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Wang X, Ma J, Dong Y, Ren X, Li R, Yang G, She G, Tan Y, Chen S. Exploration on the potential efficacy and mechanism of methyl salicylate glycosides in the treatment of schizophrenia based on bioinformatics, molecular docking and dynamics simulation. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:64. [PMID: 39019913 PMCID: PMC11255270 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The etiological and therapeutic complexities of schizophrenia (SCZ) persist, prompting exploration of anti-inflammatory therapy as a potential treatment approach. Methyl salicylate glycosides (MSGs), possessing a structural parent nucleus akin to aspirin, are being investigated for their therapeutic potential in schizophrenia. Utilizing bioinformation mining, network pharmacology, molecular docking and dynamics simulation, the potential value and mechanism of MSGs (including MSTG-A, MSTG-B, and Gaultherin) in the treatment of SCZ, as well as the underlying pathogenesis of the disorder, were examined. 581 differentially expressed genes related to SCZ were identified in patients and healthy individuals, with 349 up-regulated genes and 232 down-regulated genes. 29 core targets were characterized by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, with the top 10 core targets being BDNF, VEGFA, PVALB, KCNA1, GRIN2A, ATP2B2, KCNA2, APOE, PPARGC1A and SCN1A. The pathogenesis of SCZ primarily involves cAMP signaling, neurodegenerative diseases and other pathways, as well as regulation of ion transmembrane transport. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the three candidates exhibited binding activity with certain targets with binding affinities ranging from -4.7 to -109.2 kcal/mol. MSTG-A, MSTG-B and Gaultherin show promise for use in the treatment of SCZ, potentially through their ability to modulate the expression of multiple genes involved in synaptic structure and function, ion transport, energy metabolism. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed good binding abilities between MSTG-A, MSTG-B, Gaultherin and ATP2B2. It suggests new avenues for further investigation in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhuan Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, PR China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Jiamu Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Ying Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Ruoming Li
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, PR China
| | - Guigang Yang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, PR China
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, PR China.
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, PR China.
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De Marco M, Wright LM, Valera Bermejo JM, Ferguson CE. APOE ε4 positivity predicts centrality of episodic memory nodes in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A cohort-based, graph theory-informed study of cognitive networks. Neuropsychologia 2024; 192:108741. [PMID: 38040087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
As network neuroscience can capture the systemic impact of APOE variability at a neuroimaging level, this study investigated the network-based cognitive endophenotypes of ε4-carriers and non-carriers across the continuum between normal ageing and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). We hypothesised that the impact of APOE-ε4 on cognitive functioning can be reliably captured by the measurement of graph-theory centrality. Cognitive networks were calculated in 8118 controls, 3482 MCI patients and 4573 AD patients, recruited in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) database. Nodal centrality was selected as the neurofunctional readout of interest. ε4-carrier-vs.-non-carrier differences were tested in two independent NACC sub-cohorts assessed with either Version 1 or Version 2 of the Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery. A significant APOE-dependent effect emerged from the analysis of the Logical-Memory nodes in MCI patients in both sub-cohorts. While non-carriers showed equal centrality in immediate and delayed recall, the latter was significantly less central among carriers (v1: bootstrapped confidence interval 0.107-0.667, p < 0.001; v2: bootstrapped confidence interval 0.018-0.432, p < 0.001). This indicates that, in carriers, delayed recall was, overall, significantly more weakly correlated with the other cognitive scores. These findings were replicated in the sub-groups of sole amnestic-MCI patients (n = 2971), were independent of differences in network communities, clinical severity or other demographic factors. No effects were found in the other two diagnostic groups. APOE-ε4 influences nodal properties of cognitive networks when patients are clinically classified as MCI. This highlights the importance of characterising the impact of risk factors on the wider cognitive network via network-neuroscience methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo De Marco
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Laura M Wright
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Manuel Valera Bermejo
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience; Department of Neuroimaging; King's College London; London, United Kingdom.
