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Pandey G, Mazzacurati L, Rowsell TM, Horvat NP, Amin NE, Zhang G, Akuffo AA, Colin-Leitzinger CM, Haura EB, Kuykendall AT, Zhang L, Epling-Burnette PK, Reuther GW. SHP2 inhibition displays efficacy as a monotherapy and in combination with JAK2 inhibition in preclinical models of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Am J Hematol 2024; 99:1040-1055. [PMID: 38440831 PMCID: PMC11096011 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis, and primary myelofibrosis, are clonal hematopoietic neoplasms driven by mutationally activated signaling by the JAK2 tyrosine kinase. Although JAK2 inhibitors can improve MPN patients' quality of life, they do not induce complete remission as disease-driving cells persistently survive therapy. ERK activation has been highlighted as contributing to JAK2 inhibitor persistent cell survival. As ERK is a component of signaling by activated RAS proteins and by JAK2 activation, we sought to inhibit RAS activation to enhance responses to JAK2 inhibition in preclinical MPN models. We found the SHP2 inhibitor RMC-4550 significantly enhanced growth inhibition of MPN cell lines in combination with the JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, effectively preventing ruxolitinib persistent growth, and the growth and viability of established ruxolitinib persistent cells remained sensitive to SHP2 inhibition. Both SHP2 and JAK2 inhibition diminished cellular RAS-GTP levels, and their concomitant inhibition enhanced ERK inactivation and increased apoptosis. Inhibition of SHP2 inhibited the neoplastic growth of MPN patient hematopoietic progenitor cells and exhibited synergy with ruxolitinib. RMC-4550 antagonized MPN phenotypes and increased survival of an MPN mouse model driven by MPL-W515L. The combination of RMC-4550 and ruxolitinib, which was safe and tolerated in healthy mice, further inhibited disease compared to ruxolitinib monotherapy, including extending survival. Given SHP2 inhibitors are undergoing clinical evaluation in patients with solid tumors, our preclinical findings suggest that SHP2 is a candidate therapeutic target with potential for rapid translation to clinical assessment to improve current targeted therapies for MPN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Pandey
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Lucia Mazzacurati
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Tegan M. Rowsell
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | | | - Narmin E. Amin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Afua A. Akuffo
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | | | - Eric B. Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | | | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | | | - Gary W. Reuther
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
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2
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Sahu P, Mitra A, Ganguly A. Targeting KRAS and SHP2 signaling pathways for immunomodulation and improving treatment outcomes in solid tumors. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 386:167-222. [PMID: 38782499 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Historically, KRAS has been considered 'undruggable' inspite of being one of the most frequently altered oncogenic proteins in solid tumors, primarily due to the paucity of pharmacologically 'druggable' pockets within the mutant isoforms. However, pioneering developments in drug design capable of targeting the mutant KRAS isoforms especially KRASG12C-mutant cancers, have opened the doors for emergence of combination therapies comprising of a plethora of inhibitors targeting different signaling pathways. SHP2 signaling pathway, primarily known for activation of intracellular signaling pathways such as KRAS has come up as a potential target for such combination therapies as it emerged to be the signaling protein connecting KRAS and the immune signaling pathways and providing the link for understanding the overlapping regions of RAS/ERK/MAPK signaling cascade. Thus, SHP2 inhibitors having potent tumoricidal activity as well as role in immunomodulation have generated keen interest in researchers to explore its potential as combination therapy in KRAS mutant solid tumors. However, the excitement with these combination therapies need to overcome challenges thrown up by drug resistance and enhanced toxicity. In this review, we will discuss KRAS and SHP2 signaling pathways and their roles in immunomodulation and regulation of tumor microenvironment and also analyze the positive effects and drawbacks of the different combination therapies targeted at these signaling pathways along with their present and future potential to treat solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sahu
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ankita Mitra
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anirban Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India.
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3
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Chen C, Cheng Y, Lei H, Feng X, Zhang H, Qi L, Wan J, Xu H, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Yang B. SHP2 potentiates anti-PD-1 effectiveness through intervening cell pyroptosis resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115797. [PMID: 37913735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a formidable challenge due to the lack of effective treatment modalities. Immunotherapy stands as a promising therapeutic approach; however, the emergence of drug resistance mechanisms within tumor cells, particularly those targeting apoptosis and pyroptosis, has hampered its clinical efficacy. SHP2 is intricately involved in diverse physiological processes, including immune cell proliferation, infiltration, and tumor progression. Nevertheless, the precise contribution of SHP2 to tumor cell pyroptosis resistance remains inadequately understood. Herein, we demonstrate that SHP2 inhibition hampers the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities of TNBC, accompanied by noticeable alterations in cellular membrane architecture. Mechanistically, we provide evidence that SHP2 depletion triggers the activation of Caspase-1 and GSDMD, resulting in GSDMD-dependent release of LDH, IL-1β, and IL-18. Furthermore, computational analyses and co-localization investigations substantiate the hypothesis that SHP2 may hinder pyroptosis through direct binding to JNK, thereby impeding JNK phosphorylation. Our cellular experiments further corroborate these findings by demonstrating that JNK inhibition rescues pyroptosis induced by SHP2 knockdown. Strikingly, in vivo experiments validate the suppressive impact of SHP2 knockdown on tumor progression via enhanced JNK phosphorylation. Additionally, SHP2 knockdown augments tumor sensitivity to anti-PD-1 therapy, thus reinforcing the pro-pyroptotic effects and inhibiting tumor growth. In summary, our findings elucidate the mechanism by which SHP2 governs TNBC pyroptosis, underscoring the potential of SHP2 inhibition to suppress cell pyroptosis resistance and its utility as an adjunctive agent for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Ximin street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Haoqi Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Lingling Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Jufeng Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Haiying Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Rd, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Ximin street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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4
