1
|
Dong X, Wang R, Ying X, Xu J, Yan J, Xu P, Peng Y, Chen B. Construction and validation of an 18F-FDG-PET/CT-based prognostic model to predict progression-free survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Hematology 2024; 29:2329029. [PMID: 38488443 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2329029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) related parameters and the prognosis of multiple myeloma and to establish and validate a prediction model regarding the progression-free survival (PFS) of multiple myeloma. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 126 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients who attended Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2014-2021. All patients underwent PET/CT before treatment and were divided into a training cohort (n = 75) and a validation cohort (n = 51). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis incorporated PET/CT-related parameters and clinical indicators. A nomogram was established to individually predict PFS in MM patients. The model was evaluated by calculating the C-index and calibration curve. RESULTS Here, 4.2 was used as the cut-off value of SUVmax to divide patients into high and low groups. PFS significantly differed between patients in the high-SUVmax group and low-SUVmax group, and SUVmax was an independent predictor of PFS in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis suggested that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bone marrow plasma cell (BMPC), and SUVmax affected PFS. These factors were incorporated to construct a nomogram model for predicting PFS at 1 and 2 years in NDMM patients. The C-index and calibration curves of the nomogram exhibited good accuracy and consistency, and the DCA curves suggested that the model had good clinical utility. CONCLUSION The PET/CT parameter SUVmax is closely related to the prognosis of myeloma patients. The nomogram constructed in this study based on PET/CT-related parameters and clinical indicators individually predicts the PFS rate of NDMM patients and enables further risk stratification of NDMM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Dong
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhua Ying
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Venner CP, Duggan P, Song K, Reece D, Sharma S, Su J, Jimenez-Zepeda VH, McCurdy A, Louzada M, Mian H, Sebag M, White D, Stakiw J, Kotb R, Aslam M, Reiman A, Gul E, Chu MP, Bergstrom D, LeBlanc R. Tandem Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Does Not Benefit High-Risk Myeloma Patients in the Maintenance Era: Real-World Results from The Canadian Myeloma Research Group Database. Transplant Cell Ther 2024:S2666-6367(24)00490-1. [PMID: 38971462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
In patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the presence of high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities is associated with worse disease control and survival. Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) does benefit these patients. Tandem transplantation has been explored as a means to deepen responses and further improve survival however, its role remains controversial. This is particularly true in the era of novel agent induction and post-transplant maintenance therapy. The aim of this study was to use the Canadian Myeloma Research Group database and examine a large cohort of real-world patients comparing the outcomes of tandem versus single ASCT specifically in high-risk patients receiving novel agent-based induction and post-transplant maintenance. The data for this study was derived retrospectively from a comprehensive national-level database of Canadian patients with MM. High-risk cytogenetics was defined as presence of del17p, t(4;14), or t(14;16). Those receiving allogeneic transplant were excluded. Tandem transplantation was defined as a second ASCT performed consecutively without interim relapse or progression after first ASCT. Those with relapse or progressive disease within 3 months of completing a first transplant were excluded. We compared response depth, progression-free, and overall survival (OS) based on single or tandem transplantation procedures. The impact of covariates of interest was also assessed. A total of 381 patients with high-risk cytogenetics were identified. A total of 242 received single and 139 patients received tandem transplants. All received post-transplant maintenance. The most common induction regimen for these patients was cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and steroids (CyBorD, 87%). Forty-one patients (10.8%) required reinduction prior to first ASCT. The best overall responses at any time were 98.3% (90.5% ≥ very good partial response [VGPR]) and 98.6% (89.9% ≥ VGPR) in the single and tandem ASCT groups, respectively. Survival outcomes were similar with the median progression-free survival for single or tandem ASCT of 35.2 and 35.3 months (P = .88) and the median OS were 92.6 and 88.9 months, respectively (P = .72). No statistically significant differences were seen based on type of cytogenetic abnormality or type of maintenance. This was confirmed on multivariate analysis. In the real-world setting, tandem ASCT does not improve outcomes for MM patients with high-risk cytogenetics. This may be driven by the use of effective pre- and post-ASCT therapies. The development of more potent induction and consolidation along with current nearly ubiquitous continuous maintenance therapies until disease progression does not support the use of a second high-dose procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Duggan
- Department of Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kevin Song
- BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Donna Reece
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Myeloma Research Group, Vaughan, Ontario, Canada
| | - Smriti Sharma
- Canadian Myeloma Research Group, Vaughan, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jiandong Su
- Canadian Myeloma Research Group, Vaughan, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Hira Mian
- Juravinski Cancer Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Darrell White
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre. Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Julie Stakiw
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Rami Kotb
- Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Anthony Reiman
- Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Engin Gul
- Canadian Myeloma Research Group, Vaughan, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael P Chu
- Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Debra Bergstrom
- Division of Hematology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Richard LeBlanc
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hummel M, Hielscher T, Emde-Rajaratnam M, Salwender H, Beck S, Scheid C, Bertsch U, Goldschmidt H, Jauch A, Moreaux J, Seckinger A, Hose D. Quantitative Integrative Survival Prediction in Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated With Bortezomib-Based Induction, High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation. JCO Precis Oncol 2024; 8:e2300613. [PMID: 38986047 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Given the high heterogeneity in survival for patients with multiple myeloma, it would be clinically useful to quantitatively predict the individual survival instead of attributing patients to two to four risk groups as in current models, for example, revised International Staging System (R-ISS), R2-ISS, or Mayo-2022-score. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our aim was to develop a quantitative prediction tool for individual patient's 3-/5-year overall survival (OS) probability. We integrated established clinical and molecular risk factors into a comprehensive prognostic model and evaluated and validated its risk discrimination capabilities versus R-ISS, R2-ISS, and Mayo-2022-score. RESULTS A nomogram for estimating OS probabilities was built on the basis of a Cox regression model. It allows one to translate the individual risk profile of a patient into 3-/5-year OS probabilities by attributing points to each prognostic factor and summing up all points. The nomogram was externally validated regarding discrimination and calibration. There was no obvious bias or overfitting of the prognostic index on the validation cohort. Resampling-based and external evaluation showed good calibration. The c-index of the model was similar on the training (0.76) and validation cohort (0.75) and significantly higher than for the R-ISS (P < .001) or R2-ISS (P < .01). CONCLUSION In summary, we developed and validated individual quantitative nomogram-based OS prediction. Continuous risk assessment integrating molecular prognostic factors is superior to R-ISS, R2-ISS, or Mayo-2022-score alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Hummel
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Abteilung für Biostatistik, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Abteilung für Biostatistik, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Emde-Rajaratnam
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels & Labor für Myelomforschung, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Jette, Belgium
| | - Hans Salwender
- Asklepios Tumorzentrum Hamburg, AK Altona and St Georg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Beck
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels & Labor für Myelomforschung, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Jette, Belgium
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Molekularpathologisches Zentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Scheid
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Uta Bertsch
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Medizinische Klinik V, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Medizinische Klinik V, Heidelberg, Germany
- Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Jauch
- Universität Heidelberg, Institut für Humangenetik, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anja Seckinger
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels & Labor für Myelomforschung, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Jette, Belgium
| | - Dirk Hose
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels & Labor für Myelomforschung, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Jette, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alegre A, Gironella M, Escalante F, Bergua JM, Martínez‐Chamorro C, López A, González E, Bárez A, Somolinos N, Persona EP, Cabrera AS, Soler A, Rodríguez BI, López JM, González Y, Giménez VC, Sampol A, Muñoz C, Vilanova D, Durán M, Fernández de Larrea C. Biological relapse in multiple myeloma: Outcome and treatment strategies in a Spanish real-world setting. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e81. [PMID: 38974896 PMCID: PMC11223993 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Recommendations regarding the best time to start treatment in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after biological relapse/progression (BR) are unclear. This observational, prospective, multicenter registry aimed to evaluate the impact on time to progression (TTP) of treatment initiation at BR versus at symptomatic clinical relapse (ClinR) based on the Spanish routine practice in adult patients with RRMM. Patients had two or less previous treatment lines and at least one previous partial response. Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes were recorded, and survival was analyzed. Of 225 patients, 110 were treated at BR (TxBR group) and 115 at ClinR (TxClinR group) according to the investigators' criteria. The proportion of patients with higher ECOG, previous noncomplete remission (CR), and second relapse were significantly higher in the TxBR group compared to the TxClinR group. TheTxClinR group showed improved outcomes, including TTP, compared to the TxBR group. Progression-free survival increased in the TxClinR group (56.2 months) compared to the TxBR group (32.5 months) (p = 0.0137), and median overall survival also increased (p = 0.0897). Median TTP was significantly longer in patients relapsing from a CR (50.4 months) and in their first relapse (38.7 months) compared to those relapsing from a non-CR response (32.9 months) and in their second relapse (25.2 months). Physicians seemed to start treatment earlier in RRMM patients with poor prognosis features. Previous responses to anti-MM treatment and the number of prior treatment lines were identified as prognosis factors, whereby relapse from CR and first relapse were associated with a longer time to progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aurelio López
- Hospital Universitari Arnau de VilanovaValenciaSpain
| | | | | | | | - Ernesto P. Persona
- Bioaraba [Onco‐Hematology Group], Vitoria‐Gasteiz, Osakidetza [OSI Araba], Hospital Universitario de Álava [Department of Hematology]Vitoria‐GasteizSpain
| | - Alexia S. Cabrera
- Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonia Sampol
- Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de MallorcaSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chong PSY, Chooi JY, Lim SLJ, Chung TH, Brunmeir R, Leow ACY, Toh SHM, Balan K, Azaman MIB, Wu Z, Subramaniam N, Vardy LA, Chng WJ. Epigenetic dysregulation of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 subunit E (eIF3E) by lysine methyltransferase REIIBP confers a pro-inflammatory phenotype in t(4;14) myeloma. Haematologica 2024; 109:1893-1908. [PMID: 38124661 PMCID: PMC11141660 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
REIIBP is a lysine methyltransferase aberrantly expressed through alternative promoter usage of NSD2 locus in t(4;14)-translocated multiple myeloma (MM). Clinically, t(4;14) translocation is an adverse prognostic factor found in approximately 15% of MM patients. The contribution of REIIBP relative to other NSD2 isoforms as a dependency gene in t(4;14)-translocated MM remains to be evaluated. Here, we demonstrated that despite homology with NSD2, REIIBP displayed distinct substrate specificity by preferentially catalyzing H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, with little activity on H3K36me2. Furthermore, REIIBP was regulated through microRNA by EZH2 in a Dicer-dependent manner, exemplifying a role of REIIBP in SET-mediated H3K27me3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing revealed chromatin remodeling characterized by changes in genome-wide and loci-specific occupancy of these opposing histone marks, allowing a bidirectional regulation of its target genes. Transcriptomics indicated that REIIBP induced a pro-inflammatory gene signature through upregulation of TLR7, which in turn led to B-cell receptor-independent activation of BTK and driving NFkB-mediated production of cytokines such as IL-6. Activation of this pathway is targetable using Ibrutinib and partially mitigated bortezomib resistance in a REIIBP xenograft model. Mechanistically, REIIBP upregulated TLR7 through eIF3E, and this relied on eIF3E RNA-binding function instead of its canonical protein synthesis activity, as demonstrated by direct binding to the 3'UTR of TLR7 mRNA. Altogether, we provided a rationale that co-existence of different NSD2 isoforms induced diversified oncogenic programs that should be considered in the strategies for t(4;14)-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis S Y Chong
