1
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Cutler B, Haesemeyer M. Vertebrate behavioral thermoregulation: knowledge and future directions. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:033409. [PMID: 38769950 PMCID: PMC11105118 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.3.033409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Thermoregulation is critical for survival across species. In animals, the nervous system detects external and internal temperatures, integrates this information with internal states, and ultimately forms a decision on appropriate thermoregulatory actions. Recent work has identified critical molecules and sensory and motor pathways controlling thermoregulation. However, especially with regard to behavioral thermoregulation, many open questions remain. Here, we aim to both summarize the current state of research, the "knowledge," as well as what in our mind is still largely missing, the "future directions." Given the host of circuit entry points that have been discovered, we specifically see that the time is ripe for a neuro-computational perspective on thermoregulation. Such a perspective is largely lacking but is increasingly fueled and made possible by the development of advanced tools and modeling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Cutler
- Graduate program in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Columbus, Ohio, United States
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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2
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McCampbell M, Spencer M, Hart K, Link G, Watson A, McCleery R. Mammalian lures monitored with time-lapse cameras increase detection of pythons and other snakes. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17577. [PMID: 38938602 PMCID: PMC11210459 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Enhancing detection of cryptic snakes is critical for the development of conservation and management strategies; yet, finding methods that provide adequate detection remains challenging. Issues with detecting snakes can be particularly problematic for some species, like the invasive Burmese python (Python bivittatus) in the Florida Everglades. Methods Using multiple survey methods, we predicted that our ability to detect pythons, larger snakes and all other snakes would be enhanced with the use of live mammalian lures (domesticated rabbits; Oryctolagus cuniculus). Specifically, we used visual surveys, python detection dogs, and time-lapse game cameras to determine if domesticated rabbits were an effective lure. Results Time-lapse game cameras detected almost 40 times more snakes (n = 375, treatment = 245, control = 130) than visual surveys (n = 10). We recorded 21 independent detections of pythons at treatment pens (with lures) and one detection at a control pen (without lures). In addition, we found larger snakes, and all other snakes were 165% and 74% more likely to be detected at treatment pens compared to control pens, respectively. Time-lapse cameras detected almost 40 times more snakes than visual surveys; we did not detect any pythons with python detection dogs. Conclusions Our study presents compelling evidence that the detection of snakes is improved by coupling live mammalian lures with time-lapse game cameras. Although the identification of smaller snake species was limited, this was due to pixel resolution, which could be improved by changing the camera focal length. For larger snakes with individually distinctive patterns, this method could potentially be used to identify unique individuals and thus allow researchers to estimate population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina McCampbell
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - McKayla Spencer
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kristen Hart
- Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Gabrielle Link
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Andrew Watson
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Robert McCleery
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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3
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Schibler U. Steven A. Brown and the synchronization of circadian rhythms by body temperature cycles. Eur J Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38837456 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian timing system has a hierarchical architecture, with a central pacemaker located in the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus orchestrating rhythms in behaviour and physiology. In cooperation with environmental cycles, it synchronizes the phases of peripheral oscillators operating in most cells of the body. Even cells kept in tissue culture harbour self-sustained and cell-autonomous circadian clocks that keep ticking throughout their lifespan. The master pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus is synchronized primarily by light-dark cycles, whereas peripheral oscillators are phase entrained by a multitude of systemic signalling pathways. These include pathways depending on feeding-fasting cycles, cellular actin polymerization dynamics, endocrine rhythms and, surprisingly, body temperature oscillations. Using tissue culture and murine models, Steve Brown was the first one to demonstrate that shallow rhythms of mammalian body temperature are timing cues (zeitgebers) for peripheral circadian clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ueli Schibler
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sciences III, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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4
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Silva FM, Guerra-Fuentes RA, Blackburn DC, Prudente ALC. Embryonic development of the neotropical pit viper Bothrops atrox (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae), with emphasis on pit organ morphogenesis and its evolution in snakes. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:606-623. [PMID: 38157161 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bothrops atrox is a pit viper with a loreal pit organ, and its embryological development remains undescribed. Here, we provide a comprehensive description of the embryology of B. atrox, focusing on the loreal pit organ and cephalic scales. RESULTS We characterized 13 developmental stages of B. atrox based on external features consistent with the embryogenesis of previously described snake species. The loreal pit organ originates from the circumorbital region and migrates to its final position. In Crotalinae, the pit organ first becomes visible at stage 28, whereas in Pythonidae labial, pit organs appear at Stage 35. Pit organs evolved independently three times in Serpentes, encompassing Boidae, Pythonidae, and Crotalinae. Boidae lacks embryological information for pit organs. Furthermore, we observed that head scalation onset occurs at Stage 33 in B. atrox, with fusion of scales surrounding the loreal pit organ. CONCLUSIONS The embryology of pit organs in Pythonidae and Boidae species remains poorly understood. Our detailed embryological descriptions are critical for proposing developmental scenarios for pit organs and guiding future research on these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Magalhães Silva
- Laboratório de Herpetologia, Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Arturo Guerra-Fuentes
- Faculdade de Ciências Naturais, Campus Universitário do Tocantins-Cametá, Universidade Federal do Pará, Cametá, Brazil
| | - David C Blackburn
- Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ana L Costa Prudente
- Laboratório de Herpetologia, Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil
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5
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Bohn L, Huang J, Weidig S, Yang Z, Heidersberger C, Genty B, Falter-Braun P, Christmann A, Grill E. The temperature sensor TWA1 is required for thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. Nature 2024; 629:1126-1132. [PMID: 38750356 PMCID: PMC11136664 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Plants exposed to incidences of excessive temperatures activate heat-stress responses to cope with the physiological challenge and stimulate long-term acclimation1,2. The mechanism that senses cellular temperature for inducing thermotolerance is still unclear3. Here we show that TWA1 is a temperature-sensing transcriptional co-regulator that is needed for basal and acquired thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. At elevated temperatures, TWA1 changes its conformation and allows physical interaction with JASMONATE-ASSOCIATED MYC-LIKE (JAM) transcription factors and TOPLESS (TPL) and TOPLESS-RELATED (TPR) proteins for repressor complex assembly. TWA1 is a predicted intrinsically disordered protein that has a key thermosensory role functioning through an amino-terminal highly variable region. At elevated temperatures, TWA1 accumulates in nuclear subdomains, and physical interactions with JAM2 and TPL appear to be restricted to these nuclear subdomains. The transcriptional upregulation of the heat shock transcription factor A2 (HSFA2) and heat shock proteins depended on TWA1, and TWA1 orthologues provided different temperature thresholds, consistent with the sensor function in early signalling of heat stress. The identification of the plant thermosensors offers a molecular tool for adjusting thermal acclimation responses of crops by breeding and biotechnology, and a sensitive temperature switch for thermogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bohn
- Chair of Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Jin Huang
- Chair of Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
- Chengdu Newsun Crop Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Susan Weidig
- Chair of Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Chair of Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Christoph Heidersberger
- Chair of Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Bernard Genty
- Aix-Marseille University, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Pascal Falter-Braun
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center (MTTC), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
- Microbe-Host Interactions, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Christmann
- Chair of Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany.
| | - Erwin Grill
- Chair of Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany.
