1
|
Kim SR, Lee JM, Kang HJ, Ryou J, Shim SM. Antiviral activity of pimecrolimus against dengue virus type 2 infection in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13303. [PMID: 38858399 PMCID: PMC11164929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a public health concern in several countries and is associated with severe diseases, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. DENVs are transmitted to humans via the bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes, and no antiviral therapeutics are currently available. In this work, we aimed to identify antiviral drugs against DENV type 2 (DENV2) infections and selected pimecrolimus as a potential antiviral drug candidate. Pimecrolimus significantly inhibited DENV2-mediated cell death and replication in vitro. We also confirmed a decrease in the number of plaques formed as well as in the envelope protein levels of DENV2. The time-of-addition and course experiments revealed that pimecrolimus inhibited DENV2 infection during the early stages of the virus replication cycle. In an experimental mouse model, orally administered pimecrolimus alleviated body weight loss and lethality caused by DENV2 infection, which we used as readouts of the drug's antiviral potency. Furthermore, pimecrolimus significantly inhibited the DENV2 load and ameliorated focal necrosis in the liver and spleen. Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that pimecrolimus is a promising antiviral drug candidate for the treatment of DENV2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ryeol Kim
- Division of Acute Viral Diseases, Centers for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Division of Acute Viral Diseases, Centers for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Ji Kang
- Division of Acute Viral Diseases, Centers for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsang Ryou
- Division of Acute Viral Diseases, Centers for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Mu Shim
- Division of Acute Viral Diseases, Centers for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pinheiro BSS, Rodrigues JG, Dias FCR, de Oliveira Gomes A, de Lucca Moreira Gomes M. Hepatic damage caused by flaviviruses: A systematic review. Life Sci 2023; 331:122074. [PMID: 37683724 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Flaviviruses infect arthropods and mammals and their pathologies are a considerable global health problem, affecting about 400 million people per year. The symptoms of these flaviviruses range from mild manifestations such as nausea, vomiting, and headache to more serious cases such as hemorrhage, meningitis, microcephaly, kidney, and liver failure. This review aims to compile the morphological changes that occur due to infections caused by dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses, as well as to describe possible mechanisms of action of such flaviviruses in the liver. PRISMA guidelines were used to search for studies associating flavivirus with liver disorders. Two independent reviewers selected the studies on PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus search platforms. The SYRCLE software was used for the evaluation of the study's quality. Eighteen experimental articles were included. The experimental animals often used in experiments were monkeys (5 %), hamsters (10 %), chicken embryos (10 %), and mice (75 %). It is evident that there is a strong hepatic interaction with flaviviruses, and the main hepatic alterations found were steatosis, apoptosis, necrosis, hemorrhage, elevation of ALT and AST levels, and total bilirubin. Flavivirus infection, in general, trigger an upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to structural changes in mitochondria that activate cascades of cellular death and promote insulin resistance. The majority of the studies primarily focus on dengue and yellow fever viruses, while the findings related to Zika virus exposure are still relatively limited and require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Santana Silva Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Julia Gonçalves Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carolina Ribeiro Dias
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil; Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Angelica de Oliveira Gomes
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Marcos de Lucca Moreira Gomes
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moragas LJ, Alves FDAV, Oliveira LDLS, Salomão NG, Azevedo CG, da Silva JFR, Basílio-de-Oliveira CA, Basílio-de-Oliveira R, Mohana-Borges R, de Carvalho JJ, Rosman FC, Paes MV, Rabelo K. Liver immunopathogenesis in fatal cases of dengue in children: detection of viral antigen, cytokine profile and inflammatory mediators. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1215730. [PMID: 37457689 PMCID: PMC10348746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dengue virus (DENV), the etiologic agent of dengue fever illness, represents a global public health concern, mainly in tropical and subtropical areas across the globe. It is well known that this acute viral disease can progress to severe hemorrhagic stages in some individuals, however, the immunopathogenic basis of the development of more severe forms by these patients is yet to be fully understood. Objective In this context, we investigated and characterized the histopathological features as well as the cytokine profile and cell subpopulations present in liver tissues from three fatal cases of DENV in children. Methods Hematoxylin and Eosin, Periodic Acid Schiff and Picro Sirius Red staining were utilized for the histopathological analysis. Immunohistochemistry assay was performed to characterize the inflammatory response and cell expression patterns. Results Vascular dysfunctions such as hemorrhage, vascular congestion and edema associated with a mononuclear infiltrate were observedin all three cases. Liver tissues exhibited increased presence of CD68+ and TCD8+ cells as well as high expression of MMP-9, TNF-a, RANTES, VEGFR-2 mediators. Viral replication was confirmed by the detection of NS3 protein. Conclusion Taken together, these results evidenced key factors that may be involved in the development of severe alterations in liver tissues of children in response to DENV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Junqueira Moragas
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe de Andrade Vieira Alves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Gedeão Salomão
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio Gonçalves Azevedo
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jorge José de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Colonna Rosman
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marciano Viana Paes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kíssila Rabelo
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ribeiro YP, Falcão LFM, Smith VC, de Sousa JR, Pagliari C, Franco ECS, Cruz ACR, Chiang JO, Martins LC, Nunes JAL, Vilacoert FSDS, Santos LCD, Furlaneto MP, Fuzii HT, Bertonsin Filho MV, da Costa LD, Duarte MIS, Furlaneto IP, Martins Filho AJ, Aarão TLDS, Vasconcelos PFDC, Quaresma JAS. Comparative Analysis of Human Hepatic Lesions in Dengue, Yellow Fever, and Chikungunya: Revisiting Histopathological Changes in the Light of Modern Knowledge of Cell Pathology. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050680. [PMID: 37242350 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses, such as yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue virus (DENV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), present wide global dissemination and a pathogenic profile developed in infected individuals, from non-specific clinical conditions to severe forms, characterised by the promotion of significant lesions in different organs of the harbourer, culminating in multiple organ dysfunction. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out via the histopathological analysis of 70 samples of liver patients, collected between 2000 and 2017, with confirmed laboratory diagnoses, who died due to infection and complications due to yellow fever (YF), dengue fever (DF), and chikungunya fever (CF), to characterise, quantify, and compare the patterns of histopathological alterations in the liver between the samples. Of the histopathological findings in the human liver samples, there was a significant difference between the control and infection groups, with a predominance of alterations in the midzonal area of the three cases analysed. Hepatic involvement in cases of YF showed a greater intensity of histopathological changes. Among the alterations evaluated, cell swelling, microvesicular steatosis, and apoptosis were classified according to the degree of tissue damage from severe to very severe. Pathological abnormalities associated with YFV, DENV, and CHIKV infections showed a predominance of changes in the midzonal area. We also noted that, among the arboviruses studied, liver involvement in cases of YFV infection was more intense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Pacheco Ribeiro
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fabio Magno Falcão
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cavaleiro Smith
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Jorge Rodrigues de Sousa
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Carla Pagliari
- School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Janniffer Oliveira Chiang
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Livia Carício Martins
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Juliana Abreu Lima Nunes
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Lais Carneiro Dos Santos
- Section of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Hellen Thais Fuzii
- Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66055-240, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Luccas Delgado da Costa
- Section of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Ismari Perini Furlaneto
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
- School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
- Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66055-240, PA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Faria de Carvalho R, de Siqueira Penna Quintaes L, de Cássia de Souza Su T, Mitiko Kobayashi L, Martins de Almeida Nogueira AC. Short communication: Feasibility of dengue vaccine to infect different human cell lines: An alternative potency test using HEK293T cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267653. [PMID: 35522661 PMCID: PMC9075668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is caused by an arbovirus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family and there are four distinct, but close related, circulating serotypes. Dengue disease is of great importance for global public health, with vaccination being its main prophylactic measure. However, there is a paucity of biological models for evaluating tetravalent dengue vaccines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of human cell lines HEK293T and THP-1 to a commercial dengue vaccine and test the feasibility of this approach in the development of a potency assay with human cell lines, as a methodological alternative to the golden standard potency assay with VERO cells. In this context, we used a batch of the commercial vaccine Dengvaxia® (CYD-TDV) for the infection tests. We evaluated the presence of the vaccine virus in THP-1 cells, differentiated into macrophages (dTHP-1), and in HEK293T by confocal microscopy, using 4G2 pan-flavivirus antibody. Vaccine infectivity and potency were determined by immunocolorimetric assay using monoclonal antibodies specific for each serotype. The results indicated that the human strain HEK293T was responsive to the tetravalent vaccine, as shown by the presence of virus particles in the cell cytoplasm in a pattern similar to the one observed with VERO cells. Moreover, it was possible to determine the infectivity and potency values of each vaccine virus serotype in the HEK293T, with serotype 4 prevailing over the others. Thus, the human cell line HEK293T provides a potential candidate to be used in assays to determine potency and identity of tetravalent dengue vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Faria de Carvalho
- Viral Vaccines Laboratory, National Institute of Quality Control in Health, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Sanitary Surveillance, National Institute of Quality Control in Health, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leticia Mitiko Kobayashi
- Viral Vaccines Laboratory, National Institute of Quality Control in Health, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Martins de Almeida Nogueira
