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Zhang M, Xu X, Chen Y, Wei C, Zhan S, Cao J, Guo J, Dai D, Wang L, Zhong T, Zhang H, Li L. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Molecular Regulatory Networks for Pigmentation Deposition in Sheep. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8248. [PMID: 39125816 PMCID: PMC11311981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Domestic animals have multiple phenotypes of skin and coat color, which arise from different genes and their products, such as proteins and metabolites responsible with melanin deposition. However, the complex regulatory network of melanin synthesis remains to be fully unraveled. Here, the skin and tongue tissues of Liangshan black sheep (black group) and Liangshan semi-fine-wool sheep (pink group) were collected, stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson-Fontana, and the transcriptomic and metabolomic data were further analyzed. We found a large deposit of melanin granules in the epidermis of the black skin and tongue. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis identified 744 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 443 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) between the pink and black groups. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed the DEGs and DEMs were mainly enriched in the pathways of secondary metabolic processes, melanin biosynthesis processes, melanin metabolism processes, melanosome membranes, pigment granule membranes, melanosome, tyrosine metabolism, and melanogenesis. Notably, we revealed the gene ENSARG00020006042 may be a family member of YWHAs and involved in regulating melanin deposition. Furthermore, several essential genes (TYR, TYRP1, DCT, PMEL, MLANA, SLC45A2) were significantly associated with metabolite prostaglandins and compounds involved in sheep pigmentation. These findings provide new evidence of the strong correlation between prostaglandins and related compounds and key genes that regulate sheep melanin synthesis, furthering our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and molecular breeding of pigmentation in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongping Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Gao H, Gao Z, Liu X, Sun X, Hu Z, Song Z, Zhang C, Fei J, Wang X. miR-101-3p-mediated role of PDZK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma progression and the underlying PI3K/Akt signaling mechanism. Cell Div 2024; 19:9. [PMID: 38532426 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular targets and associated mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been widely studied, but the roles of PDZK1 in HCC are unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the role and associated mechanisms of PDZK1 in HCC. RESULTS It was found that the expression of PDZK1 in HCC tissues was higher than that in paired paracancerous tissues. High expression of PDZK1 was associated with lymph node metastasis, degree of differentiation, and clinical stage. Upregulation of PDZK1 in HCC cells affected their proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle, and also induced PI3K/AKT activation. PDZK1 is a downstream target gene of miR-101-3p. Accordingly, increase in the expression of miR-101-3p reversed the promotive effect of PDZK1 in HCC. Moreover, PDZK1 was found to accelerate cell proliferation and promote the malignant progression of HCC via the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that the miR-101-3p/PDZK1 axis plays a role in HCC progression and could be beneficial as a novel biomarker and new therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The No.1 People's Hospital of Pinghu City, Pinghu, 314201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaofeng Gao
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 397, Huangcheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobei Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The No.1 People's Hospital of Pinghu City, Pinghu, 314201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Sun
- School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, 313003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhonghui Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The No.1 People's Hospital of Pinghu City, Pinghu, 314201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengwei Song
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 397, Huangcheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianguo Fei
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 397, Huangcheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 397, Huangcheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China.
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Twumasi G, Wang H, Xi Y, Qi J, Li L, Bai L, Liu H. Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal Candidate Genes Associated with Pigmentation Patterns of Single Feathers of Tianfu Nonghua Ducks. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:85. [PMID: 38200816 PMCID: PMC10778472 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In modern advanced genetics and breeding programs, the study of genes related to pigmentation in ducks is gaining much attention and popularity. Genes and DNA mutation cause variations in the plumage color traits of ducks. Therefore, discovering related genes responsible for different color traits and pigment patterns on each side of the single feathers in Chinese ducks is important for genetic studies. In this study, we collected feather images from 340 ducks and transported them into Image Pro Plus (IPP) 6.0 software to quantify the melanin content in the feathers. Thereafter, a genome-wide association study was conducted to reveal the genes responsible for variations in the feather color trait. The results from this study revealed that the pigmented region was larger in the male ducks as compared to the female ducks. In addition, the pigmented region was larger on the right side of the feather vane than on the left side in both dorsal and ventral feathers, and a positive correlation was observed among the feather color traits. Further, among the annotated genes, WNT3A, DOCK1, RAB1A, and ALDH1A3 were identified to play important roles in the variation in pigmented regions of the various feathers. This study also revealed that five candidate genes, including DPP8, HACD3, INTS14, SLC24A1, and DENND4A, were associated with the color pigment on the dorsal feathers of the ducks. Genes such as PRKG1, SETD6, RALYL, and ZNF704 reportedly play important roles in ventral feather color traits. This study revealed that genes such as WNT3A, DOCK1, RAB1A, and ALDH1A3 were associated with different pigmentation patterns, thereby providing new insights into the genetic mechanisms of single-feather pigmentation patterns in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Twumasi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (J.Q.); (L.L.); (L.B.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huazhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (J.Q.); (L.L.); (L.B.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (J.Q.); (L.L.); (L.B.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jingjing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (J.Q.); (L.L.); (L.B.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (J.Q.); (L.L.); (L.B.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lili Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (J.Q.); (L.L.); (L.B.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hehe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (J.Q.); (L.L.); (L.B.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Liu W, Chen Q, Xia Y. New Mechanistic Insights of Melasma. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:429-442. [PMID: 36817641 PMCID: PMC9936885 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s396272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Melasma is a common acquired disorder of pigmentation that negatively impacts quality of life. Present treatments show poor therapeutic effect with frequent recurrence. This in large part is due to the currently limited understanding of the disease's etiology. It is urgent to elucidate the pathogenesis of melasma to further the discovery of new therapeutic strategies. Recent studies show that melasma is triggered or aggravated by a variety of factors, including genetic susceptibility, ultraviolet radiation, and sex hormone dysregulation. Ultraviolet B radiation upregulates the expression of several melanocyte-specific genes and stimulates the release of key factors that participate in the synthesis of melanin. There is a significant increase in melanin in both the epidermal and dermal layers of affected skin, possibly due to abnormalities in crosstalk between the melanocytes and other cells. Melanogenesis is regulated through various signaling networks including the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, cAMP/PKA, and SCF/c-kit-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, neuroactive molecules, sebocytes, etc, have also been proved to be related to the pathogenesis of melasma. This review provides a comprehensive update on the current understanding of the pathogenesis of melasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yumin Xia, Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 29 87679969, Fax +86 29 87678425, Email
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5
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Abstract
Melasma is a multifactorial dyschromia that results from exposure to external factors (such as solar radiation) and hormonal factors (such as sex hormones and pregnancy), as well as skin inflammation (such as contact dermatitis and esthetic procedures), in genetically predisposed individuals. Beyond hyperfunctional melanocytes, skin with melasma exhibits a series of structural and functional alterations in the epidermis, basement membrane, and upper dermis that interact to elicit and sustain a focal hypermelanogenic phenotype. Evolution in the knowledge of the genetic basis of melasma and the cutaneous response to solar radiation, as well as the roles of endocrine factors, antioxidant system, endothelium proliferation, fibroblast senescence, mast cell degranulation, autophagy deficits of the melanocyte, and the paracrine regulation of melanogenesis, will lead to the development of new treatments and preventive strategies. This review presents current knowledge on these aspects of the pathogenesis of melasma and discusses the effects of specific treatments and future research on these issues.
