1
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Egal ESA, Kamdem SD, Yoshigi M, Yang CC, Pellizzari S, Kameni EM, Helms MN, Assassi S, Henkemeyer M, Frech TM, Mimche PN. EphB2 Receptor Promotes Dermal Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:1303-1316. [PMID: 38589317 PMCID: PMC11288787 DOI: 10.1002/art.42858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph)/Ephrin cell-cell signaling is emerging as a key player in tissue fibrogenesis. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the receptor tyrosine kinase EphB2 mediates dermal fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS We assessed normal and SSc human skin biopsies for EphB2 expression. The in vivo role of EphB2 in skin fibrosis was investigated by subjecting EphB2-knockout mice to both bleomycin-induced and tight skin (Tsk1/+) genetic mouse models of skin fibrosis. EphB2 kinase-dead and overactive point mutant mice were used to evaluate the role of EphB2 forward signaling in bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis. In vitro studies were performed on dermal fibroblasts from patients with SSc and healthy controls, which was followed by in vivo analysis of fibroblast-specific Ephb2-deficient mice. RESULTS Expression of EphB2 is up-regulated in SSc skin tissue and explanted SSc dermal fibroblasts compared with healthy controls. EphB2 expression is elevated in two animal models of dermal fibrosis. In mice, EphB2 drives dermal fibrosis in both the bleomycin and the Tsk1/+ models of skin fibrosis. EphB2 forward signaling is a critical mediator of dermal fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) cytokines up-regulate EphB2 in dermal fibroblasts via noncanonical TGF-β/mother against decapentaplegic signaling, and silencing EPHB2 in human dermal fibroblasts is sufficient to dampen TGF-β-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Moreover, mice with fibroblast-specific deletion of EphB2 showed impaired fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and reduced skin fibrosis upon bleomycin challenge. CONCLUSION Our data implicate TGF-β regulation of EphB2 overexpression and kinase-mediated forward signaling in the development of dermal fibrosis in SSc. EphB2 thus represents a potential new therapeutic target for SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika SA Egal
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
| | - Severin Donald Kamdem
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
| | - Masaaki Yoshigi
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
| | - Ching-Chu Yang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
| | - Sarah Pellizzari
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
| | - Ernest M Kameni
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
| | - My N Helms
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84132, USA
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX77030
| | - Mark Henkemeyer
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390, USA
| | - Tracy M Frech
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Patrice N Mimche
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
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2
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Ghaffarinia A, Póliska S, Ayaydin F, Goblos A, Parvaneh S, Manczinger M, Balogh F, Erdei L, Veréb Z, Szabó K, Bata-Csörgő Z, Kemény L. Unraveling Transcriptome Profile, Epigenetic Dynamics, and Morphological Changes in Psoriasis-like Keratinocytes: "Insights into Similarity with Psoriatic Lesional Epidermis". Cells 2023; 12:2825. [PMID: 38132145 PMCID: PMC10741855 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes are one of the primary cells affected by psoriasis inflammation. Our study aimed to delve deeper into their morphology, transcriptome, and epigenome changes in response to psoriasis-like inflammation. We created a novel cytokine mixture to mimic mild and severe psoriasis-like inflammatory conditions in cultured keratinocytes. Upon induction of inflammation, we observed that the keratinocytes exhibited a mesenchymal-like phenotype, further confirmed by increased VIM mRNA expression and results obtained from confocal microscopy. We performed RNA sequencing to achieve a more global view, revealing 858 and 6987 DEGs in mildly and severely inflamed keratinocytes, respectively. Surprisingly, we found that the transcriptome of mildly inflamed keratinocytes more closely mimicked that of the psoriatic epidermis transcriptome than the severely inflamed keratinocytes. Genes involved in the IL-17 pathway were a major contributor to the similarities of the transcriptomes between mildly inflamed KCs and psoriatic epidermis. Mild and severe inflammation led to the gene regulation of epigenetic modifiers such as HATs, HDACs, DNMTs, and TETs. Immunofluorescence staining revealed distinct 5-hmC patterns in inflamed versus control keratinocytes, and consistently low 5-mC intensity in both groups. However, the global DNA methylation assay detected a tendency of decreased 5-mC levels in inflamed keratinocytes versus controls. This study emphasizes how inflammation severity affects the transcriptomic similarity of keratinocytes to psoriatic epidermis and proves dynamic epigenetic regulation and adaptive morphological changes in inflamed keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Ghaffarinia
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- HCEMM-USZ Functional Cell Biology and Immunology, Advanced Core Facility, H-6728 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aniko Goblos
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (Z.V.)
