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Maleknia M, Ahmadirad N, Golab F, Katebi Y, Haj Mohamad Ebrahim Ketabforoush A. DNA Methylation in Cancer: Epigenetic View of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors. Epigenet Insights 2023; 16:25168657231199893. [PMID: 37720354 PMCID: PMC10504848 DOI: 10.1177/25168657231199893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in DNA methylation play an important role in cancer development and progression. Dietary nutrients and lifestyle behaviors can influence DNA methylation patterns and thereby modulate cancer risk. Introduction To comprehensively review available evidence on how dietary and lifestyle factors impact DNA methylation and contribute to carcinogenesis through epigenetic mechanisms. Materials and methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed to identify relevant studies published between 2005 and 2022 that examined relationships between dietary/lifestyle factors and DNA methylation in cancer. Studies investigating the effects of dietary components (eg, micronutrients, phytochemicals), physical activity, smoking, and obesity on global and gene-specific DNA methylation changes in animal and human cancer models were included. Data on specific dietary/lifestyle exposures, cancer types, DNA methylation targets and underlying mechanisms were extracted. Results Multiple dietary and lifestyle factors were found to influence DNA methylation patterns through effects on DNA methyltransferase activity, methyl donor availability, and generation of oxidative stress. Altered methylation of specific genes regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation were linked to cancer development and progression. Conclusion Dietary and lifestyle interventions aimed at modulating DNA methylation have potential for both cancer prevention and treatment through epigenetic mechanisms. Further research is needed to identify actionable targets for nutrition and lifestyle-based epigenetic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Maleknia
- Noorgene Genetic & Clinical Laboratory, Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Golab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasmina Katebi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Huang T, Shang Y, Dai C, Zhang Q, Hu S, Xie J. Gut microbiota and its relation to inflammation in patients with bipolar depression: a cross-sectional study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:21. [PMID: 37208752 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the gut microbiota characteristics in depressed patients with bipolar disorder (BD) as well as the connection between the gut microbiota and inflammatory markers. METHODS Totally 72 depressed BD patients and 16 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in the study. Blood and feces samples were taken from each subject. With the help of 16S-ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, the characteristics of the gut microbiota in each participant were examined. Correlation analysis was then utilized to assess the relationship between the gut microbiota and clinical parameters. RESULTS We found the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiota, but not its diversity, was significantly different in BD patients compared to HCs. We found the abundance of Bacilli, Lactobacillales and genus Veillonella were higher in BD patients than in HCs, while genus Dorea was more abundant in HCs. Additionally, correlation analysis showed that the bacterial genera' abundance in BD patients was strongly correlated with the severity of depression and inflammatory markers. CONCLUSIONS According to these results, the gut microbiota characteristics were changed in depressed BD patients, which may have been associated with the severity of depression and the inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Shang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Dai
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qixiu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang Province, Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huansha Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hangzhou, China.
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Dwivedi Y, Shelton RC. Genomics in Treatment Development. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 30:363-385. [PMID: 36928858 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21054-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The Human Genome Project mapped the 3 billion base pairs in the human genome, which ushered in a new generation of genomically focused treatment development. While this has been very successful in other areas, neuroscience has been largely devoid of such developments. This is in large part because there are very few neurological or mental health conditions that are related to single-gene variants. While developments in pharmacogenomics have been somewhat successful, the use of genetic information in practice has to do with drug metabolism and adverse reactions. Studies of drug metabolism related to genetic variations are an important part of drug development. However, outside of cancer biology, the actual translation of genomic information into novel therapies has been limited. Epigenetics, which relates in part to the effects of the environment on DNA, is a promising newer area of relevance to CNS disorders. The environment can induce chemical modifications of DNA (e.g., cytosine methylation), which can be induced by the environment and may represent either shorter- or longer-term changes. Given the importance of environmental influences on CNS disorders, epigenetics may identify important treatment targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Richard C Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Levchenko A, Plotnikova M. Genomic regulatory sequences in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1115924. [PMID: 36824672 PMCID: PMC9941178 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1115924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder is estimated to be about 2%. Epigenetics defines regulatory mechanisms that determine relatively stable patterns of gene expression by controlling all key steps, from DNA to messenger RNA to protein. This Mini Review highlights recent discoveries of modified epigenetic control resulting from genetic variants associated with bipolar disorder in genome-wide association studies. The revealed epigenetic abnormalities implicate gene transcription and post-transcriptional regulation. In the light of these discoveries, the Mini Review focuses on the genes PACS1, MCHR1, DCLK3, HAPLN4, LMAN2L, TMEM258, GNL3, LRRC57, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, and NOVA2 and their potential biological role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. Molecular mechanisms under control of these genes do not translate into a unified picture and substantially more research is needed to fill the gaps in knowledge and to solve current limitations in prognosis and treatment of bipolar disorder. In conclusion, the genetic and functional studies confirm the complex nature of bipolar disorder and indicate future research directions to explore possible targeted treatment options, eventually working toward a personalized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Levchenko
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Plotnikova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
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5
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Kushima I, Nakatochi M, Aleksic B, Okada T, Kimura H, Kato H, Morikawa M, Inada T, Ishizuka K, Torii Y, Nakamura Y, Tanaka S, Imaeda M, Takahashi N, Yamamoto M, Iwamoto K, Nawa Y, Ogawa N, Iritani S, Hayashi Y, Lo T, Otgonbayar G, Furuta S, Iwata N, Ikeda M, Saito T, Ninomiya K, Okochi T, Hashimoto R, Yamamori H, Yasuda Y, Fujimoto M, Miura K, Itokawa M, Arai M, Miyashita M, Toriumi K, Ohi K, Shioiri T, Kitaichi K, Someya T, Watanabe Y, Egawa J, Takahashi T, Suzuki M, Sasaki T, Tochigi M, Nishimura F, Yamasue H, Kuwabara H, Wakuda T, Kato TA, Kanba S, Horikawa H, Usami M, Kodaira M, Watanabe K, Yoshikawa T, Toyota T, Yokoyama S, Munesue T, Kimura R, Funabiki Y, Kosaka H, Jung M, Kasai K, Ikegame T, Jinde S, Numata S, Kinoshita M, Kato T, Kakiuchi C, Yamakawa K, Suzuki T, Hashimoto N, Ishikawa S, Yamagata B, Nio S, Murai T, Son S, Kunii Y, Yabe H, Inagaki M, Goto YI, Okumura Y, Ito T, Arioka Y, Mori D, Ozaki N. Cross-Disorder Analysis of Genic and Regulatory Copy Number Variations in Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:362-374. [PMID: 35667888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine the similarities and differences in the roles of genic and regulatory copy number variations (CNVs) in bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS Based on high-resolution CNV data from 8708 Japanese samples, we performed to our knowledge the largest cross-disorder analysis of genic and regulatory CNVs in BD, SCZ, and ASD. RESULTS In genic CNVs, we found an increased burden of smaller (<100 kb) exonic deletions in BD, which contrasted with the highest burden of larger (>500 kb) exonic CNVs in SCZ/ASD. Pathogenic CNVs linked to neurodevelopmental disorders were significantly associated with the risk for each disorder, but BD and SCZ/ASD differed in terms of the effect size (smaller in BD) and subtype distribution of CNVs linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. We identified 3 synaptic genes (DLG2, PCDH15, and ASTN2) as risk factors for BD. Whereas gene set analysis showed that BD-associated pathways were restricted to chromatin biology, SCZ and ASD involved more extensive and similar pathways. Nevertheless, a correlation analysis of gene set results indicated weak but significant pathway similarities between BD and SCZ or ASD (r = 0.25-0.31). In SCZ and ASD, but not BD, CNVs were significantly enriched in enhancers and promoters in brain tissue. CONCLUSIONS BD and SCZ/ASD differ in terms of CNV burden, characteristics of CNVs linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, and regulatory CNVs. On the other hand, they have shared molecular mechanisms, including chromatin biology. The BD risk genes identified here could provide insight into the pathogenesis of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Kushima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Medical Genomics Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Branko Aleksic
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kato
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mako Morikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiya Inada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kanako Ishizuka
- Health Support Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Youta Torii
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukako Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- National Hospital Organization Higashi Owari National Hospital, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miho Imaeda
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nagahide Takahashi
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Maeri Yamamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Iwamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nanayo Ogawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuji Iritani
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Okehazama Hospital Brain Research Institute, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yu Hayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tzuyao Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gantsooj Otgonbayar
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sho Furuta
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nakao Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Masashi Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takeo Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kohei Ninomiya
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tomo Okochi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenaga Yamamori
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Japan Community Health Care Organization Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Medical Corporation Foster, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiko Fujimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanari Itokawa
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Arai
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Miyashita
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Takatsuki Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Toriumi
- Schizophrenia Research Project, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ohi
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshiki Shioiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kiyoyuki Kitaichi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Someya
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jun Egawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan; Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan; Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sasaki
- Laboratory of Health Education, Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tochigi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumichika Nishimura
- Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yamasue
- Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kuwabara
- Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Wakuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Japan Depression Center, Tokyo, Japan; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Horikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Horikawa Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masahide Usami
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Kodaira