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Jing Yuan Chooi
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Tae-Hoon Chung
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Reinhard Brunmeir
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | | | | | - Kalpnaa Balan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Zhengwei Wu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Nagavidya Subramaniam
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs and Skin Research Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Immunos, Singapore
| | - Leah A Vardy
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs and Skin Research Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Immunos, Singapore
| | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karube K, Satou A, Kato S. New classifications of B-cell neoplasms: a comparison of 5th WHO and International Consensus classifications. Int J Hematol 2024:10.1007/s12185-024-03781-5. [PMID: 38805112 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a new classification of lymphoid neoplasms, a revision of the previously used Revised 4th Edition of their classification (WHO-4R). However, this means that two classifications are now in simultaneous use: the 5th Edition of the WHO classification (WHO-5) and the International Consensus Classification (ICC). Instead of a comprehensive review of each disease entity, as already described elsewhere, this review focuses on revisions made in both the WHO-5 and ICC from WHO-4R and discrepancies between them regarding B-cell neoplasms. Similarities include cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma, cold agglutinin disease, non-primary effusion lymphoma-type effusion-based lymphoma, and gray zone lymphoma. Differences include plasma cell neoplasms, high-grade B-cell lymphoma (double hit lymphoma), follicular lymphoma, LPD with immune deficiency and dysregulation, extranodal large B-cell lymphoma, transformations of indolent B-cell lymphomas, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Understanding the similarities and differences between the two latest classifications will aid daily diagnostic practice and future research on lymphoid neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kennosuke Karube
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Akira Satou
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kato
- Center for Clinical Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li K, Nie H, Jin R, Wu X. Mesenchymal stem cells-macrophages crosstalk and myeloid malignancy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1397005. [PMID: 38779660 PMCID: PMC11109455 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1397005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As major components of the tumor microenvironment, both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and macrophages can be remodelled and exhibit different phenotypes and functions during tumor initiation and progression. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the growth, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance of hematological malignancies, and are associated with poor prognosis. Consequently, TAMs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets. Notably, MSCs exert a profound influence on modulating immune cell functions such as macrophages and granulocytes, thereby playing a crucial role in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment surrounding tumors. However, in hematological malignancies, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between MSCs and macrophages have not been clearly elucidated. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of TAMs in various common hematological malignancies, and discuss the latest advances in understanding the interaction between MSCs and macrophages in disease progression. Additionally, potential therapeutic approaches targeting this relationship are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyan Nie
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Runming Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barbieri E, Martino EA, Rivolti E, Quaresima M, Vigna E, Neri A, Morabito F, Gentile M. Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies in multiple myeloma with gain/amplification of chromosome arm 1q: a review of the literature. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2024; 24:365-381. [PMID: 38757726 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2024.2357382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gain/amplification of 1q (+1q) represents one of the most prevalent cytogenetic abnormalities (CAs) observed in multiple myeloma (MM). Historical studies predating the advent of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) implicated + 1q in poor prognoses, prompting its integration into novel staging systems. However, with the emergence of daratumumab and isatuximab, two pivotal anti-CD38 moAbs, the landscape of MM therapy has undergone a profound transformation. AREAS COVERED This review encompasses a comprehensive analysis of diverse study methodologies, including observational investigations, clinical trials, meta-analyses, and real-world database analyses. By synthesizing these data sources, we aim to provide an overview of the current understanding of + 1q in the context of anti-CD38 moAbs therapies. EXPERT OPINION Despite the paucity of available data, evidence suggests a potential mitigating effect of daratumumab on the adverse prognostic implications of + 1q. However, this benefit seems to diminish in patients harboring ≥ 4 copies or with concurrent high-risk CAs. On the other hand, isatuximab demonstrated promising outcomes in the relapsed-refractory setting for + 1q MM patients. Nevertheless, direct comparison between the two compounds is currently challenging. The current evidence firmly supports the integration of anti-CD38 moAb-based therapies as the standard of care for + 1q patients, pending further elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Barbieri
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Elena Rivolti
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Micol Quaresima
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ernesto Vigna
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Gentile
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Annunziata, Cosenza, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tang HKK, Fung CY, Hwang YY, Lee H, Lau G, Yip SF, Kho B, Lau CK, Leung KH, Au E, Tse E, Sim J, Kwong YL, Chim CS. Prognostic factors in 448 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma receiving bortezomib-based induction: impact of ASCT, transplant refusal and high-risk MM. Bone Marrow Transplant 2024; 59:660-669. [PMID: 38383715 PMCID: PMC11073964 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-024-02227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In Hong Kong, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) receives bortezomib-based triplet induction. Upfront autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is offered to transplant eligible (TE) patients (NDMM ≤ 65 years of age), unless medically unfit (TE-unfit) or refused (TE-refused). Data was retrieved for 448 patients to assess outcomes. For the entire cohort, multivariate analysis showed that male gender (p = 0.006), international staging system (ISS) 3 (p = 0.003), high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 7.6 × 10-7) were adverse predictors for overall survival (OS), while complete response/ near complete response (CR/nCR) post-induction (p = 2.7 × 10-5) and ASCT (p = 4.8 × 10-4) were favorable factors for OS. In TE group, upfront ASCT was conducted in 252 (76.1%). Failure to undergo ASCT in TE patients rendered an inferior OS (TE-unfit p = 1.06 × 10-8, TE-refused p = 0.002) and event free survival (EFS) (TE-unfit p = 0.00013, TE-refused p = 0.002). Among TE patients with ASCT, multivariate analysis showed that age ≥ 60 (p = 8.9 × 10-4), ISS 3 (p = 0.019) and high LDH (p = 2.6 × 10-4) were adverse factors for OS. In those with high-risk features (HR cytogenetics, ISS 3, R-ISS 3), ASCT appeared to mitigate their adverse impact. Our data reaffirmed the importance of ASCT. The poor survival inherent with refusal of ASCT should be recognized by clinicians. Finally, improved outcome with ASCT in those with high-risk features warrant further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Ki Karen Tang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Yeung Fung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Yan Hwang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Harold Lee
- Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Kwai Chung, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Lau
- Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Kwai Chung, Hong Kong
| | - Sze Fai Yip
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - Bonnie Kho
- Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Kuen Lau
- Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - Kwan Hung Leung
- Department of Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine Au
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Tse
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Joycelyn Sim
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yok Lam Kwong
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Chor Sang Chim
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
- Department of Medicine, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Giannakoulas A, Nikolaidis M, Amoutzias GD, Giannakoulas N. A comparative analysis of transcriptomics of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: exploring drug repurposing. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1390105. [PMID: 38690165 PMCID: PMC11058662 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1390105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignant plasma cell disorder characterized by the infiltration of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow compartment. Gene Expression Profiling (GEP) has emerged as a powerful investigation tool in modern myeloma research enabling the dissection of the molecular background of MM and allowing the identification of gene products that could potentially serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. In this study we investigated shared transcriptomic abnormalities across newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patient cohorts. In total, publicly available transcriptomic data of 7 studies from CD138+ cells from 281 NDMM patients and 44 healthy individuals were integrated and analyzed. Overall, we identified 28 genes that were consistently differentially expressed (DE) between NDMM patients and healthy donors (HD) across various studies. Of those, 9 genes were over/under-expressed in more than 75% of NDMM patients. In addition, we identified 4 genes (MT1F, PURPL, LINC01239 and LINC01480) that were not previously considered to participate in MM pathogenesis. Meanwhile, by mining three drug databases (ChEMBL, IUPHAR/BPS and DrugBank) we identified 31 FDA-approved and 144 experimental drugs that target 8 of these 28 over/under-expressed MM genes. Taken together, our study offers new insights in MM pathogenesis and importantly, it reveals potential new treatment options that need to be further investigated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Giannakoulas
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Marios Nikolaidis
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Grigorios D. Amoutzias
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Giannakoulas
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Van Den Berghe T, Verberckmoes B, Kint N, Wallaert S, De Vos N, Algoet C, Behaeghe M, Dutoit J, Van Roy N, Vlummens P, Dendooven A, Van Dorpe J, Offner F, Verstraete K. Predicting cytogenetic risk in multiple myeloma using conventional whole-body MRI, spinal dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and spinal diffusion-weighted imaging. Insights Imaging 2024; 15:106. [PMID: 38597979 PMCID: PMC11006637 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-024-01672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cytogenetic abnormalities are predictors of poor prognosis in multiple myeloma (MM). This paper aims to build and validate a multiparametric conventional and functional whole-body MRI-based prediction model for cytogenetic risk classification in newly diagnosed MM. METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed MM who underwent multiparametric conventional whole-body MRI, spinal dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE-)MRI, spinal diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) and had genetic analysis were retrospectively included (2011-2020/Ghent University Hospital/Belgium). Patients were stratified into standard versus intermediate/high cytogenetic risk groups. After segmentation, 303 MRI features were extracted. Univariate and model-based methods were evaluated for feature and model selection. Testing was performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and precision-recall curves. Models comparing the performance for genetic risk classification of the entire MRI protocol and of all MRI sequences separately were evaluated, including all features. Four final models, including only the top three most predictive features, were evaluated. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were enrolled (mean age 66 ± 7 years, 15 men, 13 intermediate-/high-risk genetics). None of the univariate models and none of the models with all features included achieved good performance. The best performing model with only the three most predictive features and including all MRI sequences reached a ROC-area-under-the-curve of 0.80 and precision-recall-area-under-the-curve of 0.79. The highest statistical performance was reached when all three MRI sequences were combined (conventional whole-body MRI + DCE-MRI + DWI). Conventional MRI always outperformed the other sequences. DCE-MRI always outperformed DWI, except for specificity. CONCLUSIONS A multiparametric MRI-based model has a better performance in the noninvasive prediction of high-risk cytogenetics in newly diagnosed MM than conventional MRI alone. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT An elaborate multiparametric MRI-based model performs better than conventional MRI alone for the noninvasive prediction of high-risk cytogenetics in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma; this opens opportunities to assess genetic heterogeneity thus overcoming sampling bias. KEY POINTS • Standard genetic techniques in multiple myeloma patients suffer from sampling bias due to tumoral heterogeneity. • Multiparametric MRI noninvasively predicts genetic risk in multiple myeloma. • Combined conventional anatomical MRI, DCE-MRI, and DWI had the highest statistical performance to predict genetic risk. • Conventional MRI alone always outperformed DCE-MRI and DWI separately to predict genetic risk. DCE-MRI alone always outperformed DWI separately, except for the parameter specificity to predict genetic risk. • This multiparametric MRI-based genetic risk prediction model opens opportunities to noninvasively assess genetic heterogeneity thereby overcoming sampling bias in predicting genetic risk in multiple myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Van Den Berghe
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Building -1K12, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium.