| | - Shahram Parvaneh
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Manczinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Systems Immunology Research Group, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-Systems Immunology Research Group, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Balogh
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lilla Erdei
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (Z.V.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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3
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Ma F, Plazyo O, Billi AC, Tsoi LC, Xing X, Wasikowski R, Gharaee-Kermani M, Hile G, Jiang Y, Harms PW, Xing E, Kirma J, Xi J, Hsu JE, Sarkar MK, Chung Y, Di Domizio J, Gilliet M, Ward NL, Maverakis E, Klechevsky E, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT, Lee JH, Kahlenberg JM, Pellegrini M, Modlin RL, Gudjonsson JE. Single cell and spatial sequencing define processes by which keratinocytes and fibroblasts amplify inflammatory responses in psoriasis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3455. [PMID: 37308489 PMCID: PMC10261041 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin, is incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate, using a combination of single cell and spatial RNA sequencing, IL-36 dependent amplification of IL-17A and TNF inflammatory responses in the absence of neutrophil proteases, which primarily occur within the supraspinous layer of the psoriatic epidermis. We further show that a subset of SFRP2+ fibroblasts in psoriasis contribute to amplification of the immune network through transition to a pro-inflammatory state. The SFRP2+ fibroblast communication network involves production of CCL13, CCL19 and CXCL12, connected by ligand-receptor interactions to other spatially proximate cell types: CCR2+ myeloid cells, CCR7+ LAMP3+ dendritic cells, and CXCR4 expressed on both CD8+ Tc17 cells and keratinocytes, respectively. The SFRP2+ fibroblasts also express cathepsin S, further amplifying inflammatory responses by activating IL-36G in keratinocytes. These data provide an in-depth view of psoriasis pathogenesis, which expands our understanding of the critical cellular participants to include inflammatory fibroblasts and their cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Ma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Olesya Plazyo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Allison C Billi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Rachael Wasikowski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | | | - Grace Hile
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yanyun Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Enze Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Joseph Kirma
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jingyue Xi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jer-En Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mrinal K Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yutein Chung
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jeremy Di Domizio
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gilliet
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicole L Ward
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Eynav Klechevsky
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - J Michelle Kahlenberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert L Modlin
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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4
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Sarkar MK, Uppala R, Zeng C, Billi AC, Tsoi LC, Kidder A, Xing X, Perez White BE, Shao S, Plazyo O, Sirobhushanam S, Xing E, Jiang Y, Gallagher KA, Voorhees JJ, Kahlenberg JM, Gudjonsson JE. Keratinocytes sense and eliminate CRISPR DNA through STING/IFN-κ activation and APOBEC3G induction. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e159393. [PMID: 36928117 PMCID: PMC10145927 DOI: 10.1172/jci159393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 has been proposed as a treatment for genetically inherited skin disorders. Here we report that CRISPR transfection activates STING-dependent antiviral responses in keratinocytes, resulting in heightened endogenous interferon (IFN) responses through induction of IFN-κ, leading to decreased plasmid stability secondary to induction of the cytidine deaminase gene APOBEC3G. Notably, CRISPR-generated KO keratinocytes had permanent suppression of IFN-κ and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, secondary to hypermethylation of the IFNK promoter region by the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3B. JAK inhibition via baricitinib prior to CRISPR transfection increased transfection efficiency, prevented IFNK promoter hypermethylation, and restored normal IFN-κ activity and ISG responses. This work shows that CRISPR-mediated gene correction alters antiviral responses in keratinocytes, has implications for future gene therapies for inherited skin diseases using CRISPR technology, and suggests pharmacologic JAK inhibition as a tool for facilitating and attenuating inadvertent selection effects in CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranjitha Uppala
- Department of Dermatology, and
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Dermatology, and
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, China
| | | | - Sirisha Sirobhushanam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Yanyun Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, and
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Katherine A. Gallagher
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and
| | | | - J. Michelle Kahlenberg
- Department of Dermatology, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Taubman Medical Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Johann E. Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, and
- Taubman Medical Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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5
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Rodrigues A, MacQuarrie KL, Freeman E, Lin A, Willis AB, Xu Z, Alvarez AA, Ma Y, White BEP, Foltz DR, Huang S. Nucleoli and the nucleoli-centromere association are dynamic during normal development and in cancer. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:br5. [PMID: 36753381 PMCID: PMC10092642 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-06-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Centromeres are known to cluster around nucleoli in Drosophila and mammalian cells, but the significance of the nucleoli-centromere interaction remains underexplored. To determine whether the interaction is dynamic under different physiological and pathological conditions, we examined nucleolar structure and centromeres at various differentiation stages using cell culture models and the results showed dynamic changes in nucleolar characteristics and nucleoli-centromere interactions through differentiation and in cancer cells. Embryonic stem cells usually have a single large nucleolus, which is clustered with a high percentage of centromeres. As cells differentiate into intermediate states, the nucleolar number increases and the centromere association decreases. In terminally differentiated cells, including myotubes, neurons, and keratinocytes, the number of nucleoli and their association with centromeres are at the lowest. Cancer cells demonstrate the pattern of nucleoli number and nucleoli-centromere association that is akin to proliferative cell types, suggesting that nucleolar reorganization and changes in nucleoli-centromere interactions may play a role in facilitating malignant transformation. This idea is supported in a case of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma, in which induced differentiation reduces the nucleolar number and centromere association. These findings suggest active roles of nucleolar structure in centromere function and genome organization critical for cellular function in both normal development and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Rodrigues
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Kyle L. MacQuarrie
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Emma Freeman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Alicia Lin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Alexander B. Willis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Zhaofa Xu
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Angel A. Alvarez
- Stem Cell Core and Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Yongchao Ma
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Bethany E. Perez White
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Biology and Diseases Resource-based Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Daniel R. Foltz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Sui Huang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
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6
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Zapata-Mercado E, Biener G, McKenzie DM, Wimley WC, Pasquale EB, Raicu V, Hristova K. The efficacy of receptor tyrosine kinase EphA2 autophosphorylation increases with EphA2 oligomer size. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102370. [PMID: 35970390 PMCID: PMC9512837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) EphA2 is expressed in epithelial and endothelial cells and controls the assembly of cell-cell junctions. EphA2 has also been implicated in many diseases, including cancer. Unlike most RTKs, which signal predominantly as dimers, EphA2 readily forms high-order oligomers upon ligand binding. Here, we investigated if a correlation exists between EphA2 signaling properties and the size of the EphA2 oligomers induced by multiple ligands, including the widely used ephrinA1-Fc ligand, the soluble monomeric m-ephrinA1, and novel engineered peptide ligands. We used fluorescence intensity fluctuation (FIF) spectrometry to characterize the EphA2 oligomer populations induced by the different ligands. Interestingly, we found that different monomeric and dimeric ligands induce EphA2 oligomers with widely different size distributions. Our comparison of FIF brightness distribution parameters and EphA2 signaling parameters reveals that the efficacy of EphA2 phosphorylation on tyrosine 588, an autophosphorylation response contributing to EphA2 activation, correlates with EphA2 mean oligomer size. However, we found that other characteristics, such as the efficacy of AKT inhibition and ligand bias coefficients, appear to be independent of EphA2 oligomer size. Taken together, this work highlights the utility of FIF in RTK signaling research and demonstrates a quantitative correlation between the architecture of EphA2 signaling complexes and signaling features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmer Zapata-Mercado
