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Li X, Ding H, Feng G, Huang Y. Role of angiotensin converting enzyme in pathogenesis associated with immunity in cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2024; 352:122903. [PMID: 38986897 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is not only a critical component in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), but also suggested as an important mediator for immune response and activity, such as immune cell mobilization, metabolism, biogenesis of immunoregulatory molecules, etc. The chronic duration of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been increasingly considered to be triggered by uncontrolled pathologic immune reactions from myeloid cells and lymphocytes. Considering the potential anti-inflammatory effect of the traditional antihypertensive ACE inhibitor (ACEi), we attempt to elucidate whether ACE and its catalytically relevant substances as well as signaling pathways play a role in the immunity-related pathogenesis of common CVD, such as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and arrythmias. ACEi was also reported to benefit the prognoses of COVID-19-positive patients with CVD, and COVID-19 disease with preexisting CVD or subsequent cardiovascular damage is featured by a significant influx of immune cells and proinflammatory molecules, suggesting that ACE may also participate in COVID-19 induced cardiovascular injury, because COVID-19 disease basically triggers an overactive pathologic immune response. Hopefully, the ACE inhibition and manipulation of those associated bioactive signals could supplement the current medicinal management of various CVD and bring greater benefit to patients' cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huasheng Ding
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaoke Feng
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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2
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Bernstein KE, Cao D, Shibata T, Saito S, Bernstein EA, Nishi E, Yamashita M, Tourtellotte WG, Zhao TV, Khan Z. Classical and nonclassical effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme: How increased ACE enhances myeloid immune function. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107388. [PMID: 38763333 PMCID: PMC11208953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As part of the classical renin-angiotensin system, the peptidase angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) makes angiotensin II which has myriad effects on systemic cardiovascular function, inflammation, and cellular proliferation. Less well known is that macrophages and neutrophils make ACE in response to immune activation which has marked effects on myeloid cell function independent of angiotensin II. Here, we discuss both classical (angiotensin) and nonclassical functions of ACE and highlight mice called ACE 10/10 in which genetic manipulation increases ACE expression by macrophages and makes these mice much more resistant to models of tumors, infection, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. In another model called NeuACE mice, neutrophils make increased ACE and these mice are much more resistant to infection. In contrast, ACE inhibitors reduce neutrophil killing of bacteria in mice and humans. Increased expression of ACE induces a marked increase in macrophage oxidative metabolism, particularly mitochondrial oxidation of lipids, secondary to increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α expression, and results in increased myeloid cell ATP. ACE present in sperm has a similar metabolic effect, and the lack of ACE activity in these cells reduces both sperm motility and fertilization capacity. These nonclassical effects of ACE are not due to the actions of angiotensin II but to an unknown molecule, probably a peptide, that triggers a profound change in myeloid cell metabolism and function. Purifying and characterizing this peptide could offer a new treatment for several diseases and prove potentially lucrative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - DuoYao Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tomohiro Shibata
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Suguru Saito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ellen A Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erika Nishi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Physiology, São Paulo School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michifumi Yamashita
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Warren G Tourtellotte
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tuantuan V Zhao
- Research Oncology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California, USA
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Institute for Myeloma & Bone Cancer Research, West Hollywood, California, USA
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3
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Curran CS, Cui X, Li Y, Jeakle M, Sun J, Demirkale CY, Minkove S, Hoffmann V, Dhamapurkar R, Chumbris S, Bolyard C, Iheanacho A, Eichacker PQ, Torabi-Parizi P. Anti-PD-L1 therapy altered inflammation but not survival in a lethal murine hepatitis virus-1 pneumonia model. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1308358. [PMID: 38259435 PMCID: PMC10801642 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Because prior immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in cancer patients presenting with COVID-19 may affect outcomes, we investigated the beta-coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus (MHV)-1, in a lethal pneumonia model in the absence (Study 1) or presence of prior programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody (PD-L1mAb) treatment (Study 2). Methods In Study 1, animals were inoculated intratracheally with MHV-1 or vehicle and evaluated at day 2, 5, and 10 after infection. In Study 2, uninfected or MHV-1-infected animals were pretreated intraperitoneally with control or PD-L1-blocking antibodies (PD-L1mAb) and evaluated at day 2 and 5 after infection. Each study examined survival, physiologic and histologic parameters, viral titers, lung immunophenotypes, and mediator production. Results Study 1 results recapitulated the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and revealed increased cell surface expression of checkpoint molecules (PD-L1, PD-1), higher expression of the immune activation marker angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), but reduced detection of the MHV-1 receptor CD66a on immune cells in the lung, liver, and spleen. In addition