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Meyer MF, Topp SN, King TV, Ladwig R, Pilla RM, Dugan HA, Eggleston JR, Hampton SE, Leech DM, Oleksy IA, Ross JC, Ross MRV, Woolway RI, Yang X, Brousil MR, Fickas KC, Padowski JC, Pollard AI, Ren J, Zwart JA. National-scale remotely sensed lake trophic state from 1984 through 2020. Sci Data 2024; 11:77. [PMID: 38228637 PMCID: PMC10791641 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-02921-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lake trophic state is a key ecosystem property that integrates a lake's physical, chemical, and biological processes. Despite the importance of trophic state as a gauge of lake water quality, standardized and machine-readable observations are uncommon. Remote sensing presents an opportunity to detect and analyze lake trophic state with reproducible, robust methods across time and space. We used Landsat surface reflectance data to create the first compendium of annual lake trophic state for 55,662 lakes of at least 10 ha in area throughout the contiguous United States from 1984 through 2020. The dataset was constructed with FAIR data principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reproducible) in mind, where data are publicly available, relational keys from parent datasets are retained, and all data wrangling and modeling routines are scripted for future reuse. Together, this resource offers critical data to address basic and applied research questions about lake water quality at a suite of spatial and temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Meyer
- U.S. Geological Survey, Madison, WI, USA.
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao Yang
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Kate C Fickas
- U.S. Geological Survey, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- University of California - Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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2
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Efroymson RA, Peterson MJ, Jett RT, Griffiths NA, Carter ET, Fortner AM, DeRolph CR, Ku P, Matson PG, Pilla RM, Mathews TJ. Remedial effectiveness of a pond biomanipulation: Habitat value and concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish. J Hazard Mater 2024; 461:132587. [PMID: 37778310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The fish and plant communities in a pond contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in East Tennessee, USA, were manipulated to reduce ecological and human-health risk associated with exposure to the chemical contaminants. We evaluated the success of the remedial action using a habitat valuation approach, as well as measuring PCB concentrations in fish. Risk reduction objectives included: alter the fish community to favor fish that do not resuspend, bioaccumulate, or biomagnify PCBs; stabilize contaminated sediments to improve water quality; and stabilize shoreline soils and enhance riparian habitat. Fish targeted for removal included gizzard shad, largemouth bass, and nonnative carp. Reduced PCB concentrations in fish have characterized the new bluegill-dominated community, although a weir-overtopping event led to the need for additional removals of gizzard shad and largemouth bass. Sunfish abundance is high, as was intended. Moreover, amphibian and waterbird diversities have increased in the years following biomanipulation, possibly owing to improvements in the riparian zone and increased structural (vegetation) complexity in both the aquatic and terrestrial environment. Thus, the remedial action has improved aspects of habitat value, and PCB concentrations in sunfish have dropped below the remediation level (risk-based target value) for this pond (1 µg/g in fish fillets or 2.3 µg/g in whole body fish).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R Trent Jett
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Peijia Ku
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
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3
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Lewis ASL, Lau MP, Jane SF, Rose KC, Be'eri-Shlevin Y, Burnet SH, Clayer F, Feuchtmayr H, Grossart HP, Howard DW, Mariash H, Delgado Martin J, North RL, Oleksy I, Pilla RM, Smagula AP, Sommaruga R, Steiner SE, Verburg P, Wain D, Weyhenmeyer GA, Carey CC. Anoxia begets anoxia: A positive feedback to the deoxygenation of temperate lakes. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17046. [PMID: 38273535 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Declining oxygen concentrations in the deep waters of lakes worldwide pose a pressing environmental and societal challenge. Existing theory suggests that low deep-water dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations could trigger a positive feedback through which anoxia (i.e., very low DO) during a given summer begets increasingly severe occurrences of anoxia in following summers. Specifically, anoxic conditions can promote nutrient release from sediments, thereby stimulating phytoplankton growth, and subsequent phytoplankton decomposition can fuel heterotrophic respiration, resulting in increased spatial extent and duration of anoxia. However, while the individual relationships in this feedback are well established, to our knowledge, there has not been a systematic analysis within or across