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Tsubata T. Siglec cis-ligands and their roles in the immune system. Glycobiology 2023; 33:532-544. [PMID: 37154567 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins are a family of membrane molecules primarily expressed in immune cells. Most of them are inhibitory receptors containing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs in the cytoplasmic tail. On the cell surface, sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins are mostly bound by sialylated glycans on membrane molecules expressed in the same cell (cis-ligands). Although ligands of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins are not efficiently identified by conventional methods such as immunoprecipitation, in situ labeling including proximity labeling is useful in identifying both cis-ligands and the sialylated ligands expressed by other cells (trans-ligands) of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins. Interaction of the inhibitory sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins with cis-ligands including both those with and without signaling function modulates the inhibitory activity of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins by multiple different ways. This interaction also modulates signaling function of the cis-ligands. So far, little is known about the role of the interaction between sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins and the cis-ligands. Nonetheless, recent studies showed that the inhibitory activity of CD22 (also known as Siglec-2) is regulated by endogenous ligands, most likely cis-ligands, differentially in resting B cells and those in which B-cell antigen receptor is ligated. This differential regulation plays a role in quality control of signaling-competent B cells and also partial restoration of B-cell antigen receptor signaling in immunodeficient B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tsubata
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
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Kaehler M, Osteresch P, Künstner A, Vieth SJ, Esser D, Möller M, Busch H, Vater I, Spielmann M, Cascorbi I, Nagel I. Clonal evolution in tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistance: lessons from in vitro-models. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1200897. [PMID: 37384296 PMCID: PMC10294234 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1200897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Resistance in anti-cancer treatment is a result of clonal evolution and clonal selection. In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the hematopoietic neoplasm is predominantly caused by the formation of the BCR::ABL1 kinase. Evidently, treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is tremendously successful. It has become the role model of targeted therapy. However, therapy resistance to TKIs leads to loss of molecular remission in about 25% of CML patients being partially due to BCR::ABL1 kinase mutations, while for the remaining cases, various other mechanisms are discussed. Methods Here, we established an in vitro-TKI resistance model against the TKIs imatinib and nilotinib and performed exome sequencing. Results In this model, acquired sequence variants in NRAS, KRAS, PTPN11, and PDGFRB were identified in TKI resistance. The well-known pathogenic NRAS p.(Gln61Lys) variant provided a strong benefit for CML cells under TKI exposure visible by increased cell number (6.2-fold, p < 0.001) and decreased apoptosis (-25%, p < 0.001), proving the functionality of our approach. The transfection of PTPN11 p.(Tyr279Cys) led to increased cell number (1.7-fold, p = 0.03) and proliferation (2.0-fold, p < 0.001) under imatinib treatment. Discussion Our data demonstrate that our in vitro-model can be used to study the effect of specific variants on TKI resistance and to identify new driver mutations and genes playing a role in TKI resistance. The established pipeline can be used to study candidates acquired in TKI-resistant patients, thereby providing new options for the development of new therapy strategies to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Kaehler
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Pia Osteresch
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stella Juliane Vieth
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Esser
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marius Möller
- Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inga Vater
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingolf Cascorbi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Inga Nagel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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6
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Chetverina D, Vorobyeva NE, Gyorffy B, Shtil AA, Erokhin M. Analyses of Genes Critical to Tumor Survival Reveal Potential 'Supertargets': Focus on Transcription. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113042. [PMID: 37297004 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of mechanisms that underlie the biology of individual tumors is aimed at the development of personalized treatment strategies. Herein, we performed a comprehensive search of genes (termed Supertargets) vital for tumors of particular tissue origin. In so doing, we used the DepMap database portal that encompasses a broad panel of cell lines with individual genes knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. For each of the 27 tumor types, we revealed the top five genes whose deletion was lethal in the particular case, indicating both known and unknown Supertargets. Most importantly, the majority of Supertargets (41%) were represented by DNA-binding transcription factors. RNAseq data analysis demonstrated that a subset of Supertargets was deregulated in clinical tumor samples but not in the respective non-malignant tissues. These results point to transcriptional mechanisms as key regulators of cell survival in specific tumors. Targeted inactivation of these factors emerges as a straightforward approach to optimize therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Chetverina
- Group of Epigenetics, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Nadezhda E Vorobyeva
- Group of Dynamics of Transcriptional Complexes, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Balazs Gyorffy
- Departments of Bioinformatics and Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexander A Shtil
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Maksim Erokhin
- Group of Chromatin Biology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
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7
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Cai J, Jacob S, Kurupi R, Dalton KM, Coon C, Greninger P, Egan RK, Stein GT, Murchie E, McClanaghan J, Adachi Y, Hirade K, Dozmorov M, Glod J, Boikos SA, Ebi H, Hao H, Caponigro G, Benes CH, Faber AC. High-risk neuroblastoma with NF1 loss of function is targetable using SHP2 inhibition. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111095. [PMID: 35905710 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Reoccurring/high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) tumors have the enrichment of non-RAS/RAF mutations along the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, suggesting that activation of MEK/ERK is critical for their survival. However, based on preclinical data, MEK inhibitors are unlikely to be active in NB and have demonstrated dose-limiting toxicities that limit their use. Here, we explore an alternative way to target the MAPK pathway in high-risk NB. We find that NB models are among the most sensitive among over 900 tumor-derived cell lines to the allosteric SHP2 inhibitor SHP099. Sensitivity to SHP099 in NB is greater in models with loss or low expression of the RAS GTPase activation protein (GAP) neurofibromin 1 (NF1). Furthermore, NF1 is lower in advanced and relapsed NB and NF1 loss is enriched in high-risk NB tumors regardless of MYCN status. SHP2 inhibition consistently blocks tumor growth in high-risk NB mouse models, revealing a new drug target in relapsed NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Cai