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Liénard MA, Baez-Nieto D, Tsai CC, Valencia-Montoya WA, Werin B, Johanson U, Lassance JM, Pan JQ, Yu N, Pierce NE. TRPA5 encodes a thermosensitive ankyrin ion channel receptor in a triatomine insect. iScience 2024; 27:109541. [PMID: 38577108 PMCID: PMC10993193 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
As ectotherms, insects need heat-sensitive receptors to monitor environmental temperatures and facilitate thermoregulation. We show that TRPA5, a class of ankyrin transient receptor potential (TRP) channels absent in dipteran genomes, may function as insect heat receptors. In the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus (order: Hemiptera), a vector of Chagas disease, the channel RpTRPA5B displays a uniquely high thermosensitivity, with biophysical determinants including a large channel activation enthalpy change (72 kcal/mol), a high temperature coefficient (Q10 = 25), and in vitro temperature-induced currents from 53°C to 68°C (T0.5 = 58.6°C), similar to noxious TRPV receptors in mammals. Monomeric and tetrameric ion channel structure predictions show reliable parallels with fruit fly dTRPA1, with structural uniqueness in ankyrin repeat domains, the channel selectivity filter, and potential TRP functional modulator regions. Overall, the finding of a member of TRPA5 as a temperature-activated receptor illustrates the diversity of insect molecular heat detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie A. Liénard
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David Baez-Nieto
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wendy A. Valencia-Montoya
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Balder Werin
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Urban Johanson
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jean-Marc Lassance
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Neuroethology, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jen Q. Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Naomi E. Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Yu H, Song L, Duan X, Zhu D, Li N, Pan R, Xu R, Yu X, Ye F, Jiang X, Ye H, Pan Z, Wei S, Jiang Z. Optogenetics in taste research: A decade of enlightenment. Oral Dis 2024; 30:903-913. [PMID: 36620868 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrophysiological function of the tongue involves complicated activities in taste sense, producing the perceptions of salty, sweet, bitter, and sour. However, therapies and prevention of taste loss arising from dysfunction in electrophysiological activity require further fundamental research. Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience and brought the study of sensory system to a higher level in taste. The year 2022 marks a decade of developments of optogenetics in taste since this technology was adopted from neuroscience and applied to the taste research. This review summarizes a decade of advances that define near-term translation with optogenetic tools, and newly-discovered mechanisms with the applications of these tools. The main limitations and opportunities for optogenetics in taste research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanshu Yu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Song
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyao Duan
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Cancer Centre of Zhejiang University, Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Cancer Centre of Zhejiang University, Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Runxin Pan
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinying Yu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengkai Ye
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinrui Jiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Ye
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zikang Pan
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sixing Wei
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Cancer Centre of Zhejiang University, Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Cai W, Zhang W, Zheng Q, Hor CC, Pan T, Fatima M, Dong X, Duan B, Xu XZS. The kainate receptor GluK2 mediates cold sensing in mice. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:679-688. [PMID: 38467901 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Thermosensors expressed in peripheral somatosensory neurons sense a wide range of environmental temperatures. While thermosensors detecting cool, warm and hot temperatures have all been extensively characterized, little is known about those sensing cold temperatures. Though several candidate cold sensors have been proposed, none has been demonstrated to mediate cold sensing in somatosensory neurons in vivo, leaving a knowledge gap in thermosensation. Here we characterized mice lacking the kainate-type glutamate receptor GluK2, a mammalian homolog of the Caenorhabditis elegans cold sensor GLR-3. While GluK2 knockout mice respond normally to heat and mechanical stimuli, they exhibit a specific deficit in sensing cold but not cool temperatures. Further analysis supports a key role for GluK2 in sensing cold temperatures in somatosensory DRG neurons in the periphery. Our results reveal that GluK2-a glutamate-sensing chemoreceptor mediating synaptic transmission in the central nervous system-is co-opted as a cold-sensing thermoreceptor in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cai
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Qin Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chia Chun Hor
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tong Pan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mahar Fatima
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bo Duan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - X Z Shawn Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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9
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Hamacher C, Degen R, Franke M, Switacz VK, Fleck D, Katreddi RR, Hernandez-Clavijo A, Strauch M, Horio N, Hachgenei E, Spehr J, Liberles SD, Merhof D, Forni PE, Zimmer-Bensch G, Ben-Shaul Y, Spehr M. A revised conceptual framework for mouse vomeronasal pumping and stimulus sampling. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1206-1221.e6. [PMID: 38320553 PMCID: PMC10965388 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The physiological performance of any sensory organ is determined by its anatomy and physical properties. Consequently, complex sensory structures with elaborate features have evolved to optimize stimulus detection. Understanding these structures and their physical nature forms the basis for mechanistic insights into sensory function. Despite its crucial role as a sensor for pheromones and other behaviorally instructive chemical cues, the vomeronasal organ (VNO) remains a poorly characterized mammalian sensory structure. Fundamental principles of its physico-mechanical function, including basic aspects of stimulus sampling, remain poorly explored. Here, we revisit the classical vasomotor pump hypothesis of vomeronasal stimulus uptake. Using advanced anatomical, histological, and physiological methods, we demonstrate that large parts of the lateral mouse VNO are composed of smooth muscle. Vomeronasal smooth muscle tissue comprises two subsets of fibers with distinct topography, structure, excitation-contraction coupling, and, ultimately, contractile properties. Specifically, contractions of a large population of noradrenaline-sensitive cells mediate both transverse and longitudinal lumen expansion, whereas cholinergic stimulation targets an adluminal group of smooth muscle fibers. The latter run parallel to the VNO's rostro-caudal axis and are ideally situated to mediate antagonistic longitudinal constriction of the lumen. This newly discovered arrangement implies a novel mode of function. Single-cell transcriptomics and pharmacological profiling reveal the receptor subtypes involved. Finally, 2D/3D tomography provides non-invasive insight into the intact VNO's anatomy and mechanics, enables measurement of luminal fluid volume, and allows an assessment of relative volume change upon noradrenergic stimulation. Together, we propose a revised conceptual framework for mouse vomeronasal pumping and, thus, stimulus sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hamacher
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Degen
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Melissa Franke
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Victoria K Switacz
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - David Fleck
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Raghu Ram Katreddi
- Department of Biological Sciences, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Andres Hernandez-Clavijo
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Strauch
- Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nao Horio
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Enno Hachgenei
- Department of Production Metrology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephen D Liberles
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dorit Merhof
- Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paolo E Forni
- Department of Biological Sciences, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Geraldine Zimmer-Bensch
- Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Neuroepigenetics, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yoram Ben-Shaul
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Marc Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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10
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Liu GY, Jouandin P, Bahng RE, Perrimon N, Sabatini DM. An evolutionary mechanism to assimilate new nutrient sensors into the mTORC1 pathway. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2517. [PMID: 38514639 PMCID: PMC10957897 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46680-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals sense and respond to nutrient availability in their environments, a task coordinated in part by the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. mTORC1 regulates growth in response to nutrients and, in mammals, senses specific amino acids through specialized sensors that bind the GATOR1/2 signaling hub. Given that animals can occupy diverse niches, we hypothesized that the pathway might evolve distinct sensors in different metazoan phyla. Whether such customization occurs, and how the mTORC1 pathway might capture new inputs, is unknown. Here, we identify the Drosophila melanogaster protein Unmet expectations (CG11596) as a species-restricted methionine sensor that directly binds the fly GATOR2 complex in a fashion antagonized by S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). We find that in Dipterans GATOR2 rapidly evolved the capacity to bind Unmet and to thereby repurpose a previously independent methyltransferase as a SAM sensor. Thus, the modular architecture of the mTORC1 pathway allows it to co-opt preexisting enzymes to expand its nutrient sensing capabilities, revealing a mechanism for conferring evolvability on an otherwise conserved system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y Liu
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Patrick Jouandin
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194-UM-ICM, Campus Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Raymond E Bahng
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - David M Sabatini
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo n. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Prague, Czech Republic.
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11
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Li F, Lin X, Xue H, Wang J, Li J, Fei T, Liu S, Zhou T, Zhao H, Zhang T. Ultrasensitive Flexible Temperature Sensors Based on Thermal-Mediated Ions Migration Dynamics in Asymmetrical Polymer Bilayers. ACS NANO 2024; 18:7521-7531. [PMID: 38420965 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Accurately acquiring crucial data on the ambient surroundings and physiological processes delivered via subtle temperature fluctuation is vital for advancing artificial intelligence and personal healthcare techniques but is still challenging. Here, we introduce an electrically induced cation injection mechanism based on thermal-mediated ion migration dynamics in an asymmetrical polymer bilayer (APB) composed of nonionic polymer and polyelectrolyte layers, enabling the development of ultrasensitive flexible temperature sensors. The resulting optimized sensor achieves ultrahigh sensitivity, with a thermal index surpassing 10,000 K-1, which allows identifying temperature differences as small as 10 mK with a sensitivity that exceeds 1.5 mK. The mechanism also enables APB sensors to possess good insensitivity to various mechanical deformations─features essential for practical applications. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the potential impact of APB sensors in various conceptual applications, such as mental tension evaluation, biomimetic thermal tactile, and thermal radiation detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiuzhu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hua Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Teng Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Sen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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12
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Hemingson CR, Cowman PF, Bellwood DR. Analysing biological colour patterns from digital images: An introduction to the current toolbox. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11045. [PMID: 38500859 PMCID: PMC10945235 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the numerous roles that colouration serves in the natural world has remained a central focus in many evolutionary and ecological studies. However, to accurately characterise and then compare colours or patterns among individuals or species has been historically challenging. In recent years, there have been a myriad of new resources developed that allow researchers to characterise biological colours and patterns, specifically from digital imagery. However, each resource has its own strengths and weaknesses, answers a specific question and requires a detailed understanding of how it functions to be used properly. These nuances can make navigating this emerging field rather difficult. Herein, we evaluate several new techniques for analysing biological colouration, with a specific focus on digital images. First, we introduce fundamental background knowledge about light and perception to be considered when designing and implementing a study of colouration. We then show how numerous modifications can be made to images to ensure consistent formatting prior to analysis. After, we describe many of the new image analysis approaches and their respective functions, highlighting the type of research questions that they can address. We demonstrate how these various techniques can be brought together to examine novel research questions and test specific hypotheses. Finally, we outline potential future directions in colour pattern studies. Our goal is to provide a starting point and pathway for researchers wanting to study biological colour patterns from digital imagery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Hemingson
- The Research Hub for Coral Reef Ecosystem FunctionsJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
- College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - Peter F. Cowman
- Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum TropicsTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - David R. Bellwood
- The Research Hub for Coral Reef Ecosystem FunctionsJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
- College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
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13
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Pang X, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Xiang D, Ge X, Wu H, Jiang Y, Liu Z, Liu X, Liu C, Hu W, Zhou P. Non-volatile rippled-assisted optoelectronic array for all-day motion detection and recognition. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1613. [PMID: 38383735 PMCID: PMC10881999 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46050-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In-sensor processing has the potential to reduce the energy consumption and hardware complexity of motion detection and recognition. However, the state-of-the-art all-in-one array integration technologies with simultaneous broadband spectrum image capture (sensory), image memory (storage) and image processing (computation) functions are still insufficient. Here, macroscale (2 × 2 mm2) integration of a rippled-assisted optoelectronic array (18 × 18 pixels) for all-day motion detection and recognition. The rippled-assisted optoelectronic array exhibits remarkable uniformity in the memory window, optically stimulated non-volatile positive and negative photoconductance. Importantly, the array achieves an extensive optical storage dynamic range exceeding 106, and exceptionally high room-temperature mobility up to 406.7 cm2 V-1 s-1, four times higher than the International Roadmap for Device and Systems 2028 target. Additionally, the spectral range of each rippled-assisted optoelectronic processor covers visible to near-infrared (405 nm-940 nm), achieving function of motion detection and recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China.
