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Cui Q, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Chen C. The tumor-nerve circuit in breast cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:543-574. [PMID: 36997828 PMCID: PMC10349033 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that innervation is one of the updated hallmarks of cancer and that psychological stress promotes the initiation and progression of cancer. The breast tumor environment includes not only fibroblasts, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and lymphocytes but also neurons, which is increasingly discovered important in breast cancer progression. Peripheral nerves, especially sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory nerves, have been reported to play important but different roles in breast cancer. However, their roles in the breast cancer progression and treatment are still controversial. In addition, the brain is one of the favorite sites of breast cancer metastasis. In this review, we first summarize the innervation of breast cancer and its mechanism in regulating cancer growth and metastasis. Next, we summarize the neural-related molecular markers in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. In addition, we review drugs and emerging technologies used to block the interactions between nerves and breast cancer. Finally, we discuss future research directions in this field. In conclusion, the further research in breast cancer and its interactions with innervated neurons or neurotransmitters is promising in the clinical management of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Cui
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Science & Technology of China, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Dewei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yuanqi Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Science & Technology of China, Zhanjiang, 524000, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China.
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2
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Anderson JM, Boardman AA, Bates R, Zou X, Huang W, Cao L. Hypothalamic TrkB.FL overexpression improves metabolic outcomes in the BTBR mouse model of autism. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282566. [PMID: 36893171 PMCID: PMC9997972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice are used as a model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), displaying similar behavioral and physiological deficits observed in patients with ASD. Our recent study found that implementation of an enriched environment (EE) in BTBR mice improved metabolic and behavioral outcomes. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and its receptor tropomyosin kinase receptor B (Ntrk2) were upregulated in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala by implementing EE in BTBR mice, suggesting that BDNF-TrkB signaling plays a role in the EE-BTBR phenotype. Here, we used an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to overexpress the TrkB full-length (TrkB.FL) BDNF receptor in the BTBR mouse hypothalamus in order to assess whether hypothalamic BDNF-TrkB signaling is responsible for the improved metabolic and behavioral phenotypes associated with EE. Normal chow diet (NCD)-fed and high fat diet (HFD)-fed BTBR mice were randomized to receive either bilateral injections of AAV-TrkB.FL or AAV-YFP as control, and were subjected to metabolic and behavioral assessments up to 24 weeks post-injection. Both NCD and HFD TrkB.FL overexpressing mice displayed improved metabolic outcomes, characterized as reduced percent weight gain and increased energy expenditure. NCD TrkB.FL mice showed improved glycemic control, reduced adiposity, and increased lean mass. In NCD mice, TrkB.FL overexpression altered the ratio of TrkB.FL/TrkB.T1 protein expression and increased phosphorylation of PLCγ in the hypothalamus. TrkB.FL overexpression also upregulated expression of hypothalamic genes involved in energy regulation and altered expression of genes involved in thermogenesis, lipolysis, and energy expenditure in white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue. In HFD mice, TrkB.FL overexpression increased phosphorylation of PLCγ. TrkB.FL overexpression in the hypothalamus did not improve behavioral deficits in either NCD or HFD mice. Together, these results suggest that enhancing hypothalamic TrkB.FL signaling improves metabolic health in BTBR mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Anderson
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Amber A. Boardman
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Rhiannon Bates
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Xunchang Zou
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
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Yu Q, Wang Y, Yi G, Yang W, Chen K, Tan X, Zhang X, Xu Z, Yang Z, Peng Y. BDNF is a prognostic biomarker involved in immune infiltration of lung adenocarcinoma and is associated with brain metastasis. Immunology 2023; 168:320-330. [PMID: 36151890 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Brain metastases are a common complication of a wide range of human malignancies, particularly lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, has been linked to several human malignancies and has been shown to promote LUAD tumorigenesis. However, its function in the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) remains largely unexplored, especially in complex brain tissue environments. In this study, BDNF was found to be particularly increased in patients with advanced tumour stage, lymphatic metastasis, and distant metastasis, indicating a correlation with LUAD progression. We characterized the prognostic value of BDNF and defined BDNF as an unfavourable prognostic indicator through a common driver gene-independent mechanism in LUAD. Furthermore, patients with increased BDNF levels in primary LUAD might have a higher risk of developing brain metastasis (BM), and central nervous system (CNS) metastasis showed an elevated expression of BDNF compared to their matched primary lesions. Additionally, we investigated the interaction between BDNF and infiltrating immune cells in both primary lesions and paired BM using multiplex immunostaining. The results showed that BDNF might drive an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) by re-education of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward a pro-tumorigenic M2 phenotype, particularly in BM. Our findings demonstrate that BDNF serves as an independent potential prognostic marker and correlates with BM in LUAD. As it is closely related to TAM polarization, BDNF may be a promising immune-related biomarker and molecular target in patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangming Yi
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wendi Yang
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kehong Chen
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangwu Tan
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zaicheng Xu
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenzhou Yang
