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Engesser J, Wang H, Kapffer S, Kaffke A, Peters A, Paust HJ, Geissen M, Krebs CF, Panzer U, Asada N. S1PR1 mediates Th17 cell migration from the thymus to the skin in health and disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1473130. [PMID: 39380990 PMCID: PMC11459589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1473130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells play crucial roles in host defense and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases in the skin. While their differentiation mechanisms have been extensively studied, the origin of skin Th17 cells remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed single-cell RNA-sequencing data and identify the presence of Th17 cells in the human thymus. Thymic Th17 cells were characterized by high expression levels of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 (S1PR1), a receptor crucial for T cell egress from lymphoid tissues. In mice, Th17 cell-specific knockout of S1pr1 resulted in the accumulation of Th17 cells in the thymus and a corresponding decrease in their numbers in the skin. Th17 cells that accumulated in the thymus exhibited a lower IL-17A production capacity compared to those in the skin, indicating that the local environment in the skin is important for maintaining the Th17 cell phenotype. Additionally, using a murine psoriasis model, we demonstrated that Th17 cell-specific knockout of S1pr1 reduced their migration to the inflamed skin, thereby ameliorating disease progression. Collectively, our data suggest that S1PR1 mediates Th17 cell migration from the thymus to the skin, thereby modulating their functional engagement in both homeostatic and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Engesser
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Huiying Wang
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Kapffer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Kaffke
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anett Peters
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Geissen
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F. Krebs
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nariaki Asada
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Tatomir A, Vlaicu S, Nguyen V, Luzina IG, Atamas SP, Drachenberg C, Papadimitriou J, Badea TC, Rus HG, Rus V. RGC-32 mediates proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways in immune-mediated kidney disease. Clin Immunol 2024; 265:110279. [PMID: 38878807 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that results in immune-mediated damage to kidneys and other organs. We investigated the role of response gene to complement-32 (RGC-32), a proinflammatory and profibrotic mediator induced by TGFβ and C5b-9, in nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN), an experimental model that mimics human lupus nephritis. Proteinuria, loss of renal function and kidney histopathology were attenuated in RGC-32 KO NTN mice. RGC-32 KO NTN mice displayed downregulation of the CCL20/CCR6 and CXCL9/CXCR3 ligand/receptor pairs resulting in decreased renal recruitment of IL-17+ and IFNγ+ cells and subsequent decrease in the influx of innate immune cells. RGC-32 deficiency attenuated renal fibrosis as demonstrated by decreased deposition of collagen I, III and fibronectin. Thus, RGC-32 is a unique mediator shared by the Th17 and Th1 dependent proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways and a potential novel therapeutic target in the treatment of immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis such as lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Health Care Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sonia Vlaicu
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic nr. 1, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Irina G Luzina
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sergei P Atamas
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Tudor C Badea
- Research and Development Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Horea G Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Health Care Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Violeta Rus
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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3
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Peroumal D, Biswas PS. Kidney-Specific Interleukin-17 Responses During Infection and Injury. Annu Rev Immunol 2024; 42:35-55. [PMID: 37906942 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-052523-015141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The kidneys are life-sustaining organs that are vital to removing waste from our bodies. Because of their anatomic position and high blood flow, the kidneys are vulnerable to damage due to infections and autoinflammatory conditions. Even now, our knowledge of immune responses in the kidney is surprisingly rudimentary. Studying kidney-specific immune events is challenging because of the poor regenerative capacity of the nephrons, accumulation of uremic toxins, and hypoxia- and arterial blood pressure-mediated changes, all of which have unexpected positive or negative impacts on the immune response in the kidney. Kidney-specific defense confers protection against pathogens. On the other hand, unresolved inflammation leads to kidney damage and fibrosis. Interleukin-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been linked to immunity against pathogens and pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of IL-17 activities in the kidney in the context of infections, autoinflammatory diseases, and renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doureradjou Peroumal
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Partha S Biswas
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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4
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Yang H, Li J, Huang XR, Bucala R, Xu A, Lan HY. Macrophage-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediates renal injury in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361343. [PMID: 38846956 PMCID: PMC11153660 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a rich source of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). It is well established that macrophages and MIF play a pathogenic role in anti-glomerular basement membrane crescentic glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM CGN). However, whether macrophages mediate anti-GBM CGN via MIF-dependent mechanism remains unexplored, which was investigated in this study by specifically deleting MIF from macrophages in MIFf/f-lysM-cre mice. We found that compared to anti-GBM CGN induced in MIFf/f control mice, conditional ablation of MIF in macrophages significantly suppressed anti-GBM CGN by inhibiting glomerular crescent formation and reducing serum creatinine and proteinuria while improving creatine clearance. Mechanistically, selective MIF depletion in macrophages largely inhibited renal macrophage and T cell recruitment, promoted the polarization of macrophage from M1 towards M2 via the CD74/NF-κB/p38MAPK-dependent mechanism. Unexpectedly, selective depletion of macrophage MIF also significantly promoted Treg while inhibiting Th1 and Th17 immune responses. In summary, MIF produced by macrophages plays a pathogenic role in anti-GBM CGN. Targeting macrophage-derived MIF may represent a novel and promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of immune-mediated kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, SunYat‐sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anping Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Zhang T, Huo H, Zhang Y, Tao J, Yang J, Rong X, Yang Y. Th17 cells: A new target in kidney disease research. Int Rev Immunol 2024; 43:263-279. [PMID: 38439681 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2321901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Type 17 T helper (Th17) cells, which are a subtype of CD4+ T helper cells, secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, and GM-CSF, which play crucial roles in immune defence and protection against fungal and extracellular pathogen invasion. However, dysfunction of Th17 cell immunity mediates inflammatory responses and exacerbates tissue damage. This pathological process initiated by Th17 cells is common in kidney diseases associated with renal injury, such as glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, diabetic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. Therefore, targeting Th17 cells to treat kidney diseases has been a hot topic in recent years. This article reviews the mechanisms of Th17 cell-mediated inflammation and autoimmune responses in kidney diseases and discusses the related clinical drugs that modulate Th17 cell fate in kidney disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Tao
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzheng Yang
- Guangdong Nephrotic Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, The R&D Center of Drug for Renal Diseases, Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Paust HJ, Song N, De Feo D, Asada N, Tuzlak S, Zhao Y, Riedel JH, Hellmig M, Sivayoganathan A, Peters A, Kaffke A, Borchers A, Wenzel UO, Steinmetz OM, Tiegs G, Meister E, Mack M, Kurts C, von Vietinghoff S, Lindenmeyer MT, Hoxha E, Stahl RAK, Huber TB, Bonn S, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Wiech T, Turner JE, Becher B, Krebs CF, Panzer U. CD4 + T cells produce GM-CSF and drive immune-mediated glomerular disease by licensing monocyte-derived cells to produce MMP12. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadd6137. [PMID: 36921033 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add6137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
GM-CSF in glomerulonephritisDespite glomerulonephritis being an immune-mediated disease, the contributions of individual immune cell types are not clear. To address this gap in knowledge, Paust et al. characterized pathological immune cells in samples from patients with glomerulonephritis and in samples from mice with the disease. The authors found that CD4+ T cells producing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) licensed monocytes to promote disease by producing matrix metalloproteinase 12 and disrupting the glomerular basement membrane. Targeting GM-CSF to inhibit this axis reduced disease severity in mice, implicating this cytokine as a potential therapeutic target for patients with glomerulonephritis. -CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ning Song
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Donatella De Feo
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Nariaki Asada
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Selma Tuzlak
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Yu Zhao
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Center for Biomedical AI, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Riedel
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Malte Hellmig
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | | | - Anett Peters
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Anna Kaffke
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Alina Borchers
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ulrich O Wenzel
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Oliver M Steinmetz
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf 20246, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Meister
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93042, Germany
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | | | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Elion Hoxha
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Rolf A K Stahl
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Stefan Bonn
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Center for Biomedical AI, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Institute of Pathology, Division of Nephropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Christian F Krebs
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
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7
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Wang Y, Fang S, Zhou H. Pathogenic role of Th17 cells in autoimmune thyroid disease and their underlying mechanisms. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 37:101743. [PMID: 36841747 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2023.101743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disease, encompassing Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, has a very complex etiology. Pathogenesis of the disease involves both genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers. Traditionally, imbalance of T helper cell 1 and 2 was thought to result in the immune disorders in Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, increasing evidence recently revealed the important role of T helper 17 cell and its relative cellular and secretory components in the pathogenesis and progression of autoimmune thyroid disease. This review is aimed to summarize the published studies on the involvement of T helper 17 cell in autoimmune thyroid disease and discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms, which could possibly serve as the foundation of discovering new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200011, China; Chinese Consortium for Thyroid Eye Disease (CCTED), China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Sijie Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200011, China; Chinese Consortium for Thyroid Eye Disease (CCTED), China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200011, China; Chinese Consortium for Thyroid Eye Disease (CCTED), China.