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Aiiku Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyota Watanabe
- Hiroshima City Center for Children's Health and Development, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Tomoko Toyota
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yokoyama
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Munesue
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Kimura
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuko Funabiki
- Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Minyoung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Cognitive Science Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence at University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tempei Ikegame
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Jinde
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shusuke Numata
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kakiuchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamakawa
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Suzuki
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ishikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Bun Yamagata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nio
- Department of Psychiatry, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuraku Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuto Kunii
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirooki Yabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masumi Inagaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Tottori Prefecture Rehabilitation Center, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichi Goto
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuto Okumura
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ito
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Arioka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, besides genome-wide association studies, a variety of other genetic analyses (e.g. polygenic risk scores, whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing) have been conducted, and a large amount of data has been gathered for investigating the involvement of common, rare and very rare types of DNA sequence variants in bipolar disorder. Also, non-invasive neuroimaging methods can be used to quantify changes in brain structure and function in patients with bipolar disorder. AIMS To provide a comprehensive assessment of genetic findings associated with bipolar disorder, based on the evaluation of different genomic approaches and neuroimaging studies. METHOD We conducted a PubMed search of all relevant literatures from the beginning to the present, by querying related search strings. RESULTS ANK3, CACNA1C, SYNE1, ODZ4 and TRANK1 are five genes that have been replicated as key gene candidates in bipolar disorder pathophysiology, through the investigated studies. The percentage of phenotypic variance explained by the identified variants is small (approximately 4.7%). Bipolar disorder polygenic risk scores are associated with other psychiatric phenotypes. The ENIGMA-BD studies show a replicable pattern of lower cortical thickness, altered white matter integrity and smaller subcortical volumes in bipolar disorder. CONCLUSIONS The low amount of explained phenotypic variance highlights the need for further large-scale investigations, especially among non-European populations, to achieve a more complete understanding of the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder and the missing heritability. Combining neuroimaging data with genetic data in large-scale studies might help researchers acquire a better knowledge of the engaged brain regions in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Oraki Kohshour
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital LMU Munich, Germany; and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital LMU Munich, Germany; and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher R K Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Thomas G Schulze
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital LMU Munich, Germany; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, USA
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7
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Genetic and Epigenetic Markers of Lithium Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031555. [PMID: 35163479 PMCID: PMC8836013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The mood stabilizer lithium represents a cornerstone in the long term treatment of bipolar disorder (BD), although with substantial interindividual variability in clinical response. This variability appears to be modulated by genetics, which has been significantly investigated in the last two decades with some promising findings. In addition, recently, the interest in the role of epigenetics has grown significantly, since the exploration of these mechanisms might allow the elucidation of the gene–environment interactions and explanation of missing heritability. In this article, we provide an overview of the most relevant findings regarding the pharmacogenomics and pharmacoepigenomics of lithium response in BD. We describe the most replicated findings among candidate gene studies, results from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as well as post-GWAS approaches supporting an association between high genetic load for schizophrenia, major depressive disorder or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and poor lithium response. Next, we describe results from studies investigating epigenetic mechanisms, such as changes in methylation or noncoding RNA levels, which play a relevant role as regulators of gene expression. Finally, we discuss challenges related to the search for the molecular determinants of lithium response and potential future research directions to pave the path towards a biomarker guided approach in lithium treatment.
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8
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Panariello F, Fanelli G, Fabbri C, Atti AR, De Ronchi D, Serretti A. Epigenetic Basis of Psychiatric Disorders: A Narrative Review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 21:302-315. [PMID: 34433406 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210825101915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are complex, multifactorial illnesses with a demonstrated biological component in their etiopathogenesis. Epigenetic modifications, through the modulation of DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA interference, tune tissue-specific gene expression patterns and play a relevant role in the etiology of psychiatric illnesses. OBJECTIVE This review aims to discuss the epigenetic mechanisms involved in psychiatric disorders, their modulation by environmental factors and their interactions with genetic variants, in order to provide a comprehensive picture of their mutual crosstalk. METHODS In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were conducted. RESULTS Exposure to environmental factors, such as poor socio-economic status, obstetric complications, migration, and early life stressors, may lead to stable changes in gene expression and neural circuit function, playing a role in the risk of psychiatric diseases. The most replicated genes involved by studies using different techniques are discussed. Increasing evidence indicates that these sustained abnormalities are maintained by epigenetic modifications in specific brain regions and they interact with genetic variants in determining the risk of psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSION An increasing amount of evidence suggests that epigenetics plays a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. New therapeutic approaches may work by reversing detrimental epigenetic changes that occurred during the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Panariello
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fanelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Atti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diana De Ronchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Histone Modifications in Neurological Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1382:95-107. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-05460-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Reif A, Baune BT, Deckert J, Juckel G, Kittel-Schneider S, Kircher T, Kornhuber J, Rupprecht R, Bauer M. Rationale, Mission and Vision for a National Centre of Affective Disorders in Germany. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2021; 55:65-72. [PMID: 34921380 DOI: 10.1055/a-1697-5854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Affective disorders are common, complex disorders representing one of the major challenges to global health in the 21st century. To mitigate the burden of disease, substantial public health efforts need to be undertaken since research on the causes and adequate treatment requires multidisciplinary approaches. These should integrate translational, and clinical research, aided by technological advancements in collecting and analysing comprehensive data. Here we present the rationale, concept, mission and vision of the recently founded National Centre of Affective Disorders (NCAD) in Germany. NCAD founding partners build on their previous successful cooperation within the German Research Network for Mental Disorders funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). They form an internationally pre-eminent network of integrative excellence, leading in science and contributing significantly to the improved care of affective disorder patients. The partners will provide complementary structures and innovative methods across the entire translational continuum from bench to clinical and real-world settings. The vision of the NCAD is to foster cross-disciplinary research from basic neuroscience to public mental health by close translational collaboration between academia, non-university research institutions, and international partners, including industry, to deliver cutting-edge research, innovative clinical services and evidence-based training to young clinicians and scientists. The mission is to accomplish research in a highly translational manner, especially with respect to clinical studies in a trans-sectoral way. This approach aims to ensure continuous improvement in the treatment and care provided to patients and an interdisciplinary environment for high-level research and education in affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Rupprecht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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11
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Shen L, Lv X, Huang H, Li M, Huai C, Wu X, Wu H, Ma J, Chen L, Wang T, Tan J, Sun Y, Li L, Shi Y, Yang C, Cai L, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Weng S, Tai S, Zhang N, He L, Wan C, Qin S. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in 106 schizophrenia family trios in Han Chinese. EBioMedicine 2021; 72:103609. [PMID: 34628353 PMCID: PMC8511801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder that affects approximately 0.75% of the global population. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to development of SCZ. SCZ tends to run in family while both genetic and environmental factor contribute to its etiology. Much evidence suggested that alterations in DNA methylations occurred in SCZ patients. Methods To investigate potential inheritable pattern of DNA methylation in SCZ family, we performed a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation of peripheral blood samples from 106 Chinese SCZ family trios. Genome-wide DNA methylations were quantified by Agilent 1 × 244 k Human Methylation Microarray. Findings In this study, we proposed a loci inheritance frequency model that allows characterization of differential methylated regions as SCZ biomarkers. Based on this model, 112 hypermethylated and 125 hypomethylated regions were identified. Additionally, 121 hypermethylated and 139 hypomethylated genes were annotated. The results of functional enrichment analysis indicated that multiple differentially methylated genes (DMGs) involved in Notch/HH/Wnt signaling, MAPK signaling, GPCR signaling, immune response signaling. Notably, a number of hypomethylated genes were significantly enriched in cerebral cortex and functionally enriched in nervous system development. Interpretation Our findings not only validated previously discovered risk genes of SCZ but also identified novel candidate DMGs in SCZ. These results may further the understanding of altered DNA methylations in SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shen
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoying Lv
- DCH Technologies Inc, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mo Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Cong Huai
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Xi Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Jingsong Ma
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Luan Chen
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Jie Tan
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Yidan Sun
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Lixing Li
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Lei Cai
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Yana Lu
- Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214151, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323020, China
| | - Saizheng Weng
- Fuzhou Neuro-psychiatric hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350026, China
| | - Shaobin Tai
- The Second People's Hospital of Huangshan, Huangshan 245021, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Chunling Wan
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
| | - Shengying Qin
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China.