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Atkinson M, Johnson O, Wilson N, Walshaw M, FitzMaurice TS. Eruptive melanocytic naevi following initiation of elexacaftor/ivacaftor/tezacaftor for cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2022; 21:1070-1073. [PMID: 35752560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 29 year old woman with cystic fibrosis (CF) presented to CF clinic following the sudden development of over 200 pigmented naevi located predominately on the trunk and limbs 3 months after commencing elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor, a novel triple-therapy CFTR modulator therapy for CF. Skin biopsy confirmed benign naevi and the clinical presentation was consistent with eruptive melanocytic naevi. Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor received marketing authorisation in August 2020 and this is the first report of associated naevi. The individual described here remains clinically well, and continues on elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor with dermatology follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Atkinson
- Adult CF Unit, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK.
| | - Oliver Johnson
- Department of Dermatology, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3LB, UK
| | - Niall Wilson
- Department of Dermatology, Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3LB, UK
| | - Martin Walshaw
- Adult CF Unit, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK; Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thomas Simon FitzMaurice
- Adult CF Unit, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK; Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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7
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Xu J, Barone S, Varasteh Kia M, Holliday LS, Zahedi K, Soleimani M. Identification of IQGAP1 as a SLC26A4 (Pendrin)-Binding Protein in the Kidney. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:874186. [PMID: 35601831 PMCID: PMC9117723 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.874186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several members of the SLC26A family of transporters, including SLC26A3 (DRA), SLC26A5 (prestin), SLC26A6 (PAT-1; CFEX) and SLC26A9, form multi-protein complexes with a number of molecules (e.g., cytoskeletal proteins, anchoring or adaptor proteins, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, and protein kinases). These interactions provide regulatory signals for these molecules. However, the identity of proteins that interact with the Cl-/HCO3 - exchanger, SLC26A4 (pendrin), have yet to be determined. The purpose of this study is to identify the protein(s) that interact with pendrin. Methods: A yeast two hybrid (Y2H) system was employed to screen a mouse kidney cDNA library using the C-terminal fragment of SLC26A4 as bait. Immunofluorescence microscopic examination of kidney sections, as well as co-immunoprecipitation assays, were performed using affinity purified antibodies and kidney protein extracts to confirm the co-localization and interaction of pendrin and the identified binding partners. Co-expression studies were carried out in cultured cells to examine the effect of binding partners on pendrin trafficking and activity. Results: The Y2H studies identified IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) as a protein that binds to SLC26A4's C-terminus. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments using affinity purified anti-IQGAP1 antibodies followed by western blot analysis of kidney protein eluates using pendrin-specific antibodies confirmed the interaction of pendrin and IQGAP1. Immunofluorescence microscopy studies demonstrated that IQGAP1 co-localizes with pendrin on the apical membrane of B-intercalated cells, whereas it shows basolateral expression in A-intercalated cells in the cortical collecting duct (CCD). Functional and confocal studies in HEK-293 cells, as well as confocal studies in MDCK cells, demonstrated that the co-transfection of pendrin and IQGAP1 shows strong co-localization of the two molecules on the plasma membrane along with enhanced Cl-/HCO3 - exchanger activity. Conclusion: IQGAP1 was identified as a protein that binds to the C-terminus of pendrin in B-intercalated cells. IQGAP1 co-localized with pendrin on the apical membrane of B-intercalated cells. Co-expression of IQGAP1 with pendrin resulted in strong co-localization of the two molecules and increased the activity of pendrin in the plasma membrane in cultured cells. We propose that pendrin's interaction with IQGAP1 may play a critical role in the regulation of CCD function and physiology, and that disruption of this interaction could contribute to altered pendrin trafficking and/or activity in pathophysiologic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Research Services, VA Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Sharon Barone
- Research Services, VA Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States,Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Mujan Varasteh Kia
- Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - L. Shannon Holliday
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Kamyar Zahedi
- Research Services, VA Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States,Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Research Services, VA Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States,Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States,*Correspondence: Manoocher Soleimani,
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8
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Liu H, Wang J, Hu J, Wang L, Guo Z, Fan W, Xu Y, Liu D, Zhang Y, Xie M, Tang J, Huang W, Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Hou S. Genome-wide association analysis reveal the genetic reasons affect melanin spot accumulation in beak skin of ducks. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:236. [PMID: 35346029 PMCID: PMC8962612 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Skin pigmentation is a broadly appearing phenomenon of most animals and humans in nature. Here we used a bird model to investigate why melanin spot deposits on the skin.
Results
Our result showed that growth age and the sunlight might induce melanin deposition in bird beak skin which was determined by genetic factors. GWAS helped us to identify two major loci affecting melanin deposition, located on chromosomes 13 and 25, respectively. The fine mapping works narrowed the candidate regions to 0.98 Mb and 1.0 Mb on chromosomes 13 and 25. The MITF and POU2F3 may be the causative genes and synergistically affect melanin deposition during duck beak skin. Furthermore, our data strongly demonstrated that the pathway of melanin metabolism contributes to melanin deposition on the skin.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that age and sunlight induce melanin deposition in bird beak skin, while heredity is fundamental. The MITF and POU2F3 likely played a synergistic effect on the regulation of melanin synthesis, and their mutations contribute to phenotypic differences in beak melanin deposition among individuals. It is pointed out that melanin deposition in the skin is related to the pathway of melanin metabolism, which provided insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms and the genetic improvement of the melanin deposition in duck beak.