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yuyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhenhan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Du Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chip and System, Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, 200232, China.
| | - Xun Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Haoqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yongbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zizheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaoxian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chunsen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chip and System, Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weida Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chip and System, Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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14
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Graf IR, Machta BB. A bifurcation integrates information from many noisy ion channels and allows for milli-Kelvin thermal sensitivity in the snake pit organ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2308215121. [PMID: 38294944 PMCID: PMC10861916 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308215121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In various biological systems, information from many noisy molecular receptors must be integrated into a collective response. A striking example is the thermal imaging organ of pit vipers. Single nerve fibers in the organ reliably respond to milli-Kelvin (mK) temperature increases, a thousand times more sensitive than their molecular sensors, thermo-transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels. Here, we propose a mechanism for the integration of this molecular information. In our model, amplification arises due to proximity to a dynamical bifurcation, separating a regime with frequent and regular action potentials (APs), from a regime where APs are irregular and infrequent. Near the transition, AP frequency can have an extremely sharp dependence on temperature, naturally accounting for the thousand-fold amplification. Furthermore, close to the bifurcation, most of the information about temperature available in the TRP channels' kinetics can be read out from the times between consecutive APs even in the presence of readout noise. A key model prediction is that the coefficient of variation in the distribution of interspike times decreases with AP frequency, and quantitative comparison with experiments indeed suggests that nerve fibers of snakes are located very close to the bifurcation. While proximity to such bifurcation points typically requires fine-tuning of parameters, we propose that having feedback act from the order parameter (AP frequency) onto the control parameter robustly maintains the system in the vicinity of the bifurcation. This robustness suggests that similar feedback mechanisms might be found in other sensory systems which also need to detect tiny signals in a varying environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin B. Machta
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
- Quantitative Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
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15
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YAMAGUCHI T, UCHIDA K, YAMAZAKI J. Canine, mouse, and human transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels show different sensitivity to menthol or cold stimulation. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:1301-1309. [PMID: 37821377 PMCID: PMC10788164 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a nonselective cation channel that is activated by a variety of stimuli and acts as a nociceptor. Mouse and human TRPA1 exhibit different reactivity to some stimuli, including chemicals such as menthol as well as cold stimuli. The cold sensitivity of TRPA1 in mammalian species is controversial. Here, we analyzed the reactivity of heterologously expressed canine TRPA1 as well as the mouse and human orthologs to menthol or cold stimulation in Ca2+-imaging experiments. Canine and human TRPA1 exhibited a similar response to menthol, that is, activation in a concentration-dependent manner, even at the high concentration range in contrast to the mouse ortholog, which did not respond to high concentration of menthol. In addition, the response during the removal of menthol was different; mouse TRPA1-expressing cells exhibited a typical response with a rapid and clear increase in [Ca2+]i ("off-response"), whereas [Ca2+]i in human TRPA1-expressing cells was dramatically decreased by the washout of menthol and [Ca2+]i in canine TRPA1-expressing cells was slightly decreased. Finally, canine TRPA1 as well as mouse and human TRPA1 were activated by cold stimulation (below 19-20°C). The sensitivity to cold stimulation differed between these species, that is, human TRPA1 activated at higher temperatures compared with the canine and mouse orthologs. All of the above responses were suppressed by the selective TRPA1 inhibitor HC-030031. Because the concentration-dependency and "off-response" of menthol as well as the cold sensitivity were not uniform among these species, studies of canine TRPA1 might be useful for understanding the species-specific functional properties of mammalian TRPA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya YAMAGUCHI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of
Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa,
Japan
| | - Kunitoshi UCHIDA
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology, Department of
Environmental and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of
Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Jun YAMAZAKI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of
Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa,
Japan
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16
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Patil MJ, Kim SH, Bahia PK, Nair SS, Darcey TS, Fiallo J, Zhu XX, Frisina RD, Hadley SH, Taylor-Clark TE. A Novel Flp Reporter Mouse Shows That TRPA1 Expression Is Largely Limited to Sensory Neuron Subsets. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0350-23.2023. [PMID: 37989590 PMCID: PMC10698635 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0350-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal cation channel that is activated by electrophilic irritants, oxidative stress, cold temperature, and GPCR signaling. TRPA1 expression has been primarily identified in subsets of nociceptive sensory afferents and is considered a target for future analgesics. Nevertheless, TRPA1 has been implicated in other cell types including keratinocytes, epithelium, enterochromaffin cells, endothelium, astrocytes, and CNS neurons. Here, we developed a knock-in mouse that expresses the recombinase FlpO in TRPA1-expressing cells. We crossed the TRPA1Flp mouse with the R26ai65f mouse that expresses tdTomato in a Flp-sensitive manner. We found tdTomato expression correlated well with TRPA1 mRNA expression and sensitivity to TRPA1 agonists in subsets of TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor type 1)-expressing neurons in the vagal ganglia and dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), although tdTomato expression efficiency was limited in DRG. We observed tdTomato-expressing afferent fibers centrally (in the medulla and spinal cord) and peripherally in the esophagus, gut, airways, bladder, and skin. Furthermore, chemogenetic activation of TRPA1-expressing nerves in the paw evoked flinching behavior. tdTomato expression was very limited in other cell types. We found tdTomato in subepithelial cells in the gut mucosa but not in enterochromaffin cells. tdTomato was also observed in supporting cells within the cochlea, but not in hair cells. Lastly, tdTomato was occasionally observed in neurons in the somatomotor cortex and the piriform area, but not in astrocytes or vascular endothelium. Thus, this novel mouse strain may be useful for mapping and manipulating TRPA1-expressing cells and deciphering the role of TRPA1 in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur J Patil
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Seol-Hee Kim
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Parmvir K Bahia
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Sanjay S Nair
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Teresa S Darcey
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Jailene Fiallo
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Xiao Xia Zhu
- Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620
| | - Stephen H Hadley
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Thomas E Taylor-Clark
- Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
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17
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Mackiewicz J, Lisek M, Boczek T. Targeting CaN/NFAT in Alzheimer's brain degeneration. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1281882. [PMID: 38077352 PMCID: PMC10701682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions. While the exact causes of this debilitating disorder remain elusive, numerous investigations have characterized its two core pathologies: the presence of β-amyloid plaques and tau tangles. Additionally, multiple studies of postmortem brain tissue, as well as results from AD preclinical models, have consistently demonstrated the presence of a sustained inflammatory response. As the persistent immune response is associated with neurodegeneration, it became clear that it may also exacerbate other AD pathologies, providing a link between the initial deposition of β-amyloid plaques and the later development of neurofibrillary tangles. Initially discovered in T cells, the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is one of the main transcription factors driving the expression of inflammatory genes and thus regulating immune responses. NFAT-dependent production of inflammatory mediators is controlled by Ca2+-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), which dephosphorylates NFAT and promotes its transcriptional activity. A substantial body of evidence has demonstrated that aberrant CaN/NFAT signaling is linked to several pathologies observed in AD, including neuronal apoptosis, synaptic deficits, and glia activation. In view of this, the role of NFAT isoforms in AD has been linked to disease progression at different stages, some of which are paralleled to diminished cognitive status. The use of classical inhibitors of CaN/NFAT signaling, such as tacrolimus or cyclosporine, or adeno-associated viruses to specifically inhibit astrocytic NFAT activation, has alleviated some symptoms of AD by diminishing β-amyloid neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. In this article, we discuss the recent findings related to the contribution of CaN/NFAT signaling to the progression of AD and highlight the possible benefits of targeting this pathway in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomasz Boczek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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18
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Mugo A, Chou R, Chin F, Liu B, Jiang QX, Qin F. A suicidal mechanism for the exquisite temperature sensitivity of TRPV1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300305120. [PMID: 37639609 PMCID: PMC10483596 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300305120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The vanilloid receptor TRPV1 is an exquisite nociceptive sensor of noxious heat, but its temperature-sensing mechanism is yet to define. Thermodynamics dictate that this channel must undergo an unusually energetic allosteric transition. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to measure directly the energetics of this transition in order to properly decipher its temperature-sensing mechanism. Previously, using submillisecond temperature jumps and patch-clamp recording, we estimated that the heat activation for TRPV1 opening incurs an enthalpy change on the order of 100 kcal/mol. Although this energy is on a scale unparalleled by other known biological receptors, the generally imperfect allosteric coupling in proteins implies that the actual amount of heat uptake driving the TRPV1 transition could be much larger. In this paper, we apply differential scanning calorimetry to directly monitor the heat flow in TRPV1 that accompanies its temperature-induced conformational transition. Our measurements show that heat invokes robust, complex thermal transitions in TRPV1 that include both channel opening and a partial protein unfolding transition and that these two processes are inherently coupled. Our findings support that irreversible protein unfolding, which is generally thought to be destructive to physiological function, is essential to TRPV1 thermal transduction and, possibly, to other strongly temperature-dependent processes in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mugo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY14214