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Faltraco F, Palm D, Coogan A, Simon F, Tucha O, Thome J. Molecular Link between Circadian Rhythmicity and Mood Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:5692-5709. [PMID: 34620057 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211007113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The internal clock is driven by circadian genes [e.g., Clock, Bmal1, Per1-3, Cry1-2], hormones [e.g., melatonin, cortisol], as well as zeitgeber ['synchronisers']. Chronic disturbances in the circadian rhythm in patients diagnosed with mood disorders have been recognised for more than 50 years. OBJECTIVES The aim of this review is to summarise the current knowledge and literature regarding circadian rhythms in the context of mood disorders, focussing on the role of circadian genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters. METHOD The review presents the current knowledge and literature regarding circadian rhythms in mood disorders using the Pubmed database. Articles with a focus on circadian rhythms and mood disorders [n=123], particularly from 1973 to 2020, were included. RESULTS The article suggests a molecular link between disruptions in the circadian rhythm and mood disorders. Circadian disturbances, caused by the dysregulation of circadian genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters, often result in a clinical picture resembling depression. CONCLUSION Circadian rhythms are intrinsically linked to affective disorders, such as unipolar depression and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Faltraco
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock. Germany
| | - Denise Palm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock. Germany
| | - Andrew Coogan
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth. Ireland
| | - Frederick Simon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock. Germany
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock. Germany
| | - Johannes Thome
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock. Germany
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13
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Shirvani-Farsani Z, Maloum Z, Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Vilor-Tejedor N, Sadeghi I. DNA methylation signature as a biomarker of major neuropsychiatric disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 141:34-49. [PMID: 34171761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a broadly-investigated epigenetic modification that has been considered as a heritable and reversible change. Previous findings have indicated that DNA methylation regulates gene expression in the central nervous system (CNS). Also, disturbance of DNA methylation patterns has been associated with destructive consequences that lead to human brain diseases such as neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs). In this review, we comprehensively discuss the mechanism and function of DNA methylation and its most recent associations with the pathology of NPDs-including major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SZ), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), and attention/deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We also discuss how heterogeneous findings demand further investigations. Finally, based on the recent studies we conclude that DNA methylation status may have implications in clinical diagnostics and therapeutics as a potential epigenetic biomarker of NPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, IR, Iran.
| | - Zahra Maloum
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, IR, Iran.
| | - Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Natalia Vilor-Tejedor
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Carrer Wellington 30, 08005, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Iman Sadeghi
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Carrer Wellington 30, 08005, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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The "missing heritability"-Problem in psychiatry: Is the interaction of genetics, epigenetics and transposable elements a potential solution? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 126:23-42. [PMID: 33757815 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders exhibit an enormous burden on the health care systems worldwide accounting for around one-third of years lost due to disability among adults. Their etiology is largely unknown and diagnostic classification is based on symptomatology and course of illness and not on objective biomarkers. Most psychiatric disorders are moderately to highly heritable. However, it is still unknown what mechanisms may explain the discrepancy between heritability estimates and the present data from genetic analysis. In addition to genetic differences also epigenetic modifications are considered as potentially relevant in the transfer of susceptibility to psychiatric diseases. Though, whether or not epigenetic alterations can be inherited for many generations is highly controversial. In the present article, we will critically summarize both the genetic findings and the results from epigenetic analyses, including also those of noncoding RNAs. We will argue that one possible solution to the "missing heritability" problem in psychiatry is a potential role of retrotransposons, the exploration of which is presently only in its beginnings.
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15
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Legrand A, Iftimovici A, Khayachi A, Chaumette B. Epigenetics in bipolar disorder: a critical review of the literature. Psychiatr Genet 2021; 31:1-12. [PMID: 33290382 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, disabling disease characterised by alternate mood episodes, switching through depressive and manic/hypomanic phases. Mood stabilizers, in particular lithium salts, constitute the cornerstone of the treatment in the acute phase as well as for the prevention of recurrences. The pathophysiology of BD and the mechanisms of action of mood stabilizers remain largely unknown but several pieces of evidence point to gene x environment interactions. Epigenetics, defined as the regulation of gene expression without genetic changes, could be the molecular substrate of these interactions. In this literature review, we summarize the main epigenetic findings associated with BD and response to mood stabilizers. METHODS We searched PubMed, and Embase databases and classified the articles depending on the epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs). RESULTS We present the different epigenetic modifications associated with BD or with mood-stabilizers. The major reported mechanisms were DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, and non-coding RNAs. Overall, the assessments are poorly harmonized and the results are more limited than in other psychiatric disorders (e.g. schizophrenia). However, the nature of BD and its treatment offer excellent opportunities for epigenetic research: clear impact of environmental factors, clinical variation between manic or depressive episodes resulting in possible identification of state and traits biomarkers, documented impact of mood-stabilizers on the epigenome. CONCLUSION Epigenetic is a growing and promising field in BD that may shed light on its pathophysiology or be useful as biomarkers of response to mood-stabilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Legrand
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris
| | - Anton Iftimovici
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris
- Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anouar Khayachi
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Boris Chaumette
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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16
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Iyer H, Wahul AB, P K A, Sawant BS, Kumar A. A BRD's (BiRD's) eye view of BET and BRPF bromodomains in neurological diseases. Rev Neurosci 2021; 32:403-426. [PMID: 33661583 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders (NLDs) are among the top leading causes for disability worldwide. Dramatic changes in the epigenetic topography of the brain and nervous system have been found in many NLDs. Histone lysine acetylation has prevailed as one of the well characterised epigenetic modifications in these diseases. Two instrumental components of the acetylation machinery are the evolutionarily conserved Bromodomain and PHD finger containing (BRPF) and Bromo and Extra terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, also referred to as acetylation 'readers'. Several reasons, including their distinct mechanisms of modulation of gene expression and their property of being highly tractable small molecule targets, have increased their translational relevance. Thus, compounds which demonstrated promising results in targeting these proteins have advanced to clinical trials. They have been established as key role players in pathologies of cancer, cardiac diseases, renal diseases and rheumatic diseases. In addition, studies implicating the role of these bromodomains in NLDs are gaining pace. In this review, we highlight the findings of these studies, and reason for the plausible roles of all BET and BRPF members in NLDs. A comprehensive understanding of their multifaceted functions would be radical in the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Iyer
- Epigenetics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders' Laboratory, CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad500007, India
| | - Abhipradnya B Wahul
- Epigenetics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders' Laboratory, CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad500007, India
| | - Annapoorna P K
- Epigenetics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders' Laboratory, CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Bharvi S Sawant
- Epigenetics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders' Laboratory, CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad500007, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Epigenetics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders' Laboratory, CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
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Scaini G, Valvassori SS, Diaz AP, Lima CN, Benevenuto D, Fries GR, Quevedo J. Neurobiology of bipolar disorders: a review of genetic components, signaling pathways, biochemical changes, and neuroimaging findings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 42:536-551. [PMID: 32267339 PMCID: PMC7524405 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by changes in mood that alternate between mania and hypomania or between depression and mixed states, often associated with functional impairment. Although effective pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are available, several patients with BD remain symptomatic. The advance in the understanding of the neurobiology underlying BD could help in the identification of new therapeutic targets as well as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and response to treatment in BD. In this review, we discuss genetic, epigenetic, molecular, physiological and neuroimaging findings associated with the neurobiology of BD. Despite the advances in the pathophysiological knowledge of BD, the diagnosis and management of the disease are still essentially clinical. Given the complexity of the brain and the close relationship between environmental exposure and brain function, initiatives that incorporate genetic, epigenetic, molecular, physiological, clinical, environmental data, and brain imaging are necessary to produce information that can be translated into prevention and better outcomes for patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre P Diaz
- Translational Psychiatry Program Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Camila N Lima
- Translational Psychiatry Program Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Benevenuto
- Translational Psychiatry Program Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Laboratório de Psiquiatria Translacional, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders Louis A. Faillace, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