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Dou T, Yan S, Liu L, Wang K, Jian Z, Xu Z, Zhao J, Wang Q, Sun S, Talpur MZ, Duan X, Gu D, He Y, Du Y, Abdulwahid AM, Li Q, Rong H, Cao W, Su Z, Zhao G, Liu R, Zhao S, Huang Y, Te Pas MFW, Ge C, Jia J. Integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the melanogenesis pathway of muscle and related meat characters in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:173. [PMID: 35236293 PMCID: PMC8892760 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanin is an important antioxidant in food and has been used in medicine and cosmetology. Chicken meat with high melanin content from black-boned chickens have been considered a high nutritious food with potential medicinal properties. The molecular mechanism of melanogenesis of skeletal muscle in black-boned chickens remain poorly understood. This study investigated the biological gene-metabolite associations regulating the muscle melanogenesis pathways in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens with two normal boned chicken breeds as control. Results We identified 25 differentially expressed genes and 11 transcription factors in the melanogenesis pathways. High levels of the meat flavor compounds inosine monophosphate, hypoxanthine, lysophospholipid, hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, and nicotinamide mononucleotide were found in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens. Conclusion Integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed the dual physiological functions of the PDZK1 gene, involved in pigmentation and/or melanogenesis and regulating the phospholipid signaling processes in muscle of black boned chickens. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08388-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Dou
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixiong Yan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixian Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonghui Jian
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingying Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuting Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mir Zulqarnain Talpur
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Duan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medical, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahai Gu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang He
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Du
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihua Li
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Rong
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Cao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengchang Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, College of Computing and Informatics, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Sumei Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Marinus F W Te Pas
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, 238050, The Netherlands. .,Visiting Professor Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changrong Ge
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junjing Jia
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Cheong KA, Kil IS, Ko HW, Lee AY. Upregulated Guanine Deaminase Is Involved in Hyperpigmentation of Seborrheic Keratosis via Uric Acid Release. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212501. [PMID: 34830382 PMCID: PMC8625227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Seborrheic keratosis, which is a benign tumor composed of epidermal keratinocytes, develops common in the elderly. Uric acid generated by upregulated guanine deaminase (GDA) has been identified to cause UV-induced keratinocyte senescence in seborrheic keratosis. Seborrheic keratosis is also frequently pigmented. Growing evidences indicate that hyperuricemia is a risk factor of acanthosis nigricans, an acquired skin hyperpigmentation. The objective of this study was to investigate role of GDA and its metabolic end product, uric acid, in hyperpigmentation of patients with seborrheic keratosis using their lesional and non-lesional skin specimen sets and cultured primary human epidermal keratinocytes with or without GDA overexpression or uric acid treatment. GDA-overexpressing keratinocytes or their conditioned media containing uric acid increased expression levels of MITF and tyrosinase in melanocytes. Uric acid released from keratinocytes was facilitated by ABCG2 transporter with the help of PDZK1 interaction. Released uric acid was taken by URAT1 transporter in melanocytes, stimulating melanogenesis through p38 MAPK activation. Overall, GDA upregulation in seborrheic keratosis plays a role in melanogenesis via its metabolic end product uric acid, suggesting that seborrheic keratosis as an example of hyperpigmentation associated with photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ah Cheong
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 410-773, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - In Sup Kil
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si 446-729, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Hyuk Wan Ko
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Ai-Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 410-773, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-3-1961-7250
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11
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Abstract
Melanocytes are highly specialised dendritic cells that transfer melanin to keratinocytes in subcellular lysosome-like organelles called melanosomes, where melanin is synthesised and stored. Melanin is a complex pigment that provides colour and photoprotection to the skin, hair, and eyes of mammals. The regulation of melanogenesis includes various mechanisms and factors including genetic, environmental, and endocrine factors. Knowledge of the pigmentation process is important not only to understand hyperpigmentation but also to design treatments and therapies to treat them. Whitening cosmetics with anti-melanogenesis activity are very popular. In the present manuscript, we review the mechanisms and the signalling pathways involved in skin pigmentation and we specifically focus on the alteration of melanogenesis that leads to melasma and results in hyperpigmentation. Finally, current therapies and treatments including topical, oral, and phototherapies are discussed and described, with a special emphasis on the cosmetics’ action.
