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Attia SH, Saadawy SF, El-Mahroky SM, Nageeb MM. Alleviation of pulmonary fibrosis by the dual PPAR agonist saroglitazar and breast milk mesenchymal stem cells via modulating TGFß/SMAD pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5953-5974. [PMID: 38376539 PMCID: PMC11329427 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a complex disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Limited efficacies of the available drugs drive researchers to seek for new therapies. Saroglitazar (Saro), a full (PPAR α/γ) agonist, is devoid of known PPAR-mediated adverse effects. Breast milk mesenchymal stem cells (BrMSCs) are contemplated to be the ideal cell type harboring differentiation/anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive properties. Accordingly, our aims were to investigate the potential roles of Saro and/or BrMSCs in PF and to spot their underlying protective mechanisms. In this study, PF was induced by bleomycin (BLM) via intratracheal instillation. Treatment started 14 days later. Animals were treated with oral saroglitazar (3 mg/kg daily) or intraperitoneal single BrMSCs injection (0.5 ml phosphate buffer saline (PBS) containing 2 × 107 cells) or their combination with same previous doses. At the work end, 24 h following the 6 weeks of treatment period, the levels of oxidative (MDA, SOD), inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-10), and profibrotic markers (TGF-ß, αSMA) were assessed. The autophagy-related genes (LC3, Beclin) and the expression of PPAR-α/γ and SMAD-3/7 were evaluated. Furthermore, immunohistochemical and histological work were evaluated. Our study revealed marked lung injury influenced by BLM with severe oxidative/inflammatory/fibrotic damage, autophagy inhibition, and deteriorated lung histology. Saro and BrMSCs repaired the lung structure worsened by BLM. Treatments greatly declined the oxidative/inflammatory markers. The pro-fibrotic TGF-ß, αSMA, and SMAD-3 were decreased. Contrarily, autophagy markers were increased. SMAD-7 and PPAR α/γ were activated denoting their pivotal antifibrotic roles. Co-administration of Saro and BrMSCs revealed the top results. Our findings support the study hypothesis that Saro and BrMSCs can be proposed as potential treatments for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seba Hassan Attia
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Sara F Saadawy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samaa M El-Mahroky
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahitab M Nageeb
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Shan S, Chao S, Liu Z, Wang S, Liu Z, Zhang C, Cheng D, Su Z, Song F. TREM2 protects against inflammation by regulating the release of mito-DAMPs from hepatocytes during liver fibrosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:154-165. [PMID: 38710340 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis typically develops as a result of chronic liver injury, which involves inflammatory and regenerative processes. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), predominantly expressing in hepatic non-parenchymal cells, plays a crucial role in regulating the function of macrophages. However, its mechanism in liver fibrosis remains poorly defined. METHODS Experimental liver fibrosis models in wild type and TREM2-/- mice, and in vitro studies with AML-12 cells and Raw264.7 cells were conducted. The expression of TREM2 and related molecular mechanism were evaluated by using samples from patients with liver fibrosis. RESULTS We demonstrated that TREM2 was upregulated in murine model with liver fibrosis. Mice lacking TREM2 exhibited reduced phagocytosis activity in macrophages following carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication. As a result, there was an increased accumulation of necrotic apoptotic hepatocytes. Additionally, TREM2 knockout aggravated the release of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mito-DAMPs) from dead hepatocytes during CCl4 exposure, and further promoted the occurrence of macrophage-mediated M1 polarization. Then, TREM2-/- mice showed more serious fibrosis pathological changes. In vitro, the necrotic apoptosis inhibitor GSK872 effectively alleviated the release of mito-DAMPs in AML-12 cells after CCl4 intoxication, which confirmed that mito-DAMPs originated from dead liver cells. Moreover, direct stimulation of Raw264.7 cells by mito-DAMPs from liver tissue can induce intracellular inflammatory response. More importantly, TREM2 was elevated and inflammatory factors were markedly accumulated surrounding dead cells in the livers of human patients with liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION Our study highlights that TREM2 serves as a negative regulator of liver fibrosis, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Shan
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Health Test and Detection, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 16992 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Shihua Chao
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhaoxiong Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Cuiqin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Department of Health Test and Detection, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 16992 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Zhenhui Su
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Fuyong Song
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Banerjee SK, Thurlow LR, Kannan K, Richardson AR. Glucose transporter 1 is essential for the resolution of methicillin-resistant S. aureus skin and soft tissue infections. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114486. [PMID: 38990718 PMCID: PMC11323221 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin/soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose a major healthcare burden. Distinct inflammatory and resolution phases comprise the host immune response to SSTIs. Resolution is a myeloid PPARγ-dependent anti-inflammatory phase that is essential for the clearance of MRSA. However, the signals activating PPARγ to induce resolution remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that myeloid glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) is essential for the onset of resolution. MRSA-challenged macrophages are unsuccessful in generating an oxidative burst or immune radicals in the absence of GLUT-1 due to a reduction in the cellular NADPH pool. This translates in vivo as a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation products required for the activation of PPARγ in MRSA-infected mice lacking myeloid GLUT-1. Chemical induction of PPARγ during infection circumvents this GLUT-1 requirement and improves resolution. Thus, GLUT-1-dependent oxidative burst is essential for the activation of PPARγ and subsequent resolution of SSTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijon K Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Lance R Thurlow
- Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, USA
| | - Kartik Kannan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Anthony R Richardson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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Yuan S, Chai Y, Xu J, Wang Y, Jiang L, Lu N, Jiang H, Wang J, Pan X, Deng J. Engineering Efferocytosis-Mimicking Nanovesicles to Regulate Joint Anti-Inflammation and Peripheral Immunosuppression for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404198. [PMID: 38810118 PMCID: PMC11267389 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial joints and the dysfunction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the peripheral blood. Therefore, an optimal treatment strategy should aim to eliminate the inflammatory response in the joints and simultaneously restore the immune tolerance of Tregs in peripheral blood. Accordingly, we developed an efferocytosis-mimicking nanovesicle that contains three functional factors for immunomodulating of efferocytosis, including "find me" and "eat me" signals for professional (macrophage) or non-professional phagocytes (T lymphocyte), and "apoptotic metabolite" for metabolite digestion. We showed that efferocytosis-mimicking nanovesicles targeted the inflamed joints and spleen of mice with collagen-induced arthritis, further recruiting and selectively binding to macrophages and T lymphocytes to induce M2 macrophage polarization and Treg differentiation and T helper cell 17 (Th17) recession. Under systemic administration, the efferocytosis-mimicking nanovesicles effectively maintained the pro-inflammatory M1/anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage balance in joints and the Treg/Th17 imbalance in peripheral blood to prevent RA progression. This study demonstrates the potential of efferocytosis-mimicking nanovesicles for RA immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yuan
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair MaterialsWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
| | - Yingqian Chai
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair MaterialsWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
| | - Jianghua Xu
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair MaterialsWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
| | - Youchao Wang
- Chimie ParisTechPSL UniversityCNRSInstitute of Chemistry for Life and Health SciencesLaboratory for Inorganic Chemical BiologyParis75005France
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair MaterialsWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
| | - Ning Lu
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair MaterialsWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
| | - Hongyi Jiang
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325000China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair MaterialsWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325000China
| | - Junjie Deng
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Joint Centre of Translational MedicineWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair MaterialsWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang325000China
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Leuti A, Fava M, Forte G, Pellegrini N, Oddi S, Scipioni L, Gomez EA, Dalli J, Maccarrone M. The endocannabinoid anandamide activates pro-resolving pathways in human primary macrophages by engaging both CB 2 and GPR18 receptors. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23675. [PMID: 38801406 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301325r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is the cellular and molecular process that protects from widespread and uncontrolled inflammation and restores tissue function in the aftermath of acute immune events. This process is orchestrated by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM), a class of bioactive lipids able to reduce immune activation and promote removal of tissue debris and apoptotic cells by macrophages. Although SPMs are the lipid class that has been best studied for its role in facilitating the resolution of self-limited inflammation, a number of other lipid signals, including endocannabinoids, also exert protective immunomodulatory effects on immune cells, including macrophages. These observations suggest that endocannabinoids may also display pro-resolving actions. Interestingly, the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) is not only known to bind canonical type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) but also to engage SPM-binding receptors such as GPR18. This suggests that AEA may also contribute to the governing of resolution processes. In order to interrogate this hypothesis, we investigated the ability of AEA to induce pro-resolving responses by classically-activated primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MoDM). We found that AEA, at nanomolar concentration, enhances efferocytosis in MoDMs in a CB2- and GPR18-dependent manner. Using lipid mediator profiling, we also observed that AEA modulates SPM profiles in these cells, including levels of resolvin (Rv)D1, RvD6, maresin (MaR)2, and RvE1 in a CB2-dependent manner. AEA treatment also modulated the gene expression of SPM enzymes involved in both the formation and further metabolism of SPM such as 5-lipoxygenase and 15-Prostaglandin dehydrogenase. Our findings show, for the first time, a direct effect of AEA on the regulation of pro-resolving pathways in human macrophages. They also provide new insights into the complex interactions between different lipid pathways in activation of pro-resolving responses contributing to the reestablishment of homeostasis in the aftermath of acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Leuti
- Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Fava
- European Center for Brain Research/Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Forte
- Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Niccolò Pellegrini
- Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Oddi
- European Center for Brain Research/Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lucia Scipioni
- European Center for Brain Research/Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Esteban A Gomez
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- European Center for Brain Research/Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Ma Y, Jiang T, Zhu X, Xu Y, Wan K, Zhang T, Xie M. Efferocytosis in dendritic cells: an overlooked immunoregulatory process. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1415573. [PMID: 38835772 PMCID: PMC11148234 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1415573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis, the process of engulfing and removing apoptotic cells, plays an essential role in preserving tissue health and averting undue inflammation. While macrophages are primarily known for this task, dendritic cells (DCs) also play a significant role. This review delves into the unique contributions of various DC subsets to efferocytosis, highlighting the distinctions in how DCs and macrophages recognize and handle apoptotic cells. It further explores how efferocytosis influences DC maturation, thereby affecting immune tolerance. This underscores the pivotal role of DCs in orchestrating immune responses and sustaining immune equilibrium, providing new insights into their function in immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ma
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tangxing Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingxuan Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaorong Xie