| | - Cameron E Ferguson
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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3
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Lahti J, Tuominen S, Yang Q, Pergola G, Ahmad S, Amin N, Armstrong NJ, Beiser A, Bey K, Bis JC, Boerwinkle E, Bressler J, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chen Q, Corley J, Cox SR, Davies G, De Jager PL, Derks EM, Faul JD, Fitzpatrick AL, Fohner AE, Ford I, Fornage M, Gerring Z, Grabe HJ, Grodstein F, Gudnason V, Simonsick E, Holliday EG, Joshi PK, Kajantie E, Kaprio J, Karell P, Kleineidam L, Knol MJ, Kochan NA, Kwok JB, Leber M, Lam M, Lee T, Li S, Loukola A, Luck T, Marioni RE, Mather KA, Medland S, Mirza SS, Nalls MA, Nho K, O'Donnell A, Oldmeadow C, Painter J, Pattie A, Reppermund S, Risacher SL, Rose RJ, Sadashivaiah V, Scholz M, Satizabal CL, Schofield PW, Schraut KE, Scott RJ, Simino J, Smith AV, Smith JA, Stott DJ, Surakka I, Teumer A, Thalamuthu A, Trompet S, Turner ST, van der Lee SJ, Villringer A, Völker U, Wilson RS, Wittfeld K, Vuoksimaa E, Xia R, Yaffe K, Yu L, Zare H, Zhao W, Ames D, Attia J, Bennett DA, Brodaty H, Chasman DI, Goldman AL, Hayward C, Ikram MA, Jukema JW, Kardia SLR, Lencz T, Loeffler M, Mattay VS, Palotie A, Psaty BM, Ramirez A, Ridker PM, Riedel-Heller SG, Sachdev PS, Saykin AJ, Scherer M, Schofield PR, Sidney S, Starr JM, Trollor J, Ulrich W, Wagner M, Weir DR, Wilson JF, Wright MJ, Weinberger DR, Debette S, Eriksson JG, Mosley TH, Launer LJ, van Duijn CM, Deary IJ, Seshadri S, Räikkönen K. Genome-wide meta-analyses reveal novel loci for verbal short-term memory and learning. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4419-4431. [PMID: 35974141 PMCID: PMC9734053 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the genomic basis of memory processes may help in combating neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, we examined the associations of common genetic variants with verbal short-term memory and verbal learning in adults without dementia or stroke (N = 53,637). We identified novel loci in the intronic region of CDH18, and at 13q21 and 3p21.1, as well as an expected signal in the APOE/APOC1/TOMM40 region. These results replicated in an independent sample. Functional and bioinformatic analyses supported many of these loci and further implicated POC1. We showed that polygenic score for verbal learning associated with brain activation in right parieto-occipital region during working memory task. Finally, we showed genetic correlations of these memory traits with several neurocognitive and health outcomes. Our findings suggest a role of several genomic loci in verbal memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Turku Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Samuli Tuominen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Alexa Beiser
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Katharina Bey
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qiang Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janie Corley
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eske M Derks
- Translational Neurogenomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alison E Fohner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute of Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- McGovern Medical School, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zachary Gerring
- Translational Neurogenomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Francine Grodstein
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Assocation, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eleanor Simonsick
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki and Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina Karell
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria J Knol
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole A Kochan
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John B Kwok
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Markus Leber
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Max Lam
- Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Teresa Lee
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anu Loukola
- Helsinki Biobank, University of Helsinki Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tobias Luck
- Department of Economic and Social Sciences & Institute of Social Medicine, Rehabilitation Sciences and Healthcare Research, University of Applied Sciences Nordhausen, Nordhausen, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Saira S Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adrienne O'Donnell
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Jodie Painter
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alison Pattie
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Richard J Rose
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Vijay Sadashivaiah
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Peter W Schofield
- Neuropsychiatry Service, Hunter New England Local Health District, Charlestown, NSW, Australia
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeannette Simino
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Assocation, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute of Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David J Stott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stella Trompet
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arno Villringer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Day Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert S Wilson
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rui Xia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Habil Zare
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
- University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, NA, US
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, St George's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John Attia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron L Goldman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Todd Lencz
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Venkata S Mattay
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Heath Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Martin Scherer
- Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Schofield
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Julian Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William Ulrich
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel R Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie Debette
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team VINTAGE, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU Bordeaux), Department of Neurology, Bordeaux, France
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Helsinki, Singapore
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Abstract
Behavioral genetics and cultural evolution have both revolutionized our understanding of human behavior-largely independent of each other. Here we reconcile these two fields under a dual inheritance framework, offering a more nuanced understanding of the interaction between genes and culture. Going beyond typical analyses of gene-environment interactions, we describe the cultural dynamics that shape these interactions by shaping the environment and population structure. A cultural evolutionary approach can explain, for example, how factors such as rates of innovation and diffusion, density of cultural sub-groups, and tolerance for behavioral diversity impact heritability estimates, thus yielding predictions for different social contexts. Moreover, when cumulative culture functionally overlaps with genes, genetic effects become masked, unmasked, or even reversed, and the causal effects of an identified gene become confounded with features of the cultural environment. The manner of confounding is specific to a particular society at a particular time, but a WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, democratic) sampling problem obscures this boundedness. Cultural evolutionary dynamics are typically missing from models of gene-to-phenotype causality, hindering generalizability of genetic effects across societies and across time. We lay out a reconciled framework and use it to predict the ways in which heritability should differ between societies, between socioeconomic levels and other groupings within some societies but not others, and over the life course. An integrated cultural evolutionary behavioral genetic approach cuts through the nature-nurture debate and helps resolve controversies in topics such as IQ.