| | - Ryan Chou
- Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC27708
| | - Felix Chin
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Beiying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY14214
| | - Qiu-Xing Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY14214
- Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY14203
| | - Feng Qin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY14214
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19
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Jesus RLC, Araujo FA, Alves QL, Dourado KC, Silva DF. Targeting temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in hypertension: far beyond the perception of hot and cold. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1351-1370. [PMID: 37334542 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are nonselective cation channels and participate in various physiological roles. Thus, changes in TRP channel function or expression have been linked to several disorders. Among the many TRP channel subtypes, the TRP ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1), TRP melastatin type 8 (TRPM8), and TRP vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels are temperature-sensitive and recognized as thermo-TRPs, which are expressed in the primary afferent nerve. Thermal stimuli are converted into neuronal activity. Several studies have described the expression of TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV1 in the cardiovascular system, where these channels can modulate physiological and pathological conditions, including hypertension. This review provides a complete understanding of the functional role of the opposing thermo-receptors TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1 in hypertension and a more comprehensive appreciation of TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1-dependent mechanisms involved in hypertension. These channels varied activation and inactivation have revealed a signaling pathway that may lead to innovative future treatment options for hypertension and correlated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Leonne C Jesus
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Fênix A Araujo
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Quiara L Alves
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Keina C Dourado
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Darizy F Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Bahia, Brazil
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20
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Punetha S, Vuppu S. The sustainable conversion of floral waste into natural snake repellent and docking studies for antiophidic activity. Toxicon 2023; 233:107254. [PMID: 37597788 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Snakes play an important role as predators, prey, ecosystem regulators and in advancing the human economy and pharmaceutical industries by producing venom-based medications such as anti-serums and anti-venoms. On the other hand, snakebites are responsible for over 120,000 annual fatalities; due to snakebites people lose their lives and suffer from diseases such as snake envenoming, epilepsy, and symptoms such as punctures, swelling, haemorrhage, bruising, blistering, and inflammation. Moreover, there are several challenges associated with different interventions for managing snakebites. Therefore, finding a natural way of repelling snakes without harming them will save lives and decrease the disease's symptoms. Usually, snakes are exacerbated by noxious odours and shrill sounds. There are various strategies to repel snakes, including chemical, natural, and electronic repellents being the most prevalent. Chemical snake repellents such as mothballs, sulphur powder, and cayenne pepper act as a barrier; natural snake repellents produce a pungent and foul smell, while electronic repellents generate high-frequency ultrasonic waves to repel snakes. On the other hand, anti-serums are available commercially to prevent the adverse effects of snakebite, which are species-specific, expensive, have inadequate pharmacology and impaired interaction with the immune system. Similarly, there are monovalent or polyvalent anti-serums used for the production of anti-venom depending on the snake species and the number of snakebites occurred in that area, e.g., Soro antibotropicocrotalico contains specific antibodies for Pit vipers and rattlesnakes, and Antielapidico targets coral snakes. The purpose of this review is to investigate natural, effective, and inexpensive snake-repellent from Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) floral waste, which can be mixed with natural products such as vinegar, citronella, cinnamon, garlic, cedar, and clove and allowed for bacterial degradation which will lead to the release of several gases during floral waste degradation, including ammonia, sulphur, manganese, selenium, and gallic acid due to bacterial growth like Proteus, Bacillus, Streptococcus, etc. We assumed to convert these gases into liquid form using Linde's technique which may repel snakes. Further, molecular docking studies were performed on snake venom toxins (Phospholipase A2 (PDB-1MG6), Protein Cytotoxin II (PDB-1CB9), α-Dendrotoxins (PDB-1DTX), Neurotoxin from cobra venom (PDB-1CTX) and Cardiotoxin III (PDB-2CRS). Phytocompounds of Vellore degraded floral waste from GC-MS analysis (Tetracosane, 12, Oleanen-3-yl Acetate, (3-Alpha), Eicosane-7-Hexyl, Octadecane,3-Ethyl-5(2-Ethyl Butyl), Nonadecane,4-Methyl, Hexatriacontane and Nonacosane) were used as a ligand to determine their binding affinity with venom proteins and may be assumed to be used as an antidote for snakebite. Finally, we analysed that 12-oleanen-3yl acetate,3-α (CID-45044112) a triterpenoid showing a maximum binding affinity with all snake venom proteins (-13.8k/cal) with Phospholipase A2 (PLA2), Cardiotoxin-II (-8.2k/cal), Dendrotoxin (-12.1 k/cal), Cardiotoxin-III (-8.2 kcal/mol) and alpha-Neurotoxin (-11.0 kcal/mol), which may have potential to counteract the adverse effects caused by snakebites, however, in-vitro and in-vivo studies still challenging tasks for our further analysis. Overall, we propose an innovative method for the sustainable conversion of floral waste into snake repellent, as well as molecular docking studies were performed with phytocompounds and snake venom proteins for antiophidic activity, which can be experimentally investigated further to confirm its use as anti-venom for snakebites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Punetha
- Vellore Institute of Technology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suneetha Vuppu
- Vellore Institute of Technology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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21
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Melanson CA, Lamarre SG, Currie S. Social experience influences thermal sensitivity: lessons from an amphibious mangrove fish. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb245656. [PMID: 37470196 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the factors affecting the capacity of ectothermic fishes to cope with warming temperature is critical given predicted climate change scenarios. We know that a fish's social environment introduces plasticity in how it responds to high temperature. However, the magnitude of this plasticity and the mechanisms underlying socially modulated thermal responses are unknown. Using the amphibious hermaphroditic mangrove rivulus fish Kryptolebias marmoratus as a model, we tested three hypotheses: (1) social stimulation affects physiological and behavioural thermal responses of isogenic lineages of fish; (2) social experience and acute social stimulation result in distinct physiological and behavioural responses; and (3) a desensitization of thermal receptors is responsible for socially modulated thermal responses. To test the first two hypotheses, we measured the temperature at which fish emerged from the water (i.e. pejus temperature) upon acute warming with socially naive isolated fish and with fish that were raised alone and then given a short social experience prior to exposure to increasing temperature (i.e. socially experienced fish). Our results did not support our first hypothesis as fish socially stimulated by mirrors during warming (i.e. acute social stimulation) emerged at similar temperatures to isolated fish. However, in support of our second hypothesis, a short period of prior social experience resulted in fish emerging at a higher temperature than socially naive fish suggesting an increase in pejus temperature with social experience. To test our third hypothesis, we exposed fish that had been allowed a brief social interaction and naive fish to capsaicin, an agonist of TRPV1 thermal receptors. Socially experienced fish emerged at significantly higher capsaicin concentrations than socially naive fish suggesting a desensitization of their TRPV1 thermal receptors. Collectively, our data indicate that past and present social experiences impact the behavioural response of fish to high temperature. We also provide novel data suggesting that brief periods of social experience affect the capacity of fish to perceive warm temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé A Melanson
- Département de biologie, Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Simon G Lamarre
- Département de biologie, Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Suzanne Currie
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R6, Canada
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22
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Peng C, Wu DD, Ren JL, Peng ZL, Ma Z, Wu W, Lv Y, Wang Z, Deng C, Jiang K, Parkinson CL, Qi Y, Zhang ZY, Li JT. Large-scale snake genome analyses provide insights into vertebrate development. Cell 2023; 186:2959-2976.e22. [PMID: 37339633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Snakes are a remarkable squamate lineage with unique morphological adaptations, especially those related to the evolution of vertebrate skeletons, organs, and sensory systems. To clarify the genetic underpinnings of snake phenotypes, we assembled and analyzed 14 de novo genomes from 12 snake families. We also investigated the genetic basis of the morphological characteristics of snakes using functional experiments. We identified genes, regulatory elements, and structural variations that have potentially contributed to the evolution of limb loss, an elongated body plan, asymmetrical lungs, sensory systems, and digestive adaptations in snakes. We identified some of the genes and regulatory elements that might have shaped the evolution of vision, the skeletal system and diet in blind snakes, and thermoreception in infrared-sensitive snakes. Our study provides insights into the evolution and development of snakes and vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Jin-Long Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhifei Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunyun Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China; College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan 641100, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cao Deng
- Departments of Bioinformatics, DNA Stories Bioinformatics Center, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China
| | | | - Yin Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China
| | - Jia-Tang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610040, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar.