- Post-Graduation Program in Sanitary Surveillance, National Institute of Quality Control in Health, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Evaluating Dengue Virus Pathogenesis in Mice and Humans by Histological and Immunohistochemistry Approaches. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2409:259-269. [PMID: 34709648 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1879-0_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of dengue virus (DENV) infected tissues in mice experimental model and in human biopsies/autopsies may support the pathogenesis studies. Through such models, it is possible to investigate possible histopathological changes caused by the infection and detections of different targets of interest, such as viral antigens, immune cells, and cytokines. In this chapter, we showed a brief review of how histological and immunohistochemistry approaches may improve the knowledge in this field.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jácome FC, Caldas GC, Rasinhas ADC, de Almeida ALT, de Souza DDC, Paulino AC, da Silva MAN, Bandeira DM, Barth OM, dos Santos FB, Barreto-Vieira DF. Immunocompetent Mice Infected by Two Lineages of Dengue Virus Type 2: Observations on the Pathology of the Lung, Heart and Skeletal Muscle. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122536. [PMID: 34946137 PMCID: PMC8704795 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection by one of the four serotypes (DENV-1 to 4) may result in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, with unpredictable evolution and organ involvement. Due to its association with severe epidemics and clinical manifestations, DENV-2 has been substantially investigated. In fact, the first emergence of a new lineage of the DENV-2 Asian/American genotype in Brazil (Lineage II) in 2008 was associated with severe cases and increased mortality related to organ involvement. A major challenge for dengue pathogenesis studies has been a suitable animal model, but the use of immune-competent mice, although sometimes controversial, has proven to be useful, as histological observations in infected animals reveal tissue alterations consistent to those observed in dengue human cases. Here, we aimed to investigate the outcomes caused by two distinct lineages of the DENV-2 Asian/American genotype in the lung, heart and skeletal muscle tissues of infected BALB/c mice. Tissues were submitted to histopathology, immunohistochemistry, histomorphometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The viral genome was detected in heart and skeletal muscle samples. The viral antigen was detected in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells of heart tissue. Heart and lung tissue samples presented morphological alterations comparable to those seen in dengue human cases. Creatine kinase serum levels were higher in mice infected with both lineages of DENV-2. Additionally, statistically significant differences, concerning alveolar septa thickening and heart weight, were observed between BALB/c mice infected with both DENV-2 lineages, which was demonstrated to be an appropriate experimental model for dengue pathogenesis studies on lung, heart and skeletal muscle tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cunha Jácome
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gabriela Cardoso Caldas
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Arthur da Costa Rasinhas
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Ana Luisa Teixeira de Almeida
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Daniel Dias Coutinho de Souza
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Amanda Carlos Paulino
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Marcos Alexandre Nunes da Silva
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Derick Mendes Bandeira
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Ortrud Monika Barth
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| | - Flavia Barreto dos Santos
- Laboratory of Viral Immunology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Debora Ferreira Barreto-Vieira
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (A.d.C.R.); (A.L.T.d.A.); (D.D.C.d.S.); (A.C.P.); (M.A.N.d.S.); (D.M.B.); (O.M.B.); (D.F.B.-V.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Morphological Aspects and Viremia Analysis of BALB/c Murine Model Experimentally Infected with Dengue Virus Serotype 4. Viruses 2021; 13:v13101954. [PMID: 34696384 PMCID: PMC8538460 DOI: 10.3390/v13101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever since its brief introduction in the Brazilian territory in 1981, dengue virus serotype 4 (DENV-4) remained absent from the national epidemiological scenario for almost 25 years. The emergence of DENV-4 in 2010 resulted in epidemics in most Brazilian states. DENV-4, however, remains one of the least studied among the four DENV serotypes. Despite being known as a mild serotype, DENV-4 is associated with severe cases and deaths and deserves to be investigated; however, the lack of suitable experimental animal models is a limiting factor for pathogenesis studies. Here, we aimed to investigate the susceptibility and potential tropism of DENV-4 for liver, lung and heart of an immunocompetent mice model, and to evaluate and investigate the resulting morphological and ultrastructural alterations upon viral infection. BALB/c mice were inoculated intravenously with non-neuroadapted doses of DENV-4 isolated from a human case. The histopathological analysis of liver revealed typical alterations of DENV, such as microsteatosis, edema and vascular congestion, while in lung, widespread areas of hemorrhage and interstitial pneumonia were observed. While milder alterations were present in heart, characterized by limited hemorrhage and discrete presence of inflammatory infiltrate, the disorganization of the structure of the intercalated disc is of particular interest. DENV-4 RNA was detected in liver, lung, heart and serum of BALB/c mice through qRT-PCR, while the NS3 viral protein was observed in all of the aforementioned organs through immunohistochemistry. These findings indicate the susceptibility of the model to the serotype and further reinforce the usefulness of BALB/c mice in studying the many alterations caused by DENV.
Collapse
|
9
|
Brazilian Dengue Virus Type 2-Associated Renal Involvement in a Murine Model: Outcomes after Infection by Two Lineages of the Asian/American Genotype. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091084. [PMID: 34578117 PMCID: PMC8467194 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) is, traditionally, the most studied serotype due to its association with explosive outbreaks and severe cases. In Brazil, almost 20 years after the first introduction in the 1990s, a new lineage (Lineage II) of the DENV-2 Asian/American genotype emerged and caused an epidemic with severe cases and hospitalizations. Severe dengue includes multiple organ failure, and renal involvement can be potentially related to increased mortality. In order to better understand the role of DENV infection in renal injury, here we aimed to investigate the outcomes of infection with two distinct lineages of DENV-2 Asian/American genotype in the kidney of a murine model. BALB/c mice were infected with Lineages I and II and tissues were submitted to histopathology, immunohistochemistry, histomorphometry and ultrastructural analysis. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was detected in blood sample accessed by cardiac puncture. A tendency in kidney weight increase was observed in mice infected with both lineages, but urea levels, on average, were increased only in mice infected with Lineage II. The DENV antigen was detected in the tissue of mice infected with Lineage II and morphological changes were similar to those observed in human dengue cases. Furthermore, the parameters such as organ weight, urea levels and morphometric analysis, showed significant differences between the two lineages in the infected BALB/c, which was demonstrated to be a suitable experimental model for dengue pathophysiology studies in kidneys.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sakinah S, Priya SP, Mok PL, Munisvaradass R, Teh SW, Sun Z, Alzahrani B, Abu Bakar F, Chee HY, Awang Hamat R, He G, Xiong C, Joseph N, Tong JB, Wu X, Maniam M, Samrot AV, Higuchi A, Kumar SS. Stem Cell Therapy in Dengue Virus-Infected BALB/C Mice Improves Hepatic Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:637270. [PMID: 34291043 PMCID: PMC8287336 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.637270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive clinical efforts have been made to control the severity of dengue diseases; however, the dengue morbidity and mortality have not declined. Dengue virus (DENV) can infect and cause systemic damage in many organs, resulting in organ failure. Here, we present a novel report showing a tailored stem-cell-based therapy that can aid in viral clearance and rescue liver cells from further damage during dengue infection. We administered a combination of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells in a DENV-infected BALB/c mouse model and found that delivery of this cell cocktail had improved their liver functions, confirmed by hematology, histopathology, and next-generation sequencing. These stem and progenitor cells can differentiate into target cells and repair the damaged tissues. In addition, the regime can regulate endothelial proliferation and permeability, modulate inflammatory reactions, enhance extracellular matrix production and angiogenesis, and secrete an array of growth factors to create an enhanced milieu for cell reparation. No previous study has been published on the treatment of dengue infection using stem cells combination. In conclusion, dengue-induced liver damage was rescued by administration of stem cell therapy, with less apoptosis and improved repair and regeneration in the dengue mouse model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sakinah
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Sivan Padma Priya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Pooi Ling Mok
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Rusheni Munisvaradass
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Seoh Wei Teh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Zhong Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Badr Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizal Abu Bakar
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Malaysia Genome Institute, National Institute of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Hui-Yee Chee
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Rukman Awang Hamat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Guozhong He
- Institute of Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chenglong Xiong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Narcisse Joseph
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Jia Bei Tong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Mahendran Maniam
- First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Antony V Samrot
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - S Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.,Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boeckmans J, Rombaut M, Demuyser T, Declerck B, Piérard D, Rogiers V, De Kock J, Waumans L, Magerman K, Cartuyvels R, Rummens JL, Rodrigues RM, Vanhaecke T. Infections at the nexus of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2235-2253. [PMID: 34027561 PMCID: PMC8141380 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease that affects about a quarter of the world population. MAFLD encompasses different disease stadia ranging from isolated liver steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although MAFLD is considered as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, multiple concomitant disease-potentiating factors can accelerate disease progression. Among these risk factors are diet, lifestyle, genetic traits, intake of steatogenic drugs, male gender and particular infections. Although infections often outweigh the development of fatty liver disease, pre-existing MAFLD could be triggered to progress towards more severe disease stadia. These combined disease cases might be underreported because of the high prevalence of both MAFLD and infectious diseases that can promote or exacerbate fatty liver disease development. In this review, we portray the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which the most relevant viral, bacterial and parasitic infections influence the progression of fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. We focus in particular on how infectious diseases, including coronavirus disease-19, hepatitis C, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, peptic ulcer and periodontitis, exacerbate MAFLD. We specifically underscore the synergistic effects of these infections with other MAFLD-promoting factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joost Boeckmans
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
- Clinical Laboratory, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Matthias Rombaut
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Demuyser
- Department of Microbiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baptist Declerck
- Department of Microbiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denis Piérard
- Department of Microbiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joery De Kock
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Waumans
- Clinical Laboratory, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Koen Magerman
- Clinical Laboratory, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Reinoud Cartuyvels
- Clinical Laboratory, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Rummens