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12
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Abstract
Melasma is a benign yet psychologically debilitating skin condition that is prevalent among women of darker phenotypes, and particularly in Asian women. This potentially preventable condition can lead to skin discoloration that is hard to treat and can frequently recur. This review aims to (1) highlight the pathophysiology of melasma, (2) describe its important risk factors, and (3) identify prevention methods, available treatment options, and potential complications of melasma. By raising awareness of this condition, we hope that physicians and patients will be able to be better informed to discuss screening options and to avoid preventable risk factors, especially in patients who are predisposed to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle X Wu
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Ruth Antony
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Harvey N Mayrovitz
- Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
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13
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Tian X, Cui Z, Liu S, Zhou J, Cui R. Melanosome transport and regulation in development and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 219:107707. [PMID: 33075361 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanosomes are specialized membrane-bound organelles that synthesize and organize melanin, ultimately providing color to the skin, hair, and eyes. Disorders in melanogenesis and melanosome transport are linked to pigmentary diseases, such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, and Griscelli syndrome. Clinical cases of these pigmentary diseases shed light on the molecular mechanisms that control melanosome-related pathways. However, only an improved understanding of melanogenesis and melanosome transport will further the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Herein, we review the current literature surrounding melanosomes with particular emphasis on melanosome membrane transport and cytoskeleton-mediated melanosome transport. We also provide perspectives on melanosome regulatory mechanisms which include hormonal action, inflammation, autophagy, and organelle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tian
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ziyong Cui
- Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America
| | - Song Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Rutao Cui
- Skin Disease Research Institute, The 2nd Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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14
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Sarkar R, Bansal A, Ailawadi P. Future therapies in melasma: What lies ahead? Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2020; 86:8-17. [DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_633_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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15
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Wendt J, Mueller C, Rauscher S, Fae I, Fischer G, Okamoto I. Contributions by MC1R Variants to Melanoma Risk in Males and Females. JAMA Dermatol 2019; 154:789-795. [PMID: 29898205 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Importance Recently, the red hair variants of MC1R were found to contribute differently to pigmentation phenotype in males and females. Objective To investigate the role of these variants in melanoma risk in males and females separately because carriers of the red hair variants of MC1R are at increased risk of melanoma. Design, Setting, and Participants In this hospital-based, case-control study, we evaluated the effect of MC1R and melanoma risk for males and females separately by performing multivariate logistic regression analyses. Main Outcomes and Measures Association of MC1R variants and melanoma risk in males and females. Results A total of 905 females (473 melanoma cases, 432 controls) and 886 males (518 melanoma cases, 368 controls) were included in the analyses. The mean (SD) age of the study population was 59.2 (15.6). In females, carrying any MC1R red hair variants remained an independent risk factor of melanoma in a multivariable analysis (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.19 [95% CI, 1.60-2.99]), whereas in males, only signs of actinic skin damage (lentigines on the back [OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.47-4.45; P = .001] and the hands [OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.24-4.29; P = .008] and wrinkling on the neck [OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.23-3.82; P = .007]) and sunburns (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.12-2.42; P = .01) remained significant risk factors. Conclusions and Relevance MC1R variants contribute differently to melanoma risk in males and females. This could be helpful to better classify melanoma risk factors between the sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Wendt
- Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Mueller
- Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Rauscher
- Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Fae
- Division of Blood Group Serology, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gottfried Fischer
- Division of Blood Group Serology, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ichiro Okamoto
- Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Hernando B, Ibarrola-Villava M, Oltra SS, Valcuende-Cavero F, Pitarch G, Mahiques L, Ribas G, Martinez-Cadenas C. Sun exposure and PDZK1 genotype modulate PDZK1 gene expression in normal skin. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2019; 36:70-72. [PMID: 31444921 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hernando
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellon, Castellon, Spain
| | - Maider Ibarrola-Villava
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Network Centre for Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara S Oltra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Network Centre for Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisca Valcuende-Cavero
- Department of Dermatology, La Plana University Hospital. Carretera Villarreal-Burriana, Villarreal, Spain
| | - Gerard Pitarch
- Department of Dermatology, Castellon University General Hospital. Ave. Benicassim, Castellon, Spain
| | - Laura Mahiques
- Department of Dermatology, Castellon University General Hospital. Ave. Benicassim, Castellon, Spain
| | - Gloria Ribas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Network Centre for Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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17
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Cario M. How hormones may modulate human skin pigmentation in melasma: An in vitro perspective. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:709-718. [PMID: 30883945 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melasma is a common acquired hyperpigmentary disorder occurring primarily in photo-exposed areas and mainly affecting women of childbearing age. To decipher the role of sex hormones in melasma, this viewpoint reviews the effects of sex hormones on cutaneous cells cultured in monolayers, in coculture, in 3D models and explants in the presence or the absence of UV. The data show that sex steroid hormones, especially oestrogen, can modulate in vitro pigmentation by stimulating melanocytes and keratinocyte pro-pigmentary factors, but not via fibroblast or mast cell activation. In vitro data suggest that oestrogen acts on endothelial cell count, which may in turn increase endothelin-1 concentrations. However, data on explants revealed that sex steroid even at doses observed during pregnancy cannot induce melanogenesis alone nor melanosome transfer but that it acts in synergy with UVB. In conclusion, we hypothesize that in predisposed persons, sex steroid hormones initiate hyperpigmentation in melasma by amplifying the effects of UV on melanogenesis via direct effects on melanocytes or indirect effects via keratinocytes and on the transfer of melanosomes. They also help to sustain hyperpigmentation by increasing the number of blood vessels and, in turn, the level of endothelin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Cario
- Inserm 1035, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Aquiderm, Bordeaux, France
- National reference center for rare skin Diseases, Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France
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18
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Lei X, Xu P, Cheng B. Problems and Solutions for Platelet-Rich Plasma in Facial Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43:457-469. [PMID: 30327852 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely applied in orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, burns, and plastic surgery, especially in facial rejuvenation. Research is ongoing into new indications and mechanisms of PRP to promote its wider, safer, and more effective use in the clinic. This article reviews the possible mechanisms of PRP in facial rejuvenation and related research. It is expected that the application of PRP in this field will increase. METHODS The use of PRP in facial rejuvenation was screened using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The relevant articles were searched through Pubmed digest database, SCI full-text database, ScienceDirect full-text database, and the CNKI full-text database. The different effects and limitations of PRP were extracted. RESULTS A total of 108 articles were obtained, including 18 articles researching PRP in cells, 10 articles on animal research using PRP, 16 articles on the clinical study of PRP, 24 articles involving signs of skin aging, and four articles on the limitations of PRP. The remaining articles were related to the preparation of PRP, the introduction of PRP, and other aspects. CONCLUSION Based on in vitro and in vivo research, PRP may play a role in promoting tissue regeneration, oxidative stress and revascularization, which form the theoretical basis for the use of PRP in the clinical treatment of facial rejuvenation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Lei