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Thangavel H, Lizardo K, Dhanyalayam D, De Assis S, Nagajyothi JF. Diets Differently Regulate Tumorigenesis in Young E0771 Syngeneic Breast Cancer Mouse Model. J Clin Med 2023; 12:413. [PMID: 36675341 PMCID: PMC9862441 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer type, accounting for one in eight cancer diagnoses worldwide. Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is associated with increased risk of BC in post-menopausal women, whereas adiposity reduces the risk of BC in premenopausal women. The mechanistic link between obesity and BC has been examined by combining murine BC models with high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity. However, the effect of adiposity (not obesity) induced by a short period of HFD consumption on BC pathogenesis is not well understood. In the current study, we examined the effects of different diet compositions on BC pathogenesis using a young E0771 syngeneic BC mouse model fed on either an HFD or regular diet (RD: a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet) for a short period (4 weeks) before implanting mammary tumors in mice. We analyzed the effect of diet composition on the onset of tumor growth, metastasis, and metabolic and immune status in the tumor microenvironment (TME) using various methods including in vivo bioluminescence imaging and immunoblotting analyses. We showed for the first time that a short-term HFD delays the onset of tumorigenesis by altering the immune and metabolic signaling and energy mechanism in the TME. However, RD may increase the risk of tumorigenesis and metastasis by increasing pro-inflammatory factors in the TME in young mice. Our data suggest that diet composition, adipogenesis, and loss of body fat likely regulate the pathogenesis of BC in a manner that differs between young and post-menopausal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariprasad Thangavel
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Kezia Lizardo
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Dhanya Dhanyalayam
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Sonia De Assis
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jyothi F. Nagajyothi
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
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Queen NJ, Zou X, Anderson JM, Huang W, Appana B, Komatineni S, Wevrick R, Cao L. Hypothalamic AAV-BDNF gene therapy improves metabolic function and behavior in the Magel2-null mouse model of Prader-Willi syndrome. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 27:131-148. [PMID: 36284766 PMCID: PMC9573893 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) display developmental delays, cognitive impairment, excessive hunger, obesity, and various behavioral abnormalities. Current PWS treatments are limited to strict supervision of food intake and growth hormone therapy, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) functions downstream of hypothalamic feeding circuitry and has roles in energy homeostasis and behavior. In this preclinical study, we assessed the translational potential of hypothalamic adeno-associated virus (AAV)-BDNF gene therapy as a therapeutic for metabolic dysfunction in the Magel2-null mouse model of PWS. To facilitate clinical translation, our BDNF vector included an autoregulatory element allowing for transgene titration in response to the host's physiological needs. Hypothalamic BDNF gene transfer prevented weight gain, decreased fat mass, increased lean mass, and increased relative energy expenditure in female Magel2-null mice. Moreover, BDNF gene therapy improved glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and circulating adipokine levels. Metabolic improvements were maintained through 23 weeks with no adverse behavioral effects, indicating high levels of efficacy and safety. Male Magel2-null mice also responded positively to BDNF gene therapy, displaying improved body composition, insulin sensitivity, and glucose metabolism. Together, these data suggest that regulating hypothalamic BDNF could be effective in the treatment of PWS-related metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xunchang Zou
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Anderson
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bhavya Appana
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Suraj Komatineni
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rachel Wevrick
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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6
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Crosstalk between the peripheral nervous system and breast cancer influences tumor progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188828. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Pan S, Yin K, Tang Z, Wang S, Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhu H, Han Y, Liu M, Jiang M, Xu N, Zhang G. Stimulation of hypothalamic oxytocin neurons suppresses colorectal cancer progression in mice. eLife 2021; 10:e67535. [PMID: 34528509 PMCID: PMC8536257 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the nervous system is involved in tumor development in the periphery, however, the role of the central nervous system remains largely unknown. Here, by combining genetic, chemogenetic, pharmacological, and electrophysiological approaches, we show that hypothalamic oxytocin (Oxt)-producing neurons modulate colitis-associated cancer (CAC) progression in mice. Depletion or activation of Oxt neurons could augment or suppress CAC progression. Importantly, brain treatment with celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, excites Oxt neurons and inhibits CAC progression, and this anti-tumor effect was significantly attenuated in Oxt neuron-lesioned mice. Furthermore, brain treatment with celastrol suppresses sympathetic neuronal activity in the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion (CG-SMG), and activation of β2 adrenergic receptor abolishes the anti-tumor effect of Oxt neuron activation or centrally administered celastrol. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that hypothalamic Oxt neurons regulate CAC progression by modulating the neuronal activity in the CG-SMG. Stimulation of Oxt neurons using chemicals, for example, celastrol, might be a novel strategy for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Kaili Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhiwei Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Shuren Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yirong Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yunyun Han
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Man Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Guo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Chen S, Zhao E. Development and validation of a robust epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101587. [PMID: 33662631 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential biological process of cancer progression associated with increased metastatic potential and initiation. Herein, we aimed to develop and validate a robust EMT-related prognostic signature that could predict the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Messenger RNA expression matrix and clinicopathological data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC tissues and adjacent non-tumor samples. Univariate Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to establish a prognosis signature. Kaplan-Meier survival curve, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC), multivariate Cox regression analysis, nomogram, C-index, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were performed to investigate the prognostic performance of the signature. The prognostic performance of the new signature was further validated in an independent external cohort. A support vector machine (SVM) approach was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the identified genes. RESULTS A seven-gene signature was formulated to classify patients into high-risk and low-risk groups with discrepant overall survival (OS) in two cohorts (all P < 0.0001), and the former illustrated shorter survival time than the latter even stratified by various groups. The new signature has presented an excellent performance for predicting survival prognosis. Multivariate analysis showed that the signature was an independent risk factor for HCC. The SVM classifier based on the seven genes presented an excellent diagnostic power in differentiating early HCC and normal tissues. Gene Set Enrichment Analyses (GSEA) demonstrated multiple biological processes and pathways to provide novel insights into the development of HCC. CONCLUSION We established and validated a prognostic signature based on EMT-related genes with good predictive value for HCC survival. The diagnostic performance of the signature had been demonstrated to accurately distinguish early HCC from control individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Taihe Country, Taihe, 236600, China.