| | - Bert Verberckmoes
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Building -1K12, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Kint
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Steven Wallaert
- Department of Biostatistics, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Nicolas De Vos
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Building -1K12, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Chloé Algoet
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Building -1K12, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Maxim Behaeghe
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Building -1K12, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Julie Dutoit
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Building -1K12, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Nadine Van Roy
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Philip Vlummens
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Amélie Dendooven
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Fritz Offner
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Verstraete
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Building -1K12, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maura F, Bergsagel PL. Molecular Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma: Clinical Implications. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:267-279. [PMID: 38199896 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of bone-marrow-localized, isotype-switched plasma cells that secrete a monoclonal immunoglobulin and cause hyperCalcemia, Anemia, Renal failure, and lytic Bone disease. It is preceded, often for decades, by a relatively stable monoclonal gammopathy lacking these clinical and malignant features. Both conditions are characterized by the presence of types of immunoglobulin heavy gene translocations that dysregulate a cyclin D family gene on 11q13 (CCND1), 6p21 (CCND3), or 12q11 (CCND2), a maf family gene on 16q23 (MAF), 20q11 (MAFB), or 8q24 (MAFA), or NSD2/FGFR3 on 4p16, or the presence of hyperdiploidy. Subsequent loss of function of tumor suppressor genes and mutations activating MYC, RAS, NFkB, and cell cycle pathways are associated with the progression to malignant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Maura
- University of Miami, 1120 Northwest 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jha K, Saha S, Bhattacharyya M. Cytogenetic Alterations and Correlation with Age and Gender in Patients of Multiple Myeloma: A Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India. South Asian J Cancer 2024; 13:126-131. [PMID: 38919660 PMCID: PMC11196154 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Karuna JhaBackground Multiple myeloma is a cytogenetically heterogeneous, evolving, and incurable disease. Differences in prevalence of myeloma already exist in Indian subcontinent as compared with Western world countries. This study attempts to investigate differences in incidence of cytogenetic abnormalities (CA) in Eastern Indian patients and study differences in incidence with respect to age and gender. Materials and Methods Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied on purified plasma cells of 280 newly diagnosed myeloma cases using specific probes. Statistical Analysis Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Results Note that 51.07% patients were FISH positive. Del13q was the most common CA. Significant association of del 13q with t(4;14), del 17p, and gain of 1q was seen. The frequencies of FISH positive and negative groups differed in the different age groups; higher number of cases in 41 to 50 years group in FISH positive group ( p < 0.05) and lower number of cases in FISH positive group in 61 to 70 years ( p < 0.05) as compared with FISH negative group. Del 17p had higher number of cases in age group 41 to 50 years and 51 to 60 years as compared with other age groups. Incidence of t(11;14) was in 5th to 7th decade while del 13q and t(4;14) had the widest range of age at presentation. Gender disparities were seen in high-risk cytogenetics like del 17p and 1q gain. Conclusion The differences in incidence rate of CAs per se in myeloma cases diagnosed in Indian subcontinent and the differences in incidence with respect to age and gender warrant further multicentric studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Jha
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandeep Saha
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Maitreyee Bhattacharyya
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cardona-Benavides IJ, Misiewicz-Krzeminska I, Rojas EA, De Ramón C, Sanz-Solas A, Isidro I, Quwaider D, López-Guerrero AM, Cuadrado M, Calasanz MJ, Rosiñol L, Martínez-López J, San Miguel JF, Mateos MV, Corchete LA, Gutiérrez NC. Quantification of cyclin D1 and D2 proteins in multiple myeloma identifies different expression patterns from those revealed by gene expression profiling. Haematologica 2024; 109:877-887. [PMID: 37646661 PMCID: PMC10905080 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of a cyclin D gene determined by expression microarrays is an almost universal event in multiple myeloma (MM), but this finding has not been properly confirmed at the protein level. For this reason, we carried out a quantitative analysis of cyclin D proteins using a capillary electrophoresis nanoimmunoassay in newly diagnosed MM patients. Exclusive expression of cyclin D1 and D2 proteins was detected in 54 of 165 (33%) and 30 of 165 (18%) of the MM patients, respectively. Of note, cyclin D1 or D2 proteins were undetectable in 41% of the samples. High levels of cyclin D1 protein were strongly associated with the presence of t(11;14) or 11q gains. Cyclin D2 protein was detected in all the cases bearing t(14;16), but in only 24% of patients with t(4;14). The presence of cyclin D2 was associated with shorter overall survival (hazard ratio =2.14; P=0.017), although patients expressing cyclin D2 protein, but without 1q gains, had a favorable prognosis. In conclusion, although one of the cyclins D is overexpressed at the mRNA level in almost all MM patients, in approximately half of the patients this does not translate into detectable protein. This suggests that cyclins D could not play an oncogenic role in a proportion of patients with MM (clinicaltrials gov. identifier: NCT01916252).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio J Cardona-Benavides
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | | | - Elizabeta A Rojas
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | - Cristina De Ramón
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | - Antonio Sanz-Solas
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | - Isabel Isidro
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | - Dalia Quwaider
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | - Aida M López-Guerrero
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | - Myriam Cuadrado
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca
| | - María-José Calasanz
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Aplicadas (CIMA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)
| | - Laura Rosiñol
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain; Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; Hematology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Medicine Department, Complutense University Madrid
| | - Jesús F San Miguel
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Aplicadas (CIMA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)
| | - María-Victoria Mateos
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)
| | - Luis A Corchete
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)
| | - Norma C Gutiérrez
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain; Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC).
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Uryu H, Mishima Y, Ishihara Y, Shirouchi Y, Yamauchi N, Hirano M, Hirano K, Teramoto Y, Yoshida K, Maruyama D. Complex karyotype determined using conventional cytogenetic analysis is a poor prognostic factor in patients with multiple myeloma. J Clin Exp Hematop 2024; 64:10-20. [PMID: 38538316 PMCID: PMC11079984 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
High-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs) influence the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). However, additional cytogenetic aberrations can lead to poor outcomes. This study aimed to clarify whether HRCAs and additional chromosomal abnormalities affect MM prognosis. Patients with newly diagnosed MM who were treated with novel agents were retrospectively evaluated. The primary objective was to assess the difference in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients with/without HRCAs and between patients with/without complex karyotype (CK). The secondary objectives were to identify factors affecting PFS/OS and factors related to CK. HRCAs were defined as del(17p), t(4;14), t(14;16), and gain/amplification(1q) assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. CK was defined as ≥3 chromosomal abnormalities on G-banding. Among 110 patients, 40 had HRCAs and 15 had CK. In this study, survival durations between patients with/without HRCAs were similar, while the CK group had significantly poorer PFS/OS than the no-CK group (median PFS: 9 vs. 24 months and median OS: 29 vs. 97 months, respectively), and a poor prognostic impact of CK was maintained in patients with HRCAs. In multivariate analysis, CK was correlated with poor PFS/OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.39, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.22-4.66 and HR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.10-6.45, respectively). Bone marrow plasma cell (BMPC) ≥60% (odds ratio [OR] = 6.40, 95% CI: 1.50-27.2) and Revised International Staging System III (OR = 7.53, 95% CI: 2.09-27.1) were associated with CK. Our study suggests that CK may contribute to the poor prognosis of MM. Aggressive disease status including high BMPC proliferation could be relevant to CK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Uryu
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Mishima
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishihara
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Shirouchi
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamauchi
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhito Hirano
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Hirano
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukako Teramoto
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kikuaki Yoshida
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dai Maruyama
- Department of Hematology
Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for
Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kleber M, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Terpos E. The Role of t(11;14) in Tailoring Treatment Decisions in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5829. [PMID: 38136374 PMCID: PMC10742268 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) represents a hematological neoplasia with an uncontrolled proliferation of malignant plasma cells and complex cytogenetic abnormalities. t(11;14) has emerged as a crucial genetic aberration and is one of the most common primary translocations in MM. Patients harboring t(11;14) represent a distinctive subgroup with a clinical profile that differs from t(11;14)-negative MM risk categories. One of the key features linked with t(11;14) is the BCL2 dependency, indicating vulnerability to BCL2 inhibition. BCL2 inhibitors, such as venetoclax, demonstrated impressive efficacy alone or in combination with other anti-myeloma drugs in patients with RRMM accompanied by t(11;14) and BCL2 overexpression. Therefore, t(11;14) plays a key role in both risk stratification and informed decision making towards a tailored therapy. In this review, we highlight the biology of t(11;14) in MM cells, summarize the current evolving role of t(11;14) in the era of novel agents and novel targeted therapies, illuminate current efficacy and safety data of BCL2-based treatment options and explore the future prospects of individualized precision medicine for this special subgroup of patients with MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kleber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic Hirslanden Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ren L, Ren Y, Yang Y, Wang W, Xu T, Wang Y, Xu J, Maihemaiti A, Lan T, Li P, Zhou C, Wang P, Liu P. Clinical profiles in multiple myeloma patients with extreme survivals: a study from a National Medical Center in China. Hematology 2023; 28:2277503. [PMID: 38018564 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2277503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) patients are highly variable in the real-world setting. Some MM patients may have clinical endings that do not abide by the book. We aim to describe features of MM patients with extreme survivals in real-world practice. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 941 patients consecutively visited a national medical center, China, between July 1995 and December 2021. Among patients, we identified two groups of MM patients with extreme survivals, 56 were in the long-term remission (LR) group with progression-free survival (PFS) ≥ 60 months, and 82 were in the rapid progression (RP) group with PFS ≤ 6 months. RESULTS CRAB features, of which hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, and anemia were more common in the RP group, except for bone disease, with a comparable incidence at diagnosis in both groups (88.8 vs 85.7%, P = 0.52). High-risk cytogenetics was detected in 45.7% of patients in the RP group. Of note, 14.3% of MM patients in the LR group harbored del (17p). According to the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS), 9% of patients belonged to stage I in the RP group, and 19% of patients in the LR group were found in stage III. There were 8 (15.7%) patients in the LR group only achieved partial response (PR) as the best response. Median time to best response (TBR) for LR and RP group patients was 4.6 and 1.4 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The disparities in the survivals of MM patients indicated that some unexpected factors have influenced the outcomes in the real-world setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ren
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Ren
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadai Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Aziguli Maihemaiti
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwei Lan
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
VanWyngarden MJ, Walker ZJ, Su Y, Perez de Acha O, Stevens BM, Forsberg PA, Mark TM, Matsui W, Liu B, Sherbenou DW. CD46-ADC Reduces the Engraftment of Multiple Myeloma Patient-Derived Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5335. [PMID: 38001595 PMCID: PMC10670432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting CD46 conjugated to monomethyl auristatin has a potent anti-myeloma effect in cell lines in vitro and in vivo, and patient samples treated ex vivo. Here, we tested if CD46-ADC may have the potential to target MM-initiating cells (MM-ICs). CD46 expression was measured on primary MM cells with a stem-like phenotype. A patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model was implemented utilizing implanted fetal bone fragments to provide a humanized microenvironment. Engraftment was monitored via serum human light chain ELISA, and at sacrifice via bone marrow and bone fragment flow cytometry. We then tested MM regeneration in PDX by treating mice with CD46-ADC or the nonbinding control-ADC. MM progenitor cells from patients that exhibit high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity also have a high expression of CD46. In PDX, newly diagnosed MM patient samples engrafted significantly more compared to relapsed/refractory samples. In mice transplanted with newly diagnosed samples, CD46-ADC treatment showed significantly decreased engraftment compared to control-ADC treatment. Our data further support the targeting of CD46 in MM. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show preclinical drug efficacy in a PDX model of MM. This is an important area for future study, as patient samples but not cell lines accurately represent intratumoral heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. VanWyngarden
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.V.); (Z.J.W.); (O.P.d.A.); (B.M.S.); (P.A.F.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Zachary J. Walker
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.V.); (Z.J.W.); (O.P.d.A.); (B.M.S.); (P.A.F.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Anesthesia, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Olivia Perez de Acha
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.V.); (Z.J.W.); (O.P.d.A.); (B.M.S.); (P.A.F.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Brett M. Stevens
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.V.); (Z.J.W.); (O.P.d.A.); (B.M.S.); (P.A.F.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Peter A. Forsberg
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.V.); (Z.J.W.); (O.P.d.A.); (B.M.S.); (P.A.F.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Tomer M. Mark
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.V.); (Z.J.W.); (O.P.d.A.); (B.M.S.); (P.A.F.); (T.M.M.)