- The Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Center of Wound Treatment, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Center of Wound Treatment, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- The Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Center of Wound Treatment, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
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19
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Kow LM, Pfaff DW. Can distinctly different rapid estrogen actions share a common mechanistic step? Horm Behav 2018; 104:156-164. [PMID: 29476777 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Contribution to Special Issue on Fast effects of steroids. This paper reviews early evidence for the existence of rapid, non-genomic effects of estrogens on neurons, and, further, proposes that these rapid effects are often synergistic with later, genomic effects. Finally, suggestions about potential molecular mechanisms underlying the rapid effects of estrogens are offered. A mechanistic step we propose to be common among rapid estrogenic actions includes membrane ER's binding to histamine, and NMDA receptors and subsequent dimerization, and clustering (respectively) in a manner that enhances histamine and NMDA actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Ming Kow
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Donald W Pfaff
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
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20
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Ferreira C, Hagen P, Stern M, Hussner J, Zimmermann U, Grube M, Meyer zu Schwabedissen HE. The scaffold protein PDZK1 modulates expression and function of the organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 120:181-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Lu YY, Liang J, Chen SX, Wang BX, Yuan H, Li CT, Wu YY, Wu YF, Shi XG, Gao J, Hou SZ. Phloridzin alleviate colitis in mice by protecting the intestinal brush border and improving the expression of sodium glycogen transporter 1. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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22
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Comment on: Facial Hyperpigmentation in Skin of Color: Special Considerations and Treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol 2017; 18:593-594. [PMID: 28597179 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-017-0303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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23
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Melasma treatment: A novel approach using a topical agent that contains an anti-estrogen and a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor. Med Hypotheses 2017; 101:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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D'Elia MPB, Brandão MC, de Andrade Ramos BR, da Silva MG, Miot LDB, Dos Santos SEB, Miot HA. African ancestry is associated with facial melasma in women: a cross-sectional study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:17. [PMID: 28212612 PMCID: PMC5316149 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Melasma is a chronic acquired focal hypermelanosis affecting photoexposed areas, especially for women during fertile age. Several factors contribute to its development: sun exposure, sex steroids, medicines, and family history. Melanic pigmentation pathway discloses several SNPs in different populations. Here, we evaluated the association between genetic ancestry and facial melasma. Methods A cross-sectional study involving women with melasma and an age-matched control group from outpatients at FMB-Unesp, Botucatu-SP, Brazil was performed. DNA was extracted from oral mucosa swabs and ancestry determined by studying 61 INDELs. The genetic ancestry components were adjusted by other known risk factors by multiple logistic regression. Results We evaluated 119 women with facial melasma and 119 controls. Mean age was 39 ± 9 years. Mean age at beginning of disease was 27 ± 8 years. Pregnancy (40%), sun exposure (37%), and hormonal oral contraception (22%) were the most frequently reported melasma triggers. All subjects presented admixed ancestry, African and European genetic contributions were significantly different between cases and controls (respectively 10% vs 6%; 77% vs 82%; p < 0.05). African ancestry (OR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.07), first generation family history (OR = 3.04; 95% CI 1.56 to 5.94), low education level (OR = 4.04; 95% CI 1.56 to 5.94), and use of antidepressants by individuals with affected family members (OR = 6.15; 95% CI 1.13 to 33.37) were associated with melasma, independently of other known risk factors. Conclusions Facial melasma was independently associated with African ancestry in a highly admixed population. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-017-0378-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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25
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Roh MR, Eliades P, Gupta S, Grant-Kels JM, Tsao H. Cutaneous melanoma in women. Int J Womens Dermatol 2017; 3:S11-S15. [PMID: 28492033 PMCID: PMC5419022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender disparity in melanoma outcome is consistently observed, suggesting that gender is as an important prognostic factor. However, the source of this gender disparity in melanoma remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This article reviews advances in our understanding of gender differences in melanoma and how such differences may contribute to outcomes. METHODS A broad literature search was conducted using the PubMed database, with search terms such as 'gender differences in melanoma' and 'sex differences in melanoma.' Additional articles were identified from cited references. RESULTS Herein, we address the gender-linked physiologic differences in skin and melanoma. We discuss the influence of estrogen on a woman's risk for melanoma and melanoma outcomes with regard to pregnancy, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, and UV tanning. CONCLUSIONS The published findings on gender disparities in melanoma have yielded many advances in our understanding of this disease. Biological, environmental, and behavioral factors may explain the observed gender difference in melanoma incidence and outcome. Further research will enable us to learn more about melanoma pathogenesis, with the goal of offering better treatments and preventative advice to our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ryung Roh
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Philip Eliades
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jane M Grant-Kels
- Dermatology Department, University of CT Health Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Hensin Tsao
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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27
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Sun M, Xie HF, Tang Y, Lin SQ, Li JM, Sun SN, Hu XL, Huang YX, Shi W, Jian D. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor enhances melanogenesis via cAMP-protein kinase (PKA) by upregulating microphthalmia-related transcription factor-tyrosinase in melanoma. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 165:236-246. [PMID: 27378491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the role and mechanism of action of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in melanogenesis. METHODS GPER expression was detected in the A375 human melanoma cell line and B16 mouse melanoma cell line. Cell proliferation, melanin content, tyrosinase (TYR) activity, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level, and TYR and microphthalmia-related transcription factor (MITF) expression were measured. GPER activation was altered by agonist and antagonist treatment and its expression was downregulated by gene silencing. Estradiol-induced melanin synthesis and the activation of related signaling pathways were suppressed by inhibiting GPER via antagonist treatment. The relationship between GPER and TYR was evaluated in clinical chloasma samples by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Upregulation of GPER in A375 cells promoted melanogenesis, favored as indicated by increases in TYR and MITF expression and TYR activity. GPER activated melanin production via the cAMP-protein kinase (PK) A pathway, suggesting that GPER plays an important role in estrogen-induced melanin synthesis. The effect of GPER activation on cAMP-MITF-TYR signaling was also demonstrated in B16 cells. A significant association was observed between GPER and TYR expression in chloasma skin lesions relative to normal skin. CONCLUSION GPER enhances melanin synthesis via cAMP-PKA-MITF-TYR signaling and modulates the effects of estrogen in melanogenesis. GPER is therefore a potential drug target for chloasma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Fu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shang-Qing Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Mao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shu-Na Sun