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23
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Laursen WJ, Tang R, Garrity PA. Hunting with heat: thermosensory-driven foraging in mosquitoes, snakes and beetles. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb229658. [PMID: 37382467 PMCID: PMC10323236 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.229658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Animals commonly use thermosensation, the detection of temperature and its variation, for defensive purposes: to maintain appropriate body temperature and to avoid tissue damage. However, some animals also use thermosensation to go on the offensive: to hunt for food. The emergence of heat-dependent foraging behavior has been accompanied by the evolution of diverse thermosensory organs of often exquisite thermosensitivity. These organs detect the heat energy emitted from food sources that range from nearby humans to trees burning in a forest kilometers away. Here, we examine the biophysical considerations, anatomical specializations and molecular mechanisms that underlie heat-driven foraging. We focus on three groups of animals that each meet the challenge of detecting heat from potential food sources in different ways: (1) disease-spreading vector mosquitoes, which seek blood meals from warm-bodied hosts at close range, using warming-inhibited thermosensory neurons responsive to conductive and convective heat flow; (2) snakes (vipers, pythons and boas), which seek warm-blooded prey from ten or more centimeters away, using warmth-activated thermosensory neurons housed in an organ specialized to harvest infrared radiation; and (3) fire beetles, which maximize their offspring's feeding opportunities by seeking forest fires from kilometers away, using mechanosensory neurons housed in an organ specialized to convert infrared radiation into mechanosensory stimuli. These examples highlight the diverse ways in which animals exploit the heat emanating from potential food sources, whether this heat reflects ongoing metabolic activity or a recent lightning strike, to secure a nutritious meal for themselves or for their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem J. Laursen
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Ruocong Tang
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Paul A. Garrity
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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24
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Liu GY, Jouandin P, Bahng RE, Perrimon N, Sabatini DM. An evolutionary mechanism to assimilate new nutrient sensors into the mTORC1 pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.25.541239. [PMID: 37292894 PMCID: PMC10245982 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.541239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Animals must sense and respond to nutrient availability in their local niche. This task is coordinated in part by the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway, which regulates growth and metabolism in response to nutrients1-5. In mammals, mTORC1 senses specific amino acids through specialized sensors that act through the upstream GATOR1/2 signaling hub6-8. To reconcile the conserved architecture of the mTORC1 pathway with the diversity of environments that animals can occupy, we hypothesized that the pathway might maintain plasticity by evolving distinct nutrient sensors in different metazoan phyla1,9,10. Whether such customization occurs-and how the mTORC1 pathway might capture new nutrient inputs-is not known. Here, we identify the Drosophila melanogaster protein Unmet expectations (Unmet, formerly CG11596) as a species-restricted nutrient sensor and trace its incorporation into the mTORC1 pathway. Upon methionine starvation, Unmet binds to the fly GATOR2 complex to inhibit dTORC1. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a proxy for methionine availability, directly relieves this inhibition. Unmet expression is elevated in the ovary, a methionine-sensitive niche11, and flies lacking Unmet fail to maintain the integrity of the female germline under methionine restriction. By monitoring the evolutionary history of the Unmet-GATOR2 interaction, we show that the GATOR2 complex evolved rapidly in Dipterans to recruit and repurpose an independent methyltransferase as a SAM sensor. Thus, the modular architecture of the mTORC1 pathway allows it to co-opt preexisting enzymes and expand its nutrient sensing capabilities, revealing a mechanism for conferring evolvability on an otherwise highly conserved system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y. Liu
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology; 455 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology; 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Patrick Jouandin
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Present address: Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194-UM-ICM; Campus Val d’Aurelle, F-34298 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Raymond E. Bahng
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology; 455 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology; 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
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25
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Hori S, Tateyama M, Shirai T, Kubo Y, Saitoh O. Two single-point mutations in Ankyrin Repeat one drastically change the threshold temperature of TRPV1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2415. [PMID: 37169739 PMCID: PMC10175561 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPV1 plays an important role in the thermosensory system; however, the mechanism controlling its heat activation property is not well understood. Here, we determine the heat activation properties of TRPV1 cloned from tailed amphibians, which prefer cooler environments, finding the threshold temperatures were approximately 10 °C lower compared with rat TRPV1 (rTRPV1). We find that two amino acid residues (Gln, Leu/Val) in the Ankyrin Repeat 1 (ANK1) region of the N-terminal domain are conserved among tailed amphibians and different from those (Arg, Lys) in rTRPV1. We observe the activation by heat in all urodelan TRPV1s is markedly elevated by substitution of these two amino acids. Conversely, reciprocal substitutions of rTRPV1 apparently lowers the high threshold temperature. Our studies demonstrate that tailed amphibians express TRPV1 with a reduced heat-activation threshold by substitution of two amino acid residues in the ANK1 region that likely contribute to cool-habitat selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Hori
- Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Michihiro Tateyama
- Division of Biophysics and Neurobiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shirai
- Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kubo
- Division of Biophysics and Neurobiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Osamu Saitoh
- Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.
- Genome Editing Research Institute, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.
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26
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An S, Shi B, Jiang M, Fu B, Song C, Tao P, Shang W, Deng T. Biological and Bioinspired Thermal Energy Regulation and Utilization. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37162476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The regulation and utilization of thermal energy is increasingly important in modern society due to the growing demand for heating and cooling in applications ranging from buildings, to cooling high power electronics, and from personal thermal management to the pursuit of renewable thermal energy technologies. Over billions of years of natural selection, biological organisms have evolved unique mechanisms and delicate structures for efficient and intelligent regulation and utilization of thermal energy. These structures also provide inspiration for developing advanced thermal engineering materials and systems with extraordinary performance. In this review, we summarize research progress in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, including thermal regulation through insulation, radiative cooling, evaporative cooling and camouflage, and conversion and utilization of thermal energy from solar thermal radiation and biological bodies for vapor/electricity generation, temperature/infrared sensing, and communication. Emphasis is placed on introducing bioinspired principles, identifying key bioinspired structures, revealing structure-property-function relationships, and discussing promising and implementable bioinspired strategies. We also present perspectives on current challenges and outlook for future research directions. We anticipate that this review will stimulate further in-depth research in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, and help accelerate the growth of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun An
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Boning Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Modi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Benwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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27
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Wang X, Li Y, Wei H, Yang Z, Luo R, Gao Y, Zhang W, Liu X, Sun L. Molecular architecture and gating mechanisms of the Drosophila TRPA1 channel. Cell Discov 2023; 9:36. [PMID: 37015924 PMCID: PMC10073219 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) ion channel is an evolutionary conserved polymodal sensor responding to noxious temperature or chemical stimuli. Notably, the thermosensitivity of TRPA1 varies among different species or even different isoforms in the same species. However, the underlying molecular basis of its thermo-gating remains largely unknown. Here, we determine the structures of a heat-sensitive isoform of TRPA1 in Drosophila melanogaster in two distinct conformations with cryo-samples prepared at 8 °C. Large conformational changes are observed in the ankyrin repeat domain (ARD) and the coiled-coil domain between the two states. Remarkably, all 17 ankyrin repeats are mapped in the newly resolved conformation, forming a propeller-like architecture. Two intersubunit interfaces are identified in the amino (N)-terminal domain, and play vital roles during both heat and chemical activation as shown by electrophysiological analysis. With cryo-samples prepared at 35 °C, only one conformation is resolved, suggesting possible state transitions during heat responses. These findings provide a basis for further understanding how the ARD regulates channel functions, and insights into the gating mechanism of TRPA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China
| | - Zhisen Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Luo
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China.
| | - Linfeng Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China.
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, China.