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gabriel Biener
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Daniel M McKenzie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - William C Wimley
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elena B Pasquale
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
| | - Valerica Raicu
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
| | - Kalina Hristova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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7
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Rachamalla HK, Voshavar C, Arjunan P, Mahalingam G, Chowath RP, Banerjee R, Vemula PK, Marepally S. Skin-Permeable Nano-Lithocholic Lipidoid Efficiently Alleviates Psoriasis-like Chronic Skin Inflammations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14859-14870. [PMID: 35347979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long-term application of topical therapeutics for psoriasis has a plethora of side effects. Additionally, skin-permeating agents used in their formulations for deeper dermal delivery damage the skin. To address these limitations, we developed novel lithocholic acid analogues that could form lipid nanoparticles (nano-LCs) spontaneously in the aqueous milieu, permeate through the skin, penetrate the deeper dermal layers, and exert anti-inflammatory effects against psoriasis-like chronic skin inflammations. Prior findings demonstrated that lithocholic acid acts as a vitamin D receptor agonist without affecting the Ca+2 metabolism and also as an antagonist for ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2). Taking cues from the previous findings, lithocholic acid derivatives with twin alkyl chains (LC6, LC8, LC10, and LC-12) were synthesized, nanoparticles (nano-LCs) were prepared, and they were evaluated for their skin permeability and anti-inflammatory properties. Among these nano-LCs, nano-LC10 demonstrated superior anti-inflammatory properties and inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation in various cell-based evaluations. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficiency of nano-LC10 was evaluated in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model and demonstrated comparable efficiency with the standard topical formulation, Sorvate, in reducing skin inflammations. Nano-LC10 also reduced systemic inflammation, organ toxicity, and also proinflammatory serum cytokine levels. Overall, nano-lithocholic lipidoid (nano-LC10) can be a potential novel class of therapeutics for topical application in treating psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandrashekhar Voshavar
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, United States
| | - Porkizhi Arjunan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 76793, India
| | - Gokulnath Mahalingam
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
| | - Rashmi Praksash Chowath
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 506007, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), UAS-GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
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8
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Gomez-Soler M, Gehring MP, Lechtenberg BC, Zapata-Mercado E, Ruelos A, Matsumoto MW, Hristova K, Pasquale EB. Ligands with different dimeric configurations potently activate the EphA2 receptor and reveal its potential for biased signaling. iScience 2022; 25:103870. [PMID: 35243233 PMCID: PMC8858996 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase activates signaling pathways with different, and sometimes opposite, effects in cancer and other pathologies. Thus, highly specific and potent biased ligands that differentially control EphA2 signaling responses could be therapeutically valuable. Here, we use EphA2-specific monomeric peptides to engineer dimeric ligands with three different geometric configurations to combine a potential ability to differentially modulate EphA2 signaling responses with the high potency and prolonged receptor residence time characteristic of dimeric ligands. The different dimeric peptides readily induce EphA2 clustering, autophosphorylation and signaling, the best with sub-nanomolar potency. Yet, there are differences in two EphA2 signaling responses induced by peptides with different configurations, which exhibit distinct potency and efficacy. The peptides bias signaling when compared with the ephrinA1-Fc ligand and do so via different mechanisms. These findings provide insights into Eph receptor signaling, and proof-of-principle that different Eph signaling responses can be distinctly modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricel Gomez-Soler
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marina P. Gehring
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bernhard C. Lechtenberg
- Ubiquitin Signalling Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Elmer Zapata-Mercado
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Alyssa Ruelos
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mike W. Matsumoto
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kalina Hristova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Elena B. Pasquale
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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9
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Kaplan N, Wang S, Wang J, Yang W, Ventrella R, Majekodunmi A, Perez White BE, Getsios S, Mitchell BJ, Peng H, Lavker RM. Ciliogenesis and autophagy are coordinately regulated by EphA2 in the cornea to maintain proper epithelial architecture. Ocul Surf 2021; 21:193-205. [PMID: 34119713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the relationship between ciliogenesis and autophagy in the corneal epithelium. METHODS siRNAs for EphA2 or PLD1 were used to inhibit protein expression in vitro. Morpholino-anti-EphA2 was used to knockdown EphA2 in Xenopus skin. An EphA2 knockout mouse was used to conduct loss of function studies. Autophagic vacuoles were visualized by contrast light microscopy. Autophagy flux, was measured by LC3 turnover and p62 protein levels. Immunostaining and confocal microscopy were conducted to visualize cilia in cultured cells and in vivo. RESULTS Loss of EphA2 (i) increased corneal epithelial thickness by elevating proliferative potential in wing cells, (ii) reduced the number of ciliated cells, (iii) increased large hollow vacuoles, that could be rescued by BafA1; (iv) inhibited autophagy flux and (v) increased GFP-LC3 puncta in the mouse corneal epithelium. This indicated a role for EphA2 in stratified epithelial assembly via regulation of proliferation as well as a positive role in both ciliogenesis and end-stage autophagy. Inhibition of PLD1, an EphA2 interacting protein that is a critical regulator of end-stage autophagy, reversed the accumulation of vacuoles, and the reduction in the number of ciliated cells due to EphA2 depletion, suggesting EphA2 regulation of both end-stage autophagy and ciliogenesis via PLD1. PLD1 mediated rescue of ciliogenesis by EphA2 depletion was blocked by BafA1, placing autophagy between EphA2 signaling and regulation of ciliogenesis. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate a novel role for EphA2 in regulating both autophagy and ciliogenesis, processes that are essential for proper corneal epithelial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wending Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rosa Ventrella
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ahmed Majekodunmi
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | | | | | - Brian J Mitchell
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Robert M Lavker
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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10
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Billi AC, Gudjonsson JE, Voorhees JJ. Psoriasis: Past, Present, and Future. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 139:e133-e142. [PMID: 31648690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.08.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Allison C Billi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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11
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Tönük ŞB, Yorgancıoğlu ZR. Biomechanical Factors in Psoriatic Disease: Defective Repair Exertion as a Potential Cause. Hypothesis Presentation and Literature Review. ACR Open Rheumatol 2019; 1:452-461. [PMID: 31777825 PMCID: PMC6858026 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Joining main clinical manifestations of psoriatic skin disorder are inflammatory arthritis and nail lesions. Repetitive microdamage has been postulated as a main triggering factor in lesions of psoriatic arthritis. This concept of psoriatic disease might also be admissible for triggering nail lesions because the nail is a frequently traumatized structure. Here, we aimed to describe the conjectural injury mechanisms of nail complex with regard to acting biomechanical factors. Tissue repair response to physical microdamage may be altered in psoriatic disease. It is plausible to consider that a defective repair process in the dysregulated prepsoriatic tissue may lead to innate immune activation and further development of autoinflammatory lesions, although excessive inflammation is known to impair wound healing. Recently published data have revealed the importance of mechanosensitive Wingless-type (Wnt) signaling in the pathophysiology of psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis. The Wnt signaling system is involved in morphogenesis, repair, and regeneration as a biologic process main regulator. Wnt5a seems to be a dominating mediator in both psoriatic plaques and during the spondylitis process that might also be a linking molecule of psoriatic response to mechanical stress. Future studies should focus on complex responsive interactions of tissue repair regulators regarded in psoriatic disease.