| | - William Matsui
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78705, USA;
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Daniel W. Sherbenou
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.V.); (Z.J.W.); (O.P.d.A.); (B.M.S.); (P.A.F.); (T.M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hui H, Fuller KA, Eresta Jaya L, Konishi Y, Ng TF, Frodsham R, Speight G, Yamada K, Clarke SE, Erber WN. IGH cytogenetic abnormalities can be detected in multiple myeloma by imaging flow cytometry. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:763-769. [PMID: 36113967 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cytogenetic abnormalities involving the IGH gene are seen in up to 55% of patients with multiple myeloma. Current testing is performed manually by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) on purified plasma cells. We aimed to assess whether an automated imaging flow cytometric method that uses immunophenotypic cell identification, and does not require cell isolation, can identify IGH abnormalities. METHODS Aspirated bone marrow from 10 patients with multiple myeloma were studied. Plasma cells were identified by CD38 and CD138 coexpression and assessed with FISH probes for numerical or structural abnormalities of IGH. Thousands of cells were acquired on an imaging flow cytometer and numerical data and digital images were analysed. RESULTS Up to 30 000 cells were acquired and IGH chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 5 of the 10 marrow samples. FISH signal patterns seen included fused IGH signals for IGH/FGFR3 and IGH/MYEOV, indicating t(4;14) and t(11;14), respectively. In addition, three IGH signals were identified, indicating trisomy 14 or translocation with an alternate chromosome. The lowest limit of detection of an IGH abnormality was in 0.05% of all cells. CONCLUSIONS This automated high-throughput immuno-flowFISH method was able to identify translocations and trisomy involving the IGH gene in plasma cells in multiple myeloma. Thousands of cells were analysed and without prior cell isolation. The inclusion of positive plasma cell identification based on immunophenotype led to a lowest detection level of 0.05% marrow cells. This imaging flow cytometric FISH method offers the prospect of increased precision of detection of critical genetic lesions involving IGH and other chromosomal defects in multiple myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA Australia
| | - Kathy A Fuller
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA Australia
| | | | | | - Teng Fong Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA Australia
| | | | | | | | - Sarah E Clarke
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Wendy N Erber
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Puertas B, González-Calle V, Sureda A, Moreno MJ, Oriol A, González E, Rosiñol L, López J, Escalante F, Martínez-Lopez J, Carrillo E, Clavero E, Ríos-Tamayo R, Rey-Bua B, González-Rodríguez AP, Dourdil V, de Arriba F, González S, Pérez-de-Oteyza J, Hernández MT, García-Mateo A, Bargay J, Bladé J, Lahuerta JJ, San Miguel JF, Ocio EM, Mateos MV. Randomized phase II study of weekly carfilzomib 70 mg/m 2 and dexamethasone with or without cyclophosphamide in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma patients. Haematologica 2023; 108:2753-2763. [PMID: 37102598 PMCID: PMC10542845 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this randomized phase II study (GEM-KyCyDex, clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: NCT03336073), the combination of weekly carfilzomib 70 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (KCd) was compared to carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Kd) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after 1-3 prior lines (PL). One hundred and ninety-seven patients were included and randomized 1:1 to receive KCd (97 patients) or Kd (100 patients) in 28-day cycles until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity occurred. Patient median age was 70 years, and the median number of PL was one (range, 1-3). More than 90% of patients had previously been exposed to proteasome inhibitors, approximetely 70% to immunomodulators, and approximetely 50% were refractory to their last line (mainly lenalidomide) in both groups. After a median follow-up of 37 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 19.1 and 16.6 months in KCd and Kd, respectively (P=0.577). Of note, in the post hoc analysis of the lenalidomide-refractory population, the addition of cyclophosphamide to Kd resulted in a significant benefit in terms of PFS: 18.4 versus 11.3 months (hazard ratio =1.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-2.7; P=0.043). The overall response rate and the percentage of patients who achieved complete response was around 70% and 20% in both groups. The addition of cyclophosphamide to Kd did not result in any safety signal, except for severe infections (7% vs. 2%). In conclusion, the combination of cyclophosphamide with Kd 70 mg/m2 weekly does not improve outcomes as compared with Kd alone in RRMM after 1-3 PL, but a significant benefit in PFS was observed with the triplet combination in the lenalidomide-refractory population. The administration of weekly carfilzomib 70 mg/m2 was safe and convenient, and, overall, the toxicity was manageable in both arms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Puertas
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), CIBERONC, Salamanca
| | - Verónica González-Calle
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), CIBERONC, Salamanca
| | - Anna Sureda
- Hematology Department, Institut Català D'Oncologia L'Hospitalet, Barcelona
| | - María José Moreno
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen De La Arrixaca, Murcia
| | - Albert Oriol
- Hematology Department, Institut Josep Carreras and Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona
| | | | - Laura Rosiñol
- Department of Hematology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona
| | - Jordi López
- Hematology Department, Hospital De La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona
| | | | - Joaquín Martínez-Lopez
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, CNIO, Madrid
| | - Estrella Carrillo
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS/CISC), Sevilla
| | - Esther Clavero
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen De Las Nieves, Granada
| | | | - Beatriz Rey-Bua
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), CIBERONC, Salamanca
| | | | - Victoria Dourdil
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza
| | - Felipe de Arriba
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia
| | - Sonia González
- Hematology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario De Santiago, Santiago de Compostela
| | | | - Miguel T. Hernández
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario De Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife
| | | | - Joan Bargay
- Hematology Department, H. Universitario Son Llàtzer, IdIsBa, Mallorca
| | - Joan Bladé
- Department of Hematology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona
| | - Juan José Lahuerta
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, CNIO, Madrid
| | - Jesús F. San Miguel
- Hematology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CIMA, IDISNA, CIBERONC, Pamplona
| | - Enrique M. Ocio
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués De Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Universidad De Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - María-Victoria Mateos
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), CIBERONC, Salamanca
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Du J, Gu XR, Yu XX, Cao YJ, Hou J. Essential procedures of single-cell RNA sequencing in multiple myeloma and its translational value. BLOOD SCIENCE 2023; 5:221-236. [PMID: 37941914 PMCID: PMC10629747 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm characterized by clonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells. In many countries, it ranks as the second most prevalent malignant neoplasm of the hematopoietic system. Although treatment methods for MM have been continuously improved and the survival of patients has been dramatically prolonged, MM remains an incurable disease with a high probability of recurrence. As such, there are still many challenges to be addressed. One promising approach is single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), which can elucidate the transcriptome heterogeneity of individual cells and reveal previously unknown cell types or states in complex tissues. In this review, we outlined the experimental workflow of scRNA-seq in MM, listed some commonly used scRNA-seq platforms and analytical tools. In addition, with the advent of scRNA-seq, many studies have made new progress in the key molecular mechanisms during MM clonal evolution, cell interactions and molecular regulation in the microenvironment, and drug resistance mechanisms in target therapy. We summarized the main findings and sequencing platforms for applying scRNA-seq to MM research and proposed broad directions for targeted therapies based on these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Du
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Gu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Yu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yang-Jia Cao
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi 710000, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Giguère A, Raymond-Bouchard I, Collin V, Claveau JS, Hébert J, LeBlanc R. Optical Genome Mapping Reveals the Complex Genetic Landscape of Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4687. [PMID: 37835381 PMCID: PMC10571866 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on enriched CD138 plasma cells is the standard method for identification of clinically relevant genetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma. However, FISH is a targeted analysis that can be challenging due to the genetic complexity of myeloma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of optical genome mapping (OGM) to detect clinically significant cytogenetic abnormalities in myeloma and to provide larger pangenomic information. OGM and FISH analyses were performed on CD138-purified cells of 20 myeloma patients. OGM successfully detected structural variants (SVs) (IGH and MYC rearrangements), copy number variants (CNVs) (17p/TP53 deletion, 1p deletion and 1q gain/amplification) and aneuploidy (gains of odd-numbered chromosomes, monosomy 13) classically expected with myeloma and led to a 30% increase in prognosis yield at our institution when compared to FISH. Despite challenges in the interpretation of OGM calls for CNV and aneuploidy losses in non-diploid genomes, OGM has the potential to replace FISH as the standard of care analysis in clinical settings and to efficiently change how we identify prognostic and predictive markers for therapies in the future. To our knowledge, this is the first study highlighting the feasibility and clinical utility of OGM in myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Giguère
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; (I.R.-B.); (V.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Bouchard
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; (I.R.-B.); (V.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Vanessa Collin
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; (I.R.-B.); (V.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Jean-Sébastien Claveau
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; (J.-S.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Josée Hébert
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; (I.R.-B.); (V.C.); (J.H.)
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; (J.-S.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Richard LeBlanc
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; (J.-S.C.); (R.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kumar S, Dispenzieri A, Bhutani D, Gertz M, Wechalekar A, Palladini G, Comenzo R, Fonseca R, Jaccard A, Kastritis E, Schönland S, la Porte C, Pei H, Tran N, Merlini G. Impact of cytogenetic abnormalities on treatment outcomes in patients with amyloid light-chain amyloidosis: subanalyses from the ANDROMEDA study. Amyloid 2023; 30:268-278. [PMID: 36779691 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2022.2164488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytogenetic abnormalities are common in patients with amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis; some are associated with poorer outcomes. This post hoc analysis of ANDROMEDA evaluated the impact of certain cytogenetic abnormalities on outcomes in this patient population. METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis were randomised 1:1 to daratumumab, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (D-VCd) or VCd. Outcomes were evaluated in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population and in patients with t(11;14), amp1q21, del13q14, and del17p13. RESULTS Overall, 321 patients had cytogenetic testing (D-VCd, n = 155; VCd, n = 166); most common abnormalities were t(11;14) and amp1q21. At a median follow-up of 20.3 months, haematologic complete response rates were higher with D-VCd vs VCd across all cytogenetic subgroups and organ response rates were numerically higher with D-VCd vs VCd across most subgroups. Point estimates for hazard ratio of major organ deterioration-PFS and -EFS favoured D-VCd over VCd for all cytogenetic subgroups. Deep haematologic responses (involved minus uninvolved free light chains [FLC] <10 mg/L or involved FLC ≤20 mg/L) were seen in more patients with D-VCd than VCd in all ITT and t(11;14) cohorts. CONCLUSIONS These results support the use of D-VCd as standard of care in patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis regardless of cytogenetic abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Divaya Bhutani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Giovanni Palladini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Raymond Comenzo
- Tufts Medical Center, John C Davis Myeloma and Amyloid Program, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Arnaud Jaccard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire and Reference Center for AL Amyloidosis, Limoges, France
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Medizinische Klinik V, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Huiling Pei
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - NamPhuong Tran
