1
|
Anjeli UG, Sartimbul A, Sulistiyati TD, Yona D, Iranawati F, Seftiyawan FO, Aliviyanti D, Lauro FM, Matallana-Surget S, Fanda AM, Winata VA. Microplastics contamination in aquaculture-rich regions: A case study in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:171992. [PMID: 38537826 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of plastic has resulted in the accumulation of plastic waste across a range of sizes, notably including microplastics (MPs). The introduction of MPs into aquatic ecosystems can lead to the contamination of organisms, mainly fish. This study reports for the first time a quantitative and qualitative analysis conducted on the abundance of MPs encountered in water and sediment of milkfish aquaculture ponds in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Water and sediment samples were collected at three stations between February to April 2021. The abundance of MPs was analyzed through the application of one-way ANOVA tests and Pearson's correlation analysis. The results identified four types of MPs: fragments, fibers, films, and pellets. The highest abundance of MPs in both water (10.40 particle/L) and sediment samples (1.15 particle/g) was observed in March. The predominant MPs size in the water samples is 100-500 μm, while it is below 100 μm in the sediment. The color of the MPs varied across eight colors: black, purple, red, blue, yellow, pink, green, and transparent. The identification of MPs polymers was found to be polypropylene (PP), Polyurethane (PU), Polycarbonate (PC), Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE), High-density polyethylene (HDPE), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The presence of MPs in the water column and sediments was correlated with human activities around the ponds. Hence, the abundance of MPs is a source of pollution that has the potential to damage the nutritional quality of farmed milkfish. This study provides important information for the local governments to develop waste management policies for a cleaner environment and improved human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulfa Gita Anjeli
- Magister Program of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, 65145 Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Aida Sartimbul
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia; Marine Resources Exploration and Management (MEXMA), Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Titik Dwi Sulistiyati
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Defri Yona
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia; Marine Resources Exploration and Management (MEXMA), Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Feni Iranawati
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia; Marine Resources Exploration and Management (MEXMA), Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Fahreza Okta Seftiyawan
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Dian Aliviyanti
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Federico M Lauro
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, Cleantech ONE, 1 Cleantech Loop, 637141, Singapore
| | - Sabine Matallana-Surget
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - Aigan Mubiena Fanda
- Magister Program of Built Environment Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan M.T. Haryono 167, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Victor Adi Winata
- Magister Program of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran 10-11, 65145 Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Efroymson RA, Peterson MJ, Jett RT, Griffiths NA, Carter ET, Fortner AM, DeRolph CR, Ku P, Matson PG, Pilla RM, Mathews TJ. Remedial effectiveness of a pond biomanipulation: Habitat value and concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish. J Hazard Mater 2024; 461:132587. [PMID: 37778310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The fish and plant communities in a pond contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in East Tennessee, USA, were manipulated to reduce ecological and human-health risk associated with exposure to the chemical contaminants. We evaluated the success of the remedial action using a habitat valuation approach, as well as measuring PCB concentrations in fish. Risk reduction objectives included: alter the fish community to favor fish that do not resuspend, bioaccumulate, or biomagnify PCBs; stabilize contaminated sediments to improve water quality; and stabilize shoreline soils and enhance riparian habitat. Fish targeted for removal included gizzard shad, largemouth bass, and nonnative carp. Reduced PCB concentrations in fish have characterized the new bluegill-dominated community, although a weir-overtopping event led to the need for additional removals of gizzard shad and largemouth bass. Sunfish abundance is high, as was intended. Moreover, amphibian and waterbird diversities have increased in the years following biomanipulation, possibly owing to improvements in the riparian zone and increased structural (vegetation) complexity in both the aquatic and terrestrial environment. Thus, the remedial action has improved aspects of habitat value, and PCB concentrations in sunfish have dropped below the remediation level (risk-based target value) for this pond (1 µg/g in fish fillets or 2.3 µg/g in whole body fish).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R Trent Jett
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Peijia Ku
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ekundayo TC, Swalaha FM, Ijabadeniyi OA. Socioeconomic indices guided linear mixed-effects and meta-regression modelling of the temporal, global and regional prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in environmental waters: A class I carcinogen. J Environ Manage 2023; 342:118282. [PMID: 37315468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental waters (EW) substantially lend to the transmission of Helicobacter pylori (Hp). But the increase in Hp infections and antimicrobial resistance is often attributed to socioeconomic status. The connection between socioeconomic status and Hp prevalence in EW is however yet to be investigated. This study aimed to assess the impacts of socioeconomic indices (SI: continent, world bank region (WBR), world bank income (WBI), WHO region, Socio-demographic Index (SDI quintile), Sustainable Development Index (SuDI), and Human Development Index (HDI)) on the prevalence of Hp in EW. Hp-EW data were fitted to a generalized linear mixed-effects model and SI-guided meta-regression models with a 1000-resampling test. The worldwide prevalence of Hp in EW was 21.76% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.29-40.29], which declined significantly from 59.52% [43.28-74.37] in 1990-99 to 19.36% [3.99-58.09] in 2010-19 and with increasing trend in 2020-22 (33.33%, 22.66-45.43). Hp prevalence in EW was highest in North America (45.12%, 17.07-76.66), then Europe (22.38%, 5.96-56.74), South America (22.09%, 13.76-33.49), Asia (2.98%, 0.02-85.17), and Africa (2.56%, 0.00-99.99). It was negligibly different among sampling settings, WBI, and WHO regions demonstrating highest prevalence in rural location [42.62%, 3.07-94.56], HIEs [32.82%, 13.19-61.10], and AMR [39.43%, 19.92-63.01], respectively. However, HDI, sample size, and microbiological method robustly predict Hp prevalence in EW justifying 26.08%, 21.15%, and 16.44% of the true difference, respectively. In conclusion, Hp is highly prevalence in EW across regional/socioeconomic strata and thus challenged the uses of socioeconomic status as surrogate for hygienic/sanitary practices in estimating Hp infection prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Temitope C Ekundayo
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, Steve Bike Campus, 121 Steve Biko Rd, Musgrave, Berea, 4001, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Feroz M Swalaha
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, Steve Bike Campus, 121 Steve Biko Rd, Musgrave, Berea, 4001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Oluwatosin A Ijabadeniyi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, Steve Bike Campus, 121 Steve Biko Rd, Musgrave, Berea, 4001, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mramba RP, Kahindi EJ. Pond water quality and its relation to fish yield and disease occurrence in small-scale aquaculture in arid areas. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16753. [PMID: 37274696 PMCID: PMC10238929 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the associations between water availability and management practises with pond water parameters in small-scale aquaculture in arid areas. Further, the study determined the associations between fish yield and disease incidence with the pond water parameters. We visited 36 tilapia farmers in Dodoma, a semi-arid region in Tanzania, for interviews and measurements of pond water parameters. The interviews collected information about pond type, pond age, water sources, feed type, pond fertilisation, stocking density, and disease incidences. The sources of water for the aquaculture activities were tap water, boreholes, and shallow wells. The source of water and management practises were linked to the parameters of the pond water. On the other hand, the parameters of the pond water were associated with fish yield and the likelihood of disease occurrence. Fish yield had a non-linear relationship with DO, turbidity, salinity, and stocking density and a linear association with pH. To expand aquaculture development in arid areas, efficient use of water through integrated aquaculture is recommended. Training farmers in good management practises and integration is necessary to ensure sustainable aquaculture development in arid areas.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ersoy Z, Abril M, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Espinosa C, Vendrell-Puigmitja L, Proia L. Experimental assessment of salinization effects on freshwater zooplankton communities and their trophic interactions under eutrophic conditions. Environ Pollut 2022; 313:120127. [PMID: 36089138 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are becoming saltier due to human activities. The effects of increased salinity can lead to cascading trophic interactions, affecting ecosystem functioning and energy transfer, through changes in community and size structure. These effects can be modulated by other environmental factors, such as nutrients. For example, communities developed under eutrophic conditions could be less sensitive to salinization due to cross-tolerance mechanisms. In this study, we used a mesocosm approach to assess the effects of a salinization gradient on the zooplankton community composition and size structure under eutrophic conditions and the cascading effects on algal communities. Our results showed that zooplankton biomass, size diversity and mean body size decreased with increased chloride concentration induced by salt addition. This change in the zooplankton community did not have cascading effects on phytoplankton. The phytoplankton biomass decreased after the chloride concentration threshold of 500 mg L-1 was reached, most likely due to direct toxic effects on the osmotic regulation and nutrient uptake processes of certain algae rather than as a response to community turnover or top-down control. Our study can help to put in place mitigation strategies for salinization and eutrophication, which often co-occur in freshwater ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Ersoy