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5
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Williams-Simon PA, Ganesan M, King EG. Learning to collaborate: bringing together behavior and quantitative genomics. J Neurogenet 2020; 34:28-35. [PMID: 31920134 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2019.1710145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The genetic basis of complex trait like learning and memory have been well studied over the decades. Through those groundbreaking findings, we now have a better understanding about some of the genes and pathways that are involved in learning and/or memory. However, few of these findings identified the naturally segregating variants that are influencing learning and/or memory within populations. In this special issue honoring the legacy of Troy Zars, we review some of the traditional approaches that have been used to elucidate the genetic basis of learning and/or memory, specifically in fruit flies. We highlight some of his contributions to the field, and specifically describe his vision to bring together behavior and quantitative genomics with the aim of expanding our knowledge of the genetic basis of both learning and memory. Finally, we present some of our recent work in this area using a multiparental population (MPP) as a case study and describe the potential of this approach to advance our understanding of neurogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathangi Ganesan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth G King
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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6
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Zhu Z, Chen B, Na R, Fang W, Zhang W, Zhou Q, Zhou S, Lei H, Huang A, Chen T, Ni D, Gu Y, Liu J, Rao Y, Fang F. Heritability of human visual contour integration-an integrated genomic study. Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:1867-1875. [PMID: 31363184 PMCID: PMC6871533 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0478-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Contour integration, a key visual function to deal with occlusion and discontinuity in natural scenes, is essential to human survival. However, individuals are not equally well equipped with this ability. In particular, contour integration deficiencies are commonly detected in patients with mental disorders, especially schizophrenia. To understand the underlying sources of these individual differences, the current study investigated the genetic basis of contour integration in humans. A total of 2619 normal participants were tested on their ability to detect continuous contours embedded in a cluttered background. Quantitative genomic analysis was performed, involving heritability estimation based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and association testing at SNP, gene, and pathway levels. Heritability estimation showed that common SNPs contributed 49.5% (standard error of the mean = 15.6%) of overall phenotypic variation, indicating moderate heritability of contour integration. Two-stage genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) detected four SNPs reaching genome-wide significance in the discovery test (N = 1931) but not passing the replication test (N = 688). Gene-level analysis further revealed a significant genome-wide association of a microRNA-encoding gene MIR1178 in both the discovery and replication cohorts. Another gene poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1 like, cytoplasmic (PABPN1L) showed suggestive significance in the discovery cohort (p < 1 × 10-4) and was replicated in the replication cohort (p = 0.009). The pathway analysis did not detect any significant pathway. Taken together, this study identified significant gene associations with contour integration and provided support for a genetic transmission of the ability to perceive continuous contours in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhu
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Biqing Chen
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren Na
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Fang
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Beijing Innovative Center for Genomics, Peking University School of Life Sciences, and National Institute of Biological Sciences, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxia Zhang
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanbi Zhou
- University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Lei
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongsheng Ni
- Division of Molecular Nephrology and Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuping Gu
- Division of Molecular Nephrology and Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Division of Molecular Nephrology and Creative Training Center for Undergraduates, M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Rao
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Innovative Center for Genomics, Peking University School of Life Sciences, and National Institute of Biological Sciences, 102206, Beijing, China.
| | - Fang Fang
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
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7
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Williams-Simon PA, Posey C, Mitchell S, Ng'oma E, Mrkvicka JA, Zars T, King EG. Multiple genetic loci affect place learning and memory performance in Drosophila melanogaster. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 18:e12581. [PMID: 31095869 PMCID: PMC6718298 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Learning and memory are critical functions for all animals, giving individuals the ability to respond to changes in their environment. Within populations, individuals vary, however the mechanisms underlying this variation in performance are largely unknown. Thus, it remains to be determined what genetic factors cause an individual to have high learning ability and what factors determine how well an individual will remember what they have learned. To genetically dissect learning and memory performance, we used the Drosophila synthetic population resource (DSPR), a multiparent mapping resource in the model system Drosophila melanogaster, consisting of a large set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) that naturally vary in these and other traits. Fruit flies can be trained in a "heat box" to learn to remain on one side of a chamber (place learning) and can remember this (place memory) over short timescales. Using this paradigm, we measured place learning and memory for ~49 000 individual flies from over 700 DSPR RILs. We identified 16 different loci across the genome that significantly affect place learning and/or memory performance, with 5 of these loci affecting both traits. To identify transcriptomic differences associated with performance, we performed RNA-Seq on pooled samples of seven high performing and seven low performing RILs for both learning and memory and identified hundreds of genes with differences in expression in the two sets. Integrating our transcriptomic results with the mapping results allowed us to identify nine promising candidate genes, advancing our understanding of the genetic basis underlying natural variation in learning and memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher Posey
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Samuel Mitchell
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Enoch Ng'oma
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - James A Mrkvicka
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Troy Zars
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth G King
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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8
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Luo N, Sui J, Chen J, Zhang F, Tian L, Lin D, Song M, Calhoun VD, Cui Y, Vergara VM, Zheng F, Liu J, Yang Z, Zuo N, Fan L, Xu K, Liu S, Li J, Xu Y, Liu S, Lv L, Chen J, Chen Y, Guo H, Li P, Lu L, Wan P, Wang H, Wang H, Yan H, Yan J, Yang Y, Zhang H, Zhang D, Jiang T. A Schizophrenia-Related Genetic-Brain-Cognition Pathway Revealed in a Large Chinese Population. EBioMedicine 2018; 37:471-482. [PMID: 30341038 PMCID: PMC6284414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past decades, substantial effort has been made to explore the genetic influence on brain structural/functional abnormalities in schizophrenia, as well as cognitive impairments. In this work, we aimed to extend previous studies to explore the internal mediation pathway among genetic factor, brain features and cognitive scores in a large Chinese dataset. METHODS Gray matter (GM) volume, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), and 4522 schizophrenia-susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from 905 Chinese subjects were jointly analyzed, to investigate the multimodal association. Based on the identified imaging-genetic pattern, correlations with cognition and mediation analysis were then conducted to reveal the potential mediation pathways. FINDINGS One linked imaging-genetic pattern was identified to be group discriminative, which was also associated with working memory performance. Particularly, GM reduction in thalamus, putamen and bilateral temporal gyrus in schizophrenia was associated with fALFF decrease in medial prefrontal cortex, both were also associated with genetic factors enriched in neuron development, synapse organization and axon pathways, highlighting genes including CSMD1, CNTNAP2, DCC, GABBR2 etc. This linked pattern was also replicated in an independent cohort (166 subjects), which although showed certain age and clinical differences with the discovery cohort. A further mediation analysis suggested that GM alterations significantly mediated the association from SNP to fALFF, while fALFF mediated the association from SNP and GM to working memory performance. INTERPRETATION This study has not only verified the impaired imaging-genetic association in schizophrenia, but also initially revealed a potential genetic-brain-cognition mediation pathway, indicating that polygenic risk factors could exert impact on phenotypic measures from brain structure to function, thus could further affect cognition in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Luo
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Sui
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; The Mind Research Network & LBERI, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jiayu Chen
- The Mind Research Network & LBERI, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | | | - Lin Tian
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- The Mind Research Network & LBERI, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Ming Song
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network & LBERI, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineer, The University of New, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Yue Cui
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Fanfan Zheng
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- The Mind Research Network & LBERI, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Zhenyi Yang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nianming Zuo
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingzhong Fan
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaibin Xu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shengfeng Liu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Li
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Clinical Medical College, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Clinical Medical College, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China; Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yunchun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Wan
- Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China; Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China,; Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China; Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Life Sciences, PKU-IDG, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Beijing 100190, China.
