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Li H, Li M, Dong S, Dong A, Wang J, Zhu Y, Deng Y, Chen S, Zhang M. Preliminary study of the interactive effects of coronary heart disease and lacunar infarction on renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by gender. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108477. [PMID: 37121118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease (CHD) and lacunar infarction (LI) are the most common cardio- cerebrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a recognized risk factor for renal injury. Although a unidirectional association of CHD or LI with T2DM or the kidney has been demonstrated, however, it remains unknown whether there is an interactive effect of the coexistence of CHD and LI on renal function in T2DM patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the interaction between CHD and LI on renal function in gender-specific patients with T2DM and the association between cardio-cerebrovascular disease-related conventional serum markers and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in Beijing and Tianjin from April 2019 to August 2021. Participants with T2DM aged ≥18 years were asked to complete a one-to-one questionnaire and physical examination. RESULTS In this study, 389 eligible patients with T2DM were included, with a mean age of 63.04 ± 9.41 years, of whom 200 (51.41 %) were male. The proportions of patients with CHD, LI, and both CHD and LI were 28.53 %, 24.42 %, and 11.05 %, respectively. Compared to T2DM patients without either CHD or LI, those with both CHD and LI were found to have a significantly greater risk of reduced eGFR (OR: 12.82, 95 % CI 5.06-32.52, P < 0.001) than those with CHD alone (OR: 2.42, 95 % CI 1.37-3.00, P = 0.004) or LI alone (OR: 1.15, 95 % CI 0.61-2.18, P = 0.664). The combined presence of CHD and LI is associated with a significantly greater risk of decreased eGFR in female T2DM patients compared to their male counterparts. We found both multiplicative and additive effects in all T2DM patients; however, when stratified by sex, only multiplicative effects were observed. After controlling for interference from CHD, LI, and age, we found that total cholesterol (TC) was negatively correlated with eGFR in females (r = -0.156, P = 0.034), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was negatively correlated with eGFR in males (r = -0.229, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION This study provides novel evidence that the synergistic effect of CHD and LI on renal injury in patients with T2DM is significantly greater than their individual effects. Women with T2DM who have both CHD and LI are at a 4.85-fold higher risk of decreased eGFR than men. Therefore, increased clinical attention should be given to preventing and treating vascular complications in T2DM patients, as well as aggressively reducing lipid levels, particularly TC and LDL-C, to delay or prevent renal dysfunction in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdian Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxuan Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoning Dong
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ao Dong
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Zhang Y, Ma XZ, Zhao XY, Li JJ, Ma S, Pang ZD, Xu J, Du XJ, Deng XL, Wang JH. AGEs-RAGE-KCa3.1 pathway mediates palmitic acid-induced migration of PBMCs from patients with type 2 diabetes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14823. [PMID: 37025887 PMCID: PMC10070889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. Tissue infiltration by monocyte migration contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular complications in T2DM. We studied the role of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa3.1) channels in the palmitic acid (PA)-induced migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T2DM patients and the influence of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). A total of 49 T2DM patients and 33 healthy subjects was recruited into this study. Using flow cytometry and Western blotting analysis as well as cell migration assay, we found that there was a significant decrease in frequency of T lymphocytes and monocytes in CD45+ leukocyte population. PA at 100 μM stimulated migration of PBMCs from T2DM individuals, which was inhibited by the specific KCa3.1 channel blocker TRAM-34 (1 μM). The PBMC migration was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin A1 chain (HbA1c) level of T2DM patients, an indicator of AGEs, and PBMCs with higher level of HbA1c showed upregulated expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/4 and KCa3.1 channels. In THP-1 cells, AGEs at 200 μg/ml increased protein expression of TLR 2/4 and KCa3.1 channels, and were synergistically involved in PA-induced migration through receptors of AGEs (RAGE)-mediated KCa3.1 upregulation. In conclusion, in PBMCs of T2DM patients, AGEs promotes PA-induced migration via upregulation of TLR2/4 and KCa3.1 channels.
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Jiang L, Li J, Reilly S, Xin H, Guo N, Zhang X. Role of organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels in disease development. Life Sci 2023; 316:121433. [PMID: 36708987 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels share a similar ability to transfer the alteration of Ca2+ concentration to membrane conductance of potassium. Multiple effects of Ca2+-activated K+ channels on cell metabolism and complex signaling pathways during organ development have been explored. The organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels are able to control the ionic equilibrium and are always associated with oxidative stress in different organelles and the whole cells. Some drugs targeting Ca2+-activated K+ channels have been tested for various diseases in clinical trials. In this review, the known roles of organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels were described, and their effects on different diseases, particularly on diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases were discussed. It was attempted to summarize the currently known operational modes with the involvement of organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels. This review may assist scholars to more comprehensively understand organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Minhang hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Sytha SP, Self TS, Heaps CL. K + channels in the coronary microvasculature of the ischemic heart. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 90:141-166. [PMID: 36368873 PMCID: PMC10494550 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death and a major public health and economic burden worldwide with expectations of predicted growth in the foreseeable future. It is now recognized clinically that flow-limiting stenosis of the large coronary conduit arteries as well as microvascular dysfunction in the absence of severe stenosis can each contribute to the etiology of ischemic heart disease. The primary site of coronary vascular resistance, and control of subsequent coronary blood flow, is found in the coronary microvasculature, where small changes in radius can have profound impacts on myocardial perfusion. Basal active tone and responses to vasodilators and vasoconstrictors are paramount in the regulation of coronary blood flow and adaptations in signaling associated with ion channels are a major factor in determining alterations in vascular resistance and thereby myocardial blood flow. K+ channels are of particular importance as contributors to all aspects of the regulation of arteriole resistance and control of perfusion into the myocardium because these channels dictate membrane potential, the resultant activity of voltage-gated calcium channels, and thereby, the contractile state of smooth muscle. Evidence also suggests that K+ channels play a significant role in adaptations with cardiovascular disease states. In this review, we highlight our research examining the role of K+ channels in ischemic heart disease and adaptations with exercise training as treatment, as well as how our findings have contributed to this area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanee P Sytha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Trevor S Self
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Cristine L Heaps
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Science and Biomedical Devices, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.