lakes that simultaneously demonstrates all of the mechanisms necessary to produce a positive feedback that reinforces anoxia. Here, we compiled data from 656 widespread temperate lakes and reservoirs to analyze the proposed anoxia begets anoxia feedback. Lakes in the dataset span a broad range of surface area (1-126,909 ha), maximum depth (6-370 m), and morphometry, with a median time-series duration of 30 years at each lake. Using linear mixed models, we found support for each of the positive feedback relationships between anoxia, phosphorus concentrations, chlorophyll a concentrations, and oxygen demand across the 656-lake dataset. Likewise, we found further support for these relationships by analyzing time-series data from individual lakes. Our results indicate that the strength of these feedback relationships may vary with lake-specific characteristics: For example, we found that surface phosphorus concentrations were more positively associated with chlorophyll a in high-phosphorus lakes, and oxygen demand had a stronger influence on the extent of anoxia in deep lakes. Taken together, these results support the existence of a positive feedback that could magnify the effects of climate change and other anthropogenic pressures driving the development of anoxia in lakes around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S L Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Maximilian P Lau
- Interdisciplinary Environmental Research Centre, Technical University of Mining and Resources Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Stephen F Jane
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Kevin C Rose
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Yaron Be'eri-Shlevin
- The Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
| | - Sarah H Burnet
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | | | | | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Stechlin, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dexter W Howard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Heather Mariash
- Prince Albert National Park, Parks Canada, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Rebecca L North
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Isabella Oleksy
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Rachel M Pilla
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Amy P Smagula
- New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Concord, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Ruben Sommaruga
- Department of Ecology, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sara E Steiner
- New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Concord, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Piet Verburg
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cayelan C Carey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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4
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Pilla RM, Griffiths NA, Gu L, Kao SC, McManamay R, Ricciuto DM, Shi X. Anthropogenically driven climate and landscape change effects on inland water carbon dynamics: What have we learned and where are we going? Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:5601-5629. [PMID: 35856254 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inland waters serve as important hydrological connections between the terrestrial landscape and oceans but are often overlooked in global carbon (C) budgets and Earth System Models. Terrestrially derived C entering inland waters from the watershed can be transported to oceans but over 83% is either buried in sediments or emitted to the atmosphere before reaching oceans. Anthropogenic pressures such as climate and landscape changes are altering the magnitude of these C fluxes in inland waters. Here, we synthesize the most recent estimates of C fluxes and the differential contributions across inland waterbody types (rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, and ponds), including recent measurements that incorporate improved sampling methods, small waterbodies, and dried areas. Across all inland waters, we report a global C emission estimate of 4.40 Pg C/year (95% confidence interval: 3.95-4.85 Pg C/year), representing a 13% increase from the most recent estimate. We also review the mechanisms by which the most globally widespread anthropogenically driven climate and landscape changes influence inland water C fluxes. The majority of these drivers are expected to influence terrestrial C inputs to inland waters due to alterations in terrestrial C quality and quantity, hydrological pathways, and biogeochemical processing. We recommend four research priorities for the future study of anthropogenic alterations to inland water C fluxes: (1) before-and-after measurements of C fluxes associated with climate change events and landscape changes, (2) better quantification of C input from land, (3) improved assessment of spatial coverage and contributions of small inland waterbodies to C fluxes, and (4) integration of dried and drawdown areas to global C flux estimates. Improved measurements of inland water C fluxes and quantification of uncertainty in these estimates will be vital to understanding both terrestrial C losses and the "moving target" of inland water C emissions in response to rapid and complex anthropogenic pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Pilla