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12
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Brewer MG, Yoshida T, Kuo FI, Fridy S, Beck LA, De Benedetto A. Antagonistic Effects of IL-4 on IL-17A-Mediated Enhancement of Epidermal Tight Junction Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174070. [PMID: 31438472 PMCID: PMC6747459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease. AD is typically characterized by skewed T helper (Th) 2 inflammation, yet other inflammatory profiles (Th1, Th17, Th22) have been observed in human patients. How cytokines from these different Th subsets impact barrier function in this disease is not well understood. As such, we investigated the impact of the canonical Th17 cytokine, IL-17A, on barrier function and protein composition in primary human keratinocytes and human skin explants. These studies demonstrated that IL-17A enhanced tight junction formation and function in both systems, with a dependence on STAT3 signaling. Importantly, the Th2 cytokine, IL-4 inhibited the barrier-enhancing effect of IL-17A treatment. These observations propose that IL-17A helps to restore skin barrier function, but this action is antagonized by Th2 cytokines. This suggests that restoration of IL-17/IL-4 ratio in the skin of AD patients may improve barrier function and in so doing improve disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Brewer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Fiona I Kuo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sade Fridy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Anna De Benedetto
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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13
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Liu H, Kang RS, Bagnowski K, Yu JM, Radecki S, Daniel WL, Anderson BR, Nallagatla S, Schook A, Agarwal R, Giljohann DA, Paller AS. Targeting the IL-17 Receptor Using Liposomal Spherical Nucleic Acids as Topical Therapy for Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:435-444.e4. [PMID: 31421125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The activation of T helper 17 signaling plays a critical role in psoriasis pathogenesis, and systemically-administered IL-17 inhibitors are highly effective therapy for moderate-to-severe disease. We generated topically-delivered gene-regulating nanoconstructs, comprised of spherically-arrayed antisense DNA (liposomal spherical nucleic acids [L-SNAs]), which are able to penetrate human skin to knock down cutaneous gene targets. Topically-applied L-SNAs targeting the gene encoding the mouse IL-17A receptor (Il17ra) reversed the development of psoriasis clinically, histologically, and transcriptionally in imiquimod-treated psoriasis-like mouse skin. Il17ra L-SNAs reduced the modified PASI by 74% versus controls and decreased epidermal thickness by 56%. Il17ra L-SNA reduced Il17ra protein expression by 75% and significantly decreased the mRNA expression of psoriasis markers, including Defb4, Il17c, S100a7, Pi3, Krt16, and Tnfa versus scrambled spherical nucleic acid (Scr SNA) controls. A human IL17RA L-SNA penetrates 3-dimensional cultures and normal human explants to knock down IL17RA mRNA by 63% and 66%, respectively. After topical application to psoriatic 3-dimensional rafts, anti-human IL17RA L-SNAs reduced the expression of IL17RA (by 72%) and the IL-17-induced genes IL17C (by 85%), DEFB4 (by 83%), TNFA (by 77%), and PI3 (by 65%) versus scrambled L-SNA and vehicle controls (all P < 0.001). Taken together, these data suggest that targeted suppression of IL17RA is a promising new topical treatment strategy for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Liu
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Katherine Bagnowski
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeong Min Yu
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sara Radecki
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy S Paller
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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14
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Slivka PF, Hsieh CL, Lipovsky A, Pratt SD, Locklear J, Namovic MT, McDonald HA, Wetter J, Edelmayer R, Hu M, Murphy E, Domanus M, Lu C, Duggan R, King J, Scott VE, Donnelly-Roberts D, Slavin A, Gopalakrishnan S, Chung N, Goedken ER. Small Molecule and Pooled CRISPR Screens Investigating IL17 Signaling Identify BRD2 as a Novel Contributor to Keratinocyte Inflammatory Responses. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:857-872. [PMID: 30938974 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-17A (IL17A) plays a critical role in the development of numerous autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis. The clinical success of IL17A neutralizing biologics in psoriasis has underlined its importance as a drug discovery target. While many studies have focused on the differentiation and trafficking of IL17A producing T-helper 17 cells, less is known about IL17A-initiated signaling events in stromal and parenchymal cells leading to psoriatic phenotypes. We sought to discover signaling nodes downstream of IL17A contributing to disease pathogenesis. Using IL17A and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) to stimulate primary human epidermal keratinocytes, we employed two different phenotypic screening approaches. First, a library of ∼22000 annotated compounds was screened for reduced secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokine IL8. Second, a library of 729 kinases was screened in a pooled format by utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 and monitoring IL8 intracellular staining. The highest-ranking novel hits identified in both screens were the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) family proteins and bromodomain-containing protein 2 (BRD2), respectively. Comparison of BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4 silencing with siRNA and CRISPR confirmed that BRD2 was responsible for mediating IL8 production. Pan-BRD inhibitors and BRD2 knockout also reduced IL17A/TNF-mediated CXC motif chemokines 1/2/6 (CXCL1/2/6) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) production. In RNA-Seq analysis, 438 IL17A/TNF dependent genes were reduced in BRD2-deficient primary keratinocytes. KEGG pathway analysis of these genes showed enrichment in TNF signaling and rheumatoid arthritis relevant genes. Moreover, a number of genes important for keratinocyte homeostasis and cornification were dysregulated in BRD2-deficient keratinocytes. In IL17A/TNF/IL22 stimulated three-dimensional organotypic raft cultures, pan-BRD inhibition reduced inflammatory factor production but elicited aberrant cornification, consistent with RNA-Seq analysis. These studies highlight a novel role for BRDs and BRD2 in particular in IL17A-mediated inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Slivka
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Chen-Lin Hsieh
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Alex Lipovsky
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Steven D. Pratt
- Target Enabling Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - John Locklear
- Target Enabling Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
- PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Marian T. Namovic
- Target Enabling Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Heath A. McDonald
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Joseph Wetter
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Rebecca Edelmayer
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Min Hu
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Erin Murphy
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Marc Domanus
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Charles Lu
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Ryan Duggan
- Immuno-Oncology Discovery, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jacob King
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Victoria E. Scott
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Diana Donnelly-Roberts
- Target Enabling Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Anthony Slavin
- Immunology Pharmacology, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Sujatha Gopalakrishnan
- Target Enabling Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Namjin Chung
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Eric R. Goedken
- Discovery Dermatology & Fibrosis, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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15