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mihaila AC, Ciortan L, Tucureanu MM, Simionescu M, Butoi E. Anti-Inflammatory Neutrophils Reprogram Macrophages toward a Pro-Healing Phenotype with Increased Efferocytosis Capacity. Cells 2024; 13:208. [PMID: 38334600 PMCID: PMC10854927 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Following myocardial infarction (MI), blood neutrophils quickly and extensively infiltrate the heart, where they are temporally polarized into pro-inflammatory (N1) and anti-inflammatory (N2) subpopulations. Neutrophil transmigration is rapidly followed by the accrual of macrophages (MACs), which are believed to undergo local phenotypic transformations from pro-inflammatory to pro-healing MACs that mediate inflammation resolution. We hypothesized that N2 neutrophils can reprogram MACs toward a healing phenotype with increased efferocytosis capacity. To examine this, human neutrophils isolated from healthy subjects were polarized in N1 and N2 neutrophils, and their secretome was added to human MACs derived from THP monocytes. The impact of neutrophil factors on macrophages was investigated using qPCR, ELISA, Western blot, immunofluorescence, or an efferocytosis assay. The results show that the MACs exposed to N2 neutrophil secretome exhibited (i) increased expression of the anti-inflammatory molecules CD206, TGF-β, and IL-10 and the nuclear factors associated with reparatory macrophages (PPARγ, Nur77, and KLF4); (ii) enhanced expression of efferocytosis receptors (MerTK, CD36, CX3CR1, and integrins αv/β5) and of the bridge molecules Mfage8 and Gas6; and (iii) enhanced efferocytosis. In conclusion, factors released by N2 neutrophils induce a pro-healing phenotype of MACs by upregulating anti-inflammatory molecules and efferocytosis receptors and ensuing the efferocytosis capacity. The data suggest that molecular therapy to foster N2 polarization, which boosts macrophages' pro-healing phenotype, could be a promising strategy to speed up inflammation resolution and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elena Butoi
- Biopathology and Therapy of Inflammation, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu”, 050568 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.M.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
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Yang F, Wendusubilige, Kong J, Zong Y, Wang M, Jing C, Ma Z, Li W, Cao R, Jing S, Gao J, Li W, Wang J. Identifying oxidative stress-related biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine using integrative omics approaches and machine-learning strategies. EPMA J 2023; 14:417-442. [PMID: 37605652 PMCID: PMC10439879 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-023-00334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis that currently lacks effective treatment methods. Preventing the acute exacerbation of IPF, identifying the molecular subtypes of patients, providing personalized treatment, and developing individualized drugs are guidelines for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM / 3PM) to promote the development of IPF. Oxidative stress (OS) is an important pathological process of IPF. However, the relationship between the expression levels of oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs) and clinical indices in patients with IPF is unclear; therefore, it is still a challenge to identify potential beneficiaries of antioxidant therapy. Because PPPM aims to recognize and manage diseases by integrating multiple methods, patient stratification and analysis based on OSRGs and identifying biomarkers can help achieve the above goals. Methods Transcriptome data from 250 IPF patients were divided into training and validation sets. Core OSRGs were identified in the training set and subsequently clustered to identify oxidative stress-related subtypes. The oxidative stress scores, clinical characteristics, and expression levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) of different subtypes were compared to identify patients who were sensitive to antioxidant therapy to conduct differential gene functional enrichment analysis and predict potential therapeutic drugs. Diagnostic markers between subtypes were obtained by integrating multiple machine learning methods, their expression levels were tested in rat models with different degrees of pulmonary fibrosis and validation sets, and nomogram models were constructed. CIBERSORT, single-cell RNA sequencing, and immunofluorescence staining were used to explore the effects of OSRGs on the immune microenvironment. Results Core OSRGs classified IPF into two subtypes. Patients classified into subtypes with low oxidative stress levels had better clinical scores, less severe fibrosis, and lower expression of SASP-related molecules. A reliable nomogram model based on five diagnostic markers was constructed, and these markers' expression stability was verified in animal experiments. The number of neutrophils in the immune microenvironment was significantly different between the two subtypes and was closely related to the degree of fibrosis. Conclusion Within the framework of PPPM, this work comprehensively explored the role of OSRGs and their mediated cellular senescence and immune processes in the progress of IPF and assessed their capabilities aspredictors of high oxidative stress and disease progression,targets of the vicious loop between regulated pulmonary fibrosis and OS for targeted secondary and tertiary prevention, andreferences for personalized antioxidant and antifibrotic therapies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-023-00334-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wendusubilige
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Kong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Zong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Manting Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanqing Jing
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaotian Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wanyang Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan campus), Beijing, China
| | - Renshuang Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuwen Jing
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ji Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Liao Z, Lan H, Jian X, Huang J, Wang H, Hu J, Liao H. Myofiber directs macrophages IL-10-Vav1-Rac1 efferocytosis pathway in inflamed muscle following CTX myoinjury by activating the intrinsic TGF-β signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:168. [PMID: 37403092 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the role of skeletal muscle specific TGF-β signaling on macrophages efferocytosis in inflamed muscle caused by Cardiotoxin (CTX) injection. METHODS CTX myoinjury was manipulated in TGF-βr2flox/flox (control) mice or transgenic mice with TGF-β receptor 2 (TGF-βr2) being specifically deleted in skeletal muscle (SM TGF-βr2-/-). Gene levels of TGF-β signal molecules, special inflammatory mediators in damaged muscle or in cultured and differentiated myogenic precursor cells (MPC-myotubes) were monitored by transcriptome microarray or qRT-PCR. TGF-β pathway molecules, myokines and embryonic myosin heavy chain in regenerating myofibers, the phenotype and efferocytosis of macrophages were evaluated by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, Luminex, or FACS analysis. In vitro apoptotic cells were prepared by UV-irradiation. RESULTS In control mice, TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling were significantly up-regulated in regenerating centronuclear myofibers after CTX-myoinjury. More severe muscle inflammation was caused by the deficiency of muscle TGF-β signaling, with the increased number of M1, but the decreased number of M2 macrophages. Notably, the deficiency of TGF-β signaling in myofibers dramatically affected on the ability of macrophages to conduct efferocytosis, marked by the decreased number of Annexin-V-F4/80+Tunel+ macrophages in inflamed muscle, and the impaired uptake of macrophages to PKH67+ apoptotic cells transferred into damaged muscle. Further, our study suggested that, the intrinsic TGF-β signaling directed IL-10-Vav1-Rac1 efferocytosis signaling in muscle macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that muscle inflammation can be suppressed potentially by activating the intrinsic TGF-β signaling in myofibers to promote IL-10 dependent-macrophages efferocytosis. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Haiqiang Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoting Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jingwen Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Han Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jijie Hu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Hua Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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10
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Sharma R, Antypiuk A, Vance SZ, Manwani D, Pearce Q, Cox JE, An X, Yazdanbakhsh K, Vinchi F. Macrophage metabolic rewiring improves heme-suppressed efferocytosis and tissue damage in sickle cell disease. Blood 2023; 141:3091-3108. [PMID: 36952641 PMCID: PMC10315632 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is hallmarked by an underlying chronic inflammatory condition, which is contributed by heme-activated proinflammatory macrophages. Although previous studies addressed heme ability to stimulate macrophage inflammatory skewing through Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4)/reactive oxygen species signaling, how heme alters cell functional properties remains unexplored. Macrophage-mediated immune cell recruitment and apoptotic cell (AC) clearance are relevant in the context of SCD, in which tissue damage, cell apoptosis, and inflammation occur owing to vaso-occlusive episodes, hypoxia, and ischemic injury. Here we show that heme strongly alters macrophage functional response to AC damage by exacerbating immune cell recruitment and impairing cell efferocytic capacity. In SCD, heme-driven excessive leukocyte influx and defective efferocytosis contribute to exacerbated tissue damage and sustained inflammation. Mechanistically, these events depend on heme-mediated activation of TLR4 signaling and suppression of the transcription factor proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and its coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α). These changes reduce efferocytic receptor expression and promote mitochondrial remodeling, resulting in a coordinated functional and metabolic reprogramming of macrophages. Overall, this results in limited AC engulfment, impaired metabolic shift to mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and, ultimately, reduced secretion of the antiinflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10, with consequent inhibition of continual efferocytosis, resolution of inflammation, and tissue repair. We further demonstrate that impaired phagocytic capacity is recapitulated by macrophage exposure to plasma of patients with SCD and improved by hemopexin-mediated heme scavenging, PPARγ agonists, or IL-4 exposure through functional and metabolic macrophage rewiring. Our data indicate that therapeutic improvement of heme-altered macrophage functional properties via heme scavenging or PGC1α/PPARγ modulation significantly ameliorates tissue damage associated with SCD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sharma
- Iron Research Laboratory, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY
| | - Ada Antypiuk
- Iron Research Laboratory, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY
| | - S. Zebulon Vance
- Iron Research Laboratory, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY
| | - Deepa Manwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
- Pediatric Hematology, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, New York, NY
| | - Quentinn Pearce
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Metabolomics, Mass Spectrometry, and Proteomics Core, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - James E. Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Metabolomics, Mass Spectrometry, and Proteomics Core, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Xiuli An
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Francesca Vinchi
- Iron Research Laboratory, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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11
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Lv X, Chen Q, Zhang Z, Du K, Huang Y, Li X, Zeng Y. αCGRP deficiency aggravates pulmonary fibrosis by activating the PPARγ signaling pathway. Genes Immun 2023:10.1038/s41435-023-00206-x. [PMID: 37231189 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore whether αCGRP (Calca) deficiency aggravates pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Clinical data from patients with PF (n = 52) were retrospectively analyzed. Lung tissue from a bleomycin (BLM)-induced rat model was compared with that of Calca-knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) using immunohistochemistry, RNA-seq, and UPLC-MS/MS metabolomic analyses. The results showed that decreased αCGRP expression and activation of the type 2 immune response were detected in patients with PF. In BLM-induced and Calca-KO rats, αCGRP deficiency potentiated apoptosis of AECs and induced M2 macrophages. RNA-seq identified enrichment of pathways involved in nuclear translocation and immune system disorders in Calca-KO rats compared to WT. Mass spectrometry of lung tissue from Calca-KO rats showed abnormal lipid metabolism, including increased levels of LTB4, PDX, 1-HETE. PPAR pathway signaling was significantly induced in both transcriptomic and metabolomic datasets in Calca-KO rats, and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that the nuclear translocation of PPARγ in BLM-treated and Calca-KO rats was synchronized with STAT6 localization in the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions. In conclusion, αCGRP is protective against PF, and αCGRP deficiency promotes M2 polarization of macrophages, probably by activating the PPARγ pathway, which leads to activation of the type 2 immune response and accelerates PF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Qingquan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Zewei Zhang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, China
| | - Kaili Du
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, China
| | - Yaping Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, China
| | - Xingzhe Li
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, China
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respirology Medicine Centre of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.