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Natalie A Griffiths
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lianhong Gu
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shih-Chieh Kao
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ryan McManamay
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel M Ricciuto
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shi
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
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5
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Hrycik AR, Isles PDF, Adrian R, Albright M, Bacon LC, Berger SA, Bhattacharya R, Grossart HP, Hejzlar J, Hetherington AL, Knoll LB, Laas A, McDonald CP, Merrell K, Nejstgaard JC, Nelson K, Nõges P, Paterson AM, Pilla RM, Robertson DM, Rudstam LG, Rusak JA, Sadro S, Silow EA, Stockwell JD, Yao H, Yokota K, Pierson DC. Earlier winter/spring runoff and snowmelt during warmer winters lead to lower summer chlorophyll-a in north temperate lakes. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:4615-4629. [PMID: 34241940 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Winter conditions, such as ice cover and snow accumulation, are changing rapidly at northern latitudes and can have important implications for lake processes. For example, snowmelt in the watershed-a defining feature of lake hydrology because it delivers a large portion of annual nutrient inputs-is becoming earlier. Consequently, earlier and a shorter duration of snowmelt are expected to affect annual phytoplankton biomass. To test this hypothesis, we developed an index of runoff timing based on the date when 50% of cumulative runoff between January 1 and May 31 had occurred. The runoff index was computed using stream discharge for inflows, outflows, or for flows from nearby streams for 41 lakes in Europe and North America. The runoff index was then compared with summer chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration (a proxy for phytoplankton biomass) across 5-53 years for each lake. Earlier runoff generally corresponded to lower summer Chl-a. Furthermore, years with earlier runoff also had lower winter/spring runoff magnitude, more protracted runoff, and earlier ice-out. We examined several lake characteristics that may regulate the strength of the relationship between runoff timing and summer Chl-a concentrations; however, our tested covariates had little effect on the relationship. Date of ice-out was not clearly related to summer Chl-a concentrations. Our results indicate that ongoing changes in winter conditions may have important consequences for summer phytoplankton biomass and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Hrycik
- Biology Department/Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Peter D F Isles
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Sciences (Eawag), Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Rita Adrian
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Linda C Bacon
- State of Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, ME, USA
| | - Stella A Berger
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Stechlin, Germany
| | - Ruchi Bhattacharya
- Legacies of Agricultural Pollutants, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Stechlin, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Postdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Josef Hejzlar
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Amy Lee Hetherington
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Lesley B Knoll
- Itasca Biological Station, University of Minnesota, Lake Itasca, MN, USA
| | - Alo Laas
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Cory P McDonald
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Kellie Merrell
- Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation, Montpelier, VT, USA
| | - Jens C Nejstgaard
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Stechlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Nelson
- New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Concord, NH, USA
| | - Peeter Nõges
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrew M Paterson
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel M Pilla
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Dale M Robertson
- Upper Midwest Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Middleton, WI, USA
| | - Lars G Rudstam
- Cornell Biological Field Station, Cornell University, Bridgeport, NY, USA
| | - James A Rusak
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Sadro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Eugene A Silow
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Jason D Stockwell
- Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Huaxia Yao
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiyoko Yokota
- Biology Department, State University of New York College at Oneonta, Oneonta, NY, USA
| | - Donald C Pierson