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Sheeba Jacob
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Richard Kurupi
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Krista M Dalton
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Colin Coon
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Patricia Greninger
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Regina K Egan
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Giovanna T Stein
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ellen Murchie
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Joseph McClanaghan
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yuta Adachi
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hirade
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Mikhail Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - John Glod
- National Cancer Institute, Pediatric Branch, Oncology, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sosipatros A Boikos
- Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Hiromichi Ebi
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Huaixiang Hao
- Novartis Institute for Biological Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Giordano Caponigro
- Novartis Institute for Biological Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Cyril H Benes
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Anthony C Faber
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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Proteomic analysis reveals dual requirement for Grb2 and PLCγ1 interactions for BCR-FGFR1-Driven 8p11 cell proliferation. Oncotarget 2022; 13:659-676. [PMID: 35574218 PMCID: PMC9093983 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Translocation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) often leads to aberrant cell proliferation and cancer. The BCR-FGFR1 fusion protein, created by chromosomal translocation t(8;22)(p11;q11), contains Breakpoint Cluster Region (BCR) joined to Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1). BCR-FGFR1 represents a significant driver of 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome, or stem cell leukemia/lymphoma, which progresses to acute myeloid leukemia or T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. Mutations were introduced at Y177F, the binding site for adapter protein Grb2 within BCR; and at Y766F, the binding site for the membrane associated enzyme PLCγ1 within FGFR1. We examined anchorage-independent cell growth, overall cell proliferation using hematopoietic cells, and activation of downstream signaling pathways. BCR-FGFR1-induced changes in protein phosphorylation, binding partners, and signaling pathways were dissected using quantitative proteomics to interrogate the protein interactome, the phosphoproteome, and the interactome of BCR-FGFR1. The effects on BCR-FGFR1-stimulated cell proliferation were examined using the PLCγ1 inhibitor U73122, and the irreversible FGFR inhibitor futibatinib (TAS-120), both of which demonstrated efficacy. An absolute requirement is demonstrated for the dual binding partners Grb2 and PLCγ1 in BCR-FGFR1-driven cell proliferation, and new proteins such as ECSIT, USP15, GPR89, GAB1, and PTPN11 are identified as key effectors for hematopoietic transformation by BCR-FGFR1.
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Kanumuri R, Pasupuleti SK, Burns SS, Ramdas B, Kapur R. Targeting SHP2 phosphatase in hematological malignancies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:319-332. [PMID: 35503226 PMCID: PMC9239432 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2066518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Src homology-2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a ubiquitously expressed, non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase encoded by the PTPN11 gene. Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in PTPN11 are associated with the development of various hematological malignancies and Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NS-ML). Preclinical studies performed with allosteric SHP2 inhibitors and combination treatments of SHP2 inhibitors with inhibitors of downstream regulators (such as MEK, ERK, and PD-1/PD-L1) demonstrate improved antitumor benefits. However, the development of novel SHP2 inhibitors is necessary to improve the therapeutic strategies for hematological malignancies and tackle drug resistance and disease relapse. AREAS COVERED This review examines the structure of SHP2, its function in various signaling cascades, the consequences of constitutive activation of SHP2 and potential therapeutic strategies to treat SHP2-driven hematological malignancies. EXPERT OPINION While SHP2 inhibitors have exhibited promise in preclinical trials, numerous challenges remain in translation to the clinic, including drug resistance. Although PROTAC-based SHP2 degraders show better efficacy than SHP2 inhibitors, novel strategies need to be designed to improve SHP2-specific therapies in hematologic malignancies. Genome-wide CRISPR screening should also be used to identify molecules that confer resistance to SHP2 inhibitors. Targeting these molecules together with SHP2 can increase the target specificity and reduce drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kanumuri
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Santhosh Kumar Pasupuleti
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sarah S Burns
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Baskar Ramdas
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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10
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Chou YT, Bivona TG. Inhibition of SHP2 as an approach to block RAS-driven cancers. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 153:205-236. [PMID: 35101231 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 (encoded by PTPN11) is a critical component of RAS/MAPK signaling by acting upstream of RAS to promote oncogenic signaling and tumor growth. Over three decades, SHP2 was considered "undruggable" because enzymatic active-site inhibitors generally showed off-target inhibition of other proteins and low membrane permeability. More recently, allosteric SHP2 inhibitors with striking inhibitory potency have been developed. These small molecules effectively block the signal transduction between receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and RAS/MAPK signaling and show efficacy in preclinical cancer models. Moreover, clinical evaluation of these allosteric SHP2 inhibitors is ongoing. RAS proteins which harbor transforming properties by gain-of-function mutations are present in various cancer types. While inhibitors of KRASG12C show early clinical promise, resistance remains a challenge and other forms of oncogenic RAS remain to be selectively inhibited. Here, we summarize the role of SHP2 in RAS-driven cancers and the therapeutic potential of allosteric SHP2 inhibitors as a strategy to block RAS-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, and The Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, and The Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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11