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9
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Multi-level genomic analyses suggest new genetic variants involved in human memory. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1668-1678. [PMID: 29970928 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of high-throughput genotyping platforms provides an opportunity to identify new genetic elements related to complex cognitive functions. Taking advantage of multi-level genomic analysis, here we studied the genetic basis of human short-term (STM, n = 1623) and long-term (LTM, n = 1522) memory functions. Heritability estimation based on single nucleotide polymorphism showed moderate (61%, standard error 35%) heritability of short-term memory but almost zero heritability of long-term memory. We further performed a two-step genome-wide association study, but failed to find any SNPs that could pass genome-wide significance and survive replication at the same time. However, suggestive significance for rs7011450 was found in the shared component of the two STM tasks. Further inspections on its nearby gene zinc finger and at-hook domain containing and SNPs around this gene showed suggestive association with STM. In LTM, a polymorphism within branched chain amino acid transaminase 2 showed suggestive significance in the discovery cohort and has been replicated in another independent population of 1862. Furthermore, we performed a pathway analysis based on the current genomic data and found pathways including mTOR signaling and axon guidance significantly associated with STM capacity. These findings warrant further replication in other larger populations.
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10
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Blokland GAM, Wallace AK, Hansell NK, Thompson PM, Hickie IB, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, McMahon KL, de Zubicaray GI, Wright MJ. Genome-wide association study of working memory brain activation. Int J Psychophysiol 2017; 115:98-111. [PMID: 27671502 PMCID: PMC5364069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In a population-based genome-wide association (GWA) study of n-back working memory task-related brain activation, we extracted the average percent BOLD signal change (2-back minus 0-back) from 46 regions-of-interest (ROIs) in functional MRI scans from 863 healthy twins and siblings. ROIs were obtained by creating spheres around group random effects analysis local maxima, and by thresholding a voxel-based heritability map of working memory brain activation at 50%. Quality control for test-retest reliability and heritability of ROI measures yielded 20 reliable (r>0.7) and heritable (h2>20%) ROIs. For GWA analysis, the cohort was divided into a discovery (n=679) and replication (n=97) sample. No variants survived the stringent multiple-testing-corrected genome-wide significance threshold (p<4.5×10-9), or were replicated (p<0.0016), but several genes were identified that are worthy of further investigation. A search of 529,379 genomic markers resulted in discovery of 31 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BOLD signal change at a discovery level of p<1×10-5. Two SNPs (rs7917410 and rs7672408) were associated at a significance level of p<1×10-7. Only one, most strongly affecting BOLD signal change in the left supramarginal gyrus (R2=5.5%), had multiple SNPs associated at p<1×10-5 in linkage disequilibrium with it, all located in and around the BANK1 gene. BANK1 encodes a B-cell-specific scaffold protein and has been shown to negatively regulate CD40-mediated AKT activation. AKT is part of the dopamine-signaling pathway, suggesting a mechanism for the involvement of BANK1 in the BOLD response to working memory. Variants identified here may be relevant to (the susceptibility to) common disorders affecting brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriëlla A M Blokland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Angus K Wallace
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Narelle K Hansell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 North Soto Street - Room 102, Marina del Rey, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Katie L McMahon
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Greig I de Zubicaray
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; Faculty of Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margaret J Wright
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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11
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Peters O, Heuser I, Frölich L, Rüther E, Rienhoff O, Kornhuber J, Wiltfang J, Maier W. [Dementia Competence Network. Results and outlook]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2016; 59:438-43. [PMID: 26979717 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-016-2314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dementia Competence Network (DCN) is represented by academic memory clinics and has three major aims: (1) To facilitate the development of diagnostic tools including neuropsychology, biomarkers, imaging and genetics. (2) To implement clinical trials in mild cognitive impairment and dementia and (3) to improve standard care for dementia in Germany. AIMS This article summarizes the achievements of the DCN so far and highlights future perspectives. METHODS The DCN has built up two multicentre cohorts. Within the first cohort, patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia were examined longitudinally using multiple neuropsychological assessments and numerous different biomarkers. In a subgroup of the first cohort, patients were treated with antidementive drugs in two placebo-controlled clinical trials. The second cohort included cognitively healthy older people and examined repetitively clinical, neuropsychological and psychosocial parameters for ten years. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The DCN has generated a large data and biomaterial bank. Numerous publications have helped to develop further diagnostic procedures and treatment of cognitive disorders and dementia. The DCN has contributed to end stigmatisation of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Peters
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin - CBF, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Isabella Heuser
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin - CBF, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Lutz Frölich
- Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - Eckart Rüther
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Universitätsklinik Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Otto Rienhoff
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Universitätsklinik Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Psychiatrische und Psychotherapeutische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Universitätsklinik Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland
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12