- Clinical Laboratory, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Robim M Rodrigues
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rathore APS, Mantri CK, Tan MW, Shirazi R, Nishida A, Aman SAB, Morrison J, St John AL. Immunological and Pathological Landscape of Dengue Serotypes 1-4 Infections in Immune-Competent Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:681950. [PMID: 34168651 PMCID: PMC8219075 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.681950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), a Flavivirus, causes a broad spectrum of disease in humans with key clinical signs including thrombocytopenia, vascular leakage and hemorrhaging. A major obstacle to understanding DENV immunity has been the lack of a validated immune-competent mouse model. Here, we report the infection profiles of human clinical isolates of DENV serotypes 1-4 in an immune-competent mouse model. We detected replicating DENV in the peritoneal cells, liver and the spleen that was generally resolved within 2 weeks. The DENV target cell types for infection were monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and we identified a novel DENV cellular target, fibroblast reticular cells of the spleen. We observed gross pathologies in the spleen and liver that are consistent with dengue disease, including hemorrhaging as well as transcriptional patterns suggesting that antiviral responses and tissue damage were induced. Key clinical blood parameters that define human DENV disease such as hemoconcentration, leukopenia and reduced number of platelets were also observed. Thus, immune-competent mice sustain replicating infection and experience signs, such as hemorrhaging, that define DENV disease in humans. This study thoroughly characterizes DENV1-4 infection in immune-competent mice and confirms the wild-type mouse model as a valid and reproducible system for investigating the mechanisms of DENV pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay P S Rathore
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chinmay K Mantri
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meredith W Tan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roksana Shirazi
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Andrew Nishida
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Siti A B Aman
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juliet Morrison
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Ashley L St John
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Young Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jácome FC, Caldas GC, Rasinhas ADC, de Almeida ALT, de Souza DDC, Paulino AC, Leonardo R, Barth OM, Dos Santos FB, Barreto-Vieira DF. Comparative analysis of liver involvement caused by two DENV-2 lineages using an immunocompetent murine model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9723. [PMID: 33958631 PMCID: PMC8102549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue (DEN) is the most prevalent arbovirus among humans, and four billion people live at risk of infection. The clinical manifestations of DEN are variable, and the disease may present subclinically or asymptomatically. A quarter of patients develop classical dengue (CD) or severe dengue (SD), which is potentially lethal and involves vascular permeability changes, severe hemorrhage and organ damage. The involvement of the liver is a fairly common feature in DEN, and alterations range from asymptomatic elevation of transaminases to acute liver failure. Since its introduction in Brazil in 1990, two strains of Dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2 (DENV-2) have been detected: Lineage I, which is responsible for an outbreak in 1991, and Lineage II, which caused an epidemic greater than the previous one and had a different epidemiological profile. To date, studies on different strains of the same serotype/genotype and their association with disease severity are scarce. In addition, one of the greatest challenges regarding the study of DEN pathogenesis and the development of drug and vaccine therapies is the absence of an animal model that reproduces the disease as it occurs in humans. The main goals of this study were to assess BALB/c mouse susceptibility experimentally infected by two distinct DENV-2 strains and characterize possible differences in the clinical signs and alterations induced in the liver resulting from those infections. Mice infected by the two DENV-2 lineages gained less weight than uninfected mice; however, their livers were slightly heavier. Increased AST and AST levels were observed in infected mice, and the number of platelets increased in the first 72 h of infection and subsequently decreased. Mice infected with both lineages presented leukocytosis but at different times of infection. The histopathological changes induced by both lineages were similar and comparable to the changes observed in DEN fatal cases. The viral genome was detected in two liver samples. The results demonstrate the susceptibility of BALB/c mice to both DENV-2 lineages and suggest that the changes induced by those strains are similar, although for some parameters, they are manifested at different times of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cunha Jácome
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Cardoso Caldas
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Arthur da Costa Rasinhas
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa Teixeira de Almeida
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Dias Coutinho de Souza
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda Carlos Paulino
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Raphael Leonardo
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Ortrud Monika Barth
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Flavia Barreto Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Viral Immunology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Débora Ferreira Barreto-Vieira
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Al-Nimer MSM. Is COVID-19-induced liver injury different from other RNA viruses? World J Meta-Anal 2021; 9:108-127. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v9.i2.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a pandemic disease caused by a novel RNA coronavirus, SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is implicated in the respiratory system. SARS-CoV-2 also targets extrapulmonary systems, including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, central nervous system and others. SARS-CoV-2, like other RNA viruses, targets the liver and produces liver injury. This literature review showed that SARS-CoV-2-induced liver injury is different from other RNA viruses by a transient elevation of hepatic enzymes and does not progress to liver fibrosis or other unfavorable events. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2-induced liver injury usually occurs in the presence of risk factors, such as nonalcoholic liver fatty disease. This review highlights the important differences between RNA viruses inducing liver injury taking into consideration the clinical, biochemical, histopathological, postmortem findings and the chronicity of liver injury that ultimately leads to liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwan SM Al-Nimer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubah 32001, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Crocetin Improves Dengue Virus-Induced Liver Injury. Viruses 2020; 12:v12080825. [PMID: 32751420 PMCID: PMC7472398 DOI: 10.3390/v12080825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is one of the most widespread mosquito-borne viral infections. Liver injury is commonly observed in severe DENV infection, and the present study aimed to examine the efficacy of crocetin treatment in an immunocompetent mouse model of DENV infection exhibiting liver injury. The efficacy of crocetin treatment in DENV-induced liver injury was assessed via both transaminase levels and histopathology analysis. A real-time polymerase chain reaction array was then used to describe the expression of 84 apoptosis-related genes. Using real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, the gene expressions of host factors were investigated. Additionally, the effect of crocetin in NF-kB signaling during DENV infection was studied. We did not observe any significant reduction in virus production when DENV-infected mice were treated with crocetin. However, DENV-infected mice treated with crocetin showed reduced DENV-induced apoptosis. The real-time polymerase chain reaction array revealed pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions to be significantly reduced in the crocetin-treated DENV-infected mice. We also found that crocetin could effectively modulate antioxidant status in DENV-infected mice. Moreover, crocetin demonstrated the ability to reduce the nuclear translocation of NF-kB in DENV-infected mice. Our results suggest that crocetin treatment does not inhibit DENV replication in the liver of DENV-infected mice; however, we did find that crocetin improves host responses that reduce liver injury.
Collapse
|
16
|
Saviola AJ, Negrão F, Yates JR. Proteomics of Select Neglected Tropical Diseases. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2020; 13:315-336. [PMID: 32109150 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091619-093003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Technological advances in mass spectrometry have enabled the extensive identification, characterization, and quantification of proteins in any biological system. In disease processes proteins are often altered in response to external stimuli; therefore, proteomics, the large-scale study of proteins and their functions, represents an invaluable tool for understanding the molecular basis of disease. This review highlights the use of mass spectrometry-based proteomics to study the pathogenesis, etiology, and pathology of several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), a diverse group of disabling diseases primarily associated with poverty in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. While numerous NTDs have been the subject of proteomic studies, this review focuses on Buruli ulcer, dengue, leishmaniasis, and snakebite envenoming. The proteomic studies highlighted provide substantial information on the pathogenic mechanisms driving these diseases; they also identify molecular targets for drug discovery and development and uncover promising biomarkers that can assist in early diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Saviola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;
| | - Fernanda Negrão
- Department of Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Salomão N, Rabelo K, Basílio-de-Oliveira C, Basílio-de-Oliveira R, Geraldo L, Lima F, dos Santos F, Nuovo G, Oliveira ERA, Paes M. Fatal Dengue Cases Reveal Brain Injury and Viral Replication in Brain-Resident Cells Associated with the Local Production of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators. Viruses 2020; 12:E603. [PMID: 32486462 PMCID: PMC7354550 DOI: 10.3390/v12060603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an arboviral disease caused by dengue virus (DENV), which is transmitted to humans by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Infection by DENV most commonly results in a mild flu-like illness; however, the disease has been increasingly associated with neurological symptomatology. This association draws attention to further investigations on the impact of DENV infection in the host's central nervous system. Here, we analyzed brain samples of three fatal dengue cases that occurred in 2002 during an outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Brain tissues of these cases were marked by histopathological alterations, such as degenerated neurons, demyelination, hemorrhage, edema, and increased numbers of astrocytes and microglial cells. Samples were also characterized by lymphocytic infiltrates mainly composed of CD8 T cells. DENV replication was evidenced in neurons, microglia and endothelial cells through immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IFN-γ were detected in microglia, while endothelial cells were marked by the expression of RANTES/CCL5. Cytoplasmic HMGB1 and the production of nitric oxide were also found in neurons and microglial cells. This work highlights the possible participation of several local pro-inflammatory mediators in the establishment of dengue neuropathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Salomão
- Interdisciplinary Medical Research Laboratory Rio de Janeiro, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Kíssila Rabelo
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Basílio-de-Oliveira
- Pathological Anatomy, Gaffrée Guinle University Hospital Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 20270-004 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (C.B.-d.-O.); (R.B.-d.-O.)
| | - Rodrigo Basílio-de-Oliveira
- Pathological Anatomy, Gaffrée Guinle University Hospital Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 20270-004 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (C.B.-d.-O.); (R.B.-d.-O.)
| | - Luiz Geraldo
- Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (L.G.); (F.L.)
| | - Flávia Lima
- Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (L.G.); (F.L.)