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8
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Ma Q, Luan J, Bai Y, Xu C, Liu F, Chen B, Ju D, Xu H. Interleukin-22 in Renal Protection and Its Pathological Role in Kidney Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851818. [PMID: 35432360 PMCID: PMC9008451 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney injury has gradually become a worldwide public health problem currently affecting approximately 10% of the population and can eventually progress to chronic end-stage renal disease characteristic by the result of epithelial atrophy. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine produced by activated immune cells, while acting mainly on epithelial cells ranging from innate immune response to tissue regeneration to maintain barrier integrity and promote wound healing. Accumulating data suggests that IL-22 has emerged as a fundamental mediator of epithelial homeostasis in the kidney through promoting tissue repair and regeneration, inhibiting oxidative stress, and producing antimicrobial peptides. Binding of IL-22 to its transmembrane receptor complex triggers janus kinase/tyrosine kinase 2 phosphorylation, which further activates a number of downstream cascades, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, MAP kinase, and protein kinase B, and initiates a wide array of downstream effects. However, the activation of the IL-22 signaling pathways promotes the activation of complement systems and enhances the infiltration of chemokines, which does harm to the kidney and may finally result in chronic renal failure of different autoimmune kidney diseases, including lupus nephritis, and IgA nephropathy. This review describes current knowledge of the basic features of IL-22, including structure, cellular origin and associated signaling pathways. Also, we summarize the latest progress in understanding the physiological and pathological effects of IL-22 in the kidney, suggesting the potential strategies for the specific application of this cytokine in the treatment of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Ma
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyun Luan
- Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caili Xu
- Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bufeng Chen
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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9
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Sciascia S, Ponticelli C, Roccatello D. Pathogenesis-based new perspectives of management of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:103030. [PMID: 34971805 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While the pathogenesis of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody associated vasculitis (AAV) is still not fully elucidated, there is a mounting evidence that it is initiated by inflammation and activation of innate immunity in the presence of predisposing factors, innate immunity, aberrant responses of the adaptive immune system, and complement system activation. Biologics targeting inflammation-related molecules in the immune system have been explored to treat AVV, and these treatments have provided revolutionary advances. When focusing on the pathogenic mechanisms of AVV, this review presents the new findings regarding novel therapeutic approaches for the management of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savino Sciascia
- CMID-Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (ERK-net Member), Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of the Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and S. Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Dario Roccatello
- CMID-Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (ERK-net Member), Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of the Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and S. Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, Turin, Italy.
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10
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Schmidt T, Luebbe J, Kilian C, Riedel JH, Hiekmann S, Asada N, Ginsberg P, Robben L, Song N, Kaffke A, Peters A, Borchers A, Flavell RA, Gagliani N, Pelzcar P, Huber S, Huber TB, Turner JE, Paust HJ, Krebs CF, Panzer U. IL-17 Receptor C Signaling Controls CD4 + T H17 Immune Responses and Tissue Injury in Immune-Mediated Kidney Diseases. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:3081-3098. [PMID: 35167487 PMCID: PMC8638406 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-17A-producing CD4+ T helper (TH17) cells play a critical role in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, such as crescentic GN. The proinflammatory effects of IL-17 are mediated by the activation of the IL-17RA/IL-17RC complex. Although the expression of these receptors on epithelial and endothelial cells is well characterized, the IL-17 receptor expression pattern and function on hematopoietic cells, e.g., CD4+ T cell subsets, remains to be elucidated. METHODS Crescentic GN (nephrotoxic nephritis) was induced in IL-17A, IFNγ, and Foxp3 triple-reporter mice for sorting of renal CD4+ T cell subsets and subsequent single-cell RNA sequencing. Moreover, we generated TH17 cell-specific IL-17RA and IL-17RC gene-deficient mice and studied the functional role of IL-17 signaling in TH17 cells in crescentic GN, imiquimod-induced psoriasis, and in the CD4+CD45RBhigh T cell transfer colitis model. RESULTS We identified a specific expression of the IL-17 receptor A/C complex on CD4+ TH17 cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing of TH17 cells revealed the activation of the IL-17 receptor signaling pathway in experimental crescentic GN. Disruption of the IL-17RC signaling pathway in CD4+ T cells and, most importantly, specifically in CD4+ TH17 cells, potentiates the IL-17 cytokine response and results in an accelerated course of experimental crescentic GN. Comparable results were observed in experimental models of psoriasis and colitis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that IL-17 receptor C signaling has a previously unrecognized function in the regulation of CD4+ TH17 cells and in the control of organ-specific autoimmunity and might provide new insights into the development of more efficient anti-TH17 treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Schmidt
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Luebbe
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Kilian
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Riedel
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Hiekmann
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nariaki Asada
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pauline Ginsberg
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lennart Robben
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ning Song
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Anna Kaffke
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anett Peters
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alina Borchers
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard A. Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Department for General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Penelope Pelzcar
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F. Krebs
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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11
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Zhang D, Zhang F, Liu M, Zhang M, Zhang J, Wang J. Disease activity prediction and prognosis of anti-GBM nephritis based on T lymphocyte subset ratios. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211039391. [PMID: 34595959 PMCID: PMC8489752 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211039391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cell-mediated autoimmunity, especially the autoreactivity of T cells, is known to underlie the initiation of anti-glomerular basement membrane disease. However, the T lymphocyte subsets that determine the disease activity, renal fibrosis, and prognosis of anti-GBM disease have not been clearly elucidated. Methods The T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ and CD8+) were examined on peripheral blood and renal biopsy tissues from 65 patients with biopsy proven anti-GBM disease. Patients were divided into the high ratio group and low ratio group according to the cutoff values in the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The correlations of T lymphocyte subsets with clinical, pathological data, and renal outcome were analyzed. Results By the end of follow-up, 45 patients (69.2%) developed end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In peripheral blood, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio showed a predictive ability with a sensitivity and specificity of 91.3% and 52.9%, respectively, which gave rise to a cutoff value of 0.89. There was a significant difference in the activity index between these two groups (3.91 ± 1.38 vs. 2.89 ± 1.13, p = 0.007). In the renal tissues, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio had the optimal cutoff point of 0.82 with a sensitivity of 57.8% and specificity of 85%. The renal activity index was higher for the renal tissues with high CD4+/CD8+ ratios than that of tissues with low CD4+/CD8+ ratios (4.32 ± 1.55 vs. 3.37 ± 1.41, p = 0.016). Peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ ratios of ≥0.89 or renal tissue CD4+/CD8+ ratios of < 0.82 positively correlated with poor renal prognosis in patients with anti-GBM nephritis. Conclusions The CD4+/CD8+ ratio was associated with renal activity index both in peripheral blood and renal tissue and predicts the renal prognosis of patients with anti-GBM nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, 117556The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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12
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Stein MC, Braun F, Krebs CF, Bunders MJ. Kidney organoid systems for studies of immune-mediated kidney diseases: challenges and opportunities. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:457-473. [PMID: 34309728 PMCID: PMC8310776 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic kidney diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in the global population. Many nephropathies are considered to be immune-mediated with dysregulated immune responses playing an important role in the pathogenesis. At present, targeted approaches for many kidney diseases are still lacking, as the underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. With the recent development of organoids—a three-dimensional, multicellular culture system, which recapitulates important aspects of human tissues—new opportunities to investigate interactions between renal cells and immune cells in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases arise. To date, kidney organoid systems, which reflect the structure and closer resemble critical aspects of the organ, have been established. Here, we highlight the recent advances in the development of kidney organoid models, including pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids and primary epithelial cell-based tubuloids. The employment and further required advances of current organoid models are discussed to investigate the role of the immune system in renal tissue development, regeneration, and inflammation to identify targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches of immune-mediated kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Stein
- Research Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Braun
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F Krebs
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Madeleine J Bunders
- Research Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.
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13
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Brede KM, Schmid J, Steinmetz OM, Panzer U, Klinge S, Mittrücker HW. Neutralization of IL-6 inhibits formation of autoreactive TH17 cells but does not prevent loss of renal function in experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Immunol Lett 2021; 236:51-60. [PMID: 34015360 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN), antibodies and T cells directed against the Goodpasture antigen, the non-collagenous domain of the α3-chain of type IV collagen (α3(IV)NC1), provoke renal inflammation resulting in rapidly progressing crescentic GN. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities, and IL-6 blockade is successfully used for treatment of diseases associated with acute and chronic inflammation. However, the role of IL-6 in anti-GBM GN is unclear. Here, we use the mouse model of experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis (EAG) to study the role of IL-6 in anti-GBM GN. DBA/1J mice were immunized with α3(IV)NC1 and developed fatal crescentic GN. Treatment of mice with neutralizing anti-IL-6 antibodies impaired the generation of α3(VI)NC1-specific TH1 and TH17 cells. However, despite lasting reduction of the TH17 cell response, antibody treatment did not prevent crescentic GN. Antibody treatment was also ineffective in a therapeutic setting with pre-existing autoantibodies and T cells. In conclusion, our results indicate that although the blockade of IL-6 impairs the development of autoimmunity against α3(VI)NC1, this treatment does not ameliorate crescentic GN both in a preemptive and a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen-Maria Brede
- Department for Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joanna Schmid
- Department for Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver M Steinmetz
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Klinge
- Department for Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Department for Immunology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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14
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Azhar N, Namas RA, Almahmoud K, Zaaqoq A, Malak OA, Barclay D, Yin J, El-Dehaibi F, Abboud A, Simmons RL, Zamora R, Billiar TR, Vodovotz Y. A putative "chemokine switch" that regulates systemic acute inflammation in humans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9703. [PMID: 33958628 PMCID: PMC8102583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is complex and likely drives clinical outcomes in critical illness such as that which ensues following severe injury. We obtained time course data on multiple inflammatory mediators in the blood of blunt trauma patients. Using dynamic network analyses, we inferred a novel control architecture for systemic inflammation: a three-way switch comprising the chemokines MCP-1/CCL2, MIG/CXCL9, and IP-10/CXCL10. To test this hypothesis, we created a logical model comprising this putative architecture. This model predicted key qualitative features of systemic inflammation in patient sub-groups, as well as the different patterns of hospital discharge of moderately vs. severely injured patients. Thus, a rational transition from data to data-driven models to mechanistic models suggests a novel, chemokine-based mechanism for control of acute inflammation in humans and points to the potential utility of this workflow in defining novel features in other complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Azhar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Center for Inflammation and Regeneration Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Rami A Namas
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Khalid Almahmoud
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Akram Zaaqoq
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Othman A Malak
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Derek Barclay
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jinling Yin
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Fayten El-Dehaibi
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Andrew Abboud
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Richard L Simmons
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ruben Zamora
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Center for Inflammation and Regeneration Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Yoram Vodovotz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Center for Inflammation and Regeneration Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA. .,Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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15
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Abstract
The presence of immune cells is a morphological hallmark of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, a disease group that includes anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis. The cellular infiltrates include cells from both the innate and the adaptive immune responses. The latter includes CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In the past, CD4+ T cell subsets were viewed as terminally differentiated lineages with limited flexibility. However, it is now clear that Th17 cells can in fact have a high degree of plasticity and convert, for example, into pro-inflammatory Th1 cells or anti-inflammatory Tr1 cells. Interestingly, Th17 cells in experimental GN display limited spontaneous plasticity. Here we review the literature of CD4+ T cell plasticity focusing on immune-mediated kidney disease. We point out the key findings of the past decade, in particular that targeting pathogenic Th17 cells by anti-CD3 injection can be a tool to modulate the CD4+ T cell response. This anti-CD3 treatment can trigger a regulatory phenotype in Th17 cells and transdifferentiation of Th17 cells into immunosuppressive IL-10-expressing Tr1 cells (Tr1exTh17 cells). Thus, targeting Th17 cell plasticity could be envisaged as a new therapeutic approach in patients with glomerulonephritis.