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Glahn DC, Knowles EEM, Pearlson GD. Genetics of cognitive control: Implications for Nimh's research domain criteria initiative. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171B:111-20. [PMID: 26768522 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive control refers to a set of mental processes that modulate other cognitive and emotional systems in service of goal-directed adaptive behavior. There is growing support for the notion that cognitive control abnormalities are a central component of many of the neuropsychological deficits observed in individuals with mental illnesses, particularly those with psychotic disorders. NIMH's research domain criteria (RDoC) initiative, which is designed to develop biologically informed constructs to better understand psychopathology, designated cognitive control a construct within the cognitive systems domain. Identification of genes that influence cognitive control or its supportive brain systems will improve our understating of the RDoC construct and provide candidate genes for psychotic disorders. We examine evidence for cognitive control deficits in psychosis, determine if these measures could be useful endophenotypes, and explore work linking genetic variation to cognitive control performance. While there is a wealth of evidence to support the notion the cognitive control is a valid endophenotype for psychosis, its genetic underpinning remains ill characterized. However, existing work provides a promising foundation on which future endeavors might build. Confirming existing individual gene associations will go some way to expanding our understanding of the genetics of cognitive control, and by extension, psychotic disorders. Yet, to truly understand the molecular underpinnings of such complex traits, it may be necessary to evaluate genes in tandem, focusing not on single genes but rather on empirically derived gene sets or on functionally defined networks of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Glahn
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emma E M Knowles
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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13
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Papassotiropoulos A, de Quervain DJF. Genetics of human memory functions in healthy cohorts. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1) Genotype Effects on Working Memory, Hippocampal Volume, and Functional Connectivity in Young Healthy Individuals. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:1794-803. [PMID: 25630570 PMCID: PMC4915264 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and exhibits a considerable level of heritability. The bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) gene has recently been identified in several large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as the second most important risk locus for AD following apolipoprotein E (APOE). However, how and when the established genetic risk locus BIN1 rs744373 confers risk to late-onset AD has yet to be determined. Here using an imaging genetic strategy in large-sample Chinese subjects, we show that healthy homozygous carriers of the rs744373 risk allele exhibit worse high-load working memory (WM) performance, larger hippocampal volume and lower functional connectivity between the bilateral hippocampus and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), mirroring clinical evidence of disturbed memory and connectivity in patients. Our findings demonstrate that rs744373 itself or a variation in linkage disequilibrium may provide a neurogenetic mechanism for BIN1 while further validating the possibility of combining genetic and neuroimaging strategies to monitor individuals at risk for AD.
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15
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Knowles EEM, Mathias SR, McKay DR, Sprooten E, Blangero J, Almasy L, Glahn DC. Genome-Wide Analyses of Working-Memory Ability: A Review. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2014; 1:224-233. [PMID: 25729637 PMCID: PMC4339023 DOI: 10.1007/s40473-014-0028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Working memory, a theoretical construct from the field of cognitive psychology, is crucial to everyday life. It refers to the ability to temporarily store and manipulate task-relevant information. The identification of genes for working memory might shed light on the molecular mechanisms of this important cognitive ability and-given the genetic overlap between, for example, schizophrenia risk and working-memory ability-might also reveal important candidate genes for psychiatric illness. A number of genome-wide searches for genes that influence working memory have been conducted in recent years. Interestingly, the results of those searches converge on the mediating role of neuronal excitability in working-memory performance, such that the role of each gene highlighted by genome-wide methods plays a part in ion channel formation and/or dopaminergic signaling in the brain, with either direct or indirect influence on dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex. This result dovetails with animal models of working memory that highlight the role of dynamic network connectivity, as mediated by dopaminergic signaling, in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Future work, which aims to characterize functional variants influencing working-memory ability, might choose to focus on those genes highlighted in the present review and also those networks in which the genes fall. Confirming gene associations and highlighting functional characterization of those associations might have implications for the understanding of normal variation in working-memory ability and also for the development of drugs for mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E M Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - S R Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - D R McKay
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - E Sprooten
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - D C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
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16
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Smith SB, Mir E, Bair E, Slade GD, Dubner R, Fillingim RB, Greenspan JD, Ohrbach R, Knott C, Weir B, Maixner W, Diatchenko L. Genetic variants associated with development of TMD and its intermediate phenotypes: the genetic architecture of TMD in the OPPERA prospective cohort study. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2014; 14:T91-101.e1-3. [PMID: 24275226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Genetic risk factors are believed to combine with environmental exposures and contribute to the risk of developing temporomandibular disorder (TMD). In this prospective cohort study, 2,737 people without TMD were assessed for common genetic variation in 358 genes known to contribute to nociceptive pathways, inflammation, and affective distress. During a median follow-up period of 2.8 years, 260 people developed first-onset TMD. Hazard ratios were computed as measures of association between 2,924 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and TMD incidence. After correction for multiple testing, no single single-nucleotide polymorphism was significantly associated with risk of onset TMD. However, several single-nucleotide polymorphisms exceeded Bonferroni correction for multiple comparison or false discovery rate thresholds (.05, .1, or .2) for association with intermediate phenotypes shown to be predictive of TMD onset. Nonspecific orofacial symptoms were associated with voltage-gated sodium channel, type I, alpha subunit (SCN1A, rs6432860, P = 2.77 × 10(-5)) and angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2, rs1514280, P = 4.86 × 10(-5)); global psychological symptoms with prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1, rs3842803, P = 2.79 × 10(-6)); stress and negative affectivity with amyloid-β (A4) precursor protein (APP, rs466448, P = 4.29 × 10(-5)); and heat pain temporal summation with multiple PDZ domain protein (MPDZ, rs10809907, P = 3.05 × 10(-5)). The use of intermediate phenotypes for complex pain diseases revealed new genetic pathways influencing risk of TMD. PERSPECTIVE This article reports the findings of a large candidate gene association study of first-onset TMD and related intermediate phenotypes in the OPPERA Study. Although no genetic markers predicted TMD onset, several genetic risk factors for clinical, psychological, and sensory phenotypes associated with TMD onset were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shad B Smith
- Regional Center for Neurosensory Disorders, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Endodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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17
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Tunc-Skarka N, Meier S, Demirakca T, Sack M, Weber-Fahr W, Brusniak W, Wolf I, Matthäus F, Schulze TG, Diener C, Ende G. Effects of normal aging and SCN1A risk-gene expression on brain metabolites: evidence for an association between SCN1A and myo-inositol. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:228-234. [PMID: 24357141 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Previously reported MRS findings in the aging brain include lower N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and higher myo-inositol (mI), total creatine (Cr) and choline-containing compound (Cho) concentrations. Alterations in the sodium channel voltage gated type I, alpha subunit SCN1A variant rs10930201 have been reported to be associated with several neurological disorders with cognitive deficits. MRS studies in SCN1A-related diseases have reported striking differences in the mI concentrations between patients and controls. In a study on 'healthy aging', we investigated metabolite spectra in a sample of 83 healthy volunteers and determined their age dependence. We also investigated a potential link between SCN1A and mI. We observed a significantly negative association of NAA (p = 0.004) and significantly positive associations of mI (p ≤ 0.001), Cr (p ≤ 0.001) and Cho (p = 0.034) with age in frontal white matter. The linear association of Cho ends at the age of about 50 years and is followed by an inverted 'U'-shaped curve. Further, mI was higher in C allele carriers of the SCN1A variant rs10930201. Our results corroborated the age-related changes in metabolite concentrations, and found evidence for a link between SCN1A and frontal white matter mI in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuran Tunc-Skarka
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany
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18
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Jensen HS, Grunnet M, Bastlund JF. Therapeutic potential of Na(V)1.1 activators. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:113-8. [PMID: 24439681 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sodium channel inhibitors have been developed and approved as drugs to treat a variety of indications. By contrast, sodium channel activators have not previously been considered relevant in a therapeutic setting owing to their high risk of toxicity and side effects. Here we present an opinion that selective activators of the Na(V)1.1 sodium channel may hold therapeutic potential for diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. Central to this novel avenue of sodium channel drug discovery is that fact that Na(V)1.1 comprises the majority of the sodium current in specific inhibitory interneurons. Conversely, it plays only a modest role in excitatory neurons owing to the high redundancy of other types of sodium channels in these cells. We discuss the biological background and rationale and present reflections on how to identify activators of Na(V)1.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik S Jensen
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Morten Grunnet
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper F Bastlund
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhu B, Chen C, Loftus EF, Moyzis RK, Dong Q, Lin C. True but not false memories are associated with the HTR2A gene. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2013; 106:204-9. [PMID: 24055687 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous research reported that serotonin receptor 2A gene (HTR2A) polymorphisms were associated with memory. However, it is unknown whether these genetic variants were associated with both true and false memories. The current study of 336 Han Chinese subjects tested 30 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the HTR2A gene for potential associations with true and false memories. False memories were assessed using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm, in which people falsely remember semantically related (but unpresented) words. We found that 11 SNPs within the HTR2A gene were associated with true memory (p=0.000076-0.043). The associations between true memory and seven adjacent SNPs (i.e., rs1923888, rs1745837, rs9567739, rs3742279, rs655888, rs655854, and rs2296972) were still significant after multiple testing corrections. Haplotype-based association analysis revealed that, true memory was positively associated with haplotype A-C-C-G-C-T-A for these seven adjacent SNPs (p=0.000075), which was still significant after multiple testing correction. Only one SNP rs655854 was associated with false memory (p=0.023), and it was not significant after multiple testing correction. This study replicates, in an Asian population, that genetic variation in HTR2A is associated with episodic memory, and also suggests that this association is restricted to true memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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20
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Roy A, Jana M, Corbett GT, Ramaswamy S, Kordower JH, Gonzalez FJ, Pahan K. Regulation of cyclic AMP response element binding and hippocampal plasticity-related genes by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. Cell Rep 2013; 4:724-37. [PMID: 23972989 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in fatty acid catabolism. Here, we provide evidence that PPARα is constitutively expressed in nuclei of hippocampal neurons and, surprisingly, controls calcium influx and the expression of various plasticity-related genes via direct transcriptional regulation of cyclic AMP response element binding (CREB). Accordingly, Pparα-null, but not Pparβ-null, mice are deficient in CREB and memory-associated proteins and have decreased spatial learning and memory. Small hairpin RNA knockdown of PPARα in the hippocampus suppressed CREB and NR2A, rendering wild-type animals markedly poor in consolidating spatial memory, whereas introduction of PPARα to the hippocampus of Pparα-null mice increased hippocampal CREB and NR2A and improved spatial learning and memory. Through detailed analyses of CREB and NR2A activity, as well as spatial learning and memory in bone marrow chimeric animals lacking PPARα in the CNS, we uncover a mechanism for transcriptional control of Creb and associated plasticity genes by PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avik Roy