| | - Flávia dos Santos
- Viral Immunology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute Rio de Janeiro, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Gerard Nuovo
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Foundation, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Phylogeny Medical Laboratory Columbus, Ohio State University Foundation, Columbus, OH 43214, USA
| | - Edson R. A. Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Chicago, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Marciano Paes
- Interdisciplinary Medical Research Laboratory Rio de Janeiro, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dengue infection in mice inoculated by the intracerebral route: neuropathological effects and identification of target cells for virus replication. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17926. [PMID: 31784616 PMCID: PMC6884643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an important arboviral infection, causing a broad range symptom that varies from life-threatening mild illness to severe clinical manifestations. Recent studies reported the impairment of the central nervous system (CNS) after dengue infection, a characteristic previously considered as atypical and underreported. However, little is known about the neuropathology associated to dengue. Since animal models are important tools for helping to understand the dengue pathogenesis, including neurological damages, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of intracerebral inoculation of a neuroadapted dengue serotype 2 virus (DENV2) in immunocompetent BALB/c mice, mimicking some aspects of the viral encephalitis. Mice presented neurological morbidity after the 7th day post infection. At the same time, histopathological analysis revealed that DENV2 led to damages in the CNS, such as hemorrhage, reactive gliosis, hyperplastic and hypertrophied microglia, astrocyte proliferation, Purkinje neurons retraction and cellular infiltration around vessels in the pia mater and in neuropil. Viral tropism and replication were detected in resident cells of the brain and cerebellum, such as neurons, astrocyte, microglia and oligodendrocytes. Results suggest that this classical mice model might be useful for analyzing the neurotropic effect of DENV with similarities to what occurs in human.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang Z, Sun M, Deng J, Yu J, Yang X, Zhao W, Chen G, Wang P. Zika Virus Induced More Severe Inflammatory Response Than Dengue Virus in Chicken Embryonic Livers. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1127. [PMID: 31191474 PMCID: PMC6540742 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are important flaviviruses in tropical and subtropical regions, causing severe Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)/Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) and microcephaly, respectively. The infection of both viruses during pregnancy were reported with adverse fetal outcomes. To investigate the effects of ZIKV and DENV infections on fetal development, we established an infection model in chicken embryos. Compared with DENV-2, the infection of ZIKV significantly retarded the development of chicken embryos. High viral loads of both DENV-2 and ZIKV was detected in brain, eye and heart 7 and 11 days post-infection, respectively. Interestingly, only ZIKV but not DENV-2 was detected in the liver. Even both of them induced apparent liver inflammation, ZIKV infection showed a more severe inflammatory response than DENV-2 infection based on the inflammation scores and the gene expression levels of IL-1β, TNF, IL-6, and TGFβ-2 in liver. Our results demonstrated that ZIKV induced more severe inflammatory response in chicken embryo liver compared to DENV-2, which might partially attribute to viral replication in liver cells. Clinicians should be aware of the potential liver injury associated with ZIKV infection in patients, especially in perinatal fetuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongyi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Menghan Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieping Deng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhai Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pong LY, Parkkinen S, Dhanoa A, Gan HM, Wickremesinghe IAC, Syed Hassan S. MicroRNA profiling of mouse liver in response to DENV-1 infection by deep sequencing. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6697. [PMID: 31065454 PMCID: PMC6482938 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue caused by dengue virus (DENV) serotypes -1 to -4 is the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the tropical and sub-tropical countries worldwide. Yet many of the pathophysiological mechanisms of host responses during DENV infection remain largely unknown and incompletely understood. METHODS Using a mouse model, the miRNA expressions in liver during DENV-1 infection was investigated using high throughput miRNA sequencing. The differential expressions of miRNAs were then validated by qPCR, followed by target genes prediction. The identified miRNA targets were subjected to gene ontology (GO) annotation and pathway enrichment analysis to elucidate the potential biological pathways and molecular mechanisms associated with DENV-1 infection. RESULTS A total of 224 and 372 miRNAs out of 433 known mouse miRNAs were detected in the livers of DENV-1-infected and uninfected mice, respectively; of these, 207 miRNAs were present in both libraries. The miR-148a-3p and miR-122-5p were the two most abundant miRNAs in both groups. Thirty-one miRNAs were found to have at least 2-fold change in upregulation or downregulation, in which seven miRNAs were upregulated and 24 miRNAs were downregulated in the DENV-1-infected mouse livers. The miR-1a-3p was found to be the most downregulated miRNA in the DENV-1-infected mouse livers, with a significant fold change of 0.10. To validate the miRNA sequencing result, the expression pattern of 12 miRNAs, which were highly differentially expressed or most abundant, were assessed by qPCR and nine of them correlated positively with the one observed in deep sequencing. In silico functional analysis revealed that the adaptive immune responses involving TGF-beta, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Rap1, Wnt and Ras signalling pathways were modulated collectively by 23 highly differentially expressed miRNAs during DENV-1 infection. CONCLUSION This study provides the first insight into the global miRNA expressions of mouse livers in response to DENV-1 infection in vivo and the possible roles of miRNAs in modulating the adaptive immune responses during DENV-1 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Yih Pong
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sinikka Parkkinen
- Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, North Karelia, Finland
| | - Amreeta Dhanoa
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Han Ming Gan
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Sharifah Syed Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abdul Ahmad SA, Palanisamy UD, Khoo JJ, Dhanoa A, Syed Hassan S. Efficacy of geraniin on dengue virus type-2 infected BALB/c mice. Virol J 2019; 16:26. [PMID: 30813954 PMCID: PMC6391806 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue continues to be a major international public health concern. Despite that, there is no clinically approved antiviral for treatment of dengue virus (DENV) infections. In this study, geraniin extracted from the rind of Nephelium lappaceum was shown to inhibit the replication of DENV-2 in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. METHODS The effect of geraniin on DENV-2 RNA synthesis in infected Vero cells was tested using quantitative RT-PCR. The in vivo efficacy of geraniin in inhibiting DENV-2 infection was then tested using BALB/c mice with geraniin administered at three different times. The differences in spleen to body weight ratio, DENV-2 RNA load and liver damage between the three treatment groups as compared to DENV-2 infected mice without geraniin administration were determined on day eight post-infection. RESULTS Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the decrease in viral RNA synthesis of infected Vero cells when treated with geraniin. Geraniin seemed to provide a protective effect on infected BALB/c mice liver when given at 24 h pre- and 24 h post-infection as liver damage was observed to be very mild even though a significant reduction of DENV-2 RNA load in serum was not observed in these two treatment groups. However, when administered at 72 h post-infection, severe liver damage in the form of necrosis and haemorrhage had prevailed despite a substantial reduction of DENV-2 RNA load in serum. CONCLUSIONS Geraniin was found to be effective in reducing DENV-2 RNA load when administered at 72 h post-infection while earlier administration could prevent severe liver damage caused by DENV-2 infection. These results provide evidence that geraniin is a potential candidate for the development of anti-dengue drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Aisyah Abdul Ahmad
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Uma D Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Joon Joon Khoo
- Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 8, Jalan Masjid Abu Bakar, 80100, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Amreeta Dhanoa
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Syed Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, and longer hospital stay in dengue-infected patients with plasma leakage. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205965. [PMID: 30332476 PMCID: PMC6192651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A prominent histopathological feature of fatal dengue cases is hepatic steatosis. However, the association between hepatic steatosis and dengue severity is unknown. We conducted a study to determine the associations of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with laboratory markers of dengue severity and length of hospital stay (LOS). A retrospective study was conducted at a private hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia, from December 2011 to December 2016. Bivariate analysis was performed to analyze the associations of laboratory markers of dengue severity and LOS with the presence or absence of NAFLD in no-plasma-leakage (no leakage) and plasma-leakage (leakage) groups. There were 267 dengue-infected patients included in this study. Of these patients, 115 (43.1%) were classified as belonging to the no leakage group, and 152 (56.9%) were classified as belonging to the leakage group. Of the 115 patients belonging to the no leakage group, 53 (46.1%) did not have NAFLD, and 62 (53.9%) had NAFLD. Of the 152 patients belonging to the leakage group, 85 (55.9%) did not have NAFLD, and 67 (44.1%) had NAFLD. Leakage group patients with NAFLD experienced significantly higher hemoconcentration severity (p = 0.04), lower platelet count (p = 0.004) and higher LOS (p = 0.042) than did leakage group patients without NAFLD. The presence of NAFLD in dengue-infected patients with plasma leakage was associated with more severe hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia and prolonged hospital stay.
Collapse
|
23
|
Salomão NG, Rabelo K, Póvoa TF, Alves AMB, da Costa SM, Gonçalves AJS, Amorim JF, Azevedo AS, Nunes PCG, Basílio-de-Oliveira CA, Basílio-de-Oliveira RP, Geraldo LHM, Fonseca CG, Lima FRS, Mohana-Borges R, Silva EM, Dos Santos FB, Oliveira ERA, Paes MV. BALB/c mice infected with DENV-2 strain 66985 by the intravenous route display injury in the central nervous system. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9754. [PMID: 29950590 PMCID: PMC6021404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a mild flu-like arboviral illness caused by dengue virus (DENV) that occurs in tropical and subtropical countries. An increasing number of reports have been indicating that dengue is also associated to neurological manifestations, however, little is known regarding the neuropathogenesis of the disease. Here, using BALB/c mice intravenously infected with DENV-2 strain 66985, we demonstrated that the virus is capable of invading and damaging the host’s central nervous system (CNS). Brain and cerebellum of infected animals revealed histological alterations such as the presence of inflammatory infiltrates, thickening of pia matter and disorganization of white matter. Additionally, it was also seen that infection lead to altered morphology of neuroglial cells and apoptotic cell death. Such observations highlighted possible alterations that DENV may promote in the host’s CNS during a natural infection, hence, helping us to better understand the neuropathological component of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália G Salomão
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kíssila Rabelo
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ada M B Alves
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fisiologia de Infecções Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone M da Costa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fisiologia de Infecções Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antônio J S Gonçalves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana F Amorim
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Virológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fundacão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana S Azevedo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Virológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fundacão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscilla C G Nunes
- Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Basílio-de-Oliveira
- Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Gaffrée Guinle, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo P Basílio-de-Oliveira
- Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Gaffrée Guinle, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz H M Geraldo
- Laboratório de Biologia das Células Gliais, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Celina G Fonseca
- Laboratório de Biologia das Células Gliais, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia R S Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia das Células Gliais, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emiliana M Silva
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia B Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edson R A Oliveira
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular, Instituto de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marciano V Paes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dissanayake HA, Seneviratne SL. Liver involvement in dengue viral infections. Rev Med Virol 2018; 28. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suranjith L. Seneviratne
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation; Royal Free Hospital and University College London; London UK
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; University of Colombo; Colombo Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Anaplerotic Role of Glucose in the Oxidation of Endogenous Fatty Acids during Dengue Virus Infection. mSphere 2018; 3:mSphere00458-17. [PMID: 29404419 PMCID: PMC5793041 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00458-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus infection is a major cause of human arbovirosis, for which clinical and experimental evidence supports the idea that liver dysfunction and lipid metabolism disorders are characteristics of severe disease. Analyzing mitochondrial bioenergetics, here we show that infection of hepatic cells with dengue virus favors the cellular capacity of metabolizing glucose, impairing the normal metabolic flexibility that allows the oxidative machinery to switch among the main energetic substrates. However, instead of being used as an energy source, glucose performs an anaplerotic role in the oxidation of endogenous fatty acids, which become the main energetic substrate during infection. Taken together, the results shed light on metabolic mechanisms that may explain the profound alterations in lipid metabolism for severe dengue patients, contributing to the understanding of dengue physiopathology. Dengue virus (DENV) is among the most important human arboviruses and is clinically and experimentally associated with lipid metabolism disorders. Using high-resolution respirometry, we analyzed the metabolic switches induced by DENV in a human hepatic cell line. This experimental approach allowed us to determine the contribution of fatty acids, glutamine, glucose, and pyruvate to mitochondrial bioenergetics, shedding light on the mechanisms involved in DENV-induced metabolic alterations. We found that while infection strongly inhibits glutamine oxidation, it increases the cellular capacity of metabolizing glucose; remarkably, though, this substrate, instead being used as an energy source, performs an anaplerotic role in the oxidation of endogenous lipids. Fatty acids become the main energetic substrate in infected cell, and through the pharmacological modulation of β-oxidation we demonstrated that this pathway is essential for virus replication. Interestingly, infected cells were much less susceptible to the Crabtree effect, i.e., the glucose-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial oxygen consumption, suggesting that infection favors cellular respiration by increasing ADP availability. IMPORTANCE Dengue virus infection is a major cause of human arbovirosis, for which clinical and experimental evidence supports the idea that liver dysfunction and lipid metabolism disorders are characteristics of severe disease. Analyzing mitochondrial bioenergetics, here we show that infection of hepatic cells with dengue virus favors the cellular capacity of metabolizing glucose, impairing the normal metabolic flexibility that allows the oxidative machinery to switch among the main energetic substrates. However, instead of being used as an energy source, glucose performs an anaplerotic role in the oxidation of endogenous fatty acids, which become the main energetic substrate during infection. Taken together, the results shed light on metabolic mechanisms that may explain the profound alterations in lipid metabolism for severe dengue patients, contributing to the understanding of dengue physiopathology.
