1
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Sakamoto A, Uchiyama T, Kaname T, Iguchi A, Ohara O, Ishimura M, Onum M, Kunishima S, Ishiguro A. Diagnostic delay of MYH9-related disorder in Japan. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:2400-2404. [PMID: 38650331 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
MYH9-related disorder (MYH9-RD) is characterized by congenital macrothrombocytopenia and granulocyte inclusion bodies. MYH9-RD is often misdiagnosed as chronic immune thrombocytopenia. In this study, we investigated age at definitive diagnosis and indicative thrombocytopenia in 41 patients with MYH9-RD from the congenital thrombocytopenia registry in Japan. Our cohort comprises 54.8% adults over 18 years at confirmed diagnosis. We found a significant difference (p < 0.0001) between the median age at definitive diagnosis of 25.0 years and for indicative thrombocytopenia it was 9.0 years. Our findings strongly suggest diagnostic delay of MYH9-RD in Japan. Our registry system will continue to contribute to this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sakamoto
- Center for Postgraduate Education and Training, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Haematology, NCCHD, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Ishimura
- Department of Paediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaei Onum
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Gifu University of Medical Science, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akira Ishiguro
- Center for Postgraduate Education and Training, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Haematology, NCCHD, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Schindler M, Endlich N. Zebrafish as a model for podocyte research. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F369-F381. [PMID: 38205541 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00335.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Podocytes, specialized postmitotic cells, are central players in various kidney-related diseases. Zebrafish have become a valuable model system for studying podocyte biology because they are genetically easy to manipulate, transparent, and their glomerular structure is similar to that of mammals. This review provides an overview of the knowledge of podocyte biology in zebrafish larvae, with particular focus on their essential contribution to understanding the mechanisms that underlie kidney diseases as well as supporting drug development. In addition, special attention is given to advances in live-imaging techniques allowing the observation of dynamic processes, including podocyte motility, podocyte process behavior, and glomerulus maturation. The review further addresses the functional aspects of podocytes in zebrafish larvae. This includes topics such as glomerular filtration, ultrastructural analyses, and evaluation of podocyte response to nephrotoxic insults. Studies presented in this context have provided important insights into the maintenance and resistance of the glomerular filtration barrier in zebrafish larvae and explored the potential transferability of these findings to mammals such as mice, rats, and most importantly, humans. The recent ability to identify potential therapeutic targets represents a promising new way to identify drugs that could effectively treat podocyte-associated glomerulopathies in humans. In summary, this review gives an overview about the importance of zebrafish as a model for podocyte-related disease and targeted drug development. It also highlights the key role of advanced imaging techniques in transparent zebrafish larvae, improving our understanding of glomerular diseases and the significant potential for translation of these findings to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicole Endlich
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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3
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Shirai Y, Miura K, Hamada R, Ishikura K, Kunishima S, Hattori M. A nationwide survey of MYH9-related disease in Japan. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:40-49. [PMID: 37733142 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is characterized by congenital macrothrombocytopenia, Döhle body-like granulocyte inclusions, and nephropathy, which may progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, information on the effects of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors on kidney survival is currently lacking and the outcomes of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in MYH9-RD are largely unknown. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional nationwide survey by sending questionnaires to 145 institutions in Japan and analyzed data for 49 patients. RESULTS The median patient age was 27 years. Genetic analysis was performed in 37 (76%) patients. Twenty-four patients (65%) had MYH9 variants affecting the motor domain of non-muscle myosin heavy chain-IIA, and these patients had poorer kidney survival than those with variants affecting the tail domain (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in kidney survival between patients treated with and without RAS inhibitors. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis were performed in 16 and 7 patients, respectively. There were no major bleeding complications during the perioperative period or during follow-up, except for one patient. Most of the 11 patients who underwent kidney transplantation required perioperative red cell concentrate transfusions, but there was no graft loss during the median posttransplant observational period of 2.0 (interquartile range, 1.3-6.8) years. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated no beneficial effect of RAS inhibitors on kidney function in patients with MYH9-RD, indicating the need for further studies with more patients. All modalities of KRT are feasible options for MYH9-RD patients who progress to ESKD, with adequate attention to bleeding complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shirai
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Riku Hamada
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishikura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- School of Health Science, Gifu University of Medical Science, Seki, Japan
| | - Motoshi Hattori
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-Cho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
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4
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Nakamura M, Miura K, Shirai Y, Ishizuka K, Nakamura T, Segawa O, Kunishima S, Hattori M. Successful administration of eltrombopag in preparation for peritoneal dialysis catheter placement in a girl with MYH9-related disease. CEN Case Rep 2023; 12:419-422. [PMID: 37000325 PMCID: PMC10620370 DOI: 10.1007/s13730-023-00786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MYH9-related disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by macrothrombocytopenia, nephropathy, inclusion bodies in leukocytes, sensorineural hearing loss, and cataract. Severe cases require kidney replacement therapy in the patient's second decade of life; thrombocytopenia constitutes a major risk factor for hemorrhagic complications during dialysis initiation or kidney transplantation. Prophylactic platelet transfusion prior to surgery is commonly administered to affected patients in these cases. However, transfusion in such patients has limitations other than the general risk of allergic reactions and blood-borne infections; it may also trigger alloimmunization, leading to platelet transfusion resistance or the development of anti-donor antibodies in potential kidney transplant recipients. Here, we describe prophylactic administration of eltrombopag, an oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist, prior to laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter placement in a 15-year-old girl with MYH9-related disease. Her platelet count was approximately 30 × 103/μL at baseline; it increased to 61 × 103/μL on the day before surgery, thereby avoiding the need for platelet transfusions. There were no major bleeding or adverse events associated with eltrombopag administration. Thus, eltrombopag may be a safe and effective alternative to prophylactic platelet transfusions in patients with MYH9-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Nakamura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Shirai
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Ishizuka
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Odawara Municipal Hospital, 46, Kuno, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Osamu Segawa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Gifu University of Medical Science, 795-1 Nagamine Ichihiraga, Seki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Motoshi Hattori
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Li X, Wang W, Ni X, Cheng D, Chen J. Successful living-related kidney transplantation in MYH9-related disorder with macrothrombocytopenia: lessons for the clinical nephrologist. J Nephrol 2023:10.1007/s40620-023-01651-7. [PMID: 37258992 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Ni
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongrui Cheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinsong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Yamamura Y, Iwata Y, Furuichi K, Kato T, Yamamoto N, Horikoshi K, Ogura H, Sato K, Oshima M, Nakagawa S, Miyagawa T, Kitajima S, Toyama T, Hara A, Sakai N, Shimizu M, Horike S, Daikoku T, Nishinakamura R, Wada T. Kif26b contributes to the progression of interstitial fibrosis via migration and myofibroblast differentiation in renal fibroblast. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22606. [PMID: 36250931 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200355r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Kinesin family member 26b (Kif26b) is essential for kidney development, and its deletion in mice leads to kidney agenesis. However, the roles of this gene in adult settings remain elusive. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of Kif26b in the progression of renal fibrosis. A renal fibrosis model with adenine administration using Kif26b heterozygous mice and wild-type mice was established. Renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanism were investigated. The underlying pathways and functions of Kif26b were evaluated in an in vitro model using primary renal fibroblasts. Kif26b heterozygous mice were protected from renal fibrosis with adenine administration. Renal expressions of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and myofibroblast accumulation were reduced in Kif26b heterozygous mice. The expression of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II (NMHCII), which binds to the C-terminus of Kif26b protein, was also suppressed in Kif26b heterozygous mice. The in vitro study revealed reduced expressions of CTGF, α-smooth muscle actin, and myosin heavy chain 9 (Myh9) via transfection with siRNAs targeting Kif26b in renal fibroblasts (RFB). RFBs, which were transfected by the expression vector of Kif26b, demonstrated higher expressions of these genes than non-transfected cells. Finally, Kif26b suppression and NMHCII blockage led to reduced abilities of migration and collagen gel contraction in renal fibroblasts. Taken together, Kif26b contributes to the progression of interstitial fibrosis via migration and myofibroblast differentiation through Myh9 in the renal fibrosis model. Blockage of this pathway at appropriate timing might be a therapeutic approach for renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamamura
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kengo Furuichi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kato
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horikoshi
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Ogura
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Megumi Oshima
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shiori Nakagawa
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Miyagawa
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitajima
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kahoku, Japan
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Horike
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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7
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Liang W, Wang L, Zheng W, Han S, Peng KA. Heterozygous MYH9 Mutations in 2 Children With Cochlear Nerve Canal Stenosis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2022:1455613221135644. [PMID: 36282680 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221135644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
MYH9 is a gene that encodes for a subunit of the myosin heavy chain IIA protein. Mutations in MYH9 are associated with hematologic abnormalities, renal dysfunction, and hearing loss. Bony cochlear nerve canal stenosis (CNCS), which is diagnosed on computed tomography (CT) imaging, has been associated with congenital deafness, cochlear nerve aplasia/hypoplasia, and inner ear malformations. We report two cases of CNCS presenting with profound congenital hearing loss whom we diagnosed with mutations in MYH9 and discuss the genotype-phenotype association and implications for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Line Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenrui Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuguang Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kevin A Peng
- House Clinic and House Institute Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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8
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A gain-of-function variant in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome gene is associated with a MYH9-related disease-like syndrome. Blood Adv 2022; 6:5279-5284. [PMID: 35404999 PMCID: PMC9631694 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The gain-of-function p.I294T variant in WASp causes a disease combining neutropenia, macrothrombocytopenia, proteinuria, and renal failure. The expanded phenotypic spectrum associated with gain-of-function WAS variants supports renal function assessment in these patients.