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Ko H, Hasegawa H, Ochiai T, Shimada K, Roy RR, Aizawa S, Yamada H. Loss of Basal Cell Character in Regenerating Oral Squamous Epithelium with Altered Expression of Desmoglein 1, Desmocollin 3 and Keratin 19. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.28.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokuni Ko
- Department of Oral Pathology, Matsumoto Dental University
- Kou Dental Clinic
| | - Hiromasa Hasegawa
- Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University
- Surgical Pathology Unit of Matsumoto Dental University Hospital
| | - Takanaga Ochiai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Matsumoto Dental University
- Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University
- Surgical Pathology Unit of Matsumoto Dental University Hospital
| | - Katsumitsu Shimada
- Department of Oral Pathology, Matsumoto Dental University
- Surgical Pathology Unit of Matsumoto Dental University Hospital
| | - Rita Rani Roy
- Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University
| | | | - Haruki Yamada
- Department of Oral Pathology, Matsumoto Dental University
- Surgery Unit, Iwaki Kusakidai General Clinic
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16
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Kaplan N, Ventrella R, Peng H, Pal-Ghosh S, Arvanitis C, Rappoport JZ, Mitchell BJ, Stepp MA, Lavker RM, Getsios S. EphA2/Ephrin-A1 Mediate Corneal Epithelial Cell Compartmentalization via ADAM10 Regulation of EGFR Signaling. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59:393-406. [PMID: 29351356 PMCID: PMC5774870 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Progenitor cells of the limbal epithelium reside in a discrete area peripheral to the more differentiated corneal epithelium and maintain tissue homeostasis. What regulates the limbal-corneal epithelial boundary is a major unanswered question. Ephrin-A1 ligand is enriched in the limbal epithelium, whereas EphA2 receptor is concentrated in the corneal epithelium. This reciprocal pattern led us to assess the role of ephrin-A1 and EphA2 in limbal-corneal epithelial boundary organization. Methods EphA2-expressing corneal epithelial cells engineered to express ephrin-A1 were used to study boundary formation in vitro in a manner that mimicked the relative abundance of these juxtamembrane signaling proteins in the limbal and corneal epithelium in vivo. Interaction of these two distinct cell populations following initial seeding into discrete culture compartments was assessed by live cell imaging. Immunofluoresence and immunoblotting was used to evaluate the contribution of downstream growth factor signaling and cell-cell adhesion systems to boundary formation at sites of heterotypic contact between ephrin-A1 and EphA2 expressing cells. Results Ephrin-A1-expressing cells impeded and reversed the migration of EphA2-expressing corneal epithelial cells upon heterotypic contact formation leading to coordinated migration of the two cell populations in the direction of an ephrin-A1-expressing leading front. Genetic silencing and pharmacologic inhibitor studies demonstrated that the ability of ephrin-A1 to direct migration of EphA2-expressing cells depended on an a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway that limited E-cadherin-mediated adhesion at heterotypic boundaries. Conclusions Ephrin-A1/EphA2 signaling complexes play a key role in limbal-corneal epithelial compartmentalization and the response of these tissues to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Rosa Ventrella
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Sonali Pal-Ghosh
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Constadina Arvanitis
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Joshua Z Rappoport
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Brian J Mitchell
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Mary Ann Stepp
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Robert M Lavker
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Spiro Getsios
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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17
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Ventrella R, Kaplan N, Hoover P, Perez White BE, Lavker RM, Getsios S. EphA2 Transmembrane Domain Is Uniquely Required for Keratinocyte Migration by Regulating Ephrin-A1 Levels. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2133-2143. [PMID: 29705292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase is activated by ephrin-A1 ligand, which harbors a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor that enhances lipid raft localization. Although EphA2 and ephrin-A1 modulate keratinocyte migration and differentiation, the ability of this cell-cell communication complex to localize to different membrane regions in keratinocytes remains unknown. Using a combination of biochemical and imaging approaches, we provide evidence that ephrin-A1 and a ligand-activated form of EphA2 partition outside of lipid raft domains in response to calcium-mediated cell-cell contact stabilization in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. EphA2 transmembrane domain swapping with a shorter and molecularly distinct transmembrane domain of EphA1 resulted in decreased localization of this receptor tyrosine kinase at cell-cell junctions and increased expression of ephrin-A1, which is a negative regulator of keratinocyte migration. Accordingly, altered EphA2 membrane distribution at cell-cell contacts limited the ability of keratinocytes to seal linear scratch wounds in vitro in an ephrin-A1-dependent manner. Collectively, these studies highlight a key role for the EphA2 transmembrane domain in receptor-ligand membrane distribution at cell-cell contacts that modulates ephrin-A1 levels to allow for efficient keratinocyte migration with relevance for cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Ventrella
- Department of Dermatology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 9, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nihal Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 9, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul Hoover
- Department of Dermatology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 9, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bethany E Perez White
- Department of Dermatology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 9, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert M Lavker
- Department of Dermatology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 9, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Spiro Getsios
- Department of Dermatology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 9, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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18
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EphB2 receptor tyrosine kinase promotes hepatic fibrogenesis in mice via activation of hepatic stellate cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2532. [PMID: 29416088 PMCID: PMC5803231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is the result of an excessive wound-healing response subsequent to chronic liver injury. A feature of liver fibrogenesis is the secretion and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Here we report that upregulation of EphB2 is a prominent feature of two mouse models of hepatic fibrosis and also observed in humans with liver cirrhosis. EphB2 is upregulated and activated in mouse HSCs following chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) exposure. Moreover, we show that EphB2 deficiency attenuates liver fibrosis and inflammation and this is correlated with an overall reduction in pro-fibrotic markers, inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. In an in vitro system of HSCs activation we observed an impaired proliferation and sub-optimal differentiation into fibrogenic myofibroblasts of HSCs isolated from EphB2-/- mice compared to HSCs isolated from wild type mice. This supports the hypothesis that EphB2 promotes liver fibrosis partly via activation of HSCs. Cellular apoptosis which is generally observed during the regression of liver fibrogenesis was increased in liver specimens of CCl4-treated EphB2-/- mice compared to littermate controls. This data is suggestive of an active repair/regeneration system in the absence of EphB2. Altogether, our data validate this novel pro-fibrotic function of EphB2 receptor tyrosine kinase.