- Section of Limnology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Pilla RM, Mette EM, Williamson CE, Adamovich BV, Adrian R, Anneville O, Balseiro E, Ban S, Chandra S, Colom-Montero W, Devlin SP, Dix MA, Dokulil MT, Feldsine NA, Feuchtmayr H, Fogarty NK, Gaiser EE, Girdner SF, González MJ, Hambright KD, Hamilton DP, Havens K, Hessen DO, Hetzenauer H, Higgins SN, Huttula TH, Huuskonen H, Isles PDF, Joehnk KD, Keller WB, Klug J, Knoll LB, Korhonen J, Korovchinsky NM, Köster O, Kraemer BM, Leavitt PR, Leoni B, Lepori F, Lepskaya EV, Lottig NR, Luger MS, Maberly SC, MacIntyre S, McBride C, McIntyre P, Melles SJ, Modenutti B, Müller-Navarra DC, Pacholski L, Paterson AM, Pierson DC, Pislegina HV, Plisnier PD, Richardson DC, Rimmer A, Rogora M, Rogozin DY, Rusak JA, Rusanovskaya OO, Sadro S, Salmaso N, Saros JE, Sarvala J, Saulnier-Talbot É, Schindler DE, Shimaraeva SV, Silow EA, Sitoki LM, Sommaruga R, Straile D, Strock KE, Swain H, Tallant JM, Thiery W, Timofeyev MA, Tolomeev AP, Tominaga K, Vanni MJ, Verburg P, Vinebrooke RD, Wanzenböck J, Weathers K, Weyhenmeyer GA, Zadereev ES, Zhukova TV. Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes. Sci Data 2021; 8:200. [PMID: 34349102 PMCID: PMC8339007 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change and other anthropogenic stressors have led to long-term changes in the thermal structure, including surface temperatures, deepwater temperatures, and vertical thermal gradients, in many lakes around the world. Though many studies highlight warming of surface water temperatures in lakes worldwide, less is known about long-term trends in full vertical thermal structure and deepwater temperatures, which have been changing less consistently in both direction and magnitude. Here, we present a globally-expansive data set of summertime in-situ vertical temperature profiles from 153 lakes, with one time series beginning as early as 1894. We also compiled lake geographic, morphometric, and water quality variables that can influence vertical thermal structure through a variety of potential mechanisms in these lakes. These long-term time series of vertical temperature profiles and corresponding lake characteristics serve as valuable data to help understand changes and drivers of lake thermal structure in a time of rapid global and ecological change.
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Grants
- DEB 1754276 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- DEB 1950170 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 0947096 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 9318452 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 9726877 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 0235755 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 0743192 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 1255159 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- 1418698 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Arctic LTER DEB-1637459 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- UOWX1503 Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)
- #18-44-0620 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- #20-64-46003 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- № 19-04-00362A Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)
- 2017-00635 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research (BRFFR)
- IGB Long-term Ecological Research Programme
- SOERE OLA, AnaEE-France, INRA Thonon les Bains, SILA (Syndicat Mixte du Lac d'Annecy), CISALB (Comité Intercommunautaire pour l'Assainissement du Lac du Bourget), CIPEL (Commission Internationale pour la protection des eaux du Léman)
- University of Nevada, Reno (UNR)
- UC | University of California, Davis (UC Davis)
- Castle Lake Environmental Research and Education Program
- Flathead Lake Monitoring Program
- U.S. PeaceCorps, Ministerio de Ambiente y Recursos Naturales of Guatemala
- Institute for water ecology, fish biology and lake research and the Institute for Limnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, the EC project 'Response of European Freshwater Lakes to Environmental and Climatic Change' (REFLECT, ENV4-CT97-0453), the EC-project 'Climate Impacts on European Lakes' CLIME, EVK1-CT-2002-00121), the project 'Risk Analysis of Direct and Indirect Climate effects on deep Austrian Lake Ecosystems' (RADICAL) funded by the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund (No. K09ACK00046) – Austrian Climate Research Programme
- Mohonk Preserve
- Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCaPE programme delivering National Capability
- Archbold Biological Station, Florida Lakewatch Program
- Crater Lake National Park Long-Term Limnological Monitoring Program
- Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE)
- Institut für Seenforschung, Langenargen (Intenationale Gewässerschutzkommission für den Bodensee - IGKB)
- UVM | Lake Champlain Sea Grant, University of Vermont (Lake Champlain Sea Grant)
- Lake Champlain Long-term Monitoring program (VT DEC and NY DEC)
- Lake Wallenpaupack Watershed Management District
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE
- Amt für Abfall, Wasser, Energie und Luft (AWEL) of the Canton of Zurich
- Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology)
- Canada Research Chairs (Chaires de recherche du Canada)
- Canada Foundation for Innovation (Fondation canadienne pour l'innovation)
- University of Regina (U of R)
- Queen's University Belfast
- Province of Saskatchewan
- Commissione Internazionale per la protezione delle acque italo-svizzere, Ufficio della protezione delle acque e dell'approvvigionamento idrico del Canton Ticino
- North Temperate Lakes LTER NTL-LTER #1440297
- Bay of Plenty Regional Council; Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment: Enhancing the Health and Resilience of New Zealand lakes (UOWX1503)