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Rui Nabeiro' Biodiversity Chair, MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Meritxell Abril
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Espinosa
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Lidia Vendrell-Puigmitja
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Proia
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hernández-Crespo C, Fernández-Gonzalvo MI, Miglio RM, Martín M. Escherichia coli removal in a treatment wetland - pond system: A mathematical modelling experience. Sci Total Environ 2022; 839:156237. [PMID: 35623515 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A full-scale treatment wetland (TW) (100 inhabitants, 14 m3·d-1), composed of two horizontal subsurface flow wetlands (TW1-400 m2 and TW2-200 m2) and a small pond (13 m2), has been evaluated for Escherichia coli (E. coli) removal. The results indicate a global removal from 1.74·106 to 685 MPN·100 mL-1 (3.41 log units), reducing E. coli sufficiently to reach values suitable for reuse purposes such as agricultural reuse, without energy and reagent consumption. The small pond at the end of the treatment train plays an important role in E. coli removal and biodiversity enhancement. Data from TW1 and TW2 have been fitted to the P-k-C* model, giving values of 134 and 100 m·yr-1 for the first-order kinetic reaction coefficient. For the pond, a process-based model using continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) and a 3d-CFD model have been implemented and compared. The models indicate that solar disinfection and predation by daphnids are the most important mechanisms in the studied pond, representing 65% and 25% of the removal respectively. It can be concluded that CSTR can provide good results for small ponds and 3d-CFD model provides extra information, useful to enhance their design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Hernández-Crespo
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente - Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
| | - Miriam I Fernández-Gonzalvo
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente - Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Martín
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente - Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen L, Qian Y, Jia Q, Weng R, Zhang X, Li Y, Qiu J. A large geographic-scale characterization of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in surface sediments and multiple aquatic foods of inland freshwater aquaculture ponds in China: Co-occurrence, source and risk assessment. Environ Pollut 2022; 308:119716. [PMID: 35809714 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inland freshwater aquaculture ponds (IFAPs) represent the key component of the global lentic freshwater environment and are increasingly important for global aquaculture production, yet the occurrence of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in these pond systems remains largely unknown. Here, we characterized the residual concentrations of 19 individual OCPs in sediments and in cultured fish and crustacean species (crabs, shrimp, crayfish and lobster), which were on-spot sampled from the IFAPs at a large region-scale in China. The total OCP levels in sediments varied dramatically between regions. Crabs presented the greatest OCP contamination among the studied species. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) was the dominating contaminant in sediments and crabs and its stable degradation products 4,4'-DDE and 4,4'-DDD were co-occurrent between these two compartments. The diagnostic ratio analysis indicated fresh inputs of DDTs, lindane and aldrin in multiple regions, which may be resulted from agricultural soil erosion, surface runoff and local anthropogenic activities. Ecological impacts of these pesticides could be expected at some sites due to their levels in sediments above the risk level. Risk assessment based on the OCP levels corrected by the cooking loss revealed that daily consumption of the IFAPs-derived aquatic foods may pose carcinogenic risks in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rui Weng
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinglian Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yun Li
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ulrich U, Lorenz S, Hörmann G, Stähler M, Neubauer L, Fohrer N. Multiple pesticides in lentic small water bodies: Exposure, ecotoxicological risk, and contamination origin. Sci Total Environ 2022; 816:151504. [PMID: 34785230 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lentic small water bodies (LSWB) are a highly valuable landscape element with important ecosystem services and benefits for humans and the environment. However, data about their pesticide contamination dynamic and the associated ecotoxicological effects are scarce. To overcome these knowledge gaps, five LSWBs located in agricultural fields in Northern Germany were studied during the spring pesticide application period (April to July 2018) and the concentrations of 94 pesticides were measured in weekly intervals. The goals of this study were to observe the trends of pesticide contamination during the application period, assess the ecotoxicity of the contamination, and assign the findings to temporal and spatial origins. Samples contained pesticide concentrations between 0.12 and 4.83 μg L-1 as sums. High detection frequencies (81% of samples) and concentrations (max 1.2 μg L-1) were observed for metazachlor transformation products. Contamination from multiple pesticides was detected with up to 25 compounds per sample and a maximum of 37 compounds per LSWB during the entire sampling period. High toxicities for algae and macrophytes were recorded using toxic units (TU) of -0.2 to -3.5. TUs for invertebrates were generally lower than for algae/macrophytes (-2.7 to -5.2) but were also recorded at levels with ecological impacts. Pesticide detections were separated into four categories to assign them to different temporal and spatial origins. Pesticides from the spring (5-11%) and the previous autumn (0-36%) application periods were detected in the LSWB. Some pesticides could be related to the application of the previous crop on the same field (0-39%), but most of the compounds (44-85%) were not related to the crop management in the last two years on the respective LSWB fields. The relevance of different input pathways is still unknown. Particularly, the effect of long-distance transport needs to be clarified to protect aquatic biota in LSWBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Ulrich
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Stefan Lorenz
- Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius Kuehn Institute, Koenigin-Luise-Straße 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Hörmann
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Stähler
- Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius Kuehn Institute, Koenigin-Luise-Straße 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lydia Neubauer
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicola Fohrer
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bandopadhyay C, Manna SK, Samanta S, Chowdhury AN, Maitra N, Mohanty BP, Sarkar K, Mukherjee SK. Culture-dependent study of arsenic-reducing bacteria in deep aquatic sediments of Bengal Delta. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:57440-57448. [PMID: 34482463 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biogeochemical release of soil-bound arsenic (As) governs mobilization of the toxic metalloid into the groundwater. The present study has examined AsV-reduction ability of bacteria from anoxic aquatic sediments that might contribute to arsenic mobilization in the Bengal Delta. Arsenic-reducing bacteria from deep layers of pond sediment were enriched and isolated in anaerobic environments and AsV reduction was assessed in culture medium. The pond sediment enrichments harboured AsV-reducing bacteria belonging to the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria with dominance of Paraclostridium benzoelyticum and P. bifermentans. Among total 17 isolates, the respiratory reductase genes were not detected by the most common primers and only 3 strains had arsenic reductase ArsC gene suggesting involvement of resistance and some unknown mechanisms in AsV reduction. Presence of high levels of organic matter, As, and As-reducing bacteria might make deep aquatic sediments a hot spot of As mobilization and aquifer contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Bandopadhyay
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India
| | - Sanjib Kumar Manna
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India.