While loss-of-function variants in the WAS gene are associated with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and lead to microthrombocytopenia, gain-of-function variants of WAS are associated with X-linked neutropenia (XLN) and the absence of microthrombocytopenia. Only a few XLN families have been reported so far, and their platelet phenotype was not described in detail. To date, no renal involvement was described in XLN. In the present study, we report exome sequencing of individuals from 3 generations of a family with a dominant disease combining neutropenia, macrothrombocytopenia, and renal failure. We identified a heterozygous missense gain-of-function variant in the WAS gene (c.881T>C, p.I294T) that segregates with the disease and is already known to cause XLN. There was no pathogenic variant in MYH9, TUBB1, or ACTN1. This is the first report of a WAS gain-of-function variant associated with both the hematological phenotype of XLN (neutropenia, macrothrombocytopenia) and renal disease (proteinuria, renal failure) with glomerular tip lesion hyalinosis and actin condensations in effaced podocytes foot processes.
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9
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Characterization of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Patients With MYH9-Related Disease. Otol Neurotol 2021; 43:e298-e308. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Shimizu S, Morohashi T, Takahashi Y, Takahashi S, Morioka I. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy in a patient with an MYH9 -related disorder. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1398-1400. [PMID: 34383333 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Shimizu
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamaki Morohashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuno Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shori Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Itabashi Central Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Li Q, Gulati A, Lemaire M, Nottoli T, Bale A, Tufro A. Rho-GTPase Activating Protein myosin MYO9A identified as a novel candidate gene for monogenic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int 2021; 99:1102-1117. [PMID: 33412162 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a podocytopathy leading to kidney failure, whose molecular cause frequently remains unresolved. Here, we describe a rare MYO9A loss of function nonsense heterozygous mutation (p.Arg701∗) as a possible contributor to disease in a sibling pair with familial FSGS/proteinuria. MYO9A variants of uncertain significance were identified by whole exome sequencing in a cohort of 94 biopsy proven patients with FSGS. MYO9A is an unconventional myosin with a Rho-GAP domain that controls epithelial cell junction assembly, crosslinks and bundles actin and deactivates the small GTPase protein encoded by the RHOA gene. RhoA activity is associated with cytoskeleton regulation of actin stress fiber formation and actomyosin contractility. Myo9A was detected in mouse and human podocytes in vitro and in vivo. Knockin mice carrying the p.Arg701∗MYO9A (Myo9AR701X) generated by gene editing developed proteinuria, podocyte effacement and FSGS. Kidneys and podocytes from Myo9AR701X/+ mutant mice revealed Myo9A haploinsufficiency, increased RhoA activity, decreased Myo9A-actin-calmodulin interaction, impaired podocyte attachment and migration. Our results indicate that Myo9A is a novel component of the podocyte cytoskeletal apparatus that regulates RhoA activity and podocyte function. Thus, Myo9AR701X/+ knock-in mice recapitulate the proband FSGS phenotype, demonstrate that p.R701X Myo9A is an FSGS-causing mutation in mice and suggest that heterozygous loss-of-function MYO9A mutations may cause a novel form of human autosomal dominant FSGS. Hence, identification of MYO9A pathogenic variants in additional individuals with familial or sporadic FSGS is needed to ascertain the gene contribution to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Section, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ashima Gulati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Section, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mathieu Lemaire
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Timothy Nottoli
- Yale Gene Editing Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Allen Bale
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alda Tufro
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Section, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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12
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Pecci A, Balduini CL. Inherited thrombocytopenias: an updated guide for clinicians. Blood Rev 2020; 48:100784. [PMID: 33317862 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The great advances in the knowledge of inherited thrombocytopenias (ITs) made since the turn of the century have significantly changed our view of these conditions. To date, ITs encompass 45 disorders with different degrees of complexity of the clinical picture and very wide variability in the prognosis. They include forms characterized by thrombocytopenia alone, forms that present with other congenital defects, and conditions that predispose to acquire additional diseases over the course of life. In this review, we recapitulate the clinical features of ITs with emphasis on the forms predisposing to additional diseases. We then discuss the key issues for a rational approach to the diagnosis of ITs in clinical practice. Finally, we aim to provide an updated and comprehensive guide to the treatment of ITs, including the management of hemostatic challenges, the treatment of severe forms, and the approach to the manifestations that add to thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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13
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Otterpohl KL, Busselman BW, Ratnayake I, Hart RG, Hart KR, Evans CM, Phillips CL, Beach JR, Ahrenkiel P, Molitoris BA, Surendran K, Chandrasekar I. Conditional Myh9 and Myh10 inactivation in adult mouse renal epithelium results in progressive kidney disease. JCI Insight 2020; 5:138530. [PMID: 33001861 PMCID: PMC7710296 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Actin-associated nonmuscle myosin II (NM2) motor proteins play critical roles in a myriad of cellular functions, including endocytosis and organelle transport pathways. Cell type–specific expression and unique subcellular localization of the NM2 proteins, encoded by the Myh9 and Myh10 genes, in the mouse kidney tubules led us to hypothesize that these proteins have specialized functional roles within the renal epithelium. Inducible conditional knockout (cKO) of Myh9 and Myh10 in the renal tubules of adult mice resulted in progressive kidney disease. Prior to overt renal tubular injury, we observed intracellular accumulation of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein uromodulin (UMOD) and gradual loss of Na+ K+ 2Cl– cotransporter from the apical membrane of the thick ascending limb epithelia. The UMOD accumulation coincided with expansion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules and activation of ER stress and unfolded protein response pathways in Myh9&10-cKO kidneys. We conclude that NM2 proteins are required for localization and transport of UMOD and loss of function results in accumulation of UMOD and ER stress–mediated progressive renal tubulointerstitial disease. These observations establish cell type–specific role(s) for NM2 proteins in regulation of specialized renal epithelial transport pathways and reveal the possibility that human kidney disease associated with MYH9 mutations could be of renal epithelial origin. Adult mouse renal epithelium specific knockout of Myh9 and Myh10 genes result in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla L Otterpohl
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Brook W Busselman
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.,Basic Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | - Ishara Ratnayake
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA
| | - Ryan G Hart
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Kimberly R Hart
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Claire M Evans
- Histology and Imaging Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Carrie L Phillips
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jordan R Beach
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Phil Ahrenkiel
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA
| | - Bruce A Molitoris
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kameswaran Surendran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.,Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Indra Chandrasekar
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
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14
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Pazik J, Oldak M, Oziębło D, Materkowska DD, Sadowska A, Malejczyk J, Durlik M. Effect of donor non-muscle myosin heavy chain (MYH9) gene polymorphisms on clinically relevant kidney allograft dysfunction. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:380. [PMID: 32873246 PMCID: PMC7465840 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-02039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite its established association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) the role of myosin-9 (MYH9) gene variation on transplanted kidney function remains unknown. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of donor MYH9 nephrogenic variants on renal allograft function within the first post transplantation year. Methods In the longitudinal kidney transplant study 207 deceased donors were genotyped for previously known risk MYH9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The predictor was MYH9 high–risk variants status. The primary outcome was mean eGFR found in low vs. high risk MYH9 genotypes between third and twelfth post-transplant month, the secondary outcome was the risk of proteinuria. Results Distribution of genotypes remained in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The T allele of rs3752462 (dominant model, TT or TC vs. CC) was associated with higher filtration rate (P = 0.05) in a multivariate analysis after adjusting for delayed graft function and donor sex. Two G alleles of rs136211 (recessive model, GG vs. GA or AA) resulted in doubling the risk of proteinuria (OR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.18–4.37, P = 0.017) after adjusting for donor and recipient sex. Conclusion Deceased donor kidneys of European descent harboring MYH9 SNPs rs3752462 T allele show significantly superior estimated filtration rate while those of rs136211 GG genotype excessive risk of proteinuria. These findings, if replicated, may further inform and improve individualization of allocation and treatment policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pazik