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19
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Liao C, Cheng T, Wang S, Zhang C, Jin L, Yang Y. Shear stress inhibits IL-17A-mediated induction of osteoclastogenesis via osteocyte pathways. Bone 2017; 101:10-20. [PMID: 28414140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17 is crucial to osteoclast differentiation and activation. Osteocytes support osteoclast formation and are thought to orchestrate bone remodeling in response to fluid flow. The contribution of IL-17 to osteocyte-related bone resorption remains unclear. Here, we used the osteocyte-like MLO-Y4 cell line to examine the role of IL-17 and fluid flow in osteoclastogenesis. It was the first time to demonstrate that IL-17A promoted MLO-Y4 cell proliferation, enhanced expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and induced osteoclastogenesis when MLO-Y4 cells were co-cultured with bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMM) cells. Additionally, shear stress upregulated osteoprotegerin expression in osteocytes, downregulated the effect of IL-17A on RANKL and TNF-α expression, and attenuated IL-17A-activated osteoclastic differentiation in the co-culture system of MLO-Y4 and BMM cells. Furthermore, we explored the signaling pathways that potentially mediate these effects in osteocytes, and found that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) pathways were suppressed by IL-17A but induced by fluid flow. EphA2 signaling enhances osteoclastogenesis in osteocytes, and the intercellular reversed EphA2-ephrinA2 signaling from osteocytes to BMM play an important role in IL-17A-dependent osteoclastic differentiation. EphB4 signaling inhibits osteoclastogenesis in osteocytes, and the intercellular reversed EphB4-ephrinB2 signaling from osteocytes to BMM could inhibit IL-17A-dependent osteoclastic differentiation. The current findings suggest that IL-17A as a promoter of bone resorption and fluid shear stress critically regulate bone remodeling via osteocyte-specific signaling pathways. IL-17 modulation-based approaches may be developed as a novel therapeutic strategy for enhancing bone remodeling efficiency and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Liao
- Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianfan Cheng
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanqi Yang
- Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China.
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20
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Finney AC, Funk SD, Green JM, Yurdagul A, Rana MA, Pistorius R, Henry M, Yurochko A, Pattillo CB, Traylor JG, Chen J, Woolard MD, Kevil CG, Orr AW. EphA2 Expression Regulates Inflammation and Fibroproliferative Remodeling in Atherosclerosis. Circulation 2017; 136:566-582. [PMID: 28487392 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.026644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic plaque formation results from chronic inflammation and fibroproliferative remodeling in the vascular wall. We previously demonstrated that both human and mouse atherosclerotic plaques show elevated expression of EphA2, a guidance molecule involved in cell-cell interactions and tumorigenesis. METHODS Here, we assessed the role of EphA2 in atherosclerosis by deleting EphA2 in a mouse model of atherosclerosis (Apoe-/-) and by assessing EphA2 function in multiple vascular cell culture models. After 8 to 16 weeks on a Western diet, male and female mice were assessed for atherosclerotic burden in the large vessels, and plasma lipid levels were analyzed. RESULTS Despite enhanced weight gain and plasma lipid levels compared with Apoe-/- controls, EphA2-/-Apoe-/- knockout mice show diminished atherosclerotic plaque formation, characterized by reduced proinflammatory gene expression and plaque macrophage content. Although plaque macrophages express EphA2, EphA2 deletion does not affect macrophage phenotype, inflammatory responses, and lipid uptake, and bone marrow chimeras suggest that hematopoietic EphA2 deletion does not affect plaque formation. In contrast, endothelial EphA2 knockdown significantly reduces monocyte firm adhesion under flow. In addition, EphA2-/-Apoe-/- mice show reduced progression to advanced atherosclerotic plaques with diminished smooth muscle and collagen content. Consistent with this phenotype, EphA2 shows enhanced expression after smooth muscle transition to a synthetic phenotype, and EphA2 depletion reduces smooth muscle proliferation, mitogenic signaling, and extracellular matrix deposition both in atherosclerotic plaques and in vascular smooth muscle cells in culture. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data identify a novel role for EphA2 in atherosclerosis, regulating both plaque inflammation and progression to advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Cell culture studies suggest that endothelial EphA2 contributes to atherosclerotic inflammation by promoting monocyte firm adhesion, whereas smooth muscle EphA2 expression may regulate the progression to advanced atherosclerosis by regulating smooth muscle proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Finney
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Steven D Funk
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Jonette M Green
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Arif Yurdagul
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Mohammad Atif Rana
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Rebecca Pistorius
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Miriam Henry
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Andrew Yurochko
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Christopher B Pattillo
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - James G Traylor
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Jin Chen
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Matthew D Woolard
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.)
| | - A Wayne Orr
- From Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy (A.C.F., S.D.F., J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, C.G.K., A.W.O.), Pathology and Translational Pathobiology (J.M.G., A. Yurdagul, R.P., M.H., J.G.T., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Cardiology (M.A.R.), Microbiology and Immunology (A. Yurochko, M.D.W.), and Molecular and Cellular Physiology (C.B.P., C.G.K., A.W.O.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport; Departments of Cancer Biology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.C.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.C.).