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12
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Bitzer S, Harati MD, Kasmi KCE, Schloesser D, Sauer J, Olbrich H, Schuler M, Gantner F, Heilker R. Application of human iPSC-derived macrophages in a miniaturized high-content-imaging-based efferocytosis assay. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2023:S2472-5552(23)00030-8. [PMID: 37072070 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a pivotal role in drug discovery due to their key regulatory functions in health and disease. Overcoming the limited availability and donor variability of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived macrophages (IDMs) could provide a promising tool for both disease modeling and drug discovery. To access large numbers of model cells for medium- to high-throughput application purposes, an upscaled protocol was established for differentiation of iPSCs into progenitor cells and subsequent maturation into functional macrophages. These IDM cells resembled MDMs both with respect to surface marker expression and phago- as well as efferocytotic function. A statistically robust high-content-imaging assay was developed to quantify the efferocytosis rate of IDMs and MDMs allowing for measurements both in the 384- and 1536-well microplate format. Validating the applicability of the assay, inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) were shown to modulate efferocytosis in IDMs and MDMs with comparable pharmacology. The miniaturized cellular assay with the upscaled provision of macrophages opens new routes to pharmaceutical drug discovery in the context of efferocytosis-modulating substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bitzer
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Mozhgan Dehghan Harati
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Karim C El Kasmi
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Daniela Schloesser
- Departments of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Julia Sauer
- Departments of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Heiko Olbrich
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Michael Schuler
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Florian Gantner
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, C. H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ralf Heilker
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
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13
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Uriarte SM, Hajishengallis G. Neutrophils in the periodontium: Interactions with pathogens and roles in tissue homeostasis and inflammation. Immunol Rev 2023; 314:93-110. [PMID: 36271881 PMCID: PMC10049968 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are of key importance in periodontal health and disease. In their absence or when they are functionally defective, as occurs in certain congenital disorders, affected individuals develop severe forms of periodontitis in early age. These observations imply that the presence of immune-competent neutrophils is essential to homeostasis. However, the presence of supernumerary or hyper-responsive neutrophils, either because of systemic priming or innate immune training, leads to imbalanced host-microbe interactions in the periodontium that culminate in dysbiosis and inflammatory tissue breakdown. These disease-provoking imbalanced interactions are further exacerbated by periodontal pathogens capable of subverting neutrophil responses to their microbial community's benefit and the host's detriment. This review attempts a synthesis of these findings for an integrated view of the neutrophils' ambivalent role in periodontal disease and, moreover, discusses how some of these concepts underpin the development of novel therapeutic approaches to treat periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M. Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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14
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Huang Q, Weng D, Yao S, Shen H, Gao S, Zhang Y, Huang W, Wang Y, Wang H, Xu W. Progranulin deficiency suppresses allergic asthma and enhances efferocytosis via PPAR-γ/MFG-E8 regulation in macrophages. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e779. [PMID: 36840485 PMCID: PMC9910167 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis can resolve airway inflammation and enhance airway tolerance in allergic asthma. While previous work has reported that progranulin (PGRN) regulated macrophage efferocytosis, but it is unclear whether PGRN-mediated efferocytosis is associated with asthma. Here, we found that in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma model, the airway inflammation was suppressed and the apoptosis in lung tissues was ameliorated in PGRN-deficient mice. In contrast, PGRN knockdown in human bronchial epithelial cells increased apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, PGRN-deficient macrophages had significantly stronger efferocytosis ability than wild type (WT) macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. PGRN-deficient peritoneal macrophages (PMs) exhibited increased expression of genes associated with efferocytosis including milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and increased capacity to produce the anti-inflammatory mediator interleukin (IL)-10 during efferocytosis. GW9662, the inhibitor of PPAR-γ, abolished increased efferocytosis and MFG-E8 expression in PGRN-deficient PMs suggesting that PGRN deficiency enhanced MFG-E8-mediated efferocytosis through PPAR-γ. Correspondingly, efferocytosis genes were increased in the lungs of OVA-induced PGRN-deficient mice. GW9662 treatment reduced MFG-E8 expression but did not significantly affect airway inflammation. Our results demonstrated that PGRN deficiency enhanced efferocytosis via the PPAR-γ/MFG-E8 pathway and this may be one of the reasons PGRN deficiency results in inhibition of airway inflammation in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Danlin Weng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shifei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hailan Shen
- Department of laboratory medicineThe first affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical universityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wenchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
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15
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Ma Y, Kemp SS, Yang X, Wu MH, Yuan SY. Cellular mechanisms underlying the impairment of macrophage efferocytosis. Immunol Lett 2023; 254:41-53. [PMID: 36740099 PMCID: PMC9992097 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The phagocytosis and clearance of dying cells by macrophages, a process termed efferocytosis, is essential for both maintaining homeostasis and promoting tissue repair after infection or sterile injury. If not removed in a timely manner, uncleared cells can undergo secondary necrosis, and necrotic cells lose membrane integrity, release toxic intracellular components, and potentially induce inflammation or autoimmune diseases. Efferocytosis also initiates the repair process by producing a wide range of pro-reparative factors. Accumulating evidence has revealed that macrophage efferocytosis defects are involved in the development and progression of a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The underlying mechanisms of efferocytosis impairment are complex, disease-dependent, and incompletely understood. In this review, we will first summarize the current knowledge about the normal signaling and metabolic processes of macrophage efferocytosis and its importance in maintaining tissue homeostasis and repair. We then will focus on analyzing the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying efferocytotic abnormality (impairment) in disease or injury conditions. Next, we will discuss the potential molecular targets for enhanced efferocytosis in animal models of disease. To provide a balanced view, we will also discuss some deleterious effects of efferocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Scott S Kemp
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mack H Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sarah Y Yuan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Surgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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16
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Taefehshokr N, Heit B. Methods for Quantitative Efferocytosis Assays. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2692:41-59. [PMID: 37365460 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3338-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Efferocytosis, the phagocytic removal of apoptotic cells, is a dynamic process requiring recruitment of numerous regulatory proteins to mediate the uptake, engulfment, and degradation of apoptotic cells. Herein, we describe microscopy-based methods for the enumeration of efferocytic events and characterization of the spatiotemporal dynamics of signaling molecule recruitment during efferocytosis using genetically encoded probes and immunofluorescent labeling. While these methods are illustrated using macrophages, they are applicable to any efferocytic cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Taefehshokr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and The Western Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Centre, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Bryan Heit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and The Western Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Centre, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
- Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
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17
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The Influence of the Ketogenic Diet on the Immune Tolerant Microenvironment in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225550. [PMID: 36428642 PMCID: PMC9688691 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents an aggressive and immune-resistant cancer. Preclinical investigations have identified anti-tumor activity of a ketogenic diet (KD) potentially being used to target GBM's glycolytic phenotype. Since immune cells in the microenvironment have a similar reliance upon nutrients to perform their individual functions, we sought to determine if KD influenced the immune landscape of GBM. Consistent with previous publications, KD improved survival in GBM in an immune-competent murine model. Immunophenotyping of tumors identified KD-influenced macrophage polarization, with a paradoxical 50% increase in immune-suppressive M2-like-macrophages and a decrease in pro-inflammatory M1-like-macrophages. We recapitulated KD in vitro using a modified cell culture based on metabolomic profiling of serum in KD-fed mice, mechanistically linking the observed changes in macrophage polarization to PPARγ-activation. We hypothesized that parallel increases in M2-macrophage polarization tempered the therapeutic benefit of KD in GBM. To test this, we performed investigations combining KD with the CSF-1R inhibitor (BLZ945), which influences macrophage polarization. The combination demonstrated a striking improvement in survival and correlative studies confirmed BLZ945 normalized KD-induced changes in macrophage polarization. Overall, KD demonstrates antitumor activity in GBM; however, its efficacy is attenuated by promoting an immunosuppressive phenotype in macrophages. Combinatorial strategies designed to modulate macrophage polarization represent a rational approach to improve the anti-tumor activity of KD in GBM.