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16
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Basile DP, Ullah MM, Collet JA, Mehrotra P. T helper 17 cells in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2021; 40:12-28. [PMID: 33789382 PMCID: PMC8041630 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.20.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Both acute and chronic kidney disease have a strong underlying inflammatory component. This review focuses primarily on T helper 17 (Th17) cells as mediators of inflammation and their potential to modulate acute and chronic kidney disease. We provide updated information on factors and signaling pathways that promote Th17 cell differentiation with specific reference to kidney disease. We highlight numerous clinical studies that have investigated Th17 cells in the setting of human kidney disease and provide updated summaries from various experimental animal models of kidney disease indicating an important role for Th17 cells in renal fibrosis and hypertension. We focus on the pleiotropic effects of Th17 cells in different renal cell types as potentially relevant to the pathogenesis of kidney disease. Finally, we highlight studies that present contrasting roles for Th17 cells in kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Basile
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Md Mahbub Ullah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jason A Collet
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Purvi Mehrotra
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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17
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Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Ameliorates Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Glomerulonephritis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196978. [PMID: 32977372 PMCID: PMC7583818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) cytokine family and an inflammation-associated protein. Here, we investigated the role of GDF15 in murine anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis induction in mice induced systemic expression of GDF15. Moreover, we demonstrate the protective effects for GDF15, as GDF15-deficient mice exhibited increased proteinuria with an aggravated crescent formation and mesangial expansion in anti-GBM nephritis. Herein, GDF15 was required for the regulation of T-cell chemotactic chemokines in the kidney. In addition, we found the upregulation of the CXCR3 receptor in activated T-cells in GDF15-deficient mice. These data indicate that CXCL10/CXCR3-dependent-signaling promotes the infiltration of T cells into the organ during acute inflammation controlled by GDF15. Together, these results reveal a novel mechanism limiting the migration of lymphocytes to the site of inflammation during glomerulonephritis.
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18
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Krebs CF, Reimers D, Zhao Y, Paust HJ, Bartsch P, Nuñez S, Rosemblatt MV, Hellmig M, Kilian C, Borchers A, Enk LUB, Zinke M, Becker M, Schmid J, Klinge S, Wong MN, Puelles VG, Schmidt C, Bertram T, Stumpf N, Hoxha E, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Lindenmeyer MT, Cohen CD, Rink M, Kurts C, Franzenburg S, Koch-Nolte F, Turner JE, Riedel JH, Huber S, Gagliani N, Huber TB, Wiech T, Rohde H, Bono MR, Bonn S, Panzer U, Mittrücker HW. Pathogen-induced tissue-resident memory T H17 (T RM17) cells amplify autoimmune kidney disease. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/50/eaba4163. [PMID: 32769171 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aba4163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although it is well established that microbial infections predispose to autoimmune diseases, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. After infection, tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells persist in peripheral organs and provide immune protection against reinfection. However, whether TRM cells participate in responses unrelated to the primary infection, such as autoimmune inflammation, is unknown. By using high-dimensional single-cell analysis, we identified CD4+ TRM cells with a TH17 signature (termed TRM17 cells) in kidneys of patients with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. Experimental models demonstrated that renal TRM17 cells were induced by pathogens infecting the kidney, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and uropathogenic Escherichia coli, and persisted after the clearance of infections. Upon induction of experimental glomerulonephritis, these kidney TRM17 cells rapidly responded to local proinflammatory cytokines by producing IL-17A and thereby exacerbate renal pathology. Thus, our data show that pathogen-induced TRM17 cells have a previously unrecognized function in aggravating autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Krebs
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. .,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Reimers
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yu Zhao
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Bartsch
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Malte Hellmig
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Kilian
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alina Borchers
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leon U B Enk
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Zinke
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Becker
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joanna Schmid
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Klinge
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Milagros N Wong
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Victor G Puelles
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, and Center for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Constantin Schmidt
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tabea Bertram
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natascha Stumpf
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology (IMMEI), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elion Hoxha
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
- Institute for Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clemens D Cohen
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Nephrological Center, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology (IMMEI), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sören Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Riedel
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
| | - Holger Rohde
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Rosa Bono
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stefan Bonn
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Center for Biomedical AI, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. .,Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Mehrotra P, Sturek M, Neyra JA, Basile DP. Calcium channel Orai1 promotes lymphocyte IL-17 expression and progressive kidney injury. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:4951-4961. [PMID: 31415242 DOI: 10.1172/jci126108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) channel, Orai1, participates in the activation of Th17 cells and influences renal injury. In rats, following renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), there was a rapid and sustained influx of Orai1+ CD4 T cells and IL-17 expression was restricted to Orai1+ cells. When kidney CD4+ cells of post-acute kidney injury (post-AKI) rats were stimulated with angiotensin II and elevated Na+ (10-7 M/170 mM) in vitro, there was an enhanced response in intracellular Ca2+ and IL-17 expression, which was blocked by SOCE inhibitors 2APB, YM58483/BTP2, or AnCoA4. In vivo, YM58483/BTP2 (1 mg/kg) attenuated IL-17+ cell activation, inflammation, and severity of AKI following either I/R or intramuscular glycerol injection. Rats treated with high-salt diet (5-9 weeks after I/R) manifested progressive disease indicated by enhanced inflammation, fibrosis, and impaired renal function. These responses were significantly attenuated by YM58483/BTP2. In peripheral blood of critically ill patients, Orai1+ cells were significantly elevated by approximately 10-fold and Th17 cells were elevated by approximately 4-fold in AKI versus non-AKI patients. Further, in vitro stimulation of CD4+ cells from AKI patients increased IL-17, which was blocked by SOCE inhibitors. These data suggest that Orai1 SOCE is a potential therapeutic target in AKI and CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi Mehrotra
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Michael Sturek
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Javier A Neyra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Bone and Mineral Metabolism, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - David P Basile
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Medicine Division of Nephrology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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20
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Bittner-Eddy PD, Fischer LA, Costalonga M. Transient Expression of IL-17A in Foxp3 Fate-Tracked Cells in Porphyromonas gingivalis-Mediated Oral Dysbiosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:677. [PMID: 32391008 PMCID: PMC7190800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In periodontitis Porphyromonas gingivalis contributes to the development of a dysbiotic oral microbiome. This altered ecosystem elicits a diverse innate and adaptive immune response that simultaneously involves Th1, Th17, and Treg cells. It has been shown that Th17 cells can alter their gene expression to produce interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) is considered the master regulator of Treg cells that produce inhibitory cytokines like IL-10. Differentiation pathways that lead to Th17 and Treg cells from naïve progenitors are considered antagonistic. However, it has been reported that Treg cells expressing IL-17A as well as IFN-γ producing Th17 cells have been observed in several inflammatory conditions. Each scenario appears plausible with T cell transdifferentiation resulting from persistent microbial challenge and consequent inflammation. We established that oral colonization with P. gingivalis drives an initial IL-17A dominated Th17 response in the oral mucosa that is dependent on intraepithelial Langerhans cells (LCs). We hypothesized that Treg cells contribute to this initial IL-17A response through transient expression of IL-17A and that persistent mucosal colonization with P. gingivalis drives Th17 cells toward an IFN-γ phenotype at later stages of infection. We utilized fate-tracking mice where IL-17A- or Foxp3-promoter activity drives the permanent expression of red fluorescent protein tdTomato to test our hypothesis. At day 28 of infection timeline, Th17 cells dominated in the oral mucosa, outnumbering Th1 cells by 3:1. By day 48 this dominance was inverted with Th1 cells outnumbering Th17 cells by nearly 2:1. Tracking tdTomato+ Th17 cells revealed only sporadic transdifferentiation to an IFN-γ-producing phenotype by day 48; the appearance of Th1 cells at day 48 was due to a late de novo Th1 response. tdTomato+ Foxp3+ T cells were 35% of the total live CD4+T cells in the oral mucosa and 3.9% of them developed a transient IL-17A-producing phenotype by day 28. Interestingly, by day 48 these IL-17A-producing Foxp3+ T cells had disappeared. Therefore, persistent oral P. gingivalis infection stimulates an initial IL-17A-biased response led by Th17 cells and a small but significant number of IL-17A-expressing Treg cells that changes into a late de novo Th1 response with only sporadic transdifferentiation of Th17 cells.