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Oldak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Oziębło
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Dęborska Materkowska
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sadowska
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Malejczyk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Durlik
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Chen X, Gao YQ, Zheng YY, Wang W, Wang P, Liang J, Zhao W, Tao T, Sun J, Wei L, Li Y, Zhou Y, Gan Z, Zhang X, Chen HQ, Zhu MS. The intragenic microRNA miR199A1 in the dynamin 2 gene contributes to the pathology of X-linked centronuclear myopathy. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8656-8667. [PMID: 32354746 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the myotubularin 1 (MTM1) gene can cause the fatal disease X-linked centronuclear myopathy (XLCNM), but the underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. In this report, using an Mtm1 -/y disease model, we found that expression of the intragenic microRNA miR-199a-1 is up-regulated along with that of its host gene, dynamin 2 (Dnm2), in XLCNM skeletal muscle. To assess the role of miR-199a-1 in XLCNM, we crossed miR-199a-1 -/- with Mtm1 -/y mice and found that the resultant miR-199a-1-Mtm1 double-knockout mice display markers of improved health, as evidenced by lifespans prolonged by 30% and improved muscle strength and histology. Mechanistic analyses showed that miR-199a-1 directly targets nonmuscle myosin IIA (NM IIA) expression and, hence, inhibits muscle postnatal development as well as muscle maturation. Further analysis revealed that increased expression and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) up-regulates Dnm2/miR-199a-1 expression in XLCNM muscle. Our results suggest that miR-199a-1 has a critical role in XLCNM pathology and imply that this microRNA could be targeted in therapies to manage XLCNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Qian Gao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development at the School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lisha Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yeqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenji Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuena Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hua-Qun Chen
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Min-Sheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study and the Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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16
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Zhou H, Xu PP, Li MJ, Liu L, Ding BJ, Liu JP, Zhao HF, Zhou KS, Song YP. [MYH9 related disease with thrombocytopenia: a case report and literature review]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:334-335. [PMID: 32447941 PMCID: PMC7364931 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - P P Xu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - M J Li
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - B J Ding
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - J P Liu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - H F Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - K S Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Y P Song
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital (The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450008, China
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17
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Two Cases of the MYH9 Disorder Fechtner Syndrome Diagnosed from Observation of Peripheral Blood Cells before End-Stage Renal Failure. Case Rep Nephrol 2019; 2019:5149762. [PMID: 31885961 PMCID: PMC6899327 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5149762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a MYH9 disorder, Fechtner syndrome is characterized by nephritis, giant platelets, granulocyte inclusion bodies (Döhle-like bodies), cataract, and sensorineural deafness. Observation of peripheral blood smear for the presence of thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and granulocyte inclusion bodies (Döhle-like bodies) is highly important for the early diagnosis of MYH9 disorders. In our two cases, sequencing analysis of the MYH9 gene indicated mutations in exon 24. Both cases were diagnosed as the MYH9 disorders Fechtner syndrome before end-stage renal failure on the basis of the observation of peripheral blood smear.
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18
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Tanaka M, Miki S, Saita H, Shimada H, Nishikawa S, Taniguchi K, Hagihara K, Iwanari S, Ikeda M, Kunishima S, Takeoka H. Renin-angiotensin System Blockade Therapy for Early Renal Involvement in MYH9-related Disease with an E1841K Mutation. Intern Med 2019; 58:2983-2988. [PMID: 31243205 PMCID: PMC6859379 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2997-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MYH9-related disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by macrothrombocytopenia, with frequent proteinuric nephropathy, hearing loss, and cataract. Although proteinuric nephropathy usually progresses to renal failure, there is no established treatment for the nephropathy. We herein describe the case of a 19-year-old man carrying an E1841K MYH9 mutation, who developed persistent proteinuria. The patient was diagnosed with early-stage MYH9-related nephropathy based on the histological examination of a kidney biopsy specimen. The patient was treated with enalapril, which significantly reduced the proteinuria with no decline in his renal function. The early administration of renin-angiotensin system blockade therapy may have beneficial effects on MYH9-related nephropathy in patients with E1841K mutations. We also briefly summarize previously published cases of MYH9-related nephropathy treated with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Sho Miki
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Hirona Saita
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimada
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Seira Nishikawa
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Keisuke Taniguchi
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hagihara
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Sachio Iwanari
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- Department of Advanced Diagnosis, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Japan
- Department of Medical Technology, Gifu University of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeoka
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Japan
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19
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Crajoinas RO, Polidoro JZ, Girardi ACC. The potential role of myosin motor proteins in mediating the subcellular distribution of NHE3 in the renal proximal tubule. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F986-F992. [PMID: 30864843 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00577.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoform 3 of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) is responsible for the majority of the reabsorption of NaCl, NaHCO3, and, consequently, water in the renal proximal tubule. As such, this transporter plays an essential role in acid-base balance and extracellular fluid volume homeostasis and determining systemic arterial blood pressure levels. NHE3 activity is modulated by a number of mechanisms, including the redistribution of the transporter between the body of the microvilli (where NHE3 is active) and the base of the microvilli (where NHE3 is less active). Although the physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological importance of the subcellular distribution of NHE3 has been well established, the exact mechanism whereby NHE3 is translocated along microvilli microdomains of the proximal tubule apical membrane is unknown. Nonmuscle myosin IIA and unconventional myosin VI move cargoes in anterograde and retrograde directions, respectively, and are known to redistribute along with NHE3 in the proximal tubule in response to a variety of natriuretic and antinatriuretic stimuli, including stimulation or inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system, high dietary Na+ intake, and high blood pressure. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the current evidence that suggests a potential role of myosin IIA and myosin VI in mediating the subcellular distribution of NHE3 along the kidney proximal tubule microvilli and their possible contribution in modifying NHE3-mediated Na+ reabsorption under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato O Crajoinas
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Juliano Z Polidoro
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Adriana C C Girardi
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School , São Paulo , Brazil
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20
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Hashimoto J, Hamasaki Y, Takahashi Y, Kubota M, Yanagisawa T, Itabashi Y, Muramatsu M, Kawamura T, Kumagai N, Ohwada Y, Sakai K, Shishido S. Management of patients with severe Epstein syndrome: Review of four patients who received living‐donor renal transplantation. Nephrology (Carlton) 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/nep.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatric NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuko Hamasaki
- Department of Pediatric NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Pediatric NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Mai Kubota
- Department of Pediatric NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Taketo Yanagisawa
- Department of NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Masaki Muramatsu
- Department of NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Department of NephrologySakura Medical Center, Toho University Chiba Japan
| | - Naonori Kumagai
- Department of PediatricsTohoku University School of Medicine Miyagi Japan
| | - Yoko Ohwada
- Department of PediatricsDokkyo Medical University School of Medicine Tochigi Japan
| | - Ken Sakai
- Department of NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Seiichiro Shishido
- Department of Pediatric NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
- Department of NephrologyToho University Faculty of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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21