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18
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Saas P, Vetter M, Maraux M, Bonnefoy F, Perruche S. Resolution therapy: Harnessing efferocytic macrophages to trigger the resolution of inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1021413. [PMID: 36389733 PMCID: PMC9651061 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with non-resolving inflammation. Conventional anti-inflammatory drugs fail to completely cure these diseases. Resolution pharmacology is a new therapeutic approach based on the use of pro-resolving mediators that accelerate the resolution phase of inflammation by targeting the productive phase of inflammation. Indeed, pro-resolving mediators prevent leukocyte recruitment and induce apoptosis of accumulated leukocytes. This approach is now called resolution therapy with the introduction of complex biological drugs and cell-based therapies. The main objective of resolution therapy is to specifically reduce the duration of the resolution phase to accelerate the return to homeostasis. Under physiological conditions, macrophages play a critical role in the resolution of inflammation. Indeed, after the removal of apoptotic cells (a process called efferocytosis), macrophages display anti-inflammatory reprogramming and subsequently secrete multiple pro-resolving factors. These factors can be used as resolution therapy. Here, we review the different mechanisms leading to anti-inflammatory reprogramming of macrophages after efferocytosis and the pro-resolving factors released by these efferocytic macrophages. We classify these mechanisms in three different categories: macrophage reprogramming induced by apoptotic cell-derived factors, by molecules expressed by apoptotic cells (i.e., "eat-me" signals), and induced by the digestion of apoptotic cell-derived materials. We also evoke that macrophage reprogramming may result from cooperative mechanisms, for instance, implicating the apoptotic cell-induced microenvironment (including cellular metabolites, specific cytokines or immune cells). Then, we describe a new drug candidate belonging to this resolution therapy. This candidate, called SuperMApo, corresponds to the secretome of efferocytic macrophages. We discuss its production, the pro-resolving factors present in this drug, as well as the results obtained in experimental models of chronic (e.g., arthritis, colitis) and acute (e.g., peritonitis or xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease) inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Saas
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
| | - Mathieu Vetter
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
| | - Melissa Maraux
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
| | - Francis Bonnefoy
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
- MED’INN’Pharma, Besançon, France
| | - Sylvain Perruche
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
- MED’INN’Pharma, Besançon, France
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19
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Zhang J, Ding W, Zhao M, Liu J, Xu Y, Wan J, Wang M. Mechanisms of efferocytosis in determining inflammation resolution: Therapeutic potential and the association with cardiovascular disease. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:5151-5171. [PMID: 36028471 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Efferocytosis is defined as the clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs) in physiological and pathological states and is performed by efferocytes, such as macrophages. Efferocytosis can lead to the resolution of inflammation and restore tissue homoeostasis; however, the mechanisms of efferocytosis in determining inflammation resolution are still not completely understood, and the effects of efferocytosis on other proresolving properties need to be explored and explained. In this review, the process of efferocytosis will be summarized briefly, and then these mechanisms and effects will be thoroughly discussed. In addition, the association between the mechanisms of efferocytosis in determining inflammation resolution and cardiovascular diseases will also be reviewed, as an understanding of this association may provide information on novel treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.,department of radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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20
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Zhao X, Chen J, Sun H, Zhang Y, Zou D. New insights into fibrosis from the ECM degradation perspective: the macrophage-MMP-ECM interaction. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:117. [PMID: 35897082 PMCID: PMC9327238 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological feature of a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases that can affect almost all organs, which can cause severe consequences and even lead to death. Fibrosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) due to disruption of the balance between ECM production and degradation. Although overabundance of ECM proteins has long been the focus of studies on fibrosis, another facet of the problem—impaired degradation of the ECM—is gaining increasing attention. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) system is the main molecular system contributing to ECM degradation, and macrophages are the major regulators of ECM. However, the relationship among macrophages, the MMP/TIMP system and the ECM is not fully understood in the context of fibrosis. Here, we discuss in detail the role played by the ECM in the development of fibrosis and highlight the macrophage-MMP-ECM interaction that is involved in fibrogenesis and may be a potential therapeutic target for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Efferocytosis in lung mucosae: implications for health and disease. Immunol Lett 2022; 248:109-118. [PMID: 35843361 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efferocytosis is imperative to maintain lung homeostasis and control inflammation. Populations of lung macrophages are the main efferocytes in this tissue, responsible for controlling immune responses and avoiding unrestrained inflammation and autoimmunity through the expression of a plethora of receptors that recognize multiple 'eat me' signals on apoptotic cells. Efferocytosis is essentially anti-inflammatory and tolerogenic. However, in some situations, apoptotic cells phagocytosis can elicit inflammatory and immunogenic immune responses. Here, we summarized the current knowledge of the mechanisms of efferocytosis, and how any abnormality in this process may have an important contribution to the lung pathophysiology of many chronic inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma, acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis. Further, we consider the consequences of the dual role of efferocytosis on the susceptibility or resistance to pulmonary microbial infections. Understanding how efferocytosis works in different contexts will be useful to the development of new and more effective strategies to control the diversity of lung diseases.
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22
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El Kharbili M, Aviszus K, Sasse SK, Zhao X, Serban KA, Majka SM, Gerber AN, Gally F. Macrophage programming is regulated by a cooperative interaction between fatty acid binding protein 5 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22300. [PMID: 35436029 PMCID: PMC9320869 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200128r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is an active process that is tightly regulated to achieve repair and tissue homeostasis. In the absence of resolution, persistent inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with recurrent exacerbations. Over the course of inflammation, macrophage programming transitions from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolving, which is in part regulated by the nuclear receptor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ). Our previous work demonstrated an association between Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 (FABP5) expression and PPARγ activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy and COPD patients. However, a role for FABP5 in macrophage programming has not been examined. Here, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches, we demonstrate that FABP5 is necessary for PPARγ activation. In turn, PPARγ acts directly to increase FABP5 expression in primary human alveolar macrophages. We further illustrate that lack of FABP5 expression promotes a pro-inflammatory macrophage programming with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased chromatin accessibility for pro-inflammatory transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB and MAPK). And finally, real-time cell metabolic analysis using the Seahorse technology shows an inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation in FABP5-deficient macrophages. Taken together, our data indicate that FABP5 and PPARγ reciprocally regulate each other's expression and function, consistent with a novel positive feedback loop between the two factors that mediates macrophage pro-resolving programming. Our studies highlight the importance of defining targets and regulatory mechanisms that control the resolution of inflammation and may serve to inform novel interventional strategies directed towards COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manale El Kharbili
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Katja Aviszus
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Sarah K. Sasse
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Karina A. Serban
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Susan M. Majka
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Anthony N. Gerber
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Fabienne Gally
- Department of Immunology and Genomic MedicineNational Jewish HealthDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
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23
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Kim SY, Kim JM, Lee SR, Kim HJ, Lee JH, Choi HL, Lee YJ, Lee YS, Cho J. Efferocytosis and enhanced FPR2 expression following apoptotic cell instillation attenuate radiation-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 601:38-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Understanding the Role of LFA-1 in Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type I (LAD I): Moving towards Inflammation? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073578. [PMID: 35408940 PMCID: PMC8998723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
LFA-1 (Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1) is a heterodimeric integrin (CD11a/CD18) present on the surface of all leukocytes; it is essential for leukocyte recruitment to the site of tissue inflammation, but also for other immunological processes such as T cell activation and formation of the immunological synapse. Absent or dysfunctional expression of LFA-1, caused by mutations in the ITGB2 (integrin subunit beta 2) gene, results in a rare immunodeficiency syndrome known as Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I). Patients suffering from severe LAD I present with recurrent infections of the skin and mucosa, as well as inflammatory symptoms complicating the clinical course of the disease before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT); alloHSCT is currently the only established curative treatment option. With this review, we aim to provide an overview of the intrinsic role of inflammation in LAD I.
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25
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Inhibition of STAT6 Activation by AS1517499 Inhibits Expression and Activity of PPARγ in Macrophages to Resolve Acute Inflammation in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030447. [PMID: 35327639 PMCID: PMC8946515 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) promotes an anti-inflammatory process by inducing the development of M2 macrophages. We investigated whether modulating STAT6 activity in macrophages using AS1517499, the specific STAT6 inhibitor, affects the restoration of homeostasis after an inflammatory insult by regulating PPARγ expression and activity. Administration of AS1517499 suppressed the enhanced STAT6 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation observed in peritoneal macrophages after zymosan injection. In addition, AS1517499 delayed resolution of acute inflammation as evidenced by enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines in PLF and supernatants from peritoneal macrophages, and exaggerated neutrophil numbers and total protein levels in PLF. We demonstrate temporal increases in annexin A1 (AnxA1) protein and mRNA levels in peritoneal lavage fluid (PLF), peritoneal macrophages, and spleen in a murine model of zymosan-induced acute peritonitis. In vitro priming of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and peritoneal macrophages with AnxA1 induced STAT6 activation with enhanced PPARγ expression and activity. Using AS1517499, we demonstrate that inhibition of STAT6 activation delayed recovery of PPARγ expression and activity, as well as impaired efferocytosis. Taken together, these results suggest that activation of the STAT6 signaling pathway mediates PPARγ expression and activation in macrophages to resolve acute inflammation.