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5
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Aftermath of AGE-RAGE Cascade in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular ailments. Life Sci 2022; 307:120860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Singh S, Siva BV, Ravichandiran V. Advanced Glycation End Products: key player of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:547-563. [PMID: 35579827 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common type of cardiovascular disease, and it causes intima thickening, plaque development, and ultimate blockage of the artery lumen. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are thought to have a role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. there is developing an enthusiasm for AGEs as a potential remedial target. AGES mainly induce arterial damage and exacerbate the development of atherosclerotic plaques by triggering cell receptor-dependent signalling. The interplay of AGEs with RAGE, a transmembrane signalling receptor present across all cells important to atherosclerosis, changes cell activity, boosts expression of genes, and increases the outflow of inflammatory compounds, resulting in arterial wall injury and plaque formation. Here in this review, function of AGEs in the genesis, progression, and instability of atherosclerosis is discussed. In endothelial and smooth muscle cells, as well as platelets, the interaction of AGEs with their transmembrane cell receptor, RAGE, triggers intracellular signalling, resulting in endothelial damage, vascular smooth muscle cell function modification, and changed platelet activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP) Zandaha Road, 844102, Dist:Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar, India.
| | - Boddu Veerabadra Siva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP) Zandaha Road, 844102, Dist:Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP) Zandaha Road, 844102, Dist:Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar, India
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Matsumoto T, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Relationships between advanced glycation end products (AGEs), vasoactive substances, and vascular function. J Smooth Muscle Res 2022; 57:94-107. [PMID: 35095032 PMCID: PMC8795595 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.57.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) are major cell types that control vascular function, and hence dysfunction of these cells plays a key role in the development and progression of vasculopathies. Abnormal vascular responsiveness to vasoactive substances including vasoconstrictors and vasodilators has been observed in various arteries in diseases including diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases, and atherosclerosis. Several substances derived from ECs tightly control vascular function, such as endothelium-derived relaxing and contracting factors, and it is known that abnormal vascular signaling of these endothelium-derived substances is often observed in various diseases. Derangement of signaling in VSMCs and altered function influence vascular reactivity to vasoactive substances and tone, which are important determinants of vascular resistance and blood pressure. However, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying abnormalities of vascular functions in pathological states is difficult because multiple substances interact in the development of these processes. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a heterogeneous group of bioactive compounds, are thought to contribute to vascular dysfunction, which in turn cause the development of several diseases including diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and atherosclerosis. A growing body of evidence suggests that AGEs could affect these cells and modulate vascular function. This study is focused on the link between AGEs and functions of ECs and VSMCs, particularly the modulative effects of AGEs on vascular reactivities to vasoactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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8
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Mao L, Yin R, Yang L, Zhao D. Role of advanced glycation end products on vascular smooth muscle cells under diabetic atherosclerosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:983723. [PMID: 36120471 PMCID: PMC9470882 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.983723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease and leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. The progression of AS is a multi-step process leading to high morbidity and mortality. Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammation and insulin resistance which strictly involved in diabetes are closely related to the pathogenesis of AS. A growing number of studies have linked AGEs to AS. As one of the risk factors of cardiac metabolic diseases, dysfunction of VSMCs plays an important role in AS pathogenesis. AGEs are increased in diabetes, participate in the occurrence and progression of AS through multiple molecular mechanisms of vascular cell injury. As the main functional cells of vascular, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play different roles in each stage of atherosclerotic lesions. The interaction between AGEs and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) accelerates AS by affecting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. In addition, increasing researches have reported that AGEs promote osteogenic transformation and macrophage-like transformation of VSMCs, and affect the progression of AS through other aspects such as autophagy and cell cycle. In this review, we summarize the effect of AGEs on VSMCs in atherosclerotic plaque development and progression. We also discuss the AGEs that link AS and diabetes mellitus, including oxidative stress, inflammation, RAGE ligands, small noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong Zhao
- *Correspondence: Longyan Yang, ; Dong Zhao,
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9
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Matsumoto T, Takayanagi K, Kojima M, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Mechanisms underlying suppression of noradrenaline-induced contraction by prolonged treatment with advanced glycation end-products in organ-cultured rat carotid artery. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:355-366. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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10
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Amplification of the COX/TXS/TP receptor pathway enhances uridine diphosphate-induced contraction by advanced glycation end products in rat carotid arteries. Pflugers Arch 2019; 471:1505-1517. [PMID: 31736003 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-019-02330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a pivotal role in vascular functions under various pathophysiological conditions. Although uridine diphosphate (UDP) is an important extracellular nucleotide, the relationship between AGEs and UDP regarding their effect on vascular functions remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of AGE-bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) on UDP-mediated responses in rat thoracic aorta and carotid arteries. In rat thoracic aorta, UDP-induced relaxation was observed and this relaxation was similar between control (1.0 v/v% PBS) and AGE-BSA-treated (0.1 mg/mL for 60 min) groups. In contrast, contraction but not relaxation was obtained following UDP application to carotid arteries with and without endothelia; contraction was greater in the AGE-BSA-treated group than in the control group. The difference in UDP-induced contraction between the two groups was not abolished by the use of a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, whereas it was abolished by the use of cyclooxygenase (COX), thromboxane synthase (TXS), and thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptor antagonist. Further, the difference in UDP-induced contraction was not abolished by the use of a cPLA2 inhibitor, whereas it was abolished by the use of an iPLA2 inhibitor. UDP increased TXA2 release in both groups, and its level was similar in both groups. Moreover, the release of PGE2, PGF2α, and PGI2 was similar among the groups. Under NOS inhibition, TP receptor agonist-induced contraction increased in the AGE-BSA-treated group (vs. control group). In conclusion, the increase in UDP-induced carotid arterial contraction by AGE-BSA can be attributed to an increase in the COX/TXS/TP receptor pathway, particularly, TP receptor signaling.