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21
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Perez White BE, Ventrella R, Kaplan N, Cable CJ, Thomas PM, Getsios S. EphA2 proteomics in human keratinocytes reveals a novel association with afadin and epidermal tight junctions. J Cell Sci 2016; 130:111-118. [PMID: 27815408 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.188169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
EphA2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that helps to maintain epidermal tissue homeostasis. A proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) approach was used to identify proteins in close proximity to EphA2 within primary human keratinocytes and three-dimensional (3D) reconstituted human epidermis (RHE) cultures to map a putative protein interaction network for this membrane receptor that exhibits a polarized distribution in stratified epithelia. Although a subset of known EphA2 interactors were identified in the BioID screen, >97% were uniquely detected in keratinocytes with over 50% of these vicinal proteins only present in 3D human epidermal culture. Afadin (AFDN), a cytoskeletal and junction-associated protein, was present in 2D and 3D keratinocyte cultures, and validated as a so-far-unknown EphA2-interacting protein. Loss of EphA2 protein disrupted the subcellular distribution of afadin and occludin in differentiated keratinocytes, leading to impairment of tight junctions. Collectively, these studies illustrate the use of the BioID approach in order to map receptor interaction networks in 3D human epithelial cultures, and reveal a positive regulatory role for EphA2 in the organization of afadin and epidermal tight junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Ventrella
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nihal Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Calvin J Cable
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Paul M Thomas
- Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Spiro Getsios
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA .,Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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22
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Nissinen L, Farshchian M, Riihilä P, Kähäri VM. New perspectives on role of tumor microenvironment in progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:691-702. [PMID: 27411692 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocyte-derived cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common metastatic skin cancer, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Solar UV radiation is an important risk factor for cSCC and leads to genetic and epigenetic changes both in epidermal keratinocytes and dermal cells. Tumor cells in cutaneous cSCCs typically harbor several driver gene mutations, but epidermal keratinocytes in sun-exposed normal skin also contain mutations in these same genes. Therefore, alterations in the microenvironment of premalignant lesions are evidently required for their progression to invasive and metastatic cSCC. For example, alterations in the composition of basement membrane and dermal extracellular matrix are early events in cSCC progression. The presence of microbial structures and the influx of inflammatory cells promote the secretion of proteases, which in turn regulate the availability of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines and thus influence the growth and invasion of cSCC. Together, these observations emphasize the role of the tumor microenvironment in the progression of cSCC and identify it as a novel therapeutic target in cSCC and other malignant tumors. Graphical abstract Tumor-stroma interactions in the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Epidermal layer is separated by a well-organized basement membrane (BM) from the dermal layer. UV radiation, other environmental insults, and aging target both epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts and lead to genetic and epigenetic changes in these cells. In addition, epidermal keratinocytes in normal sun-exposed skin harbor several mutations in the cSCC driver genes. During transition to premalignant actinic keratosis (AK), the differentiation of keratinocytes is disturbed resulting in a neoplastic epithelium with hyperplastic cells. Expression of proteinases, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) by neoplastic cells and activated stromal fibroblasts and macrophages is induced in AK, and collagen XV and XVIII are lost from the dermal BM. Furthermore, inflammatory cells accumulate at the site of the hyperplastic epithelium. During a later stage of cSCC progression, the number of inflammatory cells increases, and the expression of complement components and inhibitors by tumor cells is induced (CFI complement factor I, CFH complement factor H, FHL-1 Factor H-like protein 1). In addition to MMPs, activated fibroblasts also produce growth factors and promote inflammation, growth, and invasion of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Nissinen
- The Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O.B 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mehdi Farshchian
- The Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O.B 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pilvi Riihilä
- The Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O.B 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kähäri
- The Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, P.O.B 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland. .,MediCity Research Laboratory University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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23
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D'Amico F, Skarmoutsou E, Granata M, Trovato C, Rossi GA, Mazzarino MC. S100A7: A rAMPing up AMP molecule in psoriasis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 32:97-104. [PMID: 26872860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
S100A7 (psoriasin), an EF-hand type calcium binding protein localized in epithelial cells, regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. An S100A7 overexpression may occur in response to inflammatory stimuli, such in psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory autoimmune-mediated skin disease. Increasing evidence suggests that S100A7 plays critical roles in amplifying the inflammatory process in psoriatic skin, perpetuating the disease phenotype. This review will discuss the interactions between S100A7 and cytokines in psoriatic skin. Furthermore, we will focus our discussion on regulation and functions of S100A7 in psoriasis. Finally, we will discuss the possible use of S100A7 as therapeutic target in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio D'Amico
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Evangelia Skarmoutsou
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Mariagrazia Granata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Chiara Trovato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Giulio Antonino Rossi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
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24
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Wijeratne DT, Rodger J, Wood FM, Fear MW. The role of Eph receptors and Ephrins in the skin. Int J Dermatol 2015; 55:3-10. [PMID: 26498559 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Eph receptors and Ephrin ligands are widely expressed in the skin. Various studies have been carried out to identify the effects of these molecules on many aspects of skin development. Here we summarize the literature that has identified roles for Eph receptors and Ephrins in the skin, focusing mainly on the epidermis, hair follicles, and cutaneous innervation. This review may help direct and focus further investigations into the role of Eph receptors and Ephrins in the development, maintenance, and repair processes in cutaneous biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulharie T Wijeratne
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jennifer Rodger
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Fiona Wood Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Fiona Wood Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
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25
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Abstract
Epithelial cells are tightly coupled together through specialized intercellular junctions, including adherens junctions, desmosomes, tight junctions, and gap junctions. A growing body of evidence suggests epithelial cells also directly exchange information at cell-cell contacts via the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane-associated ephrin ligands. Ligand-dependent and -independent signaling via Eph receptors as well as reverse signaling through ephrins impact epithelial tissue homeostasis by organizing stem cell compartments and regulating cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, differentiation, and survival. This review focuses on breast, gut, and skin epithelia as representative examples for how Eph receptors and ephrins modulate diverse epithelial cell responses in a context-dependent manner. Abnormal Eph receptor and ephrin signaling is implicated in a variety of epithelial diseases raising the intriguing possibility that this cell-cell communication pathway can be therapeutically harnessed to normalize epithelial function in pathological settings like cancer or chronic inflammation.
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Key Words
- ADAM, a disintegrin and metalloprotease
- Apc, adenomatous polyposis coli
- Breast
- ER, estrogen receptor
- Eph receptor
- Eph, erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular
- Erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- GEF, guanine nucleotide exchange factor
- GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol
- HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- KLF, Krüppel-like factor
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MMTV-LTR, mouse mammary tumor virus-long terminal repeat
- MT1-MMP, membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase
- PDZ, postsynaptic density protein 95, discs large 1, and zonula occludens-1
- PTP, protein tyrosine phosphatase
- RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase
- SH2, Src homology 2
- SHIP2, SH2 inositol phosphatase 2
- SLAP, Src-like adaptor protein
- TCF, T-cell specific transcription factor
- TEB, terminal end bud
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α.