| | - Srikanta Samanta
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India
| | | | - Nilanjan Maitra
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India
| | - Bimal Prasanna Mohanty
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India
- Fisheries Science Division, KAB II, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Keka Sarkar
- University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang J, Qian R, Gao J, Bing H, Huang Q, Qi L, Song S, Huang J. A novel framework to predict water turbidity using Bayesian modeling. Water Res 2021; 202:117406. [PMID: 34273777 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High water turbidity in aquatic ecosystems is a global challenge due to its harmful impacts. A cost-effective manner to rapidly and accurately measure water turbidity is thus of particular useful in water management with limited resources. This study developed a novel framework aiming to predict water turbidity in various aquatic ecosystems. The framework predicted water turbidity and quantified the uncertainty of the prediction through Bayesian modeling. To improve model performance, a model-update method was implemented in the framework to update the model structure and parameters once more measured data were available. 120 paired records (an image from smartphone and a measured water turbidity value by standard turbidimeters for each record) were collected from rivers, lakes and ponds across China to evaluate the performance of the developed framework. Our cross-validation results revealed a well prediction of water turbidity with Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NS) >0.87 (p<0.001) during the training period and NS>0.73 (p<0.001) during the validation period. The model-update method (in case of more measured data) for the developed Bayesian models in the framework resulted in a decreasing trend of model uncertainty and a stable mode fit. This study demonstrated a high value of the Bayesian-based framework in predicting water turbidity in a robust and easy manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Rui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Lingyan Qi
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Resources Environment and GIS, School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, 189 South Jiuhua Road, Wuhu 241003, China
| | - Song Song
- School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiafang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-Tropical Eco-Geographical Processes (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Konoplev A, Wakiyama Y, Wada T, Udy C, Kanivets V, Ivanov MM, Komissarov M, Takase T, Goto A, Nanba K. Radiocesium distribution and mid-term dynamics in the ponds of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant exclusion zone in 2015-2019. Chemosphere 2021; 265:129058. [PMID: 33250230 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzes the 137Cs behavior in the ponds of Okuma Town from 2015 to 2019 in the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) exclusion zone. A decline in both particulate and dissolved 137Cs activity concentrations was revealed. The decline rate constants for the particulate 137Cs activity concentration were found to be higher than for the dissolved 137Cs activity concentration. In terms of seasonality the dissolved 137Cs concentrations were higher from June to October, depending on the specific pond and year, most likely due to temperature dependence of 137Cs desorption from frayed edge sites of micaceous clay minerals. The apparent Kd(137Cs) in the studied ponds, in absolute value, appeared to be much higher than that for closed and semi-closed lakes of the Chernobyl contaminated area; however, these were comparable to the values characteristic of the rivers and reservoirs of the FDNPP contaminated area. The apparent Kd(137Cs) in the suspended sediment-water system was observed to decrease over time. It was hypothesized that this trend was associated with the decomposition of glassy hot particles. Relying on the theory of selective sorption and fixation, the exchangeable radiocesium interception potential, RIPex(K) was estimated using data on 137Cs speciation in the surface bottom-sediment layer and its distribution in the sediment-water system. For the studied ponds, RIPex(K) was on the average 2050 mEq/kg, which is within the range of values measured in laboratory studies reported in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Konoplev
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Wakiyama
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Wada
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Cameron Udy
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
| | - Volodymyr Kanivets
- Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute, Nauki Av., 37, Kiev, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Maxim M Ivanov
- Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Tsugiko Takase
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Azusa Goto
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Kenji Nanba
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anderson TL, Ousterhout BH, Rowland FE, Drake DL, Burkhart JJ, Peterman WE. Direct effects influence larval salamander size and density more than indirect effects. Oecologia 2021; 195:173-86. [PMID: 33387008 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Direct and indirect effects both influence population and community dynamics. The relative strengths of these pathways are often compared using experimental approaches, but their evaluation in situ has been less frequent. We examined how individual and aggregate impacts of direct and indirect effects of species densities, proxies for competition and predation pressure, and habitat variables influenced patterns of larval density and body size of ringed (Ambystoma annulatum) and spotted salamanders (A. maculatum). We surveyed > 150 ponds in Missouri, USA, from 2012 to 2014 to measure the density and body size of each focal species, the density of co-occurring pond food web members, and select habitat features. We used structural equation modeling to quantify the relative importance of direct and indirect pathways on both body size and larval density. Overall, both responses were explained through a combination of direct and indirect effects. However, the magnitudes of direct effects were often greater than indirect effects. Some of the direct and indirect relationships with larval salamander size and density were also consistent with results from experimental studies. Finally, total direct and indirect effects were often weaker due to habitat and density variables negating each other's impacts. Overall, our study shows that direct effects were equivalent to, or more important than, indirect effects. We also demonstrate that the effects stemming from individual relationships can sum to produce net patterns that are negligible in magnitude. Further work on direct and indirect effects with observational data are needed to examine their magnitudes in natural communities.
Collapse
|
13
|
Shirokova LS, Payandi-Rolland D, Lim AG, Manasypov RM, Allen J, Rols JL, Bénézeth P, Karlsson J, Pokrovsky OS. Diel cycles of carbon, nutrient and metal in humic lakes of permafrost peatlands. Sci Total Environ 2020; 737:139671. [PMID: 32521361 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of surface waters of permafrost landscapes in carbon (C) emission and dissolved C and metal storage and export, the majority of available observations in high latitude aquatic systems deal with punctual or seasonal sampling without accounting for diurnal variations in temperature and primary productivity-respiration cycles. Towards providing comprehensive understanding of diel variations in CO2 emission, organic C and element concentrations in lakes of frozen peatlands, we monitored, each 2 h over 2 days, the water temperature, pH, CO2 fluxes, CO2, CH4, dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC, respectively), nutrients, carboxylic acids, bacterial number, and major and trace elements in two acidic (pH = 3.6 and 4.0) and humic (DOC = 15 and 35 mg L-1) thermokarst lakes of discontinuous permafrost zone in Western Siberia. We discovered a factor of 2 to 3 higher CO2 concentrations and fluxes during the night compared to daytime in the high-DOC lake. The emission fluxes in the low-DOC lake increased from zero to negative values during the day to highly positive values during the end of night and early morning. The methane concentration varied within a factor of 5 without any link to the diurnal cycle. The bulk of dissolved (< 0.45 μm) hydrochemical parameters remained highly stable with ±10% variation in concentration over 2 days of observation (DOC, DIC, SUVA254nm, carboxylates (formate, oxalate, puryvate and glutarate), Mn, Fe, Al, other trace elements). Concentrations of Si, P, K, Cu varied within ±20% whereas those of Zn and Ni ranged by a factor of 2 to 4 without any link to diurnal pattern. Overall, the impact of diel cycle on CH4, DOC, nutrient and metal concentration was below 10%. However, neglecting night-time period may underestimate net CO2 emission by ca. 30 to 50% in small organic-rich thaw ponds and switch the CO2 exchange from uptake/zero to net emission in larger thermokarst lakes. Given the dominance of large lakes in permafrost regions, the global underestimation of the emission flux may be quite high. As such, monitoring CO2 concentrations and fluxes in thermokarst lakes during months of extended night time (August to October) is mandatory for assessing the net emissions from lentic waters of frozen peatlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Shirokova
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, GET - CNRS - IRD - OMP - Université de Toulouse, 14, Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France; Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Russian Academy of Science, 23, Naberezhnaya Sev. Dviny, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - D Payandi-Rolland
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, GET - CNRS - IRD - OMP - Université de Toulouse, 14, Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - A G Lim
- BIO-GEO-CLIM Laboratory, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russia
| | - R M Manasypov
- BIO-GEO-CLIM Laboratory, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russia
| | - J Allen
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - J-L Rols
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - P Bénézeth
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, GET - CNRS - IRD - OMP - Université de Toulouse, 14, Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - J Karlsson
- Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - O S Pokrovsky
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, GET - CNRS - IRD - OMP - Université de Toulouse, 14, Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gaullier C, Dousset S, Baran N, Kitzinger G, Coureau C. Influence of hydrodynamics on the water pathway and spatial distribution of pesticide and metabolite concentrations in constructed wetlands. J Environ Manage 2020; 270:110690. [PMID: 32721282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are likely to reduce pesticide levels reaching surface water. However, the distribution of the water flow path between the main channel and isolated areas may influence global pesticide mitigation. Little information is known about the influence of water pathways on pesticide mitigation. Thus, we performed tracer experiments at low and high flow rates (0.5 L/s and 4-7 L/s) in a pond CW and ditch CW to determine the localization of various hydraulic zones and to understand their implication on pesticide mitigation. The hydraulic performance reflecting the fraction of water transported from inlet to outlet passing through the whole of CW, was greater for the pond CW than for the ditch CW regardless of the flow rate, and greater at mean flow rates (MF) than at low flow rates (LF) due to a lower proportion of isolated areas at a MF (11%-68%) than at LF (38%-89%). Dispersion governed the water transport inside the isolated areas and the water convection inside the main channel. Consequently, dissolved pesticide concentrations are heterogeneously distributed in the CWs, i.e., in the main channel and isolated area, for both flow rates. However, one month after a no-flow period, this heterogeneity disappears, and dissolved pesticide concentrations become similar in the water of the whole CW due to dispersion. Furthermore, sedimentation and storage in sediments were greater in the isolated area than in the main channel, which is possibly due to a lower speed flow rate and a higher hydraulic residence time (HRT) in the isolated area than in the main channel. Thus, isolated areas act as effective's zones to mitigate pesticides from dissolved and particulate phases inside the CW during a complete drainage season (i.e., succession of high/low/no-flow periods).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Gaullier