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Tabibzadeh N, Fleury D, Labatut D, Bridoux F, Lionet A, Jourde-Chiche N, Vrtovsnik F, Schlegel N, Vanhille P. MYH9-related disorders display heterogeneous kidney involvement and outcome. Clin Kidney J 2018; 12:494-502. [PMID: 31384440 PMCID: PMC6671426 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfy117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MYH9-related diseases (MYH9-RD) are autosomal dominant disorders caused by mutations of the MYH9 gene encoding the non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA. They are characterized by congenital thrombocytopenia, giant platelets and leucocyte inclusions. Hearing impairment, pre-senile cataract and nephropathy can also occur. We aimed to evaluate renal involvement and outcome in MYH9-RD patients followed-up by nephrologists. Methods We conducted a retrospective multicentre observational study of 13 patients among 9 families with MYH9 mutation diagnosed by genetic testing and immunofluorescence assay referred to nephrologists. Results At initial referral, median age was 30 (range 14–76) years. Median estimated glomerular filtration rate was 66 mL/min/1.73 m2 (0–141) and two patients had already end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal presentation associated proteinuria (n = 12), haematuria (n = 6) and hypertension (n = 6). Three patients developed a rapid onset ESRD whereas five others had a relatively stable kidney function over a 3-year median follow-up (1–34). Extra-renal features varied widely, with hearing impairment in six patients, cataract in two and mild liver dysfunction in seven. Thrombocytopenia existed at referral in 11 patients. Time to diagnosis varied from 0 to 29 years (median 3 years). Initial diagnoses such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (n = 4) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n = 1) led to corticosteroid administration (n = 4), intravenous immunoglobulins (n = 3), cyclophosphamide (n = 1) and splenectomy (n = 1). Conclusions Renal involvement and outcome in MYH9-RD are heterogeneous. The diagnosis is often delayed and misdiagnoses can lead to unnecessary treatments. MYH9-RD should be considered in any patient with glomerular involvement associated with a low or slightly decreased platelet count and/or hearing loss and liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Tabibzadeh
- Explorations Fonctionnelles Rénales, APHP Hôpital Bichat, DHU FIRE, CRI-Inserm U1149 et Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Fleury
- Néphrologie et Médecine Interne, CH Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France
| | | | | | | | - Noémie Jourde-Chiche
- Aix-Marseille Univ, C2VN, INSERM 1263-INRA 1260, and AP-HM, Centre de Néphrologie et Transplantation Rénale, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - François Vrtovsnik
- Néphrologie, APHP Hôpital Bichat, DHU FIRE, CRI-Inserm U1149 et Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Nicole Schlegel
- CRCMH Pathologies Plaquettaires Robert Debré, APHP Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Vanhille
- Néphrologie et Médecine Interne, CH Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France
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22
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Pecci A, Ma X, Savoia A, Adelstein RS. MYH9: Structure, functions and role of non-muscle myosin IIA in human disease. Gene 2018; 664:152-167. [PMID: 29679756 PMCID: PMC5970098 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The MYH9 gene encodes the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA, a widely expressed cytoplasmic myosin that participates in a variety of processes requiring the generation of intracellular chemomechanical force and translocation of the actin cytoskeleton. Non-muscle myosin IIA functions are regulated by phosphorylation of its 20 kDa light chain, of the heavy chain, and by interactions with other proteins. Variants of MYH9 cause an autosomal-dominant disorder, termed MYH9-related disease, and may be involved in other conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, non-syndromic deafness, and cancer. This review discusses the structure of the MYH9 gene and its protein, as well as the regulation and physiologic functions of non-muscle myosin IIA with particular reference to embryonic development. Moreover, the review focuses on current knowledge about the role of MYH9 variants in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Xuefei Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10 Room 6C-103B, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1583, USA.
| | - Anna Savoia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, via Dell'Istria, 65/1, I-34137 Trieste, Italy; IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, via Dell'Istria, 65/1, I-34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Robert S Adelstein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10 Room 6C-103B, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1583, USA.
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23
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Otterpohl KL, Hart RG, Evans C, Surendran K, Chandrasekar I. Nonmuscle myosin 2 proteins encoded by Myh9, Myh10, and Myh14 are uniquely distributed in the tubular segments of murine kidney. Physiol Rep 2018; 5. [PMID: 29208685 PMCID: PMC5727274 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse epithelial cell types of the kidneys are segregated into nephron segments and the collecting ducts in order to endow each tubular segment with unique functions. The rich diversity of the epithelial cell types is highlighted by the unique membrane channels and receptors expressed within each nephron segment. Our previous work identified a critical role for Myh9 and Myh10 in mammalian endocytosis. Here, we examined the expression patterns of Nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) heavy chains encoded by Myh9, Myh10, and Myh14 in mouse kidneys as these genes may confer unique nephron segment‐specific membrane transport properties. Interestingly, we found that each segment of the renal tubules predominately expressed only two of the three NM2 isoforms, with isoform‐specific subcellular localization, and different levels of expression within a nephron segment. Additionally, we identify Myh14 to be restricted to the intercalated cells and Myh10 to be restricted to the principal cells within the collecting ducts and connecting segments. We speculate that the distinct expression pattern of the NM2 proteins likely reflects the diversity of the intracellular trafficking machinery present within the different renal tubular epithelial segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla L Otterpohl
- Enabling Technologies Group - Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Ryan G Hart
- Enabling Technologies Group - Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Claire Evans
- Molecular Pathology Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Kameswaran Surendran
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group - Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, USD Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Indra Chandrasekar
- Enabling Technologies Group - Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, USD Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
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24
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Zhao H, Ma L, Yan M, Wang Y, Zhao T, Zhang H, Liu P, Liu Y, Li P. Association between MYH9 and APOL1 Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a Chinese Han Population. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:5068578. [PMID: 29862302 PMCID: PMC5971321 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5068578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MYH9-APOL1 gene regions have been reported to be associated with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in the American population. We examined the association between polymorphisms in MYH9-APOL1 and DKD susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. MYH9 rs3752462 (T>C) and APOL1 rs136161 (C>G) were genotyped in 303 DKD patients and 364 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients without kidney disease using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the association. We observed that only MYH9 rs3752462 was associated with DKD (genotype, P = 0.004; allele, P = 0.002). Genetic model analysis revealed that rs3752462 was associated with increased risk of DKD under a dominant model adjusted by age and sex (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.675; 95% CI 1.225-2.289; P = 0.001) and an additive model (TC versus TT: aOR, 1.649; 95% CI 1.187-2.290; CC versus TT: aOR, 1.817; 95% CI 0.980-3.367; P = 0.005). The combined effect of rs3752462 TC + rs136161 CC genotype showed an association of DKD adjusted by age and sex (aOR, 1.732; 95% CI 1.128-2.660; P = 0.012). After a Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple tests, the C allele frequencies of the rs3752462 and the TC + CC genotype in the dominant model were considered statistically significant with a markedly increased risk of DKD (P < 0.00208; P < 0.002). Our results suggest that MYH9 rs3752462 is significantly associated with an increased risk of DKD in Chinese Han individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Clinical Laboratory, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yan
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haojun Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhen Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Canzi P, Pecci A, Manfrin M, Rebecchi E, Zaninetti C, Bozzi V, Benazzo M. Severe to profound deafness may be associated with MYH9-related disease: report of 4 patients. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2017; 36:415-420. [PMID: 27958602 PMCID: PMC5225798 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is a rare genetic syndromic disorder characterised by congenital thrombocytopenia and is associated with the risk of developing progressive sensorineural hearing loss, nephropathy and presenile cataracts during childhood or adult life. All consecutive patients enrolled in the Italian Registry for MYH9-RD with severe to profound deafness were included in a retrospective study. The study population involved 147 Italian patients with MYH9-RD: hearing loss was identified in 52% of cases and only 4 patients (6%) presented severe to profound deafness at a mean age of 33 years. Deafness was associated with mild spontaneous bleeding in all patients and with kidney involvement in 3 cases. Cochlear implantation was carried out in 3 cases with benefit, and no major complications were observed. Diagnosis was performed about 28 years after the first clinical manifestation of MYH9-RD, which was never suspected by an otolaryngologist. The clinical and diagnostic aspects of 4 patients with severe to profound deafness are discussed with a focus on therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Canzi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - A Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - M Manfrin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - E Rebecchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - C Zaninetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - V Bozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - M Benazzo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