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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21
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Sheppard E, Birca A, Carmant L, Lortie A, Vannassing P, Lassonde M, Lippé S. Children with a history of atypical febrile seizures show abnormal steady state visual evoked potential brain responses. Epilepsy Behav 2013; 27:90-4. [PMID: 23391502 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atypical febrile seizures (FSs) are considered a risk factor for the onset of epilepsy in later life as well as for potential cognitive impairment. However, distinctive characteristics defining the group of children at risk for negative outcomes are not well established. In the following study, children from 6 to 59 months with a history of atypical FSs were investigated using steady state visual evoked potentials (ssVEP), a brain response known to increase with age. Abnormally, low theta and alpha ssVEP brain responses were found in children with a history of atypical FSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sheppard
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Canada
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22
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Mery F. Natural variation in learning and memory. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2013; 23:52-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Meier S, Demirakca T, Brusniak W, Wolf I, Liebsch K, Tunc-Skarka N, Nieratschker V, Witt SH, Matthäus F, Ende G, Flor H, Rietschel M, Diener C, Schulze TG. SCN1A affects brain structure and the neural activity of the aging brain. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 72:677-83. [PMID: 22534457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging of the human brain is accompanied by changes in cortical structure as well as functional activity and variable degrees of cognitive decline. One-third of the observable inter-individual differences in cognitive decline are thought to be heritable. SCN1A encodes the sodium channel α subunit and is considered to be a susceptibility gene for several neurological disorders with prominent cognitive deficits. In a recent genome-wide association study the C allele of the SCN1A variant rs10930201 was observed to be significantly associated with poor short-term memory performance. rs10930201 was further observed to be related to differences in neural activity during a working memory task. METHODS The aim of the present study was to explore whether SCN1A modifies the vulnerability to aging processes of the human brain. Therefore we assessed the interacting effects of the SCN1A vulnerability allele rs10930201 and age in terms of brain activity and brain morphology in 62 healthy volunteers between 21 and 82 years of age. RESULTS In C allele carriers, activity in the right inferior frontal cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex increased with age. Moreover, exploratory analysis revealed regional effects of rs10930201 on brain structure, indicating reduced gray matter densities in the frontal and insular regions in the C allele carriers. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the present results suggest that the SCN1A polymorphism has modulatory effects on brain morphology and vulnerability to age-related alterations in brain activity of cortical regions that subserve working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Meier
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Anderson DE, Bell TA, Awh E. Polymorphisms in the 5-HTTLPR gene mediate storage capacity of visual working memory. J Cogn Neurosci 2012; 24:1069-76. [PMID: 22332803 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Working memory (WM) is a limited capacity system that permeates nearly all levels of cognition, ranging from perceptual awareness to intelligence. Through behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging work, substantial gains have been made in understanding this capacity-limited system. In the current work, we examined genetic contributions to the storage capacity of WM. Multiple studies have demonstrated a link between the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and cognition, where better performance is observed in individuals possessing a copy of the short (s) variant of the polymorphism compared with individuals homozygous for the long (l) variant. We predicted the same profile in WM performance, such that estimated capacities of l/l carriers should be smaller than s/s and s/l carriers. To measure WM capacity, we implemented a change detection task, which requires observers to actively maintain the color and spatial location of briefly presented squares over a short retention interval. In line with our prediction, we observed similar WM performance between s/s and s/l groups, and these individuals performed better than the l/l group. We then discuss the distribution of the serotonin transporter system and parallels between WM and attention to provide insight into how variation in the 5-HTT polymorphism could lead to individual differences in the storage capacity of WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Anderson
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
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25
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Belzeaux R, Ibrahim EC, Fakra E, Adida M, Cermolacce M, Azorin JM. [Schizophrenia, genetics and cognition]. Encephale 2012; 37 Suppl 2:S127-32. [PMID: 22212842 DOI: 10.1016/s0013-7006(11)70039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex and heritable disorder. Nevertheless, molecular genetics of schizophrenia remains inconclusive. By developing the concept of endophenotype for the disorder, it is easier to define an association between a phenotype and genetic variants or physiopathological processes. Cognitive disorders could be useful endophenotypes for schizophrenia. For example, the val(158)/met COMT polymorphism has been associated with executive function or working memory. Therefore, several cognitive dysfunctions were proposed as endophenotypes and were investigated in the context of different genetic polymorphisms. Genome-wide association studies and epistatic studies demonstrated the complexity of the mechanisms underlying cognitive disturbance. However, meta-analysis remains inconclusive. Altogether, the study of endophenotypes is an attractive approach to solve the complex mechanisms causing schizophrenia vulnerability. Nevertheless, several limitations exist and include the lack of reproducibility, the discordant results between healthy subjects and patients, the exclusion of the many rare variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Belzeaux
- Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 09, France.