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Hyun S, Shin D. Small-Molecule Inhibitors and Degraders Targeting KRAS-Driven Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212142. [PMID: 34830024 PMCID: PMC8621880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance continues to be a major problem associated with cancer treatment. One of the primary causes of anticancer drug resistance is the frequently mutated RAS gene. In particular, considerable efforts have been made to treat KRAS-induced cancers by directly and indirectly controlling the activity of KRAS. However, the RAS protein is still one of the most prominent targets for drugs in cancer treatment. Recently, novel targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategies, such as proteolysis-targeting chimeras, have been developed to render "undruggable" targets druggable and overcome drug resistance and mutation problems. In this study, we discuss small-molecule inhibitors, TPD-based small-molecule chemicals for targeting RAS pathway proteins, and their potential applications for treating KRAS-mutant cancers. Novel TPD strategies are expected to serve as promising therapeutic methods for treating tumor patients with KRAS mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonsil Hyun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 194-21 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Korea;
| | - Dongyun Shin
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence:
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12
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Kambaru A, Chaudhary N. Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase in Regulation of Cell Signaling Cascades Affecting Tumor Cell Growth: A Future Perspective as Anti- Cancer Drug Target. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:920-931. [PMID: 34375185 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210810094739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) superfamily is a key enzyme involved in the regulation of growth-related cell signaling cascades, such as the RAS/MAPK pathway, that directly affect cancer cell growth and metastasis. Several studies have indicated that the drug resistance observed in several late-stage tumors might also be affected by the levels of PTP in the cell. Hence, these phosphatases have been in the limelight for the past few decades as potential drug-targets and several promising drug candidates have been developed, even though none of these drugs have reached the market yet. In this review, we explore the potential of PTP as a viable anti-cancer drug target by studying PTPs, their regulation of several key cancer cell signaling pathways and how their levels affect various types of cancer. Furthermore, we present the current scenario of PTP as a molecular target and the various challenges faced in the development of PTP-targeting anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhee Chaudhary
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
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13
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Yu M, Xu C, Zhang H, Lun J, Wang L, Zhang G, Fang J. The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 promotes proliferation and oxaliplatin resistance of colon cancer cells through AKT and ERK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 563:1-7. [PMID: 34052504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The SH2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a widely expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase, and it is proposed to act as an oncogenic protein. SHP2 is also engaged in drug resistance of a variety of cancers. However, the role of SHP2 in the proliferation and drug resistance of colon cancer cells remains elusive. In this work we determined the effect of SHP2 expression on colon cancer cell proliferation and resistance to oxaliplatin (L-OHP), a commonly used drug in the clinic. Our results show that knockdown of SHP2 decreased and overexpression of SHP2 increased the proliferation of SW480 cells, respectively. Knockdown of SHP2 increased, and overexpression of SHP2 decreased apoptosis of the cells. We selected oxaliplatin-resistant SW480(SW480/L-OHP) and HCT116(HCT116/L-OHP) cells and found that the SHP2 protein level was raised in these drug-resistant cells. The upregulated SHP2 contributed to oxaliplatin resistance of the cells, as knockdown of SHP2 decreased the IC50 of oxaliplatin and abated proliferation and survival of SW480/L-OHP and HCT116/L-OHP cells in the presence of oxaliplatin. Also, SW480/L-OHP and HCT116/L-OHP cells had increased phosphorylation of AKT and ERK. Inhibition of AKT, ERK, or SHP2 sensitized SW480/L-OHP and HCT116/L-OHP cells to oxaliplatin. Our results indicate that SHP2 contributes oxaliplatin resistance through AKT and ERK. These results also suggest that SHP2-targeting is a potential strategy for overcoming oxaliplatin resistance of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao Yu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Chengzhen Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jie Lun
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China.
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14
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Current Views on the Interplay between Tyrosine Kinases and Phosphatases in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102311. [PMID: 34065882 PMCID: PMC8151247 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The chromosomal alteration t(9;22) generating the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein represents the principal feature that distinguishes some types of leukemia. An increasing number of articles have focused the attention on the relevance of protein phosphatases and their potential role in the control of BCR-ABL1-dependent or -independent signaling in different areas related to the biology of chronic myeloid leukemia. Herein, we discuss how tyrosine and serine/threonine protein phosphatases may interact with protein kinases, in order to regulate proliferative signal cascades, quiescence and self-renewals on leukemic stem cells, and drug-resistance, indicating how BCR-ABL1 can (directly or indirectly) affect these critical cells behaviors. We provide an updated review of the literature on the function of protein phosphatases and their regulation mechanism in chronic myeloid leukemia. Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by BCR-ABL1 oncogene expression. This dysregulated protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) is known as the principal driver of the disease and is targeted by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Extensive documentation has elucidated how the transformation of malignant cells is characterized by multiple genetic/epigenetic changes leading to the loss of tumor-suppressor genes function or proto-oncogenes expression. The impairment of adequate levels of substrates phosphorylation, thus affecting the balance PTKs and protein phosphatases (PPs), represents a well-established cellular mechanism to escape from self-limiting signals. In this review, we focus our attention on the characterization of and interactions between PTKs and PPs, emphasizing their biological roles in disease expansion, the regulation of LSCs and TKI resistance. We decided to separate those PPs that have been validated in primary cell models or leukemia mouse models from those whose studies have been performed only in cell lines (and, thus, require validation), as there may be differences in the manner that the associated pathways are modified under these two conditions. This review summarizes the roles of diverse PPs, with hope that better knowledge of the interplay among phosphatases and kinases will eventually result in a better understanding of this disease and contribute to its eradication.