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26
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Jeong J, Choi J. Advancing the Adverse Outcome Pathway for PPARγ Inactivation Leading to Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Bradford-Hill Consideration and the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:233-243. [PMID: 35143163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for PPARγ inactivation leading to pulmonary fibrosis has been previously developed. To advance the development of this AOP, the confidence of the overall AOP was assessed using the Bradford-Hill considerations as per the recommendations from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Users' Handbook. Overall, the essentiality of key events (KEs) and the biological plausibility of key event relationships (KERs) were rated high. In contrast, the empirical support of KERs was found to be moderate. To experimentally evaluate the KERs from the molecular initiating event (MIE) and KE1, PPARγ (MIE) and TGF-β (KE1) inhibitors were used to examine the effects of downstream events following inhibition of their upstream events. PPARγ inhibition (MIE) led to TGF-β activation (KE1), upregulation in vimentin expression (KE3), and an increase in the fibronectin level (KE4). Similarly, activated TGF-β (KE1) led to an increase in vimentin (KE3) and fibronectin expression (KE4). In the database analysis using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, 31 genes related to each KE were found to be highly correlated with pulmonary fibrosis, and the top 21 potential stressors were suggested. The AOP for pulmonary fibrosis evaluated in this study will be the basis for the screening of inhaled toxic substances in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseong Jeong
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
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27
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Nagatake T, Kishino S, Urano E, Murakami H, Kitamura N, Konishi K, Ohno H, Tiwari P, Morimoto S, Node E, Adachi J, Abe Y, Isoyama J, Sawane K, Honda T, Inoue A, Uwamizu A, Matsuzaka T, Miyamoto Y, Hirata SI, Saika A, Shibata Y, Hosomi K, Matsunaga A, Shimano H, Arita M, Aoki J, Oka M, Matsutani A, Tomonaga T, Kabashima K, Miyachi M, Yasutomi Y, Ogawa J, Kunisawa J. Intestinal microbe-dependent ω3 lipid metabolite αKetoA prevents inflammatory diseases in mice and cynomolgus macaques. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:289-300. [PMID: 35013573 PMCID: PMC8866125 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary ω3 fatty acids have important health benefits and exert their potent bioactivity through conversion to lipid mediators. Here, we demonstrate that microbiota play an essential role in the body's use of dietary lipids for the control of inflammatory diseases. We found that amounts of 10-hydroxy-cis-12-cis-15-octadecadienoic acid (αHYA) and 10-oxo-cis-12-cis-15-octadecadienoic acid (αKetoA) increased in the feces and serum of specific-pathogen-free, but not germ-free, mice when they were maintained on a linseed oil diet, which is high in α-linolenic acid. Intake of αKetoA, but not αHYA, exerted anti-inflammatory properties through a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ-dependent pathway and ameliorated hapten-induced contact hypersensitivity by inhibiting the development of inducible skin-associated lymphoid tissue through suppression of chemokine secretion from macrophages and inhibition of NF-κB activation in mice and cynomolgus macaques. Administering αKetoA also improved diabetic glucose intolerance by inhibiting adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis through decreased macrophage infiltration in adipose tissues and altering macrophage M1/M2 polarization in mice fed a high-fat diet. These results collectively indicate that αKetoA is a novel postbiotic derived from α-linolenic acid, which controls macrophage-associated inflammatory diseases and may have potential for developing therapeutic drugs as well as probiotic food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kishino
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Emiko Urano
- grid.482562.fLaboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, NIBIOHN, 1-1 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843 Japan
| | - Haruka Murakami
- grid.482562.fDepartment of Physical Activity Research, NIBIOHN, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636 Japan
| | - Nahoko Kitamura
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Kana Konishi
- grid.482562.fDepartment of Physical Activity Research, NIBIOHN, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636 Japan
| | - Harumi Ohno
- grid.482562.fDepartment of Physical Activity Research, NIBIOHN, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636 Japan
| | - Prabha Tiwari
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Sakiko Morimoto
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Eri Node
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Jun Adachi
- Laboratory of Proteome Research and Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, NIBIOHN, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Yuichi Abe
- Laboratory of Proteome Research and Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, NIBIOHN, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan ,grid.410800.d0000 0001 0722 8444Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Junko Isoyama
- Laboratory of Proteome Research and Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, NIBIOHN, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Kento Sawane
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawara-cho, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan ,grid.505613.40000 0000 8937 6696Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Akiharu Uwamizu
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaka
- grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan ,grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
| | - Yoichi Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, NIBIOHN, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - So-ichiro Hirata
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan ,grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017 Japan
| | - Azusa Saika
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuki Shibata
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Koji Hosomi
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Ayu Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan ,grid.412904.a0000 0004 0606 9818Faculty of Agriculture, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 54 Nakaoruimachi, Takasaki, Gumma 370-0033 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakouen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512 Japan ,grid.509459.40000 0004 0472 0267Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan ,grid.268441.d0000 0001 1033 6139Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Masahiro Oka
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, NIBIOHN, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Akira Matsutani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shunan City Shin-nanyo Hospital, 2-3-15 Miyanomae, Shunan, Yamaguchi, 746-0017 Japan
| | - Takeshi Tomonaga
- Laboratory of Proteome Research and Laboratory of Proteomics for Drug Discovery, NIBIOHN, 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawara-cho, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- grid.482562.fDepartment of Physical Activity Research, NIBIOHN, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yasutomi
- grid.482562.fLaboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, NIBIOHN, 1-1 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843 Japan
| | - Jun Ogawa
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi Saito, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.5290.e0000 0004 1936 9975Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-0041 Japan
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28
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Soliman E, Bhalla S, Elhassanny AEM, Malur A, Ogburn D, Leffler N, Malur AG, Thomassen MJ. Myeloid ABCG1 Deficiency Enhances Apoptosis and Initiates Efferocytosis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells of Murine Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Induced Granuloma Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010047. [PMID: 35008476 PMCID: PMC8744594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of carbon nanotubes has increased in the past few decades. Carbon nanotubes are implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis, a chronic granulomatous inflammatory condition. We developed a murine model of chronic granulomatous inflammation using multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to investigate mechanisms of granuloma formation. Using this model, we demonstrated that myeloid deficiency of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) cholesterol transporter (ABCG1) promotes granuloma formation and fibrosis with MWCNT instillation; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Our previous studies showed that MWCNT induced apoptosis in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells of wild-type (C57BL/6) mice. Given that continual apoptosis causes persistent severe lung inflammation, we hypothesized that ABCG1 deficiency would increase MWCNT-induced apoptosis thereby promoting granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis. To test our hypothesis, we utilized myeloid-specific ABCG1 knockout (ABCG1 KO) mice. Our results demonstrate that MWCNT instillation enhances pulmonary fibrosis in ABCG1 KO mice compared to wild-type controls. Enhanced fibrosis is indicated by increased trichrome staining and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) expression in lungs, together with an increased expression of TGF-β related signaling molecules, interleukin-13 (IL-13) and Smad-3. MWCNT induced more apoptosis in BAL cells of ABCG1 KO mice. Initiation of apoptosis is most likely mediated by the extrinsic pathway since caspase 8 activity and Fas expression are significantly higher in MWCNT instilled ABCG1 KO mice compared to the wild type. In addition, TUNEL staining shows that ABCG1 KO mice instilled with MWCNT have a higher percentage of TUNEL positive BAL cells and more efferocytosis than the WT control. Furthermore, BAL cells of ABCG1 KO mice instilled with MWCNT exhibit an increase in efferocytosis markers, milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) and integrin β3. Therefore, our observations suggest that ABCG1 deficiency promotes pulmonary fibrosis by MWCNT, and this effect may be due to an increase in apoptosis and efferocytosis in BAL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Soliman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (E.S.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (D.O.); (N.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sophia Bhalla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (E.S.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (D.O.); (N.L.)
| | - Ahmed E. M. Elhassanny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Anagha Malur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (E.S.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (D.O.); (N.L.)
| | - David Ogburn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (E.S.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (D.O.); (N.L.)
| | - Nancy Leffler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (E.S.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (D.O.); (N.L.)
| | - Achut G. Malur
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, St. George’s University, St. George 999166, Grenada;
| | - Mary Jane Thomassen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (E.S.); (S.B.); (A.M.); (D.O.); (N.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Tajbakhsh A, Gheibihayat SM, Mortazavi D, Medhati P, Rostami B, Savardashtaki A, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. The Effect of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on Efferocytosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment Opportunities. COPD 2021; 18:723-736. [PMID: 34865568 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1978419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking-related inflammation, cellular stresses, and tissue destruction play a key role in lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Notably, augmented apoptosis and impaired clearance of apoptotic cells, efferocytosis, contribute to the chronic inflammatory response and tissue destruction in patients with COPD. Of note, exposure to cigarette smoke can impair alveolar macrophages efferocytosis activity, which leads to secondary necrosis formation and tissue inflammation. A better understanding of the processes behind the effect of cigarette smoke on efferocytosis concerning lung disorders can help to design more efficient treatment approaches and also delay the development of lung disease, such as COPD. To this end, we aimed to seek mechanisms underlying the impairing effect of cigarette smoke on macrophages-mediated efferocytosis in COPD. Further, available therapeutic opportunities for restoring efferocytosis activity and ameliorating respiratory tract inflammation in smokers with COPD were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Deniz Mortazavi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pourya Medhati
- Student research committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behrouz Rostami
- Health & Treatment Center of Rostam, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Iran's National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are lung-resident myeloid cells that sit at the interface of the airway and lung tissue. Under homeostatic conditions, their primary function is to clear debris, dead cells and excess surfactant from the airways. They also serve as innate pulmonary sentinels for respiratory pathogens and environmental airborne particles and as regulators of pulmonary inflammation. However, they have not typically been viewed as primary therapeutic targets for respiratory diseases. Here, we discuss the role of AMs in various lung diseases, explore the potential therapeutic strategies to target these innate cells and weigh the potential risks and challenges of such therapies. Additionally, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we examine the role AMs play in severe disease and the therapeutic strategies that have been harnessed to modulate their function and protect against severe lung damage. There are many novel approaches in development to target AMs, such as inhaled antibiotics, liposomal and microparticle delivery systems, and host-directed therapies, which have the potential to provide critical treatment to patients suffering from severe respiratory diseases, yet there is still much work to be done to fully understand the possible benefits and risks of such approaches.