Collapse
|
26
|
Oliveira ERA, Póvoa TF, Nuovo GJ, Allonso D, Salomão NG, Basílio-de-Oliveira CA, Geraldo LHM, Fonseca CG, Lima FRS, Mohana-Borges R, Paes MV. Dengue fatal cases present virus-specific HMGB1 response in peripheral organs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16011. [PMID: 29167501 PMCID: PMC5700165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an important infectious disease that presents high incidence and yields a relevant number of fatal cases (about 20,000) every year worldwide. Despite its epidemiological relevance, there are many knowledge gaps concerning dengue pathogenesis, especially with regards to the circumstances that drive a mild clinical course to a severe disease. In this work, we investigated the participation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an important modulator of inflammation, in dengue fatal cases. Histopathological and ultrastructural analyses revealed that liver, lung and heart post-mortem samples were marked by tissue abnormalities, such as necrosis and apoptotic cell death. These observations go in line with an HMGB1-mediated response and raised concerns regarding the participation of this cytokine in promoting/perpetuating inflammation in severe dengue. Further experiments of immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed increased expression of cytoplasmic HMGB1 in dengue-extracted tissues when compared to non-dengue controls. Co-staining of DENV RNA and HMGB1 in the host cell cytoplasm, as found by in situ hybridization and IHC, confirmed the virus specific induction of the HMGB1-mediated response in these peripheral tissues. This report brings the first in-situ evidence of the participation of HMGB1 in severe dengue and highlights novel considerations in the development of dengue immunopathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edson R A Oliveira
- Laboratóio de Modelagem Molecular, Instituto de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Gerard J Nuovo
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Phylogeny Inc, Powell, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Diego Allonso
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália G Salomão
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Basílio-de-Oliveira
- Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Gaffrée Guinle, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz H M Geraldo
- Laboratório de Biologia das Células Gliais, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Celina G Fonseca
- Laboratório de Biologia das Células Gliais, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia R S Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia das Células Gliais, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marciano V Paes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
RNAi screen reveals a role of SPHK2 in dengue virus-mediated apoptosis in hepatic cell lines. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188121. [PMID: 29145490 PMCID: PMC5690425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic dysfunction is a feature of dengue virus (DENV) infection. Hepatic biopsy specimens obtained from fatal cases of DENV infection show apoptosis, which relates to the pathogenesis of DENV infection. However, how DENV induced liver injury is not fully understood. In this study, we aim to identify the factors that influence cell death by employing an apoptosis-related siRNA library screening. Our results show the effect of 558 gene silencing on caspase 3-mediated apoptosis in DENV-infected Huh7 cells. The majority of genes that contributed to apoptosis were the apoptosis-related kinase enzymes. Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 12 (TNFSF12), and sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2), were selected as the candidate genes to further validate their influences on DENV-induced apoptosis. Transfection of siRNA targeting SPHK2 but not TNFSF12 genes reduced apoptosis determined by Annexin V/PI staining. Knockdown of SPHK2 did not reduce caspase 8 activity; however, did significantly reduce caspase 9 activity, suggesting its involvement of SPHK2 in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Treatment of ABC294649, an inhibitor of SPHK2, reduced the caspase 3 activity, suggesting the involvement of its kinase activity in apoptosis. Knockdown of SPHK2 significantly reduced caspase 3 activity not only in DENV-infected Huh7 cells but also in DENV-infected HepG2 cells. Our results were consistent across all of the four serotypes of DENV infection, which supports the pro-apoptotic role of SPHK2 in DENV-infected liver cells.
Collapse
|
28
|
Immune-mediated cytokine storm and its role in severe dengue. Semin Immunopathol 2017; 39:563-574. [PMID: 28401256 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-017-0625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dengue remains one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases worldwide. Infection with one of the serologically related dengue viruses (DENVs) can lead to a wide range of clinical manifestations and severity. Severe dengue is characterized by plasma leakage and abnormal bleeding that can lead to shock and death. There is currently no specific treatment for severe dengue due to gaps in understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The transient period of vascular leakage is usually followed by a rapid recovery and is suggestive of the effects of short-lived biological mediators. Both the innate and the adaptive immune systems are activated in severe dengue and contribute to the cytokine production. We discuss the immunological events elicited during a DENV infection and identify candidate cytokines that may play a key role in the severe manifestations of dengue and possible interventions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sreekanth GP, Chuncharunee A, Cheunsuchon B, Noisakran S, Yenchitsomanus PT, Limjindaporn T. JNK1/2 inhibitor reduces dengue virus-induced liver injury. Antiviral Res 2017; 141:7-18. [PMID: 28188818 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
High viral load with liver injury is exhibited in severe dengue virus (DENV) infection. Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK were previously found to be involved in the animal models of DENV-induced liver injury. However, the role of JNK1/2 signaling in DENV-induced liver injury has never been investigated. JNK1/2 inhibitor, SP600125, was used to investigate the role of JNK1/2 signaling in the BALB/c mouse model of DENV-induced liver injury. SP600125-treated DENV-infected mice ameliorated leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, hemoconcentration, liver transaminases and liver histopathology. DENV-induced liver injury exhibited induced phosphorylation of JNK1/2, whereas SP600125 reduced this phosphorylation. An apoptotic real-time PCR array profiler was used to screen how SP600125 affects the expression of 84 cell death-associated genes to minimize DENV-induced liver injury. Modulation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 expressions by SP600125 in DENV-infected mice suggests its efficiency in restricting apoptosis via both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Reduced expressions of TNF-α and TRAIL are suggestive to modulate the extrinsic apoptotic signals, where reduced p53 phosphorylation and induced anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression indicate the involvement of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. This study thus demonstrates the pivotal role of JNK1/2 signaling in DENV-induced liver injury and how SP600125 modulates this pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aporn Chuncharunee
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Boonyarit Cheunsuchon
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sansanee Noisakran
- Medical Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thawornchai Limjindaporn
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tyrosine kinase/phosphatase inhibitors decrease dengue virus production in HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 483:58-63. [PMID: 28065855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus is the causative agent of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. High rates of dengue virus replication and virion production are related to disease severity. To identify anti-DENV compounds, we performed cell-based ELISA testing to detect the level of DENV E protein expression. Among a total of 83 inhibitors, eight were identified as inhibitors with antiviral activity. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor II (EGFR/ErbB-2/ErbB-4 inhibitor II) and protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor IV (PTP inhibitor IV) significantly inhibited dengue virus production and demonstrated low toxicity in hepatocyte cell lines. Our results suggest the efficacy of tyrosine kinase/phosphatase inhibitors in decreasing dengue virus production in HepG2 cells.