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15
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Gu SS, Zhang W, Wang X, Jiang P, Traugh N, Li Z, Meyer C, Stewig B, Xie Y, Bu X, Manos MP, Font-Tello A, Gjini E, Lako A, Lim K, Conway J, Tewari AK, Zeng Z, Sahu AD, Tokheim C, Weirather JL, Fu J, Zhang Y, Kroger B, Liang JH, Cejas P, Freeman GJ, Rodig S, Long HW, Gewurz BE, Hodi FS, Brown M, Liu XS. Therapeutically Increasing MHC-I Expression Potentiates Immune Checkpoint Blockade. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:1524-1541. [PMID: 33589424 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy revolutionized cancer treatment, but many patients with impaired MHC-I expression remain refractory. Here, we combined FACS-based genome-wide CRISPR screens with a data-mining approach to identify drugs that can upregulate MHC-I without inducing PD-L1. CRISPR screening identified TRAF3, a suppressor of the NFκB pathway, as a negative regulator of MHC-I but not PD-L1. The Traf3-knockout gene expression signature is associated with better survival in ICB-naïve patients with cancer and better ICB response. We then screened for drugs with similar transcriptional effects as this signature and identified Second Mitochondria-derived Activator of Caspase (SMAC) mimetics. We experimentally validated that the SMAC mimetic birinapant upregulates MHC-I, sensitizes cancer cells to T cell-dependent killing, and adds to ICB efficacy. Our findings provide preclinical rationale for treating tumors expressing low MHC-I expression with SMAC mimetics to enhance sensitivity to immunotherapy. The approach used in this study can be generalized to identify other drugs that enhance immunotherapy efficacy. SIGNIFICANCE: MHC-I loss or downregulation in cancer cells is a major mechanism of resistance to T cell-based immunotherapies. Our study reveals that birinapant may be used for patients with low baseline MHC-I to enhance ICB response. This represents promising immunotherapy opportunities given the biosafety profile of birinapant from multiple clinical trials.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1307.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqing Stan Gu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wubing Zhang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peng Jiang
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nicole Traugh
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Clifford Meyer
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Blair Stewig
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yingtian Xie
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xia Bu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael P Manos
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alba Font-Tello
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Evisa Gjini
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana Lako
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Klothilda Lim
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jake Conway
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alok K Tewari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zexian Zeng
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Avinash Das Sahu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Collin Tokheim
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason L Weirather
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jingxin Fu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin Kroger
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jin Hua Liang
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paloma Cejas
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott Rodig
- Department of Pathologic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Henry W Long
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin E Gewurz
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Myles Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - X Shirley Liu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Emerging molecular subtypes and therapeutic targets in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Med 2021; 15:347-371. [PMID: 33400146 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) is characterized by genetic alterations with high heterogeneity. Precise subtypes with distinct genomic and/or gene expression patterns have been recently revealed using high-throughput sequencing technology. Most of these profiles are associated with recurrent non-overlapping rearrangements or hotspot point mutations that are analogous to the established subtypes, such as DUX4 rearrangements, MEF2D rearrangements, ZNF384/ZNF362 rearrangements, NUTM1 rearrangements, BCL2/MYC and/or BCL6 rearrangements, ETV6-RUNX1-like gene expression, PAX5alt (diverse PAX5 alterations, including rearrangements, intragenic amplifications, or mutations), and hotspot mutations PAX5 (p.Pro80Arg) with biallelic PAX5 alterations, IKZF1 (p.Asn159Tyr), and ZEB2 (p.His1038Arg). These molecular subtypes could be classified by gene expression patterns with RNA-seq technology. Refined molecular classification greatly improved the treatment strategy. Multiagent therapy regimens, including target inhibitors (e.g., imatinib), immunomodulators, monoclonal antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, are transforming the clinical practice from chemotherapy drugs to personalized medicine in the field of risk-directed disease management. We provide an update on our knowledge of emerging molecular subtypes and therapeutic targets in BCP-ALL.
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17
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Song Z, Wang M, Ge Y, Chen XP, Xu Z, Sun Y, Xiong XF. Tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 inhibitors in tumor-targeted therapies. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:13-29. [PMID: 33532178 PMCID: PMC7838030 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Src homology containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) represents a noteworthy target for various diseases, serving as a well-known oncogenic phosphatase in cancers. As a result of the low cell permeability and poor bioavailability, the traditional inhibitors targeting the protein tyrosine phosphate catalytic sites are generally suffered from unsatisfactory applied efficacy. Recently, a particularly large number of allosteric inhibitors with striking inhibitory potency on SHP2 have been identified. In particular, few clinical trials conducted have made significant progress on solid tumors by using SHP2 allosteric inhibitors. This review summarizes the development and structure–activity relationship studies of the small-molecule SHP2 inhibitors for tumor therapies, with the purpose of assisting the future development of SHP2 inhibitors with improved selectivity, higher oral bioavailability and better physicochemical properties.