| | - Enfa Zhao
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Paul D, Komarova NL. Multi-scale network targeting: A holistic systems-biology approach to cancer treatment. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 165:72-79. [PMID: 34428429 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The vulnerabilities of cancer at the cellular and, recently, with the introduction of immunotherapy, at the tissue level, have been exploited with variable success. Evaluating the cancer system vulnerabilities at the organismic level through analysis of network topology and network dynamics can potentially predict novel anti-cancer drug targets directed at the macroscopic cancer networks. Theoretical work analyzing the properties and the vulnerabilities of the multi-scale network of cancer needs to go hand-in-hand with experimental research that uncovers the biological nature of the relevant networks and reveals new targetable vulnerabilities. It is our hope that attacking cancer on different spatial scales, in a concerted integrated approach, may present opportunities for novel ways to prevent treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doru Paul
- Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Avenue 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - Natalia L Komarova
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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10
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Xiao R, Ali S, Caligiuri MA, Cao L. Enhancing Effects of Environmental Enrichment on the Functions of Natural Killer Cells in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695859. [PMID: 34394087 PMCID: PMC8355812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The environment of an organism can convey a powerful influence over its biology. Environmental enrichment (EE), as a eustress model, has been used extensively in neuroscience to study neurogenesis and brain plasticity. EE has also been used as an intervention for the treatment and prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders with limited clinical application. By contrast, the effects of EE on the immune system are relatively less investigated. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that EE can robustly impact immune function. In this review, we summarize the major components of EE, the impact of EE on natural killer (NK) cells, EE's immunoprotective roles in cancer, and the underlying mechanisms of EE-induced NK cell regulation. Moreover, we discuss opportunities for translational application based on insights from animal research of EE-induced NK cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Seemaab Ali
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center and the Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, United States
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11
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Berry A, Collacchi B, Capoccia S, D'Urso MT, Cecchetti S, Raggi C, Sestili P, Aricò E, Pontecorvi G, Puglisi R, Ortona E, Cirulli F. Chronic Isolation Stress Affects Central Neuroendocrine Signaling Leading to a Metabolically Active Microenvironment in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:660738. [PMID: 34305544 PMCID: PMC8298821 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.660738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Social isolation is a powerful stressor capable of affecting brain plasticity and function. In the case of breast cancer, previous data indicate that stressful experiences may contribute to a worse prognosis, activating neuroendocrine and metabolism pathways, although the mechanisms underlying these effects are still poorly understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic isolation stress (IS) may boost hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity, leading to changes in the hypothalamic expression of genes modulating both mood and metabolism in an animal model of breast cancer. This centrally activated signaling cascade would, in turn, affect the mammary gland microenvironment specifically targeting fat metabolism, leading to accelerated tumor onset. MMTVNeuTg female mice (a model of breast cancer developing mammary hyperplasia at 5 months of age) were either group-housed (GH) or subjected to IS from weaning until 5 months of age. At this time, half of these subjects underwent acute restraint stress to assess corticosterone (CORT) levels, while the remaining subjects were characterized for their emotional profile in the forced swimming and saccharin preference tests. At the end of the procedures, all the mice were sacrificed to assess hypothalamic expression levels of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), Neuropeptide Y (NpY), Agouti-Related Peptide (AgRP), and Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Protein Kinase 1 (SgK1). Leptin and adiponectin expression levels, as well as the presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT), were assessed in mammary fat pads. The IS mice showed higher CORT levels following acute stress and decreased expression of NpY, AgRP, and SgK1, associated with greater behavioral despair in the forced swimming test. Furthermore, they were characterized by increased consumption of saccharin in a preference test, suggesting an enhanced hedonic profile. The IS mice also showed an earlier onset of breast lumps (assessed by palpation) accompanied by elevated levels of adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) and BAT in the mammary fat pads. Overall, these data point to IS as a pervasive stressor that is able to specifically target neuronal circuits, mastered by the hypothalamus, modulating mood, stress reactivity and energy homeostasis. The activation of such IS-driven machinery may hold main implications for the onset and maintenance of pro-tumorigenic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Berry
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Collacchi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Capoccia
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa D'Urso
- Animal Research and Welfare Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Cecchetti
- Microscopy Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Raggi
- National Centre for the Control and the Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Sestili
- National Centre for the Control and the Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Aricò
- FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Pontecorvi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Puglisi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ortona
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Bergin SM, Xiao R, Huang W, Judd CRT, Liu X, Mansour AG, Queen N, Widstrom KJ, Caligiuri MA, Cao L. Environmental activation of a hypothalamic BDNF-adipocyte IL-15 axis regulates adipose-natural killer cells. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 95:477-488. [PMID: 33989745 PMCID: PMC8493653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical and social environments influence immune homeostasis within adipose tissue, yet the mechanisms remain poorly defined. We report that an enriched environment (EE) housing modulates the immune cell population in white adipose tissue of mice including an increase in the abundance of natural killer (NK) cells. EE upregulates the expression of IL-15 and its receptor IL-15Rα specifically within mature adipocytes. Mechanistically, we show that hypothalamic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) upregulates IL-15 production in adipocytes via sympathetic β-adrenergic signaling. Overexpressing BDNF mediated by recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector in the hypothalamus expands adipose NK cells. Conversely, inhibition of hypothalamic BDNF signaling via gene transfer of a dominant negative TrkB receptor suppresses adipose NK cells. In white adipose tissue, overexpression of IL-15 using an adipocyte-specific rAAV vector stimulates adipose NK cells and inhibits the progression of subcutaneous melanoma, whereas local IL-15 knockdown blocks the EE effect. These results suggest that bio-behavioral factors regulate adipose NK cells via a hypothalamic BDNF-sympathoneural-adipocyte IL-15 axis. Targeting this pathway may have therapeutic significance for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Bergin
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Run Xiao
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - C Ryan T Judd
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Xianglan Liu
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Anthony G Mansour
- Department of Hematological Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, United States
| | - Nicholas Queen
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Kyle J Widstrom
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Department of Hematological Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, United States.