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21
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Chang S, Li XK. The Role of Immune Modulation in Pathogenesis of IgA Nephropathy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:92. [PMID: 32266276 PMCID: PMC7105732 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, with diverse clinical manifestations characterized by recurrent gross hematuria or microscopic hematuria, and pathological changes featuring poorly O-galactosylated IgA1 deposition in the glomerular mesangium. Pathogenesis has always been the focus of IgAN studies. After 50 years of research, most scholars agree that IgAN is a group of clinicopathological syndromes with certain common immunopathological characteristics, and multiple mechanisms are involved in its pathogenesis, including immunology, genetics, and environmental or nutritional factors. However, the precise pathogenetic mechanisms have not been fully determined. One hypothesis about the pathogenesis of IgAN suggests that immunological factors are engaged in all aspects of IgAN development and play a critical role. A variety of immune cells (e.g., dendritic cells, NK cells, macrophages, T-lymphocyte subsets, and B-lymphocytes, etc.) and molecules (e.g., IgA receptors, Toll-like receptors, complements, etc.) in innate and adaptive immunity are involved in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Moreover, the abnormality of mucosal immune regulation is the core of IgAN immunopathogenesis. The roles of tonsil immunity or intestinal mucosal immunity, which have received more attention in recent years, are supported by mounting evidence. In this review, we will explore the latest research insights on the role of immune modulation in the pathogenesis of IgAN. With a better understanding of immunopathogenesis of IgAN, emerging therapies will soon become realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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Ccr6 Deficiency Attenuates Spontaneous Chronic Colitis in Winnie. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord2010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The immune-modulator behaviour of the CCR6/CCL20 axis in multi -system pathophysiology and molecular signalling was investigated at two clinically significant time points, using a Ccr6—deficient mouse model of spontaneous colitis. Methods:Four groups of mice, (C57BL/6J, Ccr6−/− of C57BL/6J, Winnie × Ccr6−/− and Winnie) were utilized and (I) colonic clinical parameters (2) histology of colon, spleen, kidney and liver (3) T and B lymphocyte distribution in the spleen and MLN by flowcytometry (5) colonic CCL20, phosphorylated PI3K and phosphorylated Akt expression by immunohistochemistry and (6) colonic cytokine expression by RT-PCR were evaluated. Results: CCR6 deficiency was shown to attenuate inflammation in the spleen, liver and gut while renal histology remained unaffected. Marked focal lobular inflammation with reactive nuclear features were observed in hepatocytes and a significant neutrophil infiltration in red pulp with extra medullary hemopoiesis in the spleen existed in Winnie. These changes were considerably reduced in Winnie × Ccr6−/− with elevated goblet cell numbers and mucus production in the colonic epithelium. Conclusions: Results indicate that Ccr6-deficiency in the colitis model contributes towards resolution of disease. Our findings demonstrate an intricate networking role for CCR6 in immune activation, which is downregulated by Ccr6 deficiency, and could provide newer clinical therapies in colitis.
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23
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Odobasic D, Ruth AJ, Oudin V, Kitching AR, Holdsworth SR. OX40 ligand is inhibitory during the effector phase of crescentic glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 34:429-441. [PMID: 29939347 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The functional relevance of OX40 ligand (OX40L) in the effector phase of crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) is unknown. These studies defined the role of endogenous OX40L during the effector stage of murine crescentic GN. METHODS GN was induced by immunization with sheep globulin/adjuvant on Day 0 and injection of sheep anti-mouse glomerular basement membrane immunoglobulin (Ig) on Day 10. Rat IgG or neutralizing anti-OX40L antibody was administered on Days 10-18 and immune responses and renal injury assessed on Day 20. RESULTS Compared with naïve animals, OX40L was upregulated in the lymph nodes (LNs) and on leucocytes and resident non-immune cells in the kidneys of mice with GN. Inhibition of OX40L in GN augmented renal injury, as indicated by increased crescent formation, proteinuria and glomerular leucocyte accumulation. In line with increased injury, anti-OX40L treatment increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of CD4 T cells in the LNs, without affecting LN CD4 cytokine production and CD8 T-cell responses. Blockade of OX40L decreased LN regulatory T-cell (Treg) proliferation, transforming growth factor β production and foxp3 expression. OX40L inhibition did not affect B cell expansion or circulating antibody levels. In the kidney, neutralization of OX40L augmented interferon γ (IFNγ) expression by CD4 and CD8 T cells and shifted macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. CONCLUSIONS OX40L is protective during the effector phase of murine crescentic GN by reducing the expansion of CD4 T cells and enhancing Treg responses in the LNs, and by locally inhibiting T-cell IFNγ production and pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Odobasic
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda J Ruth
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Virginie Oudin
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen R Holdsworth
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Gan PY, Chan A, Ooi JD, Dick J, Nagai K, O'Sullivan KM, Oudin V, Shim R, Kitching AR, Holdsworth SR. Biologicals targeting T helper cell subset differentiating cytokines are effective in the treatment of murine anti-myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 2019; 96:1121-1133. [PMID: 31443998 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anti-myeloperoxidase nephritogenic autoimmunity induces severe glomerulonephritis. To assess the therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies targeting T helper (Th) subset differentiation determining cytokines, we studied a murine model of anti-myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis. The temporal participation of T helper subsets was determined by quantitating gene expression of CD4+ T-cells isolated from nephritic kidneys and cytokine production by lymphocytes from nodes draining myeloperoxidase immunization sites. Th17 cytokines (IL-17A and IL-6) rose rapidly but declined as autoimmunity matured when Th1 cytokines (IL-12 and TNF) predominated. Therefore, T helper subset participation in anti-myeloperoxidase autoimmunity is biphasic, with Th17 early and Th1 late. To confirm the functional relevance of this biphasic pattern, we compared systemic anti-myeloperoxidase autoimmunity in wild type, Th17 deficient and Th1 deficient mice. Early, Th1 deficient mice developed similar autoimmunity and glomerulonephritis to wild type mice. However, Th17 deficient mice had significantly reduced anti-myeloperoxidase autoimmunity. In late autoimmunity, Th1 deficient mice developed reduced autoimmunity and were protected from anti-myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis. The therapeutic potential of these findings were demonstrated by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Targeting IL-23p19 attenuated early Th17 dominated anti-myeloperoxidase autoimmunity and glomerulonephritis but not late phase disease. Targeting IL-12p35 attenuated late phase Th1 dominated anti-myeloperoxidase autoimmunity and glomerulonephritis but not early autoimmunity or glomerulonephritis. Targeting both T helper subsets with an anti-IL-12p40 monoclonal antibody was effective during both early and late phases of anti-myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis. Thus, definition of dominant T helper differentiating subsets in anti-myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis by renal CD4+ T-cell cytokine gene expression allows effective proper phase monoclonal antibody treatment of anti-myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poh-Yi Gan
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Amy Chan
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan Dick
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kei Nagai
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kim M O'Sullivan
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Virginie Oudin
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raymond Shim
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen R Holdsworth
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Gnirck AC, Wunderlich M, Becker M, Xiong T, Weinert E, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Dumoutier L, Renauld JC, Huber S, Panzer U, Turner JE. Endogenous IL-22 is dispensable for experimental glomerulonephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F712-F722. [PMID: 30724106 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00303.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the cytokine interleukin (IL)-22 attracted considerable attention due to its important immunoregulatory function in barrier tissues, such as the gut, lung, and skin. Although a regenerative role of IL-22 in renal tubular damage has been demonstrated, the role of IL-22 in the immunopathogenesis of glomerular injury is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the IL-22 receptor is expressed in the glomerular compartment of the kidney and that IL-22 expression increases in the renal cortex after induction of glomerular injury in a mouse model for crescentic glomerulonephritis (cGN, nephrotoxic nephritis). We identified γδ T cells and TH17 cells as major sources for IL-22 in the nephritic kidney. However, neither genetic or antibody-mediated deletion of IL-22 nor genetic deficiency in its endogenous inhibitor IL-22Rα2 (IL-22 binding protein) resulted in substantial phenotypic differences in mice with cGN with respect to crescent formation, tubulointerstitial damage, and kidney function impairment. Similarly, we did not observe significant differences between wild-type or IL-22-deficient mice in a mouse model of secondary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (adriamycin-induced nephropathy). As shown previously, we detected concomitant upregulation of IL-17A and IFN-γ production by T cells during the course of cGN, providing alternative cytokine pathways that mediate glomerular injury in this model. In conclusion, we show here that endogenous IL-22 expression is redundant in different forms of glomerular injury, indicating that the IL-22-directed therapies that are being tested in various human diseases might not affect the kidney in patients with glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Gnirck
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Malte Wunderlich
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Martina Becker
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Tingting Xiong
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ella Weinert
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
- Institut für Zelluläre und Integrative Physiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg , Germany
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Brussels , Belgium
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Samuel Huber
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
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26
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Kasinath V, Yilmam OA, Uehara M, Jiang L, Ordikhani F, Li X, Salant DJ, Abdi R. Activation of fibroblastic reticular cells in kidney lymph node during crescentic glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 2019; 95:310-320. [PMID: 30522766 PMCID: PMC6342621 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Crescentic glomerulonephritis is an inflammatory condition characterized by rapid deterioration of kidney function. Previous studies of crescentic glomerulonephritis have focused on immune activation in the kidney. However, the role of fibroblastic reticular cells, which reside in the stromal compartment of the kidney lymph node, has not been studied in this condition. We investigated the activation of kidney lymph node-resident fibroblastic reticular cells in nephrotoxic serum nephritis, a classic murine model of crescentic glomerulonephritis. We found that increased deposition of extracellular matrix fibers by fibroblastic reticular cells in the kidney lymph node was associated with the propagation of high endothelial venules, specialized blood vessels through which lymphocytes enter the lymph node, as well as with expansion of the lymphatic vasculature. The kidney lymph node also contained an expanding population of pro-inflammatory T cells. Removal of the kidney lymph node, depletion of fibroblastic reticular cells, and treatment with anti-podoplanin antibody each resulted in reduction of kidney injury. Our findings suggest that modulating the activity of fibroblastic reticular cells may be a novel therapeutic approach in crescentic glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Osman A Yilmam