Collapse
|
31
|
Póvoa TF, Oliveira ERA, Basílio-de-Oliveira CA, Nuovo GJ, Chagas VLA, Salomão NG, Mota EM, Paes MV. Peripheral Organs of Dengue Fatal Cases Present Strong Pro-Inflammatory Response with Participation of IFN-Gamma-, TNF-Alpha- and RANTES-Producing Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168973. [PMID: 28006034 PMCID: PMC5179082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue disease is an acute viral illness caused by dengue virus (DENV) that can progress to hemorrhagic stages leading to about 20000 deaths every year worldwide. Despite many clinical investigations regarding dengue, the immunopathogenic process by which infected patients evolve to the severe forms is not fully understood. Apart from differences in virulence and the antibody cross reactivity that can potentially augment virus replication, imbalanced cellular immunity is also seen as a major concern in the establishment of severe dengue. In this context, the investigation of cellular immunity and its products in dengue fatal cases may provide valuable data to help revealing dengue immunopathogenesis. Here, based in four dengue fatal cases infected by the serotype 3 in Brazil, different peripheral organs (livers, lungs and kidneys) were studied to evaluate the presence of cell infiltrates and the patterns of local cytokine response. The overall scenario of the studied cases revealed a considerable systemic involvement of infection with mononuclear cells targeted to all of the evaluated organs, as measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Quantification of cytokine-expressing cells in peripheral tissues was also performed to characterize the ongoing inflammatory process by the severe stage of the disease. Increased levels of IFN-γ- and TNF-α-expressing cells in liver, lung and kidney samples of post-mortem subjects evidenced a strong pro-inflammatory induction in these tissues. The presence of increased RANTES-producing cell numbers in all analyzed organs suggested a possible link between the clinical status and altered vascular permeability. Co-staining of DENV RNA and IFN-γ or TNF-α using in situ hibridization and IHC confirmed the virus-specific trigger of the pro-inflammatory response. Taken together, this work provided additional evidences that corroborated with the traditional theories regarding the “cytokine storm” and the occurrence of uneven cellular immunity in response to DENV as major reasons for progress to severe disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Póvoa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edson R. A. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gerard J. Nuovo
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Phylogeny Inc, Powell, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Vera L. A. Chagas
- Pathological Anatomy, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália G. Salomão
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ester M. Mota
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marciano V. Paes
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang P, Wang H, Yu J, Xie Q, Yao Z, Qin Z, Lu W, Li J, Zhang M, Cao G, Zhong Z, He T, Ma D, Zhang B, Zhao W. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of dengue virus type 1 in Guangdong in 2014. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1942. [PMID: 27933232 PMCID: PMC5102991 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3604-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Dengue is one of the most important emerging diseases of humans, with no preventive vaccines or antiviral cures available currently. In 2014, the Southeast Asian region experienced an unprecedented outbreak of dengue, especially in Guangdong, China. Results
The nucleotide sequences of the E gene from 23 patients sera of dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) from Guangzhou, China, were determined. One isolate that was recovered from a patient with serious liver damage was designated GZ02. The whole genome sequence of GZ02 was amplified, and confocal microscopy and plaque reduction neutralization test were performed to investigate the replication kinetics in liver L02 cells. In the study, assembly and genetic comparisons showed 11 of those E gene nucleotide sequences were absolutely accordant, and the nucleic acid sequence divergence among the other strains had no marked difference. Conclusions Phylogenetic analysis based on the E gene indicated that the 23 new strains were closely related to strains from Malaysia or Singapore. Two different genotypes (genotype I and III) of DENV-1 were co-circulating in Guangdong, Malaysia, and Singapore from 2013 to 2014. However, no recombination event was found after 2005 between DENV strains from Guangdong and Malaysia or Singapore. GZ02 had a significant replicative advantage over DG14 and the DV1 standard strain. Importation of DENV-1 from Southeast Asian countries may have been an important contributing factor to the 2014 outbreak in Guangdong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, No. 466 Xingangdong Road, Guangzhou, 510317 China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jianhai Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Qian Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Zhiwei Yao
- The Third Department of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Zhiran Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Weizhi Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jia Li
- Guang Dong Medical University Teaching Hospital, Guang Dong No. 2 People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317 China
| | - Minyi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Guangjin Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Medical Genetical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511442 China
| | - Tianwen He
- Medical Genetical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511442 China
| | - Danjuan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Maternity and Child Care, Guangzhou, 510010 China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rabelo K, Trugilho MRO, Costa SM, Pereira BAS, Moreira OC, Ferreira ATS, Carvalho PC, Perales J, Alves AMB. The effect of the dengue non-structural 1 protein expression over the HepG2 cell proteins in a proteomic approach. J Proteomics 2016; 152:339-354. [PMID: 27826075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is an important mosquito borne viral disease in the world. Dengue virus (DENV) encodes a polyprotein, which is cleaved in ten proteins, including the non-structural protein 1 (NS1). In this work, we analyzed the effect of NS1 expression in one hepatic cell line, HepG2, through a shotgun proteomic approach. Cells were transfected with pcENS1 plasmid, which encodes the DENV2 NS1 protein, or the controls pcDNA3 (negative control) and pMAXGFP (GFP, a protein unrelated to dengue). Expression of NS1 was detected by immunofluorescence, western blot and flow cytometry. We identified 14,138 peptides that mapped to 4,756 proteins in all analyzed conditions. We found 41 and 81 differentially abundant proteins when compared to cells transfected with plasmids pcDNA3 and pMAXGFP, respectively. Besides, 107 proteins were detected only in the presence of NS1. We identified clusters of proteins involved mainly in mRNA process and viral RNA replication. Down regulation expression of one protein (MARCKS), identified by the proteomic analysis, was also confirmed by real time PCR in HepG2 cells infected with DENV2. Identification of proteins modulated by the presence of NS1 may improve our understanding of its role in virus infection and pathogenesis, contributing to development of new therapies and vaccines. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dengue is an important viral disease, with epidemics in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The disease is complex, with different manifestations, in which the liver is normally affected. The NS1 is found in infected cells associated with plasma membrane and secreted into the circulation as a soluble multimer. This protein is essential for virus viability, although its function is not elucidated. Some reports indicate that the NS1 can be used as a protective antigen for the development of a dengue vaccine, while others suggest its involvement in viral pathogenesis. In this work, we report an in-depth comprehensive proteomic profiling resulting from the presence of NS1 in HepG2 cells. These results can contribute to a better understanding of the NS1 role during infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kíssila Rabelo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Monique R O Trugilho
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone M Costa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bernardo A S Pereira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Otacílio C Moreira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endemic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André T S Ferreira
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Carvalho
- Laboratory for Proteomics and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jonas Perales
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ada M B Alves
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Aspects of T Cell-Mediated Immunity Induced in Mice by a DNA Vaccine Based on the Dengue-NS1 Antigen after Challenge by the Intracerebral Route. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163240. [PMID: 27631083 PMCID: PMC5024998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue disease has emerged as a major public health issue across tropical and subtropical countries. Infections caused by dengue virus (DENV) can evolve to life-threatening forms, resulting in about 20,000 deaths every year worldwide. Several animal models have been described concerning pre-clinical stages in vaccine development against dengue, each of them presenting limitations and advantages. Among these models, a traditional approach is the inoculation of a mouse-brain adapted DENV variant in immunocompetent animals by the intracerebral (i.c.) route. Despite the historical usage and relevance of this model for vaccine testing, little is known about the mechanisms by which the protection is developed upon vaccination. To cover this topic, a DNA vaccine based on the DENV non-structural protein 1 (pcTPANS1) was considered and investigations were focused on the induced T cell-mediated immunity against i.c.-DENV infection. Immunophenotyping assays by flow cytometry revealed that immunization with pcTPANS1 promotes a sustained T cell activation in spleen of i.c.-infected mice. Moreover, we found that the downregulation of CD45RB on T cells, as an indicator of cell activation, correlated with absence of morbidity upon virus challenge. Adoptive transfer procedures supported by CFSE-labeled cell tracking showed that NS1-specific T cells induced by vaccination, proliferate and migrate to peripheral organs of infected mice, such as the liver. Additionally, in late stages of infection (from the 7th day onwards), vaccinated mice also presented reduced levels of circulating IFN-γ and IL-12p70 in comparison to non-vaccinated animals. In conclusion, this work presented new aspects about the T cell-mediated immunity concerning DNA vaccination with pcTPANS1 and the i.c. infection model. These insights can be explored in further studies of anti-dengue vaccine efficacy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
A strong causal association has become evident between Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy and the occurrence of fetal growth restriction, microcephaly and eye defects. Circumstantial evidence is presented in this paper in support of the hypothesis that these effects, as well as the Guillain-Barré syndrome, are due to an endogenous form of hypervitaminosis A resulting from ZIKV infection-induced damage to the liver and the spillage of stored vitamin A compounds ("retinoids") into the maternal and fetal circulation in toxic concentrations. Retinoids are mainly stored in the liver (about 80%) and are essential for numerous biological functions. In higher concentration, retinoids are potentially cytotoxic, pro-oxidant, mutagenic and teratogenic, especially if sudden shifts occur in their bodily distribution. Although liver involvement has not been mentioned specifically in recent reports, conventional liver enzyme tests underestimate the true extent of liver dysfunction. The proposed model could be tested by comparing retinoid concentration and expression profiles in microcephalic newborns of ZIKV-infected mothers and nonmicrocephalic newborn controls, and by correlating these profiles with measures of clinical severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R. Mawson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (Initiative), Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang XJ, Wei HX, Jiang SC, He C, Xu XJ, Peng HJ. Evaluation of aminotransferase abnormality in dengue patients: A meta analysis. Acta Trop 2016; 156:130-6. [PMID: 26739659 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus is a type of flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. The symptoms of infection by this virus range from asymptomatic or mild symptomatic dengue fever (DF) to dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Significant abnormality in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) has been shown in a large number of dengue infection cases and to be indicator for liver injury provided that there are no other combined infections or liver injury. This study aims to assess the abnormal levels of liver aminotransferase in dengue patients. The related literature was searched in multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. The literature was selected through strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quantitative synthesis of the liver aminotransferase abnormality was performed with R software. The fixed or random effects model was employed based on the results of the statistical test for homogeneity. In total, 15 studies were included. The proportion of AST abnormality with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.56-0.92) in DHF patients and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.63-0.84) in DF patients; the proportion of ALT abnormality was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.34-0.73) in DHF patients and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41-0.63) in DF patients. Serum ALT and AST levels may be indicators for evaluating liver injury in dengue infection and for diagnosis and treatment effect.