- cell-cell
- ephrin
- epithelial
- intestine
- receptor tyrosine kinase
- skin
- stem cell
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26
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Tadeu AMB, Lin S, Hou L, Chung L, Zhong M, Zhao H, Horsley V. Transcriptional profiling of ectoderm specification to keratinocyte fate in human embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122493. [PMID: 25849374 PMCID: PMC4388500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have shed light into the processes that regulate epidermal specification and homeostasis. We previously showed that a broad-spectrum γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT promoted early keratinocyte specification in human embryonic stem cells triggered to undergo ectoderm specification. Here, we show that DAPT accelerates human embryonic stem cell differentiation and induces expression of the ectoderm protein AP2. Furthermore, we utilize RNA sequencing to identify several candidate regulators of ectoderm specification including those involved in epithelial and epidermal development in human embryonic stem cells. Genes associated with transcriptional regulation and growth factor activity are significantly enriched upon DAPT treatment during specification of human embryonic stem cells to the ectoderm lineage. The human ectoderm cell signature identified in this study contains several genes expressed in ectodermal and epithelial tissues. Importantly, these genes are also associated with skin disorders and ectodermal defects, providing a platform for understanding the biology of human epidermal keratinocyte development under diseased and homeostatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mafalda Baptista Tadeu
- Yale University, Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States of America
| | - Samantha Lin
- Yale University, Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States of America
| | - Lin Hou
- Yale University, Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, United States of America
| | - Lisa Chung
- Yale University, Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, United States of America
| | - Mei Zhong
- Yale University, Yale Stem Cell Center, Genomics Facility, New Haven, CT, 06520, United States of America
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Yale University, Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, United States of America
| | - Valerie Horsley
- Yale University, Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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EphB2 Promotes Progression of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1882-1892. [PMID: 25789706 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Keratinocyte-derived skin cancer, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), is the most common metastatic skin cancer. We have examined the role of Eph/ephrin signaling in the progression of cSCC. Analysis of the expression of EPH and EFN families in cSCC cells and normal epidermal keratinocytes revealed overexpression of EPHB2 mRNA in cSCC cells and cSCC tumors in vivo. Tumor cell-specific overexpression of EphB2 was detected in human cSCCs and in chemically induced mouse cSCCs with immunohistochemistry, whereas the expression of EphB2 was low in premalignant lesions and normal skin. Knockdown of EphB2 expression in cSCC cells suppressed growth and vascularization of cSCC xenografts in vivo and inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of cSCC cells in culture. EphB2 knockdown downregulated expression of genes associated with biofunctions cell viability, migration of tumor cells, and invasion of tumor cells. Among the genes most downregulated by EphB2 knockdown were MMP1 and MMP13. Moreover, activation of EphB2 signaling by ephrin-B2-Fc enhanced production of invasion proteinases matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) and MMP1, and invasion of cSCC cells. These findings provide mechanistic evidence for the role of EphB2 in the early progression of cSCC to the invasive stage and identify EphB2 as a putative therapeutic target in this invasive skin cancer.
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Abstract
The erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma (Eph) receptor tyrosine kinase family plays important roles in developmental processes, adult tissue homeostasis, and various diseases. Interaction with Eph receptor-interacting protein (ephrin) ligands on the surface of neighboring cells triggers Eph receptor kinase-dependent signaling. The ephrins can also transmit signals, leading to bidirectional cell contact-dependent communication. Moreover, Eph receptors and ephrins can function independently of each other through interplay with other signaling systems. Given their involvement in many pathological conditions ranging from neurological disorders to cancer and viral infections, Eph receptors and ephrins are increasingly recognized as attractive therapeutic targets, and various strategies are being explored to modulate their expression and function. Eph receptor/ephrin upregulation in cancer cells, the angiogenic vasculature, and injured or diseased tissues also offer opportunities for Eph/ephrin-based targeted drug delivery and imaging. Thus, despite the challenges presented by the complex biology of the Eph receptor/ephrin system, exciting possibilities exist for therapies exploiting these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barquilla
- Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; ,
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Staumont-Sallé D. [What's new in dermatological research?]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2013; 140 Suppl 3:S254-62. [PMID: 24365497 DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(13)70141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In 2013, news from research has clearly shown that dermatology is bound to occupy a more important place in fundamental research. Among these evidences are an increasing number of papers devoted to "Skin" in journals with the highest impact factors and the excellence of the scientific program of the International Investigative Dermatology Meeting held in May in Edinburgh. This paper outlines a selection of scientific works published between September 2012 and August 2013 or presented as communications at the IID Meeting. This selection was made based on the quality of methods used by the authors to obtain results, and on the impact of these scientific results in terms of pathophysiological and therapeutical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Staumont-Sallé
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Claude-Huriez, CHRU de Lille, France; Université Lille 2, Inserm U1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France.
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Peng H, Katsnelson J, Yang W, Brown MA, Lavker RM. FIH-1/c-kit signaling: a novel contributor to corneal epithelial glycogen metabolism. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013; 54:2781-6. [PMID: 23548624 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.12-11512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Corneal epithelial cells have large stores of glycogen, which serve as their primary energy source. Recently, we demonstrated that factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (FIH-1) diminished glycogen stores in vitro and in vivo, working through the Akt/Glycogen Synthase Kinase (GSK)-3β pathway. In this study we investigated the relationship between FIH-1 and c-kit as it pertains to limbal and corneal epithelial glycogen stores. METHODS Limbal and corneal epithelia from wild-type FIH-1(-/-) and Kit(W/Wv) mice were stained with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) to detect glycogen. RNA samples prepared from laser-capture microdissected populations of limbal epithelium were subjected to real-time quantitative PCR to determine c-kit ligand expression. Submerged cultures of primary human corneal epithelial keratinocytes (HCEKs) transduced with FIH-1 were treated with c-kit ligand to establish further a FIH-1/c-kit interaction via Western analysis. Akt phosphorylation was assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS The limbal epithelial cells of FIH-1 null mice had an increase in glycogen levels as well as increased c-kit ligand mRNA compared with wild-type controls. Consistent with a FIH-1/c-kit association, the diminished Akt signaling observed in FIH-1-overexpressing HCEKs could be restored by the addition of c-kit ligand. Interestingly, Akt signaling and glycogen content of the corneal epithelium were significantly decreased in c-kit mutant mice. CONCLUSIONS c-Kit signaling has been shown to affect glucose metabolism via the Akt/GSK-3β pathway. An inverse relationship between FIH-1 and c-kit signaling pathways accounts, in part, for differences in glycogen content between corneal and limbal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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