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Bame M, McInnis MG, O'Shea KS. MicroRNA Alterations in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons from Bipolar Disorder Patients: Pathways Involved in Neuronal Differentiation, Axon Guidance, and Plasticity. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:1145-1159. [PMID: 32438891 PMCID: PMC7469698 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BP) is a complex psychiatric condition characterized by severe fluctuations in mood for which underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Family and twin studies have identified a hereditary component to the disorder, but a single causative gene (or set of genes) has not been identified. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs ∼20 nucleotides in length, that are responsible for the posttranslational regulation of multiple genes. They have been shown to play important roles in neural development as well as in the adult brain, and several miRNAs have been reported to be dysregulated in postmortem brain tissue isolated from bipolar patients. Because there are no viable cellular models to study BP, we have taken advantage of the recent discovery that somatic cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotency then directed to form the full complement of neural cells. Analysis of RNAs extracted from Control and BP patient-derived neurons identified 58 miRNAs that were differentially expressed between the two groups. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction we validated six miRNAs that were elevated and two miRNAs that were expressed at lower levels in BP-derived neurons. Analysis of the targets of the miRNAs indicate that they may regulate a number of cellular pathways, including axon guidance, Mapk, Ras, Hippo, Neurotrophin, and Wnt signaling. Many are involved in processes previously implicated in BP, such as cell migration, axon guidance, dendrite and synapse development, and function. We have validated targets of several different miRNAs, including AXIN2, BDNF, RELN, and ANK3 as direct targets of differentially expressed miRNAs using luciferase assays. Identification of pathways altered in patient-derived neurons suggests that disruption of these regulatory networks that may contribute to the complex phenotypes in BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Bame
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Melvin G. McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - K. Sue O'Shea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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19
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Lai J, Jiang J, Zhang P, Xi C, Wu L, Gao X, Zhang D, Du Y, Li Q, Diao X, Lu S, Wang Z, Song X, Hu S. Gut microbial clues to bipolar disorder: State-of-the-art review of current findings and future directions. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e146. [PMID: 32898322 PMCID: PMC7423187 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microorganisms inhabiting in the human gut play an essential role in maintaining physical and mental health. The connections between gut microbiome and neuropsychiatric diseases have been recently identified. The pathogenesis of bipolar disorder, a spectrum of diseases manifesting with mood and energy fluctuations, also seems to be involved in the bidirectional modulation of the microbiome-gut-brain (MGB) axis. In this review, we briefly introduce the concept of MGB axis, and then focus on the previous findings in human studies associated with bipolar disorder. These studies provided preliminary evidences on the gut microbial alterations in bipolar disorder. Limitations in these studies and future directions in this research field, such as fecal microbiome transplantation and microbiome-targeted therapy, were discussed. A research framework linking gut microbiome to determinants and health-related outcomes in BD was also proposed. Better characterizing and understanding of gut microbial biosignatures in bipolar patients contribute to clarify the etiology of this intractable disease and pave the new way for treatment innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Lai
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Brain Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Jiajun Jiang
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Peifen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Caixi Xi
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lingling Wu
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xingle Gao
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Danhua Zhang
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yanli Du
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Qunxiao Li
- Department of PsychiatryHangzhou Fuyang Third People's HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Xiangyuan Diao
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Hospital of JiaxingJiaxingChina
| | - Shaojia Lu
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Brain Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Brain Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Xueqin Song
- Department of PsychiatryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatrythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Brain Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental HealthHangzhouChina
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20
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Rovira P, Sánchez-Mora C, Pagerols M, Richarte V, Corrales M, Fadeuilhe C, Vilar-Ribó L, Arribas L, Shireby G, Hannon E, Mill J, Casas M, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Soler Artigas M, Ribasés M. Epigenome-wide association study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:199. [PMID: 32561708 PMCID: PMC7305172 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood. There is growing evidence that epigenetic dysregulation participates in ADHD. Given that only a limited number of epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) of ADHD have been conducted so far and they have mainly focused on pediatric and population-based samples, we performed an EWAS in a clinical sample of adults with ADHD. We report one CpG site and four regions differentially methylated between patients and controls, which are located in or near genes previously involved in autoimmune diseases, cancer or neuroticism. Our sensitivity analyses indicate that smoking status is not responsible for these results and that polygenic risk burden for ADHD does not greatly impact the signatures identified. Additionally, we show an overlap of our EWAS findings with genetic signatures previously described for ADHD and with epigenetic signatures for smoking behavior and maternal smoking. These findings support a role of DNA methylation in ADHD and emphasize the need for additional efforts in larger samples to clarify the role of epigenetic mechanisms on ADHD across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rovira
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Mora
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mireia Pagerols
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanesa Richarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Corrales
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Fadeuilhe
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Vilar-Ribó
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Arribas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Shireby
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Eilis Hannon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Miquel Casas
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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21
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Gardea-Resendez M, Kucuker MU, Blacker CJ, Ho AMC, Croarkin PE, Frye MA, Veldic M. Dissecting the Epigenetic Changes Induced by Non-Antipsychotic Mood Stabilizers on Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:467. [PMID: 32390836 PMCID: PMC7189731 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epimutations secondary to gene-environment interactions have a key role in the pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders. In vivo and in vitro evidence suggest that mood stabilizers can potentially reverse epigenetic deregulations found in patients with schizophrenia or mood disorders through mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. However, their activity on epigenetic processes has made them a research target for therapeutic approaches. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed and EMBASE for studies investigating the specific epigenetic changes induced by non-antipsychotic mood stabilizers (valproate, lithium, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine) in animal models, human cell lines, or patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder. Each paper was reviewed for the nature of research, the species and tissue examined, sample size, mood stabilizer, targeted gene, epigenetic changes found, and associated psychiatric disorder. Every article was appraised for quality using a modified published process and those who met a quality score of moderate or high were included. RESULTS A total of 2,429 records were identified; 1,956 records remained after duplicates were removed and were screened via title, abstract and keywords; 129 records were selected for full-text screening and a remaining of 38 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Valproate and lithium were found to induce broader epigenetic changes through different mechanisms, mainly DNA demethylation and histones acetylation. There was less literature and hence smaller effects attributable to lamotrigine and carbamazepine could be associated overall with the small number of studies on these agents. Findings were congruent across sample types. CONCLUSIONS An advanced understanding of the specific epigenetic changes induced by classic mood stabilizers in patients with major psychiatric disorders will facilitate personalized interventions. Further related drug discovery should target the induction of selective chromatin remodeling and gene-specific expression effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Utku Kucuker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Caren J. Blacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ada M.-C. Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Paul E. Croarkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Marin Veldic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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22
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Salagre E, Vizuete A, Leite M, Brownstein D, McGuinness A, Jacka F, Dodd S, Stubbs B, Köhler C, Vieta E, Carvalho A, Berk M, Fernandes B. Homocysteine as a peripheral biomarker in bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 43:81-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disorder with an uncertain aetiology. Recently, special attention has been given to homocysteine (Hcy), as it has been suggested that alterations in 1-carbon metabolism might be implicated in diverse psychiatric disorders. However, there is uncertainty regarding possible alterations in peripheral Hcy levels in BD.Methods:This study comprises a meta-analysis comparing serum and plasma Hcy levels in persons with BD and healthy controls. We conducted a systematic search for all eligible English and non-English peer-reviewed articles.Results:Nine cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analyses, providing data on 1547 participants. Random-effects meta-analysis showed that serum and plasma levels of Hcy were increased in subjects with BD in either mania or euthymia when compared to healthy controls, with a large effect size in the mania group (g= 0.98, 95% CI: 0.8–1.17,P< 0.001,n= 495) and a small effect in the euthymia group (g= 0.3, 95% CI: 0.11–0.48,P= 0.002,n= 1052).Conclusions:Our meta-analysis provides evidence that Hcy levels are elevated in persons with BD during mania and euthymia. Peripheral Hcy could be considered as a potential biomarker in BD, both of trait (since it is increased in euthymia), and also of state (since its increase is more accentuated in mania). Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between bipolar disorder and Hcy, as well as the usefulness of peripheral Hcy as both a trait and state biomarker in BD.