- Max-Planck-Institute for Limnology Plön
- Russian Ministry of Higher Education and Research (projects № FZZE-2020-0026; № FZZE-2020-0023), Foundation for support of applied ecological studies «Lake Baikal» (https://baikalfoundation.ru/project/tochka-1/)
- Belgian Science Policy (Choltic, Climlake, Climfish)
- International Commission for the Protection of Swiss-Italian Waters (CIPAIS); LTER (Long Term Ecological Research) Italian network, site ‘‘Southern Alpine lakes’’, LTER_EU_IT_008
- Joe W. and Dorothy Dorsett Brown Foundation (Joe W. & Dorothy Dorsett Brown Foundation)
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre
- Russian Ministry of Higher Education and Research (projects № FZZE-2020-0026; № FZZE-2020-0023), and of Foundation for support of applied ecological studies «Lake Baikal» (https://baikalfoundation.ru/project/tochka-1/)
- LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) Italian network, site ‘‘Southern Alpine lakes’’, IT08-005-A (http://www.lteritalia.it), with the support of the ARPA Veneto
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Gordon E. and Betty I. Moore Foundation)
- the Andrew Mellon Foundation, the Bristol Bay salmon processors
- Long-Term Monitoring of Signy Lake Chemistry by BAS 1963-2004. Ref: GB/NERC/BAS/AEDC/00063; the Polar Data Centre under Open Government Licence © NERC-BAS; CLANIMAE project funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office
- LTSER platform Tyrolean Alps, the national and international long-term ecological research network (LTER‐Austria, LTER Europe and ILTER)
- Archbold Biological Station, the Florida Lakewatch program
- University of Michigan Biological Station, Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research
- West Coast Regional Council & NIWA; Bay of Plenty Regional Council; Waikato Regional Council and NIWA
- Institute for water ecology, fish biology and lake research and the Institute for Limnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences; the EC project 'Response of European Freshwater Lakes to Environmental and Climatic Change' (REFLECT, ENV4-CT97-0453); the EC-project 'Climate Impacts on European Lakes' CLIME, EVK1-CT-2002-00121); the project 'Risk Analysis of Direct and Indirect Climate effects on deep Austrian Lake Ecosystems' (RADICAL) funded by the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund (No. K09ACK00046) – Austrian Climate Research Programme (ACRP, http://www.klimafonds.gv.at)
- Lake Sunapee Protective Association
- Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES), and Swedish Research Council grant no 2017-00635
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Pilla
- Miami University, Department of Biology, Oxford, Ohio, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Rita Adrian
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Ecosystem Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orlane Anneville
- INRAE, University of Savoie Mont-Blanc, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | | | - Syuhei Ban
- University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Sudeep Chandra
- University of Nevada, Reno, Global Water Center, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | | | - Shawn P Devlin
- University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana, USA
| | - Margaret A Dix
- Universidad del Valle de Guatemala Centro de Estudios Atitlan, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Martin T Dokulil
- University of Innsbruck, Research Department for Limnology Mondsee, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Natalie A Feldsine
- Mohonk Preserve, Daniel Smiley Research Center, New Paltz, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Evelyn E Gaiser
- Florida International University, Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Environment, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Scott F Girdner
- U.S. National Park Service, Crater Lake National Park, Crater Lake, Oregon, USA
| | | | - K David Hambright
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Biology, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - David P Hamilton
- Griffith University, Australian Rivers Institute, Nathan, Australia
| | - Karl Havens
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Dag O Hessen
- University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Hetzenauer
- LUBW Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg, Institut für Seenforschung, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Scott N Higgins
- IISD Experimental Lake Area Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Hannu Huuskonen
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Peter D F Isles
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Wendel Bill Keller
- Laurentian University, Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jen Klug
- Fairfield University, Biology Department, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lesley B Knoll
- University of Minnesota, Itasca Biological Station and Laboratories, Lake Itasca, Minnesota, USA
| | - Johanna Korhonen
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Freshwater Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nikolai M Korovchinsky