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Key Words
- ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase
- AML, acute myeloid leukemia
- Allosteric inhibitor
- B-ALL, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- BTLA, B and T lymphocyte attenuator
- CADD, computer aided drug design
- CSF-1, colony stimulating factor-1
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ERK1/2, extracelluar signal-regulated kinase 1/2
- FLT3, Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3
- GAB2, Grb2-associated binding protein-2
- GRB2, growth factor receptor-bound protein 2
- HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2
- HGF/SF, hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor
- JAK, Janus kinase
- KRAS, v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- NLRP3, NLR family, pyrin domain containing protein 3
- PD-1/PDL-1, programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death ligand-1
- PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- PDX, patient-derived xenograft
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase
- PTK, protein tyrosine kinase
- PTP, protein tyrosine phosphatase
- Phosphatase
- RAS, rat sarcoma protein
- RTKs, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors
- SAR, structure–activity relationship
- SBDD, structure-based drug design
- SCC, squamous cell carcinoma
- SCNA, somatic copy number change
- SHP2
- SHP2, Src homology containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2
- STAT, signal transducers and activators of transcription
- Selectivity
- TIGIT, T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain protein
- TKIs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors
- Tumor therapy
- hERG, human ether-a-go-go-related gene
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Song
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meijing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Ge
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xue-Ping Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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18
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Sun Y, Meyers BA, Czako B, Leonard P, Mseeh F, Harris AL, Wu Q, Johnson S, Parker CA, Cross JB, Di Francesco ME, Bivona BJ, Bristow CA, Burke JP, Carrillo CC, Carroll CL, Chang Q, Feng N, Gao G, Gera S, Giuliani V, Huang JK, Jiang Y, Kang Z, Kovacs JJ, Liu CY, Lopez AM, Ma X, Mandal PK, McAfoos T, Miller MA, Mullinax RA, Peoples M, Ramamoorthy V, Seth S, Spencer ND, Suzuki E, Williams CC, Yu SS, Zuniga AM, Draetta GF, Marszalek JR, Heffernan TP, Kohl NE, Jones P. Allosteric SHP2 Inhibitor, IACS-13909, Overcomes EGFR-Dependent and EGFR-Independent Resistance Mechanisms toward Osimertinib. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4840-4853. [PMID: 32928921 PMCID: PMC11106563 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP2) is a phosphatase that mediates signaling downstream of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and is required for full activation of the MAPK pathway. SHP2 inhibition has demonstrated tumor growth inhibition in RTK-activated cancers in preclinical studies. The long-term effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as the EGFR inhibitor (EGFRi), osimertinib, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited by acquired resistance. Multiple clinically identified mechanisms underlie resistance to osimertinib, including mutations in EGFR that preclude drug binding as well as EGFR-independent activation of the MAPK pathway through alternate RTK (RTK-bypass). It has also been noted that frequently a tumor from a single patient harbors more than one resistance mechanism, and the plasticity between multiple resistance mechanisms could restrict the effectiveness of therapies targeting a single node of the oncogenic signaling network. Here, we report the discovery of IACS-13909, a specific and potent allosteric inhibitor of SHP2, that suppresses signaling through the MAPK pathway. IACS-13909 potently impeded proliferation of tumors harboring a broad spectrum of activated RTKs as the oncogenic driver. In EGFR-mutant osimertinib-resistant NSCLC models with EGFR-dependent and EGFR-independent resistance mechanisms, IACS-13909, administered as a single agent or in combination with osimertinib, potently suppressed tumor cell proliferation in vitro and caused tumor regression in vivo. Together, our findings provide preclinical evidence for using a SHP2 inhibitor as a therapeutic strategy in acquired EGFRi-resistant NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings highlight the discovery of IACS-13909 as a potent, selective inhibitor of SHP2 with drug-like properties, and targeting SHP2 may serve as a therapeutic strategy to overcome tumor resistance to osimertinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Brooke A Meyers
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Barbara Czako
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul Leonard
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Faika Mseeh
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Angela L Harris
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qi Wu
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sarah Johnson
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Connor A Parker
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jason B Cross
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria Emilia Di Francesco
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Benjamin J Bivona
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher A Bristow
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jason P Burke
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Caroline C Carrillo
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher L Carroll
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qing Chang
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ningping Feng
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Guang Gao
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sonal Gera
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Virginia Giuliani
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Justin K Huang
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yongying Jiang
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhijun Kang
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffrey J Kovacs
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chiu-Yi Liu
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anastasia M Lopez
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pijus K Mandal
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy McAfoos
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Meredith A Miller
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert A Mullinax
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael Peoples
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Vandhana Ramamoorthy
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sahil Seth
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nakia D Spencer
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Erika Suzuki
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher C Williams
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Simon S Yu
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andy M Zuniga
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Giulio F Draetta
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph R Marszalek
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy P Heffernan
- TRACTION - Translational Research to AdvanCe Therapeutics and Innovation in ONcology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Philip Jones
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science (IACS), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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19
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Zeng P, Schmaier A. Ponatinib and other CML Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186556. [PMID: 32911643 PMCID: PMC7555546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abl1 kinase has important biological roles. The Bcr-Abl1 fusion protein creates undesired kinase activity and is pathogenic in 95% of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and 30% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Targeted therapies to these diseases are tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The extent of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor’s targets determines the degree of biologic effects of the agent that may influence the well-being of the patient. This fact is especially true with tyrosine kinase inhibitor effects on the cardiovascular system. Thirty-one percent of ponatinib-treated patients, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor with the broadest inhibitory spectrum, have thrombosis associated with its use. Recent experimental investigations have indicated the mechanisms of ponatinib-associated thrombosis. Further, an antidote to ponatinib is in development by re-purposing an FDA-approved medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Alvin Schmaier