| | - Lei Cao
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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13
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Mansour AG, Xiao R, Bergin SM, Huang W, Chrislip LA, Zhang J, Ali S, Queen NJ, Caligiuri MA, Cao L. Enriched environment enhances NK cell maturation through hypothalamic BDNF in male mice. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:557-566. [PMID: 33169371 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macroenvironmental factors, including a patient's physical and social environment, play a role in cancer risk and progression. Our previous preclinical studies have shown that the enriched environment (EE) confers anti-obesity and anti-cancer phenotypes that are associated with enhanced adaptive immunity and are mediated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Natural killer (NK) cells have anti-cancer and anti-viral properties, and their absence or depletion is associated with inferior clinical outcomes. In this study, we investigated the effects of EE on NK cell maturation following their depletion. Mice living in EE displayed a higher proportion of NK cells in the spleen, bone marrow, and blood, compared to those living in the standard environment (SE). EE enhanced NK cell maturation in the spleen and was associated with upregulation of BDNF expression in the hypothalamus. Hypothalamic BDNF overexpression reproduced the EE effects on NK cell maturation in secondary lymphoid tissues. Conversely, hypothalamic BDNF knockdown blocked the EE modulation on NK cell maturation. Our results demonstrate that a bio-behavior intervention enhanced NK cell maturation and was mediated at least in part by hypothalamic BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G Mansour
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center and the Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Run Xiao
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Stephen M Bergin
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Logan A Chrislip
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center and the Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Seemaab Ali
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas J Queen
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center and the Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Cao L, Ali S, Queen NJ. Hypothalamic gene transfer of BDNF promotes healthy aging. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 115:39-66. [PMID: 33706955 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aging process and age-related diseases all involve metabolic decline and impaired ability to cope with adversity. Environmental enrichment (EE)-a housing environment which recapitulates aspects of active lifestyle-exerts a wide range of health benefits in laboratory rodents. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hypothalamus orchestrates autonomic and neuroendocrine processes, serving as one key brain mediator of EE-induced resistance to obesity, cancer, and autoimmunity. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated hypothalamic BDNF gene transfer alleviates obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndromes in both diet-induced and genetic models. One recent study by our lab demonstrates the efficacy and safety of a built-in autoregulatory system to control transgene BDNF expression, mimicking the body's natural feedback systems in middle-age mice. Twelve-month old mice were treated with autoregulatory BDNF vector and monitored for 7months. BDNF gene transfer prevented age-associated metabolic decline by: reducing adiposity, preventing the decline of brown fat activity, increasing adiponectin while reducing leptin and insulin in circulation, improving glucose tolerance, increasing energy expenditure, alleviating hepatic steatosis, and suppressing inflammatory genes in the hypothalamus and adipose tissues. Furthermore, BDNF treatment reduced anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors. This chapter summarizes this work and discusses potential roles that hypothalamic BDNF might play in promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Seemaab Ali
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicholas J Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Serum Cytokine Profiles of Melanoma Patients and Their Association with Tumor Progression and Metastasis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6610769. [PMID: 33574842 PMCID: PMC7861916 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6610769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have shown that melanoma cells produce excessive levels of cytokines, which have various biological roles during melanoma development. The aim of this study was to expand the profile of serum cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and angiogenic factors that are associated with melanoma, to find more cytokines with abnormal concentrations in melanoma patients, to identify whether the level of cytokines correlated with prognostic variants, such as Breslow thickness and BRAF mutation, and, finally, to find out the cytokines that play important roles during melanoma development. Materials and Methods Multiplex immunobead assay technology and 45-plex immunoassays ProcartaPlex™ kits were used to simultaneously compare the levels of cytokines, growth factors, angiogenic factors, and chemokines between the serum of healthy patients (n = 30) and those with melanoma (n = 72). Data were analyzed according to the clinical characteristics of the designated patient subgroups. Results Compared to the control group, melanoma patients had higher levels of VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, IL-1RA, PIGF-1, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MIP-1α, and SCF, but lower levels of BDNF, SDF-1α, MCP-1, Eotaxin, EGF, and IL-7. Furthermore, the levels of TNF-α (P=0.320, r = 0.019), IFN-γ (P=0.311, r = 0.023), VEGF-A (P=0.014, r = 0.337), and BDNF (0.004, r = -0.391) showed a significant correlation with Breslow thickness. IL-7 was of lower levels in patients harboring BRAF mutants. Melanoma patients with high levels of MIP-1α and MCP-1 showed the poorest overall survival. Conclusions We found that the levels of VEGF-A and PDGF-BB in the serum of both primary and metastatic melanoma patients are elevated. TNF-α, IFN-γ, and VEGF-A presented a positive correlation with Breslow thickness, whereas BDNF showed a negative association. MIP-1α and MCP-1 correlated negatively with survival. In addition, lower levels of IL-7 were found in patients harboring BRAF mutants. These findings indicate that these cytokines may play critical roles in the progression of melanoma.
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Li Y, Jiang Q, Wang L. Appetite Regulation of TLR4-Induced Inflammatory Signaling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:777997. [PMID: 34899611 PMCID: PMC8664591 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.777997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Appetite is the basis for obtaining food and maintaining normal metabolism. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important receptor expressed in the brain that induces inflammatory signaling after activation. Inflammation is considered to affect the homeostatic and non-homeostatic systems of appetite, which are dominated by hypothalamic and mesolimbic dopamine signaling. Although the pathological features of many types of inflammation are known, their physiological functions in appetite are largely unknown. This review mainly addresses several key issues, including the structures of the homeostatic and non-homeostatic systems. In addition, the mechanism by which TLR4-induced inflammatory signaling contributes to these two systems to regulate appetite is also discussed. This review will provide potential opportunities to develop new therapeutic interventions that control appetite under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Wang, ; Qingyan Jiang,
| | - Lina Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Wang, ; Qingyan Jiang,