to reduced detection of PD-L1 on all immune cells assayed, PD-L1 blockade was associated with increased cell surface expression of PD-1 and ACE, decreased cell surface detection of CD66a, and improved oxygen saturation despite reduced blood glucose levels and increased signs of tissue hypoxia. In the lung, PD-L1mAb promoted S100A9 but inhibited ACE2 production concomitantly with pAKT activation and reduced FOXO1 levels. PD-L1mAb promoted interferon-γ but inhibited IL-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production, contributing to reduced bronchoalveolar lavage levels of eosinophils and neutrophils. In the liver, PD-L1mAb increased viral clearance in association with increased macrophage and lymphocyte recruitment and liver injury. PD-L1mAb increased the production of virally induced mediators of injury, angiogenesis, and neuronal activity that may play role in COVID-19 and ICI-related neurotoxicity. PD-L1mAb did not affect survival in this murine model. Discussion In Study 1 and Study 2, ACE was upregulated and CD66a and ACE2 were downregulated by either MHV-1 or PD-L1mAb. CD66a is not only the MHV-1 receptor but also an identified immune checkpoint and a negative regulator of ACE. Crosstalk between CD66a and PD-L1 or ACE/ACE2 may provide insight into ICI therapies. These networks may also play role in the increased production of S100A9 and neurological mediators in response to MHV-1 and/or PD-L1mAb, which warrant further study. Overall, these findings support observational data suggesting that prior ICI treatment does not alter survival in patients presenting with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen S. Curran
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xizhong Cui
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yan Li
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mark Jeakle
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cumhur Y. Demirkale
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Samuel Minkove
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Division of Veterinary Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rhea Dhamapurkar
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Symya Chumbris
- Texcell North-America, Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Peter Q. Eichacker
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Parizad Torabi-Parizi
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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4
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Hussein HAM, Thabet AAA, Mohamed TIA, Elnosary ME, Sobhy A, El-Adly AM, Wardany AA, Bakhiet EK, Afifi MM, Abdulraouf UM, Fathy S.M, Sayed NG, Zahran AM. Phenotypical changes of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in COVID-19 patients: Correlation with disease status. Cent Eur J Immunol 2023; 48:97-110. [PMID: 37692025 PMCID: PMC10485691 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2023.129981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) play a crucial role in the context of viral infections and their associated diseases. The link between HSCs and HPCs and disease status in COVID-19 patients is largely unknown. This study aimed to monitor the kinetics and contributions of HSCs and HPCs in severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients and to evaluate their diagnostic performance in differentiating between healthy and COVID-19 patients as well as severe and non-severe cases. Peripheral blood (PB) samples were collected from 48 COVID-19 patients, 16 recovered, and 27 healthy controls and subjected to deep flow cytometric analysis to determine HSCs and progenitor cells. Their diagnostic value and correlation with C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, and ferritin levels were determined. The percentages of HSCs and common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) declined significantly, while the percentage of multipotent progenitors (MPPs) increased significantly in COVID-19 patients. There were no significant differences in the percentages of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEPs) and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs) between all groups. Severe COVID-19 patients had a significantly low percentage of HSCs, CMPs, and GMPs compared to non-severe cases. Contrarily, the levels of CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin increased significantly in severe COVID-19 patients. MPPs and CMPs showed excellent diagnostic performance in distinguishing COVID-19 patients from healthy controls and severe from non-severe COVID-19 patients, respectively. Collectively, our study indicated that hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are significantly altered by COVID-19 and could be used as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers for severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosni A. M. Hussein
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ali A. A. Thabet
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Taha I. A. Mohamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Elnosary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Sobhy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El-Adly
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Wardany
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Elsayed K. Bakhiet
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Magdy M. Afifi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Usama M. Abdulraouf
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Samah . M. Fathy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Noha G. Sayed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M. Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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5
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van Geffen C, Heiss C, Deißler A, Kolahian S. Pharmacological modulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells to dampen inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:933847. [PMID: 36110844 PMCID: PMC9468781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.933847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous cell population with potent suppressive and regulative properties. MDSCs’ strong immunosuppressive potential creates new possibilities to treat chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases or induce tolerance towards transplantation. Here, we summarize and critically discuss different pharmacological approaches which modulate the generation, activation, and recruitment of MDSCs in vitro and in vivo, and their potential role in future immunosuppressive therapy.