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mayuko Uehara
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Farideh Ordikhani
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David J Salant
- Renal Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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27
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Larosa M, Zen M, Gatto M, Jesus D, Zanatta E, Iaccarino L, Inês L, Doria A. IL-12 and IL-23/Th17 axis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:42-51. [PMID: 30664357 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218824547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Our article is focused on emerging pathogenetic pathways in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Notably, IL-12 and IL-23 have been described as emerging cytokines in SLE pathogenesis. We know that IL-23 stimulates Th17 cells to produce IL-17. We try to point out the importance of IL-23/Th17 axis in SLE and to focus on the interaction between this axis and IL-12. Ustekinumab, a fully human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody directed towards the p40 shared subunit of IL-12 and IL-23, has been recently investigated in SLE, suggesting a potential novel therapeutic strategy in SLE. To our knowledge, there are no reviews which simultaneously focus on IL-12 an IL-23/Th17 axis in SLE. Thus, we believe our work will be of interest to the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Larosa
- 1 Department of Medicine-DIMED, Division of Rheumatology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Margherita Zen
- 1 Department of Medicine-DIMED, Division of Rheumatology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Mariele Gatto
- 1 Department of Medicine-DIMED, Division of Rheumatology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Diogo Jesus
- 2 Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisabetta Zanatta
- 1 Department of Medicine-DIMED, Division of Rheumatology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Iaccarino
- 1 Department of Medicine-DIMED, Division of Rheumatology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Luis Inês
- 2 Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.,3 Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,4 Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Andrea Doria
- 1 Department of Medicine-DIMED, Division of Rheumatology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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28
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Klinge S, Yan K, Reimers D, Brede KM, Schmid J, Paust HJ, Krebs CF, Panzer U, Hopfer H, Mittrücker HW. Role of regulatory T cells in experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F572-F581. [PMID: 30648909 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00558.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is characterized by antibodies and T cells directed against the Goodpasture antigen, the noncollagenous domain of the α3-chain of type IV collagen [α3(IV)NC1] of the GBM. Consequences are the deposition of autoantibodies along the GBM and the development of crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) with rapid loss of renal function. Forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3)+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are crucial for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance to self-antigens and the prevention of immunopathology. Here, we use the mouse model of experimental autoimmune GN to characterize the role of Treg cells in anti-GBM disease. Immunization of DBA/1 mice with α3(IV)NC1 induced the formation of α3(IV)NC1-specific T cells and antibodies and, after 8-10 wk, the development of crescentic GN. Immunization resulted in increased frequencies of peripheral Treg cells and renal accumulation of these cells in the stage of acute GN. Depletion of Treg cells during immunization led to enhanced generation of α3(IV)NC1-specific antibodies and T cells and to aggravated GN. In contrast, depletion or expansion of the Treg cell population in mice with established autoimmunity had only minor consequences for renal inflammation and did not alter the severity of GN. In conclusion, our results indicate that in anti-GBM disease, Treg cells restrict the induction of autoimmunity against α3(IV)NC1. However, Treg cells are inefficient in preventing crescentic GN after autoimmunity has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Klinge
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Karsten Yan
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Daniel Reimers
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Karen-Maria Brede
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Joanna Schmid
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- Section of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Christian F Krebs
- Section of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- Section of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Helmut Hopfer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
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29
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Th17 cells in renal inflammation and autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 18:129-136. [PMID: 30572135 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Th17 cells are a distinct lineage of T-cells. These T-cells express IL-17A and the lineage-defining transcription factor RORγt. Th17 cells have a pivotal, physiological role in host defense against pathogens. These pro-inflammatory T-cells are also key players in autoimmunity and a pathogenic role has been demonstrated in several diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis. Recently, there is evidence that Th17 cells may drive renal inflammation and renal autoimmunity in anti-neutrophil-cytoplasmic-antibody-(ANCA)-vasculitis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The aim of this review is to discuss the possible involvement of Th17 cells in renal autoimmunity and its value for future therapeutic approaches.
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30
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Schmidt T, Luebbe J, Paust HJ, Panzer U. Mechanisms and functions of IL-17 signaling in renal autoimmune diseases. Mol Immunol 2018; 104:90-99. [PMID: 30448610 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immune-mediated glomerular diseases (glomerulonephritis) encompass a heterogeneous collection of diseases that cause inflammation within the glomerulus and other renal compartments with significant morbidity and mortality. In general, CD4+ T cells orchestrate the immune response and play a unique role in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. In particular, the characterization of a distinct, IL-17 cytokines producing CD4+ T cell subset named TH17 cells has significantly advanced the current understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of organ-specific immunity. Our group and others have shown that the recruitment of TH17 cells to the inflamed kidney drives renal tissue injury in experimental and possibly human crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN), but much remains to be understood about the biological functions, regulation, and signaling pathways of the TH17/IL-17 axis leading to organ damage. Here we review our current knowledge about the mechanisms and functions of IL-17 signaling in renal autoimmune diseases, with a special focus on experimental and human crescentic GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Schmidt
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Luebbe
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Section of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Section of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Section of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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31
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González-Guerrero C, Morgado-Pascual JL, Cannata-Ortiz P, Ramos-Barron MA, Gómez-Alamillo C, Arias M, Mezzano S, Egido J, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ortiz A, Ramos AM. CCL20 blockade increases the severity of nephrotoxic folic acid-induced acute kidney injury. J Pathol 2018; 246:191-204. [PMID: 29984403 DOI: 10.1002/path.5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The chemokine CCL20 activates the CCR6 receptor and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of glomerular injury. However, it is unknown whether it contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI). We identified CCL20 as upregulated in a systems biology strategy combining transcriptomics of kidney tissue from experimental toxic folic acid-induced AKI and from stressed cultured tubular cells and have explored the expression and function of CCL20 in experimental and clinical AKI. CCL20 upregulation was confirmed in three models of kidney injury induced by a folic acid overdose, cisplatin or unilateral ureteral obstruction. In injured kidneys, CCL20 was expressed by tubular, endothelial, and interstitial cells, and was also upregulated in human kidneys with AKI. Urinary CCL20 was increased in human AKI and was associated with severity. The function of CCL20 in nephrotoxic folic acid-induced AKI was assessed by using neutralising anti-CCL20 antibodies or CCR6-deficient mice. CCL20/CCR6 targeting increased the severity of kidney failure and mortality. This was associated with more severe histological injury, nephrocalcinosis, capillary rarefaction, and fibrosis, as well as higher expression of tubular injury-associated genes. Surprisingly, mice with CCL20 blockade had a lower tubular proliferative response and a higher number of cells in the G2/M phase, suggesting impaired repair mechanisms. This may be related to a lower influx of Tregs, despite a milder inflammatory response in terms of chemokine expression and infiltration by IL-17+ cells and neutrophils. In conclusion, CCL20 has a nephroprotective role during AKI, both by decreasing tissue injury and by facilitating repair. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian González-Guerrero
- Laboratory of Nephrology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN)
| | | | - Pablo Cannata-Ortiz
- Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Ramos-Barron
- Nephrology Investigation Unit, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL (Instituto de Investigacion Valdecilla), Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Alamillo
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN).,Nephrology Investigation Unit, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL (Instituto de Investigacion Valdecilla), Santander, Spain
| | - Manuel Arias
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN).,Nephrology Investigation Unit, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL (Instituto de Investigacion Valdecilla), Santander, Spain
| | - Sergio Mezzano
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jesús Egido
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN).,Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory. School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Laboratory of Nephrology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN)
| | - Adrián M Ramos
- Laboratory of Nephrology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN)
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32
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Gan L, Zhu M, Li X, Chen C, Meng T, Pu J, Luo H, Shao F, Zhou Q. Tonsillitis exacerbates renal injury in IgA nephropathy through promoting Th22 cells chemotaxis. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:1285-1292. [PMID: 29549623 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tonsillitis can promote the progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) by aggravating immunopathologic response. Th22 cell disorder is involved in the pathogenesis of IgAN with tonsillitis. This study was determined to explore the possible mechanism of IgAN with tonsillitis underlying Th22 cell chemotaxis response to the effect of CCL20, CCL22, and CCL27. METHODS This research was conducted on 65 subjects including 16 healthy controls (HC group), 5 patients with renal carcinoma (HTC group) and 44 patients with IgAN between 2015 and 2016. According to clinical symptoms and results of throat swab culture, patients with IgAN were divided into two groups: IgAN with tonsillitis (IgAN + tonsillitis, n = 14) and IgAN patients without tonsillitis (IgAN, n = 30). Distribution of Th22 cells in IgAN patients was determined. The expression of CCL20, CCL22, and CCL27 in both peripheral blood and kidneys of IgAN patients was investigated. Severity of pathological lesions in IgAN patients was analyzed. Coculture assay and transwell assay were performed to explore the impacts of human mesangial cells (HMC) on Th22 cell chemotaxis and Th22 cell local accumulation under hemolytic streptococcus (HS) infection. RESULTS Th22 cell percentages in IgAN patients increased compared with healthy controls. This increased Th22 cell percentage was positively correlated with the renal lesions of IgAN patients. Correspondingly, the expression of CCL20, CCL22, and CCL27 in renal tissue increased in IgAN patients. Tonsillitis exacerbated these overrepresentations of Th22 cells and chemokines. It was found that HMC could produce CCL20, CCL22, and CCL27. The supernatant of HMC was chemotactic for Th22 cells. This activity of HMC was stimulated by HS infection, whereas treatment of anti-CCL20, anti-CCL22, and anti-CCL27 antibodies partly blocked this chemoattractant effect of HMC. CONCLUSIONS Tonsil infection may aggravate the renal pathological lesions of IgAN by exacerbating Th22 cell accumulation. Our data suggested a collaboration between HMC and Th22 cells in IgAN with tonsillitis underlying the effects of CCL20, CCL22, and CCL27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Department of Nephrology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Xiaozhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxi Pu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiming Luo