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Adipose PTEN acts as a downstream mediator of a brain-fat axis in environmental enrichment. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2020; 4. [PMID: 35355831 PMCID: PMC8963210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2020.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives Environmental enrichment (EE) is a physiological model to investigate brain-fat interactions. We previously discovered that EE activates the hypothalamic-sympathoneural adipocyte (HSA) axis via induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), thus leading to sympathetic stimulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) and an anti-obesity phenotype. Here, we investigate whether PTEN acts as a downstream mediator of the HSA axis in the EE. Methods Mice were housed in EE for 4- and 16-week periods to determine how EE regulates adipose PTEN. Hypothalamic injections of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors expressing BDNF and a dominant negative form of its receptor were performed to assess the role of the HSA axis in adipose PTEN upregulation. A β-blocker, propranolol, and a denervation agent, 6-hydroydopamine, were administered to assess sympathetic signaling in the observed EE-PTEN phenotype. To determine whether inducing PTEN is sufficient to reproduce certain EE adipose remodeling, we overexpressed PTEN in WAT using an AAV vector. To determine whether adipose PTEN is necessary for the EE-mediated reduction in adipocyte size, we injected a rAAV vector expressing Cre recombinase to the WAT of adult PTENflox mice and placed the mice in EE. Results EE upregulated adipose PTEN expression, which was associated with suppression of AKT and ERK phosphorylation, increased hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylation, and reduced adiposity. PTEN regulation was found to be controlled by the HSA axis—with the hypothalamic BDNF acting as the upstream mediator—and dependent on sympathetic innervation. AAV-mediated adipose PTEN overexpression recapitulated EE-mediated adipose changes including suppression of AKT and ERK phosphorylation, increased HSL phosphorylation, and reduced adipose mass, whereas PTEN knockdown blocked the EE-induced reduction of adipocyte size. Conclusions These data suggest that adipose PTEN responds to environmental stimuli and serves as downstream mediator of WAT remodeling in the EE paradigm, resulting in decreased adipose mass and decreased adipocyte size. Environmental enrichment (EE) induces adipose PTEN expression and is associated with (1) suppression of AKT phosphorylation, (2) increased hormone-sensitive lipase phosphorylation, and (3) decreased adiposity The hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte (HSA) axis mediates EE-induced adipose PTEN rAAV-mediated gene delivery of PTEN to adipose tissues mimics EE-related adipose remodeling Knockdown of adipose PTEN blocks EE-induced reductions in adipocyte size
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Le Naour A, Rossary A, Vasson MP. EO771, is it a well-characterized cell line for mouse mammary cancer model? Limit and uncertainty. Cancer Med 2020; 9:8074-8085. [PMID: 33026171 PMCID: PMC7643677 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among mouse mammary tumor models, syngeneic cell lines present an advantage for the study of immune response. However, few of these models are well characterized. The tumor line EO771 is derived from spontaneous breast cancer of C57BL/6 mice. These cells are widely used but are referenced under different names: EO771, EO 771, and E0771. The characteristics of the EO771 cells are well described but some data are contradictory. This cell line presents the great interest of developing an immunocompetent neoplastic model using an orthotopic implantation reflecting the mammary tumors encountered in breast cancer patients. This review presents the phenotype characteristics of EO771 and its sensitivity to nutrients and different therapies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Le Naour
- UMR 1019 Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN team, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adrien Rossary
- UMR 1019 Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN team, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- UMR 1019 Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN team, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Nutrition, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, Jean Perrin Cancer Centre, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Hassan QN, Queen NJ, Cao L. Regulation of aging and cancer by enhanced environmental activation of a hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte axis. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:5687-5699. [PMID: 33134111 PMCID: PMC7595574 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2020.02.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Social and environmental factors impact cancer and energy balance profoundly. Years ago, our lab established the existence of a novel brain-fat interaction we termed the "hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte (HSA) axis", through which complex environmental stimuli provided by an enriched environment regulate body composition, energy balance, and development of cancer. We have spent a significant portion of the past decade to further characterize the broad health benefits of an enriched environment (for example, leanness, enhanced immune function, and cancer resistance), and to identify mediators in the brain and periphery along the HSA axis. This review summarizes our recent work regarding the interface between endocrinology, immunology, cancer biology, aging, and neuroscience. We will discuss the interplay between these systemic phenomena and how the HSA axis can be targeted for regulation of cancer and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quais N. Hassan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Queen NJ, Hassan QN, Cao L. Improvements to Healthspan Through Environmental Enrichment and Lifestyle Interventions: Where Are We Now? Front Neurosci 2020; 14:605. [PMID: 32655354 PMCID: PMC7325954 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) is an experimental paradigm that is used to explore how a complex, stimulating environment can impact overall health. In laboratory animal experiments, EE housing conditions typically include larger-than-standard cages, abundant bedding, running wheels, mazes, toys, and shelters which are rearranged regularly to further increase stimulation. EE has been shown to improve multiple aspects of health, including but not limited to metabolism, learning and cognition, anxiety and depression, and immunocompetence. Recent advances in lifespan have led some researchers to consider aging as a risk factor for disease. As such, there is a pressing need to understand the processes by which healthspan can be increased. The natural and predictable changes during aging can be reversed or decreased through EE and its underlying mechanisms. Here, we review the use of EE in laboratory animals to understand mechanisms involved in aging, and comment on relative areas of strength and weakness in the current literature. We additionally address current efforts toward applying EE-like lifestyle interventions to human health to extend healthspan. Although increasing lifespan is a clear goal of medical research, improving the quality of this added time also deserves significant attention. Despite hurdles in translating experimental results toward clinical application, we argue there is great potential in using features of EE toward improving human healthy life expectancy or healthspan, especially in the context of increased global longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Quais N. Hassan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Ali S, Mansour AG, Huang W, Queen NJ, Mo X, Anderson JM, Hassan II QN, Patel RS, Wilkins RK, Caligiuri MA, Cao L. CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 and environmental enrichment additively improve metabolic outcomes in middle-aged female mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2101-2122. [PMID: 32007953 PMCID: PMC7041757 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
As the elderly population grows, chronic metabolic dysfunction including obesity and diabetes are becoming increasingly common comorbidities. Hypothalamic inflammation through CNS resident microglia serves as a common pathway between developing obesity and developing systemic aging pathologies. Despite understanding aging as a life-long process involving interactions between individuals and their environment, limited studies address the dynamics of environment interactions with aging or aging therapeutics. We previously demonstrated environmental enrichment (EE) is an effective model for studying improved metabolic health and overall healthspan in mice, which acts through a brain-fat axis. Here we investigated the CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 (PLX), which depletes microglia, and its effects on metabolic decline in aging in interaction with EE. PLX in combination with EE substantially improved metabolic outcomes in middle-aged female mice over PLX or EE alone. Chronic PLX treatment depleted 75% of microglia from the hypothalamus and reduced markers of inflammation without affecting brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels induced by EE. Adipose tissue remodeling and adipose tissue macrophage modulation were observed in response to CSF1R inhibition, which may contribute to the combined benefits seen in EE with PLX. Our study suggests benefits exist from combined drug and lifestyle interventions in aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemaab Ali
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anthony G. Mansour
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Hematological Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center and the Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Anderson
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Quais N. Hassan II
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ripal S. Patel
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ryan K. Wilkins