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23
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Comes AL, Czamara D, Adorjan K, Anderson-Schmidt H, Andlauer TFM, Budde M, Gade K, Hake M, Kalman JL, Papiol S, Reich-Erkelenz D, Klöhn-Saghatolislam F, Schaupp SK, Schulte EC, Senner F, Juckel G, Schmauß M, Zimmermann J, Reimer J, Reininghaus E, Anghelescu IG, Konrad C, Thiel A, Figge C, von Hagen M, Koller M, Dietrich DE, Stierl S, Scherk H, Witt SH, Sivalingam S, Degenhardt F, Forstner AJ, Rietschel M, Nöthen MM, Wiltfang J, Falkai P, Schulze TG, Heilbronner U. The role of environmental stress and DNA methylation in the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2020; 8:9. [PMID: 32048126 PMCID: PMC7013010 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-019-0176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stressful life events influence the course of affective disorders, however, the mechanisms by which they bring about phenotypic change are not entirely known. METHODS We explored the role of DNA methylation in response to recent stressful life events in a cohort of bipolar patients from the longitudinal PsyCourse study (n = 96). Peripheral blood DNA methylomes were profiled at two time points for over 850,000 methylation sites. The association between impact ratings of stressful life events and DNA methylation was assessed, first by interrogating methylation sites in the vicinity of candidate genes previously implicated in the stress response and, second, by conducting an exploratory epigenome-wide association analysis. Third, the association between epigenetic aging and change in stress and symptom measures over time was investigated. RESULTS Investigation of methylation signatures over time revealed just over half of the CpG sites tested had an absolute difference in methylation of at least 1% over a 1-year period. Although not a single CpG site withstood correction for multiple testing, methylation at one site (cg15212455) was suggestively associated with stressful life events (p < 1.0 × 10-5). Epigenetic aging over a 1-year period was not associated with changes in stress or symptom measures. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate epigenome-wide methylation across time in bipolar patients and in relation to recent, non-traumatic stressful life events. Limited and inconclusive evidence warrants future longitudinal investigations in larger samples of well-characterized bipolar patients to give a complete picture regarding the role of DNA methylation in the course of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Comes
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany. .,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804, Munich, Germany.
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Anderson-Schmidt
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Budde
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Gade
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maria Hake
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Janos L Kalman
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Reich-Erkelenz
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Farah Klöhn-Saghatolislam
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina K Schaupp
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva C Schulte
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Fanny Senner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL University Hospital, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Max Schmauß
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, University of Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Zimmermann
- Psychiatrieverbund Oldenburger Land gGmbH, Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, 26160, Bad Zwischenahn, Germany
| | - Jens Reimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Research Unit for Bipolar Affective Disorder, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Carsten Konrad
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum, 27356, Rotenburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Thiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum, 27356, Rotenburg, Germany
| | - Christian Figge
- Karl-Jaspers Clinic, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, 26160, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Martin von Hagen
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center Werra-Meißner, 37269, Eschwege, Germany
| | - Manfred Koller
- Asklepios Specialized Hospital, 37081, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Detlef E Dietrich
- AMEOS Clinical Center Hildesheim, 31135, Hildesheim, Germany.,Center für Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical School of Hannover, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Harald Scherk
- AMEOS Clinical Center Osnabrück, 49088, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sugirthan Sivalingam
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, 35033, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,iBiMED, Medical Sciences Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas G Schulze
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Urs Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
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24
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Wilkowska A, Szałach Ł, Cubała WJ. Ketamine in Bipolar Disorder: A Review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2707-2717. [PMID: 33209026 PMCID: PMC7670087 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s282208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric illness associated with high morbidity, mortality and suicide rate. It has neuroprogressive course and a high rate of treatment resistance. Hence, there is an unquestionable need for new BD treatment strategies. Ketamine appears to have rapid antidepressive and antisuicidal effects. Since most of the available studies concern unipolar depression, here we present a novel insight arguing that ketamine might be a promising treatment for bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Wilkowska
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szałach
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiesław J Cubała
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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25
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Latalova K, Sery O, Hosakova K, Hosak L. Gene-Environment Interactions in Major Mental Disorders in the Czech Republic. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:1147-1156. [PMID: 32440130 PMCID: PMC7212780 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s238522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders affect about one-third of the human population, are typically chronic and significantly decrease the quality of life. Presently, the treatment of mental illnesses is far from adequate with a substantial proportion of the patients being pharmacoresistant and suffering from relapses. One of the reasons for this complicated situation is that we do not precisely know about the causes of mental disorders, so their treatment cannot be causal. The etiology of a mental disorder is typically based on a combination of molecular (genetic) and environmental factors. AIM The aim of the project is to discover the gene-environment interactions (GxE) in a wide spectrum of mental disorders. METHODS The design of our study is innovative in the sense that we intend to study large groups of associated mental disorders as a whole instead of in isolation. This would enable us to map out the possible environmental causal factors in detail in relation to their character, magnitude and timing. The project also allows a study of genetics (including epigenetics and microbiomes) as well as the environment simultaneously. We plan on involving three study groups: the first group are patients suffering from schizophrenia or a mood disorder such as major depression, recurrent depressive disorder and bipolar affective disorder; the second group of patients have anxiety disorders; and the third group are healthy volunteers from the general population who are genetically unrelated. All of the study subjects will undergo the following assessments: a psychiatric examination, the identification of stressful life events with the aid of a questionnaire, the examination of their reaction to stress, genetic and epigenetic (microRNA) assessments and the analysis of oral and gut microbiome. CONCLUSION We expect that some of the genetic as well as environmental factors in the studied mental disorders are shared, while some others are specific. We also expect that the GxE (gene-environment interaction) in schizophrenic and affective disorders will be different from the GxE in anxiety disorders and that the GxE in the studied mental disorders will differ generally from the GxE in healthy volunteers. Our results can help in the prevention and individualized treatment of a range of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Palacky University Olomouc, School of Medicine and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Omar Sery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Hosakova
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, School of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Hosak
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, School of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Chen Y, Shi J, Liu H, Wang Q, Chen X, Tang H, Yan R, Yao Z, Lu Q. Plasma microRNA Array Analysis Identifies Overexpressed miR-19b-3p as a Biomarker of Bipolar Depression Distinguishing From Unipolar Depression. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:757. [PMID: 33192625 PMCID: PMC7432143 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder (current major depressive episode) (BD) overlap with unipolar depressive disorder (UD), which makes it difficult to perform an accurate diagnosis. We identified plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) that distinguished BD from UD and explored the relationship between miRNA expression levels and clinical characteristics. METHODS Total miRNAs from blood plasma from seven UD patients, seven BD patients, and six controls were analyzed. The identified miRNAs were validated in a separate population group. Depression severity and early life adversities were assessed. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to investigate the target genes that were identified and the pathways associated with the altered miRNAs. RESULTS Compared to controls, 42 miRNAs were differentially expressed in patients. miR-19b-3p, miR-3921, and miR-1180-3p were selected to validate the microarray results. Only miR-19b-3p was validated as down-regulated in patients. The primary predicted genes associated with miR-19b-3p were MAPK1, PTEN, and PRKAA1. The most relevant KEGG pathways included mTOR, FoxO, and the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway. BD patients were more likely to have higher expression levels of miR-19b-3p and more severe childhood trauma experience compared to UD patients. CONCLUSIONS Plasma miR-19b-3p is a potential non-invasive biomarker that might be useful in distinguishing UD from BD. miR-19b3p was predicted to be involved in the pathway of inflammatory dysregulation associated with experiencing early childhood trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiabo Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangxiang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijian Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
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Expression alteration of microRNAs in Nucleus Accumbens is associated with chronic stress and antidepressant treatment in rats. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2019; 19:271. [PMID: 31856805 PMCID: PMC6921443 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-019-0964-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) is a vital brain region for the process of reward and stress, whereas microRNA plays a crucial role in depression pathology. However, the abnormality of NAc miRNA expression during the stress-induced depression and antidepressant treatment, as well as its biological significance, are still unknown. METHODS We performed the small RNA-sequencing in NAc of rats from three groups: control, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and CUMS with an antidepressant, Escitalopram. We applied an integrative pipeline for analyzing the miRNA expression alternation in different model groups, including differential expression analysis, co-expression analysis, as well as a subsequent pathway/network analysis to discover both miRNA alteration pattern and its biological significance. RESULT A total of 423 miRNAs were included in analysis.18/8 differential expressing (DE) miRNA (adjusted p < 0.05, |log2FC| > 1) were observed in controls Vs. depression/depression Vs. treatment, 2 of which are overlapping. 78% (14/18) of these miRNAs showed opposite trends of alteration in stress and treatment. Two micro RNA, miR-10b-5p and miR-214-3p, appeared to be hubs in the regulation networks and also among the top findings in both differential analyses. Using co-expression analysis, we found a functional module that strongly correlated with stress (R = 0.96, P = 0.003), and another functional module with a moderate correlation with anhedonia (R = 0.89, P = 0.02). We also found that predicted targets of these miRNAs were significantly enriched in the Ras signaling pathway, which is associated with both depression, anhedonia, and antidepressant treatment. CONCLUSION Escitalopram treatment can significantly reverse NAc miRNA abnormality induced by chronic stress. However, the novel miRNA alteration that is absent in stress pathology also emerges, which means that antidepressant treatment is unlikely to bring miRNA expression back to the same level as the controls. Also, the Ras-signaling pathway may be involved in explaining the depression disease etiology, the clinical symptom, and treatment response of stress-induced depression.