- Department of Nephrology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengmin Shao
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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33
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Krohn S, Nies JF, Kapffer S, Schmidt T, Riedel JH, Kaffke A, Peters A, Borchers A, Steinmetz OM, Krebs CF, Turner JE, Brix SR, Paust HJ, Stahl RAK, Panzer U. IL-17C/IL-17 Receptor E Signaling in CD4 + T Cells Promotes T H17 Cell-Driven Glomerular Inflammation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:1210-1222. [PMID: 29483158 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017090949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-17 cytokine family and the cognate receptors thereof have a unique role in organ-specific autoimmunity. Most studies have focused on the founding member of the IL-17 family, IL-17A, as the central mediator of diseases. Indeed, although pathogenic functions have been ascribed to IL-17A and IL-17F in the context of immune-mediated glomerular diseases, the specific functions of the other IL-17 family members in immunity and inflammatory kidney diseases is largely unknown. Here, we report that compared with healthy controls, patients with acute Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody (ANCA)-associated crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) had significantly elevated serum levels of IL-17C (but not IL-17A, F, or E). In mouse models of crescentic GN (nephrotoxic nephritis) and pristane-induced lupus nephritis, deficiency in IL-17C significantly ameliorated the course of GN in terms of renal tissue injury and kidney function. Deficiency of the unique IL-17C receptor IL-17 receptor E (IL-17RE) provided similar protection against crescentic GN. These protective effects associated with a reduced TH17 response. Bone marrow transplantation experiments revealed that IL-17C is produced by tissue-resident cells, but not by lymphocytes. Finally, IL-17RE was highly expressed by CD4+ TH17 cells, and loss of this expression prevented the TH17 responses and subsequent tissue injury in crescentic GN. Our findings indicate that IL-17C promotes TH17 cell responses and immune-mediated kidney disease via IL-17RE expressed on CD4+ TH17 cells. Targeting the IL-17C/IL-17RE pathway may present an intriguing therapeutic strategy for TH17-induced autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Krohn
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasper F Nies
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Kapffer
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Schmidt
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Riedel
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Kaffke
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anett Peters
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alina Borchers
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver M Steinmetz
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F Krebs
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke R Brix
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rolf A K Stahl
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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34
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Krebs CF, Panzer U. Plasticity and heterogeneity of Th17 in immune-mediated kidney diseases. J Autoimmun 2017; 87:61-68. [PMID: 29275837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis, anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis are the most common causes of rapid progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) in the Western world. These aggressive forms of autoimmune kidney diseases significantly contribute to end-stage renal disease and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Moreover, patients show significant heterogeneity with respect to clinical outcome and response to therapy. T cell infiltration is a morphological hallmark of RPGN and it is a critical driver of kidney injury. Different CD4+ T cell subsets that are endowed with distinct regulatory and effector functions are involved in this detrimental inflammatory process. In particular, the identification and functional characterization of IL-17-expressing CD4+ Th17 cells have substantially advanced our understanding of organ-specific autoimmunity. In experimental models of crescentic and proliferative GN, including ANCA-associated GN, anti-GBM-GN and lupus nephritis, the Th17/IL-17 axis significantly contributes to renal tissue damage. In patients with ANCA-associated GN or lupus nephritis, IL-17 serum levels correlated with disease activity. Moreover, Th17 cells are present in the kidneys of these patients and represents a topic of intense ongoing clinical and basic research. Importantly, recent studies have challenged the view of CD4+ T cells subsets as terminally differentiated homogenous cells, showing that T cells, in particular Th17 cells, are much more flexible and heterogeneous than previously thought. However, analysis of Th17 cell fate in mouse models of autoimmune kidney disease revealed a high degree of stability within these cells, an observation that is in contrast to Th17 cells in other models of autoimmune diseases including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Interestingly, anti-CD3 treatment interferes with stable Th17 cells and induces a potential regulatory phenotype in Th17 cells, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting pathogenic Th17 cells in autoimmunity. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of Th17 cell plasticity and heterogeneity in autoimmune kidney diseases with a special focus on the underlying mechanisms of this process and debate if Th17 cell plasticity is beneficial or harmful to renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Krebs
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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35
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Selvaraj S, Oh JH, Spanel R, Länger F, Han HY, Lee EH, Yoon S, Borlak J. The pathogenesis of diclofenac induced immunoallergic hepatitis in a canine model of liver injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107763-107824. [PMID: 29296203 PMCID: PMC5746105 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is a common adverse drug reaction and may result in serious inflammatory reactions of the liver. To investigate mechanism of immunoallergic hepatitis beagle dogs were given 1 or 3 mg/kg/day (HD) oral diclofenac for 28 days. HD diclofenac treatment caused liver function test abnormalities, reduced haematocrit and haemoglobin but induced reticulocyte, WBC, platelet, neutrophil and eosinophil counts. Histopathology evidenced hepatic steatosis and glycogen depletion, apoptosis, acute lobular hepatitis, granulomas and mastocytosis. Whole genome scans revealed 663 significantly regulated genes of which 82, 47 and 25 code for stress, immune response and inflammation. Immunopathology confirmed strong induction of IgM, the complement factors C3&B, SAA, SERPING1 and others of the classical and alternate pathway. Alike, marked expression of CD205 and CD74 in Kupffer cells and lymphocytes facilitate antigen presentation and B-cell differentiation. The highly induced HIF1A and KLF6 protein expression in mast cells and macrophages sustain inflammation. Furthermore, immunogenomics discovered 24, 17, 6 and 11 significantly regulated marker genes to hallmark M1/M2 polarized macrophages, lymphocytic and granulocytic infiltrates; note, the latter was confirmed by CAE staining. Other highly regulated genes included alpha-2-macroglobulin, CRP, hepcidin, IL1R1, S100A8 and CCL20. Diclofenac treatment caused unprecedented induction of myeloperoxidase in macrophages and oxidative stress as shown by SOD1/SOD2 immunohistochemistry. Lastly, bioinformatics defined molecular circuits of inflammation and consisted of 161 regulated genes. Altogether, the mechanism of diclofenac induced liver hypersensitivity reactions involved oxidative stress, macrophage polarization, mastocytosis, complement activation and an erroneous programming of the innate and adaptive immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanakumar Selvaraj
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jung-Hwa Oh
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Reinhard Spanel
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, 41747 Viersen, Germany
| | - Florian Länger
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hyoung-Yun Han
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjoo Yoon
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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36
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Krebs CF, Paust HJ, Krohn S, Koyro T, Brix SR, Riedel JH, Bartsch P, Wiech T, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Huang J, Fischer N, Busch P, Mittrücker HW, Steinhoff U, Stockinger B, Perez LG, Wenzel UO, Janneck M, Steinmetz OM, Gagliani N, Stahl RAK, Huber S, Turner JE, Panzer U. Autoimmune Renal Disease Is Exacerbated by S1P-Receptor-1-Dependent Intestinal Th17 Cell Migration to the Kidney. Immunity 2017; 45:1078-1092. [PMID: 27851911 PMCID: PMC6381450 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Th17 cells are most abundant in the gut, where their presence depends on the intestinal microbiota. Here, we examined whether intestinal Th17 cells contribute to extra-intestinal Th17 responses in autoimmune kidney disease. We found high frequencies of Th17 cells in the kidneys of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis. We utilized photoconversion of intestinal cells in Kaede mice to track intestinal T cell mobilization upon glomerulonephritis induction, and we found that Th17 cells egress from the gut in a S1P-receptor-1-dependent fashion and subsequently migrate to the kidney via the CCL20/CCR6 axis. Depletion of intestinal Th17 cells in germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice ameliorated renal disease, whereas expansion of these cells upon Citrobacter rodentium infection exacerbated pathology. Thus, in some autoimmune settings, intestinal Th17 cells migrate into target organs, where they contribute to pathology. Targeting the intestinal Th17 cell "reservoir" may present a therapeutic strategy for these autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Krebs
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Krohn
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Koyro
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke R Brix
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Riedel
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Bartsch
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Jiabin Huang
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie, und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Fischer
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie, und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Busch
- Klinik für Allgemeinchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Institut für Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Steinhoff
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Laura Garcia Perez
- I. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich O Wenzel
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Janneck
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver M Steinmetz
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Klinik für Allgemeinchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rolf A K Stahl
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
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37