- Shangdong University of TCM, Shangdong, China
| | - Xing-Lin Hu
- Department of Dermatology, First People's Hospital of Chenzhou City, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Xue Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Bin BH, Kim DK, Kim NH, Choi EJ, Bhin J, Kim ST, Gho YS, Lee AY, Lee TR, Cho EG. Fibronectin-Containing Extracellular Vesicles Protect Melanocytes against Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Cytotoxicity. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:957-966. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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29
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Hernando B, Ibarrola-Villava M, Fernandez LP, Peña-Chilet M, Llorca-Cardeñosa M, Oltra SS, Alonso S, Boyano MD, Martinez-Cadenas C, Ribas G. Sex-specific genetic effects associated with pigmentation, sensitivity to sunlight, and melanoma in a population of Spanish origin. Biol Sex Differ 2016; 7:17. [PMID: 26998216 PMCID: PMC4797181 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-016-0070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pigmentation is a polygenic quantitative trait with high heritability. In addition to genetic factors, it has been shown that pigmentation can be modulated by oestrogens and androgens via up- or down-regulation of melanin synthesis. Our aim was to identify possible sex differences in pigmentation phenotype as well as in melanoma association in a melanoma case-control population of Spanish origin. METHODS Five hundred and ninety-nine females (316 melanoma cases and 283 controls) and 458 males (234 melanoma cases and 224 controls) were analysed. We genotyped 363 polymorphisms (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) from 65 pigmentation gene regions. RESULTS When samples were stratified by sex, we observed more SNPs associated with dark pigmentation and good sun tolerance in females than in males (107 versus 75; P = 2.32 × 10(-6)), who were instead associated with light pigmentation and poor sun tolerance. Furthermore, six SNPs in TYR, SILV/CDK2, GPR143, and F2RL1 showed strong differences in melanoma risk by sex (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that these genetic variants are important for pigmentation as well as for melanoma risk, and also provide suggestive evidence for potential differences in genetic effects by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hernando
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellon, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Maider Ibarrola-Villava
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Av. Menendez Pelayo 4 accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lara P Fernandez
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Peña-Chilet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Av. Menendez Pelayo 4 accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Llorca-Cardeñosa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Av. Menendez Pelayo 4 accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara S Oltra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Av. Menendez Pelayo 4 accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Santos Alonso
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Boyano
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia Spain.,BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Cruces-Barakaldo, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Conrado Martinez-Cadenas
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellon, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Gloria Ribas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute - INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Av. Menendez Pelayo 4 accesorio, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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van Drielen K, Gunn D, Griffiths C, Griffiths T, Ogden S, Noordam R, Slagboom P, van Heemst D, de Craen A. Markers of health and disease and pigmented spots in a middle-aged population. Br J Dermatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. van Drielen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - D.A. Gunn
- Unilever R&D; Sharnbrook Bedfordshire U.K
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
| | - C.E.M. Griffiths
- Dermatology Centre; Salford Royal Hospital; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester U.K
| | - T.W. Griffiths
- Dermatology Centre; Salford Royal Hospital; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester U.K
| | - S. Ogden
- Dermatology Centre; Salford Royal Hospital; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester U.K
| | - R. Noordam
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - P.E. Slagboom
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology; Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - D. van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
| | - A.J.M. de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
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Lee AY. Recent progress in melasma pathogenesis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2015; 28:648-60. [PMID: 26230865 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melasma is a common skin pigmentation condition. Given therapeutic difficulty as one of the biggest concerns, understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of melasma becomes essential. UV irradiation, female sex hormones, and inflammatory processes are addressed as triggering factors with genetic predisposition. The mechanism of UV-induced melanogenesis has been extensively investigated as a model system to study melasma pathogenesis. Hitherto, treatment modalities for melasma are similar to other hyperpigmentation disorders. However, individual triggering factors induce a separate pigmentation disease, whose pathogenic mechanisms and clinical phenotypes are different from the ones encountered in melasma. Fortunately, there have been ongoing updates on melasma pathogenesis with regard to major triggering factors. Presence of certain factors working independently of UV exposure and role of dermal factors and microRNAs are being identified as novel discoveries about melasma pathogenesis. In this review, the melasma pathogenesis is reviewed in association with updated and new findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Wang C, Herrler T, Li Q. An updated review of mechanotransduction in skin disorders: transcriptional regulators, ion channels, and microRNAs. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2091-106. [PMID: 25681865 PMCID: PMC11113187 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The skin is constantly exposed and responds to a wide range of biomechanical cues. The mechanobiology of skin has already been known and applied by clinicians long before the fundamental molecular mechanisms of mechanotransduction are elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Despite increasing knowledge on the mediators of biomechanical signaling such as mitogen-associated protein kinases, Rho GTPases or FAK-ERK pathways, the key elements of mechano-responses transcription factors, and mechano-sensors remain unclear. Recently, canonical biochemical components of Hippo and Wnt signaling pathway YAP and β-catenin were found to exhibit undefined mechanical sensitivity. Mechanical forces were identified to be the dominant regulators of YAP/TAZ activity in a multicellular context. Furthermore, different voltage or ligand sensitive ion channels in the cell membrane exhibited their mechanical sensitivity as mechano-sensors. Additionally, a large number of microRNAs have been confirmed to regulate cellular behavior and contribute to various skin disorders under mechanical stimuli. Mechanosensitive (MS) microRNAs could not only be activated by distinct mechanical force pattern, but also responsively target MS sensors such as e-cadherin and cytoskeleton constituent RhoA. CONCLUSION Thus, a comprehensive understanding of this regulatory network of cutaneous mechanotransduction will facilitate the development of novel approaches to wound healing, hypertrophic scar formation, skin regeneration, and the progression or initiation of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