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-368-0796; Fax: +1-216-368-3014
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20
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Oberlick EM, Rees MG, Seashore-Ludlow B, Vazquez F, Nelson GM, Dharia NV, Weir BA, Tsherniak A, Ghandi M, Krill-Burger JM, Meyers RM, Wang X, Montgomery P, Root DE, Bieber JM, Radko S, Cheah JH, Hon CSY, Shamji AF, Clemons PA, Park PJ, Dyer MA, Golub TR, Stegmaier K, Hahn WC, Stewart EA, Schreiber SL, Roberts CWM. Small-Molecule and CRISPR Screening Converge to Reveal Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Dependencies in Pediatric Rhabdoid Tumors. Cell Rep 2020; 28:2331-2344.e8. [PMID: 31461650 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is often seen as a disease of mutations and chromosomal abnormalities. However, some cancers, including pediatric rhabdoid tumors (RTs), lack recurrent alterations targetable by current drugs and need alternative, informed therapeutic options. To nominate potential targets, we performed a high-throughput small-molecule screen complemented by a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 gene-knockout screen in a large number of RT and control cell lines. These approaches converged to reveal several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) as therapeutic targets, with RTK inhibition effective in suppressing RT cell growth in vitro and against a xenograft model in vivo. RT cell lines highly express and activate (phosphorylate) different RTKs, creating dependency without mutation or amplification. Downstream of RTK signaling, we identified PTPN11, encoding the pro-growth signaling protein SHP2, as a shared dependency across all RT cell lines. This study demonstrates that large-scale perturbational screening can uncover vulnerabilities in cancers with "quiet" genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Oberlick
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Brinton Seashore-Ludlow
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Geoffrey M Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Neekesh V Dharia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sandi Radko
- Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter J Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael A Dyer
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William C Hahn
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Stewart
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Charles W M Roberts
- Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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21
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Li L, Xu X, Du Y, Zhang M, Feng Y, Qian X, Li S, Du T, Peng X, Chen F. ATPR induces acute promyelocytic leukemia cells differentiation and growth arrest by blockade of SHP2/Rho/ROCK1 pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 399:115053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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22
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Yu K, Yin Y, Ma D, Lu T, Wei D, Xiong J, Zhou Z, Zhang T, Zhang S, Fang Q, Wang J. Shp2 activation in bone marrow microenvironment mediates the drug resistance of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through enhancing the role of VCAM-1/VLA-4. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106008. [PMID: 31978797 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is immune to the chemotherapy-induced apoptosis as a result of the protection of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). However, the precise underlying mechanism of such protection remains unclear so far. In this experiment, protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (Shp2), which was encoded by the PTPN11 gene, was highly expressed in BMSCs of the newly diagnosed and the recurrent B-ALL patients. The plasmid-induced (including Shp2 E76K) Shp2 activation in BMSCs (Shp2-activated BMSCs) markedly increased the BMSCs-mediated resistance of leukemia cells both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, studies in vitro suggested that, the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) was markedly up-regulated in Shp2-activated BMSCs, and VCAM-1 expression in BMSCs of B-ALL patients was negatively correlated with Shp2 expression. Down-regulation of VCAM-1 in BMSCs using siRNA reversed the resistance of CCRF-SB cells mediated by the Shp2-activated BMSCs. As for the molecular mechanism, the PI3K/AKT pathway mediated the regulation of VCAM-1 by Shp2. Blocking the very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) by antibodies in CCRF-SB cells dramatically reversed the resistance of CCRF-SB cells mediated by the Shp2-activated BMSCs, and decreased the adhesion effects of both CCRF-SB cells and BMSCs. In conclusion, Shp2 activation in BMSCs up-regulates VCAM-1 expression through increasing the PI3K/AKT phosphorylation level, and targeting the VCAM-1/VLA-4 signaling may serve as a clinically relevant mechanism to overcome the BMSCs-mediated chemoresistance of B-ALL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlin Yu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Danna Wei
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Tianzhuo Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Jishi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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23
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Chong Y, Liu Y, Lu S, Cai B, Qin H, Chang CS, Ren M, Cowell JK, Hu T. Critical individual roles of the BCR and FGFR1 kinase domains in BCR-FGFR1-driven stem cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:2243-2254. [PMID: 31525277 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive activation of FGFR1, as a result of diverse chromosome translocations, is the hallmark of stem cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome. The BCR-FGFR1 variant is unique in that the BCR component contributes a serine-threonine kinase (STK) to the N-terminal end of the chimeric FGFR1 kinase. We have deleted the STK domain and mutated the critical Y177 residue and demonstrate that the transforming activity of these mutated genes is reduced compared to the BCR-FGFR1 parental kinase. In addition, we demonstrate that deletion of the FGFR1 tyrosine kinase domain abrogates transforming ability, which is not compensated for by BCR STK activity. Unbiased screening for proteins that are inactivated as a result of loss of the BCR STK identified activated S6 kinase and SHP2 kinase. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of SHP2 function in SCLL cells expressing BCR-FGFR1 in vitro leads to reduced viability and increased apoptosis. In vivo treatment of SCLL in mice with SHP099 leads to suppression of leukemogenesis, supporting an important role for SHP2 in FGFR1-driven leukemogenesis. In combination with the BGJ398 FGFR1 inhibitor, cell viability in vitro is further suppressed and acts synergistically with SHP099 in vivo suggesting a potential combined targeted therapy option in this subtype of SCLL disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Liu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA.,Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Sumin Lu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA
| | - Baohuan Cai
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA.,Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
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24
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Soluble SLAMF7 promotes the growth of myeloma cells via homophilic interaction with surface SLAMF7. Leukemia 2019; 34:180-195. [PMID: 31358854 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SLAMF7 is expressed mainly on multiple myeloma (MM) cells and considered an ideal target for immunotherapeutic approaches. Indeed, elotuzumab, an anti-SLAMF7 antibody, is used for the treatment of MM in combination with immunomodulatory drugs. SLAMF7 is cleaved via unknown mechanisms and detected as a soluble form (sSLAMF7) exclusively in the serum of MM patients; however, little is known about the role of sSLAMF7 in MM biology. In this study, we found that sSLAMF7 enhanced the growth of MM cells via homophilic interaction with surface SLAMF7 and subsequent activation of the SHP-2 and ERK signaling pathways. Elotuzumab suppressed sSLAMF7-induced MM cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Promoter analyses identified IKZF1 (Ikaros) as a pivotal transcriptional activator of the SLAMF7 gene. Pharmacological targeting of Ikaros by lenalidomide and its analog pomalidomide downregulated SLAMF7 expression and ameliorated the response of MM cells to sSLAMF7. Elotuzumab blocked the growth-promoting function of sSLAMF7 when combined with lenalidomide in a murine xenograft model. Neutralization of sSLAMF7 is a novel antimyeloma mechanism of elotuzumab, which is enhanced by immunomodulatory drugs via downregulation of surface SLAMF7 expression on MM cells. These findings may provide important information for the optimal use of elotuzumab in MM treatment.