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of The Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Ecology of Water Communities and Invasions, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oliver Köster
- Zurich Water Supply, City of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin M Kraemer
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Ecosystem Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter R Leavitt
- University of Regina, Institute of Environmental Change and Society, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Fabio Lepori
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Department for Environment, Constructions and Design, Canobbio, Switzerland
| | - Ekaterina V Lepskaya
- Kamchatka Research Institute of Fisheries & Oceanography, now Kamchatka Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
| | - Noah R Lottig
- University of Wisconsin, Center for Limnology, Boulder Junction, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Martin S Luger
- Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries Management, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Stephen C Maberly
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lake Ecosystems Group, Lancaster, UK
| | - Sally MacIntyre
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Chris McBride
- University of Waikato, Environmental Research Institute, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Peter McIntyre
- University of Wisconsin, Center for Limnology, Boulder Junction, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stephanie J Melles
- Ryerson University, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Laura Pacholski
- Dominion Diamond Mines, Environment Department, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew M Paterson
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
| | - Don C Pierson
- Uppsala University, Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Pierre-Denis Plisnier
- University of Liège, Chemical Oceanography Unit, Institut de Physique (B5A), Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Alon Rimmer
- The Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
| | - Michela Rogora
- CNR Water Research institute, Verbania, Verbania, Pallanza, Italy
| | - Denis Y Rogozin
- Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - James A Rusak
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Dorset, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Steve Sadro
- University of California Davis, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Davis, California, USA
| | - Nico Salmaso
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Jasmine E Saros
- University of Maine, Climate Change Institute, Orono, Maine, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel E Schindler
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Eugene A Silow
- Irkutsk State University, Institute of Biology, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Lewis M Sitoki
- The Technical University of Kenya, Department of Geosciences and the Environment, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ruben Sommaruga
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Ecology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Straile
- University of Konstanz, Limnological Institute, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kristin E Strock
- Dickinson College, Department of Environmental Science, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hilary Swain
- Archbold Biological Station, Venus, Florida, USA
| | - Jason M Tallant
- University of Michigan, Biological Station, Pellston, Michigan, USA
| | - Wim Thiery
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Brussels, Belgium
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander P Tolomeev
- Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Koji Tominaga
- University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Piet Verburg
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Rolf D Vinebrooke
- University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Josef Wanzenböck
- University of Innsbruck, Research Department for Limnology Mondsee, Mondsee, Austria
| | | | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Uppsala University, Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Egor S Zadereev
- Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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7
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Pilla RM, Williamson CE, Adamovich BV, Adrian R, Anneville O, Chandra S, Colom-Montero W, Devlin SP, Dix MA, Dokulil MT, Gaiser EE, Girdner SF, Hambright KD, Hamilton DP, Havens K, Hessen DO, Higgins SN, Huttula TH, Huuskonen H, Isles PDF, Joehnk KD, Jones ID, Keller WB, Knoll LB, Korhonen J, Kraemer BM, Leavitt PR, Lepori F, Luger MS, Maberly SC, Melack JM, Melles SJ, Müller-Navarra DC, Pierson DC, Pislegina HV, Plisnier PD, Richardson DC, Rimmer A, Rogora M, Rusak JA, Sadro S, Salmaso N, Saros JE, Saulnier-Talbot É, Schindler DE, Schmid M, Shimaraeva SV, Silow EA, Sitoki LM, Sommaruga R, Straile D, Strock KE, Thiery W, Timofeyev MA, Verburg P, Vinebrooke RD, Weyhenmeyer GA, Zadereev E. Deeper waters are changing less consistently than surface waters in a global analysis of 102 lakes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20514. [PMID: 33239702 PMCID: PMC7688658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, lake surface water temperatures have warmed