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28
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Yang F, Kim SJ, Wu X, Cui H, Hahn SK, Hong G. Principles and applications of sono-optogenetics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 194:114711. [PMID: 36708773 PMCID: PMC9992299 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience research through its spatiotemporally precise activation of specific neurons by illuminating light on opsin-expressing neurons. A long-standing challenge of in vivo optogenetics arises from the limited penetration depth of visible light in the neural tissue due to scattering and absorption of photons. To address this challenge, sono-optogenetics has been developed to enable spatiotemporally precise light production in a three-dimensional volume of neural tissue by leveraging the deep tissue penetration and focusing ability of ultrasound as well as circulation-delivered mechanoluminescent nanotransducers. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the sono-optogenetics method from the physical principles of ultrasound and mechanoluminescence to its emerging applications for unique neuroscience studies. We also discuss a few promising directions in which sono-optogenetics can make a lasting transformative impact on neuroscience research from the perspectives of mechanoluminescent materials, ultrasound-tissue interaction, to the unique neuroscience opportunities of "scanning optogenetics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seong-Jong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Han Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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29
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Upconversion optogenetics-driven biohybrid sensor for infrared sensing and imaging. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:747-758. [PMID: 36638940 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Living organisms are far superior to state-of-the-art devices in visual perception as they have evolved a wide number of capabilities that encompass our most advanced technologies. By leveraging the performance of living organisms and directly interfacing them with artificial components, it can use the intricacy and metabolic efficiency of biological visual sensing within artificial machines. Inspired by the molecular basis (transient receptor potential, TRP) for infrared detection of pit-bearing organisms, we propose a TRP-like biohybrid sensor by integrating upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) and optogenetically engineered cells on a graphene transistor for infrared sensing and imaging. The UCNP converts infrared light irradiation into blue light, the blue light activates the cells expressed with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) and induces transmembrane photocurrent, and the photocurrent is detected by a biocompatible graphene transistor. Stepwise and overall experimental results show that, upon infrared light irradiation, the UCNP can rapidly mediate cellular photocurrents, which further translates into the extra output current of the graphene transistor. More notably, the response speed of the biohybrid sensor is 1∼3 orders of magnitude faster than those of TRPs heterologously expressed in cell lines in the literature, which confirms the response time advantage of the combination of UCNP and ChR2 within the sensor in place of TRPs. The biohybrid sensor can successfully image infrared targets, proving the feasibility of developing bionic infrared sensing devices by biohybrid integration of nonliving nanomaterials and biological components. This work opens up an avenue for biohybrid sensors to develop the bionic infrared vision that promisingly reproduces the functional superiority of natural organisms. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Infrared sensing and imaging have a wide range of military and civilian applications. Organisms have evolved excellent infrared vision with the molecular basis, transient receptor potential (TRP), and the performance is superior to existing state-of-the-art infrared devices. Inspired by this, a TRP-like biohybrid sensor based on upconversion optogenetics and a 2D material-based device is developed for infrared sensing and imaging. The biohybrid sensor has a relatively fast response speed that is 1∼3 orders of magnitude faster than that of the heterologously expressed TRPs, which enables its capability of infrared imaging with a single pixel-based method. This work broadens the spectrum of biohybrid sensing based on engineered cells to infrared, advancing the process of reproducing the excellent infrared detection of organisms.
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30
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Malik HR, Bertolesi GE, McFarlane S. TRPM8 thermosensation in poikilotherms mediates both skin colour and locomotor performance responses to cold temperature. Commun Biol 2023; 6:127. [PMID: 36721039 PMCID: PMC9889708 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoregulation is a homeostatic process to maintain an organism's internal temperature within a physiological range compatible with life. In poikilotherms, body temperature fluctuates with that of the environment, with both physiological and behavioral responses employed to modify body temperature. Changing skin colour/reflectance and locomotor activity are both well-recognized temperature regulatory mechanisms, but little is known of the participating thermosensor/s. We find that Xenopus laevis tadpoles put in the cold exhibit a temperature-dependent, systemic, and rapid melanosome aggregation in melanophores, which lightens the skin. Cooling also induces a reduction in the locomotor performance. To identify the cold-sensor, we focus on transient receptor potential (trp) channel genes from a Trpm family. mRNAs for several Trpms are present in Xenopus tails, and Trpm8 protein is present in skin melanophores. Temperature-induced melanosome aggregation is mimicked by the Trpm8 agonist menthol (WS12) and blocked by a Trpm8 antagonist. The degree of skin lightening induced by cooling is correlated with locomotor performance, and both responses are rapidly regulated in a dose-dependent and correlated manner by the WS12 Trpm8 agonist. We propose that TRPM8 serves as a cool thermosensor in poikilotherms that helps coordinate skin lightening and behavioural locomotor performance as adaptive thermoregulatory responses to cold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannan R. Malik
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Gabriel E. Bertolesi
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Sarah McFarlane
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
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Zhang H, Wang C, Zhang K, Kamau PM, Luo A, Tian L, Lai R. The role of TRPA1 channels in thermosensation. CELL INSIGHT 2022; 1:100059. [PMID: 37193355 PMCID: PMC10120293 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2022.100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal nonselective cation channel sensitive to different physical and chemical stimuli. TRPA1 is associated with many important physiological functions in different species and thus is involved in different degrees of evolution. TRPA1 acts as a polymodal receptor for the perceiving of irritating chemicals, cold, heat, and mechanical sensations in various animal species. Numerous studies have supported many functions of TRPA1, but its temperature-sensing function remains controversial. Although TRPA1 is widely distributed in both invertebrates and vertebrates, and plays a crucial role in tempreture sensing, the role of TRPA1 thermosensation and molecular temperature sensitivity are species-specific. In this review, we summarize the temperature-sensing role of TRPA1 orthologues in terms of molecular, cellular, and behavioural levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Engineering Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides, National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650107, Yunnan, China
| | - Chengsan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Engineering Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides, National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650107, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Keyi Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Peter Muiruri Kamau
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Engineering Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides, National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650107, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Anna Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Engineering Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides, National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650107, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lifeng Tian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Engineering Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides, National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650107, Yunnan, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
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Ding Y, Liu G, Long Z, Zhou Y, Qiu X, Ren B, Zhang Q, Chi C, Wan Z, Huang B, Fan Z. Uncooled self-powered hemispherical biomimetic pit organ for mid- to long-infrared imaging. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq8432. [PMID: 36044578 PMCID: PMC9432836 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq8432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infrared vision is highly desirable for applications in multifarious fields. Of the few species with this visual capability, snakes have exceptional infrared perception with the assistance of pit organs. Inspired by the pit organ design we present here a hemispherical biomimetic infrared imaging device. The devices use high-density ionic thermoelectric polymer nanowire arrays that serve as the sensing nerve cells. The individual nanowires exhibit notable voltage response to temperature variation in test objects. An infrared sensor array with 625 pixels on the hemispherical substrate is successfully demonstrated with an ultrawide field of view up to 135°. The device can image body temperature objects without a cooling system and external power supply. This work opens up opportunities for the design and fabrication of bioinspired infrared imaging devices based on emerging ionic thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Ding
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microelectronics Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gongze Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhenghao Long
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Qiu
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Beitao Ren
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qianpeng Zhang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheng Chi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhu’an Wan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Baoling Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, , HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Huang H, Li Y, Kuang Y, Zhang X, Majid Z, He X, Luo Y, Huang K, Cheng N. Zwitterion-modified antifouling swab joint “Snake-Eye” for detection of Salmonella in colored foodstuffs. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 211:114375. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yan C, Wu W, Dong W, Zhu B, Chang J, Lv Y, Yang S, Li JT. Temperature acclimation in hot-spring snakes and the convergence of cold response. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100295. [PMID: 36032194 PMCID: PMC9405097 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals have evolved sophisticated temperature-sensing systems and mechanisms to detect and respond to ambient temperature changes. As a relict species endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, hot-spring snake (Thermophis baileyi) survived the dramatic changes in climate that occurred during plateau uplift and ice ages, providing an excellent opportunity to explore the evolution of temperature sensation in ectotherms. Based on distributional information and behavioral experiments, we found that T. baileyi prefer hot-spring habitats and respond more quickly to warmth than other two snakes, suggesting that T. baileyi may evolve an efficient thermal-sensing system. Using high-quality chromosome-level assembly and comparative genomic analysis, we identified cold acclimation genes experiencing convergent acceleration in high-altitude lineages. We also discovered significant evolutionary changes in thermosensation- and thermoregulation-related genes, including the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Among these genes, TRPA1 exhibited three species-specific amino acid replacements, which differed from those found in infrared imaging snakes, implying different temperature-sensing molecular strategies. Based on laser-heating experiments, the T. baileyi-specific mutations in TRPA1 resulted in an increase in heat-induced opening probability and thermal sensitivity of the ion channels under the same degree of temperature stimulation, which may help the organism respond to temperature changes more quickly. These results provide insight into the genetic mechanisms underpinning the evolution of temperature-sensing strategies in ectotherms as well as genetic evidence of temperature acclimation in this group. Hot-spring snakes prefer hot-spring habitats on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Genetic variation in the snakes contribute to the temperature acclimation Unique mutations in TRPA1 increase thermal sensitivity of the ion channel Different temperature-sensing strategies existed across snakes
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Sebesta C, Torres Hinojosa D, Wang B, Asfouri J, Li Z, Duret G, Jiang K, Xiao Z, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Colvin VL, Goetz SM, Peterchev AV, Dierick HA, Bao G, Robinson JT. Subsecond multichannel magnetic control of select neural circuits in freely moving flies. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:951-958. [PMID: 35761060 PMCID: PMC10965118 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Precisely timed activation of genetically targeted cells is a powerful tool for the study of neural circuits and control of cell-based therapies. Magnetic control of cell activity, or 'magnetogenetics', using magnetic nanoparticle heating of temperature-sensitive ion channels enables remote, non-invasive activation of neurons for deep-tissue applications and freely behaving animal studies. However, the in vivo response time of thermal magnetogenetics is currently tens of seconds, which prevents precise temporal modulation of neural activity. Moreover, magnetogenetics has yet to achieve in vivo multiplexed stimulation of different groups of neurons. Here we produce subsecond behavioural responses in Drosophila melanogaster by combining magnetic nanoparticles with a rate-sensitive thermoreceptor (TRPA1-A). Furthermore, by tuning magnetic nanoparticles to respond to different magnetic field strengths and frequencies, we achieve subsecond, multichannel stimulation. These results bring magnetogenetics closer to the temporal resolution and multiplexed stimulation possible with optogenetics while maintaining the minimal invasiveness and deep-tissue stimulation possible only by magnetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Sebesta
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Boshuo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joseph Asfouri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongxi Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Guillaume Duret
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kaiyi Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qingbo Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vicki L Colvin
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stefan M Goetz
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Institute of Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Engineering, School of Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Angel V Peterchev
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Herman A Dierick
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacob T Robinson
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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36
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Bu X, Bai H. Recent Progress of Bio-inspired Camouflage Materials: From Visible to Infrared Range. Chem Res Chin Univ 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-022-2170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
SignificanceAdaptation to more severe ambient temperature fluctuations can be considered one of the key innovations of terrestrial tetrapods. Our study shows the formation of the functional MHR1-3 domain in transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) bestowed the channel with cold sensitivity during the water-to-land transition. The evolved MHR1-3 domain found in terrestrial tetrapods serves as an independent apparatus with cold sensitivity. Furthermore, this domain with independent cold sensitivity is necessary for the regulatory mechanism of the pore domain, where the efficacy of cold activation is largely altered by evolutionary tuning of the hydrophobicity of several residues during the diversification of terrestrial tetrapods. Our findings advance the understanding of cold-sensing emergence during evolution and the thermodynamic basis of TRPM8 cold activation.