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25
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Trojani A, Pungolino E, Dal Molin A, Lodola M, Rossi G, D’Adda M, Perego A, Elena C, Turrini M, Borin L, Bucelli C, Malato S, Carraro MC, Spina F, Latargia ML, Artale S, Spedini P, Anghilieri M, Di Camillo B, Baruzzo G, De Canal G, Iurlo A, Morra E, Cairoli R. Nilotinib interferes with cell cycle, ABC transporters and JAK-STAT signaling pathway in CD34+/lin- cells of patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after 12 months of treatment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218444. [PMID: 31318870 PMCID: PMC6638825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of the oncoprotein BCR-ABL1 in myeloid progenitor cells that activates multiple signal transduction pathways leading to the leukemic phenotype. The tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) nilotinib inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of BCR-ABL1 in CML patients. Despite the success of nilotinib treatment in patients with chronic-phase (CP) CML, a population of Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) quiescent stem cells escapes the drug activity and can lead to drug resistance. The molecular mechanism by which these quiescent cells remain insensitive is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression profiling (GEP) of bone marrow (BM) CD34+/lin- cells from CP-CML patients at diagnosis and after 12 months of nilotinib treatment by microarray, in order to identify gene expression changes and the dysregulation of pathways due to nilotinib action. We selected BM CD34+/lin- cells from 78 CP-CML patients at diagnosis and after 12 months of first-line nilotinib therapy and microarray analysis was performed. GEP bioinformatic analyses identified 2,959 differently expressed probes and functional clustering determined some significantly enriched pathways between diagnosis and 12 months of nilotinib treatment. Among these pathways, we observed the under expression of 26 genes encoding proteins belonging to the cell cycle after 12 months of nilotinib treatment which led to the up-regulation of chromosome replication, cell proliferation, DNA replication, and DNA damage checkpoint at diagnosis. We demonstrated the under expression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCC4, ABCC5, and ABCD3 encoding proteins which pumped drugs out of the cells after 12 months of nilotinib. Moreover, GEP data demonstrated the deregulation of genes involved in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The down-regulation of JAK2, IL7, STAM, PIK3CA, PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 key genes after 12 months of nilotinib could demonstrate the up-regulation of cell cycle, proliferation and differentiation via MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Trojani
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Ester Pungolino
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Milena Lodola
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mariella D’Adda
- Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Elena
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Turrini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Lorenza Borin
- Hematology Division, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Bucelli
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Malato
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Spina
- Division of Hematology–Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Di Camillo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baruzzo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriella De Canal
- Pathology Department, Cytogenetics, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Enrica Morra
- Executive Committee, Rete Ematologia Lombarda, Italy
| | - Roberto Cairoli
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
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26
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Yu X, Zhang H, Yuan M, Zhang P, Wang Y, Zheng M, Lv Z, Odhiambo WO, Li C, Liu C, Ma Y, Ji Y. Identification and characterization of a murine model of BCR‑ABL1+ acute B‑lymphoblastic leukemia with central nervous system metastasis. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:521-532. [PMID: 31173268 PMCID: PMC6610040 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakpoint cluster region (BCR)-Abelson murine leukemia (ABL)1+ acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a disease associated with a dismal prognosis and a high incidence of central nervous system (CNS) metastasis. However, BCR-ABL1+ B-ALL with CNS infiltration has not been previously characterized, at least to the best of our knowledge. In the present study, a murine model of BCR-ABL1+ B-ALL with CNS metastasis was established using retroviral transduction. The vast majority of BCR-ABL1+ leukemic cells were found to be immature B cells with a variable proportion of pro-B and pre-B populations. The present results indicated that the BCR-ABL1+ B-leukemic cells expressed high levels integrin subunit alpha 6 (Itga6) and L-selectin adhesion molecules, and have an intrinsic ability to disseminate and accumulate in CNS tissues, predominantly in meninges. On the whole, these results provide an approach for addressing the mechanisms of BCR-ABL1+ B-ALL with CNS metastasis and may guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuo Yu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhe Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zhuangwei Lv
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Woodvine Otieno Odhiambo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Canyu Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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27
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Wen F, Cao YX, Luo ZY, Liao P, Lu ZW. LncRNA MALAT1 promotes cell proliferation and imatinib resistance by sponging miR-328 in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Li X, Pang J, Xue W, Wang Y, Tian T, Elgehama A, Wu X, Wu X, Sun Y, Qiu H, Shen Y, Xu Q. Inducible SHP-2 activation confers resistance to imatinib in drug-tolerant chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 360:249-256. [PMID: 30290167 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BCR-ABL kinase mutations, accounting for clinical resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) such as imatinib, frequently occur in acquired resistance or in advanced phases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Emerging evidence implicates a critical role for non-mutational drug resistance mechanisms underlying the survival of residual cancer 'persister' cells. Here, we utilized non-mutational imatinib-resistant K562/G cells to reveal SHP-2 as a resistance modulator of imatinib treatment response during the early phase. SHP-2 phosphorylation was significantly higher in K562/G cells than in sensitive K562 cells. In K562 cells, both short-term and long-term exposure to imatinib induced SHP-2 phosphorylation. Consistently, gain- and loss-of-function mutants in SHP-2 proved its regulation of imatinib resistance. SHP-2 inhibitor and imatinib exhibited a strong antitumor synergy in in vitro and in vivo K562/G models. Mechanistically, dual SHP-2 and BCR-ABL inhibition blocked RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, respectively, leading to dramatic apoptotic death of K562/G cells. In conclusion, our results highlight that SHP-2 could be exploited as a biomarker and therapeutic target during the early phase of imatinib resistance development in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Juan Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wenwen Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ahmed Elgehama
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hongxia Qiu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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