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26
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Park E, Ahn YH, Kang HG, Yoo KH, Won NH, Lee KB, Moon KC, Seong MW, Gwon TR, Park SS, Cheong HI. COQ6 Mutations in Children With Steroid-Resistant Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Am J Kidney Dis 2017; 70:139-144. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Haque F, Kaku Y, Fujimura S, Ohmori T, Adelstein RS, Nishinakamura R. Non-muscle myosin II deletion in the developing kidney causes ureter-bladder misconnection and apical extrusion of the nephric duct lineage epithelia. Dev Biol 2017; 427:121-130. [PMID: 28478097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In kidney development, connection of the nephric duct (ND) to the cloaca and subsequent sprouting of the ureteric bud (UB) from the ND are important for urinary exit tract formation. Although the roles of Ret signaling are well established, it remains unclear how intracellular cytoskeletal proteins regulate these morphogenetic processes. Myh9 and Myh10 encode two different non-muscle myosin II heavy chains, and Myh9 mutations in humans are implicated in congenital kidney diseases. Here we report that ND/UB lineage-specific deletion of Myh9/Myh10 in mice caused severe hydroureter/hydronephrosis at birth. At mid-gestation, the mutant ND/UB epithelia exhibited aberrant basal protrusion and ectopic UB formation, which likely led to misconnection of the ureter to the bladder. In addition, the mutant epithelia exhibited apical extrusion followed by massive apoptosis in the lumen, which could be explained by reduced apical constriction and intercellular adhesion mediated by E-cadherin. These phenotypes were not ameliorated by genetic reduction of the tyrosine kinase receptor Ret. In contrast, ERK was activated in the mutant cells and its chemical inhibition partially ameliorated the phenotypes. Thus, myosin II is essential for maintaining the apicobasal integrity of the developing kidney epithelia independently of Ret signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Haque
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kaku
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sayoko Fujimura
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ohmori
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Robert S Adelstein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Wasik AA, Dumont V, Tienari J, Nyman TA, Fogarty CL, Forsblom C, Lehto M, Lehtonen E, Groop PH, Lehtonen S. Septin 7 reduces nonmuscle myosin IIA activity in the SNAP23 complex and hinders GLUT4 storage vesicle docking and fusion. Exp Cell Res 2016; 350:336-348. [PMID: 28011197 PMCID: PMC5243148 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular epithelial cells, podocytes, are insulin responsive and can develop insulin resistance. Here, we demonstrate that the small GTPase septin 7 forms a complex with nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMHC-IIA; encoded by MYH9), a component of the nonmuscle myosin IIA (NM-IIA) hexameric complex. We observed that knockdown of NMHC-IIA decreases insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into podocytes. Both septin 7 and NM-IIA associate with SNAP23, a SNARE protein involved in GLUT4 storage vesicle (GSV) docking and fusion with the plasma membrane. We observed that insulin decreases the level of septin 7 and increases the activity of NM-IIA in the SNAP23 complex, as visualized by increased phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain. Also knockdown of septin 7 increases the activity of NM-IIA in the complex. The activity of NM-IIA is increased in diabetic rat glomeruli and cultured human podocytes exposed to macroalbuminuric sera from patients with type 1 diabetes. Collectively, the data suggest that the activity of NM-IIA in the SNAP23 complex plays a key role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into podocytes. Furthermore, we observed that septin 7 reduces the activity of NM-IIA in the SNAP23 complex and thereby hinders GSV docking and fusion with the plasma membrane. Septin 7, nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMHC-IIA) and SNAP23 form a complex. Knockdown of septin 7 increases NM-IIA activity in the SNAP23 complex. Insulin decreases septin 7 level and increases NM-IIA activity in the SNAP23 complex. Septin 7 hinders GSV docking/fusion by reducing NM-IIA activity in the SNAP23 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita A Wasik
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vincent Dumont
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Tienari
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, 05850 Hyvinkää, Finland
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christopher L Fogarty
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 000290 Helsinki, Finland; Diabetes&Obesity Research Program, Research Program´s Unit, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 000290 Helsinki, Finland; Diabetes&Obesity Research Program, Research Program´s Unit, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 000290 Helsinki, Finland; Diabetes&Obesity Research Program, Research Program´s Unit, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory Animal Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 000290 Helsinki, Finland; Diabetes&Obesity Research Program, Research Program´s Unit, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, 3004 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Structural Analysis of the Myo1c and Neph1 Complex Provides Insight into the Intracellular Movement of Neph1. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:1639-54. [PMID: 27044863 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00020-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Myo1c motor functions as a cargo transporter supporting various cellular events, including vesicular trafficking, cell migration, and stereociliary movements of hair cells. Although its partial crystal structures were recently described, the structural details of its interaction with cargo proteins remain unknown. This study presents the first structural demonstration of a cargo protein, Neph1, attached to Myo1c, providing novel insights into the role of Myo1c in intracellular movements of this critical slit diaphragm protein. Using small angle X-ray scattering studies, models of predominant solution conformation of unliganded full-length Myo1c and Myo1c bound to Neph1 were constructed. The resulting structures show an extended S-shaped Myo1c with Neph1 attached to its C-terminal tail. Importantly, binding of Neph1 did not induce a significant shape change in Myo1c, indicating this as a spontaneous process or event. Analysis of interaction surfaces led to the identification of a critical residue in Neph1 involved in binding to Myo1c. Indeed, a point mutant from this site abolished interaction between Neph1 and Myo1c when tested in the in vitro and in live-cell binding assays. Live-cell imaging, including fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, provided further support for the role of Myo1c in intracellular vesicular movement of Neph1 and its turnover at the membrane.
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Makino S, Kunishima S, Ikumi A, Awaguni H, Shinozuka J, Tanaka SI, Maruyama R, Imashuku S. Sporadic Epstein syndrome with macrothrombocytopenia, sensorineural hearing loss and renal failure. Pediatr Int 2015; 57:977-81. [PMID: 26387855 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report here a sporadic case of Epstein syndrome, one of the MYH9 disorders. A Japanese boy was first noted to have thrombocytopenia at 3 years of age. Blood smear showed giant platelets but no Döhle-like bodies in the neutrophils. He had no family history of thrombocytopenia, hearing loss, and/or renal failure. Thrombocytopenia took a chronic course and platelet count fluctuated in the range 18 000-46 000/μL, not responding to i.v. immunoglobulin or prednisolone treatment. The patient had episodes of gross nasal bleeding at 7 and 18 years of age. Mild hearing loss was suspected at 6, and proteinuria was first noted at 14 years of age. At the development of renal failure at 24 years of age, he was identified to have de novo R702H MYH9 mutation. This case illustrates the importance of suspecting MYH9 disorder even in cases of chronic macrothrombocytopenia without family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Makino
- Divisions of Pediatrics, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aki Ikumi
- Divisions of Pediatrics, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Awaguni
- Divisions of Pediatrics, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
| | - Jun Shinozuka
- Divisions of Pediatrics, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
| | | | - Rikken Maruyama
- Divisions of Pediatrics, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Imashuku
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
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Hashimoto J, Hamasaki Y, Yanagisawa T, Sekine T, Aikawa A, Shishido S. Successful Kidney Transplantation in Epstein Syndrome With Antiplatelet Antibodies and Donor-specific Antibodies: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2541-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Genotype-phenotype Correlation of the p.R1165C Mutation in the MYH9 Disorder: Report of a Japanese Pedigree. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015; 37:e352-5. [PMID: 26056797 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
MYH9 disorder is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by congenital thrombocytopenia with giant platelets and leukocyte inclusion bodies and is often associated with Alport-like symptoms, such as glomerulonephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, and cataracts. We report a Japanese pedigree wherein the MYH9 p.R1165C mutation was present in over 4 generations. Three individuals were misdiagnosed as Bernard-Soulier syndrome carriers. Among the 12 patients with abnormal hematological features, the proband's mother, aunt, and grandaunt presented with sensorineural hearing impairment, and the mother presented with presenile cataract, and nephritis. This case report confirms the previously established genotype-phenotype correlations of the MYH9 disorder that p.R1165C is associated with variable expression of nonhematological manifestations. Careful detection of leukocyte inclusion bodies in peripheral blood smears is necessary to prevent misdiagnosis.