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu M, Zhang JY. Reduction rate of monoclonal protein as a useful prognostic factor in standard-risk group of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5643-5652. [PMID: 37727707 PMCID: PMC10506002 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i24.5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematologic malignancy that originates from a malignant clone of plasma cells. Solitary plasmacytoma, history of diabetes, and platelet count are considered as prognostic factors for MM. But some patients are still associated with much worse outcomes without any prognostic predictors. This study aimed to observe the reduction rate of monoclonal protein (M protein) after the first and fourth chemotherapy cycles, which is considered as a new prognostic factor for progression-free survival (PFS) in standard-risk group of newly diagnosed MM patients. AIM To investigate the reduction rate of M protein after first and fourth cycle chemotherapy as a useful prognostic factor. METHODS A total of 316 patients diagnosed with MM for the first time between 2010 and 2019 at the Lishui Municipal Central Hospital were included. All patients were diagnosed according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) 2020.V1 diagnostic criteria. The risk assessment was performed by the Mayo Stratification for Macroglobulinemia and Risk-Adapted Therapy guidelines. After diagnosis, 164 patients were evaluated and underwent treatment with four to eight courses of continuous induction chemotherapy. The patients with no response after induction treatment were administered additional therapy following the NCCN 2020.V1 criteria. The following baseline data from the patients were collected: Gender, age at diagnosis, Durie-Salmon stage, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, catabolite activator protein, albumin/globulin ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, translocation (t)(6;14), t(11;14), maintenance regimen, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, and phosphorous. All baseline data and the reduction rate of M protein after each chemotherapy cycle from the first to fourth were assessed by univariate analysis. The factors influencing the overall survival and PFS were then assessed by multivariate analysis. We found the first cycle (C1) reduction rate and the fourth cycle (C4) reduction rate as predictors of PFS. Then, PFS was compared between patients with a C1 reduction rate of M protein of ≥ 25% vs < 25% and ≥ 50% vs < 50%, and between patients with a C4 reduction rate of ≥ 25% vs < 25%, ≥ 50% vs < 50%, and ≥ 75% vs < 75%. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed age [hazard ratio (HR): 1.059, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.033-1.085, P ≤ 0.001], International Staging System stage (HR: 2.136, 95%CI: 1.500-3.041, P ≤ 0.001), autotransplantion (HR: 0.201, 95%CI: 0.069-0.583, P = 0.019), TC (HR: 0.689, 95%CI: 0.533-0.891, P = 0.019), C1 reduction rate (HR: 0474, 95%CI: 0.293-0.767, P = 0.019), and C4 reduction rate (HR: 0.254, 95%CI: 0.139-0.463, P = 0.019) as predictors of PFS. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank tests revealed that a higher reduction rate of M protein after first cycle (≥ 50%) and fourth cycle (≥ 75%) chemotherapy was associated with a longer PFS than the lower one. CONCLUSION Higher reduction rates of M protein after the first and fourth chemotherapy cycles can act as advantageous prognostic factors for PFS in standard-risk group of MM patients during initial diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Hematology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Medina-Herrera A, Sarasquete ME, Jiménez C, Puig N, García-Sanz R. Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Past, Present, and Future. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3687. [PMID: 37509348 PMCID: PMC10377959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Responses to treatment have improved over the last decades for patients with multiple myeloma. This is a consequence of the introduction of new drugs that have been successfully combined in different clinical contexts: newly diagnosed, transplant-eligible or ineligible patients, as well as in the relapsed/refractory setting. However, a great proportion of patients continue to relapse, even those achieving complete response, which underlines the need for updated response criteria. In 2014, the international myeloma working group established new levels of response, prompting the evaluation of minimal residual disease (MRD) for those patients already in complete or stringent complete response as defined by conventional serological assessments: the absence of tumor plasma cells in 100,000 total cells or more define molecular and immunophenotypic responses by next-generation sequencing and flow cytometry, respectively. In this review, we describe all the potential methods that may be used for MRD detection based on the evidence found in the literature, paying special attention to their advantages and pitfalls from a critical perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Medina-Herrera
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Sarasquete
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Jiménez
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noemí Puig
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tsukamoto T, Kinoshita M, Yamada K, Ito H, Yamaguchi T, Chinen Y, Mizutani S, Fujino T, Kobayashi T, Shimura Y, Inazawa J, Kuroda J. Imaging flow cytometry-based multiplex FISH for three IGH translocations in multiple myeloma. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:507-514. [PMID: 36882509 PMCID: PMC10290952 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-023-01136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Three types of chromosomal translocations, t(4;14)(p16;q32), t(14;16)(q32;q23), and t(11;14)(q13;q32), are associated with prognosis and the decision making of therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we developed a new diagnostic modality of the multiplex FISH in immunophenotyped cells in suspension (Immunophenotyped-Suspension-Multiplex (ISM)-FISH). For the ISM-FISH, we first subject cells in suspension to the immunostaining by anti-CD138 antibody and, then, to the hybridization with four different FISH probes for genes of IGH, FGFR3, MAF, and CCND1 tagged by different fluorescence in suspension. Then, cells are analyzed by the imaging flow cytometry MI-1000 combined with the FISH spot counting tool. By this system of the ISM-FISH, we can simultaneously examine the three chromosomal translocations, i.e, t(4;14), t(14;16), and t(11;14), in CD138-positive tumor cells in more than 2.5 × 104 nucleated cells with the sensitivity at least up to 1%, possibly up to 0.1%. The experiments on bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNCs) from 70 patients with MM or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance demonstrated the promising qualitative diagnostic ability in detecting t(11;14), t(4;14), and t(14;16) of our ISM-FISH, which was more sensitive compared with standard double-color (DC) FISH examining 200 interphase cells with its best sensitivity up to 1.0%. Moreover, the ISM-FISH showed a positive concordance of 96.6% and negative concordance of 98.8% with standard DC-FISH examining 1000 interphase cells. In conclusion, the ISM-FISH is a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool for the simultaneous examination of three critically important IGH translocations, which may promote risk-adapted individualized therapy in MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Tsukamoto
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Hodaka Ito
- General Laboratory, Bio Medical Laboratories, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiaki Chinen
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fujino
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kobayashi
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimura
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Cell Therapy, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Research Core Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Skerget M, Skopec B, Zver S, Podgornik H. Amplification of Chromosome 1q Predicts Poor Overall Survival in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients. J Hematol 2023; 12:109-113. [PMID: 37435413 PMCID: PMC10332865 DOI: 10.14740/jh1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosome 1q copy number alterations are common in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, and in most published studies, there is no distinction made between three copies or the addition of at least four copies. The impact of these copy number alterations on patient outcome and optimal treatment is not fully understood. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 136 transplant eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma from our national registry, who were treated with first autologous stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Results Patients with at least four copies of chromosome 1q had the poorest prognosis, with an overall survival of only 28.3 months. In multivariate analysis, four copies of chromosome 1q were the only statistically significant factor for overall survival. Conclusions Despite the use of novel agents, transplantation, and maintenance therapy, patients with a gain of four copies of chromosome 1q have a very poor survival rate. Therefore, prospective studies using immunotherapy in this patient population are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matevz Skerget
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Skopec
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Samo Zver
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Podgornik
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Marx A, Osváth M, Szikora B, Pipek O, Csabai I, Nagy Á, Bödör C, Matula Z, Nagy G, Bors A, Uher F, Mikala G, Vályi-Nagy I, Kacskovics I. Liquid biopsy-based monitoring of residual disease in multiple myeloma by analysis of the rearranged immunoglobulin genes-A feasibility study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285696. [PMID: 37235573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for sensitive monitoring of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) in multiple myeloma emerged as novel therapies led to deeper responses. Moreover, the potential benefits of blood-based analyses, the so-called liquid biopsy is prompting more and more studies to assess its feasibility. Considering these recent demands, we aimed to optimize a highly sensitive molecular system based on the rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) genes to monitor MRD from peripheral blood. We analyzed a small group of myeloma patients with the high-risk t(4;14) translocation, using next-generation sequencing of Ig genes and droplet digital PCR of patient-specific Ig heavy chain (IgH) sequences. Moreover, well established monitoring methods such as multiparametric flow cytometry and RT-qPCR of the fusion transcript IgH::MMSET (IgH and multiple myeloma SET domain-containing protein) were utilized to evaluate the feasibility of these novel molecular tools. Serum measurements of M-protein and free light chains together with the clinical assessment by the treating physician served as routine clinical data. We found significant correlation between our molecular data and clinical parameters, using Spearman correlations. While the comparisons of the Ig-based methods and the other monitoring methods (flow cytometry, qPCR) were not statistically evaluable, we found common trends in their target detection. Regarding longitudinal disease monitoring, the applied methods yielded complementary information thus increasing the reliability of MRD evaluation. We also detected indications of early relapse before clinical signs, although this implication needs further verification in a larger patient cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Marx
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Magdolna Osváth
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szikora
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Pipek
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Csabai
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Nagy
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bödör
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Matula
- National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ginette Nagy
- National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Bors
- National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Uher
- National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mikala
- National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Vályi-Nagy
- National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Kacskovics
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park SS, Lee JC, Byun JM, Choi G, Kim KH, Lim S, Dingli D, Jeon YW, Yahng SA, Shin SH, Min CK, Koo J. ML-based sequential analysis to assist selection between VMP and RD for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:46. [PMID: 37210456 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00385-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal first-line treatment that enables deeper and longer remission is crucially important for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). In this study, we developed the machine learning (ML) models predicting overall survival (OS) or response of the transplant-ineligible NDMM patients when treated by one of the two regimens-bortezomib plus melphalan plus prednisone (VMP) or lenalidomide plus dexamethasone (RD). Demographic and clinical characteristics obtained during diagnosis were used to train the ML models, which enabled treatment-specific risk stratification. Survival was superior when the patients were treated with the regimen to which they were low risk. The largest difference in OS was observed in the VMP-low risk & RD-high risk group, who recorded a hazard ratio of 0.15 (95% CI: 0.04-0.55) when treated with VMP vs. RD regimen. Retrospective analysis showed that the use of the ML models might have helped to improve the survival and/or response of up to 202 (39%) patients among the entire cohort (N = 514). In this manner, we believe that the ML models trained on clinical data available at diagnosis can assist the individualized selection of optimal first-line treatment for transplant-ineligible NDMM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Soo Park
- Catholic Research Network for Multiple Myeloma, Catholic Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25440, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Min Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyucheol Choi
- ImpriMedKorea, Inc., Seoul, 08507, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Hyun Kim
- ImpriMedKorea, Inc., Seoul, 08507, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Lim
- ImpriMedKorea, Inc., Seoul, 08507, Republic of Korea
- ImpriMed, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, 94303, USA
| | - David Dingli
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Young-Woo Jeon
- Catholic Research Network for Multiple Myeloma, Catholic Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology, Yeoido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 07345, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Yahng
- Catholic Research Network for Multiple Myeloma, Catholic Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Shin
- Catholic Research Network for Multiple Myeloma, Catholic Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 03312, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Catholic Research Network for Multiple Myeloma, Catholic Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jamin Koo
- ImpriMedKorea, Inc., Seoul, 08507, Republic of Korea.
- ImpriMed, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, 94303, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang W, Wu C, Geng S, Wang J, Yan C, Zhang X, Zhang JJ, Wu F, Pang Y, Zhong Y, Wang J, Fu W, Huang X, Wang W, Lyu X, Huang Y, Jing H. FAM46C-mediated tumor heterogeneity predicts extramedullary metastasis and poorer survival in multiple myeloma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3644-3677. [PMID: 37155154 PMCID: PMC10449297 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancers originate from a single cell according to Nowell's theory of clonal evolution. The enrichment of the most aggressive clones has been developed and the heterogeneity arises for genomic instability and environmental selection. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a multiple relapse plasma cell cancer generated from bone marrow. Although there were accumulating researches in multiple myeloma pathogenesis, the heterogeneity remains poorly understood. The participants enrolled in this study were 4 EMP+ (EMP, Extramedullary plasmacytoma) and 2 EMP- primarily untreated MM patients. Single cell RNA sequencing and analysis were conducted for the single cell suspension, which was sorted by flow cytometry from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or bone marrow cells. In our research, the results of single cell RNA sequencing show that FAM46C determines MM tumor heterogeneity predicting extramedullary metastasis by influencing RNA stability. Further, we integrated and analyzed 2280 multiple myeloma samples from 7 independent datasets, which uncover that FAM46C mediated tumor heterogeneity predicts poorer survival in multiple myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chaoling Wu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuang Geng
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Changjian Yan
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiannian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-jia Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital West, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhong Pang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuping Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital West, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lyu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abegunde S, Grieve S, Alfarra H, Reiman T. MST1 DOWNREGULATES TAZ TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND IS A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET. Exp Hematol 2023:S0301-472X(23)00170-4. [PMID: 37137439 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that TAZ functions as a tumor suppressor in multiple myeloma. MST1 is a serine-threonine kinase upstream of the Hippo-signaling pathway that functions as a tumor suppressor in many non-haematological malignancies. However, its role in hematological malignancies, including MM is still poorly understood. In this paper, we provide evidence that MST1 expression is higher in MM, and negatively correlates with TAZ expression in both cell lines and patient samples. High MST1 expression was associated with poor clinical outcomes. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of MST1 leads to increased TAZ expression and cell death. Importantly, MST1 inhibitors sensitizes myeloma cells to frontline antimyeloma agent-lenalidomide and dexamethasone. Taken together, our data reveals a key role for MST1 in MM pathogenesis and provide evidence to explore the therapeutic potential of using MST inhibitors to upregulate TAZ expression in MM to promote response to anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Abegunde
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada, E2L 4L5; Dalhousie Medicine NB, Saint John, NB, Canada, E2L 4L5.