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6
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Exploring the Impact of ACE Inhibition in Immunity and Disease. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2022; 2022:9028969. [PMID: 36016727 PMCID: PMC9371878 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9028969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a zinc-dependent dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase and is crucial in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) but also implicated in immune regulation. Intrinsic ACE has been detected in several immune cell populations, including macrophages and neutrophils, where its overexpression results in enhanced bactericidal and antitumour responses, independent of angiotensin II. With roles in antigen presentation and inflammation, the impact of ACE inhibitors must be explored to understand how ACE inhibition may impact our ability to clear infections or malignancy, particularly in the wake of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) pandemic and as antibiotic resistance grows. Patients using ACE inhibitors may be more at risk of postsurgical complications as ACE inhibition in human neutrophils results in decreased ROS and phagocytosis whilst angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have no effect. In contrast, ACE is also elevated in certain autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, and its inhibition benefits patient outcome where inflammatory immune cells are overactive. Although the ACE autoimmune landscape is changing, some studies have conflicting results and require further input. This review seeks to highlight the need for further research covering ACE inhibitor therapeutics and their potential role in improving autoimmune conditions, cancer, or how they may contribute to immunocompromise during infection and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding ACE inhibition in immune cells is a developing field that will alter how ACE inhibitors are designed in future and aid in developing therapeutic interventions.
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7
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Siemińska I, Baran J. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells as Key Players and Promising Therapy Targets in Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:862416. [PMID: 35860573 PMCID: PMC9289201 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.862416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most often diagnosed malignancy in men and one of the major causes of cancer death worldwide. Despite genetic predispositions, environmental factors, including a high-fat diet, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, infections of the prostate, and exposure to chemicals or ionizing radiation, play a crucial role in PC development. Moreover, due to a lack of, or insufficient T-cell infiltration and its immunosuppressive microenvironment, PC is frequently classified as a “cold” tumor. This is related to the absence of tumor-associated antigens, the lack of T-cell activation and their homing into the tumor bed, and the presence of immunological cells with regulatory functions, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Treg), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). All of them, by a variety of means, hamper anti-tumor immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME), stimulating tumor growth and the formation of metastases. Therefore, they emerge as potential anti-cancer therapy targets. This article is focused on the function and role of MDSCs in the initiation and progression of PC. Clinical trials directly targeting this cell population or affecting its biological functions, thus limiting its pro-tumorigenic activity, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Siemińska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, Jagiellonian University - University of Agriculture, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jarek Baran
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Jarek Baran,
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Which ones, when and why should renin-angiotensin system inhibitors work against COVID-19? Adv Biol Regul 2021; 81:100820. [PMID: 34419773 PMCID: PMC8359569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2021.100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The article describes the possible pathophysiological origin of COVID-19 and the crucial role of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), providing several “converging” evidence in support of this hypothesis. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to initially upregulate ACE2 systemic activity (early phase), which can subsequently induce compensatory responses leading to upregulation of both arms of the RAS (late phase) and consequently to critical, advanced and untreatable stages of COVID-19 disease. The main and initial actors of the process are ACE2 and ADAM17 zinc-metalloproteases, which, initially triggered by SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, work together in increasing circulating Ang 1–7 and Ang 1–9 peptides and downstream (Mas and Angiotensin type 2 receptors) pathways with anti-inflammatory, hypotensive and antithrombotic activities. During the late phase of severe COVID-19, compensatory secretion of renin and ACE enzymes are subsequently upregulated, leading to inflammation, hypertension and thrombosis, which further sustain ACE2 and ADAM17 upregulation. Based on this hypothesis, COVID-19-phase-specific inhibition of different RAS enzymes is proposed as a pharmacological strategy against COVID-19 and vaccine-induced adverse effects. The aim is to prevent the establishment of positive feedback-loops, which can sustain hyperactivity of both arms of the RAS independently of viral trigger and, in some cases, may lead to Long-COVID syndrome.