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26
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Heck A, Vogler C, Gschwind L, Ackermann S, Auschra B, Spalek K, Rasch B, de Quervain D, Papassotiropoulos A. Statistical epistasis and functional brain imaging support a role of voltage-gated potassium channels in human memory. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29337. [PMID: 22216252 PMCID: PMC3244442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the current progress in high-throughput, dense genome scans, a major portion of complex traits' heritability still remains unexplained, a phenomenon commonly termed “missing heritability.” The negligence of analytical approaches accounting for gene-gene interaction effects, such as statistical epistasis, is probably central to this phenomenon. Here we performed a comprehensive two-way SNP interaction analysis of human episodic memory, which is a heritable complex trait, and focused on 120 genes known to show differential, memory-related expression patterns in rat hippocampus. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was also used to capture genotype-dependent differences in memory-related brain activity. A significant, episodic memory-related interaction between two markers located in potassium channel genes (KCNB2 and KCNH5) was observed (Pnominal combined = 0.000001). The epistatic interaction was robust, as it was significant in a screening (Pnominal = 0.0000012) and in a replication sample (Pnominal = 0.01). Finally, we found genotype-dependent activity differences in the parahippocampal gyrus (Pnominal = 0.001) supporting the behavioral genetics finding. Our results demonstrate the importance of analytical approaches that go beyond single marker statistics of complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Heck
- Division of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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27
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Ebeling M, Küng E, See A, Broger C, Steiner G, Berrera M, Heckel T, Iniguez L, Albert T, Schmucki R, Biller H, Singer T, Certa U. Genome-based analysis of the nonhuman primate Macaca fascicularis as a model for drug safety assessment. Genome Res 2011; 21:1746-56. [PMID: 21862625 PMCID: PMC3202291 DOI: 10.1101/gr.123117.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The long-tailed macaque, also referred to as cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis), is one of the most important nonhuman primate animal models in basic and applied biomedical research. To improve the predictive power of primate experiments for humans, we determined the genome sequence of a Macaca fascicularis female of Mauritian origin using a whole-genome shotgun sequencing approach. We applied a template switch strategy that uses either the rhesus or the human genome to assemble sequence reads. The sixfold sequence coverage of the draft genome sequence enabled discovery of about 2.1 million potential single-nucleotide polymorphisms based on occurrence of a dimorphic nucleotide at a given position in the genome sequence. Homology-based annotation allowed us to identify 17,387 orthologs of human protein-coding genes in the M. fascicularis draft genome, and the predicted transcripts enabled the design of a M. fascicularis-specific gene expression microarray. Using liver samples from 36 individuals of different geographic origin we identified 718 genes with highly variable expression in liver, whereas the majority of the transcriptome shows relatively stable and comparable expression. Knowledge of the M. fascicularis draft genome is an important contribution to both the use of this animal in disease models and the safety assessment of drugs and their metabolites. In particular, this information allows high-resolution genotyping and microarray-based gene-expression profiling for animal stratification, thereby allowing the use of well-characterized animals for safety testing. Finally, the genome sequence presented here is a significant contribution to the global "3R" animal welfare initiative, which has the goal to reduce, refine, and replace animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ebeling
- Translational Research Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erich Küng
- Global Non-clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angela See
- Roche NimbleGen, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin 53719, USA
| | - Clemens Broger
- Research Informatics, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guido Steiner
- Translational Research Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marco Berrera
- Translational Research Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Heckel
- Global Non-clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Albert
- Roche NimbleGen, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin 53719, USA
| | - Roland Schmucki
- Translational Research Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hermann Biller
- Research Informatics, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Singer
- Global Non-clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Certa
- Global Non-clinical Safety, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 4070 Basel, Switzerland
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28
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Ion channels and schizophrenia: a gene set-based analytic approach to GWAS data for biological hypothesis testing. Hum Genet 2011; 131:373-91. [PMID: 21866342 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-1082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex genetic disorder. Gene set-based analytic (GSA) methods have been widely applied for exploratory analyses of large, high-throughput datasets, but less commonly employed for biological hypothesis testing. Our primary hypothesis is that variation in ion channel genes contribute to the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia. We applied Exploratory Visual Analysis (EVA), one GSA application, to analyze European-American (EA) and African-American (AA) schizophrenia genome-wide association study datasets for statistical enrichment of ion channel gene sets, comparing GSA results derived under three SNP-to-gene mapping strategies: (1) GENIC; (2) 500-Kb; (3) 2.5-Mb and three complimentary SNP-to-gene statistical reduction methods: (1) minimum p value (pMIN); (2) a novel method, proportion of SNPs per Gene with p values below a pre-defined α-threshold (PROP); and (3) the truncated product method (TPM). In the EA analyses, ion channel gene set(s) were enriched under all mapping and statistical approaches. In the AA analysis, ion channel gene set(s) were significantly enriched under pMIN for all mapping strategies and under PROP for broader mapping strategies. Less extensive enrichment in the AA sample may reflect true ethnic differences in susceptibility, sampling or case ascertainment differences, or higher dimensionality relative to sample size of the AA data. More consistent findings under broader mapping strategies may reflect enhanced power due to increased SNP inclusion, enhanced capture of effects over extended haplotypes or significant contributions from regulatory regions. While extensive pMIN findings may reflect gene size bias, the extent and significance of PROP and TPM findings suggest that common variation at ion channel genes may capture some of the heritability of schizophrenia.
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Harris SE, Deary IJ. The genetics of cognitive ability and cognitive ageing in healthy older people. Trends Cogn Sci 2011; 15:388-94. [PMID: 21840749 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Determining the genetic influences on cognitive ability in old age and in cognitive ageing are important areas of research in an increasingly ageing society. Heritability studies indicate that genetic variants strongly influence cognitive ability differences throughout the lifespan, including in old age. To date, however, only the genes encoding apolipoprotein E (APOE) and possibly catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dystrobrevin binding protein 1 (DTNBP1) have repeatedly been associated in candidate gene studies with cognitive decline or with cognitive ability in older individuals. Genome-wide association studies have identified further potential loci, but results are tentative. Advances in exome and/or whole-genome sequencing, transcriptomics, proteomics and methylomics hold significant promise for uncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitive ability and decline in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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Kussmann M, Krause L, Siffert W. Nutrigenomics: where are we with genetic and epigenetic markers for disposition and susceptibility? Nutr Rev 2010; 68 Suppl 1:S38-47. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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