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Kosmopoulos M, Drekolias D, Zavras PD, Piperi C, Papavassiliou AG. Impact of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) signaling in coronary artery disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:611-619. [PMID: 30611860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of mortality in adult diabetic population with however, a high predominance also in non-diabetic subjects. In search of common molecular mechanisms and metabolic by-products with potential pathogenic role, increased advanced glycation end products (AGEs) present a critical biomarker for CAD development in both cases. Interaction of AGEs with their transmembrane cell receptor, RAGE in endothelial and smooth muscle cells as well as in platelets, activates intracellular signaling that leads to endothelial injury, modulation of vascular smooth muscle cell function and altered platelet activity. Furthermore, tissue accumulation of AGEs affects current treatment approaches being involved in stent restenosis. The present review provides an update of AGE-induced molecular mechanisms involved in CAD pathophysiology while it discusses emerging therapeutic interventions targeting AGE reduction and AGE-RAGE signaling with beneficial clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinos Kosmopoulos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Drekolias
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Phaedon D Zavras
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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Liu CH, Hua N, Fu X, Pan YL, Li B, Li XD. Metformin regulates atrial SK2 and SK3 expression through inhibiting the PKC/ERK signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:236. [PMID: 30545309 PMCID: PMC6293565 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study showed that metformin regulates the mRNA and protein levels of type 2 small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (SK2) and type 3 small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SK3) in atrial tissue as well as the ion current of atrial myocytes in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the underlying signaling mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether metformin regulates atrial SK2 and SK3 protein expression in T2DM rats though the protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Methods A T2DM rat model was established using a high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with a low-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were randomly divided into the following five groups: the control group, the untreated T2DM group, the metformin-treated only group, the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; a PKC agonist administered by intraperitoneal injection) treatment group, and the recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh-EGF; an ERK agonist administered by tail vein injection) treatment group. The activity of PKC in atrial tissues was assayed by a PKC kinase activity assay kit. The protein expression of SK2, SK3, and phosphorylated ERK (pERK) were determined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the Control group, atrial PKC activity and pERK and SK3 protein expression were increased, while SK2 protein expression was decreased in atrial tissues of T2DM rats. Eight weeks of metformin treatment inhibited the PKC activity and pERK and SK3 expression, and elevated SK2 expression compared with the T2DM group. Compared with the metformin-treated only group, the injection of rh-EGF increased pERK and SK3 expression, and decreased SK2 expression; the injection of PMA increased PKC activity and SK3 expression, and decreased SK2 expression. In addition, the injection with PMA significantly elevated the expression of pERK. Conclusions The PKC/ERK signaling pathway is involved in the downregulation of SK2 expression and the upregulation of SK3 expression in the atrium of T2DM rats. Long-term metformin treatment prevents the SK2 downregulation and the SK3 upregulation through inhibiting the PKC/ERK signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12872-018-0950-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-He Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Lin WJ, Ma XF, Hao M, Zhou HR, Yu XY, Shao N, Gao XY, Kuang HY. Liraglutide attenuates the migration of retinal pericytes induced by advanced glycation end products. Peptides 2018; 105:7-13. [PMID: 29746877 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Retinal pericyte migration represents a novel mechanism of pericyte loss in diabetic retinopathy (DR), which plays a crucial role in the early impairment of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been shown to protect the diabetic retina in the early stage of DR; however, the relationship between GLP-1 and retinal pericytes has not been discussed. In this study, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) significantly increased the migration of primary bovine retinal pericytes without influencing cell viability. AGEs also significantly enhanced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt activation, and changed the expressions of migration-related proteins, including phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and vinculin. PI3K inhibition significantly attenuated the AGEs-induced migration of retinal pericytes and reversed the overexpression of MMP-2. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (Glp1r) was expressed in retinal pericytes, and liraglutide, a GLP-1 analog, significantly attenuated the migration of pericytes by Glp1r and reversed the changes in p-Akt/Akt, p-FAK/FAK, vinculin and MMP-2 levels induced by AGEs, indicating that the protective effect of liraglutide was associated with the PI3K/Akt pathway. These results provided new insights into the mechanism underlying retinal pericyte migration. The early use of liraglutide exerts a potential bebefical effect on regulating pericyte migration, which might contribute to mechanisms that maintain the integrity of vascular barrier and delay the development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jian Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue-Fei Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Hao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huan-Ran Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Yang Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Yu Kuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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14
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The Impact of Uremic Toxins on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10060218. [PMID: 29844272 PMCID: PMC6024314 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10060218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with profound vascular remodeling, which accelerates the progression of cardiovascular disease. This remodeling is characterized by intimal hyperplasia, accelerated atherosclerosis, excessive vascular calcification, and vascular stiffness. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction has a key role in the remodeling process. Under uremic conditions, VSMCs can switch from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic phenotype, and undergo abnormal proliferation, migration, senescence, apoptosis, and calcification. A growing body of data from experiments in vitro and animal models suggests that uremic toxins (such as inorganic phosphate, indoxyl sulfate and advanced-glycation end products) may directly impact the VSMCs’ physiological functions. Chronic, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress—hallmarks of CKD—are also strong inducers of VSMC dysfunction. Here, we review current knowledge about the impact of uremic toxins on VSMC function in CKD, and the consequences for pathological vascular remodeling.