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9
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Yang J, Yang X, Gao L, Zhang J, Yi C, Huang Y. The role of the renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in malignancy: a review. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:884-897. [PMID: 33791161 PMCID: PMC7994166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most prevalent diseases in cardiology. The angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)/angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are widely used drugs to stabilize the blood pressure via inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Studies have found that the exposure to RAS inhibitors (RASi) can suppress the development of cancers via multimodal mechanisms and has attracted increased attentions in the recent past. Owing the potential of RASi to inhibit tumor growth, proliferation and metastasis, they are considered as the potential and exciting candidates to enhance the effect of chemo-radiotherapy and targeted therapy efficacy. However, there are conflicting reports as to the use of ARB/ACEI in all facets of tumor growth. In this study, we comprehensively summarize and review the potential mechanisms of RASi in cancer treatment, like inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, reduction of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and extracellular matrix (ECM), regulation of immune cells and improvement of hypoxia. Additionally, based on the basic and clinical experiments, we analyze the views and results regarding the role of RASi plays in tumor from genesis to recurrence, and certainly cancer treatment (chemo-radiotherapy and targeted therapy). In the last, not only do we discuss the prospects of using RASi to enhance cancer treatment efficacy but also point out the conflicting situation with the intention to give some directions and inspiration on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yang
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu 610041, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
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10
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Multi-modal Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Brain Immune Landscape Plasticity during Aging and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108438. [PMID: 33264626 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic and functional plasticity of brain immune cells contribute to brain tissue homeostasis and disease. Immune cell plasticity is profoundly influenced by tissue microenvironment cues and systemic factors. Aging and gut microbiota dysbiosis that reshape brain immune cell plasticity and homeostasis has not been fully delineated. Using Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq), we analyze compositional and transcriptional changes of the brain immune landscape in response to aging and gut dysbiosis. Discordance between canonical surface-marker-defined immune cell types and their transcriptomes suggest transcriptional plasticity among immune cells. Ly6C+ monocytes predominate a pro-inflammatory signature in the aged brain, while innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) shift toward an ILC2-like profile. Aging increases ILC-like cells expressing a T memory stemness (Tscm) signature, which is reduced through antibiotics-induced gut dysbiosis. Systemic changes due to aging and gut dysbiosis increase propensity for neuroinflammation, providing insights into gut dysbiosis in age-related neurological diseases.
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11
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Bautista-Vargas M, Bonilla-Abadía F, Cañas CA. Potential role for tissue factor in the pathogenesis of hypercoagulability associated with in COVID-19. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 50:479-483. [PMID: 32519164 PMCID: PMC7282470 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In December 2019, a new and highly contagious infectious disease emerged in Wuhan, China. The etiologic agent was identified as a novel coronavirus, now known as Severe Acute Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent research has revealed that virus entry takes place upon the union of the virus S surface protein with the type I transmembrane metallo-carboxypeptidase, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) identified on epithelial cells of the host respiratory tract. Virus triggers the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α and also promotes downregulation of ACE-2, which promotes a concomitant increase in levels of angiotensin II (AT-II). Both TNF-α and AT-II have been implicated in promoting overexpression of tissue factor (TF) in platelets and macrophages. Additionally, the generation of antiphospholipid antibodies associated with COVID-19 may also promote an increase in TF. TF may be a critical mediator associated with the development of thrombotic phenomena in COVID-19, and should be a target for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bautista-Vargas
- Unit of Rheumatology, Fundación Valle del Lili, Universidad Icesi, Avenida Simón Bolívar Cra.98 No.18-49, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fabio Bonilla-Abadía
- Unit of Rheumatology, Fundación Valle del Lili, Universidad Icesi, Avenida Simón Bolívar Cra.98 No.18-49, Cali, Colombia
| | - Carlos A Cañas
- Unit of Rheumatology, Fundación Valle del Lili, Universidad Icesi, Avenida Simón Bolívar Cra.98 No.18-49, Cali, Colombia.