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31
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Kim BM, Lee YJ, Choi YH, Park EM, Kang JL. Gas6 Ameliorates Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis in Bleomycin-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1674. [PMID: 34829903 PMCID: PMC8615678 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by alveolar damage, lung edema, and exacerbated inflammatory response. Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) mediates many different functions, including cell survival, proliferation, inflammatory signaling, and apoptotic cell clearance (efferocytosis). The role of Gas6 in bleomycin (BLM)-induced ALI is unknown. We investigated whether exogenous administration of mouse recombinant Gas6 (rGas6) has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on BLM-induced ALI. Compared to mice treated with only BLM, the administration of rGas6 reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and increased the secretion of hepatocyte growth factor in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. rGas6 administration also reduced BLM-induced inflammation and apoptosis as evidenced by reduced neutrophil recruitment into the lungs, total protein levels in BAL fluid, caspase-3 activity, and TUNEL-positive lung cells in lung tissue. Apoptotic cell clearance by alveolar macrophages was also enhanced in mice treated with both BLM and rGas6 compared with mice treated with only BLM. rGas6 also had pro-resolving and anti-apoptotic effects in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and alveolar epithelial cell lines stimulated with BLM in vitro. These findings indicate that rGas6 may play a protective role in BLM-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Min Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea; (B.-M.K.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea; (B.-M.K.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea; (B.-M.K.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea;
| | - Jihee Lee Kang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea; (B.-M.K.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
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Abstract
Purpose of Review The incidence of allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis has risen at an alarming rate over the last century. Thus, there is a clear need to understand the critical factors that drive such pathologic immune responses. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) is a nuclear receptor that has emerged as an important regulator of multiple cell types involved in the inflammatory response to allergens; from airway epithelial cells to T Helper (TH) cells. Recent Findings Initial studies suggested that agonists of PPAR-γ could be employed to temper allergic inflammation, suppressing pro-inflammatory gene expression programs in epithelial cells. Several lines of work now suggest that PPAR-γ plays an essential in promoting ‘type 2’ immune responses that are typically associated with allergic disease. PPAR-γ has been found to promote the functions of TH2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, M2 macrophages and dendritic cells, regulating lipid metabolism and directly inducing effector gene expression. Moreover, preclinical models of allergy in gene-targeted mice have increasingly implicated PPAR-γ in driving allergic inflammation. Summary Herein, we highlight the contrasting roles of PPAR-γ in allergic inflammation and hypothesize that the availability of environmental ligands for PPAR-γ may be at the heart of the rise in allergic diseases worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Stark
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan M Coquet
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christopher A Tibbitt
- Centre for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Martinez J, Cook DN. What's the deal with efferocytosis and asthma? Trends Immunol 2021; 42:904-919. [PMID: 34503911 PMCID: PMC9843639 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal sites, such as the lung, serve as crucial, yet vulnerable barriers to environmental insults such as pathogens, allergens, and toxins. Often, these exposures induce massive infiltration and death of short-lived immune cells in the lung, and efficient clearance of these cells is important for preventing hyperinflammation and resolving immunopathology. Herein, we review recent advances in our understanding of efferocytosis, a process whereby phagocytes clear dead cells in a noninflammatory manner. We further discuss how efferocytosis impacts the onset and severity of asthma in humans and mammalian animal models of disease. Finally, we explore how recently identified genetic perturbations or biological pathway modulations affect pathogenesis and shed light on novel therapies aimed at treating or preventing asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Donald N Cook
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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34
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Adipose Tissue Immunometabolism and Apoptotic Cell Clearance. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092288. [PMID: 34571937 PMCID: PMC8470283 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The safe removal of apoptotic debris by macrophages—often referred to as efferocytosis—is crucial for maintaining tissue integrity and preventing self-immunity or tissue damaging inflammation. Macrophages clear tissues of hazardous materials from dying cells and ultimately adopt a pro-resolving activation state. However, adipocyte apoptosis is an inflammation-generating process, and the removal of apoptotic adipocytes by so-called adipose tissue macrophages triggers a sequence of events that lead to meta-inflammation and obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Signals that allow apoptotic cells to control macrophage immune functions are complex and involve metabolites released by the apoptotic cells and also metabolites produced by the macrophages during the digestion of apoptotic cell contents. This review provides a concise summary of the adipocyte-derived metabolites that potentially control adipose tissue macrophage immune functions and, hence, may induce or alleviate adipose tissue inflammation.
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35
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Halaby MJ, McGaha TL. Amino Acid Transport and Metabolism in Myeloid Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695238. [PMID: 34456909 PMCID: PMC8397459 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of amino acid availability and metabolism in immune cells is essential for immune system homeostasis and responses to exogenous and endogenous challenges including microbial infection, tumorigenesis and autoimmunity. In myeloid cells the consumption of amino acids such as arginine and tryptophan and availability of their metabolites are key drivers of cellular identity impacting development, functional polarization to an inflammatory or regulatory phenotype, and interaction with other immune cells. In this review, we discuss recent developments and emerging concepts in our understanding of the impact amino acid availability and consumption has on cellular phenotype focusing on two key myeloid cell populations, macrophages and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). We also highlight the potential of myeloid-specific of amino acid transporters and catabolic enzymes as immunotherapy targets in a variety of conditions such as cancer and autoimmune disease discussing the opportunities and limitations in targeting these pathways for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Jo Halaby
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tracy L McGaha
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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36
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Development of mode of action networks related to the potential role of PPARγ in respiratory diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105821. [PMID: 34403731 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a key transcription factor, operating at the intercept of metabolic control and immunomodulation. It is ubiquitously expressed in multiple tissues and organs, including lungs. There is a growing body of information supporting the role of PPARγ signalling in respiratory diseases. The aim of the present study was to develop mode of action (MoA) networks reflecting the relationships between PPARγ signalling and the progression/alleviation of a spectrum of lung pathologies. Data mining was performed using the resources of the NIH PubMed and PubChem information systems. By linking available data on pathological/therapeutic effects of PPARγ modulation, knowledge-based MoA networking at different levels of biological organization (molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and system) was performed. Multiple MoA networks were developed to relate PPARγ modulation to the progress or the alleviation of pulmonary disorders, triggered by diverse pathogenic, genetic, chemical, or mechanical factors. Pharmacological targeting of PPARγ signalling was discussed with regard to ligand- and cell type-specific effects in the context of distinct disease inductor- and disease stage-dependent patterns. The proposed MoA networking analysis allows for a better understanding of the potential role of PPARγ modulation in lung pathologies. It presents a mechanistically justified basis for further computational, experimental, and clinical monitoring studies on the dynamic control of PPARγ signalling in respiratory diseases.
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37
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Doni A, Mantovani A, Bottazzi B, Russo RC. PTX3 Regulation of Inflammation, Hemostatic Response, Tissue Repair, and Resolution of Fibrosis Favors a Role in Limiting Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:676702. [PMID: 34276664 PMCID: PMC8284251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PTX3 is a soluble pattern recognition molecule (PRM) belonging to the humoral innate immune system, rapidly produced at inflammatory sites by phagocytes and stromal cells in response to infection or tissue injury. PTX3 interacts with microbial moieties and selected pathogens, with molecules of the complement and hemostatic systems, and with extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In wound sites, PTX3 interacts with fibrin and plasminogen and favors a timely removal of fibrin-rich ECM for an efficient tissue repair. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown origin, associated with excessive ECM deposition affecting tissue architecture, with irreversible loss of lung function and impact on the patient's life quality. Maccarinelli et al. recently demonstrated a protective role of PTX3 using the bleomycin (BLM)-induced experimental model of lung fibrosis, in line with the reported role of PTX3 in tissue repair. However, the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of PTX3 in IPF remained to be investigated. Herein, we provide new insights on the possible role of PTX3 in the development of IPF and BLM-induced lung fibrosis. In mice, PTX3-deficiency was associated with worsening of the disease and with impaired fibrin removal and subsequently increased collagen deposition. In IPF patients, microarray data indicated a down-regulation of PTX3 expression, thus suggesting a potential rational underlying the development of disease. Therefore, we provide new insights for considering PTX3 as a possible target molecule underlying therapeutic intervention in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Doni
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Remo Castro Russo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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38
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Maione AS, Stadiotti I, Pilato CA, Perrucci GL, Saverio V, Catto V, Vettor G, Casella M, Guarino A, Polvani G, Pompilio G, Sommariva E. Excess TGF-β1 Drives Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to a Pro-Fibrotic Commitment in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052673. [PMID: 33800912 PMCID: PMC7961797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (ACM) is characterized by the replacement of the myocardium with fibrotic or fibro-fatty tissue and inflammatory infiltrates in the heart. To date, while ACM adipogenesis is a well-investigated differentiation program, ACM-related fibrosis remains a scientific gap of knowledge. In this study, we analyze the fibrotic process occurring during ACM pathogenesis focusing on the role of cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (C-MSC) as a source of myofibroblasts. We performed the ex vivo studies on plasma and right ventricular endomyocardial bioptic samples collected from ACM patients and healthy control donors (HC). In vitro studies were performed on C-MSC isolated from endomyocardial biopsies of both groups. Our results revealed that circulating TGF-β1 levels are significantly higher in the ACM cohort than in HC. Accordingly, fibrotic markers are increased in ACM patient-derived cardiac biopsies compared to HC ones. This difference is not evident in isolated C-MSC. Nevertheless, ACM C-MSC are more responsive than HC ones to TGF-β1 treatment, in terms of pro-fibrotic differentiation and higher activation of the SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. These results provide the novel evidence that C-MSC are a source of myofibroblasts and participate in ACM fibrotic remodeling, being highly responsive to ACM-characteristic excess TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Serena Maione
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.A.P.); (G.L.P.); (V.S.); (G.P.); (E.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5800-2753
| | - Ilaria Stadiotti
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.A.P.); (G.L.P.); (V.S.); (G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Chiara Assunta Pilato
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.A.P.); (G.L.P.); (V.S.); (G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Gianluca Lorenzo Perrucci
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.A.P.); (G.L.P.); (V.S.); (G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Valentina Saverio
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.A.P.); (G.L.P.); (V.S.); (G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Valentina Catto
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Research Centre, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (G.V.); (M.C.)
| | - Giulia Vettor
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Research Centre, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (G.V.); (M.C.)
| | - Michela Casella
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Research Centre, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (G.V.); (M.C.)
| | - Anna Guarino
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Gianluca Polvani
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (A.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.A.P.); (G.L.P.); (V.S.); (G.P.); (E.S.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sommariva
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.A.P.); (G.L.P.); (V.S.); (G.P.); (E.S.)