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine - CNRS, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; BRGM, 45060, Orléans CEDEX 02, France; LTSER France, Zone Atelier du Bassin de la Moselle, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sylvie Dousset
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine - CNRS, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; LTSER France, Zone Atelier du Bassin de la Moselle, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | | | - Géraldine Kitzinger
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine - CNRS, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Y, Zhang H, Zhu L, Chen H, Du G, Gao X, Pu Y. Evaluation of the long-term performance in a large-scale integrated surface flow constructed wetland- pond system: A case study. Bioresour Technol 2020; 309:123310. [PMID: 32325377 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Limited information is available in regards to the long-term treatment performance of large-scale integrated surface flow constructed wetland-pond (ISFWP) system improving drinking water source. This study aimed to investigate the treatment performance of a large-scale ISFWP system for the improvement of drinking water source. During five years of operation, the average effluent water quality in the ISFWP system could comply with Chinese Environmental Quality Standards for Drinking Water Source. The average removal efficiencies of permanganate index (CODMn), ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus, and fecal coliforms were 7.6%, 44.3%, 42.9%, 50.8%, and 88.6%, respectively. The treatment performance in the ISFWP system was stable during the operation time, while TN removal efficiency declined by 38.2% after five years of operation. Moreover, contaminants removal efficiencies were not subject to change of season, except for CODMn and TN. Consequently, efficient and sustainable contaminants removal in the large-scale ISFWP system still possessed challenges, especially for CODMn and TN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Haikuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Liqin Zhu
- College of Marxism, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Yancheng Water Conservancy Bureau of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Guanchao Du
- Yancheng Yanlong Lake Drinking Water Source Management Department, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Yancheng Yanlong Lake Drinking Water Source Management Department, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Yashuai Pu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li S, Liu H, Zhang L, Li X, Wang H, Zhuang Y, Zhang F, Zhai L, Fan X, Hu W, Pan J. Potential nutrient removal function of naturally existed ditches and ponds in paddy regions: Prospect of enhancing water quality by irrigation and drainage management. Sci Total Environ 2020; 718:137418. [PMID: 32105924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventionally, paddy fields are regarded as important non-point sources of nutrient pollution, while ecological ditches and ponds are developed to reduce or retain nutrient export from agricultural fields. To quantify the potential nutrient removal function of ditches and ponds that naturally existed in rice growing regions, a representative paddy irrigation and drainage unit (IDU) composed of fields, ditches and a pond in the one-season rice region of the middle Changjiang River basin, China was monitored for two years. With data and knowledge gained, a Water Quantity and Quality Model for Paddy IDUs (WQQM-PIDU) is developed and applied for 30 years simulation to produce a general view. The monitored and modelled results showed that nutrient concentration peaks after fertilization was delayed and lowered in ditches and ponds, compared to those in paddy fields. Concentrations of runoff from the IDU outlet were generally lower than from the field during the whole rice growing season except the transplanting period. If fully utilized as temporary reservoirs, ditches and ponds naturally existed in a typical paddy IDU would reduce 39% nitrogen loads from field edges with a range of 17%-93% and 28% phosphorus loads with a range of 12%-92%. Although typical paddy IDUs discharge fewer nutrient loads than the content input into them, the discharge concentrations may be risky to surface waters. For their nutrient removal function, natural ditches and ponds are recommended to be included into irrigation and drainage management with accurate water level management during drainage, which is a promising and cost-effective approach to enhance surface water quality in rice growing regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China.
| | - Xudong Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China
| | - Yanhua Zhuang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China
| | - Fulin Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Soil and Fertilizer Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, China
| | - Limei Zhai
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xianpeng Fan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Soil and Fertilizer Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, China
| | - Wanli Hu
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Junting Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Z, Iqbal M, Zeng Z, Lian Y, Zheng A, Zhao M, Li Z, Wang G, Li Z, Xie J. Comparative analysis of microbial community structure in the ponds with different aquaculture model and fish by high-throughput sequencing. Microb Pathog 2020; 142:104101. [PMID: 32109568 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The pond has a complex microbial ecosystem, including microorganisms in water and sediment, which plays an important role in the health of fish and water quality. The microbial community structure in the ponds can be easily affected by many factors. However, not much is known about the role of different aquaculture model and fish on the microbial community structure in ponds. The purpose of the study was to investigate the microbial diversity and composition of the ponds with different aquaculture model and fish by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 3835072 valid sequences were achieved from 60 samples. Additionally, 2064 and 1917 core OTUs were observed in water and sediment samples, respectively. Our results suggested that sediment samples have a higher abundance and diversity of microbial community than water samples. In all the samples, the four most dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Actinomycetes and Bacteroides. At the genus level, hgcI_clade and CL500-29_marine_group were the dominant bacteria shared by the water samples and sediment samples. In addition, more bacteria related to eutrophication were found in the group of BF, BC and HSB, which suggested that these ponds may have been eutrophicated. In conclusion, the present study revealed the differences in the structure and diversity of microbial communities in ponds with different aquaculture model and fish. Furthermore, changes in typical bacteria of the ponds contribute to detect water quality and prevent water eutrophication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246011, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zhibo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yuxi Lian
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246011, PR China
| | - Aifang Zheng
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246011, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246011, PR China
| | - Zixin Li
- College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246011, PR China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guedes-Alonso R, Montesdeoca-Esponda S, Herrera-Melián JA, Rodríguez-Rodríguez R, Ojeda-González Z, Landívar-Andrade V, Sosa-Ferrera Z, Santana-Rodríguez JJ. Pharmaceutical and personal care product residues in a macrophyte pond-constructed wetland treating wastewater from a university campus: Presence, removal and ecological risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 2020; 703:135596. [PMID: 31767305 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) constitute a group of chemicals of concern because of their potential toxicity when reaching aquatic environments. Wastewaters are one of the main pathways of introduction into the environment of the chemical compounds used in PPCPs because, in most cases, wastewater treatment facilities are not 100% efficient in their removal. This problem is accentuated in rural zones and isolated communities where conventional treatment systems are too expensive to build and operate. Waste-stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands (CWs) are natural wastewater treatment systems which are used to improve the quality of sewage from small communities because of their low cost and easy maintenance. There is growing interest in combining the two technologies to make a more robust system, taking into account their respective strengths and weaknesses. In this work, a combined macrophyte pond-CW system was evaluated for the presence at three sampling points (influent, pond effluent and CW effluent) of fifteen steroid hormones and six benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs). None of the targeted BUVS compounds were detected in either the influent or effluent, probably because of the particular characteristics of the population served by the wastewater system. In contrast, eight different steroid hormone compounds were detected at concentrations ranging from 17.3 to 247.7 ng·L-1 in influent samples and from 8.1 to 22.1 ng·L-1 in final effluent samples. The pond-CW system showed high elimination rates of steroid hormone residues with average removal efficiencies of over 77%. This efficacy was confirmed in the ecological risk assessment evaluation that was performed. Final effluents showed a low ecological risk associated with steroid hormones in contrast to the medium-high ecological risks found in the influent samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rayco Guedes-Alonso
- Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Sarah Montesdeoca-Esponda
- Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José A Herrera-Melián
- Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industriales y Civiles, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Zeneida Ojeda-González
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industriales y Civiles, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera
- Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José J Santana-Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zdanowicz M, Mudryk ZJ, Perliński P. Abundance and antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas isolated from the water of three carp ponds. Vet Res Commun 2020; 44:9-18. [PMID: 31965460 PMCID: PMC7040064 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-020-09768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abundance and antibiotic resistance of bacteria of the genus Aeromonas isolated from the water of three carp ponds were studied. The number of those bacteria differed between the studied ponds, sites and season. The results of the present study showed that planktonic Aeromonas inhabiting those ponds strongly differed in the resistance level to tested antibiotics. These microorganisms were the most resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, clindamycin and penicillin. However, all isolates Aeromonas were susceptible to gentamycin and streptomycin. Majority of bacterial strains were characterized by resistance to 4-6 of the 12 antibiotics tested. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics depended on their chemical structure. Aeromonas strains isolated from the studied ponds were the most resistant to β-lactam and lincosamides antibiotics, while the most susceptible to aminoglycosides, chloramphenicols and fluoroquinolones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zdanowicz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Science, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Jan Mudryk
- Department of Experimental Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Science, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Perliński