Collapse
|
37
|
Sreekanth GP, Chuncharunee A, Sirimontaporn A, Panaampon J, Noisakran S, Yenchitsomanus PT, Limjindaporn T. SB203580 Modulates p38 MAPK Signaling and Dengue Virus-Induced Liver Injury by Reducing MAPKAPK2, HSP27, and ATF2 Phosphorylation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149486. [PMID: 26901653 PMCID: PMC4764010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection causes organ injuries, and the liver is one of the most important sites of DENV infection, where viral replication generates a high viral load. The molecular mechanism of DENV-induced liver injury is still under investigation. The mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including p38 MAPK, have roles in the hepatic cell apoptosis induced by DENV. However, the in vivo role of p38 MAPK in DENV-induced liver injury is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, in a mouse model of DENV infection. Both the hematological parameters, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia, were improved by SB203580 treatment and liver transaminases and histopathology were also improved. We used a real-time PCR microarray to profile the expression of apoptosis-related genes. Tumor necrosis factor α, caspase 9, caspase 8, and caspase 3 proteins were significantly lower in the SB203580-treated DENV-infected mice than that in the infected control mice. Increased expressions of cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10, and chemokines including RANTES and IP-10 in DENV infection were reduced by SB203580 treatment. DENV infection induced the phosphorylation of p38MAPK, and its downstream signals including MAPKAPK2, HSP27 and ATF-2. SB203580 treatment did not decrease the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, but it significantly reduced the phosphorylation of MAPKAPK2, HSP27, and ATF2. Therefore, SB203580 modulates the downstream signals to p38 MAPK and reduces DENV-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aporn Chuncharunee
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aunchalee Sirimontaporn
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jutatip Panaampon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sansanee Noisakran
- Medical Biotechnology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pa-thai Yenchitsomanus
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thawornchai Limjindaporn
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Drumond BP, Fagundes LGDS, Rocha RP, Fumagalli MJ, Araki CS, Colombo TE, Nogueira ML, Castilho TE, da Silveira NJF, Malaquias LCC, Coelho LFL. Phylogenetic analysis of Dengue virus 1 isolated from South Minas Gerais, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:251-8. [PMID: 26887252 PMCID: PMC4827697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a major worldwide public health problem, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Primary infection with a single Dengue virus serotype causes a mild, self-limiting febrile illness called dengue fever. However, a subset of patients who experience secondary infection with a different serotype can progress to a more severe form of the disease, called dengue hemorrhagic fever. The four Dengue virus serotypes (1–4) are antigenically and genetically distinct and each serotype is composed of multiple genotypes. In this study we isolated one Dengue virus 1 serotype, named BR/Alfenas/2012, from a patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever in Alfenas, South Minas Gerais, Brazil and molecular identification was performed based on the analysis of NS5 gene. Swiss mice were infected with this isolate to verify its potential to induce histopathological alterations characteristic of dengue. Liver histopathological analysis of infected animals showed the presence of inflammatory infiltrates, hepatic steatosis, as well as edema, hemorrhage and necrosis focal points. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses based on the envelope gene provided evidence that the isolate BR/Alfenas/2012 belongs to genotype V, lineage I and it is probably derived from isolates of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The isolate BR/Alfenas/2012 showed two unique amino acids substitutions (SER222THRE and PHE306SER) when compared to other Brazilian isolates from the same genotype/lineage. Molecular models were generated for the envelope protein indicating that the amino acid alteration PHE 306 SER could contribute to a different folding in this region located within the domain III. Further genetic and animal model studies using BR/Alfenas/2012 and other isolates belonging to the same lineage/genotype could help determine the relation of these genetic alterations and dengue hemorrhagic fever in a susceptible population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betania Paiva Drumond
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo da Silva Fagundes
- Laboratório de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raissa Prado Rocha
- Laboratório de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcilio Jorge Fumagalli
- Laboratório de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Shigueru Araki
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Elisa Colombo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Lacerda Nogueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Elias Castilho
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Cosme Cotta Malaquias
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Leomil Coelho
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Oliveira ERA, Amorim JFS, Paes MV, Azevedo AS, Gonçalves AJS, Costa SM, Mantuano-Barradas M, Póvoa TF, de Meis J, Basílio-de-Oliveira CA, Nogueira ACMA, Alves AMB. Peripheral effects induced in BALB/c mice infected with DENV by the intracerebral route. Virology 2015; 489:95-107. [PMID: 26748331 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The lack of an immunocompetent animal model for dengue mimicking the disease in humans is a limitation for advances in this field. Inoculation by intracerebral route of neuroadapted dengue strains in mice is normally lethal and provides a straightforward readout parameter for vaccine testing. However, systemic effects of infection and the immune response elicited in this model remain poorly described. In the present work, BALB/c mice infected by the intracerebral route with neuroadapted DENV2 exhibited several evidences of systemic involvement. DENV-inoculated mice presented virus infective particles in the brain followed by viremia, especially in late stages of infection. Infection induced cellular and humoral responses, with presence of activated T cells in spleen and blood, lymphocyte infiltration and tissue damages in brain and liver, and an increase in serum levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines. Data highlighted an interplay between the central nervous system commitment and peripheral effects under this experimental condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E R A Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J F S Amorim
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M V Paes
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A S Azevedo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A J S Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S M Costa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Mantuano-Barradas
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T F Póvoa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J de Meis
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C A Basílio-de-Oliveira
- Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Gaffrée Guinle, Federal University from the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), RJ, Brazil
| | - A C M A Nogueira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A M B Alves
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gonçalves AJS, Oliveira ERA, Costa SM, Paes MV, Silva JFA, Azevedo AS, Mantuano-Barradas M, Nogueira ACMA, Almeida CJ, Alves AMB. Cooperation between CD4+ T Cells and Humoral Immunity Is Critical for Protection against Dengue Using a DNA Vaccine Based on the NS1 Antigen. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004277. [PMID: 26650916 PMCID: PMC4674122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is spread through most tropical and subtropical areas of the world and represents a serious public health problem. At present, the control of dengue disease is mainly hampered by the absence of antivirals or a vaccine, which results in an estimated half worldwide population at risk of infection. The immune response against DENV is not yet fully understood and a better knowledge of it is now recognized as one of the main challenge for vaccine development. In previous studies, we reported that a DNA vaccine containing the signal peptide sequence from the human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) fused to the DENV2 NS1 gene (pcTPANS1) induced protection against dengue in mice. In the present work, we aimed to elucidate the contribution of cellular and humoral responses elicited by this vaccine candidate for protective immunity. We observed that pcTPANS1 exerts a robust protection against dengue, inducing considerable levels of anti-NS1 antibodies and T cell responses. Passive immunization with anti-NS1 antibodies conferred partial protection in mice infected with low virus load (4 LD50), which was abrogated with the increase of viral dose (40 LD50). The pcTPANS1 also induced activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We detected production of IFN-γ and a cytotoxic activity by CD8+ T lymphocytes induced by this vaccine, although its contribution in the protection was not so evident when compared to CD4+ cells. Depletion of CD4+ cells in immunized mice completely abolished protection. Furthermore, transfer experiments revealed that animals receiving CD4+ T cells combined with anti-NS1 antiserum, both obtained from vaccinated mice, survived virus infection with survival rates not significantly different from pcTPANS1-immunized animals. Taken together, results showed that the protective immune response induced by the expression of NS1 antigen mediated by the pcTPANS1 requires a cooperation between CD4+ T cells and the humoral immunity. Dengue is an emerging mosquito-borne disease present in an extensive area of the globe with an estimated risk exposure of half of the world’s population. Unfortunately, no specific treatment or vaccine is available to control this disease, which leads to approximately 20,000 casualties annually. The protective immune response against this pathogen consists of an important goal for the development of anti-dengue strategies. For years, the presence of neutralizing antibodies was believed to represent the major response for protection against dengue. However, a recent clinical trial showed that despite the induction of a balanced antibody response against all serotypes, vaccination had only a partial efficacy. In the present work, we aimed to elucidate the contribution of the cellular and humoral responses elicited by a DNA vaccine candidate encoding the non-structural 1 protein (NS1) from dengue virus. We observed that antibody as well as T cell responses are important for protection against dengue in a cooperative way. Our results demonstrated that an effective defense against virus was not achieved with antibodies or T cells alone, but rather with the combination of both responses. Therefore, we suggest that an ideal vaccine against dengue should induce both arms of the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio J. S. Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edson R. A. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone M. Costa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marciano V. Paes
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana F. A. Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana S. Azevedo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mantuano-Barradas
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina M. A. Nogueira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cecília J. Almeida
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ada M. B. Alves
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Viral Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Prommalikit O, Thisyakorn U, Thisyakorn C. Serum Aminotransferases in Thai Children With Dengue Infection. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2015; 25:e443. [PMID: 26635947 PMCID: PMC4662847 DOI: 10.5812/ijp.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic manifestations are one of the unusual manifestations of dengue infection. OBJECTIVES We conducted this study in order to study the pattern of serum aminotransferases and sequential changes before and after shock in Thai children with dengue infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Children who were clinically and serologically diagnosed as dengue infection and were admitted to King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital during a peroid of one year were enrolled. They were clinically classified into a non-shock group and a shock group. The majority of serum aminotransferases including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were obtained within a week after the onset of fever and until 3 days after shock in the shock group. Student t-test and median in boxplot form were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS We enrolled 127 children with a mean age of 7.6 ± 3.6 years. The incidence of abnormal AST and ALT levels was 97.4% and 50.0% in the shock group, and 91.8% and 44.9% in the non-shock group respectively. 29% and 15.4% of the patients in shock group and only 10.2% and 4.1% in non-shock group had the respective AST and ALT levels > 200 U/L. Serum aminotransferase levels were significantly higher in the shock group when compared to the non-shock group. AST tended to increase starting from one day before shock and continued to increase within a few days whereas ALT was less likely to be affected. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum aminotransferases are a common finding in children with dengue infection and the levels of AST are higher than those of ALT. Patients with shock have significantly higher aminotransferase levels that increase up to 3 days after shock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olarn Prommalikit
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon-Nayok, Thailand
- Corresponding author: Olarn Prommalikit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, P. O. Box: 26120, Nakhon-Nayok, Thailand. Tel: +66-37395085(10920), Fax: +66-37395087, E-mail:
| | - Usa Thisyakorn
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chule Thisyakorn