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38
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Li X, Li M, Li X, Fan X, Zhi C. Low Infrared Emissivity and Strong Stealth of Ti-Based MXenes. Research (Wash D C) 2022; 2022:9892628. [PMID: 35692598 PMCID: PMC9157363 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9892628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced scenario-adaptable infrared (IR) stealth materials are crucial for creating localized closed thermal environments. Low emissivity over the broadest possible band is expected, as is superior mechanical deformability. Herein, we report a series of Ti-based MXenes with naturally low emissivity as ideal IR shielding materials. Over a wavelength ranging from 2.5 to 25 μm, Ti3C2TX film delivers an average emissivity of 0.057 with the lowest point of 0.042. Such a low emissivity coupled with outstanding structural shaping capability is beyond the current grasp. The reflection-dominated mechanism is dissected. Also, some intriguing scenarios of IR stealth for wearable electronic devices and skin thermal control are demonstrated. This finding lights an encouraging path toward next-generation IR shielding by the expanding MXene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Minghang Li
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xin Li
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xiaomeng Fan
- Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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39
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French F. Expanding Aesthetics. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:855087. [PMID: 35601399 PMCID: PMC9114928 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.855087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper seeks to expand traditional aesthetic dimensions of design beyond the limits of human capability in order to encompass other species' sensory modalities. To accomplish this, the idea of inclusivity is extended beyond human cultural and personal identities and needs, to embrace multi-species experiences of places, events and interactions in the world. This involves drawing together academic perspectives from ecology, neuroscience, anthropology, philosophy and interaction design, as well as exploring artistic perspectives and demonstrating how these different frames of reference can inspire and complement each other. This begins with a rationale for the existence of non-human aesthetics, followed by an overview of existing research into non-human aesthetic dimensions. Novel aesthetic categories are proposed and the challenge of how to include non-human aesthetic sensibility in design is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona French
- School of Computing and Digital Media, London Metropolitan University, London, United Kingdom
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40
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Emer SA, Grace MS, Mora CV, Harvey MT. Pit organ-based infrared discrimination sensitivity and signal transduction in the Burmese python (Python molurus bivitattus). Behav Brain Res 2022; 429:113910. [PMID: 35513170 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Burmese pythons (Python molurus bivitattus) use a unique infrared (IR) targeting system to acquire prey, avoid predators and seek thermoregulatory sites through detection of IR energy in the environment. Previous studies of sensitivity of the python IR system that relied on analysis of complex, natural behaviors lacked robust, reliable responses in animals habituated to experiments, and in vitro electrophysiological study failed to test behavioral function of the implicated protein thermoreceptor, TRPA1. The present study used conditioned discrimination procedures to analyze behavioral sensitivity and signal transduction in the python IR system. Pythons trained to behaviorally discriminate thermal stimuli averaged 70% correct choices, but failed to make correct choices when pit organs were physically occluded with IR-blocking material. The pythons exhibited greater sensitivity to thermal stimuli than previously reported, evident by correct choices that exceeded chance in response to a 14×10-6Wcm-2 irradiance contrast, or 0.5°C thermal differential. Finally, in a test of the behavioral role of the putative thermoreceptor protein TRPA1, despite pit organ treatment with a TRPA1 inhibitor, python performance exceeded chance and was similar to baseline discrimination and control trials. Collectively, the results suggest that the IR system is a high sensitivity, broad-spectrum thermosensor that may operate through different and/or multiple thermoreceptive proteins with overlapping spectral response profiles. The findings reported here provide a better understanding of the relationship between the brain, behavior and environment in driving survival and ecological success of the Burmese python, especially as an invasive megapredator in the southern United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri A Emer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965 USA.
| | - Michael S Grace
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA
| | - Cordula V Mora
- Department of Psychology, J. P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind and Behavior, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark T Harvey
- Department of Psychology, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA
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Cloning and functional characterization of medaka TRPV4. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 267:111182. [PMID: 35247590 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Medaka, Oryzias latipes is distributed in fresh water of South Asia. To study roles of TRPV4 in osmosensing and adaption mechanism of medaka during changes in salinity environment, we isolated the cDNA for TRPV4 from medaka (olTRPV4) and characterized it. The electrophysiological analysis using Xenopus oocytes revealed that olTRPV4 can be activated by a TRPV4-specific agonist, GSK1016790A and acid at pH 5. Further, olTRPV4 was sensitive to 2-APB. Although warm temperatures activate mammalian TRPV4, olTRPV4 was activated by cold and hot stimulation. The threshold for cold activation was determined as 13.13 ± 0.60 °C, and the heat-activation threshold was 40.26 ± 0.25 °C. Further, when olTRPV4-expressing oocytes were stimulated by hypotonic solution, an apparent activation was observed. We further found that the expression of this hypotonic sensor, olTRPV4 was significantly down-regulated in gills but up-regulated in brains of sea water-acclimated medaka. Results demonstrated that olTRPV4 must function as an osmosensor and play important roles in adaption mechanism of medaka fish in various salinity environments.
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42
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Rao WQ, Kalogeropoulos K, Allentoft ME, Gopalakrishnan S, Zhao WN, Workman CT, Knudsen C, Jiménez-Mena B, Seneci L, Mousavi-Derazmahalleh M, Jenkins TP, Rivera-de-Torre E, Liu SQ, Laustsen AH. The rise of genomics in snake venom research: recent advances and future perspectives. Gigascience 2022; 11:6562531. [PMID: 35365832 PMCID: PMC8975721 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake venoms represent a danger to human health, but also a gold mine of bioactive proteins that can be harnessed for drug discovery purposes. The evolution of snakes and their venom has been studied for decades, particularly via traditional morphological and basic genetic methods alongside venom proteomics. However, while the field of genomics has matured rapidly over the past 2 decades, owing to the development of next-generation sequencing technologies, snake genomics remains in its infancy. Here, we provide an overview of the state of the art in snake genomics and discuss its potential implications for studying venom evolution and toxinology. On the basis of current knowledge, gene duplication and positive selection are key mechanisms in the neofunctionalization of snake venom proteins. This makes snake venoms important evolutionary drivers that explain the remarkable venom diversification and adaptive variation observed in these reptiles. Gene duplication and neofunctionalization have also generated a large number of repeat sequences in snake genomes that pose a significant challenge to DNA sequencing, resulting in the need for substantial computational resources and longer sequencing read length for high-quality genome assembly. Fortunately, owing to constantly improving sequencing technologies and computational tools, we are now able to explore the molecular mechanisms of snake venom evolution in unprecedented detail. Such novel insights have the potential to affect the design and development of antivenoms and possibly other drugs, as well as provide new fundamental knowledge on snake biology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiao Rao
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Mass Spectrometry, Beijing Genomics Institute-Research, 518083, Shenzhen, China
| | - Konstantinos Kalogeropoulos
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Morten E Allentoft
- Trace and Environmental DNA (TrEnD) Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, 6102, Bentley Perth, Australia.,Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5, 1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shyam Gopalakrishnan
- Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5, 1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wei-Ning Zhao
- Department of Mass Spectrometry, Beijing Genomics Institute-Research, 518083, Shenzhen, China
| | - Christopher T Workman
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Knudsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Belén Jiménez-Mena
- DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Vejlsøvej 39, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Lorenzo Seneci
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mahsa Mousavi-Derazmahalleh
- Trace and Environmental DNA (TrEnD) Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, 6102, Bentley Perth, Australia
| | - Timothy P Jenkins
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Esperanza Rivera-de-Torre
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Si-Qi Liu
- Department of Mass Spectrometry, Beijing Genomics Institute-Research, 518083, Shenzhen, China
| | - Andreas H Laustsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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43
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Hu F, Cao X, Niu C, Wang K. Co-assembly of warm-temperature sensitive TRPV3 and TRPV4 channel complexes with distinct functional properties. Mol Pharmacol 2022; 101:390-399. [PMID: 35361697 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteromeric assembly of temperature-sensitive TRP ion channels has been suggested to underlie the molecular basis of fine-tuning of temperature detection and chemical sensation. However, whether warmth-temperature sensitive TRPV3 and TRPV4 channels robustly expressed in the skin can form heteromeric assembly remains largely unknown. In this study, we show that TRPV3 and TRPV4 channels can co-assemble into functional heterotetrameric channels with distinct properties. Confocal imaging reveals a co-localization and association of TRPV3 and TRPV4 proteins in cell membrane. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrates a strong protein-protein interaction between TRPV3 and TRPV4 subunits from heterogeneously expressed cells or mouse skin tissues through their C-termini, but not in TRPV3 knockout tissues. Co-expression of TRPV3 and TRPV4 channels yields a heterotetrameric channel complexes characterized by an intermediate single-channel conductance, distinct activation threshold and pharmacology. Taken together, our findings demonstrate a heterotetrameric assembly of TRPV3 and TRPV4 channels, which may help explain the role of temperature-sensitive TRPV channels in fine-tuning of environmental detection and sensation in the skin. Significance Statement The co-assembly of TRPV3 and TRPV4 channel complexes increases the functional diversity within the channel subfamily, which may serve as a molecular basis for fine-tuning of environmental detection and temperature sensation in mammals.