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- Department of Hematological Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center and the Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Ye J, Xie W, Zuo Y, Jing G, Tong J. MicroRNA-496 suppresses tumor cell proliferation by targeting BDNF in osteosarcoma. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1425-1431. [PMID: 32010318 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are integrally involved in biological and pathobiological development. Many studies have demonstrated the abnormal expression of microRNA-496 (miR-496) in various human malignant tumors. The present study was designed to investigate the functions and the underlying mechanisms of miR-496 in osteosarcoma (OS) progression. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression of miR-496 in OS tissues and cell lines. Luciferase activity was used to confirm the interaction between miR-496 and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a downstream gene of miR-496. RT-qPCR was also used to quantify BDNF mRNA expression, and the BDNF protein expression level was detected by western blot analysis. In addition, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect cell viability. The results revealed that the level of miR-496 expression was significantly reduced in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. BDNF was verified to be a direct target gene of miR-496 and was found to be negatively regulated by miR-496. Overall, it was demonstrated that miR-496 inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation via inhibition of BDNF. Thus, the miR-496/BDNF axis may be a novel strategy for the clinical treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Hubei 672 Orthopedics Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Hubei 672 Orthopedics Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhou Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Hubei 672 Orthopedics Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Guangwu Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan Affiliated to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, P.R. China
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan Affiliated to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, P.R. China
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23
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Yin H, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Ge H, Yang Z. The inhibition of BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/Akt signal mediated by AG1601 promotes apoptosis in malignant glioma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18771-18781. [PMID: 31219215 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor and has a poor survival rate. Even if extensive methods are preformed to treat glioma, the mortality rate is still very high. It is necessary for discovering and developing new drugs for malignant glioma treatment. AG1601 is one of AG-series drugs, including AG1031 and AG1503, and it has been optimized on the original basis. In our study, we found that AG1601 markedly inhibited proliferation and promoted C6 glioma cell apoptosis in vitro. AG1601 also reduced the size and weight of glioma in vivo. The growth ability of glioma was significantly inhibited after treatment with AG1601. It also showed that the expression levels of BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/Akt signal related proteins were obviously decreased in C6 glioma cells after treatment with AG1601 in vivo and in vitro. We also found that BDNF, as the activator of BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/Akt signal, reversed the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis of C6 glioma cells caused by AG1601. K252a, a specific inhibitor of TrkB, and AG1601 in combination aggravated C6 glioma cell apoptosis. These results indicate that AG1601 has good effects on the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis of malignant glioma via BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/Akt signal and could be considered as a potential drug in treating malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Yin
- Medical School, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Medical School, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinguo Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Ge
- Division of drug discovery, AscentGene Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Medical School, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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24
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Foglesong GD, Queen NJ, Huang W, Widstrom KJ, Cao L. Enriched environment inhibits breast cancer progression in obese models with intact leptin signaling. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:483-495. [PMID: 30856610 PMCID: PMC6717689 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is becoming a global epidemic and is a risk factor for breast cancer. Environmental enrichment (EE), a model recapitulating an active lifestyle, leads to leanness, resistance to diet-induced obesity (DIO) and cancer. One mechanism is the activation of the hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte (HSA) axis. This results in the release of norepinephrine onto adipose tissue inducing a drop of leptin. This study aimed to test the effects of EE on breast cancer onset and progression while considering the effect of leptin by utilizing the transgenic MMTV-PyMT model as well as several models of varied leptin signaling. EE was highly effective at reducing weight gain, regardless of the presence of leptin. However, the effects of EE on tumor progression were dependent on leptin signaling. EE decreased leptin and reduced mammary tumor growth rate in MMTV-PyMT spontaneous and DIO transplantation models; in contrast, the absence of leptin in ob/ob mice resulted in increased tumor growth likely due to elevated norepinephrine levels. Our results suggest that the microenvironment is critical in breast tumorigenesis and that the drop in leptin is an important peripheral mediator of the EE anti-breast cancer effects, offsetting the potential pro-tumorigenic effects of norepinephrine responding to a complex environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant D Foglesong
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas J Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kyle J Widstrom
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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25
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Ali S, Liu X, Queen NJ, Patel RS, Wilkins R, Mo X, Cao L. Long-term environmental enrichment affects microglial morphology in middle age mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:2388-2402. [PMID: 31039130 PMCID: PMC6519992 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with increased central nervous system inflammation, in large part due to dysfunctional microglia. Environmental enrichment (EE) provides a model for studying the dynamics of lifestyle factors in the development of age-related neuroinflammation and microglial dysfunction. EE results in improvements in learning and memory, metabolism, and mental health in a variety of animal models. We recently reported that implementing EE in middle age promotes healthy aging. In the present study, we investigated whether EE influences microglial morphology, and whether EE is associated with changes in expression of microglial and neuroinflammatory markers. Inflammatory cytokines and MHC-II were reduced following 12-month EE in 10-month-old mice. Long-term EE for 7.5 months resulted in broad increases in Iba1 expression in hippocampus, hypothalamus, and amygdala detected by immunohistochemistry. Quantification of microglial morphology reveal both hypertrophy and ramification in these three brain regions, without increases in microglial cell density. These data indicate that long-term EE implemented in middle age results in a microglial state distinct from that of normal aging in standard laboratory housing, in specific brain regions, associated with reduced neuroinflammatory markers and improvement of systemic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemaab Ali
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xianglan Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ripal S. Patel
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ryan K. Wilkins
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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26
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Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its naturally occurring antisense in breast cancer samples. Meta Gene 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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27
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Meng L, Liu B, Ji R, Jiang X, Yan X, Xin Y. Targeting the BDNF/TrkB pathway for the treatment of tumors. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:2031-2039. [PMID: 30675270 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a family of growth factors that regulate neural survival, development, function and plasticity in the central and the peripheral nervous system. There are four neurotrophins: nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and NT-4. Among them, BDNF is the most studied due to its high expression in the brain. Over the past two decades, BDNF and its receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) have been reported to be upregulated in a wide range of tumors. This activated signal stimulates a series of downstream pathways, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, Ras-Raf-mitogen activated protein kinase kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinases, the phospholipase-C-γ pathway and the transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor. Activation of these signaling pathways induces oncogenic effects by increasing cancer cell growth, proliferation, survival, migration and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and decreasing anoikis, relapse and chemotherapeutic sensitivity. The present review summarizes recent findings to discuss the role of BDNF in tumors, the underlying molecular mechanism, targeting Trk receptors for treatment of cancers and its potential risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbin Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