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33
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Oh T, Jung Seo H, Taek Lee K, Jo Kim H, Jun Kim H, Lee JH, Il Cheong H, Young Lee E. MYH9 nephropathy. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2014; 34:53-6. [PMID: 26484020 PMCID: PMC4570591 DOI: 10.1016/j.krcp.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MYH9-related disorder is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a mutation in the MYH9 gene, which encodes nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC-IIA). This disease is characterized by giant platelets, thrombocytopenia, granulocyte inclusion bodies, proteinuria, and high-pitch sensorineural deafness. Nephropathy has been observed in 30% of patients with MYH9-related disorder. The characteristic features are early onset proteinuria and rapidly progressing renal disorder. However, the prognosis of MYH9 nephropathy remains unclear. Herein, we describe a 36-year-old woman who presented with proteinuria and was diagnosed with MYH9 nephropathy via renal biopsy and gene analysis. Her proteinuria improved after administration of an angiotensin II receptor blocker, but was aggravated after changing to a calcium channel blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehoon Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kyu Taek Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Han Jo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hwi Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hae Il Cheong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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34
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Sirachainan N, Komwilaisak P, Kitamura K, Hongeng S, Sekine T, Kunishima S. The first two cases of MYH9 disorders in Thailand: an international collaborative study. Ann Hematol 2014; 94:707-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Münnich S, Pathan-Chhatbar S, Manstein DJ. Crystal structure of the rigor-like human non-muscle myosin-2 motor domain. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:4754-60. [PMID: 25451231 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We determined the crystal structure of the motor domain of human non-muscle myosin 2B (NM-2B) in a nucleotide-free state and at a resolution of 2.8 Å. The structure shows the motor domain with an open active site and the large cleft that divides the 50 kDa domain in a closed state. Compared to other rigor-like myosin motor domain structures, our structure shows subtle but significant conformational changes in regions important for actin binding and mechanochemical coupling. Moreover, our crystal structure helps to rationalize the impact of myosin, heavy chain 9 (MYH9)-related disease mutations Arg709Cys and Arg709His on the kinetic and functional properties of NM-2B and of the closely related non-muscle myosin 2A (NM-2A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Münnich
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Dietmar J Manstein
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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36
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Kotb AM, Müller T, Xie J, Anand-Apte B, Endlich K, Endlich N. Simultaneous assessment of glomerular filtration and barrier function in live zebrafish. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F1427-34. [PMID: 25298528 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00029.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish pronephros is a well-established model to study glomerular development, structure, and function. A few methods have been described to evaluate glomerular barrier function in zebrafish larvae so far. However, there is a need to assess glomerular filtration as well. In the present study, we extended the available methods by simultaneously measuring the intravascular clearances of Alexa fluor 647-conjugated 10-kDa dextran and FITC-conjugated 500-kDa dextran as indicators of glomerular filtration and barrier function, respectively. After intravascular injection of the dextrans, mean fluorescence intensities of both dextrans were measured in the cardinal vein of living zebrafish (4 days postfertilization) by confocal microscopy over time. We demonstrated that injected 10-kDa dextran was rapidly cleared from the circulation, became visible in the lumen of the pronephric tubule, quickly accumulated in tubular cells, and was detectably excreted at the cloaca. In contrast, 500-kDa dextran could not be visualized in the tubule at any time point. To check whether alterations in glomerular function can be quantified by our method, we injected morpholino oligonucleotides (MOs) against zebrafish nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (zMyh9) or apolipoprotein L1 (zApol1). While glomerular filtration was reduced in zebrafish nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA MO-injected larvae, glomerular barrier function remained intact. In contrast, in zebrafish apolipoprotein L1 MO-injected larvae, glomerular barrier function was compromised as 500-kDa dextran disappeared from the circulation and became visible in tubular cells. In summary, we present a novel method that allows to simultaneously assess glomerular filtration and barrier function in live zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Kotb
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; and
| | - Tobias Müller
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; and
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bela Anand-Apte
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; and
| | - Nicole Endlich
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; and
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37
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Craver R, Crespo-Salgado J, Aviles D. Laminations and microgranule formation in pediatric glomerular basement membranes. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2014; 33:321-30. [PMID: 25394298 DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.976686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular basement membrane (GBM) splitting, laminations, and microgranular formation are classically encountered with Alport disease, but can be found in other glomerular diseases. We found moderate to marked GBM laminations/microgranular formations in 51 of 724 (7%) pediatric diagnostic renal biopsies. These included 12 Alport disease, 12 thin basement membrane disease (TBM), 13 mesangial hypercellularity (MH), 6 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and 8 other diseases. Follow-up demonstrated progression in most of the Alport disease and FSGS, as expected, but also in 40% of TBM and 30% of MH. Basement membrane laminations/microgranular formations are not specific for Alport disease, may represent a non-specific injury, and may herald a progressive clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Craver
- 1Children's Hospital of New Orleans, Laboratory, New Orleans, LA, USA
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38
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Recuenco MC, Ohmori T, Tanigawa S, Taguchi A, Fujimura S, Conti MA, Wei Q, Kiyonari H, Abe T, Adelstein RS, Nishinakamura R. Nonmuscle Myosin II Regulates the Morphogenesis of Metanephric Mesenchyme-Derived Immature Nephrons. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 26:1081-91. [PMID: 25168025 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014030281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney develops from reciprocal interactions between the metanephric mesenchyme and ureteric bud. The mesenchyme transforms into epithelia and forms complicated nephron structures, whereas the ureteric bud extends its pre-existing epithelial ducts. Although the roles are well established for extracellular stimuli, such as Wnt and Notch, it is unclear how the intracellular cytoskeleton regulates these morphogenetic processes. Myh9 and Myh10 encode nonmuscle myosin II heavy chains, and Myh9 mutations in humans are implicated in congenital kidney diseases and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults. Here, we analyzed the roles of Myh9 and Myh10 in the developing kidney. Ureteric bud-specific depletion of Myh9 resulted in no apparent phenotypes, whereas mesenchyme-specific Myh9 deletion caused proximal tubule dilations and renal failure. Mesenchyme-specific Myh9/Myh10 mutant mice died shortly after birth and showed a severe defect in nephron formation. The nascent mutant nephrons failed to form a continuous lumen, which likely resulted from impaired apical constriction of the elongating tubules. In addition, nephron progenitors lacking Myh9/Myh10 or the possible interactor Kif26b were less condensed at midgestation and reduced at birth. Taken together, nonmuscle myosin II regulates the morphogenesis of immature nephrons derived from the metanephric mesenchyme and the maintenance of nephron progenitors. Our data also suggest that Myh9 deletion in mice results in failure to maintain renal tubules but not in glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sayoko Fujimura
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mary Anne Conti
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Qize Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan
| | - Robert S Adelstein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