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15
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Ma XZ, Pang ZD, Wang JH, Song Z, Zhao LM, Du XJ, Deng XL. The role and mechanism of K Ca3.1 channels in human monocyte migration induced by palmitic acid. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:208-217. [PMID: 29792849 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte migration into diseased tissues contributes to the pathogenesis of diseases. Intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa3.1) channels play an important role in cell migration. However, the role of KCa3.1 channels in mediating monocyte migration induced by palmitic acid (PA) is still unclear. Using cultured THP-1 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy subjects, we investigated the role and signaling mechanisms of KCa3.1 channels in mediating the migration induced by PA. Using methods of Western blotting analysis, RNA interference, cell migration assay and ELISA, we found that PA-treated monocytes exhibited increment of the protein levels of KCa3.1 channel and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and the effects were reversed by co-incubation of PA with anti-TLR2/4 antibodies or by specific inhibitors of p38-MAPK, or NF-κB. In addition, PA increased monocyte migration, which was abolished by a specific KCa3.1 channel blocker, TRAM-34, or KCa3.1 small interfering RNA (siRNA). The expression and secretion of MCP-1 induced by PA was also similarly prevented by TRAM-34 and KCa3.1 siRNA. These results demonstrate for the first time that PA upregulates KCa3.1 channels through TLR2/4, p38-MAPK and NF-κB pathway to promote the expression of MCP-1, and then induce the trans-endothelial migration of monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhen Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng-Da Pang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun-Hong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Fifth West Road, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Song
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li-Mei Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Du
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Xiu-Ling Deng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China; Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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16
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Centeno JM, Miranda-Gómez L, López-Morales MA, Jover-Mengual T, Burguete MC, Marrachelli VG, Castelló-Ruiz M, Aliena-Valero A, Alborch E, Miranda FJ. Diabetes modifies the role of prostanoids and potassium channels which regulate the hypereactivity of the rabbit renal artery to BNP. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:501-511. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Severino P, D'Amato A, Netti L, Pucci M, De Marchis M, Palmirotta R, Volterrani M, Mancone M, Fedele F. Diabetes Mellitus and Ischemic Heart Disease: The Role of Ion Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29534462 PMCID: PMC5877663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one the strongest risk factors for cardiovascular disease and, in particular, for ischemic heart disease (IHD). The pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia in diabetic patients is complex and not fully understood: some diabetic patients have mainly coronary stenosis obstructing blood flow to the myocardium; others present with coronary microvascular disease with an absence of plaques in the epicardial vessels. Ion channels acting in the cross-talk between the myocardial energy state and coronary blood flow may play a role in the pathophysiology of IHD in diabetic patients. In particular, some genetic variants for ATP-dependent potassium channels seem to be involved in the determinism of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Severino
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea D'Amato
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Lucrezia Netti
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mariateresa Pucci
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marialaura De Marchis
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Oncology Oncogenomic Research Center, 'Aldo Moro' University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Volterrani
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele, 00163 Rome, Italy.
| | - Massimo Mancone
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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18
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Dhar S, Sun Z, Meininger GA, Hill MA. Nonenzymatic glycation interferes with fibronectin-integrin interactions in vascular smooth muscle cells. Microcirculation 2018; 24. [PMID: 28005306 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate whether advanced nonenzymatic glycation of the ECM protein, fibronectin, impacts its normal integrin-mediated interaction with arteriolar VSMC. METHODS AFM was performed on cultured VSMC from rat cremaster arterioles to study native and glycated fibronectin (FN and gFN) interactions with cellular integrins. AFM probes were functionalized with FN or gFN or with native or glycated albumin (gAlb) as controls. RESULTS VSMC showed increased adhesion probability to gFN (72.9±3.5%) compared with native FN (63.0±1.6%). VSMC similarly showed increased probability of adhesion (63.8±1.7%) to gAlb compared with native Alb (40.1±4.7%). Adhesion of native FN to VSMC was α5 and β1 integrin dependent whereas adhesion of gFN to VSMC was integrin independent. The RAGE-selective inhibitor, FPS-ZM1, blocked gFN (and gAlb) adhesion, suggesting that adhesion of glycated proteins was RAGE dependent. Interaction of FN with VSMC was not altered by soluble gFN while soluble native FN did not inhibit adhesion of gFN to VSMC. In contrast, gAlb inhibited adhesion of gFN to VSMC in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Glycation of FN shifts the nature of cellular adhesion from integrin- to RAGE-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Dhar
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zhe Sun
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Gerald A Meininger
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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19
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Dong P, Liu M, Liu C. Exenatide Inhibits the K Ca3.1 Channels of Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle in Diabetic Rats. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2017; 33:648-655. [PMID: 29167619 PMCID: PMC5694930 DOI: 10.6515/acs20170612b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND KCa3.1 ion channels play an important role during atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the effect of exenatide on KCa3.1 expression in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of diabetic rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC), diabetes model (DM), and exenatide treatment (ET) groups. Hematoxylin and eosin and α-actin immunohistochemical staining were used to detect changes in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect changes in KCa3.1 mRNA and protein levels, respectively. RESULTS Aortic tissue staining in the DM group revealed an absence of smooth or integrated endothelium, increased smooth muscle cell proliferation in the media, smooth muscle hyperplasia, disorganized smooth muscle cells, and an increased number of collagen fibers, relative to the NC and ET groups. KCa3.1 mRNA expression was higher in the DM group than in the NC and ET groups. Similarly, the KCa3.1 protein level was higher in the DM group than in the NC and ET groups. The KCa3.1 protein level did not significantly differ between the ET and NC groups. CONCLUSIONS Exenatide could inhibit the expression of the KCa3.1 channel in VSMCs of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minglong Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004
| | - Chaofeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 710021, China
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20
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Pchelintseva E, Djamgoz MBA. Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation: Control by calcium-activated potassium channels. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3755-3768. [PMID: 28776687 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in modern medicine for which understanding the mechanisms controlling their differentiation is fundamental. Ion channels offer novel insights to this process because of their role in modulating membrane potential and intracellular milieu. Here, we evaluate the contribution of calcium-activated potassium (KCa ) channels to the three main components of MSC differentiation: initiation, proliferation, and migration. First, we demonstrate the importance of the membrane potential (Vm ) and the apparent association of hyperpolarization with differentiation. Of KCa subtypes, most evidence points to activity of big-conductance channels in inducing initiation. On the other hand, intermediate-conductance currents have been shown to promote progression through the cell cycle. While there is no information on the role of KCa channels in migration of MSCs, work from other stem cells and cancer cells suggest that intermediate-conductance and to a lesser extent big-conductance channels drive migration. In all cases, these effects depend on species, tissue origin and lineage. Finally, we present a conceptual model that demonstrates how KCa activity could influence differentiation by regulating Vm and intracellular Ca2+ oscillations. We conclude that KCa channels have significant involvement in MSC differentiation and could potentially enable novel tissue engineering approaches and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pchelintseva
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Neuroscience Solution to Cancer Research Group, London, UK.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Neuroscience Solution to Cancer Research Group, London, UK
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21
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Bae H, Lim I. Effects of nitric oxide on large-conductance Ca 2+ -activated K + currents in human cardiac fibroblasts through PKA and PKG-related pathways. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:1116-1124. [PMID: 28731589 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The human cardiac fibroblast (HCF) is the most abundant cell type in the myocardium, and HCFs play critical roles in maintaining normal cardiac function. However, unlike cardiomyocytes, the electrophysiology of HCFs is not well established. In the cardiovascular system, Ca2+ -activated K+ (KCa) channels have distinct physiological and pathological functions, and nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of NO on KCa channels in HCFs. We recorded strong oscillating, well-maintained outward K+ currents without marked inactivation throughout the test pulse period and detected outward rectification in the I-V curve; these are all characteristics that are typical of KCa currents. These currents were blocked with iberiotoxin (IBTX, a BKCa blocker) but not with TRAM-34 (an IKCa blocker). The amplitudes of the currents were increased with SNAP (an NO donor), and these increases were inhibited with IBTX. The SNAP-stimulating effect on the BKCa currents was blocked by pretreatment with KT5823 (a protein kinase G [PKG] inhibitor) or 1 H-[1,-2, -4] oxadiazolo-[4,-3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor). Additionally, 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (8-Br-cGMP) stimulated the BKCa currents, and pretreatment with KT5720 (a protein kinase A [PKA] inhibitor) and SQ22536 (an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor) blocked the NO-stimulating effect on the BKCa currents. Furthermore, 8-bromo-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) activated the BKCa currents. These data suggest that BKCa current is the main subtype of the KCa current in HCFs and that NO enhances these currents through the PKG and PKA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemi Bae
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inja Lim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Xiang M, Yang R, Zhang Y, Wu P, Wang L, Gao Z, Wang J. Effect of crocetin on vascular smooth muscle cells migration induced by advanced glycosylation end products. Microvasc Res 2017; 112:30-36. [PMID: 28209519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Crocetin is a major active constituent of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, and can aid in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. The effect and possible mechanism of crocetin on the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) were investigated. VSMCs were pre-incubated with or without crocetin and exposed to AGEs subsequently. The invasion of the cells was investigated using a 24-well Cell Invasion Chamber. The anti-proliferative activity of crocetin was evaluated by MTT assay and VSMCs cell-cycle distribution was examined by flow cytometry. Cytokine TNF-α and IL-6 secreted by VSMCs and the amount of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the culture supernatant were detected by ELISA. The expression level of RAGE (AGEs receptor), in cells was analyzed by western blot. The results demonstrated that AGEs increased about two-fold migration of VSMCs compared with control (OD=0.778±0.191 vs OD=0.413±0.214, P<0.01), and the proliferation increased by about 20% (OD=0.335±0.043 vs OD=0.281±0.037, P<0.01). Pre-treatment with crocetin (1.0μM) or RAGE antibody (10μg/ml) could inhibit the AGEs triggered migration of VSMCs obviously. Furthermore, both crocetin and RAGE antibody inhibited the increase of RAGE protein in VSMCs stimulated by AGEs. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 decreased in the crocetin (1.0μM) pre-treated group compared to the AGEs (without pre-treated) group (37.60±3.08pg/ml vs 46.59±1.92pg/ml, 32.11±4.69pg/ml vs 49.99±8.84pg/ml, respectively). Crocetin (1.0μM) also reduced the value of MMP-2 and MMP-9 compared with the AGEs group (2.81±0.35ng/ml vs 6.40±0.85ng/ml, 2.69±0.25ng/ml vs 4.32±0.57ng/ml, respectively). In summary, crocetin inhibits the migration of VSMCs induced by AGEs through RAGE-dependent signaling pathway. And it is meaningful to diabetic vascular complications.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carotenoids/pharmacology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/prevention & control
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/toxicity
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Rats
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/drug effects
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Vitamin A/analogs & derivatives
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China.
| | - Runlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Analytical Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Pingping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Analytical Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
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23
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Li C, Chang Y, Li Y, Chen S, Chen Y, Ye N, Dai D, Sun Y. Advanced glycation end products promote the proliferation and migration of primary rat vascular smooth muscle cells via the upregulation of BAG3. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1242-1254. [PMID: 28350077 PMCID: PMC5403185 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and whether Bcl-2‑associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is involved in the process. Primary rat VSMCs were extracted and cultured in vitro. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay and cell proliferation was detected by EdU incorporation assay. Cell migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays. BAG3 was detected using qPCR and western blot analysis. Transcriptional and translational inhibitors (actinomycin D and cycloheximide, respectively) were used to study the effect of AGEs on the expression of BAG3 in VSMCs. Lentiviral plasmids containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against rat BAG3 or control shRNA were transduced into VSMCs. Cellular ROS were detected by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRE) staining. AGEs significantly increased the expression of BAG3 in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, AGEs mainly increased the expression of BAG3 mRNA by increasing the RNA synthesis rather than inhibiting the RNA translation. BAG3 knockdown reduced the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by AGEs. BAG3 knockdown reduced the generation of ROS and sustained the mitochondrial membrane potential of VSMCs. Reduction of ROS production by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent antioxidant, also reduced the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. On the whole, the present study demonstrated for the first time that AGEs could increase ROS production and promote the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by upregulating BAG3 expression. This study indicated that BAG3 should be considered as a potential target for the prevention and/or treatment of vascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunshu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ye Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yintao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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24
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Protective role of ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas in myocardial fibrosis by downregulating K Ca3.1 channel via ERK1/2 pathway. Pflugers Arch 2016; 468:2041-2051. [PMID: 27592222 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa3.1) channel plays a vital role in myocardial fibrosis induced by angiotensin (Ang) II. However, as the antagonists of Ang II, the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis on KCa3.1 channel during myocardial fibrosis remains unknown. This study was designed to explore the function of KCa3.1 channel in the cardioprotective role of ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas. Wild-type (WT) mice, hACE2 transgenic mice (Tg), and ACE2 deficiency mice (ACE2-/-) were administrated with Ang II by osmotic mini-pumps. As the activator of ACE2, diminazene aceturate (DIZE) inhibited increase of blood pressure, collagen deposition, and KCa3.1 protein expression in myocardium of WT mice induced by Ang II. In Tg and ACE2-/- mice, besides the elevation of blood pressure, Ang II induced transformation of cardiac fibroblast into myofibroblast and resulted in augmentation of hydroxyproline concentration and collagen deposition, as well as KCa3.1 protein expression, but the changes in ACE2-/- mice were more obvious than those in Tg mice. Mas antagonist A779 reduced blood pressure, myocardium fibrosis, and myocardium KCa3.1 protein expression by Ang II in Tg mice, but activation of KCa3.1 with SKA-31 in Tg mice promoted the pro-fibrogenic effects of Ang II. Respectively, in ACE2-/- mice, TRAM-34, the KCa3.1 blocker, and Ang-(1-7) inhibited increase of blood pressure, collagen deposition, and KCa3.1 protein expression by Ang II. Moreover, DIZE and Ang-(1-7) depressed p-ERK1/2/t-ERK increases by Ang II in WT mice, and after blockage of ERK1/2 pathway with PD98059, the KCa3.1 protein expression was reduced in WT mice. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas protects the myocardium from hypertension-induced injury, which is related to its inhibiting effect on KCa3.1 channels through ERK1/2 pathway. Our results reveal that KCa3.1 channel is likely to be a critical target on the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis for its protective role in myocardial fibrosis and changes of KCa3.1 induced by homeostasis of ACE-Ang II-AT1 axis and ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis may be a new therapeutic target in myocardial fibrosis.
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25
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Modafinil improves monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension rat model. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:119-27. [PMID: 26959484 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) progressively leads to increases in pulmonary vasoconstriction. Modafinil plays a role in vasorelaxation and blocking KCa3.1 channel with a result of elevating intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects on modafinil in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rat. METHODS The rats were separated into three groups: the control group, the monocrotaline (M) group (MCT 60 mg/kg), and the modafinil (MD) group (MCT 60 mg/kg + modafinil). RESULTS Reduced right ventricular pressure (RVP) was observed in the MD group. Right ventricular hypertrophy was improved in the MD group. Reduced number of intra-acinar pulmonary arteries and medial wall thickness were noted in the MD group. After the administration of modafinil, protein expressions of endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelin receptor A (ERA) and KCa3.1 channel were significantly reduced. Modafinil suppressed pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation via cAMP and KCa3.1 channel. Additionally, we confirmed protein expressions such as Bcl-2-associated X, vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 were reduced in the MD group. CONCLUSION Modafinil improved PAH by vasorelaxation and a decrease in medial thickening via ET-1, ERA, and KCa3.1 down regulation. This is a meaningful study of a modafinil in PAH model.