- Department of Experimental Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Science, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22b, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jha P, Banerjee S, Bhuyan P, Sudarshan M, Dewanji A. Elemental distribution in urban sediments of small waterbodies and its implications: a case study from Kolkata, India. Environ Geochem Health 2020; 42:461-482. [PMID: 31471689 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of elemental pollution in sediments of freshwater bodies are of particular concern in rapidly urbanizing cities of the developing world and have been extensively studied in rivers and lakes. The current study is an attempt to highlight the importance of smaller waterbodies, which happen to form a natural network in cities, for assessing the contamination status of sediments. The distribution of elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, S, Si, Ti, Ba, Mn, Sr, V, As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in sediments of 15 ponds and 6 canals was studied to understand the overall pollution status and the associated ecological risk to aquatic organisms. Geochemical indices revealed Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn to be the principal elements of concern. The mean concentration of Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn was 308, 174, 76.9 and 446 mg kg-1, respectively. Ecological risk assessment revealed that Cr in 86% sites, Ni in 52% sites, Cu and Zn in 28% sites and Pb in 10% sites were associated with possible ecological toxicity. The findings suggest that multielemental concentration in sediments of ponds and canals could effectively distinguish between pristine and polluted sites and suitably identify the main elements of concern to support cost-efficient waste management solutions customized to both the sites and elements of concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Jha
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata, 700108, India
| | - Shamayita Banerjee
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, LB-8, Sector III, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700098, India
| | - Prajamitra Bhuyan
- Applied Statistics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata, 700108, India
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, England, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, British Library, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB, England, UK
| | - Mathummal Sudarshan
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, LB-8, Sector III, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700098, India
| | - Anjana Dewanji
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata, 700108, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang W, Pueppke SG, Li H, Geng J, Diao Y, Hyndman DW. Modeling phosphorus sources and transport in a headwater catchment with rapid agricultural expansion. Environ Pollut 2019; 255:113273. [PMID: 31627173 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing riverine phosphorus (P) levels in headwaters due to expanded and intensified human activities are worldwide concerns, because P is a well-known limiting nutrient for freshwater eutrophication. Here we adopt the conceptual framework of the SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model to describe total phosphorus (TP) sources and transport in a headwater watershed undergoing rapid agricultural expansion in the upper Taihu Lake Basin, China. Our models, which include variables for land cover, river length, runoff depth, and pond density, explain 94% of the spatio-temporal variability in TP loads. Agricultural lands contribute the largest percentage (61%) of the TP loads delivered downstream, followed by forestland (21%) and urban land (18%). Future agricultural expansion to 15% of the total basin area is possible, which could lead to a 50% increase in TP loads. According to our analysis, an average of 24% of the total P export from the watershed landscape was intercepted in ponds. The exported amount was subsequently retained by tributaries and along the mainstem river, accounting for 14% and 43% of their inflowing loads, respectively. The remaining ∼6 tons yr-1 of TP was eventually transported into Tianmu Lake, in Southeastern China. The model identified several sub-catchments as hotspots of TP loss and thus logical sites for targeted management. Our study underscores the significance of agricultural expansion as a factor that can exacerbate headwater TP pollution, highlighting the importance of landscapes to buffer TP losses from sensitive hilly catchments. This also points to a need for an integrated management strategy that considers the spatial-varying P sources and associated transport of TP in precious headwater resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangshou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Steven G Pueppke
- Center for Global Change and Earth Observations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Asia Hub, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hengpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Jianwei Geng
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yaqin Diao
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - David W Hyndman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen Q, Guo B, Zhao C, Zhang J. A comprehensive ecological management approach for northern mountain rivers in China. Chemosphere 2019; 234:25-33. [PMID: 31202176 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mountain rivers not only play an important role in flood control, but also perform other functions such as conserving water sources, regulating microclimate, and maintaining water ecology and biodiversity. Because the conventional approach to managing mountain rivers overlooks the intrinsic requirements of river water, alters the natural landscape of river channels, and destroys habitats, it leads to water quality deterioration and ecological imbalance. The Yang River is characteristic of northern mountain rivers, and so the ecological management project for this river - at the site of the forthcoming Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games - was selected as an example of comprehensive ecological management. This comprises an ecological, permeable dam-pond-wetland system. Results showed that: (Zhu et al., 2006): river water quality improved substantially; improvements in the water quality indices exhibited the trend suspended solids (SS) > ammonium-nitrogen (NH3-N) > chemical oxygen demand (COD) (Mikus et al., 2019). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef species richness index, and Pielou evenness index all indicated increased phytoplankton by an average of 52.1%, 2.4%, and 98.9%, respectively. These three diversity indices showed increased zooplankton, by an average of 1.2%, 0.5%, and 3.3%, respectively. Water quality in the Yang River was found to have changed from moderate to light pollution (Kuemmerlen et al., 2019). Each subsystem increased removal of pollutants from the Yang River. Removal efficiencies of COD, total phosphorous (TP), total nitrogen (TN), NH3-N, and SS by the dam system were 28.57%, 28.3%, 20.5%, 24.0%, and 95%, respectively. Corresponding pollutant removal efficiencies by the pond system were 16.7%, 29.58%, 21.63%, 20.0%, and 99.8%, respectively. The wetland system achieved pollutant removal efficiencies of 44.0%, 17.1%, 6.7%, 13.9%, and 80.0%, respectively. This approach can mitigate flood control pressure, restore river ecology, and improve water quality in northern mountain rivers, and allow such rivers to achieve "retention-storage-restoration" effects. The ecological treatment approach provides an important theoretical foundation and technical reference for global mountain river management, and is especially applicable to mountain rivers in cold and arid regions in the northern hemisphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Chen
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China; Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Beibei Guo
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Segev O, Pezaro N, Rovelli V, Rybak O, Templeton AR, Blaustein L. Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptations to dissolved oxygen in larvae fire salamander (Salamandra infraimmaculata). Oecologia 2019; 190:737-46. [PMID: 31250185 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A key environmental factor that varies both spatially and temporally in surface waters is dissolved oxygen (DO). In stagnant ephemeral freshwater ponds, DO can fluctuate diurnally and seasonally, while the constant mixing of water in streams typically maintain DO levels close to saturation with only minor fluctuations. Larvae of the Near Eastern fire salamander (Salamandra infraimmaculata) develop in a range of waterbodies that vary in flow and permanence. To study inter-population variation in larval response to environmental change, we translocated larvae between stream and pond habitats and exposed larvae sampled from different habitat types to hypoxic and normoxic conditions in the laboratory. Larvae transferred from stream to pond retain gill size, while larvae transferred from pond to stream show a reduction in gill size. Larvae that were caged within their native habitat, either stream or pond, display a decrease in gill size similar to larvae transferred from pond to stream. When exposed to experimentally manipulated levels of DO in the laboratory larvae, respectively, increase and decrease gill size under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Habitat-type origin had a significant effect on the degree of change in gill size with larvae from permanent streams demonstrating the lowest absolute variation in gill size. There was no interaction between DO level (hypoxic/normoxic) and the larvae habitat-type origin. These results suggest that S. infraimmaculata larvae are locally adapted to their aquatic breeding habitat through the plastic ability to respond to the prevailing respiratory conditions by rapidly decreasing or increasing gill size.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Ambulatory aquatic veterinary medicine allows examination of a patient's environment and identification of potentially sick animals. Common clients to use ambulatory service are owners of large koi and aquaculture facilities, but any aquatic animal owner could benefit from on-site services. This practice limits stress from handling and transporting large or critically sick or injured aquatic animals. Additional skills must be practiced to attain proficiency in capturing potential patients. Most diagnostics are available to practitioners in an ambulatory setting and follow-up care must be thoroughly discussed with clients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Sanders
- Aquatic Veterinary Services, 440 Airport Boulevard, Watsonville, CA 95076, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fu B, Xu P, Wang Y, Yan K, Chaudhary S. Assessment of the ecosystem services provided by ponds in hilly areas. Sci Total Environ 2018; 642:979-987. [PMID: 29929149 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ponds are an important ecosystem in rural landscapes. They play an important role in water retention, aquatic products supply and biodiversity conservation. By using a questionnaire-based survey of rural households in a small watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, we analyzed the distribution of ponds, their size and current status. The Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model was used to evaluate the regulation, provision and culture services of the ponds. We found that pond density was high throughout hilly areas. About 20 ponds were within an area of 1 km2. They were mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts of the basin. The presence of such a large number of ponds was considered remarkable. Water retention was the primary ecosystem service. On average, each pond contained about 4500 mm depth of water, which was 10 times that of the surrounding forest. However, with the transformation of agriculture in mountainous areas, the irrigation and domestic water services provided by ponds have declined. In recent years, ponds have been used predominantly for fish farming and leisure services. Aquaculture and multi-function ponds accounted for 54.55% and 27.7% of the surveyed ponds, respectively. Multi-function ponds consumed more water, but fish farming ponds were the most economically valuable. Due to weak environmental management and the decreasing economic value of ponds, it is necessary to conduct ecological management of ponds in accordance with societal changes in mountainous areas and to promote the protection and use of ponds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Wanzhou Key Regional Ecology and Environment Monitoring Station of Three Gorges Project Ecological Environmental Monitoring System, Wanzhou Chongqing 404020, China.