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Luykx JJ, Giuliani F, Giuliani G, Veldink J. Coding and Non-Coding RNA Abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10110946. [PMID: 31752442 PMCID: PMC6895892 DOI: 10.3390/genes10110946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder (BPD) have remained largely unknown. Postmortem brain tissue studies comparing BPD patients with healthy controls have produced a heterogeneous array of potentially implicated protein-coding RNAs. We hypothesized that dysregulation of not only coding, but multiple classes of RNA (coding RNA, long non-coding (lnc) RNA, circular (circ) RNA, and/or alternative splicing) underlie the pathogenesis of BPD. Using non-polyadenylated libraries we performed RNA sequencing in postmortem human medial frontal gyrus tissue from BPD patients and healthy controls. Twenty genes, some of which not previously implicated in BPD, were differentially expressed (DE). PCR validation and replication confirmed the implication of these DE genes. Functional in silico analyses identified enrichment of angiogenesis, vascular system development and histone H3-K4 demethylation. In addition, ten lncRNA transcripts were differentially expressed. Furthermore, an overall increased number of alternative splicing events in BPD was detected, as well as an increase in the number of genes carrying alternative splicing events. Finally, a large reservoir of circRNAs populating brain tissue not affected by BPD is described, while in BPD altered levels of two circular transcripts, cNEBL and cEPHA3, are reported. cEPHA3, hitherto unlinked to BPD, is implicated in developmental processes in the central nervous system. Although we did not perform replication analyses of non-coding RNA findings, our findings hint that RNA dysregulation in BPD is not limited to coding regions, opening avenues for future pharmacological investigations and biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurjen J. Luykx
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (F.G.); (G.G.); (J.V.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- GGNet Mental Health, 7328 JE Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-0-88-756-8638
| | - Fabrizio Giuliani
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (F.G.); (G.G.); (J.V.)
| | - Giuliano Giuliani
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (F.G.); (G.G.); (J.V.)
| | - Jan Veldink
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (F.G.); (G.G.); (J.V.)
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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29
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Ho AMC, Winham SJ, Armasu SM, Blacker CJ, Millischer V, Lavebratt C, Overholser JC, Jurjus GJ, Dieter L, Mahajan G, Rajkowska G, Vallender EJ, Stockmeier CA, Robertson KD, Frye MA, Choi DS, Veldic M. Genome-wide DNA methylomic differences between dorsolateral prefrontal and temporal pole cortices of bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 117:45-54. [PMID: 31279243 PMCID: PMC6941851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and temporal pole (TP) are brain regions that display abnormalities in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. DNA methylation - an epigenetic mechanism both heritable and sensitive to the environment - may be involved in the pathophysiology of BD. To study BD-associated DNA methylomic differences in these brain regions, we extracted genomic DNA from the postmortem tissues of Brodmann Area (BA) 9 (DLPFC) and BA38 (TP) gray matter from 20 BD, ten major depression (MDD), and ten control age-and-sex-matched subjects. Genome-wide methylation levels were measured using the 850 K Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We detected striking differences between cortical regions, with greater numbers of between-brain-region differentially methylated positions (DMPs; i.e., CpG sites) in all groups, most pronounced in the BD group, and with substantial overlap across groups. The genes of DMPs common to both BD and MDD (hypothetically associated with their common features such as depression) and those distinct to BD (hypothetically associated with BD-specific features such as mania) were enriched in pathways involved in neurodevelopment including axon guidance. Pathways enriched only in the BD-MDD shared list pointed to GABAergic dysregulation, while those enriched in the BD-only list suggested glutamatergic dysregulation and greater impact on synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. We further detected group-specific between-brain-region gene expression differences in ODC1, CALY, GALNT2, and GABRD, which contained significant between-brain-region DMPs. In each brain region, no significant DMPs or differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were found between diagnostic groups. In summary, the methylation differences between DLPFC and TP may provide molecular targets for further investigations of genetic and environmental vulnerabilities associated with both unique and common features of various mood disorders and suggest directions of future development of individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada M.-C. Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Caren J. Blacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vincent Millischer
- Department for Molecular Medicine and Surgery (MMK),
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Department for Molecular Medicine and Surgery (MMK),
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James C. Overholser
- Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George J. Jurjus
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA,Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH,
USA
| | - Lesa Dieter
- Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gouri Mahajan
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Grazyna Rajkowska
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Eric J. Vallender
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Craig A. Stockmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA,Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Keith D. Robertson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marin Veldic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Gaine ME, Seifuddin F, Sabunciyan S, Lee RS, Benke KS, Monson ET, Zandi PP, Potash JB, Willour VL. Differentially methylated regions in bipolar disorder and suicide. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2019; 180:496-507. [PMID: 31350827 PMCID: PMC8375453 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The addition of a methyl group to, typically, a cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) creates distinct DNA methylation patterns across the genome that can regulate gene expression. Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG sites has been associated with many psychiatric disorders including bipolar disorder (BD) and suicide. Using the SureSelectXT system, Methyl-Seq, we investigated the DNA methylation status of CpG sites throughout the genome in 50 BD individuals (23 subjects who died by suicide and 27 subjects who died from other causes) and 31 nonpsychiatric controls. We identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) from three analyses: (a) BD subjects compared to nonpsychiatric controls (BD-NC), (b) BD subjects who died by suicide compared to nonpsychiatric controls (BDS-NC), and (c) BDS subjects compared to BD subjects who died from other causes (BDS-BDNS). One DMR from the BDS-NC analysis, located in ARHGEF38, was significantly hypomethylated (23.4%) in BDS subjects. This finding remained significant after multiple testing (PBootstrapped = 9.0 × 10-3 ), was validated using pyrosequencing, and was more significant in males. A secondary analysis utilized Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify enrichment in nominally significant DMRs. This identified an association with several pathways including axonal guidance signaling, calcium signaling, β-adrenergic signaling, and opioid signaling. Our comprehensive study provides further support that DNA methylation alterations influence the risk for BD and suicide. However, further investigation is required to confirm these associations and identify their functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E. Gaine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Fayaz Seifuddin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sarven Sabunciyan
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kelly S. Benke
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eric T. Monson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Peter P. Zandi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James B. Potash
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Virginia L. Willour
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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31
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Prata DP, Costa-Neves B, Cosme G, Vassos E. Unravelling the genetic basis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with GWAS: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 114:178-207. [PMID: 31096178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review findings of GWAS in schizophrenia (SZ) and in bipolar disorder (BD); and to interpret findings, with a focus on identifying independent replications. METHOD PubMed search, selection and review of all independent GWAS in SZ or BD, published since March 2011, i.e. studies using non-overlapping samples within each article, between articles, and with those of the previous review (Li et al., 2012). RESULTS From the 22 GWAS included in this review, the genetic associations surviving standard GWAS-significance were for genetic markers in the regions of ACSL3/KCNE4, ADCY2, AMBRA1, ANK3, BRP44, DTL, FBLN1, HHAT, INTS7, LOC392301, LOC645434/NMBR, LOC729457, LRRFIP1, LSM1, MDM1, MHC, MIR2113/POU3F2, NDST3, NKAPL, ODZ4, PGBD1, RENBP, TRANK1, TSPAN18, TWIST2, UGT1A1/HJURP, WHSC1L1/FGFR1 and ZKSCAN4. All genes implicated across both reviews are discussed in terms of their function and implication in neuropsychiatry. CONCLUSION Taking all GWAS to date into account, AMBRA1, ANK3, ARNTL, CDH13, EFHD1 (albeit with different alleles), MHC, PLXNA2 and UGT1A1 have been implicated in either disorder in at least two reportedly non-overlapping samples. Additionally, evidence for a SZ/BD common genetic basis is most strongly supported by the implication of ANK3, NDST3, and PLXNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Prata
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, UK; Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Bernardo Costa-Neves
- Lisbon Medical School, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa, Av. do Brasil, 53 1749-002, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Cosme
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, UK
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Pai S, Li P, Killinger B, Marshall L, Jia P, Liao J, Petronis A, Szabó PE, Labrie V. Differential methylation of enhancer at IGF2 is associated with abnormal dopamine synthesis in major psychosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2046. [PMID: 31053723 PMCID: PMC6499808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired neuronal processes, including dopamine imbalance, are central to the pathogenesis of major psychosis, but the molecular origins are unclear. Here we perform a multi-omics study of neurons isolated from the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (n = 55 cases and 27 controls). DNA methylation, transcriptomic, and genetic-epigenetic interactions in major psychosis converged on pathways of neurodevelopment, synaptic activity, and immune functions. We observe prominent hypomethylation of an enhancer within the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene in major psychosis neurons. Chromatin conformation analysis revealed that this enhancer targets the nearby tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene responsible for dopamine synthesis. In patients, we find hypomethylation of the IGF2 enhancer is associated with increased TH protein levels. In mice, Igf2 enhancer deletion disrupts the levels of TH protein and striatal dopamine, and induces transcriptional and proteomic abnormalities affecting neuronal structure and signaling. Our data suggests that epigenetic activation of the enhancer at IGF2 may enhance dopamine synthesis associated with major psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Pai
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E1, ON, Canada.
