAW, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eleanor B Mackay
- Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, U.K
| | - Martin Søndergaard
- Department of Bioscience - Lake Ecology, Aarhus University , Vejlsøvej 25, Building B2.22, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Bioscience - Lake Ecology, Aarhus University , Vejlsøvej 25, Building B2.22, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
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Alfsnes K, Hobæk A, Weider LJ, Hessen DO. Birds, nutrients, and climate change: mtDNA haplotype diversity of Arctic Daphnia on Svalbard revisited. Polar Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lindholm M, Hessen DO, Færøvig PJ, Rognerud B, Andersen T, Stordal F. Is distribution of cold stenotherms constrained by temperature? The case of the Arctic fairy shrimp (Branchinecta paludosa O.F. Müller 1788). J Therm Biol 2015; 53:46-52. [PMID: 26590455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Small water bodies in cold climate respond fast to global warming, and species adapted to such habitats may be valuable indicators for climate change. We investigated the geographical and physiological temperature limits of the Arctic fairy shrimp (Branchinecta paludosa), which is common in cold water arctic ponds, but at present retracts its range in alpine areas along its southern outreach of Norway. Seasonal logging of water temperatures along an altitudinal transect revealed an upper temperature limit of 12.7°C for its presence, which closely matched a calculated upper temperature limit of 12.9°C throughout its entire Norwegian range. Field data hence point to cold stenotherm features, which would be consistent with its Arctic, circumpolar distribution. Lab experiments, on the other hand, revealed a linear increase in respiration over 10-20°C. When fed ad libitum somatic growth increased with temperature, as well, without negative physiological impacts of higher temperatures. The absence of Branchinecta paludosa in ponds warmer than 13°C could still be due to a mismatch between temperature dependent metabolism and limited energy supply in these ultraoligotrophic water bodies. We discuss the concept of cold stenothermy in this context, and the impacts of regional warming on the future distribution of the Arctic fairy shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lindholm
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research/NIVA, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway; Rudolf Steiner University College, Professor Dahls gate 32, 0260 Oslo, Norway.
| | - D O Hessen
- University of Oslo, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1084 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - P J Færøvig
- University of Oslo, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1084 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - B Rognerud
- University of Oslo, Department of Geosciences, P.O. Box 1047 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Andersen
- University of Oslo, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 1084 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - F Stordal
- University of Oslo, Department of Geosciences, P.O. Box 1047 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Neiman M, Beaton MJ, Hessen DO, Jeyasingh PD, Weider LJ. Endopolyploidy as a potential driver of animal ecology and evolution. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 92:234-247. [PMID: 26467853 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Endopolyploidy - the existence of higher-ploidy cells within organisms that are otherwise of a lower ploidy level (generally diploid) - was discovered decades ago, but remains poorly studied relative to other genomic phenomena, especially in animals. Our synthetic review suggests that endopolyploidy is more common in animals than often recognized and probably influences a number of fitness-related and ecologically important traits. In particular, we argue that endopolyploidy is likely to play a central role in key traits such as gene expression, body and cell size, and growth rate, and in a variety of cell types, including those responsible for tissue regeneration, nutrient storage, and inducible anti-predator defences. We also summarize evidence for intraspecific genetic variation in endopolyploid levels and make the case that the existence of this variation suggests that endopolyploid levels are likely to be heritable and thus a potential target for natural selection. We then discuss why, in light of evident benefits of endopolyploidy, animals remain primarily diploid. We conclude by highlighting key areas for future research such as comprehensive evaluation of the heritability of endopolyploidy and the adaptive scope of endopolyploid-related traits, the extent to which endopolyploid induction incurs costs, and characterization of the relationships between environmental variability and endopolyploid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurine Neiman
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, 143 Biology Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, U.S.A
| | - Margaret J Beaton