| | - Baoqiong Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Biology, Valencia College, Orlando, FL 32825, USA
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xuebo Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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28
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McMurphy T, Huang W, Queen NJ, Ali S, Widstrom KJ, Liu X, Xiao R, Siu JJ, Cao L. Implementation of environmental enrichment after middle age promotes healthy aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:1698-1721. [PMID: 30036185 PMCID: PMC6075449 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With increases in life expectancy, it is vital to understand the dynamics of aging, their interaction with lifestyle factors, and the connections to age-related disease processes. Our work on environmental enrichment (EE), a housing environment boosting mental health, has revealed a novel anticancer and anti-obesity phenotype mediated by a brain-fat axis: the hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte (HSA) axis in young animals. Here we investigated EE effects on healthspan and lifespan when initiated after middle age. Short-term EE for six weeks activated the HSA axis in 10-month-old mice. Long-term EE for twelve months reduced adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, decreased leptin levels, enhanced motor abilities, and inhibited anxiety. In addition to adipose remodeling, EE decreased age-related liver steatosis, reduced hepatic glucose production, and increased glucose uptake by liver and adipose tissue contributing to the improved glycemic control. The EE-induced liver modulation was associated with a suppression of protein kinase Cε. Moreover, EE down-regulated the expression of inflammatory genes in the brain, adipose, and liver. EE initiated at 18-month of age significantly improved glycemic control and showed a trend of positive impact on mean lifespan. These data suggest that EE induces metabolic and behavioral adaptations that are shared by factors known to increase healthspan and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis McMurphy
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Nicholas J. Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Seemaab Ali
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kyle J. Widstrom
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xianglan Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Run Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jason J. Siu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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29
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Zhai L, Li Y, Lan X, Ai L. MicroRNA-10a-5p suppresses cancer proliferation and division in human cervical cancer by targeting BDNF. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:6147-6151. [PMID: 29285171 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of microRNA (miR)-10a-5p in human cervical cancer. The expression level of miR-10-5p in cervical cancer lines was assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In cervical cancer HeLa and SiHa cells, miR-10-5p was ectopically overexpressed by lentiviral transduction. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was then overexpressed in HeLa and SiHa cells to evaluate its selective effect on miR-10-5p in cervical cancer modulation. The targeting of miR-10-5p on its downstream gene, BDNF, was evaluated using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Cervical cancer cell viability and cell cycle was evaluated using an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results indicated that miR-10-5p expression was significantly lower in cervical cancer cell lines compared with normal cells (P<0.05). Ectopic overexpression of miR-10-5p significantly inhibited cancer cell viability and induced cell cycle arrest in HeLa and SiHa cells (both P<0.05). miR-10-5p overexpression significantly reduced BDNF gene expression (P<0.05) and also reduced BDNF protein levels in cervical cancer cells compared with the control. In conclusion, the current study indicated that miR-10-5p is a cervical cancer suppressor, which regulates BDNF expression in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liancheng Zhai
- Laboratory Department, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Li
- Laboratory Department, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xinzhi Lan
- Laboratory Department, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ai
- Laboratory Department, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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30
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Chen J, Ding J, Wang Z, Zhu J, Wang X, Du J. Identification of downstream metastasis-associated target genes regulated by LSD1 in colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19609-19630. [PMID: 28121627 PMCID: PMC5386709 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to identify downstream target genes regulated by lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in colon cancer cells and investigate the molecular mechanisms of LSD1 influencing invasion and metastasis of colon cancer. Method We obtained the expression changes of downstream target genes regulated by small-interfering RNA-LSD1 and LSD1-overexpression via gene expression profiling in two human colon cancer cell lines. An Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We screened out LSD1-target gene associated with proliferation, metastasis, and invasion from DEGs via Gene Ontology and Pathway Studio. Subsequently, four key genes (CABYR, FOXF2, TLE4, and CDH1) were computationally predicted as metastasis-related LSD1-target genes. ChIp-PCR was applied after RT-PCR and Western blot validations to detect the occupancy of LSD1-target gene promoter-bound LSD1. Result A total of 3633 DEGs were significantly upregulated, and 4642 DEGs were downregulated in LSD1-silenced SW620 cells. A total of 4047 DEGs and 4240 DEGs were upregulated and downregulated in LSD1-overexpressed HT-29 cells, respectively. RT-PCR and Western blot validated the microarray analysis results. ChIP assay results demonstrated that LSD1 might be negative regulators for target genes CABYR and CDH1. The expression level of LSD1 is negatively correlated with mono- and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine4(H3K4) at LSD1- target gene promoter region. No significant mono-methylation and dimethylation of H3 lysine9 methylation was detected at the promoter region of CABYR and CDH1. Conclusion LSD1- depletion contributed to the upregulation of CABYR and CDH1 through enhancing the dimethylation of H3K4 at the LSD1-target genes promoter. LSD1- overexpression mediated the downregulation of CABYR and CDH1expression through decreasing the mono- and dimethylation of H3K4 at LSD1-target gene promoter in colon cancer cells. CABYR and CDH1 might be potential LSD1-target genes in colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Mini-invasive Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Guizhou Aviation Industry Group, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuejian Wang
- Department of Mini-invasive Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Guizhou Aviation Industry Group, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiyi Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
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31
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Tajbakhsh A, Mokhtari-Zaer A, Rezaee M, Afzaljavan F, Rivandi M, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Pasdar A, Avan A. Therapeutic Potentials of BDNF/TrkB in Breast Cancer; Current Status and Perspectives. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:2502-2515. [PMID: 28230291 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potent neurotrophic factor that has been shown to stimulate breast cancer cell growth and metastasis via tyrosine kinase receptors TrkA, TrkB, and the p75NTR death receptor. The aberrant activation of BDNF/TrkB pathways can modulate several signaling pathways, including Akt/PI3K, Jak/STAT, NF-kB, UPAR/UPA, Wnt/β-catenin, and VEGF pathways as well as the ER receptor. Several microRNAs have been identified that are involved in the modulation of BDNF/TrkB pathways. These include miR-206, miR-204, MiR-200a/c, MiR-210, MiR-134, and MiR-191; and these may be of value as prognostic and predictive biomarkers for detecting patients at high risk of developing breast cancer. It has been also been demonstrated that a high expression of genes involved in the BDNF pathway in breast cancer is associated with poor clinical outcome and reduced survival of patients. Several approaches have been developed for targeting this pathway, for example TKr inhibitors (AZD6918, CEP-701) and RNA interference. The aim of the current review was to provide an overview of the role of BDNF/TrkB pathways in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and its value as a potential therapeutic target. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2502-2515, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Mokhtari-Zaer