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44
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Nociception and hypersensitivity involve distinct neurons and molecular transducers in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2113645119. [PMID: 35294287 PMCID: PMC8944580 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113645119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceFunctional plasticity of the nociceptive circuit is a remarkable feature and is of clinical relevance. As an example, nociceptors lower their threshold upon tissue injury, a process known as allodynia that would facilitate healing by guarding the injured areas. However, long-lasting hypersensitivity could lead to chronic pain, a debilitating disease not effectively treated. Therefore, it is crucial to dissect the mechanisms underlying basal nociception and nociceptive hypersensitivity. In both vertebrate and invertebrate species, conserved transient receptor potential (Trp) channels are the primary transducers of noxious stimuli. Here, we provide a precedent that in Drosophila larvae, heat sensing in the nociception and hypersensitivity states is mediated by distinct heat-sensitive neurons and TrpA1 alternative isoforms.
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45
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Wu X, Jiang Y, Rommelfanger NJ, Yang F, Zhou Q, Yin R, Liu J, Cai S, Ren W, Shin A, Ong KS, Pu K, Hong G. Tether-free photothermal deep-brain stimulation in freely behaving mice via wide-field illumination in the near-infrared-II window. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:754-770. [PMID: 35314800 PMCID: PMC9232843 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00862-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Invasive brain implants and tethered optical fibres are typically used in restrained or motion-impaired animals, limiting the control and the decoding of the neural circuitry in freely behaving ones. Here we report the implant- and tether-free optical neurostimulation of deep brain regions by locally injected and untargeted photothermal transducers. The macromolecular transducers, comprising a semiconducting polymer core and an amphiphilic polymer shell, have an average diameter of 40 nanometres and achieve a photothermal conversion of 71% (at 1064 nm), activating the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) ectopically expressed by an adeno-associated virus in dopaminergic neurons of tyrosine hydroxylase-driven Cre recombinase transgenic mice. The near-transparency of biological tissue in the second near-infrared window enabled the light source to be placed at 50 centimetres above the mouse, at a low incident power density of 10 milliwatt/square millimetre, resulting in the activation, through the scalp and skull, of the dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area, with minimal thermal damage. The approach is suitable for the neurostimulation of socially interacting mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yuyan Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas J Rommelfanger
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rongkang Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Junlang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sa Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kyrstyn S Ong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. .,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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46
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Aulsebrook AE, Jechow A, Krop-Benesch A, Kyba CCM, Longcore T, Perkin EK, van Grunsven RHA. Nocturnal lighting in animal research should be replicable and reflect relevant ecological conditions. Biol Lett 2022; 18:20220035. [PMID: 35291885 PMCID: PMC8923816 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2022.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, light is a key driver of animal behaviour and physiology. When studying captive or laboratory animals, researchers usually expose animals to a period of darkness, to mimic night. However, ‘darkness’ is often poorly quantified and its importance is generally underappreciated in animal research. Even small differences in nocturnal light conditions can influence biology. When light levels during the dark phase are not reported accurately, experiments can be impossible to replicate and compare. Furthermore, when nocturnal light levels are unrealistically dark or bright, the research is less ecologically relevant. Such issues are exacerbated by huge differences in the sensitivity of different light meters, which are not always described in study methods. We argue that nocturnal light levels need to be reported clearly and precisely, particularly in studies of animals housed indoors (e.g. ‘<0.03 lux’ rather than ‘0 lux’ or ‘dark’), and that these light levels should reflect conditions that the animal would experience in a natural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Aulsebrook
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Andreas Jechow
- Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, GFZ German Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Christopher C M Kyba
- Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, GFZ German Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Travis Longcore
- UCLA Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Roy H A van Grunsven
- Dutch Butterfly Conservation, Mennonietenweg 10, 6702 AD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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47
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Signore E, Clark RW, Schraft HA. TEMPERATURE-BASED AMBUSH SITE SELECTION IN SIDEWINDER RATTLESNAKES (CROTALUS CERASTES). SOUTHWEST NAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1894/0038-4909-65.3-4.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rulon W. Clark
- San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 (RWC, HAS)
| | - Hannes A. Schraft
- San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 (RWC, HAS)
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48
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Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are sophisticated signaling machines that detect a wide variety of environmental and physiological signals. Every cell in the body expresses one or more members of the extended TRP channel family, which consists of over 30 subtypes, each likely possessing distinct pharmacological, biophysical, and/or structural attributes. While the function of some TRP subtypes remains enigmatic, those involved in sensory signaling are perhaps best characterized and have served as models for understanding how these excitatory ion channels serve as polymodal signal integrators. With the recent resolution revolution in cryo-electron microscopy, these and other TRP channel subtypes are now yielding their secrets to detailed atomic analysis, which is beginning to reveal structural underpinnings of stimulus detection and gating, ion permeation, and allosteric mechanisms governing signal integration. These insights are providing a framework for designing and evaluating modality-specific pharmacological agents for treating sensory and other TRP channel-associated disorders. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda M Diver
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; .,Current affiliation: Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - John V Lin King
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; .,Current affiliation: Department of Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - David Julius
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;
| | - Yifan Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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49
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Lee Y, Park J, Choe A, Shin YE, Kim J, Myoung J, Lee S, Lee Y, Kim YK, Yi SW, Nam J, Seo J, Ko H. Flexible Pyroresistive Graphene Composites for Artificial Thermosensation Differentiating Materials and Solvent Types. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1208-1219. [PMID: 35020369 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
When we touch an object, thermosensation allows us to perceive not only the temperature but also wetness and types of materials with different thermophysical properties (i.e., thermal conductivity and heat capacity) of objects. Emulation of such sensory abilities is important in robots, wearables, and haptic interfaces, but it is challenging because they are not directly perceptible sensations but rather learned abilities via sensory experiences. Emulating the thermosensation of human skin, we introduce an artificial thermosensation based on an intelligent thermo-/calorimeter (TCM) that can objectively differentiate types of contact materials and solvents with different thermophysical properties. We demonstrate a TCM based on pyroresistive composites with ultrahigh sensitivity (11.2% °C-1) and high accuracy (<0.1 °C) by precisely controlling the melt-induced volume expansion of a semicrystalline polymer, as well as the negative temperature coefficient of reduced graphene oxide. In addition, the ultrathin TCM with coplanar electrode design shows deformation-insensitive temperature sensing, facilitating wearable skin temperature monitoring with accuracy higher than a commercial thermometer. Moreover, the TCM with a high pyroresistivity can objectively differentiate types of contact materials and solvents with different thermophysical properties. In a proof-of-principle application, our intelligent TCM, coupled with a machine-learning algorithm, enables objective evaluation of the thermal attributes (coolness and wetness) of skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngoh Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwa Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayoung Choe
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Shin
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Myoung
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjae Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsu Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyung Kim
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, 17074 Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Yi
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, 17074 Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Nam
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, 17074 Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Seo
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, 17074 Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunhyub Ko
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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50
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Jiang S, Wu X, Rommelfanger NJ, Ou Z, Hong G. Shedding light on neurons: optical approaches for neuromodulation. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac007. [PMID: 36196122 PMCID: PMC9522429 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Today's optical neuromodulation techniques are rapidly evolving, benefiting from advances in photonics, genetics and materials science. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the latest optical approaches for neuromodulation. We begin with the physical principles and constraints underlying the interaction between light and neural tissue. We then present advances in optical neurotechnologies in seven modules: conventional optical fibers, multifunctional fibers, optical waveguides, light-emitting diodes, upconversion nanoparticles, optical neuromodulation based on the secondary effects of light, and unconventional light sources facilitated by ultrasound and magnetic fields. We conclude our review with an outlook on new methods and mechanisms that afford optical neuromodulation with minimal invasiveness and footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Nicholas J Rommelfanger
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Zihao Ou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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