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39
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STAT6 Signaling Mediates PPARγ Activation and Resolution of Acute Sterile Inflammation in Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030501. [PMID: 33652833 PMCID: PMC7996818 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) transcription factor promotes activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) pathway in macrophages. Little is known about the effect of proximal signal transduction leading to PPARγ activation for the resolution of acute inflammation. Here, we studied the role of STAT6 signaling in PPARγ activation and the resolution of acute sterile inflammation in a murine model of zymosan-induced peritonitis. First, we showed that STAT6 is aberrantly activated in peritoneal macrophages after zymosan injection. Utilizing STAT6−/− and wild-type (WT) mice, we found that STAT6 deficiency further enhanced zymosan-induced proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in peritoneal lavage fluid (PLF) and serum, neutrophil numbers and total protein amount in PLF, but reduced proresolving molecules, such as IL-10 and hepatocyte growth factor, in PLF. The peritoneal macrophages and spleens of STAT6−/− mice exhibited lower mRNA and protein levels of PPARγ and its target molecules over the course of inflammation than those of WT mice. The deficiency of STAT6 was shown to impair efferocytosis by peritoneal macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that enhanced STAT6 signaling results in PPARγ-mediated macrophage programming, contributing to increased efferocytosis and inflammation resolution.
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40
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Zheng DJ, Abou Taka M, Heit B. Role of Apoptotic Cell Clearance in Pneumonia and Inflammatory Lung Disease. Pathogens 2021; 10:134. [PMID: 33572846 PMCID: PMC7912081 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia and inflammatory diseases of the pulmonary system such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. While the etiology of these diseases is highly different, they share a number of similarities in the underlying inflammatory processes driving disease pathology. Multiple recent studies have identified failures in efferocytosis-the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells-as a common driver of inflammation and tissue destruction in these diseases. Effective efferocytosis has been shown to be important for resolving inflammatory diseases of the lung and the subsequent restoration of normal lung function, while many pneumonia-causing pathogens manipulate the efferocytic system to enhance their growth and avoid immunity. Moreover, some treatments used to manage these patients, such as inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the prevalent use of statins for cardiovascular disease, have been found to beneficially alter efferocytic activity in these patients. In this review, we provide an overview of the efferocytic process and its role in the pathophysiology and resolution of pneumonia and other inflammatory diseases of the lungs, and discuss the utility of existing and emerging therapies for modulating efferocytosis as potential treatments for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jiao Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Maria Abou Taka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Bryan Heit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
- Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada
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41
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Miyagawa T, Taniguchi T, Saigusa R, Fukayama M, Takahashi T, Yamashita T, Hirabayashi M, Miura S, Nakamura K, Yoshizaki A, Sato S, Asano Y. Fli1 deficiency induces endothelial adipsin expression, contributing to the onset of pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:2005-2015. [PMID: 31782787 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adipsin, or complement factor D, is a serine proteinase catalysing complement factor C3 breakdown, leading to the production of opsonin (C3b), membrane attack complex (C5b-C9) and anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a). Since adipsin is potentially associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in SSc, we investigated adipsin expression in dermal small vessels of SSc-involved skin, the mechanism regulating adipsin expression in endothelial cells, and the correlation of serum adipsin levels with SSc clinical symptoms. METHODS Adipsin expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry with skin sections of SSc and healthy subjects. mRNA levels of target genes and transcription factor binding to the ADIPSIN promoter were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation, respectively. Serum adipsin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Adipsin expression was remarkably increased in dermal small vessels of SSc-involved skin as compared with those of healthy control skin. Consistent with the notion that Fli1 deficiency induces SSc-like phenotypes in various types of cells, FLI1 siRNA enhanced adipsin expression at protein and mRNA levels and Fli1 bound to the ADIPSIN promoter in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Serum adipsin levels were significantly lower in diffuse cutaneous SSc patients than in limited cutaneous SSc patients and healthy controls, and were associated positively with elevated right ventricular systolic pressure and inversely with interstitial lung disease by multivariate regression analysis. CONCLUSION Adipsin is up-regulated at least partially by Fli1 deficiency in endothelial cells, potentially contributing to the development of pulmonary vascular involvement in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Miyagawa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Saigusa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maiko Fukayama
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamashita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Hirabayashi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Miura
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouki Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Asano
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kalinski AL, Yoon C, Huffman LD, Duncker PC, Kohen R, Passino R, Hafner H, Johnson C, Kawaguchi R, Carbajal KS, Jara JS, Hollis E, Geschwind DH, Segal BM, Giger RJ. Analysis of the immune response to sciatic nerve injury identifies efferocytosis as a key mechanism of nerve debridement. eLife 2020; 9:60223. [PMID: 33263277 PMCID: PMC7735761 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sciatic nerve crush injury triggers sterile inflammation within the distal nerve and axotomized dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Granulocytes and pro-inflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes infiltrate the nerve first and rapidly give way to Ly6Cnegative inflammation-resolving macrophages. In axotomized DRGs, few hematogenous leukocytes are detected and resident macrophages acquire a ramified morphology. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of injured sciatic nerve identifies five macrophage subpopulations, repair Schwann cells, and mesenchymal precursor cells. Macrophages at the nerve crush site are molecularly distinct from macrophages associated with Wallerian degeneration. In the injured nerve, macrophages ‘eat’ apoptotic leukocytes, a process called efferocytosis, and thereby promote an anti-inflammatory milieu. Myeloid cells in the injured nerve, but not axotomized DRGs, strongly express receptors for the cytokine GM-CSF. In GM-CSF-deficient (Csf2-/-) mice, inflammation resolution is delayed and conditioning-lesion-induced regeneration of DRG neuron central axons is abolished. Thus, carefully orchestrated inflammation resolution in the nerve is required for conditioning-lesion-induced neurorepair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Kalinski
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Choya Yoon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Lucas D Huffman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Patrick C Duncker
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Rafi Kohen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Ryan Passino
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Hannah Hafner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Craig Johnson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Kevin S Carbajal
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
| | | | - Edmund Hollis
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, United States.,The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Benjamin M Segal
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, United States.,The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Roman J Giger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States
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43
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Strauss L, Mahmoud MAA, Weaver JD, Tijaro-Ovalle NM, Christofides A, Wang Q, Pal R, Yuan M, Asara J, Patsoukis N, Boussiotis VA. Targeted deletion of PD-1 in myeloid cells induces antitumor immunity. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/43/eaay1863. [PMID: 31901074 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aay1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PD-1, a T cell checkpoint receptor and target of cancer immunotherapy, is also expressed on myeloid cells. The role of myeloid-specific versus T cell-specific PD-1 ablation on antitumor immunity has remained unclear because most studies have used either PD-1-blocking antibodies or complete PD-1 KO mice. We generated a conditional allele, which allowed myeloid-specific (PD-1f/fLysMcre) or T cell-specific (PD-1f/fCD4cre) targeting of Pdcd1 gene. Compared with T cell-specific PD-1 ablation, myeloid cell-specific PD-1 ablation more effectively decreased tumor growth. We found that granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (GMPs), which accumulate during cancer-driven emergency myelopoiesis and give rise to myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), express PD-1. In tumor-bearing PD-1f/fLysMcre but not PD-1f/fCD4cre mice, accumulation of GMP and MDSC was prevented, whereas systemic output of effector myeloid cells was increased. Myeloid cell-specific PD-1 ablation induced an increase of T effector memory cells with improved functionality and mediated antitumor protection despite preserved PD-1 expression in T cells. In PD-1-deficient myeloid progenitors, growth factors driving emergency myelopoiesis induced increased metabolic intermediates of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and TCA cycle but, most prominently, elevated cholesterol. Because cholesterol is required for differentiation of inflammatory macrophages and DC and promotes antigen-presenting function, our findings indicate that metabolic reprogramming of emergency myelopoiesis and differentiation of effector myeloid cells might be a key mechanism of antitumor immunity mediated by PD-1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Strauss
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mohamed A A Mahmoud
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jessica D Weaver
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Natalia M Tijaro-Ovalle
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anthos Christofides
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rinku Pal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Min Yuan
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - John Asara
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nikolaos Patsoukis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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44
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Hosszu KK, Valentino A, Peerschke EI, Ghebrehiwet B. SLE: Novel Postulates for Therapeutic Options. Front Immunol 2020; 11:583853. [PMID: 33117397 PMCID: PMC7575694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic deficiency in C1q is a strong susceptibility factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There are two major hypotheses that potentially explain the role of C1q in SLE. The first postulates that C1q deficiency abrogates apoptotic cell clearance, leading to persistently high loads of potentially immunogenic self-antigens that trigger autoimmune responses. While C1q undoubtedly plays an important role in apoptotic clearance, an essential biological process such as removal of self- waste is so critical for host survival that multiple ligand-receptor combinations do fortunately exist to ensure that proper disposal of apoptotic debris is accomplished even in the absence of C1q. The second hypothesis is based on the observation that locally synthesized C1q plays a critical role in regulating the earliest stages of monocyte to dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and function. Indeed, circulating C1q has been shown to keep monocytes in a pre-dendritic state by silencing key molecular players and ensuring that unwarranted DC-driven immune responses do not occur. Monocytes are also able to display macromolecular C1 on their surface, representing a novel mechanism for the recognition of circulating "danger." Translation of this danger signal in turn, provides the requisite "license" to trigger a differentiation pathway that leads to adaptive immune response. Based on this evidence, the second hypothesis proposes that deficiency in C1q dysregulates monocyte-to-DC differentiation and causes inefficient or defective maintenance of self-tolerance. The fact that C1q receptors (cC1qR and gC1qR) are also expressed on the surface of both monocytes and DCs, suggests that C1q/C1qR may regulate DC differentiation and function through specific cell-signaling pathways. While their primary ligand is C1q, C1qRs can also independently recognize a vast array of plasma proteins as well as pathogen-associated molecular ligands, indicating that these molecules may collaborate in antigen recognition and processing, and thus regulate DC-differentiation. This review will therefore focus on the role of C1q and C1qRs in SLE and explore the gC1qR/C1q axis as a potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga K Hosszu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alisa Valentino