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Tang J, Li Q, Cheng B, Huang C, Chen K. Effects of diethylstilbestrol on the proliferation and tyrosinase activity of cultured human melanocytes. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:499-502. [PMID: 26171155 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of different exogenous estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) concentrations on the human melanocyte proliferation and tyrosinase activity. Skin specimens were obtained following blepharoplasty, and the melanocytes were primary cultured and passaged to the third generation. The melanocytes were seeded in 96-well plates, each well had 5×103 cells. The medium was changed after 24 h, and contained 10-4-10-8 M DES. After the melanocytes were incubated, the proliferation and tyrosinase activity were detected by the MTT assay and L-DOPA reaction. DES (10-8-10-6 M) enhanced the proliferation of cultured melanocytes. The intensity was positively correlated with the concentration of drug. DES, >10-5 M, inhibited the melanocytes proliferation or even produced the toxicity effect. Following the addition of 10-6 M DES to the medium, the tyrosinase activity of melanocytes was significantly increased, with P<0.05. In conclusion, a certain concentration of DES promoted the proliferation of melanocytes, enhanced the activity of tyrosinase and promoted pigment synthesis of melanocytes, with the optimal concentration of 10-6 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, People's Liberation Army, HuaBo BioPharmaceutical Institute of Guangzhou, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, People's Liberation Army, HuaBo BioPharmaceutical Institute of Guangzhou, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, People's Liberation Army, HuaBo BioPharmaceutical Institute of Guangzhou, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Chong Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, People's Liberation Army, HuaBo BioPharmaceutical Institute of Guangzhou, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Tissue Repair of Tropical Area, People's Liberation Army, HuaBo BioPharmaceutical Institute of Guangzhou, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
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Tang HC, Chen YC. Identification of tyrosinase inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicines for the management of hyperpigmentation. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:184. [PMID: 25932370 PMCID: PMC4411401 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-0956-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of tyrosinase is the most effective method to decrease melanin synthesis during the process of pigmentation. We aimed to find compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) that are more effective than the most commonly used tyrosinase inhibitor, arbutin. First, we employed homology modeling to construct a tyrosinase-modeled structure, and structure-based virtual screening to screen from 61,000 TCM compounds. We also adopted the following quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for ligand-based validation: support vector machine, multiple linear regression, and Bayesian network. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to confirm the stability of ligand binding. We found that merresectine C might more effectively bind and inhibit the activity of tyrosinase than arbutin. This study provides useful evidence for the potential development of a novel non-toxic bleaching or whitening ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chieh Tang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung, 41354 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chian Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung, 41354 Taiwan ; Human Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ; Research Center for Chinese Medicine &Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
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Handel AC, Miot LDB, Miot HA. Melasma: a clinical and epidemiological review. An Bras Dermatol 2015; 89:771-82. [PMID: 25184917 PMCID: PMC4155956 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20143063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Melasma is a chronic acquired hypermelanosis of the skin, characterized by irregular brown macules symmetrically distributed on sun-exposed areas of the body, particularly on the face. It is a common cause of demand for dermatological care that affects mainly women (especially during the menacme), and more pigmented phenotypes (Fitzpatrick skin types III-V). Due to its frequent facial involvement, the disease has an impact on the quality of life of patients. Its pathogeny is not yet completely understood, although there are some known triggering factors such as sun exposure, pregnancy, sexual hormones, inflammatory processes of the skin, use of cosmetics, steroids, and photosensitizing drugs. There is also a clear genetic predisposition, since over 40% of patients reported having relatives affected with the disease. In this manuscript, the authors discuss the main clinical and epidemiological aspects of melasma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hélio Amante Miot
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Kocarnik JM, Park SL, Han J, Dumitrescu L, Cheng I, Wilkens LR, Schumacher FR, Kolonel L, Carlson CS, Crawford DC, Goodloe RJ, Dilks HH, Baker P, Richardson D, Matise TC, Ambite JL, Song F, Qureshi AA, Zhang M, Duggan D, Hutter C, Hindorff L, Bush WS, Kooperberg C, Le Marchand L, Peters U. Pleiotropic and sex-specific effects of cancer GWAS SNPs on melanoma risk in the population architecture using genomics and epidemiology (PAGE) study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120491. [PMID: 25789475 PMCID: PMC4366224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several regions of the genome show pleiotropic associations with multiple cancers. We sought to evaluate whether 181 single-nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with various cancers in genome-wide association studies were also associated with melanoma risk. Methods We evaluated 2,131 melanoma cases and 20,353 controls from three studies in the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study (EAGLE-BioVU, MEC, WHI) and two collaborating studies (HPFS, NHS). Overall and sex-stratified analyses were performed across studies. Results We observed statistically significant associations with melanoma for two lung cancer SNPs in the TERT-CLPTM1L locus (Bonferroni-corrected p<2.8x10-4), replicating known pleiotropic effects at this locus. In sex-stratified analyses, we also observed a potential male-specific association between prostate cancer risk variant rs12418451 and melanoma risk (OR=1.22, p=8.0x10-4). No other variants in our study were associated with melanoma after multiple comparisons adjustment (p>2.8e-4). Conclusions We provide confirmatory evidence of pleiotropic associations with melanoma for two SNPs previously associated with lung cancer, and provide suggestive evidence for a male-specific association with melanoma for prostate cancer variant rs12418451. This SNP is located near TPCN2, an ion transport gene containing SNPs which have been previously associated with hair pigmentation but not melanoma risk. Previous evidence provides biological plausibility for this association, and suggests a complex interplay between ion transport, pigmentation, and melanoma risk that may vary by sex. If confirmed, these pleiotropic relationships may help elucidate shared molecular pathways between cancers and related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Kocarnik
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - S. Lani Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Iona Cheng
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Fredrick R. Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Laurence Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Chris S. Carlson
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Dana C. Crawford
- Department of Epidemiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Biostatistics Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Goodloe
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Holli H. Dilks
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Paxton Baker
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Danielle Richardson
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Tara C. Matise
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - José Luis Ambite
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, United States of America
| | - Fengju Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Abrar A. Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mingfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Hutter
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lucia Hindorff
- Division of Genomic Medicine, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, Untied States of America
| | - William S. Bush
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Abstract
Background Gender disparity in melanoma outcome is consistently observed, suggesting that gender is as an important prognostic factor. However, the source of this gender disparity in melanoma remains unclear. Objective This article reviews advances in our understanding of gender differences in melanoma and how such differences may contribute to outcomes. Methods A broad literature search was conducted using the PubMed database, with search terms such as ‘gender differences in melanoma’ and ‘sex differences in melanoma.’ Additional articles were identified from cited references. Results Herein, we address the gender-linked physiologic differences in skin and melanoma. We discuss the influence of estrogen on a woman’s risk for melanoma and melanoma outcomes with regard to pregnancy, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, and UV tanning. Conclusions The published findings on gender disparities in melanoma have yielded many advances in our understanding of this disease. Biological, environmental, and behavioral factors may explain the observed gender difference in melanoma incidence and outcome. Further research will enable us to learn more about melanoma pathogenesis, with the goal of offering better treatments and preventative advice to our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ryung Roh