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Pecci A, Verver EJJ, Schlegel N, Canzi P, Boccio CM, Platokouki H, Krause E, Benazzo M, Topsakal V, Greinacher A. Cochlear implantation is safe and effective in patients with MYH9-related disease. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:100. [PMID: 24980457 PMCID: PMC4105151 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is a rare syndromic disorder deriving from mutations in MYH9, the gene for the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA. Patients present with congenital thrombocytopenia and giant platelets and have a variable risk of developing sensorineural deafness, kidney damage, presenile cataract, and liver abnormalities. Almost all MYH9-RD patients develop the hearing defect, which, in many individuals, progresses to severe to profound deafness with high impact on quality of life. These patients are potential candidates for cochlear implantation (CI), however, no consistent data are available about the risk to benefit ratio of CI in MYH9-RD. The only reported patient who received CI experienced perisurgery complications that have been attributed to concurrent platelet defects and/or MYH9 protein dysfunction. METHODS By international co-operative study, we report the clinical outcome of 10 patients with MYH9-RD and severe to profound deafness who received a CI at 8 institutions. RESULTS Nine patients benefited from CI: in particular, eight of them obtained excellent performances with restoration of a practically normal hearing function and verbal communication abilities. One patient had a slightly worse performance that could be explained by the very long duration of severe deafness before CI. Finally, one patient did not significantly benefit from CI. No adverse events attributable to MYH9-RD syndrome were observed, in particular no perisurgery bleeding complications due to the platelet defects were seen. Patients' perioperative management is described and discussed. CONCLUSIONS CI is safe and effective in most patients with MYH9-RD and severe to profound deafness and should be offered to these subjects, possibly as soon as they develop the criteria for candidacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Hays T, Ma’ayan A, Clark NR, Tan CM, Teixeira A, Teixeira A, Choi JW, Burdis N, Jung SY, Bajaj AO, O’Malley BW, He JC, Hyink DP, Klotman PE. Proteomics analysis of the non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIa-enriched actin-myosin complex reveals multiple functions within the podocyte. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100660. [PMID: 24949636 PMCID: PMC4065073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MYH9 encodes non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHCIIA), the predominant force-generating ATPase in non-muscle cells. Several lines of evidence implicate a role for MYH9 in podocytopathies. However, NMMHCIIA‘s function in podocytes remains unknown. To better understand this function, we performed immuno-precipitation followed by mass-spectrometry proteomics to identify proteins interacting with the NMMHCIIA-enriched actin-myosin complexes. Computational analyses revealed that these proteins belong to functional networks including regulators of cytoskeletal organization, metabolism and networks regulated by the HIV-1 gene nef. We further characterized the subcellular localization of NMMHCIIA within podocytes in vivo, and found it to be present within the podocyte major foot processes. Finally, we tested the effect of loss of MYH9 expression in podocytes in vitro, and found that it was necessary for cytoskeletal organization. Our results provide the first survey of NMMHCIIA-enriched actin-myosin-interacting proteins within the podocyte, demonstrating the important role of NMMHCIIA in organizing the elaborate cytoskeleton structure of podocytes. Our characterization of NMMHCIIA’s functions goes beyond the podocyte, providing important insights into its general molecular role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hays
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of Americ
- * E-mail:
| | - Avi Ma’ayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Neil R. Clark
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher M. Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Avelino Teixeira
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of Americ
| | - Angela Teixeira
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of Americ
| | - Jae W. Choi
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nora Burdis
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amol O. Bajaj
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John C. He
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of Americ
| | - Deborah P. Hyink
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Paul E. Klotman
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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Min S, Ahn H, Park W, Kim J. Successful Renal Transplantation in MYH9-Related Disorder With Severe Macrothrombocytopenia: First Report in Korea. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:654-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.11.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pecci A, Klersy C, Gresele P, Lee KJD, De Rocco D, Bozzi V, Russo G, Heller PG, Loffredo G, Ballmaier M, Fabris F, Beggiato E, Kahr WHA, Pujol-Moix N, Platokouki H, Van Geet C, Noris P, Yerram P, Hermans C, Gerber B, Economou M, De Groot M, Zieger B, De Candia E, Fraticelli V, Kersseboom R, Piccoli GB, Zimmermann S, Fierro T, Glembotsky AC, Vianello F, Zaninetti C, Nicchia E, Güthner C, Baronci C, Seri M, Knight PJ, Balduini CL, Savoia A. MYH9-related disease: a novel prognostic model to predict the clinical evolution of the disease based on genotype-phenotype correlations. Hum Mutat 2013; 35:236-47. [PMID: 24186861 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder caused by mutations in the gene for nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC-IIA). MYH9-RD is characterized by a considerable variability in clinical evolution: patients present at birth with only thrombocytopenia, but some of them subsequently develop sensorineural deafness, cataract, and/or nephropathy often leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We searched for genotype-phenotype correlations in the largest series of consecutive MYH9-RD patients collected so far (255 cases from 121 families). Association of genotypes with noncongenital features was assessed by a generalized linear regression model. The analysis defined disease evolution associated to seven different MYH9 genotypes that are responsible for 85% of MYH9-RD cases. Mutations hitting residue R702 demonstrated a complete penetrance for early-onset ESRD and deafness. The p.D1424H substitution associated with high risk of developing all the noncongenital manifestations of disease. Mutations hitting a distinct hydrophobic seam in the NMMHC-IIA head domain or substitutions at R1165 associated with high risk of deafness but low risk of nephropathy or cataract. Patients with p.E1841K, p.D1424N, and C-terminal deletions had low risk of noncongenital defects. These findings are essential to patients' clinical management and genetic counseling and are discussed in view of molecular pathogenesis of MYH9-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Miura K, Kurihara H, Horita S, Chikamoto H, Hattori M, Harita Y, Tsurumi H, Kajiho Y, Sawada Y, Sasaki S, Igarashi T, Kunishima S, Sekine T. Podocyte expression of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain-IIA decreases in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, especially in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28:2993-3003. [PMID: 24042022 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified significant associations between the development of idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and MYH9 encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chain-IIA (NMMHC-IIA). However, these studies focused only on the linkage of MYH9 polymorphisms and development of FSGS. There have been no reports on pathological changes of NMMHC-IIA in human glomerular diseases. Here we report on the precise localization of NMMHC-IIA in podocytes and changes in NMMHC-IIA expression in pathological states in rats and humans. METHODS Immunocytochemical (immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy) studies were performed to determine the precise localization of NMMHC-IIA. Expression levels of NMMHC-IIA were investigated in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-treated rats; and expression levels of NMMHC-IIA and other podocyte-related proteins were investigated in glomeruli of patients with idiopathic FSGS and other heavy proteinuric glomerular diseases. RESULTS NMMHC-IIA was located primarily at the cell body and primary processes of podocytes; this localization is distinct from other podocyte-related molecules causing hereditary FSGS. In PAN-treated rat kidneys, expression levels of NMMHC-IIA in podocytes decreased. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that expression levels of NMMHC-IIA markedly decreased in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, especially FSGS, whereas it did not change in other chronic glomerulonephritis showing apparent proteinuria. Changes in NMMHC-IIA expression were observed in glomeruli where expression of nephrin and synaptopodin was maintained. CONCLUSIONS Considering previous genome-wide association studies and development of FSGS in patients with MYH9 mutations, the characteristic localization of NMMHC-IIA and the specific decrease in NMMHC-IIA expression in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, especially FSGS, suggest the important role of NMMHC-IIA in the development of FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Establishment of mouse model of MYH9 disorders: heterozygous R702C mutation provokes macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusion bodies, renal glomerulosclerosis and hearing disability. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71187. [PMID: 23976996 PMCID: PMC3748045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHCIIA) encoded by MYH9 is associated with autosomal dominantly inherited diseases called MYH9 disorders. MYH9 disorders are characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and very characteristic inclusion bodies in granulocytes. MYH9 disorders frequently cause nephritis, sensorineural hearing disability and cataracts. One of the most common and deleterious mutations causing these disorders is the R702C missense mutation. We generated knock-in mice expressing the Myh9 R702C mutation. R702C knock-in hetero mice (R702C+/- mice) showed macrothrombocytopenia. We studied megakaryopoiesis of cultured fetal liver cells of R702C+/- mice and found that proplatelet formation was impaired: the number of proplatelet tips was decreased, proplatelet size was increased, and proplatelet shafts were short and enlarged. Although granulocyte inclusion bodies were not visible by May-Grünwald Giemsa staining, immunofluorescence analysis indicated that NMMHCIIA proteins aggregated and accumulated in the granulocyte cytoplasm. In other organs, R702C+/- mice displayed albuminuria which increased with age. Renal pathology examination revealed glomerulosclerosis. Sensory hearing loss was indicated by lowered auditory brainstem response. These findings indicate that Myh9 R702C knock-in mice mirror features of human MYH9 disorders arising from the R702C mutation.