| | - Pei Xu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Wanzhou Key Regional Ecology and Environment Monitoring Station of Three Gorges Project Ecological Environmental Monitoring System, Wanzhou Chongqing 404020, China
| | - Yukuan Wang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Wanzhou Key Regional Ecology and Environment Monitoring Station of Three Gorges Project Ecological Environmental Monitoring System, Wanzhou Chongqing 404020, China.
| | - Kun Yan
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Wanzhou Key Regional Ecology and Environment Monitoring Station of Three Gorges Project Ecological Environmental Monitoring System, Wanzhou Chongqing 404020, China
| | - Suresh Chaudhary
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Wanzhou Key Regional Ecology and Environment Monitoring Station of Three Gorges Project Ecological Environmental Monitoring System, Wanzhou Chongqing 404020, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ulrich U, Hörmann G, Unger M, Pfannerstill M, Steinmann F, Fohrer N. Lentic small water bodies: Variability of pesticide transport and transformation patterns. Sci Total Environ 2018; 618:26-38. [PMID: 29128775 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lentic small water bodies have a high ecological potential as they fulfill several ecosystem services such as the retention of water and pollutants. They serve as a hot spot of biodiversity. Due to their location in or adjacent to agricultural fields, they can be influenced by inputs of pesticides and their transformation products. Since small water bodies have rarely been part of monitorings/campaigns up to now, their current exposure and processes guiding the pesticide input are not understood, yet. This study presents results of a sampling campaign of 10 lentic small water bodies from 2015 to 2016. They were sampled once after the spring application for a pesticide target screening, before autumn application and three times after rainfall events following the application. The autumn sampling focused on the herbicides metazachlor, flufenacet and their transformation products - oxalic acid and - sulfonic acid as representatives for common pesticides in the study region. The concentrations were associated with rainfall before and after application, characteristics of the site and the water bodies, physicochemical parameters and the applied amount of pesticides. The key results of the pesticide screening in spring indicate positive detections of pesticides which have not been applied for years to the single fields. The autumn sampling showed frequent occurrences of the transformation products, which are formed in soil, from 39% to 94% of all samples (n=71). Discharge patterns were observed for metazachlor with highest concentrations in the first sample after application and then decreasing, but not for flufenacet. The concentrations of the transformation products increased over time and revealed highest values mainly in the last sample. Besides rainfall patterns right after application, the spatial and temporal dissemination of the pesticides to the water bodies seems to play a major role to understand the exposure of lentic small water bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Ulrich
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Georg Hörmann
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Malte Unger
- Gesellschaft für Freilandökologie und Naturschutzplanung, Stuthagen 25, 24113 Molfsee, Germany.
| | - Matthias Pfannerstill
- State Agency for Agriculture, the Environment and Rural Areas Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburger Chaussee 25, 24220 Flintbek, Germany.
| | - Frank Steinmann
- State Agency for Agriculture, the Environment and Rural Areas Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburger Chaussee 25, 24220 Flintbek, Germany.
| | - Nicola Fohrer
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dodemaide DT, Matthews TG, Iervasi D, Lester RE. Anthropogenic water bodies as drought refuge for aquatic macroinvertebrates and macrophytes. Sci Total Environ 2018; 616-617:543-553. [PMID: 29128841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ecological research associated with the importance of refuges has tended to focus on natural rather than anthropogenic water bodies. The frequency of disturbances, including drought events, is predicted to increase in many regions worldwide due to human-induced climate change. More frequent disturbance will affect freshwater ecosystems by altering hydrologic regimes, water chemistry, available habitat and assemblage structure. Under this scenario, many aquatic biota are likely to rely on permanent water bodies as refuge, including anthropogenic water bodies. Here, macroinvertebrate and macrophyte assemblages from waste-water treatment and raw-water storages (i.e. untreated potable water) were compared with nearby natural water bodies during autumn and winter 2013. We expected macroinvertebrate and macrophyte assemblages in raw-water storages to be representative of natural water bodies, while waste-water treatment storages would not, due to degraded water quality. However, water quality in natural water bodies differed from raw-water storages but was similar to waste-water treatment storages. Macroinvertebrate patterns matched those of water quality, with no differences occurring between natural water bodies and waste-water treatment storages, but assemblages in raw-water storages differed from the other two water bodies. Unexpectedly, differences associated with raw-water storages were attributable to low abundances of several taxa. Macrophyte assemblages in raw-water storages were representative of natural water bodies, but were less diverse and abundant in, or absent from, waste-water treatment storages. No clear correlations existed between any habitat variables and macroinvertebrate assemblages but a significant correlation between macrophyte assemblages and habitat characteristics existed. Thus, there were similarities in both water quality and macroinvertebrate assemblages between natural water bodies and waste-water treatment storages, and similarities in macrophyte assemblages between raw-water storages and natural water bodies. These similarities illustrate that anthropogenic water storages support representative populations of some aquatic biota across the landscape, and thus, may provide important refuge following disturbance where dispersal capabilities allow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David T Dodemaide
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool 3280, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Ty G Matthews
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool 3280, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dion Iervasi
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool 3280, Victoria, Australia; Austral Research and Consulting, Kirkstall 3283, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca E Lester
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool 3280, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wakiyama Y, Konoplev A, Wada T, Takase T, Byrnes I, Carradine M, Nanba K. Behavior of 137Cs in ponds in the vicinity of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant. J Environ Radioact 2017; 178-179:367-376. [PMID: 28797551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
137Cs activity concentration in the water of four ponds, Suzuuchi (SU), Funasawa (FS), Inkyozaka (IZ), and Kashiramori (KM), that are within 10 km of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant were observed from April 2015 to August 2016. 137Cs inventories in soils surrounding SU, FS, IZ, and KM were 6.4, 2.9, 2.1, and 0.9 MBq m-2, respectively. 137Cs inventories in the bottom sediments of SU, FS, IZ, and KM were 13, 8.9, 1.6, and 1.1 MBq m-2, respectively. Higher 137Cs inventories in bottom sediment than those of soil in SU and FS suggest that 137Cs was delivered to and accumulated in these ponds. Mean total 137Cs activity concentrations in SU, FS, IZ, and KM were 41, 13, 9.5, and 1.4 Bq L-1, respectively. Particulate 137Cs concentration accounted for 71-90% of total 137Cs in the water samples, on average. The mean distribution coefficient, Kd, in SU, FS, IZ, and KM was 1.3 × 105, 2.1 × 105, 1.7 × 105, and 6.2 × 105 L kg-1, respectively. These Kd values were higher than the Kd values observed in the Chernobyl area by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Although no significant decreasing trends were found, dissolved 137Cs activity concentration tended to be low during winter in all four ponds. Dissolved 137Cs activity concentrations were proportional to K+ and DOC concentrations in all the ponds. The results from principal component analysis performed for 137Cs activity concentration and water chemistry data sets suggested that there were different mechanisms behind variability of dissolved 137Cs activity concentrations for each pond. Continuous monitoring is required to reveal temporal trends in 137Cs activity concentrations of these waters and controlling factors of such in closed water systems in Fukushima.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Wakiyama
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan.