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Krebs CF, Schmidt T, Riedel JH, Panzer U. T helper type 17 cells in immune-mediated glomerular disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2017; 13:647-659. [PMID: 28781371 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are important drivers of tissue damage in immune-mediated renal diseases, such as anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis, and lupus nephritis. The discovery of a distinct, IL-17-producing CD4+ T-cell lineage termed T helper type 17 (TH17) cells has markedly advanced current understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of organ-specific immunity and the pathways that lead to target organ damage. TH17 cells are characterized by the expression of the transcription factor RORγt, the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, and high expression of the chemokine receptor C-C-motif chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6). An emerging body of evidence from experimental models and human studies supports a key role for these cells in the development of renal damage, and has led to the identification of targets to inhibit the production of TH17 cells in the intestine, their migration, or their actions within the kidney. Here, we describe the identification, regulation, and function of TH17 cells and their associated pathways in immune-mediated kidney diseases, with a particular focus on the mechanisms underlying renal tissue injury. We also discuss the rationale for the translation of these findings into new therapeutic approaches in patients with autoimmune kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Krebs
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Schmidt
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Riedel
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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38
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Koga T, Otomo K, Mizui M, Yoshida N, Umeda M, Ichinose K, Kawakami A, Tsokos GC. Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase IV Facilitates the Recruitment of Interleukin-17-Producing Cells to Target Organs Through the CCR6/CCL20 Axis in Th17 Cell-Driven Inflammatory Diseases. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 68:1981-8. [PMID: 26945541 DOI: 10.1002/art.39665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The recruitment of interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper (Th17) cells to inflammatory sites has been implicated in the development of organ damage in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To define the mechanism of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase IV (CaMKIV) activation of Th17 cell recruitment to target tissues, we performed anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-induced glomerulonephritis (AIGN) experiments in mice and studied samples from patients with SLE. METHODS We induced experimental AIGN in CaMKIV-sufficient or CaMKIV-deficient mice and compared histology, Th17 cell-related chemokine expression, and numbers of IL-17-producing cells in kidneys. We also evaluated the efficacy of the CaMKIV inhibitor KN-93 in AIGN-induced kidney disease. The expression of CCR6 in memory CD4+ T cells before AIGN induction was analyzed by flow cytometry. We investigated the correlation between CCR6 expression in peripheral blood and the severity of glomerulonephritis in patients with SLE. RESULTS CaMKIV-deficient mice displayed less glomerular injury after induction of AIGN. Kidney infiltration by IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells along with CCR6 and CCL20 expression were significantly decreased in CaMKIV-deficient mice. Similarly, treatment of mice with KN-93 improved clinical and pathologic outcomes. Expression and function of CCR6 in peripheral blood memory CD4+ T cells was decreased in CaMKIV-deficient mice. Expression of CCR6 correlated positively with severity of organ damage in SLE patients. CONCLUSION CaMKIV inhibition represents a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of Th17 cell-mediated tissue damage in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Koga
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, and Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kotaro Otomo
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masayuki Mizui
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nobuya Yoshida
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - George C Tsokos
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Caster DJ, Powell DW, Miralda I, Ward RA, McLeish KR. Re-Examining Neutrophil Participation in GN. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2275-2289. [PMID: 28620081 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016121271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant advances in understanding the pathogenesis of GN have occurred in recent decades. Among those advances is the finding that both innate and adaptive immune cells contribute to the development of GN. Neutrophils were recognized as key contributors in early animal models of GN, at a time when the prevailing view considered neutrophils to function as nonspecific effector cells that die quickly after performing antimicrobial functions. However, advances over the past two decades have shown that neutrophil functions are more complex and sophisticated. Specifically, research has revealed that neutrophil survival is regulated by the inflammatory milieu and that neutrophils demonstrate plasticity, mediate microbial killing through previously unrecognized mechanisms, demonstrate transcriptional activity leading to the release of cytokines and chemokines, interact with and regulate cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and contribute to the resolution of inflammation. Therefore, neutrophil participation in glomerular diseases deserves re-evaluation. In this review, we describe advances in understanding classic neutrophil functions, review the expanded roles of neutrophils in innate and adaptive immune responses, and summarize current knowledge of neutrophil contributions to GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn J Caster
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, .,Nephrology Section, Medicine Service, Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, and
| | - David W Powell
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Irina Miralda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Richard A Ward
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kenneth R McLeish
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.,Nephrology Section, Medicine Service, Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, and
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Lu G, Zhang X, Shen L, Qiao Q, Li Y, Sun J, Zhang J. CCL20 secreted from IgA1-stimulated human mesangial cells recruits inflammatory Th17 cells in IgA nephropathy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178352. [PMID: 28552941 PMCID: PMC5446182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis characterized by human mesangial cells (HMC) proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion associated with immune deposits consisting of galactose-deficient IgA1. However, how IgA1 contributes to IgAN has yet to be completely elucidated. In this study, the expression profile of chemokines was more altered in IgA1-treated HMC than in the control group. CCL20 was significantly higher either in the serum of IgAN patients or in IgA1-treated HMC. Further experiments demonstrated that CCR6, the only receptor of CCL20, was highly expressed in activated T cells. Intracellular staining assay and cytokine expression profile implied that CCR6+ T cells produced high IL-17 levels. Transwell experiment immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence experiments extensively demonstrated that CCL20 could recruit inflammatory Th17 cells to the kidneys. These phenomena caused a series of immune inflammatory responses and further damaged the kidneys. Therefore, HMC stimulated by IgA1 could produce CCL20 and consequently recruit inflammatory Th17 cells to the kidneys to induce further lesion in IgA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Qiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieqiong Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Yang C, Huang XR, Fung E, Liu HF, Lan HY. The Regulatory T-cell Transcription Factor Foxp3 Protects against Crescentic Glomerulonephritis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1481. [PMID: 28469165 PMCID: PMC5431186 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to play a protective role in glomerulonephritis (GN) and Foxp3 is a master transcription factor in Treg development. In this study, we examined the functional role and mechanisms of Foxp3 in a mouse model of accelerated anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) GN induced in antigen-primed Foxp3 transgenic (Tg) mice. Compared with littermate of wildtype (WT) mice in which induced severe crescentic GN developed with progressive renal dysfunction, Foxp3 Tg mice had reduced crescent formation, urinary protein excretion, plasma creatinine and decline in creatinine clearance. The protective role of Foxp3 in crescentic GN was associated with a markedly suppressed expression of proinflammatory interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and diminished infiltration of the kidneys by CD3+ T cells and F4/80+ macrophages. Moreover, overexpression of Foxp3 resulted in a significant increase in CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs systemically and in the diseased kidneys, thereby blunting Th1, Th2, and Th17 responses systemically and in the kidneys. In conclusion, Foxp3 protects against kidney injury in crescentic GN through enhancement of Treg numbers and function, and suppression of Th1, Th2 and Th17 immune responses at the systemic and local tissue levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Erik Fung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Cortvrindt C, Speeckaert R, Moerman A, Delanghe JR, Speeckaert MM. The role of interleukin-17A in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Pathology 2017; 49:247-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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43
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NLRP3 inflammasome: Pathogenic role and potential therapeutic target for IgA nephropathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41123. [PMID: 28117341 PMCID: PMC5259731 DOI: 10.1038/srep41123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously showed that IL-1β is involved in the pathogenesis of both spontaneously occurring and passively induced IgA nephropathy (IgAN) models. However, the exact causal-relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome and the pathogenesis of IgAN remains unknown. In the present study, we showed that [1] IgA immune complexes (ICs) activated NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages involving disruption of mitochondrial integrity and induction of mitochondrial ROS, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and renal intrinsic cells; [2] knockout of NLRP3 inhibited IgA ICs-mediated activation of BMDCs and T cells; and [3] knockout of NLRP3 or a kidney-targeting delivery of shRNA of NLRP3 improved renal function and renal injury in a mouse IgAN model. These results strongly suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome serves as a key player in the pathogenesis of IgAN partly through activation of T cells and mitochondrial ROS production and that a local, kidney-targeting suppression of NLRP3 be a therapeutic strategy for IgAN.
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CD4 + T Cell Fate in Glomerulonephritis: A Tale of Th1, Th17, and Novel Treg Subtypes. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5393894. [PMID: 27974866 PMCID: PMC5126430 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5393894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have identified CD4+ T cells as central players of glomerulonephritis (GN). Cells of the Th1 and Th17 responses cause renal tissue damage, while Tregs mediate protection. Recently, a high degree of plasticity among these T cell lineages was proposed. During inflammation, Th17 cells were shown to have the potential of transdifferentiation into Th1, Th2, or alternatively anti-inflammatory Tr1 cells. Currently available data from studies in GN, however, do not indicate relevant Th17 to Th1 or Th2 conversion, leaving the Th17 cell fate enigmatic. Tregs, on the other hand, were speculated to transdifferentiate into Th17 cells. Again, data from GN do not support this concept. Rather, it seems that previously unrecognized subspecialized effector Treg lineages exist. These include Th1 specific Treg1 as well as Th17 directed Treg17 cells. Furthermore, a bifunctional Treg subpopulation was recently identified in GN, which secrets IL-17 and coexpresses Foxp3 together with the Th17 characteristic transcription factor RORγt. Similarities between these different and highly specialized effector Treg subpopulations with the corresponding T helper effector cell lineages might have resulted in previous misinterpretation as Treg transdifferentiation. In summary, Th17 cells have a relatively stable phenotype during GN, while, in the case of Tregs, currently available data suggest lineage heterogeneity rather than plasticity.