- The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, M5T 1R8, ON, Canada.
| | - Peipei Li
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA
| | - Bryan Killinger
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA
| | - Lee Marshall
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA
| | - Peixin Jia
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, M5T 1R8, ON, Canada
| | - Ji Liao
- Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA
| | - Arturas Petronis
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, M5T 1R8, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Piroska E Szabó
- Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA
| | - Viviane Labrie
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA.
- Krembil Family Epigenetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, M5T 1R8, ON, Canada.
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA.
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Palagini L, Domschke K, Benedetti F, Foster RG, Wulff K, Riemann D. Developmental pathways towards mood disorders in adult life: Is there a role for sleep disturbances? J Affect Disord 2019; 243:121-132. [PMID: 30243192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mood disorders are among the most prevalent and serious mental disorders and rank high among to the leading global burdens of disease. The developmental psychopathology framework can offer a life course perspective on them thus providing a basis for early prevention and intervention. Sleep disturbances, are considered risk factors for mood disorders across childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Assuming that sleep disturbances may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of mood disorders from a life course point of view, we reviewed the data on developmental pathways towards mood disorders in adult life in relation to sleep disturbances. METHOD From February 2017, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase electronic databases for literature on developmental pathways to mood disorders in adult life in relation to sleep disturbances and to 1) pre-natal stress, 2) early brain developmental processes, and 3) temperaments, character and attachment style. RESULTS Eleven, 54 and 15 articles were respectively selected. CONCLUSIONS Experimental and clinical studies revealed that exposure to prenatal/early life stress results in sleep disturbances such as poor sleep and altered circadian regulation phases and may predict or even precipitate mood disorders in adulthood. Chronic sleep disruption may interfere with neuronal plasticity, connectivity and the developing brain thus contributing to the development of mood disorders. In addition sleep and circadian dysregulations have been shown to be related to those temperaments, character and attachment styles which are considered precursors of mood disorders. Sleep and circadian behaviours may serve as early targets regarding mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palagini
- Department of Clinical Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Unit, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127 Milano, Italy
| | - Russell G Foster
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience at the University of Oxford, UK
| | - Katharina Wulff
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience at the University of Oxford, UK
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
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Abstract
Characterized by the switch of manic and depressive phases, bipolar disorder was described as early as the fifth century BC. Nevertheless up to date, the underlying neurobiology is still largely unclear, assuming a multifactor genesis with both biological-genetic and psychosocial factors. Significant process has been achieved in recent years in researching the causes of bipolar disorder with modern molecular biological (e.g., genetic and epigenetic studies) and imaging techniques (e.g., positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)). In this chapter we will first summarize our recent knowledge on the etiology of bipolar disorder. We then discuss how several factors observed to contribute to bipolar disorder in human patients can be manipulated to generate rodent models for bipolar disorder. Finally, we will give an overview on behavioral test that can be used to assess bipolar-disorder-like behavior in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Freund
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
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35
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Teixeira AL, Colpo GD, Fries GR, Bauer IE, Selvaraj S. Biomarkers for bipolar disorder: current status and challenges ahead. Expert Rev Neurother 2018; 19:67-81. [PMID: 30451546 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1550361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder marked by clinical and pathophysiological heterogeneity. There is a high expectation that personalized approaches can improve the management of patients with BD. For that, identification and validation of potential biomarkers are fundamental. Areas covered: This manuscript will critically review the current status of different biomarkers for BD, including peripheral, genetic, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological candidates, discussing the challenges to move the field forward. Expert commentary: There are no lab or complementary tests currently recommended for the diagnosis or management of patients with BD. Panels composed by multiple biomarkers will probably contribute to stratifying patients according to their clinical stage, therapeutic response, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio L Teixeira
- a Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, UT Health , Houston , TX , USA.,b Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Gabriela D Colpo
- a Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, UT Health , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Gabriel R Fries
- a Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, UT Health , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Isabelle E Bauer
- a Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, UT Health , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Sudhakar Selvaraj
- a Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, UT Health , Houston , TX , USA
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Oliveira T, Marinho V, Carvalho V, Magalhães F, Rocha K, Ayres C, Teixeira S, Nunes M, Bastos VH, Pinto GR. Genetic polymorphisms associated with circadian rhythm dysregulation provide new perspectives on bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2018; 20:515-522. [PMID: 29441659 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to present a broad view of how genetic polymorphisms in genes that control the rhythmicity and function of circadian rhythm may influence the etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS A bibliographic search was performed to identify and select papers reporting studies on variations in circadian genes and BD. A search of Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science was carried out to review the literature. RESULTS Several studies provide evidence of contributions of variations in circadian genes to disease etiology, pathophysiological variations and lithium drug response. Dysfunction of the sleep-wake cycle, an important brain function regulator, is indicated as the primary means by which circadian gene variations act in mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS Investigations of the effects of circadian genes have suggested that the chronotype offers hope for guiding and improving management of patients with BD. However, BD is a disease of a complex nature and presents multiple endophenotypes determined by different associations between genetics and the environment. Thus, new genomic studies to delimit variations that may help improve the clinical condition of these patients are extremely important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomaz Oliveira
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Victor Marinho
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Valécia Carvalho
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Francisco Magalhães
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Kaline Rocha
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Carla Ayres
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Silmar Teixeira
- Brain Mapping and Plasticity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Monara Nunes
- Brain Mapping and Functionality Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Bastos
- Brain Mapping and Functionality Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Giovanny R Pinto
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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Fries GR, Carvalho AF, Quevedo J. The miRNome of bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2018; 233:110-116. [PMID: 28969861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic mechanisms have been suggested to play a key role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD), among which microRNAs (miRNAs) may be of particular significance according to recent studies. We aimed to summarize miRNA studies in BD to identify consistent findings, limitations, and future directions of this emerging field. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search on PUBMED and Medline for studies investigating an association between BD and miRNAs. The included studies report miRNA alterations in postmortem brain tissues and in the periphery, cell culture and preclinical findings, genetic associations, and the effects of medications. RESULTS Several studies report changes in miRNA expression levels in postmortem brain and in the periphery of patients, although most of the results so far have not been replicated and are not concordant between different populations. Genetic studies also suggest that miRNA genes are located within susceptibility loci of BD, and also a putative role of miRNAs in modulating genes previously shown to confer risk of BD. LIMITATIONS We did not perform a systematic review of the literature, and miRNAs represent only one facet of the plethora of epigenetic mechanisms that might be involved in BD's pathophysiology. CONCLUSIONS miRNA findings in BD significantly vary between studies, but are consistent to suggest a key role for these molecules in BD's pathophysiology and treatment, particularly miR-34a and miR-137. Accordingly, miRNA might represent important biomarkers of illness to be used in the clinical settings, and potentially also for the development of novel therapeutics for BD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA.