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Ehling P, Meuth P, Eichinger P, Herrmann AM, Bittner S, Pawlowski M, Pankratz S, Herty M, Budde T, Meuth SG. Human T cells in silico: Modelling their electrophysiological behaviour in health and disease. J Theor Biol 2016; 404:236-250. [PMID: 27288542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although various types of ion channels are known to have an impact on human T cell effector functions, their exact mechanisms of influence are still poorly understood. The patch clamp technique is a well-established method for the investigation of ion channels in neurons and T cells. However, small cell sizes and limited selectivity of pharmacological blockers restrict the value of this experimental approach. Building a realistic T cell computer model therefore can help to overcome these kinds of limitations as well as reduce the overall experimental effort. The computer model introduced here was fed off ion channel parameters from literature and new experimental data. It is capable of simulating the electrophysiological behaviour of resting and activated human CD4(+) T cells under basal conditions and during extracellular acidification. The latter allows for the very first time to assess the electrophysiological consequences of tissue acidosis accompanying most forms of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Ehling
- Department of Neurology, and Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Patrick Meuth
- Department of Neurology, and Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Paul Eichinger
- Department of Neurology, and Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander M Herrmann
- Department of Neurology, and Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Bittner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Pawlowski
- Department of Neurology, and Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany; Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, and Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, West Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susann Pankratz
- Department of Neurology, and Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Herty
- RWTH Aachen University, Mathematics (Continuous optimization), Templergraben 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27a, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, and Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels: Potential Target for Cardiovascular Diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 104:233-261. [PMID: 27038376 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (KCa) are classified into three subtypes: big conductance (BKCa), intermediate conductance (IKCa), and small conductance (SKCa) KCa channels. The three types of KCa channels have distinct physiological or pathological functions in cardiovascular system. BKCa channels are mainly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and inner mitochondrial membrane of cardiomyocytes, activation of BKCa channels in these locations results in vasodilation and cardioprotection against cardiac ischemia. IKCa channels are expressed in VSMCs, endothelial cells, and cardiac fibroblasts and involved in vascular smooth muscle proliferation, migration, vessel dilation, and cardiac fibrosis. SKCa channels are widely expressed in nervous and cardiovascular system, and activation of SKCa channels mainly contributes membrane hyperpolarization. In this chapter, we summarize the physiological and pathological roles of the three types of KCa channels in cardiovascular system and put forward the possibility of KCa channels as potential target for cardiovascular diseases.
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Effects of BKCa and Kir2.1 Channels on Cell Cycling Progression and Migration in Human Cardiac c-kit+ Progenitor Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138581. [PMID: 26390131 PMCID: PMC4577111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that a large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ current (BKCa), a voltage-gated TTX-sensitive sodium current (INa.TTX), and an inward rectifier K+ current (IKir) were heterogeneously present in most of human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of these ion channels on cell cycling progression and migration of human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells with approaches of cell proliferation and mobility assays, siRNA, RT-PCR, Western blots, flow cytometry analysis, etc. It was found that inhibition of BKCa with paxilline, but not INa.TTX with tetrodotoxin, decreased both cell proliferation and migration. Inhibition of IKir with Ba2+ had no effect on cell proliferation, while enhanced cell mobility. Silencing KCa.1.1 reduced cell proliferation by accumulating the cells at G0/G1 phase and decreased cell mobility. Interestingly, silencing Kir2.1 increased the cell migration without affecting cell cycling progression. These results demonstrate the novel information that blockade or silence of BKCa channels, but not INa.TTX channels, decreases cell cycling progression and mobility, whereas inhibition of Kir2.1 channels increases cell mobility without affecting cell cycling progression in human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells.
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The role of KCa3.1 channels in cardiac fibrosis induced by pressure overload in rats. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:2275-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ma M, Guo X, Chang Y, Li C, Meng X, Li S, Du ZX, Wang HQ, Sun Y. Advanced glycation end products promote proliferation and suppress autophagy via reduction of Cathepsin D in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 403:73-83. [PMID: 25673507 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is closely involved in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function, but little is known about the association between advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and autophagy and its role in AGEs-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs. The current study investigated the effects of AGEs on the phenotypic modulation and autophagy of VSMCs, as well as the potential underlying mechanisms. Primary rat VSMCs were treated with bovine serum albumin or AGEs. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, real-time cell analyzer and EdU incorporation. Cell cycle was analyzed by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry. The migration of VSMCs was detected by wound-healing assay and transwell migration assay. LC3 transition and p62 accumulation were detected using Western blotting. Acidic vacuoles were measured using AO and MDC staining. Cathepsin D (CatD) was transduced to VSMCs via lentiviral vectors. AGEs enhanced proliferation and migration of primary rat VSMC in a time-dependent manner. AGEs significantly increased LC3-II transition and p62 expression, as well as accumulation of acidic vacuole, which was not further increased by bafilomycin A1. AGEs decreased CatD expression in a time-dependent pattern, and overexpression of CatD prohibited autophagy attenuation mediated by AGEs. CatD overexpression suppressed AGEs-induced proliferation of VSMCs. Nevertheless, CatD exhibited no effects on AGEs-induced migration of VSMCs. AGEs promote proliferation of VSMCs and suppress autophagy, at least in part via CatD reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Potassium channels are transmembrane proteins that selectively facilitate the flow of potassium ions down an electrochemical gradient. These molecules have been studied in great detail in the context of cell excitability, but their roles in less cell type-specific functions, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis or cell migration, have only recently been assessed. Moreover, the importance of these channels for tumour biology has become evident. This, coupled with the fact that they are accessible proteins and that their pharmacology is well characterized, has increased the interest in investigating potassium channels as therapeutic targets in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Pardo
- Oncophysiology Group, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Walter Stühmer
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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32
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Cellular signalling of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Cell Signal 2013; 25:2185-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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33
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Chung TW, Choi HJ, Kim CH, Jeong HS, Ha KT. Lipocalin-2 elicited by advanced glycation end-products promotes the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:3386-3395. [PMID: 24149112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) play key roles in the development of diabetic vascular complications by activating the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Here, we identified an increase of the migratory properties of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) through AGE-induced expression of lipocalin-2 (LCN2). Because the AGE-elicited expression of LCN2 was diminished by an antibody against the AGE receptor (RAGE), diphenylene iodonium (DPI), N-acetyl cysteine, LY294002, and SP600125, we suggest that AGEs enhance the expression of LCN2 via a RAGE-NADPH oxidase-reactive oxygen species pathway, leading to the phosphorylation of PI3K-Akt and JNK in HASMCs. In addition, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and promoter assay revealed that CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β is crucial for AGE-induced expression of LCN2. However, any other AGE-related signaling pathway, including ERK1/2, p38, NF-κB, and AP-1, did not affect the AGE- induced expression of LCN2. Knockdown of LCN2 expression by shRNA showed that AGE-elicited LCN2 expression enhanced the invasive and migratory properties of HASMCs, but showed no effect on cell proliferation. Considering the importance of HASMC migration in the development of atherosclerosis, our study provides a novel insight into diabetic vascular complications.