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45
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Rattazzi L, Piras G, Brod S, Smith K, Ono M, D'Acquisto F. Impact of Enriched Environment on Murine T Cell Differentiation and Gene Expression Profile. Front Immunol 2016; 7:381. [PMID: 27746779 PMCID: PMC5042968 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are known to be plastic and to change their phenotype according to the cellular and biochemical milieu they are embedded in. In this study, we transposed this concept at a macroscopic level assessing whether changes in the environmental housing conditions of C57/BL6 mice would influence the phenotype and function of T cells. Our study shows that exposure to 2 weeks in an enriched environment (EE) does not impact the T cell repertoire in vivo and causes no changes in the early TCR-driven activation events of these cells. Surprisingly, however, T cells from enriched mice showed a unique T helper effector cell phenotype upon differentiation in vitro. This was featured by a significant reduction in their ability to produce IFN-γ and by an increased release of IL-10 and IL-17. Microarray analysis of these cells also revealed a unique gene fingerprint with key signaling pathways involved in autoimmunity being modulated. Together, our results provide first evidence for a specific effect of EE on T cell differentiation and its associated changes in gene expression profile. In addition, our study sheds new light on the possible mechanisms by which changes in environmental factors can significantly influence the immune response of the host and favor the resolution of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Rattazzi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | - Giuseppa Piras
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | - Samuel Brod
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | - Koval Smith
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine , London , UK
| | - Fulvio D'Acquisto
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
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46
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Wei Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Du X, Luo Q, Sun J, Liu F, Li M, Xu F, Wei K, Dong J. Ligustrazine attenuates inflammation and the associated chemokines and receptors in ovalbumine-induced mouse asthma model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 46:55-61. [PMID: 27438894 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ligustrazine which is isolated from Chinese herb ligusticum chuanxiong hort, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for asthma treatment. In this study, we aim to observe the effect of ligustrazine on inflammation and the associated chemokines and receptors in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse asthma model. Our data demonstrates that ligustrazine suppresses airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine and lung inflammation in OVA-induced mouse asthma model. Ligustrazine also induces inhibition of inflammatory cells including neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils. In addition, ligustrazine significantly reduces IL-4, IL-5, IL-17A, CCL3, CCL19 and CCL21 level in BALF of asthma mice. Furthermore, ligustrazine induces down-regulation of CCL19 receptor CCR7, STAT3 and p38 MAPK protein expression. Collectively, these results suggest that ligustrazine is effective in attenuation of allergic airway inflammatory changes and related chemokines and receptors in OVA-induced asthma model, and this action might be associated with inhibition of STAT3 and p38 MAPK pathway, which indicates that ligustrazine may be used as a potential therapeutic method to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Qingli Luo
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Mihui Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, China.
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Lee H, Lee JW, Yoo KD, Yoo JY, Lee JP, Kim DK, Chin HJ, Kim YS, Yang SH. Cln 3-requiring 9 is a negative regulator of Th17 pathway-driven inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F505-19. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00533.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes promote renal inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates activation of Th17 lymphocytes by IL-6 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Cln 3-requiring 9 (Ctr9), a subunit of RNA polymerase-associated factor complex (PAFc), regulates the transcription of IL-6/STAT3-dependent genes. Here, we investigated the role of Ctr9 in regulating Th17-driven inflammation in anti-GBM GN. In mice, STAT3β or IL-17 knockout ameliorated anti-GBM autoantibody-induced renal injury. This phenomenon was associated with decreases in retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt), IL-17, phosphorylated STAT3, and proinflammatory cytokines. Compared with wild-type mice, Ctr9 increased in both STAT3β−/− and IL-17−/− mice injected with anti-GBM IgG, showing a negative correlation with Th17-related transcripts. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of Ctr9 in intrarenal lymphocytes further upregulated Th17-related transcripts, consistent with repression of Th17 differentiation by Ctr9. Interestingly, Ctr9 was also expressed in human and mouse mesangial cells and downregulated in response to anti-GBM IgG or to TGF-β plus IL-17. Ctr9 in mesangial cells was even more repressed in the presence of both anti-GBM IgG and Th17-activating cytokines. Consistent with these findings, renal biopsies obtained from patients with anti-GBM GN showed consistent downregulation of Ctr9 and upregulation of phosphorylated STAT3 and IL-17 in the glomerulus. We conclude that Ctr9 is a negative regulator of Th17 differentiation in anti-GBM GN and repressed by anti-GBM IgG and IL-17 in mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Nephrology Clinic, National Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Don Yoo
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Medical Center, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Yoo
- Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Ho Jun Chin
- Nephrology Clinic, National Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
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Guo L, Lee HH, Noriega MDLM, Paust HJ, Zahner G, Thaiss F. Lymphocyte-specific deletion of IKK2 or NEMO mediates an increase in intrarenal Th17 cells and accelerates renal damage in an ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1005-F1014. [PMID: 27582100 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00242.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with poor patient outcome and a global burden for end-stage renal disease. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the major causes of AKI, and experimental work has revealed many details of the inflammatory response in the kidney, such as activation of the NF-κB pathway. Here, we investigated whether deletion of the NF-κB kinases IKK2 or NEMO in lymphocytes or systemic inhibition of IKK2 would cause different kidney inflammatory responses after IRI induction. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, and renal tubular injury score were significantly increased in CD4creIKK2f/f (CD4xIKK2Δ) and CD4creNEMOf/f (CD4xNEMOΔ) mice compared with CD4cre mice after IRI induction. The frequency of Th17 cells infiltrating the kidneys of CD4xIKK2Δ or CD4xNEMOΔ mice was also significantly increased at all time points. CCL20, an important chemokine in Th17 cell recruitment, was significantly increased at early time points after the induction of IRI. IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL2 were also significantly increased in different patterns. A specific IKK2 inhibitor, KINK-1, reduced BUN and serum creatinine compared with nontreated mice after IRI induction, but the frequency of kidney Th17 cells was also significantly increased. In conclusion, although systemic IKK2 inhibition improved kidney function, lymphocyte-specific deletion of IKK2 or NEMO aggravated kidney injury after IRI, and, in both conditions, the percentage of Th17 cells was increased. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of the NF-κB pathway in Th17 activation, which advises caution when using systemic IKK2 inhibitors in patients with kidney injury, since they might impair the T cell response and aggravate renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Guo
- III Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Heejung Lee
- III Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Hans J Paust
- III Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Zahner
- III Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Thaiss
- III Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Nosko A, Kluger MA, Diefenhardt P, Melderis S, Wegscheid C, Tiegs G, Stahl RAK, Panzer U, Steinmetz OM. T-Bet Enhances Regulatory T Cell Fitness and Directs Control of Th1 Responses in Crescentic GN. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:185-196. [PMID: 27297951 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015070820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Th1 cells are central pathogenic mediators of crescentic GN (cGN). Mechanisms responsible for Th1 cell downregulation, however, remain widely unknown. Recently, it was proposed that activation of the Th1-characteristic transcription factor T-bet optimizes Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells to counteract Th1-type inflammation. Because very little is known about the role of T-bet+ Treg1 cells in inflammatory diseases, we studied the function of these cells in the nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN) model of cGN. The percentage of Treg1 cells progressively increased in kidneys of nephritic wild-type mice during the course of NTN, indicating their functional importance. Notably, naïve Foxp3CrexT-betfl/fl mice, lacking Treg1 cells, showed spontaneous skewing toward Th1 immunity. Furthermore, absence of Treg1 cells resulted in aggravated NTN with selectively dysregulated renal and systemic Th1 responses. Detailed analyses of Treg cells from Foxp3CrexT-betfl/fl mice revealed unaltered cytokine production and suppressive capacity. However, in competitive cotransfer experiments, wild-type Treg cells outcompeted T-bet-deficient Treg cells in terms of population expansion and expression levels of Foxp3, indicating that T-bet expression is crucial for general Treg fitness. Additionally, T-bet-deficient Treg cells lacked expression of the Th1-characteristic trafficking receptor CXCR3, which correlated with significant impairment of renal Treg infiltration. In summary, our data indicate a new subtype of Treg cells in cGN. These Treg1 cells are characterized by activation of the transcription factor T-bet, which enhances the overall fitness of these cells and optimizes their capacity to downregulate Th1 responses by inducing chemokine receptor CXCR3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Wegscheid
- Institut für experimentelle Immunologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institut für experimentelle Immunologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Krebs CF, Turner JE, Paust HJ, Kapffer S, Koyro T, Krohn S, Ufer F, Friese MA, Flavell RA, Stockinger B, Steinmetz OM, Stahl RAK, Huber S, Panzer U. Plasticity of Th17 Cells in Autoimmune Kidney Diseases. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:449-57. [PMID: 27271566 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability of CD4(+) T cells to differentiate into pathogenic Th1 and Th17 or protective T regulatory cells plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Recent data suggest that CD4(+) T cell subsets display a considerable plasticity. This plasticity seems to be a critical factor for their pathogenicity, but also for the potential transition of pathogenic effector T cells toward a more tolerogenic phenotype. The aim of the current study was to analyze the plasticity of Th17 cells in a mouse model of acute crescentic glomerulonephritis and in a mouse chronic model of lupus nephritis. By transferring in vitro generated, highly purified Th17 cells and by using IL-17A fate reporter mice, we demonstrate that Th17 cells fail to acquire substantial expression of the Th1 and Th2 signature cytokines IFN-γ and IL-13, respectively, or the T regulatory transcription factor Foxp3 throughout the course of renal inflammation. In an attempt to therapeutically break the stability of the Th17 phenotype in acute glomerulonephritis, we subjected nephritic mice to CD3-specific Ab treatment. Indeed, this treatment induced an immunoregulatory phenotype in Th17 cells, which was marked by high expression of IL-10 and attenuated renal tissue damage in acute glomerulonephritis. In summary, we show that Th17 cells display a minimum of plasticity in acute and chronic experimental glomerulonephritis and introduce anti-CD3 treatment as a tool to induce a regulatory phenotype in Th17 cells in the kidney that may be therapeutically exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Krebs
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Paust
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Kapffer
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Koyro
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Krohn
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Ufer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Brigitta Stockinger
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom; and
| | - Oliver M Steinmetz
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rolf A K Stahl
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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