- Biology Department, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Punidan D Jeyasingh
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, 501 Life Sciences West, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A
| | - Lawrence J Weider
- Department of Biology, Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Room 304, Norman, OK 73019, U.S.A
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Lindholm M, Hessen DO, Ramberg L. Diversity, dispersal and disturbance: cladoceran species composition in the Okavango Delta. African Zoology 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2009.11407436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jalal M, Andersen T, Hessen DO. Temperature and developmental responses of body and cell size in Drosophila; effects of polyploidy and genome configuration. J Therm Biol 2015; 51:1-14. [PMID: 25965012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Increased adult body size in Drosophila raised at lower temperatures could be attributed both to an increase in the cell volume and cell number. It is not clear, however, whether increased cell size is related to (or even caused by) increased nuclear volume and genome size (or configuration). Experiments with Drosophila melanogaster stocks (Oregon-R and w1118) raised at 16, 22, 24, and 28°C resulted in larger adult body and wing size with lower temperature, while eye size was less affected. The increase in wing size reflected an increase in cell size in both males and females of both stocks. The nucleus size, genome size, and DNA condensation of adult flies, embryos, and Schneider 2 cells (S2 cells, of larval origin) were estimated by flow cytometry. In both adult flies and S2 cells, both nucleus size and DNA condensation varied with temperature, while DNA content appears to be constant. From 12% to 18% of the somatic cells were tetraploid (4C) and 2-5% were octoploid (8C), and for the Oregon strain we observed an increase in the fraction of polyploid cells with decreasing temperature. The observed increase in body size (and wing size) at low temperatures could partly be linked with the cell size and DNA condensation, while corresponding changes in the haploid genome size were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Jalal
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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Pulkkinen K, Wojewodzic MW, Hessen DO. Phosphorus limitation enhances parasite impact: feedback effects at the population level. BMC Ecol 2014; 14:29. [PMID: 25366521 PMCID: PMC4223164 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-014-0029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nutrient deficiency affects the growth and population dynamics of consumers. Endoparasites can be seen as consumers that drain carbon (C) or energy from their host while simultaneously competing for limiting resources such as phosphorus (P). Depending on the relative demands of the host and the parasite for the limiting nutrient, intensified resource competition under nutrient limitation can either reduce the parasite’s effect on the host or further reduce the fitness of the nutrient-limited host. So far, knowledge of how nutrient limitation affects parasite performance at the host population level and how this affects the host populations is limited. Results We followed the population growth of Daphnia magna that were uninfected or experimentally infected with a microsporidian, Glugoides intestinalis. The Daphnia were fed either P-sufficient or P-limited algae. The P-limited diet decreased the population density and biomass compared with the populations fed with the P-sufficient algae. In the P-sufficient populations, infection with the parasite reduced the population density but not the biomass of Daphnia, while in the P-limited populations, both the density and biomass of Daphnia decreased toward the end of the 32 day experiment compared with the uninfected controls. The infected animals from the P-limited populations had higher parasite spore cluster counts, while, in a separate experiment, host diet quality did not affect the number of parasites in individually kept Daphnia. Conclusions Because host diet quality did not affect parasite numbers at the individual level, we suggest that the higher parasite load in the P-limited populations is a result of feedback effects arising at the population level. Because of the density-dependent transmission of the parasite and the time lag between exposure and transmission, the lower host population density in the P-limited populations led to a higher spore:host ratio. This effect may have been further reinforced by decreases in filtration rates caused by crowding in the P-sufficient populations and/or increases in filtration rates as a response to poor food quality in the P-limited populations. The increases in exposure led to a higher parasite load and aggravated the negative effects of parasite infection at the population level. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12898-014-0029-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Jalal M, Shala NK, Wojewodzic MW, Andersen T, Hessen DO. Multigenerational genomic responses to dietary phosphorus and temperature in Daphnia. Genome 2014; 57:439-48. [DOI: 10.1139/gen-2014-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Temperature and nutrient availability are both hypothesized to affect organisms at the cellular and genomic levels. In this multigenerational study, Daphnia magna (D. magna) and Daphnia pulex (D. pulex) were maintained at high (20 °C) and low (10 °C) temperatures and nourished with phosphorus (P)-sufficient (50 μmol/L) and P-deficient (2 μmol/L) algae for up to 35 generations to assess the multigenerational impacts on genome size and nucleus size. Analysis by flow cytometry revealed significant increases in nucleus size for both species as well as genome size for D. magna in response to a low temperature. The degree of endoreplication, measured as cycle value, was species specific and responded to temperature and dietary composition. Under dietary P deficiency, D. magna, but not D. pulex, showed an apparent reduction in haploid genome size (C-value). These genomic responses are unlikely to reflect differences in nucleotide numbers, but rather structural changes affecting fluorochrome binding. While the ultimate and proximate causes of these responses are unknown, they suggest an intriguing potential for genomic responses that merits further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Jalal
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nita K. Shala
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marcin W. Wojewodzic
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Finstad AG, Helland IP, Ugedal O, Hesthagen T, Hessen DO. Unimodal response of fish yield to dissolved organic carbon. Ecol Lett 2013; 17:36-43. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anders G. Finstad
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; P.O. 5685 Sluppen NO-7485 Trondheim Norway
| | - Ingeborg P. Helland
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; P.O. 5685 Sluppen NO-7485 Trondheim Norway
| | - Ola Ugedal
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; P.O. 5685 Sluppen NO-7485 Trondheim Norway
| | - Trygve Hesthagen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; P.O. 5685 Sluppen NO-7485 Trondheim Norway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Department of Bioscience; CEES; University of Oslo; P.O. Box 1066 Blindern NO-0316 Oslo Norway
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Abstract
Experiments with Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex raised at 10 and 20 °C yielded larger adult size at the lower temperature. This must reflect increased cell size, increased cell numbers, or a combination of both. As it is difficult to achieve good estimates on cell size in crustaceans, we, therefore, measured nucleus and genome size using flow cytometry at 10 and 20 °C. DNA was stained with propidium iodide, ethidium bromide, and DAPI. Both nucleus and genome size estimates were elevated at 10 °C compared with 20 °C, suggesting that larger body size at low temperature could partly be accredited to an enlarged nucleus and thus cell size. Confocal microscopy observations confirmed the staining properties of fluorochromes. As differences in nucleotide numbers in response of growth temperature within a life span is unlikely, these results seem accredited to changed DNA–fluorochrome binding properties, presumably reflecting increased DNA condensation at low temperature. This implies that genome size comparisons may be impacted by ambient temperature in ectotherms. It also suggests that temperature-induced structural changes in the genome could affect cell size and for some species even body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Jalal
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marcin W. Wojewodzic
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Carl Morten M. Laane
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Hessen DO, Daufresne M, Leinaas HP. Temperature-size relations from the cellular-genomic perspective. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2012; 88:476-89. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dag O. Hessen
- Department of Biology; University of Oslo, CEES; PO Box 1066 Blindern; 0316; Oslo; Norway
| | - Martin Daufresne
- HYAX-EL; Irstea; 3275 Route de Cézanne; 13182; Aix-en-Provence; France
| | - Hans P. Leinaas
- Department of Biology; University of Oslo, Integrative Biology; PO Box 1066 Blindern; 0316; Oslo; Norway
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Kelly NE, Yan ND, Walseng B, Hessen DO. Differential short- and long-term effects of an invertebrate predator on zooplankton communities in invaded and native lakes. DIVERS DISTRIB 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2012.00946.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen E. Kelly
- Department of Biology; York University; 4700 Keele St; Toronto; ON; M3J 1P3; Canada
| | | | - Bjørn Walseng
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA); Gaustadalléen 21; 0349; Oslo; Norway
| | - Dag O. Hessen
- Department of Biology; University of Oslo; CEEC; Box 1066 Blindern; 0316; Oslo; Norway
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