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A ; Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Philip Eliades
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A ; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Hensin Tsao
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
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Tamega ADA, Miot HA, Moço NP, Silva MG, Marques MEA, Miot LDB. Gene and protein expression of oestrogen-β and progesterone receptors in facial melasma and adjacent healthy skin in women. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 37:222-8. [PMID: 25439299 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compare gene and protein expression for oestrogen receptor-β (ER-β) and progesterone receptor (PR) in facial melasma and adjacent healthy skin. METHODS A cross-sectional study including 42 women with facial melasma, conducted at the Dermatology Service of Botucatu Medical School of São Paulo State University, Brazil. Biopsies of the melasma skin were performed, together with healthy surrounding skin. The gene expression (real-time PCR) of the hormone receptors in the tissue was evaluated. Subsequently, skin fragments were immunostained for nuclear ER-β and PR, evaluated according to their HSCORE (epidermis) and percentage of staining per microscopic field (dermis). RESULTS Messenger RNA tissue expression for ER-β and PR showed no difference between melasma-affected skin fragments and the healthy perilesional areas (P > 0.2). Median nuclear epithelial expression for ER-β and PR was higher in lesioned skin (HSCORE 157 and 58) than in the healthy perilesional skin (HSCORE 97 and 19; P < 0.01), with no difference in dermal immunostaining. Nuclear histological expression for ER-β was associated to sun-induced melasma and negative familiar background; PR expression was associated to sun-induced melasma and darker phototypes. CONCLUSION No difference was observed in gene expression for oestrogen-β and progesterone receptors in melasma-affected skin compared with adjacent healthy skin. However, the higher protein expression of these receptors in melasma-affected epithelia suggests hormonal participation in the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de A Tamega
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy of the Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Campus Universitário de Rubião Jr., 18618-970, Botucatu, Brazil
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Kocarnik JM, Park SL, Han J, Dumitrescu L, Cheng I, Wilkens LR, Schumacher FR, Kolonel L, Carlson CS, Crawford DC, Goodloe RJ, Dilks H, Baker P, Richardson D, Ambite JL, Song F, Quresh AA, Zhang M, Duggan D, Hutter C, Hindorff LA, Bush WS, Kooperberg C, Le Marchand L, Peters U. Replication of associations between GWAS SNPs and melanoma risk in the Population Architecture Using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:2049-2052. [PMID: 24480881 PMCID: PMC4057959 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Kocarnik
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Sungshim Lani Park
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Jiali Han
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Laurence Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Chris S Carlson
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dana C Crawford
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robert J Goodloe
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Holli Dilks
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paxton Baker
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Danielle Richardson
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - José Luis Ambite
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, USA
| | - Fengju Song
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Abrar A Quresh
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mingfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Carolyn Hutter
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lucia A Hindorff
- Division of Genomic Medicine, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Brianezi G, Handel AC, Schmitt JV, Miot LDB, Miot HA. Changes in nuclear morphology and chromatin texture of basal keratinocytes in melasma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:809-12. [PMID: 24629163 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of melasma and the role of keratinocytes in disease development and maintenance are not completely understood. Dermal abnormalities, the expression of inflammatory mediators, growth factors, epithelial expression of melanocortin and sexual hormones receptors suggest that not only melanocytes, but entire epidermal melanin unit is involved in melasma physiopathology. OBJECTIVES To compare nuclear morphological features and chromatin texture between basal keratinocytes in facial melasma and adjacent normal skin. METHODS We took facial skin biopsies (2 mm melasma and adjacent normal skin) from women processed for haematoxylin and eosin. Thirty non-overlapping basal keratinocyte nuclei were segmented and descriptors of area, highest diameter, perimeter, circularity, pixel intensity, profilometric index (Ra) and fractal dimension were extracted using ImageJ software. RESULTS Basal keratinocyte nuclei from facial melasma epidermis displayed larger size, irregular shape, hyperpigmentation and chromatin heterogeneity by fractal dimension than perilesional skin. CONCLUSION Basal keratinocytes from facial melasma display changes in nuclear form and chromatin texture, suggesting that the phenotype differences between melasma and adjacent facial skin can result from complete epidermal melanin unit alterations, not just hypertrophic melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brianezi
- Departamento de Patologia (TOXICAM), FMB-Unesp, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Castillo-Briceno P, Kodjabachian L. Xenopus embryonic epidermis as a mucociliary cellular ecosystem to assess the effect of sex hormones in a non-reproductive context. Front Zool 2014; 11:9. [PMID: 24502321 PMCID: PMC4015847 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-11-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background How important are sexual hormones beyond their function in reproductive biology has yet to be understood. In this study, we analyzed the effects of sex steroids on the biology of the embryonic amphibian epidermis, which represents an easily amenable model of non-reproductive mucociliary epithelia (MCE). MCE are integrated systems formed by multiciliated (MC), mucus-secreting (MS) and mitochondrion-rich (MR) cell populations that are shaped by their microenvironment. Therefore, MCE could be considered as ecosystems at the cellular scale, found in a wide array of contexts from mussel gills to mammalian oviduct. Results We showed that the natural estrogen (estradiol, E2) and androgen (testosterone, T) as well as the synthetic estrogen (ethinyl-estradiol, EE2), all induced a significant enhancement of MC cell numbers. The effect of E2, T and EE2 extended to the MS and MR cell populations, to varying degrees. They also modified the expression profile of RNA MCE markers, and induced a range of “non-typical” cellular phenotypes, with mixed identities and aberrant morphologies, as revealed by imaging analysis through biomarker confocal detection and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, these hormones also affected tadpole pigmentation, revealing an effect on the entire cellular ecosystem of the Xenopus embryonic skin. Conclusions This study reveals the impact in vivo, at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism levels, of sex steroids on non-reproductive mucociliary epithelium biogenesis, and validates the use of Xenopus as a relevant model system in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Castillo-Briceno
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7288, IBDM, Campus de Luminy Case 907, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France.
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Chung BY, Noh TK, Yang SH, Kim IH, Lee MW, Yoon TJ, Chang SE. Gene Expression Profiling in Melasma in Korean Women. Dermatology 2014; 229:333-42. [DOI: 10.1159/000365080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Lee AY, Noh M. The regulation of epidermal melanogenesis via cAMP and/or PKC signaling pathways: insights for the development of hypopigmenting agents. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:792-801. [PMID: 23604723 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal pigmentation, particularly hyperpigmentation, is major issue of concern for people with colored skin. Several hypopigmenting agents, which exert their action by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and/or transcription, have been used for treatment. However, results have been discouraging. To manage abnormal pigmentation properly, the mechanisms of melanogenesis should be understood. Endogenous and exogenous factors affect melanogenesis via intracellular machineries. cAMP and PKC are critical factors of important transduction pathways and cross-talk between them could amplify the melanogenic effect. Here, factors involved in melanogenesis regulation via cAMP and/or PKC pathways are reviewed with their action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Seoul, Graduate School of Medicine, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-773, South Korea.
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