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA; Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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38
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A comparative expression analysis of isocitrate dehydrogenase-3 gene and protein levels in postmortem brain tissues from subjects with bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:792-793. [PMID: 29155801 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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39
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Kular L, Kular S. Epigenetics applied to psychiatry: Clinical opportunities and future challenges. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 72:195-211. [PMID: 29292553 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are clinically heterogeneous and debilitating chronic diseases resulting from a complex interplay between gene variants and environmental factors. Epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation and histone posttranslational modifications, instruct the cell/tissue to correctly interpret external signals and adjust its functions accordingly. Given that epigenetic modifications are sensitive to environment, stable, and reversible, epigenetic studies in psychiatry could represent a promising approach to better understanding and treating disease. In the present review, we aim to discuss the clinical opportunities and challenges arising from the epigenetic research in psychiatry. Using selected examples, we first recapitulate key findings supporting the role of adverse life events, alone or in combination with genetic risk, in epigenetic programming of neuropsychiatric systems. Epigenetic studies further report encouraging findings about the use of methylation changes as diagnostic markers of disease phenotype and predictive tools of progression and response to treatment. Then we discuss the potential of using targeted epigenetic pharmacotherapy, combined with psychosocial interventions, for future personalized medicine for patients. Finally, we review the methodological limitations that could hinder interpretation of epigenetic data in psychiatry. They mainly arise from heterogeneity at the individual and tissue level and require future strategies in order to reinforce the biological relevance of epigenetic data and its translational use in psychiatry. Overall, we suggest that epigenetics could provide new insights into a more comprehensive interpretation of mental illness and might eventually improve the nosology, treatment, and prevention of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Kular
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sonia Kular
- Adult Psychiatry Unit of Laval Secteur Est, Laval, France
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40
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D’Addario C, Palazzo MC, Benatti B, Grancini B, Pucci M, Di Francesco A, Camuri G, Galimberti D, Fenoglio C, Scarpini E, Altamura AC, Maccarrone M, Dell’Osso B. Regulation of gene transcription in bipolar disorders: Role of DNA methylation in the relationship between prodynorphin and brain derived neurotrophic factor. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 82:314-321. [PMID: 28830794 PMCID: PMC5859566 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a prevalent and disabling condition, determined by gene-environment interactions, possibly mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. The present study aimed at investigating the transcriptional regulation of BD selected target genes by DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with a DSM-5 diagnosis of type I (BD-I) and type II (BD-II) Bipolar Disorders (n=99), as well as of healthy controls (CT, n=42). The analysis of gene expression revealed prodynorphin (PDYN) mRNA levels significantly reduced in subjects with BD-II but not in those with BD-I, when compared to CT. Other target genes (i.e. catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67), serotonin transporter (SERT) mRNA levels remained unaltered. Consistently, an increase in DNA methylation at PDYN gene promoter was observed in BD-II patients vs CT. After stratifying data on the basis of pharmacotherapy, patients on mood-stabilizers (i.e., lithium and anticonvulsants) were found to have lower DNA methylation at PDYN gene promoter. A significantly positive correlation in promoter DNA methylation was observed in all subjects between PDYN and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), whose methylation status had been previously found altered in BD. Moreover, among key genes relevant for DNA methylation establishment here analysed, an up-regulation of DNA Methyl Transferases 3b (DNMT3b) and of the methyl binding protein MeCP2 (methyl CpG binding protein 2) mRNA levels was also observed again just in BD-II subjects. A clear selective role of DNA methylation involvement in BD-II is shown here, further supporting a role for BDNF and its possible interaction with PDYN. These data might be relevant in the pathophysiology of BD, both in relation to BDNF and for the improvement of available treatments and development of novel ones that modulate epigenetic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D’Addario
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden,Correspondence to: Claudio D’Addario, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy,
| | - Maria Carlotta Palazzo
- Centro Sant’Ambrogio Ordine Ospedaliero San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Milano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Benatti
- Department of Psychiatry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Benedetta Grancini
- Department of Psychiatry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariangela Pucci
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Francesco
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Giulia Camuri
- Department of Psychiatry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Neurology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Department of Neurology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Department of Neurology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - A. Carlo Altamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy,European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Bernardo Dell’Osso
- Department of Psychiatry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRRCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bipolar Disorders Clinic, Stanford University, CA, USA,Correspondence to: Bernardo Dell’Osso, Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy,
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DNA redox modulations and global DNA methylation in bipolar disorder: Effects of sex, smoking and illness state. Psychiatry Res 2018; 261:589-596. [PMID: 29407727 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
DNA redox modulations and methylation have been associated with bipolar disorder (BD) pathophysiology. We aimed to investigate DNA redox modulation and global DNA methylation and demethylation levels in patients with BD during euthymia, mania or depression in comparison to non-psychiatric controls. The roles of sex and smoking as susceptibility factors for DNA redox modulations and global DNA methylation and demethylation were also explored. Levels of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were assessed in DNA samples of 75 patients with DSM-IV BD type I (37 euthymic, 18 manic, 20 depressive) in comparison to 60 non-psychiatric controls. Levels of 5-mC and 5-hmC were assessed using Dot Blot as a screening process, and verified using ELISA. Levels of 8-OHdG were assessed using ELISA. The levels of 8-OHdG significantly differed among non-psychiatric control, euthymia, mania and depression groups [F (3,110) = 2.771, p = 0.046], whereas there were no alterations in the levels of 5-hmC and 5-mC. Linear regression analyses revealed the significant effects of smoking (p = 0.031) and sex (p = 0.012) as well as state of illness on the levels of 8-OHdG (p = 0.025) in patients with BD. Our results suggest that levels of 8-OHdG may be affected by sex, illness states and smoking in BD.
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42
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McInnis MG, Assari S, Kamali M, Ryan K, Langenecker SA, Saunders EFH, Versha K, Evans S, O’Shea KS, Mower Provost E, Marshall D, Forger D, Deldin P, Zoellner S. Cohort Profile: The Heinz C. Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:28-28n. [PMID: 29211851 PMCID: PMC5837550 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melvin G McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shervin Assari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Masoud Kamali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott A Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erika FH Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, Penn State Hershey Medical Group, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kritika Versha
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Simon Evans
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Sue O’Shea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | | | - David Marshall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Sebastian Zoellner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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He Y, Vinkers CH, Houtepen LC, de Witte LD, Boks MP. Childhood Adversity Is Associated With Increased KITLG Methylation in Healthy Individuals but Not in Bipolar Disorder Patients. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:743. [PMID: 30723428 PMCID: PMC6349722 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Childhood adversity increases the risk of a range of mental disorders including bipolar disorder, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Previous studies identified DNA methylation levels at the cg27512205 locus on the KIT Ligand (KITLG) gene as a mediator between childhood adversity and stress responsivity. This raises the question whether this locus also plays a role in stress related disorders such as bipolar disorder. Therefore, the current study aims to compare the level of KITLG (cg27512205) methylation between bipolar patients and healthy individuals and its relation to childhood adversity. Methods: KITLG (cg27512205) methylation was measured in 50 bipolar disorder patients and 91 healthy control participants using the HumanMethylation450K BeadChip platform. Childhood adversity in each individual was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Analyses of the association of KITLG methylation with bipolar disorder, the association of childhood adversity with bipolar disorder as well as the association of KITLG methylation with childhood adversity in bipolar patients and controls were conducted using linear regression with age, gender, childhood adversity, smoking, and cell-type composition estimates as covariates. Results: KITLG (cg27512205) methylation level was significantly lower in bipolar disorder patients (β = -0.351, t = -6.316 p < 0.001). Childhood adversity levels were significantly higher in the bipolar disorder group (β = 4.903, t = 2.99, p = 0.003). In the bipolar disorder patients KITLG methylation was not associated with childhood adversity (β = 0.004, t = 1.039, p = 0.304) in contrast to the healthy controls (β = 0.012, t = 3.15, p = 0.002). Conclusions: KITLG methylation was lower in bipolar disorder despite high levels of childhood adversity, whereas childhood adversity was associated with higher KITLG methylation in healthy controls. In addition to lower methylation at this locus there is an indication that failure to adjust KITLG methylation to high levels of childhood adversity is a risk factor for bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie He
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Christiaan H Vinkers
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Lotte C Houtepen
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Lot D de Witte
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Marco P Boks
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Pisanu C, Katsila T, Patrinos GP, Squassina A. Recent trends on the role of epigenomics, metabolomics and noncoding RNAs in rationalizing mood stabilizing treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:129-143. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mood stabilizers are the cornerstone in treatment of mood disorders, but their use is characterized by high interindividual variability. This feature has stimulated intensive research to identify predictive biomarkers of response and disentangle the molecular bases of their clinical efficacy. Nevertheless, findings from studies conducted so far have only explained a small proportion of the observed variability, suggesting that factors other than DNA variants could be involved. A growing body of research has been focusing on the role of epigenetics and metabolomics in response to mood stabilizers, especially lithium salts. Studies from these approaches have provided new insights into the molecular networks and processes involved in the mechanism of action of mood stabilizers, promoting a systems-level multiomics synergy. In this article, we reviewed the literature investigating the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms, noncoding RNAs and metabolomic modifications in bipolar disorder and the mechanism of action and clinical efficacy of mood stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Theodora Katsila
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras School of Health Sciences, Patras, Greece
| | - George P Patrinos
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras School of Health Sciences, Patras, Greece
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M. Type A and B monoamine oxidases distinctly modulate signal transduction pathway and gene expression to regulate brain function and survival of neurons. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:1635-1650. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
This article focuses on some aspects of recent progress in the neurobiology and treatment of bipolar disorder (BD) in adults. A molecular-genetic approach to the etiopathogenesis of the illness resulted in the findings of a genetic overlap between BD and other major psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, a poly-gene-environmental interaction in the development of the illness has been demonstrated. For the management of BD, new drugs with putative mood-stabilizing properties have been introduced in the past two decades. However, none of these can surpass lithium, the prototype mood-stabilizer, still considered the most specific drug for BD. Recent research on lithium, besides providing new data on the neurobiology of BD, has confirmed anti-suicidal, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz K Rybakowski
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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