rapidly relative to air temperatures, but changes in deepwater temperatures and vertical thermal structure are still largely unknown. We have compiled the most comprehensive data set to date of long-term (1970–2009) summertime vertical temperature profiles in lakes across the world to examine trends and drivers of whole-lake vertical thermal structure. We found significant increases in surface water temperatures across lakes at an average rate of + 0.37 °C decade−1, comparable to changes reported previously for other lakes, and similarly consistent trends of increasing water column stability (+ 0.08 kg m−3 decade−1). In contrast, however, deepwater temperature trends showed little change on average (+ 0.06 °C decade−1), but had high variability across lakes, with trends in individual lakes ranging from − 0.68 °C decade−1 to + 0.65 °C decade−1. The variability in deepwater temperature trends was not explained by trends in either surface water temperatures or thermal stability within lakes, and only 8.4% was explained by lake thermal region or local lake characteristics in a random forest analysis. These findings suggest that external drivers beyond our tested lake characteristics are important in explaining long-term trends in thermal structure, such as local to regional climate patterns or additional external anthropogenic influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Pilla
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
| | | | | | - Rita Adrian
- Department of Ecosystems Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sudeep Chandra
- Global Water Center, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | | | - Shawn P Devlin
- Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT, USA
| | - Margaret A Dix
- Instituto de Investigacones, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Martin T Dokulil
- Research Department for Limnology Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Evelyn E Gaiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Scott F Girdner
- Crater Lake National Park, U.S. National Park Service, Crater Lake, OR, USA
| | - K David Hambright
- Department of Biology, Plankton Ecology and Limnology Lab and Geographical Ecology Group, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - David P Hamilton
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Karl Havens
- Florida Sea Grant and UF/IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dag O Hessen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Timo H Huttula
- Freshwater Center, Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Huuskonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Peter D F Isles
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Ian D Jones
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Wendel Bill Keller
- Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Laurentian University, Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Lesley B Knoll
- Itasca Biological Station and Laboratories, University of Minnesota, Lake Itasca, MN, USA
| | - Johanna Korhonen
- Freshwater Center, Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Benjamin M Kraemer
- Department of Ecosystems Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter R Leavitt
- Institute of Environmental Change and Society, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada.,Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast Co., Antrim, UK
| | - Fabio Lepori
- Department for Environment, Constructions and Design, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Canobbio, Switzerland
| | - Martin S Luger
- Federal Agency for Water Management AT, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Stephen C Maberly
- Lake Ecosystems Group, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, UK
| | - John M Melack
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie J Melles
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Don C Pierson
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Alon Rimmer
- The Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
| | | | - James A Rusak
- Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation, and Parks, Dorset, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Sadro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nico Salmaso
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele All'Adige, Italy
| | - Jasmine E Saros
- Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | | | - Daniel E Schindler
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martin Schmid
- Surface Waters-Research and Management, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | | | - Eugene A Silow
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Lewis M Sitoki
- Department of Geosciences and the Environment, The Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ruben Sommaruga
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Straile
- Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kristin E Strock
- Department of Environmental Science, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, USA
| | - Wim Thiery
- Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Piet Verburg
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Rolf D Vinebrooke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Egor Zadereev
- Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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