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12
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Liu X, Zhang R, He G. Hematological findings in coronavirus disease 2019: indications of progression of disease. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:1421-1428. [PMID: 32495027 PMCID: PMC7266734 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new human infectious disease. The etiology for this outbreak is a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Thus far, related research on COVID-19 is still in preliminary stage. This paper summarized the latest outcomes of corresponding study from Chinese centers and clarified the hematopoietic abnormality caused by SARS-CoV-2 and potential mechanism. Lymphopenia was common in the early stage after the onset of COVID-19. A significant decrease was observed in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. As the illness progressed, neutrophilia emerged in several cases, and patients with severe critical pulmonary conditions showed higher neutrophils than common type. Thrombocytopenia was resulting from the consumption and/or the reduced production of platelets in damaged lungs. Anemia was not observed notably, but the decrease in hemoglobin was frequent. The activation of monocyte-macrophage system aggravates the immune damage of lung and other tissues, which leads to the increase of D-dimer, prothrombin time, and platelet consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangsheng He
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Renin-Angiotensin System in Lung Tumor and Microenvironment Interactions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061457. [PMID: 32503281 PMCID: PMC7352181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic involvement of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) reaches beyond cardiovascular physiopathology. Recent knowledge pinpoints a pleiotropic role for this system, particularly in the lung, and mainly through locally regulated alternative molecules and secondary pathways. Angiotensin peptides play a role in cell proliferation, immunoinflammatory response, hypoxia and angiogenesis, which are critical biological processes in lung cancer. This manuscript reviews the literature supporting a role for the renin-angiotensin system in the lung tumor microenvironment and discusses whether blockade of this pathway in clinical settings may serve as an adjuvant therapy in lung cancer.
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14
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Evaluating the benefits of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors as cancer treatments. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 211:107527. [PMID: 32173557 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most diverse group of cellular membrane receptors identified and characterized. It is estimated that 30 to 50% of marketed drugs target these receptors. The angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) is a GPCR which signals in response to systemic alterations of the peptide hormone angiotensin II (AngII) in circulation. The enzyme responsible for converting AngI to AngII is the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Specific inhibitors for the AT1R (more commonly known as AT1R blockers or antagonists) and ACE are well characterized for their effects on the cardiovascular system. Combined with the extensive clinical data available on patient tolerance of AT1R blockers (ARBs) and ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), as well as their non-classical roles in cancer, the notion of repurposing this class of medications as cancer treatment(s) is explored in the current review. Given that AngII-dependent AT1R activity directly regulates angiogenesis, remodeling of vasculature, pro-inflammatory responses, stem cell programming and hematopoiesis, and electrolyte balance; the modulation of these processes with pharmacologically well characterized medications could present a valuable complementary treatment option for cancer patients.