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Afzaljavan
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rivandi
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.,Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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32
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Foglesong GD, Huang W, Liu X, Slater AM, Siu J, Yildiz V, Salton SRJ, Cao L. Role of Hypothalamic VGF in Energy Balance and Metabolic Adaption to Environmental Enrichment in Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:983-96. [PMID: 26730934 PMCID: PMC4769365 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE), a housing condition providing complex physical, social, and cognitive stimulation, leads to improved metabolic health and resistance to diet-induced obesity and cancer. One underlying mechanism is the activation of the hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte axis with hypothalamic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as the key mediator. VGF, a peptide precursor particularly abundant in the hypothalamus, was up-regulated by EE. Overexpressing BDNF or acute injection of BDNF protein to the hypothalamus up-regulated VGF, whereas suppressing BDNF signaling down-regulated VGF expression. Moreover, hypothalamic VGF expression was regulated by leptin, melanocortin receptor agonist, and food deprivation mostly paralleled to BDNF expression. Recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer of Cre recombinase to floxed VGF mice specifically decreased VGF expression in the hypothalamus. In contrast to the lean and hypermetabolic phenotype of homozygous germline VGF knockout mice, specific knockdown of hypothalamic VGF in male adult mice led to increased adiposity, decreased core body temperature, reduced energy expenditure, and impaired glucose tolerance, as well as disturbance of molecular features of brown and white adipose tissues without effects on food intake. However, VGF knockdown failed to block the EE-induced BDNF up-regulation or decrease of adiposity indicating a minor role of VGF in the hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte axis. Taken together, our results suggest hypothalamic VGF responds to environmental demands and plays an important role in energy balance and glycemic control likely acting in the melanocortin pathway downstream of BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant D Foglesong
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
| | - Xianglan Liu
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
| | - Andrew M Slater
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
| | - Jason Siu
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
| | - Vedat Yildiz
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
| | - Stephen R J Salton
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; The Comprehensive Cancer Center (G.D.F., W.H., X.L., A.M.S., J.S., L.C.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and The Center for Biostatistics (V.Y.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; and Department of Neuroscience (S.R.J.S.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10461
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MicroRNA-15a-5p suppresses cancer proliferation and division in human hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting BDNF. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:5821-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Delort L, Rossary A, Farges MC, Vasson MP, Caldefie-Chézet F. Leptin, adipocytes and breast cancer: Focus on inflammation and anti-tumor immunity. Life Sci 2015; 140:37-48. [PMID: 25957709 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
More than one million new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed worldwide each year and more than 400,000 deaths are caused by the disease. The origin of this pathology is multifactorial and involved genetic, hormonal, environmental and nutritional factors including obesity in postmenopausal women. The role played by the adipose tissue and their secretions, ie adipokines, is beginning to be recognized. Plasma adipokine levels, which are modulated during obesity, could have “remote” effects on mammary carcinogenesis. Breast cancer cells are surrounded and locally influenced by an adipocyte microenvironment, which is probably more extensive in obese people. Hence, leptin appears to be strongly involved in mammary carcinogenesis and may contribute to the local pro-inflammatory mechanisms, especially in obese patients, who have increased metastatic potential and greater risk of mortality. This review presents the multifaceted role of leptin in breast cancer development and the different molecular pathways involved such as inflammation, oxidative stress and antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Delort
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adrien Rossary
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Chantal Farges
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Jean-Perrin, CHU Gabriel-Montpied, Unité de Nutrition, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Caldefie-Chézet
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, ECREIN, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Lin EJD, Sun M, Choi E, Magee D, Stets C, During MJ. Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 51:318-30. [PMID: 25462904 PMCID: PMC4273577 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Stress is a widely recognized risk factor for psychiatric and metabolic disorders. A number of animal models utilizing various stressors have been developed to facilitate our understanding in the pathophysiology of stress-related dysfunctions. The most commonly used chronic stress paradigms include the unpredictable chronic mild stress paradigm, the social defeat paradigm and the social deprivation paradigm. Here we assess the potential of social crowding as an alternative chronic stress model to study the effects on affective behaviors and metabolic disturbances. Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were housed in groups of four (control) or eight (social crowding; SC) in standard cage for 9 weeks. Exploration, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors were assessed in the open field test, the elevated T-maze, the novelty-suppressed feeding test and the forced swim test. SC mice exhibited a modest anxiety-like phenotype without change in depressive-like behaviors. Nine weeks of social crowding did not affect the body weight, but robustly increased adiposity as determined by increased mass of fat depots. Consistent with the increased fat content, serum leptin was markedly elevated in the SC mice. Specific changes in gene expression were also observed in the hypothalamus and the white adipose tissue following SC housing. Our study demonstrates the potential of social crowding as an alternative model for the study of stress-related metabolic and behavioral dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Ju D Lin
- Cancer Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 912 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Meng Sun
- Cancer Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Eugene Choi
- Cancer Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel Magee
- Cancer Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Colin Stets
- Cancer Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew J During
- Cancer Genetics and Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA,Functional Genomics and Translational Neuroscience Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Pimentel GD, Ganeshan K, Carvalheira JBC. Hypothalamic inflammation and the central nervous system control of energy homeostasis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 397:15-22. [PMID: 24952114 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The control of energy homeostasis relies on robust neuronal circuits that regulate food intake and energy expenditure. Although the physiology of these circuits is well understood, the molecular and cellular response of this program to chronic diseases is still largely unclear. Hypothalamic inflammation has emerged as a major driver of energy homeostasis dysfunction in both obesity and anorexia. Importantly, this inflammation disrupts the action of metabolic signals promoting anabolism or supporting catabolism. In this review, we address the evidence that favors hypothalamic inflammation as a factor that resets energy homeostasis in pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo D Pimentel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kirthana Ganeshan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158-9001, United States
| | - José B C Carvalheira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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