- Department of Lab Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ellinor I Peerschke
- Department of Lab Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Berhane Ghebrehiwet
- The Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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45
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Rajasinghe LD, Chauhan PS, Wierenga KA, Evered AO, Harris SN, Bates MA, Gavrilin MA, Pestka JJ. Omega-3 Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Impedes Silica-Induced Macrophage Corpse Accumulation by Attenuating Cell Death and Potentiating Efferocytosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2179. [PMID: 33123123 PMCID: PMC7573148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway exposure of lupus-prone NZBWF1 mice to crystalline silica (cSiO2), a known trigger of human autoimmune disease, elicits sterile inflammation and alveolar macrophage death in the lung that, in turn, induces early autoimmune onset and accelerates lupus progression to fatal glomerulonephritis. Dietary supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a marine ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), markedly ameliorates cSiO2-triggered pulmonary, systemic, and renal manifestations of lupus. Here, we tested the hypothesis that DHA influences both cSiO2-induced death and efferocytotic clearance of resultant cell corpses using three murine macrophage models: (i) primary alveolar macrophages (AM) isolated from NZBWF1 mice; (ii) self-renewing AM-like Max Planck Institute (MPI) cells isolated from fetuses of C57BL/6 mice, and (iii) RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, a virus-transformed cell line derived from BALB/c mice stably transfected with the inflammasome adaptor protein ASC (RAW-ASC). Incubation with cSiO2 at 25 and 50 μg/ml for 6 h was found to dose-dependently induce cell death (p < 0.05) in all three models as determined by both acridine orange/propidium iodide staining and release of lactate dehydrogenase into cell culture supernatant. Pre-incubation with DHA at a physiologically relevant concentration (25 μM) significantly reduced cSiO2-induced death (p < 0.05) in all three models. Cell death induction by cSiO2 alone and its suppression by DHA were primarily associated with caspase-3/7 activation, suggestive of apoptosis, in AM, MPI, and RAW-ASC cells. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that all three macrophage models were similarly capable of efferocytosing RAW-ASC target cell corpses. Furthermore, MPI effector cells could likewise engulf RAW-ASC target cell corpses elicited by treatment with staurosporine (apoptosis), LPS, and nigericin (pyroptosis), or cSiO2. Pre-incubation of RAW-ASC target cells with 25 μM DHA prior to death induced by these agents significantly enhanced their efferocytosis (p < 0.05) by MPI effector cells. In contrast, pre-incubating MPI effector cells with DHA did not affect engulfment of RAW-ASC target cells pre-incubated with vehicle. Taken together, these findings indicate that DHA at a physiologically relevant concentration was capable of attenuating macrophage death and could potentiate efferocytosis, with the net effect of reducing accumulation of cell corpses capable of eliciting autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichchavi D Rajasinghe
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Preeti S Chauhan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kathryn A Wierenga
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Augustus O Evered
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shamya N Harris
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Melissa A Bates
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - James J Pestka
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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46
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Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T, Lambris JD. Current understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis and targets for host-modulation therapy. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:14-34. [PMID: 32844416 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances indicate that periodontitis is driven by reciprocally reinforced interactions between a dysbiotic microbiome and dysregulated inflammation. Inflammation is not only a consequence of dysbiosis but, via mediating tissue dysfunction and damage, fuels further growth of selectively dysbiotic communities of bacteria (inflammophiles), thereby generating a self-sustained feed-forward loop that perpetuates the disease. These considerations provide a strong rationale for developing adjunctive host-modulation therapies for the treatment of periodontitis. Such host-modulation approaches aim to inhibit harmful inflammation and promote its resolution or to interfere directly with downstream effectors of connective tissue and bone destruction. This paper reviews diverse strategies targeted to modulate the host periodontal response and discusses their mechanisms of action, perceived safety, and potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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47
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Ho GT, Cartwright JA, Thompson EJ, Bain CC, Rossi AG. Resolution of Inflammation and Gut Repair in IBD: Translational Steps Towards Complete Mucosal Healing. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1131-1143. [PMID: 32232386 PMCID: PMC7365805 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant recent therapeutic advances, complete mucosal healing remains a difficult treatment target for many patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to achieve. Our review focuses on the translational concept of promoting resolution of inflammation and repair as a necessary adjunctive step to reach this goal. We explore the roles of inflammatory cell apoptosis and efferocytosis to promote resolution, the new knowledge of gut monocyte-macrophage populations and their secreted prorepair mediators, and the processes of gut epithelial repair and regeneration to bridge this gap. We discuss the need and rationale for this vision and the tangible steps toward integrating proresolution therapies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwo-tzer Ho
- Edinburgh IBD Science Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom,Address correspondence to: Gwo-tzer Ho, FRCP, PhD, Edinburgh IBD Science Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, United Kingdom ()
| | - Jennifer A Cartwright
- Edinburgh IBD Science Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Emily J Thompson
- Edinburgh IBD Science Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Calum C Bain
- Edinburgh IBD Science Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Edinburgh IBD Science Unit, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
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48
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Kajikawa T, Wang B, Li X, Wang H, Chavakis T, Moutsopoulos NM, Hajishengallis G. Frontline Science: Activation of metabolic nuclear receptors restores periodontal tissue homeostasis in mice with leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1501-1514. [PMID: 32421906 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5hi0420-648r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
β2 Integrins mediate neutrophil-endothelial adhesion and recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammation. The diminished expression of β2 integrins in patients with mutations in the ITGB2 (CD18) gene (leukocyte adhesion deficiency-Type 1; LAD1) results in few or no neutrophils in peripheral tissues. In the periodontium, neutrophil paucity is associated with up-regulation of IL-23 and IL-17, which drive inflammatory bone loss. Using a relevant mouse model, we investigated whether diminished efferocytosis (owing to neutrophil scarcity) is associated with LAD1 periodontitis pathogenesis and aimed to develop approaches to restore the missing efferocytosis signals. We first showed that CD18-/- mice phenocopied human LAD1 in terms of IL-23/IL-17-driven inflammatory bone loss. Ab-mediated blockade of c-Mer tyrosine kinase (Mer), a major efferocytic receptor, mimicked LAD1-associated up-regulation of gingival IL-23 and IL-17 mRNA expression in wild-type (WT) mice. Consistently, soluble Mer-Fc reversed the inhibitory effect of efferocytosis on IL-23 expression in LPS-activated Mϕs. Adoptive transfer of WT neutrophils to CD18-/- mice down-regulated IL-23 and IL-17 expression to normal levels, but not when CD18-/- mice were treated with blocking anti-Mer Ab. Synthetic agonist-induced activation of liver X receptors (LXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), which link efferocytosis to generation of homeostatic signals, inhibited the expression of IL-23 and IL-17 and favorably affected the bone levels of CD18-/- mice. Therefore, our data link diminished efferocytosis-associated signaling due to impaired neutrophil recruitment to dysregulation of the IL-23-IL-17 axis and, moreover, suggest LXR and PPAR as potential therapeutic targets for treating LAD1 periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Kajikawa
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Baomei Wang
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - George Hajishengallis
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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49
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Lin D, Kang X, Shen L, Tu S, Lenahan C, Chen Y, Wang X, Shao A. Efferocytosis and Its Associated Cytokines: A Light on Non-tumor and Tumor Diseases? MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 17:394-407. [PMID: 32346605 PMCID: PMC7186127 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Billions of cells undergo turnover and die via apoptosis throughout our lifetime. A prompt clearance of these apoptotic cells and debris by phagocytic cells, a process known as efferocytosis, is important in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Accordingly, impaired efferocytosis due to the defective clearance and disrupted stages can lead to a growing number of inflammation- and immune-related diseases. Although numerous studies have shown the mechanisms of efferocytosis, its role in disorders, such as non-tumor and tumor diseases, remains poorly understood. This review summarizes the processes and signal molecules in efferocytosis, and efferocytosis-related functions in non-tumor (e.g., atherosclerosis, lung diseases) and tumor diseases (e.g., breast cancer, prostate cancer), as well as describes the role of involved cytokines. Of note, there is a dual role of efferocytosis in the abovementioned disorders, and a paradoxical effect among non-tumor and tumor diseases in terms of inflammation resolution, immune response, and disease progression. Briefly, intact efferocytosis and cytokines promote tissue repair, while they contribute to tumor progression via the tumor microenvironment and macrophage politzerization. Additionally, this review provides potential targets associated with TAM (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) receptors and cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α and CXCL5, suggesting potential novel therapeutic ways in treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodiao Kang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, USA.,Center for Neuroscience Research, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA, USA
| | - Yiding Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Sangphech N, Keawvilai P, Palaga T. Notch signaling increases PPARγ protein stability and enhances lipid uptake through AKT in IL-4-stimulated THP-1 and primary human macrophages. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1082-1095. [PMID: 32274896 PMCID: PMC7262939 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling and nuclear receptor PPARγ are involved in macrophage polarization, but cross talk between them has not been reported in macrophages. In this study, the effect of Notch signaling on PPARγ in IL‐4‐stimulated human macrophages (M(IL‐4)) was investigated using THP‐1‐derived macrophages and human monocyte‐derived macrophages as models. Human M(IL‐4) increased the expression of JAGGED1 and activated Notch signaling. Overexpression of Notch1 intracellular domain (NIC1) increased PPARγ expression, while inhibiting Notch signaling decreased PPARγ levels in M(IL‐4). NIC1 overexpression in THP‐1‐derived macrophages increased PPARγ protein stability by delaying its proteasome‐mediated degradation, but did not affect its mRNA. Phosphorylation of AKT was enhanced in NIC1‐overexpressing cells, and a specific AKT inhibitor reduced the level of PPARγ. NIC1‐overexpressing THP‐1 cells exhibited increased CD36 levels via activation of PPARγ, resulting in enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation. In summary, this study provides evidence linking Notch signaling and PPARγ via AKT in M(IL‐4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naunpun Sangphech
- Inter-disciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornlapat Keawvilai
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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