| | | | - H Alfarra
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada, E2L 4L5
| | - T Reiman
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada, E2L 4L5; Dalhousie Medicine NB, Saint John, NB, Canada, E2L 4L5; Saint John Regional Hospital, NB, Canada, E2L 4L2.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Stork M, Spicka I, Radocha J, Minarik J, Jelinek T, Jungova A, Pavlicek P, Pospisilova L, Sedlak F, Straub J, Pika T, Knechtova Z, Fidrichova A, Boichuk I, Sevcikova S, Maisnar V, Hajek R, Pour L. Daratumumab with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma patients - real world evidence analysis. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:1501-1511. [PMID: 37088816 PMCID: PMC10182121 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
We performed real world evidence (RWE) analysis of daratumumab, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Dara-Rd) versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) treatment in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients (RRMM). In total, 240 RRMM patients were treated with Dara-Rd from 2016 to 2022 outside of clinical trials in all major Czech hematology centers. As a reference, 531 RRMM patients treated with Rd were evaluated. Patients' data were recorded in the Czech Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies (RMG). Partial response (PR) or better response (ORR) was achieved in significantly more patients in Dara-Rd than in Rd group (91.2% vs. 69.9%; p < 0.001). The median progression free survival (PFS) was 26.9 months in the Dara-Rd and 12.8 months in the Rd group (p < 0.001). Median overall survival (OS) was not reached in the Dara-Rd compared to 27.2 months in the Rd group (p = 0.023). In patients with 1-3 previous treatment lines, there was significant PFS benefit of Dara-Rd compared to Rd (median PFS not reached vs. 13.2 months; p < 0.001). In patients with > 3 previous treatment lines, there was no significant PFS benefit of Dara-Rd treatment (7.8 months vs. 9.9 months; p = 0.874), similarly in patients refractory to PI + IMIDs (11.5 months vs. 9.2 months; p = 0.376). In RWE conditions, the median PFS in RRMM patients treated with Dara-Rd is shorter when compared to clinical trials. In heavily pretreated RRMM patients, efficacy of Dara-Rd treatment is limited; best possible outcomes of Dara-Rd are achieved in minimally pretreated patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stork
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Spicka
- 1st Medical Department - Clinical Department of Hematology of the First Faculty of Medicine, General Teaching Hospital Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Radocha
- 4th Department of Medicine - Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Minarik
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Olomouc, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Jelinek
- Department of Hematooncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Jungova
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Charles University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pavlicek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Frantisek Sedlak
- 1st Medical Department - Clinical Department of Hematology of the First Faculty of Medicine, General Teaching Hospital Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Straub
- 1st Medical Department - Clinical Department of Hematology of the First Faculty of Medicine, General Teaching Hospital Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Pika
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Olomouc, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Knechtova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Fidrichova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivanna Boichuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sabina Sevcikova
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Maisnar
- 4th Department of Medicine - Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hajek
- Department of Hematooncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Pour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nejati R, Amador C, Czader M, Thacker E, Thakkar D, Dave SS, Dogan A, Duffield A, Goodlad JR, Ott G, Wasik MA, Xiao W, Cook JR. Progression of Hodgkin lymphoma and plasma cell neoplasms: Report from the 2021 SH/EAHP Workshop. Am J Clin Pathol 2023:7135990. [PMID: 37085150 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqad023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize cases submitted to the 2021 Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology Workshop under the categories of progression of Hodgkin lymphoma, plasmablastic myeloma, and plasma cell myeloma. METHODS The workshop panel reviewed 20 cases covered in this session. In addition, whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome RNA expression analysis were performed on 10 submitted cases, including 6 Hodgkin lymphoma and 4 plasma neoplasm cases. RESULTS The cases of Hodgkin lymphoma included transformed cases to or from various types of B-cell lymphoma with 1 exception, which had T-cell differentiation. The cases of plasma cell neoplasms included cases with plasmablastic progression, progression to plasma cell leukemia, and secondary B-lymphoblastic leukemia. Gene variants identified by WES included some known to be recurrent in Hodgkin lymphoma and plasma cell neoplasm. All submitted Hodgkin lymphoma samples showed 1 or more of these mutations: SOCS1, FGFR2, KMT2D, RIT1, SPEN, STAT6, TET2, TNFAIP3, and ZNF217. CONCLUSIONS Better molecular characterization of both of these neoplasms and mechanisms of progression will help us to better understand mechanisms of progression and perhaps develop better prognostic models, as well as identifying novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nejati
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Catalina Amador
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Magdalena Czader
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Devang Thakkar
- Department of Medcine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sandeep S Dave
- Department of Medcine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ahmet Dogan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Duffield
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John R Goodlad
- Department of Pathology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - German Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, and Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wenbin Xiao
- Department of Medcine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James R Cook
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Carlisi M, Lo Presti R, Mancuso S, Siragusa S, Caimi G. Calculated Whole Blood Viscosity and Albumin/Fibrinogen Ratio in Patients with a New Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma: Relationships with Some Prognostic Predictors. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030964. [PMID: 36979941 PMCID: PMC10045865 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this single center study, we retrospectively evaluated the calculated hemorheological profile in patients with a new diagnosis of multiple myeloma, with the aim to evaluate possible relationships with some prognostic predictors, such as ISS, albumin levels, beta2-microglobulin, red cell distribution width, and bone marrow plasma cell infiltration. METHODS In a cohort of 190 patients, we examined the calculated blood viscosity using the de Simone formula, and the albumin/fibrinogen ratio as a surrogate of erythrocyte aggregation, and then we related these parameters to prognostic factors, using the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. RESULTS From our analysis, it emerged that the evaluated hemorheological pattern differed in the three isotypes of multiple myeloma, and the whole blood viscosity was higher in IgA and IgG isotypes with respect to the light chain multiple myeloma (p < 0.001). Moreover, we observed that, as the ISS stage progressed, the albumin/fibrinogen ratio was reduced, and the same hemorheological trend was traced in subgroups with lower albumin levels, higher beta2-microglobulin and red cell distribution width RDW values, and in the presence of a greater bone marrow plasma cell infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS Through the changes in blood viscosity in relation to different prognostic factors, this analysis might underline the role of the hemorheological pattern in multiple myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melania Carlisi
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalia Lo Presti
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatrice Mancuso
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Siragusa
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gregorio Caimi
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fonseca R, Arribas M, Wiedmeier-Nutor JE, Kusne YN, González Vélez M, Kosiorek HE, Butterfield RDJ, Kirsch IR, Mikhael JR, Stewart AK, Reeder C, Larsen J, Bergsagel PL, Fonseca R. Integrated analysis of next generation sequencing minimal residual disease (MRD) and PET scan in transplant eligible myeloma patients. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:32. [PMID: 36878906 PMCID: PMC9988896 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Minimal residual disease (MRD) assays allow response assessment in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), and negativity is associated with improved survival outcomes. The role of highly sensitive next generation sequencing (NGS) MRD in combination with functional imaging remains to be validated. We performed a retrospective analysis on MM patients who underwent frontline autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Patients were evaluated at day 100 post-ASCT with NGS-MRD and positron emission tomography (PET-CT). Patients with ≥ 2 MRD measurements were included in a secondary analysis for sequential measurements. 186 patients were included. At day 100, 45 (24.2%) patients achieved MRD negativity at a sensitivity threshold of 10-6. MRD negativity was the most predictive factor for longer time to next treatment (TTNT). Negativity rates did not differ according to MM subtype, R-ISS Stage nor cytogenetic risk. PET-CT and MRD had poor agreement, with high rates of PET-CT negativity in MRD-positive patients. Patients with sustained MRD negativity had longer TTNT, regardless of baseline risk characteristics. Our results show that the ability to measure deeper and sustainable responses distinguishes patients with better outcomes. Achieving MRD negativity was the strongest prognostic marker and could help guide therapy-related decisions and serve as a response marker for clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Fonseca
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mariano Arribas
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Yael N Kusne
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Heidi E Kosiorek
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Ilan R Kirsch
- Translational Medicine, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph R Mikhael
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - A Keith Stewart
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Craig Reeder
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jeremy Larsen
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - P Leif Bergsagel
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rafael Fonseca
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Novel Agents as Main Drivers for Continued Improvement in Survival in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051558. [PMID: 36900349 PMCID: PMC10000382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: New therapeutic strategies have improved the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM), changing the accepted view of this disease from being incurable to treatable. (2) Methods: We studied 1001 patients with MM between 1980 and 2020, grouping patients into ten-year periods by diagnosis 1980-1990, 1991-2000, 2001-2010 and 2011-2020. (3) Results: After 65.1 months of follow-up, the median OS of the cohort was 60.3 months, and OS increased significantly over time: 22.4 months in 1980-1990, 37.4 months in 1991-2000, 61.8 months in 2001-2010 and 103.6 months in 2011-2020 (p < 0.001). Using novel agents in the front-line setting for myeloma patients yielded a significantly better OS than in those treated with conventional therapies, especially when combinations of at least two novel agents were used. The median OS of patients treated with the combination of at least two novel agents in induction was significantly prolonged compared to those treated with a single novel agent or conventional therapy in induction: 143.3 vs. 61.0 vs. 42.2 months (p < 0.001). The improvement was apparent in all patients regardless of age at diagnosis. In addition, 132 (13.2%) patients were long-term survivors (median OS ≥ 10 years). Some independent clinical predictors of long-term survival were identified: ECOG < 1, age at diagnosis ≤ 65 years, non-IgA subtype, ISS-1 and standard-risk cytogenetic. Achieving CR and undergoing ASCT were positively associated with >10 years of survival. (4) Conclusions: The combination of novel agents appears to be the main factor for the improvement in survival in MM, which is becoming a chronic and even curable disease in a subtype of patients without high-risk features.