| | - Alexei Konoplev
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Wada
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
| | - Tsugiko Takase
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
| | - Ian Byrnes
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Matthew Carradine
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Kenji Nanba
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rees HC, Baker CA, Gardner DS, Maddison BC, Gough KC. The detection of great crested newts year round via environmental DNA analysis. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:327. [PMID: 28747216 PMCID: PMC5530555 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) is a method that has been used for the detection of various species within water bodies. The great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) has a short eDNA survey season (mid-April to June). Here we investigate whether this season could be extended into other months using the current methodology as stipulated by Natural England. Results Here we present data to show that in monthly water samples taken from two ponds (March 2014–February 2015) we were able to detect great crested newt DNA in all months in at least one of the ponds. Similar levels of great crested newt eDNA (i.e. highly positive identification) were detected through the months of March–August, suggesting it may be possible to extend the current survey window. In order to determine how applicable these observations are for ponds throughout the rest of the UK, further work in multiple other ponds over multiple seasons is suggested. Nevertheless, the current work clearly demonstrates, in two ponds, the efficacy and reproducibility of eDNA detection for determining the presence of great crested newts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2657-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Rees
- ADAS, SVMS, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Claire A Baker
- ADAS, SVMS, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - David S Gardner
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Ben C Maddison
- ADAS, SVMS, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Kevin C Gough
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
McGoff E, Dunn F, Cachazo LM, Williams P, Biggs J, Nicolet P, Ewald NC. Finding clean water habitats in urban landscapes: professional researcher vs citizen science approaches. Sci Total Environ 2017; 581-582:105-116. [PMID: 28069307 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated patterns of nutrient pollution in waterbody types across Greater London. Nitrate and phosphate data were collected by both citizen scientists and professional ecologists and their results were compared. The professional survey comprised 495 randomly selected pond, lake, river, stream and ditch sites. Citizen science survey sites were self-selected and comprised 76 ponds, lakes, rivers and streams. At each site, nutrient concentrations were assessed using field chemistry kits to measure nitrate-N and phosphate-P. The professional and the citizen science datasets both showed that standing waterbodies had significantly lower average nutrient concentrations than running waters. In the professional datasets 46% of ponds and lakes had nutrient levels below the threshold at which biological impairment is likely, whereas only 3% of running waters were unimpaired by nutrients. The citizen science dataset showed the same broad pattern, but there was a trend towards selection of higher quality waterbodies with 77% standing waters and 14% of rivers and streams unimpaired. Waterbody nutrient levels in the professional dataset were broadly correlated with landuse intensity. Rivers and streams had a significantly higher proportion of urban and suburban land cover than other waterbody types. Ponds had higher percentage of semi-natural vegetation within their much smaller catchments. Relationships with land cover and water quality were less apparent in the citizen-collected dataset probably because the areas visited by citizens were less representative of the landscape as whole. The results suggest that standing waterbodies, especially ponds, may represent an important clean water resource within urban areas. Small waterbodies, including ponds, small lakes<50ha and ditches, are rarely part of the statutory water quality monitoring programmes and are frequently overlooked. Citizen scientist data have the potential to partly fill this gap if they are co-ordinated to reduce bias in the type and location of the waterbodies selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine McGoff
- Freshwater Habitats Trust, Bury Knowle House, North Place, Headington, Oxford OX3 9HY, UK
| | - Francesca Dunn
- Freshwater Habitats Trust, Bury Knowle House, North Place, Headington, Oxford OX3 9HY, UK
| | - Luis Moliner Cachazo
- Freshwater Habitats Trust, Bury Knowle House, North Place, Headington, Oxford OX3 9HY, UK
| | - Penny Williams
- Freshwater Habitats Trust, Bury Knowle House, North Place, Headington, Oxford OX3 9HY, UK.
| | - Jeremy Biggs
- Freshwater Habitats Trust, Bury Knowle House, North Place, Headington, Oxford OX3 9HY, UK
| | - Pascale Nicolet
- Freshwater Habitats Trust, Bury Knowle House, North Place, Headington, Oxford OX3 9HY, UK
| | - Naomi C Ewald
- Freshwater Habitats Trust, Bury Knowle House, North Place, Headington, Oxford OX3 9HY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Di Guardo A, Morselli M, Morabito G, Semplice M, Van den Brink PJ, De Laender F. European environmental scenarios of chemical bioavailability in freshwater systems. Sci Total Environ 2017; 580:1237-1246. [PMID: 27998653 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In exposure prediction for environmental risk assessment, the transition to more dynamic and realistic modelling approaches and scenarios has been recently identified as a major challenge, since it would allow a more accurate prediction of bioavailable concentrations and their variations in space and time. In this work, an improved version of the multimedia model ChimERA fate, including a phytoplankton compartment and equations to calculate phytoplankton, detritus and dissolved organic matter variations in time, was developed. The model was parameterized to simulate five dynamic scenarios for shallow meso-eutrophic water bodies based on a latitudinal gradient (in Europe); such scenarios include seasonal profiles of water temperature, phytoplankton biomass, detritus, and dissolved organic matter. Model runs were performed for each scenario for 8 hydrophobic chemicals (PCB congeners), with the aim of investigating the influence of scenario characteristics and compound properties on bioavailable concentrations. The key processes were adsorption/uptake by phytoplankton and deposition to sediment of detritus-bound chemicals. The northern scenarios ("Scandinavia" and "UK") showed the highest bioavailable concentrations, with annual maximum/minimum concentration up to 25; in contrast, for example, maximum concentrations in the "Mediterranean" scenario were lower by a factor of 2 to 9 with respect to the northern ones (depending on chemical hydrophobicity), due to the generally higher biomass and carbon levels, and showed only limited seasonal variability (up to a factor of 4). These results highlight the importance of including biomass and organic carbon dynamics in both modelling approaches and scenarios for the evaluation of exposure concentrations in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Guardo
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, CO, Italy.
| | - Melissa Morselli
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, CO, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Morabito
- National Research Council, Institute for Ecosystem Study, Largo Tonolli 50, 28922 Verbania-Pallanza, Italy
| | - Matteo Semplice
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via C. Alberto 10, 10123 Torino, TO, Italy
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik De Laender
- University of Namur, Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Ecology, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Techer D, Milla S, Banas D. Sublethal effect assessment of a low-power and dual-frequency anti-cyanobacterial ultrasound device on the common carp (Cyprinus carpio): a field study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:5669-5678. [PMID: 28039630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of ultrasonication for cyanobacterial control in freshwater bodies has become increasingly popular during the last decades despite controversial efficiency on large scale application. Apart from that, little information is currently available regarding ultrasound toxicity potential towards non-target species. This work was designed to address this issue in the common carp using a low-power (7-9 W output) and dual-frequency (23 and 46 kHz) anti-cyanobacterial ultrasound device. Results showed that carps were unaffected by ultrasound exposure when exposed in floating cages in fish ponds over a 30-day period. The experiment duration was the main factor influencing all measured biological parameters in exposed and non-exposed organisms. Indeed, it was positively associated with an increase in fish condition factor. Cortisol level also tended to slightly increase over the number of days of experiment but its variation did not enable to sort out any ultrasound exposure-related stress. Moreover, an overall diminution along the experimental period of the expression level of a set of biomarkers could be reported, encompassing cellular antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxydase (GPx), catalase and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Subtle changes in these biomarkers were dependent of the type of enzyme activity and especially of the origin of fish (i.e., sampled pond) regardless of the presence of ultrasound equipment, reflecting thereby fish adaptation to local environmental conditions in each pond. In conclusion, this study does not provide indication that ultrasonication in the aforementioned conditions affects the welfare and physiological homeostasis of carps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didier Techer
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologies de Nancy, URAFPA, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, Cedex, France.