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhu K, Huang J, Jia R, Zhang B, Wang M, Zhu D, Chen S, Liu M, Yin Z, Cheng A. Identification and molecular characterization of a novel duck Tembusu virus isolate from Southwest China. Arch Virol 2015; 160:2781-90. [PMID: 26303137 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tembusu virus (TMUV) has caused significant economic losses in the Chinese duck industry and may have been overlooked regarding its zoonotic transmission potential. A novel TMUV isolate (named CQW1) was separated from the liver tissue of a young duck in Southwest China. The CQW1 isolate proliferated in embryonated duck eggs and led to death within 3-4 days post-inoculation. Furthermore, CQW1 replicated in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cells and caused a cytopathic effect (CPE). The disease emerged on a duck farm in Southwest China and was reproduced by animal experiment. We found that CQW1 was detectable by RT-PCR in brain and liver tissues of dead ducklings within 5 days after inoculation. Most importantly, concentrated nuclei, neuronophagia and microglial nodules were observed in the brain tissue of the inoculated ducklings, and additionally, the liver tissue was affected, mainly by disordered lobular architecture, degeneration, necrosis and regenerated hepatocytes. Analysis of the complete genome sequence showed that CQW1 was 10,992 nt in length with two nucleotide insertions and shared 96.8% to 99.1% and 98.4% to 99.6% identity at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively, with Chinese isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences demonstrated that the CQW1 isolate was closely related to other members of the genus Flavivirus and formed a new clade together with the GX2013H isolate. Also, the CQW1 isolate demonstrated the highest average pairwise distance value among the Chinese isolates. In the present study, we obtained evidence that TMUV is present in Southwest China. Extensive pathological and epidemiological studies are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kesen Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ethanol extracts of Cassia grandis and Tabernaemontana cymosa inhibit the in vitro replication of dengue virus serotype 2. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
44
|
Srikiatkhachorn A, Kelley JF. Endothelial cells in dengue hemorrhagic fever. Antiviral Res 2014; 109:160-70. [PMID: 25025934 PMCID: PMC4148486 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Therapies to prevent or reverse endothelial dysfunction and vascular leak found in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) have not been identified. In this review we summarize dengue viruses and the spectrum of human disease and highlight evidence of endothelial cell dysfunction in DHF based on studies in patients and mouse and tissue culture models. Evidence suggests that both virus antigen and host immune response, can cause endothelial cell dysfunction and weaken endothelial barrier integrity. We suggest possible therapeutic interventions and highlight how therapies targeting altered endothelial function might be evaluated in animal models and in patients with DHF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anon Srikiatkhachorn
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
| | - James F Kelley
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Póvoa TF, Alves AMB, Oliveira CAB, Nuovo GJ, Chagas VLA, Paes MV. The pathology of severe dengue in multiple organs of human fatal cases: histopathology, ultrastructure and virus replication. PLoS One 2014; 9:e83386. [PMID: 24736395 PMCID: PMC3987999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a public health problem, with several gaps in understanding its pathogenesis. Studies based on human fatal cases are extremely important and may clarify some of these gaps. In this work, we analyzed lesions in different organs of four dengue fatal cases, occurred in Brazil. Tissues were prepared for visualization in optical and electron microscopy, with damages quantification. As expected, we observed in all studied organ lesions characteristic of severe dengue, such as hemorrhage and edema, although other injuries were also detected. Cases presented necrotic areas in the liver and diffuse macro and microsteatosis, which were more accentuated in case 1, who also had obesity. The lung was the most affected organ, with hyaline membrane formation associated with mononuclear infiltrates in patients with pre-existing diseases such as diabetes and obesity (cases 1 and 2, respectively). These cases had also extensive acute tubular necrosis in the kidney. Infection induced destruction of cardiac fibers in most cases, with absence of nucleus and loss of striations, suggesting myocarditis. Spleens revealed significant destruction of the germinal centers and atrophy of lymphoid follicles, which may be associated to decrease of T cell number. Circulatory disturbs were reinforced by the presence of megakaryocytes in alveolar spaces, thrombus formation in glomerular capillaries and loss of endothelium in several tissues. Besides histopathological and ultrastructural observations, virus replication were investigated by detection of dengue antigens, especially the non-structural 3 protein (NS3), and confirmed by the presence of virus RNA negative strand (in situ hybridization), with second staining for identification of some cells. Results showed that dengue had broader tropism comparing to what was described before in literature, replicating in hepatocytes, type II pneumocytes and cardiac fibers, as well as in resident and circulating monocytes/macrophages and endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Póvoa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fisiologia de Infecções Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ada M. B. Alves
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fisiologia de Infecções Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. B. Oliveira
- Hospital Universitário Gaffrée Guinle, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gerard J. Nuovo
- University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Vera L. A. Chagas
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marciano V. Paes
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fisiologia de Infecções Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sreekanth GP, Chuncharunee A, Sirimontaporn A, Panaampon J, Srisawat C, Morchang A, Malakar S, Thuwajit P, Kooptiwut S, Suttitheptumrong A, Songprakhon P, Noisakran S, Yenchitsomanus PT, Limjindaporn T. Role of ERK1/2 signaling in dengue virus-induced liver injury. Virus Res 2014; 188:15-26. [PMID: 24704674 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The liver is considered to be an important organ of dengue virus (DENV) replication and pathogenesis. However, molecular mechanisms of hepatic injury are still poorly understood. Modulation of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) was previously shown to affect DENV-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes in vitro. However, the in vivo role of ERK1/2, a member of the MAPK family, and the question whether its activation can facilitate cell survival or cell death, has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the role of ERK1/2 in a mouse model of DENV infection was examined. Our results show that DENV induces phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increases apoptosis. Inhibition of phosphorylated ERK1/2 by the selective ERK1/2 inhibitor, FR180204, limits hepatocyte apoptosis and reduces DENV-induced liver injury. Clinical parameters, including leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, transaminases and histology, show improvements after FR180204 treatment. The expression of cell death genes was further identified using real-time PCR array and Western blot analysis. Caspase-3 was significantly decreased in FR180204 treated DENV-infected mice compared to the levels of untreated DENV-infected mice suggesting the role of ERK1/2 signaling in immune-mediated liver injury during DENV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aporn Chuncharunee
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aunchalee Sirimontaporn
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jutatip Panaampon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatchawan Srisawat
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atthapan Morchang
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shilu Malakar
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peti Thuwajit
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwattanee Kooptiwut
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aroonroong Suttitheptumrong
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pucharee Songprakhon
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sansanee Noisakran
- Medical Biotechnology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thawornchai Limjindaporn
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Guabiraba R, Ryffel B. Dengue virus infection: current concepts in immune mechanisms and lessons from murine models. Immunology 2014; 141:143-56. [PMID: 24182427 PMCID: PMC3904235 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENV), a group of four serologically distinct but related flaviviruses, are responsible for one of the most important emerging viral diseases. This mosquito-borne disease has a great impact in tropical and subtropical areas of the world in terms of illness, mortality and economic costs, mainly due to the lack of approved vaccine or antiviral drugs. Infections with one of the four serotypes of DENV (DENV-1-4) result in symptoms ranging from an acute, self-limiting febrile illness, dengue fever, to severe dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. We reviewed the existing mouse models of infection, including the DENV-2-adapted strain P23085. The role of CC chemokines, interleukin-17 (IL-17), IL-22 and invariant natural killer T cells in mediating the exacerbation of disease in immune-competent mice is highlighted. Investigations in both immune-deficient and immune-competent mouse models of DENV infection may help to identify key host–pathogen factors and devise novel therapies to restrain the systemic and local inflammatory responses associated with severe DENV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Guabiraba
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgow, UK
- Université d’Orléans and CNRS, UMR 7355 Molecular and Experimental Immunology and NeurogeneticsOrléans, France
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- Université d’Orléans and CNRS, UMR 7355 Molecular and Experimental Immunology and NeurogeneticsOrléans, France
- IIDMM, UCTCape Town, South Africa
- Artimmune SASOrléans, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li S, Li X, Zhang L, Wang Y, Yu X, Tian K, Su W, Han B, Su J. Duck Tembusu virus exhibits neurovirulence in BALB/c mice. Virol J 2013; 10:260. [PMID: 23941427 PMCID: PMC3765187 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duck Tembusu virus is a member of the Ntaya group in the genus Flavivirus. The virus has been responsible for severe duck egg-drop syndrome in China since 2010. Its emergence and rapid spread have caused great economic loss for the poultry industry. The epidemiology of the virus infection and the potential threat to public health is of great concern because of the infective and zoonotic nature of flaviviruses. Results In this study, the pathogenicity of duck Tembusu virus in BALB/c mice was investigated. Infected mice developed clinical signs, including loss of appetite, ruffled hair, weight loss, disorientation, blindness and paralysis of hind limbs from six days post- infection following intracerebral inoculation. Morbidity was 100%, with mortality ranging from 20 to 80% in three- to eight-week-old mice. High virus titers were recovered from the brain, and the virus was distributed in several organs. Histologically, there was widespread non-suppurative encephalitis in the brain. Lymphocyte depletion in the spleen was observed, along with fatty degeneration in the liver and kidney. Conclusions Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that duck Tembusu virus is highly neurovirulent in BALB/c mice. The mouse model used in this work was able to produce Tembusu virus infection and could be useful for elucidating some of the aspects of the pathophysiology of other flavivirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mawson AR. Retinoids, race and the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81:1069-74. [PMID: 23999008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is the most significant mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide in terms of illness, mortality and economic cost, but the pathogenesis of DHF is not well understood and there is no specific treatment or vaccine. Based on evidence of liver involvement, it is proposed that dengue virus and retinoids interact to cause cholestatic liver damage, resulting in the spillage of stored retinoids into the circulation and in an endogenous form of hypervitaminosisis A manifested by the signs and symptoms of the disease, including: fever, severe joint and bone pain, capillary leakage, thrombocytopenia, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms. While retinoids in low concentration are essential for numerous biological functions, they are prooxidant, cytotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic in higher concentration, especially when unbound to protein, and an endogenous form of vitamin A intoxication is recognized in cholestasis. The model tentatively explains the observations that 1) repeat infections are more severe than initial dengue virus infections; 2) the incidence of denue has increased dramatically worldwide in recent decades; 3) DHF is less prevalent in people of African ancestry than those of other racial backgrounds; and 4) infants are protected from dengue. The retinoid toxicity hypothesis of DHF predicts the co-existence of low serum concentrations of retinol coupled with high concentrations of retinoic acid and an increased percentage of retinyl esters to total vitamin A. Subject to such tests, it may be possible to treat DHF effectively using drugs that target the metabolism and expression of retinoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Mawson
- Health Policy and Management, School of Health Sciences, College of Public Service, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Akıncı E, Bodur H, Leblebicioglu H. Pathogenesis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2013; 13:429-37. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2012.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Esragül Akıncı
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hürrem Bodur
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Leblebicioglu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical School, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|