Collapse
|
37
|
Kalal AA, Meenakshi A, Shetty V, Shetty KP, Krishna R, Shetty RA, Kulkarni NV, Shetty DP. A diagnostic approach to detect cytogenetic heterogeneity and its prognostic significance in multiple myeloma. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1138-1147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
|
38
|
Chen H, Shi H, Zhou N, Yu W, Wu L, Peng R, Wei W, Wang D, Zhou F. Evaluation of the Mayo Additive Staging System in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A real-world analysis. Eur J Haematol 2023; 110:229-235. [PMID: 36366975 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, the Mayo Clinic introduced a new staging system (the Mayo Additive Staging System [MASS]) for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) based on the number of high-risk (HR) abnormalities, including HR IgH translocations, 1q gain/amplification, chromosome 17 abnormalities, International Staging System (ISS)-III, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Patients with 0, 1, or ≥2 HR abnormalities were defined as stage I, II, or III, respectively. We aimed to validate the real-world prognostic value of the MASS. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the cytogenetic and laboratory results of 544 patients with NDMM at a single center. RESULTS Ninety (16.5%) patients had no HR factors (MASS I), 193 (35.5%) had 1 HR factor (MASS II), and 261 (48%) had ≥2 HR factors (MASS III). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) times were 48, 28, and 20 months and 137, 73, and 39 months in the three groups, respectively (p < .001). In the subgroup analysis, patients had different OS outcomes based on the MASS when grouped by age, renal function, or therapeutic regimens. The MASS identified patients with the worst outcomes among those rated revised ISS II. CONCLUSION The MASS system is a reliable risk stratification tool for patients with NDMM in real-world clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haimin Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haotian Shi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Nian Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Wu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Peng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongjiao Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Okayama M, Fujimori K, Sato M, Samata K, Kurita K, Sugiyama H, Suto Y, Iwasaki G, Yamada T, Kiuchi F, Ichikawa D, Matsushita M, Hirao M, Kunieda H, Yamazaki K, Hattori Y. GTN057, a komaroviquinone derivative, induced myeloma cells' death in vivo and inhibited c-MET tyrosine kinase. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9749-9759. [PMID: 36825580 PMCID: PMC10166914 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the development of newly developed drugs, most multiple myeloma (MM) patients with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities such as t(4;14) or del17p relapse at anin early stage of their clinical course. We previously reported that a natural product,komaroviquinone (KQN), isolated from the perennial semi-shrub Dracocephalum komarovi, i.e., komaroviquinone (KQN) and its derivative GTN024 induced the apoptosis of MM cells by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), but both exhibited significant hematological toxicity. Aim of this study is to clarify anti-tumor activity, safety and pharmacokinetics of GTN057, an optimization compound of KQN in vivo. METHODS ICR/SCID xenograft model of KMS11, a t(4;14) translocation-positive MM cell line, was used for in vivo study. Mice pharmacokinetics of GTN057 and the degradation products were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS Herein, our in vitro experiments revealed that GTN057 is much less toxic to normal hematopoietic cells, induced the apoptosis of both MM cell lines andpatient samples, including those with high-risk cytogenetic changes. A xenograft model of a high-risk MM cell line demonstrated that GTN057 significantly delayed the tumor growth with no apparent hematological or systemic toxicities in vivo. The pathological examination of GTN057-treated tumors in vivoshowed revealed apoptosis of MM cells and anti-angiogenesis. In addition to the production of ROS, GTN057 inhibited the downstream signaling of c-MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase a receptor forand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor. Thus, GTN057 is less toxic and is able tomay be a candidate drug for treating MM patients, via multifunctional mechanisms. We have also extensively studied the pharmacologyical analysis of GTN057. The metabolites of GTN057, (e.g.,such as GTN054), may also have anti-tumorantitumor activity. CONCLUSION Natural products or and their derivatives can could be good sources of antineoplastic drugs even for high-risk cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Okayama
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Fujimori
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Sato
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Samata
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koki Kurita
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Sugiyama
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Genji Iwasaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Taketo Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Kiuchi
- Division of Natural Medicines, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiju Ichikawa
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maiko Matsushita
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Hirao
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisako Kunieda
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamazaki
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hattori
- Division of Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Iranijam E, Matin S, Negaresh M. A case of a Young Multiple Myeloma Patient With Poor Prognostic Cytogenetics. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CASE REPORTS 2023; 16:11795476231157245. [PMID: 36814752 PMCID: PMC9940169 DOI: 10.1177/11795476231157245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy and a subtype of plasma cell dyscrasias, which accounts for 13% of all hematologic malignancies. It mainly affects older adults and is diagnosed in only 2% of the young population under the age of 40 years. This report presents a 33-year-old man diagnosed with Multiple myeloma with 4 poor prognostic specifications consisting of amplification of the 1q21, Translocation of t(4;14), deletion of the 6q21 and 13q14, along with decreased chromosome count to 44, X,-Y. Even though the combination of 4 poor prognostic cytogenetics in young patients is rare, he responded significantly to the Bortezomib regimen. He was selected as a candidate for bone marrow transplantation. The treatments get interrupted 2 days after the first session of the fifth cycle due to an undesirable COVID-19 infection. After 20 days, the symptoms return, and paraclinical findings show signs of MM relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Effat Iranijam
- Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology division), Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Somaieh Matin
- Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology division), Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Negaresh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran,Mohammad Negaresh, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kadam Amare P, Nikalje Khasnis S, Hande P, Lele H, Wable N, Kaskar S, Nikam Gujar N, Gardi N, Prabhudesai A, Todi K, Waghole R, Roy P. Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma: Incidence, Prognostic Significance, and Geographic Heterogeneity in Indian and Western Populations. Cytogenet Genome Res 2023; 162:529-540. [PMID: 36780889 PMCID: PMC10534967 DOI: 10.1159/000529191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically complex and heterogeneous neoplasm in which cytogenetics is a major factor playing an important role in the risk stratification of disease. High-risk MM based upon cytogenetic classification includes primary IGH translocations t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), and secondary progressive aberrations such as gain/amp(1q), 1p deletion, del(17p), and hypodiploidy. Several studies have proved that interphase FISH can detect primary as well as secondary cryptic aberrations very efficiently in lowest 5-10% abnormal plasma cell population. The present large-scale study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of cytogenetic abnormalities, to analyse the correlation of conventional karyotyping with FISH, and to seek the geographic heterogeneity in the incidence of primary as well as secondary aberrations in our Indian versus Western populations. We conducted prospective studies of 1,104 patients consecutively referred from the primary, secondary, and tertiary oncology centres from all over India. Interphase FISH was performed on isolated plasma cells. Karyotype analysis was done as per ISCN 2016 and 2020. FISH could detect cytogenetic abnormalities in 67.6% of the cases with an incidence of 59% non-hyperdiploidy. The incidence of IGH translocation was 26% versus literature frequency of 40-50% which was mainly due to a low incidence (6%) of t(11;14) in contrast to 15-20% in other series. Additionally, the association of secondary progressive aberrations in the hyperdiploid group rather than the non-hyperdiploid group in our patients is not a common finding. A biallelic inactivation of TP53 as an ultra-high risk factor was detected in old-aged patients. These observations disclose the novel findings and strongly indicate the racial disparity which leads to geographic heterogeneity. In contrast to FISH, conventional karyotyping could detect MM-related aberrations in 50% of cases, of which 44% revealed highly complex karyotypes with common aberrations of chromosome 1q. Overall, FISH was found to be a novel, easy approach with high success rate and capability of detection of all cytogenetic abnormalities that add valid information for the risk stratification of disease. This, in future, in combination with mutation profile and gene expression profile will help in further refinement of disease and identification of actionable targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Kadam Amare
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | | | - Pranita Hande
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Hrushikesh Lele
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Nishigandha Wable
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Snehal Kaskar
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Nikita Nikam Gujar
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Nilesh Gardi
- ACTREC, Tata Memorial Center, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Aniket Prabhudesai
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Karishma Todi
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Rohit Waghole
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Pritha Roy
- Oncocytogenetics and Oncomolecular Department, Lilac Insights Pvt. Ltd, Navi Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fend F, Dogan A, Cook JR. Plasma cell neoplasms and related entities-evolution in diagnosis and classification. Virchows Arch 2023; 482:163-177. [PMID: 36414803 PMCID: PMC9852202 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cell neoplasms including multiple myeloma (MM) and related terminally differentiated B-cell neoplasms are characterized by secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin and stepwise development from a preneoplastic clonal B and/or plasma cell proliferation called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Diagnosis of these disorders requires integration of clinical, laboratory, and morphological features. While their classification mostly remains unchanged compared to the revised 2016 WHO classification and the 2014 International Myeloma Working Group consensus, some changes in criteria and terminology were proposed in the 2022 International Consensus Classification (ICC) of mature lymphoid neoplasms. MGUS of IgM type is now divided into IgM MGUS of plasma cell type, precursor to the rare IgM MM and characterized by MM-type cytogenetics, lack of clonal B-cells and absence of MYD88 mutation, and IgM MGUS, NOS including the remaining cases. Primary cold agglutinin disease is recognized as a new entity. MM is now formally subdivided into cytogenetic groups, recognizing the importance of genetics for clinical features and prognosis. MM with recurrent genetic abnormalities includes MM with CCND family translocations, MM with MAF family translocations, MM with NSD2 translocation, and MM with hyperdiploidy, with the remaining cases classified as MM, NOS. For diagnosis of localized plasma cell tumors, solitary plasmacytoma of bone, and primary extraosseous plasmacytoma, the importance of excluding minimal bone marrow infiltration by flow cytometry is emphasized. Primary systemic amyloidosis is renamed immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL), and a localized AL amyloidosis is recognized as a distinct entity. This review summarizes the updates on plasma cell neoplasms and related entities proposed in the 2022 ICC. KEY POINTS: • Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma can be diagnosed with lymphoplasmacytic aggregates in trephine biopsies < 10% of cellularity and evidence of clonal B-cells and plasma cells. • IgM MGUS is subdivided into a plasma cell type and a not otherwise specified (NOS) type. • Primary cold agglutinin disease is recognized as a new entity. • The term "multiple myeloma" replaces the term "plasma cell myeloma" used in the 2016 WHO classification. • Multiple myeloma is subdivided into 4 mutually exclusive cytogenetic groups and MM NOS. • Minimal bone marrow infiltration detected by flow cytometry is of major prognostic importance for solitary plasmacytoma of bone and to a lesser extent for primary extraosseous plasmacytoma. • Localized IG light chain amyloidosis is recognized as a separate entity, distinct from systemic immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ahmet Dogan
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - James R. Cook
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
VTd-PACE and VTd-PACE-like regimens are effective salvage therapies in difficult-to-treat relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a single-center experience. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:117-124. [PMID: 36383242 PMCID: PMC9667441 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-05027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although treatment options for multiple myeloma (MM) are rapidly evolving, there still remain difficult-to-treat situations, especially in relapsed and/or refractory (r/r) disease. When modern therapies are exhausted, or emergency treatment is needed for high tumor burden, classic chemotherapy combination regimens like the VTd-PACE regimen and its modifications (PACE-M) may also be beneficial as bridging to subsequent treatment options. This single-center retrospective analysis aimed to investigate the outcome of VTd-PACE and PACE-M salvage therapy in 31 heavily pretreated r/r MM patients. The primary objective was the overall response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives were median progression-free survival (mPFS), median overall survival (mOS), safety, and renal response. Median age was 59 years (range 39-75), and 71% of patients were male. R-ISS stratification showed high-risk MM in 48%. The median number of prior therapies was 3, with 23 patients being triple- and 12 penta-refractory (74% and 39%). ORR was 71%, including 23% of patients achieving a very good partial response. Median duration of follow-up was 15 months (range 0-29 months). mPFS and mOS were 3 months (95% CI 0.27-5.74) and 11 months (95% CI 3.66-18.35), respectively. In 26 patients (83.9%), at least one subsequent treatment (stem cell transplant or BCMA-directed) was administered. Renal function significantly improved after VTd-PACE or PACE-M treatment (p = 0.032). Non-hematological adverse events ≥ grade 3 were predominantly infections. VTd-PACE and PACE-M are effective salvage therapies in difficult-to-treat situations in heavily pre-treated r/r MM, including patients with impaired renal function. VTd-PACE and PACE-M can be successfully used as bridging therapy for subsequent treatment.