| | - Sylvain Milla
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologies de Nancy, URAFPA, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, Cedex, France
| | - Damien Banas
- Faculté des Sciences et Technologies de Nancy, URAFPA, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, 54506, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Brown LE, Ramchunder SJ, Beadle JM, Holden J. Macroinvertebrate community assembly in pools created during peatland restoration. Sci Total Environ 2016; 569-570:361-372. [PMID: 27348701 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Many degraded ecosystems are subject to restoration attempts, providing new opportunities to unravel the processes of ecological community assembly. Restoration of previously drained northern peatlands, primarily to promote peat and carbon accumulation, has created hundreds of thousands of new open water pools. We assessed the potential benefits of this wetland restoration for aquatic biodiversity, and how communities reassemble, by comparing pool ecosystems in regions of the UK Pennines on intact (never drained) versus restored (blocked drainage-ditches) peatland. We also evaluated the conceptual idea that comparing reference ecosystems in terms of their compositional similarity to null assemblages (and thus the relative importance of stochastic versus deterministic assembly) can guide evaluations of restoration success better than analyses of community composition or diversity. Community composition data highlighted some differences in the macroinvertebrate composition of restored pools compared to undisturbed peatland pools, which could be used to suggest that alternative end-points to restoration were influenced by stochastic processes. However, widely used diversity metrics indicated no differences between undisturbed and restored pools. Novel evaluations of restoration using null models confirmed the similarity of deterministic assembly processes from the national species pool across all pools. Stochastic elements were important drivers of between-pool differences at the regional-scale but the scale of these effects was also similar across most of the pools studied. The amalgamation of assembly theory into ecosystem restoration monitoring allows us to conclude with more certainty that restoration has been successful from an ecological perspective in these systems. Evaluation of these UK findings compared to those from peatlands across Europe and North America further suggests that restoring peatland pools delivers significant benefits for aquatic fauna by providing extensive new habitat that is largely equivalent to natural pools. More generally, we suggest that assembly theory could provide new benchmarks for planning and evaluating ecological restoration success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee E Brown
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | | | - Jeannie M Beadle
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Joseph Holden
- water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Santos JF, Soares KLS, Assis CRD, Guerra CAM, Lemos D, Carvalho LB, Bezerra RS. Digestive enzyme activity in the intestine of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) under pond and cage farming systems. Fish Physiol Biochem 2016; 42:1259-1274. [PMID: 27021899 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of different farming systems (cage, pond) upon digestive enzyme activities of Nile tilapia was evaluated. Juvenile Nile tilapia (87.61 ± 1.52 g) were simultaneously cultured in pond and cage systems during 90 days. Cages used nutritional biphasic plan (35 and 32 % crude protein-CP feeds) and ponds used nutritional triphasic plan (35, 32 and 28 % CP feeds). Biometric measurements were monthly performed for adjustments in feeding regimes and removal of intestine tissues to evaluate the performance of enzyme activities. Total proteolytic, amylase and lipase activities were not statistically different between the treatments throughout the periods analyzed (31, 63 and 94 days of culture). However, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were higher with 31 and 63 days of culture in fish from pond system, suggesting that natural food may have influenced these activities. A positive correlation was observed between the recommended concentration of essential amino acids for Nile tilapia and specific aminopeptidases activity in fish cage system. Substrate-SDS-PAGE revealed 12 active proteolytic bands in both systems. However, integrated density (ID) values were higher in the bands of ponds. Specimens of either cage or pond exhibited five bands of amylolytic activity. Fish from cage and pond systems showed the highest values of ID within 31 days of cultivation. In this study, the complexity of digestive functions could be verified for animals maintained under commercial conditions. Some of the assessed enzymes may show adaptations of their activities and/or expression that allow the fish to achieve a more efficient nutrient assimilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ferreira Santos
- Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Av. Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, S/N - José Tomé de Souza Ramos, Serra Talhada, PE, CEP 56909-535, Brazil
| | - Karollina Lopes Siqueira Soares
- Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigo Dias Assis
- Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Lemos
- Laboratório de Aquicultura (LAM), Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Bezerra Carvalho
- Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Ranilson Souza Bezerra
- Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Huang J, Gao J, Yan R. How can we reduce phosphorus export from lowland polders? Implications from a sensitivity analysis of a coupled model. Sci Total Environ 2016; 562:946-952. [PMID: 27148646 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) export from lowland polders has caused severe water pollution. Numerical models are an important resource that help water managers control P export. This study coupled three models, i.e., Phosphorus Dynamic model for Polders (PDP), Integrated Catchments model of Phosphorus dynamics (INCA-P) and Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), to describe the P dynamics in polders. Based on the coupled models and a dataset collected from Polder Jian in China, sensitivity analysis were carried out to analyze the cause-effect relationships between environmental factors and P export from Polder Jian. The sensitivity analysis results showed that P export from Polder Jian were strongly affected by air temperature, precipitation and fertilization. Proper fertilization management should be a strategic priority for reducing P export from Polder Jian. This study demonstrated the success of model coupling, and its application in investigating potential strategies to support pollution control in polder systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Renhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Rhinosporidiosis is a fungal disease caused by the organism Rhinosporidum seeberi. The life cycle and mode of infection are vague, and there are many hypothesis on it. Its prevalence in the world is unique as it is only limited to certain regions like India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. We have tried to correlate the various factors, which will probably be associated with this pattern of prevalence of the disease. We have included factors like community practices, climatic conditions, rain fall pattern, water physiochemical properties, zoonotic and the aquatic organism composition in the specified regions. Thus, it serves as a wholesome idea of why the disease must only be prevalent in certain parts of the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Prakash
- Department of ENT, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Carlton Johnny
- Department of ENT, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lindholm M. Morphologically Conservative but Physiologically Diverse: The Mode of Stasis in Anostraca (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Evol Biol 2014; 41:503-507. [PMID: 25152547 PMCID: PMC4129224 DOI: 10.1007/s11692-014-9283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The essay discusses whether biotic and abiotic environments differ in their ability to speed up or slow down morphological change and the generation of new lineages. Examples from the class Branchiopoda show that morphological conservatism is associated with enemy free space in species-poor habitats dominated by abiotic factors, while Red Queen mechanisms are predominant in larger systems with complex biotic interactions. Splitting of Branchiopod main lineages is associated with increased fish predation during the Devonian. The order Cladocera adapted and remained in larger aquatic systems, and subsequently generated a variety of new families, genera and species. The order Anostraca, on the other hand, maintained its ancestral morphology and survived only as "living fossils" in isolated ponds of harsh habitats. Despite their archaic morphology, however, they possess highly sophisticated adaptations to local physicochemical properties of their extreme environment. Hence, although morphologically conservative and possessing traits typical for "living fossils", anostracan physiological abilities are closely adapted to the challenging and variable physicochemical conditions of ponds and ephemeral pools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lindholm
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research/NIVA, Gaustadalleen 23, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Simple metapopulation models assume that local populations occur in patches of uniform quality habitat separated by non-habitat. However field metapopulations tend to show considerable spatial and temporal variation in patch quality, and hence probability of occupancy. This may have implications for the adequacy of simple metapopulation models in describing and predicting regional population dynamics of natural systems. This study investigated the effects of habitat characteristics on landscape-scale occupancy dynamics of two species of backswimmer (Notonecta, Hemiptera: Notonectidae) in small freshwater ponds. The results demonstrated clear links between habitat, pond occupancy and population turnover, particularly local extinction. There were considerable changes in the habitat of individual ponds between years, but local changes were not spatially correlated and the frequency distribution of habitat conditions at the landscape level remained similar in different years. Stable occupancy levels of Notonecta species appears to result from a balance of the rates of creation and loss of suitable habitat due to spatially uncorrelated habitat change. Systems such as this, where turnover is driven by habitat dynamics, demonstrate the potential value of incorporating the dynamics of habitat change into metapopulation models. Such developments are likely to improve predictions of landscape-scale occupancy dynamics, whilst also allowing patch-level predictions of occupancy, based on local habitat conditions.
Collapse
|