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15
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Okwan-Duodu D, Weiss D, Peng Z, Veiras LC, Cao DY, Saito S, Khan Z, Bernstein EA, Giani JF, Taylor WR, Bernstein KE. Overexpression of myeloid angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) reduces atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:573-579. [PMID: 31615657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are ubiquitous in all stages of atherosclerosis, exerting tremendous impact on lesion progression and plaque stability. Because macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques express angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), current dogma posits that local myeloid-mediated effects worsen the disease. In contrast, we previously reported that myeloid ACE overexpression augments macrophage resistance to various immune challenges, including tumors, bacterial infection and Alzheimer's plaque deposition. Here, we sought to assess the impact of myeloid ACE on atherosclerosis. METHODS A mouse model in which ACE is overexpressed in myelomonocytic lineage cells, called ACE10, was generated and sequentially crossed with ApoE-deficient mice to create ACE10/10ApoE-/- (ACE10/ApoE). Control mice were ACEWT/WTApoE-/- (WT/ApoE). Atherosclerosis was induced using an atherogenic diet alone, or in combination with unilateral nephrectomy plus deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt for eight weeks. RESULTS With an atherogenic diet alone or in combination with DOCA, the ACE10/ApoE mice showed significantly less atherosclerotic plaques compared to their WT/ApoE counterparts (p < 0.01). When recipient ApoE-/- mice were reconstituted with ACE10/10 bone marrow, these mice showed significantly reduced lesion areas compared to recipients reconstituted with wild type bone marrow. Furthermore, transfer of ACE-deficient bone marrow had no impact on lesion area. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that while myeloid ACE may not be required for atherosclerosis, enhanced ACE expression paradoxically reduced disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derick Okwan-Duodu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daiana Weiss
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhenzi Peng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Luciana C Veiras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Duo-Yao Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suguru Saito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ellen A Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jorge F Giani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W Robert Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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16
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Khan Z, Cao DY, Giani JF, Bernstein EA, Veiras LC, Fuchs S, Wang Y, Peng Z, Kalkum M, Liu GY, Bernstein KE. Overexpression of the C-domain of angiotensin-converting enzyme reduces melanoma growth by stimulating M1 macrophage polarization. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4368-4380. [PMID: 30670595 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) can hydrolyze many peptides and plays a central role in controlling blood pressure. Moreover, ACE overexpression in monocytes and macrophages increases resistance of mice to tumor growth. ACE is composed of two independent catalytic domains. Here, to investigate the specific role of each domain in tumor resistance, we overexpressed either WT ACE (Tg-ACE mice) or ACE lacking N- or C-domain catalytic activity (Tg-NKO and Tg-CKO mice) in the myeloid cells of mice. Tg-ACE and Tg-NKO mice exhibited strongly suppressed growth of B16-F10 melanoma because of increased ACE expression in macrophages, whereas Tg-CKO mice resisted melanoma no better than WT animals. The effect of ACE overexpression reverted to that of the WT enzyme with an ACE inhibitor but not with an angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist. ACE C-domain overexpression in macrophages drove them toward a pronounced M1 phenotype upon tumor stimulation, with increased activation of NF-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and decreased STAT3 and STAT6 activation. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is important for M1 activation, and TNFα blockade reverted Tg-NKO macrophages to a WT phenotype. Increased ACE C-domain expression increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and of the transcription factor C/EBPβ in macrophages, important stimuli for TNFα expression, and decreased expression of several M2 markers, including interleukin-4Rα. Natural ACE C-domain-specific substrates are not well-described, and we propose that the peptide(s) responsible for the striking ACE-mediated enhancement of myeloid function are substrates/products of the ACE C-domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Khan
- From the Departments of Biomedical Sciences and.,Pathology
| | - Duo-Yao Cao
- From the Departments of Biomedical Sciences and
| | | | | | | | - Sebastien Fuchs
- the Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, and
| | - Yizhou Wang
- From the Departments of Biomedical Sciences and.,the Genomic Core, and
| | - Zhenzi Peng
- From the Departments of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Markus Kalkum
- the Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - George Y Liu
- From the Departments of Biomedical Sciences and.,the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Research Division of Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
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17
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Pinter M, Jain RK. Targeting the renin-angiotensin system to improve cancer treatment: Implications for immunotherapy. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/410/eaan5616. [PMID: 28978752 PMCID: PMC5928511 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors (RASi)-widely prescribed for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases-have considerable potential in oncology. The RAS plays a crucial role in cancer biology and affects tumor growth and dissemination directly and indirectly by remodeling the tumor microenvironment. We review clinical data on the benefit of RASi in primary and metastatic tumors and propose that, by activating immunostimulatory pathways, these inhibitors can enhance immunotherapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Pinter
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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18
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Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) - a zinc-dependent dicarboxypeptidase with two catalytic domains - plays a major part in blood pressure regulation by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. However, ACE cleaves many peptides besides angiotensin I and thereby affects diverse physiological functions, including renal development and male reproduction. In addition, ACE has a role in both innate and adaptive responses by modulating macrophage and neutrophil function - effects that are magnified when these cells overexpress ACE. Macrophages that overexpress ACE are more effective against tumours and infections. Neutrophils that overexpress ACE have an increased production of superoxide, which increases their ability to kill bacteria. These effects are due to increased ACE activity but are independent of angiotensin II. ACE also affects the display of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II peptides, potentially by enzymatically trimming these peptides. Understanding how ACE expression and activity affect myeloid cells may hold great promise for therapeutic manipulation, including the treatment of both infection and malignancy.