Collapse
|
44
|
Tuncel FC, Serin I, Pehlivan S, Oyaci Y, Pehlivan M. Epigenetic and genetic investigation of SOCS-1 gene in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood Res 2022; 57:250-255. [PMID: 36289192 PMCID: PMC9812727 DOI: 10.5045/br.2022.2022097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) functions to induce an appropriate immune response and is an essential physiological regulator of interferon signaling. DNA methylation involves adding a methyl group to the carbon 5 position of cytosine. Besides comparing SOCS-1 gene methylation status between patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and healthy controls, this study also aimed to demonstrate the effect of SOCS-1 gene distribution and the effect of methylation of SOCS-1 on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods This study included 120 patients diagnosed with MM between January 2018 and 2020 and 80 healthy individuals. The distribution of the SOCS-1 genotypes was statistically compared between MM patients and healthy controls. Additionally, the statistically significant effects of these genotypes on survival were examined. Results The CA/CA genotype of SOCS-1 was significantly higher in healthy controls (P=0.001), while the Del/Del genotype was significantly higher in patients with MM (P=0.034). The percent methylated reference (PMR) value of the SOCS-1 gene was significantly higher in the healthy controls (median, 43.48; range, 2.76‒247.75; P=0.001). Patients with a PMR value of ≥43.48 were 3.125 times more likely to develop progression than those with a PMR value of <43.48. Conclusion The effects of SOCS-1 polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatıma Ceren Tuncel
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Istemi Serin
- Department of Hematology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey,Correspondence to Istemi Serin, M.D., Department of Hematology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Org. Nafiz Gurman Cad. Fatih 34098, Istanbul, Turkey, E-mail:
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Oyaci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Pehlivan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
[Multiple myeloma with chromothripsis: three cases report]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:1034-1038. [PMID: 36709110 PMCID: PMC9939327 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
46
|
Du C, Guo D, Zhang Y, Gao C, Bai J. Bioinformatics analysis of the prognostic biomarkers and predictive accuracy of differentially expressed genes in high-risk multiple myeloma based on Gene Expression Omnibus database mining. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1325. [PMID: 36660705 PMCID: PMC9843371 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is still an intractable disease for modern clinical system, and more researches are necessary for development of more effective therapeutic strategies. This study attempted to screen and validates the biomarkers in the progression of MM via excavating Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Identification of a biomarker may help not only facilitate early diagnosis and management but also identify individuals at risk for poor prognosis and development of MM. Methods The mRNA expression profile of the GSE87900 dataset was analyzed by GEO2R. Using the SangerBox online program, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in high-risk MM samples were screened with the filter criteria of P<0.05 and |logFC| >1. The SangerBox online analysis tool was used to analyze the volcano plot. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed for DEGs. Twenty patients with high-risk MM and 20 patients with standard-risk MM from Taian City Central Hospital were included. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify the selected key genes in MM tissues. Results A total of 611 DEGs were obtained. GO functional enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in the DNA replication process at the biological level, and the top DEGs were CACYBP, PCNA, MCM6, SMC1A, DTL, GINS4, MCM2, CDT1, RRM2, BRCA1, RFC5, MCM4, GINS3, GINS1, MCM10, CDC7, CDAN1, BRIP1, GINS2, CDK1, NFIB, and BARD1. The expression of CDC7 and PCNA was significantly different in high-risk MM and standard-risk MM as determined by RT-qPCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the areas under the curve predicted by CDC7 and PCNA were 0.900 and 0.8863, respectively, which allowed the identification of CDC7 and PCNA could be a potential biomarker of MM. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that MM patients with high CDC7 and PCNA expression had shorter 2-year overall survival (OS) (P<0.05). Conclusions CDC7 and PCNA can be used as biomarkers for the prognosis of high-risk MM and evaluate the prognosis of MM patients, which is helpful for guiding the clinical treatment of MM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxiao Du
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongmei Guo
- Department of Hematology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kaloyannidis P, Abdulla F, Mutahar E, Al Hashim H, Al Harbi S, Estanislao A, Al Hashmi H. Risk Assessment for Newly Diagnosed Fit Young Patients with Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Treatment Modalities: Should There Be Additional Factors Taken into Consideration?? J Blood Med 2022; 13:619-630. [PMID: 36317167 PMCID: PMC9617519 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s380133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The optimal treatment for young patients with high-risk newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) remains a challenge. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 58 NDMM patients younger than 55 years treated in our center from 2010 to 2021 with the current recommended protocols. Results After a median follow-up of 48 months, median overall survival (OS) was not reached; however, approximately 25% of them died within 4 years after diagnosis. Advanced disease stage, presence of extramedullary disease, elevated LDH, and less than very good remission before autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation adversely affected patient survival. Based on these factors, we created a risk-assessment scoring system that sufficiently discriminated young NDMM patients at risk of poor outcome. The 4-year OS was superior for patients with zero to two factors to those with three to five factors (86% vs 44%, p<0.001). Conclusion The proposed scoring system could be reliably used at diagnosis and at interim disease evaluation in aiming for personalized treatment for young NDMM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panayotis Kaloyannidis
- Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,Correspondence: Panayotis Kaloyannidis, Adults Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Ammar Bin Thabit Street, Al Muraikabat, Dammam, 31444, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966-330-1174, Fax +966 13 844-2222, Email ;
| | - Fatema Abdulla
- Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Mutahar
- Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haidar Al Hashim
- Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Al Harbi
- Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Analie Estanislao
- Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Al Hashmi
- Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Campo E, Jaffe ES, Cook JR, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Swerdlow SH, Anderson KC, Brousset P, Cerroni L, de Leval L, Dirnhofer S, Dogan A, Feldman AL, Fend F, Friedberg JW, Gaulard P, Ghia P, Horwitz SM, King RL, Salles G, San-Miguel J, Seymour JF, Treon SP, Vose JM, Zucca E, Advani R, Ansell S, Au WY, Barrionuevo C, Bergsagel L, Chan WC, Cohen JI, d'Amore F, Davies A, Falini B, Ghobrial IM, Goodlad JR, Gribben JG, Hsi ED, Kahl BS, Kim WS, Kumar S, LaCasce AS, Laurent C, Lenz G, Leonard JP, Link MP, Lopez-Guillermo A, Mateos MV, Macintyre E, Melnick AM, Morschhauser F, Nakamura S, Narbaitz M, Pavlovsky A, Pileri SA, Piris M, Pro B, Rajkumar V, Rosen ST, Sander B, Sehn L, Shipp MA, Smith SM, Staudt LM, Thieblemont C, Tousseyn T, Wilson WH, Yoshino T, Zinzani PL, Dreyling M, Scott DW, Winter JN, Zelenetz AD. The International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms: a report from the Clinical Advisory Committee. Blood 2022; 140:1229-1253. [PMID: 35653592 PMCID: PMC9479027 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022015851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 545] [Impact Index Per Article: 272.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the publication of the Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms in 1994, subsequent updates of the classification of lymphoid neoplasms have been generated through iterative international efforts to achieve broad consensus among hematopathologists, geneticists, molecular scientists, and clinicians. Significant progress has recently been made in the characterization of malignancies of the immune system, with many new insights provided by genomic studies. They have led to this proposal. We have followed the same process that was successfully used for the third and fourth editions of the World Health Organization Classification of Hematologic Neoplasms. The definition, recommended studies, and criteria for the diagnosis of many entities have been extensively refined. Some categories considered provisional have now been upgraded to definite entities. Terminology for some diseases has been revised to adapt nomenclature to the current knowledge of their biology, but these modifications have been restricted to well-justified situations. Major findings from recent genomic studies have impacted the conceptual framework and diagnostic criteria for many disease entities. These changes will have an impact on optimal clinical management. The conclusions of this work are summarized in this report as the proposed International Consensus Classification of mature lymphoid, histiocytic, and dendritic cell tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Campo
- Haematopathology Section, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigaciones Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine S Jaffe
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - James R Cook
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steven H Swerdlow
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Pierre Brousset
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Lorenzo Cerroni
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ahmet Dogan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Andrew L Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Philippe Gaulard
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Créteil, France
- Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, INSERM U955, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Strategic Research Program on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Steven M Horwitz
- Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Rebecca L King
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gilles Salles
- Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jesus San-Miguel
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, CIBERONC, Pamplona, Spain
| | - John F Seymour
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Julie M Vose
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, and Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Ranjana Advani
- Stanford Cancer Center, Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Stephen Ansell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Wing-Yan Au
- Blood-Med Clinic, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Carlos Barrionuevo
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Leif Bergsagel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Jeffrey I Cohen
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Francesco d'Amore
- Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andrew Davies
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Brunangelo Falini
- Institute of Hematology and Center for Hemato-Oncology Research, Hospital of Perugia, University of Perugia , Perugia, Italy
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - John R Goodlad
- National Health Service Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John G Gribben
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric D Hsi
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Brad S Kahl
- Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Won-Seog Kim
- Hematology and Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shaji Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Camille Laurent
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - John P Leonard
- Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Michael P Link
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Armando Lopez-Guillermo
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Victoria Mateos
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro de Investigación del Cancer, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Macintyre
- Laboratoire d'Onco-Hématologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris Cité and Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Franck Morschhauser
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, University Lille, Lille, France
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Marina Narbaitz
- Department of Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina and Fundacion para combatir la leucemia (FUNDALEU), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Astrid Pavlovsky
- Fundación para Combatir la Leucemia (FUNDALEU), Centro de Hematología Pavlovsky, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stefano A Pileri
- Haematopathology Division, IRCCS, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Miguel Piris
- Jiménez Díaz Foundation University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Pro
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Vincent Rajkumar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Steven T Rosen
- Beckman Research Institute, and Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Birgitta Sander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurie Sehn
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Sonali M Smith
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Louis M Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Catherine Thieblemont
- Service Hémato-Oncologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
- DMU-DHI, Université de Paris-Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Tousseyn
- Department of Pathology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wyndham H Wilson
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tadashi Yoshino
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Pier-Luigi Zinzani
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seragnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martin Dreyling
- Department of Medicine III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - David W Scott
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jane N Winter
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; and
| | - Andrew D Zelenetz
- Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang J, Yang S, Liao P, Zeng L, Ling W, Wan L, Weng J, Zhong L. Incidence and effect of secondary cardiac amyloidosis on outcomes of patients with t(11;14) multiple myeloma. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:994384. [PMID: 36119749 PMCID: PMC9479066 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.994384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe t(11;14)(q13;32) is a common chromosome translocation in multiple myeloma (MM), but its prognostic value remains controversial. Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis is commonly secondary to multiple myeloma, which can rapidly cause heart failure and high mortality. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of secondary cardiac amyloidosis in MM patients with t(11;14) and to evaluate its impact on survival outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively identified 52 MM patients with t(11;14) in our center between October 2015 and April 2022. The associations between cardiac amyloidosis and clinical and biological parameters were statistically analyzed, and the impacts of concomitant of cardiac amyloidosis on survival and prognosis of MM patients with t(11;14) were also assessed.ResultsConcomitant presence of cardiac amyloidosis was observed in 15 (28.8%) of all cases. Patients with cardiac amyloidosis had significantly higher NT-proBNP (p = 0.002) and higher hs-cTnT (p < 0.001), while the patients without cardiac amyloidosis had higher percentage of bone marrow plasma cells (p = 0.027), higher incidence of hemoglobin <80 g/L (p = 0.021) and bone destruction (p < 0.001). The median overall survival (OS) for all patients was 33.4 months after a median follow-up of 23.8 months. The amyloidosis group showed a significantly shorter OS than the non-amyloidosis group (15.3 vs. 41.8 months, p < 0.001). Besides, patients harboring NT-proBNP >1,800 pg/ml (p < 0.001) or hs-cTnT ≧40 pg/ml (p = 0.001) or light chain (LC) only isotype (p = 0.033) had a significantly shorter mean OS compared with patients with lower NT-proBNP or hs-cTnT or other M-protein isotype. Univariate analyses showed that NT-proBNP >1,800 pg/ml, hs-cTnT ≧40 pg/ml, LC only isotype, and concomitant presence of cardiac amyloidosis were independently associated with shorter OS, while NT-proBNP >1,800 pg/ml still retained the prognostic value for OS in multivariate analyses.ConclusionThe t(11;14) MM patients with coexisting cardiac amyloidosis may represent a distinct clinical entity that confers a poor outcome. These findings may have important clinical and biological implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengjun Liao
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingji Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ling
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liye Zhong
| | - Liye Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Jianyu Weng
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dima D, Jiang D, Singh DJ, Hasipek M, Shah HS, Ullah F, Khouri J, Maciejewski JP, Jha BK. Multiple Myeloma Therapy: Emerging Trends and Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174082. [PMID: 36077618 PMCID: PMC9454959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematologic malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow that secrete large amounts of immunoglobulins and other non-functional proteins. Despite decades of progress and several landmark therapeutic advancements, MM remains incurable in most cases. Standard of care frontline therapies have limited durable efficacy, with the majority of patients eventually relapsing, either early or later. Induced drug resistance via up-modulations of signaling cascades that circumvent the effect of drugs and the emergence of genetically heterogeneous sub-clones are the major causes of the relapsed-refractory state of MM. Cytopenias from cumulative treatment toxicity and disease refractoriness limit therapeutic options, hence creating an urgent need for innovative approaches effective against highly heterogeneous myeloma cell populations. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the current and future treatment paradigm of MM, and highlight the gaps in therapeutic translations of recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of emerging preclinical research in multiple myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danai Dima
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Dongxu Jiang
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Divya Jyoti Singh
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Metis Hasipek
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Haikoo S. Shah
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Fauzia Ullah
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jack Khouri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Babal K. Jha
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|