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Abstract
Our understanding of the pathogenesis of most primary glomerular diseases, including IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, is limited. Advances in molecular technology now permit genome-wide, high-throughput characterization of genes and gene products from biological samples. Comprehensive examinations of the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome (collectively known as omics analyses), have been applied to the study of IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in both animal models and human patients. However, most omics studies of primary glomerular diseases, with the exception of large genomic studies, have been limited by inadequate sample sizes and the lack of kidney-specific data sets derived from kidney biopsy samples. Collaborative efforts to develop a standardized approach for prospective recruitment of patients, scheduled monitoring of clinical outcomes, and protocols for sampling of kidney tissues will be instrumental in uncovering the mechanisms that drive these diseases. Integration of molecular data sets with the results of clinical and histopathological studies will ultimately enable these diseases to be characterized in a comprehensive and systematic manner, and is expected to improve the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
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Murayama S, Akiyama M, Namba H, Wada Y, Ida H, Kunishima S. Familial cases with MYH9 disorders caused by MYH9 S96L mutation. Pediatr Int 2013; 55:102-4. [PMID: 23409987 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2012.03619.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report familial cases with MYH9 disorders: a 1-year-old Japanese boy who presented only with macrothrombocytopenia, and his 33-year-old father who had been diagnosed with refractory chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and suffered from hearing loss and chronic renal failure. Peripheral blood smears revealed giant platelets but no Döhle body-like cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neutrophils. Heterozygous MYH9 S96L mutations were found in the patient and his father, resulting in the diagnosis of a familial case with MYH9 disorders. The possibility of MYH9 disorders including Epstein syndrome should be assessed in cases of thrombocytopenia through the careful examination of hematological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuko Murayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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APOL1 null alleles from a rural village in India do not correlate with glomerulosclerosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51546. [PMID: 23300552 PMCID: PMC3530541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among African-Americans, genome wide association revealed a strong correlation between the G1 and G2 alleles of APOL1 (apolipoproteinL1, also called trypanolytic factor) and kidney diseases including focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, HIV-associated nephropathy and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. In the prevailing hypothesis, heterozygous APOL1 G1 and G2 alleles increase resistance against Trypanosoma that cause African sleeping sickness, resulting in positive selection of these alleles, but when homozygous the G1 and G2 alleles predispose to glomerulosclerosis. While efforts are underway to screen patients for G1 and G2 alleles and to better understand "APOL1 glomerulopathy," no data prove that these APOL1 sequence variants cause glomerulosclerosis. G1 and G2 correlate best with glomerulosclerosis as recessive alleles, which suggests a loss of function mutation for which proof of causality is commonly tested with homozygous null alleles. This test cannot be performed in rodents as the APOL gene cluster evolved only in primates. However, there is a homozygous APOL1 null human being who lives in a village in rural India. This individual and his family offer a unique opportunity to test causality between APOL1 null alleles and glomerulosclerosis. METHODS AND FINDINGS We obtained clinical data, blood and urine from this APOL1 null patient and 50 related villagers. Based on measurements of blood pressure, BUN, creatinine, albuminuria, genotyping and immunoblotting, this APOL1 null individual does not have glomerulosclerosis, nor do his relatives who carry APOL1 null alleles. CONCLUSIONS This small study cannot provide definitive conclusions but the absence of glomerulosclerosis in this unique population is consistent with the possibility that African-American glomerulosclerosis is caused, not by loss of APOL1 function, but by other mechanisms including a subtle gain of function or by the "genetic hitchhiking" of deleterious mutations in a gene linked to APOL1 G1 and G2.
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Sun XH, Wang ZY, Yang HY, Cao LJ, Su J, Yu ZQ, Bai X, Ruan CG. Clinical, pathological, and genetic analysis of ten patients with MYH9-related disease. Acta Haematol 2012. [PMID: 23207509 DOI: 10.1159/000342123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the MYH9 gene. It is characterized by a triad of giant platelets, thrombocytopenia, and characteristic Döhle body-like granulocyte inclusions. In this study we report 10 unrelated patients with MYH9-RD in whom the following seven MYH9 gene mutations were found: W33R, p.Q1443_K1445dup, R702H, D1424N, E1841K, R1933X, and E1945X (the first two were novel mutations). The region of the MYH9 mutation determines in some regards the phenotype, but clinical expression can vary between individuals with the same mutation. The neutrophil inclusion bodies of two patients were too small to be detected, but could be found with immunofluorescence staining. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that the calculated NMMHC-IIA/β-actin ratio for MYH9-RD neutrophils was 39% of normal controls. Kidney biopsy showed segmental glomerulosclerosis and NMMHC-IIA expression was decreased in podocytes. This disease is not as rare as originally thought. In any individual with persistent macrothrombocytopenia and no response to corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents, even if neutrophil inclusions were inconspicuous in routine staining, MYH9-RD should be suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-hua Sun
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China
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De Rocco D, Zieger B, Platokouki H, Heller PG, Pastore A, Bottega R, Noris P, Barozzi S, Glembotsky AC, Pergantou H, Balduini CL, Savoia A, Pecci A. MYH9-related disease: five novel mutations expanding the spectrum of causative mutations and confirming genotype/phenotype correlations. Eur J Med Genet 2012; 56:7-12. [PMID: 23123319 PMCID: PMC3546164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD) is a rare autosomal dominant syndromic disorder caused by mutations in MYH9, the gene encoding for the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA (myosin-9). MYH9-RD is characterized by congenital macrothrombocytopenia and typical inclusion bodies in neutrophils associated with a variable risk of developing sensorineural deafness, presenile cataract, and/or progressive nephropathy. The spectrum of mutations responsible for MYH9-RD is limited. We report five families, each with a novel MYH9 mutation. Two mutations, p.Val34Gly and p.Arg702Ser, affect the motor domain of myosin-9, whereas the other three, p.Met847_Glu853dup, p.Lys1048_Glu1054del, and p.Asp1447Tyr, hit the coiled-coil tail domain of the protein. The motor domain mutations were associated with more severe clinical phenotypes than those in the tail domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela De Rocco
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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Balduini CL, Pecci A, Noris P. Inherited thrombocytopenias: the evolving spectrum. Hamostaseologie 2012; 32:259-70. [PMID: 22972471 DOI: 10.5482/ha12050001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The chapter of inherited thrombocytopenias has expanded greatly over the last decade and many "new" forms deriving from mutations in "new" genes have been identified. Nevertheless, nearly half of patients remain without a definite diagnosis because their illnesses have not yet been described. The diagnostic approach to these diseases can still take advantage of the algorithm proposed by the Italian Platelet Study Group in 2003, although an update is required to include the recently described disorders. So far, transfusions of platelet concentrates have represented the main tool for preventing or treating bleedings, while haematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been reserved for patients with very severe forms. However, recent disclosure that an oral thrombopoietin mimetic is effective in increasing platelet count in patients with MYH9-related thrombocytopenia opened new therapeutic perspectives. This review summarizes the general aspects of inherited thrombocytopenias and describes in more detail MYH9-related diseases (encompassing four thrombocytopenias previously recognized as separate diseases) and the recently described ANKRD26-related thrombocytopenia, which are among the most frequent forms of inherited thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Balduini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia – IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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