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19
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Bernstein KE, Khan Z, Giani JF, Cao DY, Bernstein EA, Shen XZ. Angiotensin-converting enzyme in innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Nephrol 2018; 14:325-336. [PMID: 29578208 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2018.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) - a zinc-dependent dicarboxypeptidase with two catalytic domains - plays a major part in blood pressure regulation by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. However, ACE cleaves many peptides besides angiotensin I and thereby affects diverse physiological functions, including renal development and male reproduction. In addition, ACE has a role in both innate and adaptive responses by modulating macrophage and neutrophil function - effects that are magnified when these cells overexpress ACE. Macrophages that overexpress ACE are more effective against tumours and infections. Neutrophils that overexpress ACE have an increased production of superoxide, which increases their ability to kill bacteria. These effects are due to increased ACE activity but are independent of angiotensin II. ACE also affects the display of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II peptides, potentially by enzymatically trimming these peptides. Understanding how ACE expression and activity affect myeloid cells may hold great promise for therapeutic manipulation, including the treatment of both infection and malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
| | - Jorge F Giani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Duo-Yao Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
| | | | - Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Nakamura K, Yaguchi T, Ohmura G, Kobayashi A, Kawamura N, Iwata T, Kiniwa Y, Okuyama R, Kawakami Y. Involvement of local renin-angiotensin system in immunosuppression of tumor microenvironment. Cancer Sci 2017; 109:54-64. [PMID: 29034589 PMCID: PMC5765296 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve current cancer immunotherapies, strategies to modulate various immunosuppressive cells including myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) which were shown to be negative factors in immune‐checkpoint blockade therapy, need to be developed. In the present study, we evaluated the role of the local renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) in the tumor immune‐microenvironment using murine models bearing tumor cell lines in which RAS was not involved in their proliferation and angiogenetic ability. Giving angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) to C57BL/6 mice bearing murine colon cancer cell line MC38 resulted in significant enhancement of tumor antigen gp70 specific T cells. ARB administration did not change the numbers of CD11b+ myeloid cells in tumors, but significantly reduced their T‐cell inhibitory ability along with decreased production of various immunosuppressive factors including interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and arginase by CD11b+ cells in tumors. ARB also decreased expression of immunosuppressive factors such as chemokine ligand 12 and nitric oxide synthase 2 in cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF). Last, combination of ARB and anti‐programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) antibodies resulted in significant augmentation of anti‐tumor effects in a CD8+ T cell‐dependent way. These results showed that RAS is involved in the generation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment caused by myeloid cells and fibroblasts, other than the previously shown proliferative and angiogenetic properties of cancer cells and macrophages, and that ARB can transform the immunosuppressive properties of MDSC and CAF and could be used in combination with PD‐1/PD‐L1 immune‐checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Nakamura
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yaguchi
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gaku Ohmura
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Kobayashi
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kawamura
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kiniwa
- Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Okuyama
- Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawakami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Pyfferoen L, Brabants E, Everaert C, De Cabooter N, Heyns K, Deswarte K, Vanheerswynghels M, De Prijck S, Waegemans G, Dullaers M, Hammad H, De Wever O, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Lambrecht BN, Vermaelen KY. The transcriptome of lung tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells reveals a tumor-supporting phenotype and a microRNA signature with negative impact on clinical outcome. Oncoimmunology 2016; 6:e1253655. [PMID: 28197369 PMCID: PMC5283643 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1253655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting immunomodulatory pathways has ushered a new era in lung cancer therapy. Further progress requires deeper insights into the biology of immune cells in the lung cancer micro-environment. Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous and highly plastic immune cell system with a central role in controlling immune responses. The intratumoral infiltration and activation status of DCs are emerging as clinically relevant parameters in lung cancer. In this study, we used an orthotopic preclinical model of lung cancer to dissect how the lung tumor micro-environment affects tissue-resident DCs and extract novel biologically and clinically relevant information. Lung tumor-infiltrating leukocytes expressing generic DC markers were found to predominantly consist of CD11b+ cells that, compare with peritumoral lung DC counterparts, strongly overexpress the T-cell inhibitory molecule PD-L1 and acquire classical surface markers of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Transcriptome analysis of these CD11b+ tumor-infiltrating DCs (TIDCs) indicates impaired antitumoral immunogenicity, confirms the skewing toward TAM-related features, and indicates exposure to a hypoxic environment. In parallel, TIDCs display a specific microRNA (miRNA) signature dominated by the prototypical lung cancer oncomir miR-31. In vitro, hypoxia drives intrinsic miR-31 expression in CD11b+ DCs. Conditioned medium of miR-31 overexpressing CD11b+ DCs induces pro-invasive lung cancer cell shape changes and is enriched with pro-metastatic soluble factors. Finally, analysis of TCGA datasets reveals that the TIDC-associated miRNA signature has a negative prognostic impact in non-small cell lung cancer. Together, these data suggest a novel mechanism through which the lung cancer micro-environment exploits the plasticity of the DC system to support tumoral progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Pyfferoen
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Brabants
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Celine Everaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nancy De Cabooter
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Heyns
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim Deswarte
- VIB Inflammation Research Center , Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Glenn Waegemans
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melissa Dullaers
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Mestdagh
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karim Y Vermaelen
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital , Ghent, Belgium
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22
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Temporal profile of magnetic resonance angiography and decreased ratio of regulatory T cells after immunological adjuvant administration to mice lacking RNF213, a susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease. Brain Res 2016; 1642:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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23
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Bernstein KE, Khan Z, Giani JF, Zhao T, Eriguchi M, Bernstein EA, Gonzalez-Villalobos RA, Shen XZ. Overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme in myelomonocytic cells enhances the immune response. F1000Res 2016; 5. [PMID: 27018193 PMCID: PMC4806706 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7508.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) converts angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and thereby plays an important role in blood pressure control. However, ACE is relatively non-specific in its substrate specificity and cleaves many other peptides. Recent analysis of mice overexpressing ACE in monocytes, macrophages, and other myelomonocytic cells shows that these animals have a marked increase in resistance to experimental melanoma and to infection by Listeria monocytogenes or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Several other measures of immune responsiveness, including antibody production, are enhanced in these animals. These studies complement a variety of studies indicating an important role of ACE in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jorge F Giani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tuantuan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Masahiro Eriguchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ellen A Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Romer A Gonzalez-Villalobos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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24
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The immunobiology of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1387-406. [PMID: 26611648 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a complex and heterogeneous milieu in which multiple interactions occur between tumor and host cells. Immunosuppressive cells which are present in this microenvironment, such as regulatory T (Treg) cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), play an important role in tumor progression, via down-regulation of antitumor responses. MDSCs represent a heterogeneous group of cells originated from the myeloid lineage that are in the immature state. These cells markedly accumulate under pathologic conditions, such as cancer, infection, and inflammation, and use various mechanisms to inhibit both adaptive and innate immune responses. These immunosuppressive mechanisms include deprivation of T cells from essential amino acids, induction of oxidative stress, interference with viability and trafficking of T cells, induction of immunosuppressive cells, and finally polarizing immunity toward a tumor-promoting type 2 phenotype. In addition to suppression of antitumor immune responses, MDSCs can also enhance the tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. Previous studies have shown that increased frequency of MDSCs is related to the tumor progression. Moreover, various drugs that directly target these cells or reverse their suppressive activity can improve antitumor immune responses as well as increase the efficacy of immunotherapeutic intervention. In this review, we will first discuss on the immunobiology of MDSCs in an attempt to find the role of these cells in tumor progression and then discuss about therapeutic approaches to target these cells.
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