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MESH Headings
- Acute-Phase Proteins/genetics
- Acute-Phase Proteins/metabolism
- Base Sequence
- CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/metabolism
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/pharmacology
- Humans
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Lipocalin-2
- Lipocalins/genetics
- Lipocalins/metabolism
- Models, Biological
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Transcriptional Activation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Wook Chung
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyungki-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyungki-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sol Jeong
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea.
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Kikuchi K, Tancharoen S, Ito T, Morimoto-Yamashita Y, Miura N, Kawahara KI, Maruyama I, Murai Y, Tanaka E. Potential of the angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) telmisartan, irbesartan, and candesartan for inhibiting the HMGB1/RAGE axis in prevention and acute treatment of stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:18899-924. [PMID: 24065095 PMCID: PMC3794813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140918899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. The main cause of stroke is atherosclerosis, and the most common risk factor for atherosclerosis is hypertension. Therefore, antihypertensive treatments are recommended for the prevention of stroke. Three angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), telmisartan, irbesartan and candesartan, inhibit the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), which is one of the pleiotropic effects of these drugs. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is the ligand of RAGE, and has been recently identified as a lethal mediator of severe sepsis. HMGB1 is an intracellular protein, which acts as an inflammatory cytokine when released into the extracellular milieu. Extracellular HMGB1 causes multiple organ failure and contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and stroke. This is the first review of the literature evaluating the potential of three ARBs for the HMGB1-RAGE axis on stroke therapy, including prevention and acute treatment. This review covers clinical and experimental studies conducted between 1976 and 2013. We propose that ARBs, which inhibit the HMGB1/RAGE axis, may offer a novel option for prevention and acute treatment of stroke. However, additional clinical studies are necessary to verify the efficacy of ARBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Kikuchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothe Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; E-Mails: (K.K.); (S.T.)
- Division of Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; E-Mail:
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Salunya Tancharoen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothe Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; E-Mails: (K.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan; E-Mails: (T.I.); (I.M.)
| | - Yoko Morimoto-Yamashita
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; E-Mail:
| | - Naoki Miura
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; E-Mail:
| | - Ko-ichi Kawahara
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Biomedical Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi Ward, Osaka 535-8585, Japan; E-Mail:
| | - Ikuro Maruyama
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan; E-Mails: (T.I.); (I.M.)
| | - Yoshinaka Murai
- Division of Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; E-Mail:
| | - Eiichiro Tanaka
- Division of Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +81-942-31-7542; Fax: +81-942-31-7695
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Menè
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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36
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Wang LP, Wang Y, Zhao LM, Li GR, Deng XL. Angiotensin II upregulates K(Ca)3.1 channels and stimulates cell proliferation in rat cardiac fibroblasts. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1486-94. [PMID: 23500546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts is implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling and fibrosis. Intermediate-conductance calcium-activated K⁺ channels (K(Ca)3.1 channels) have important roles in cell proliferation. However, it is unknown whether angiotensin II (Ang II), a potent profibrotic molecule, would regulate K(Ca)3.1 channels in cardiac fibroblasts and participate in cell proliferation. In the present study, we investigated whether K(Ca)3.1 channels were regulated by Ang II, and how the channel activity mediated cell proliferation in cultured adult rat cardiac fibroblasts using electrophysiology and biochemical approaches. It was found that mRNA, protein, and current density of K(Ca)3.1 channels were greatly enhanced in cultured cardiac fibroblasts treated with 1 μM Ang II, and the effects were countered by the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT₁R) blocker losartan, the p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580, the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059, and the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. Ang II stimulated cell proliferation and the effect was antagonized by the K(Ca)3.1 blocker TRAM-34 and siRNA targeting K(Ca)3.1. In addition, Ang II-induced increase of K(Ca)3.1 expression was attenuated by transfection of activator protein-1 (AP-1) decoy oligodeoxynucleotides. These results demonstrate for the first time that Ang II stimulates cell proliferation mediated by upregulating K(Ca)3.1 channels via interacting with the AT₁R and activating AP-1 complex through ERK1/2, p38-MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in cultured adult rat cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061 Shaanxi, China
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