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Wardhani K, Levina A, Grau GER, Lay PA. Fluorescent, phosphorescent, magnetic resonance contrast and radioactive tracer labelling of extracellular vesicles. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6779-6829. [PMID: 38828885 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00238h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This review focusses on the significance of fluorescent, phosphorescent labelling and tracking of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for unravelling their biology, pathophysiology, and potential diagnostic and therapeutic uses. Various labeling strategies, such as lipid membrane, surface protein, luminal, nucleic acid, radionuclide, quantum dot labels, and metal complex-based stains, are evaluated for visualizing and characterizing EVs. Direct labelling with fluorescent lipophilic dyes is simple but generally lacks specificity, while surface protein labelling offers selectivity but may affect EV-cell interactions. Luminal and nucleic acid labelling strategies have their own advantages and challenges. Each labelling approach has strengths and weaknesses, which require a suitable probe and technique based on research goals, but new tetranuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes as phosphorescent probes have strong phosphorescence, selective staining, and stability. Future research should prioritize the design of novel fluorescent probes and labelling platforms that can significantly enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and specificity of EV labeling, while preserving their composition and functionality. It is crucial to reduce false positive signals and explore the potential of multimodal imaging techniques to gain comprehensive insights into EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Wardhani
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology (B-TEK) Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Vascular Immunology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter A Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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2
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Meshref M, Ghaith HS, Hammad MA, Shalaby MMM, Ayasra F, Monib FA, Attia MS, Ebada MA, Elsayed H, Shalash A, Bahbah EI. The Role of RIN3 Gene in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: a Comprehensive Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3528-3544. [PMID: 37995081 PMCID: PMC11087354 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a globally prevalent form of dementia that impacts diverse populations and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and impairments in executive memory. Although the exact mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis remain unclear, it is commonly accepted that the aggregation of misfolded proteins, such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, plays a critical role. Additionally, AD is a multifactorial condition influenced by various genetic factors and can manifest as either early-onset AD (EOAD) or late-onset AD (LOAD), each associated with specific gene variants. One gene of particular interest in both EOAD and LOAD is RIN3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor. This gene plays a multifaceted role in AD pathogenesis. Firstly, upregulation of RIN3 can result in endosomal enlargement and dysfunction, thereby facilitating the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides in the brain. Secondly, RIN3 has been shown to impact the PICLAM pathway, affecting transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier. Lastly, RIN3 has implications for immune-mediated responses, notably through its influence on the PTK2B gene. This review aims to provide a concise overview of AD and delve into the role of the RIN3 gene in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Meshref
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Faris Ayasra
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Mohamed S Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Hanaa Elsayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Shalash
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eshak I Bahbah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
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3
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Choi SH, Mani M, Kim J, Cho WJ, Martin TFJ, Kim JH, Chu HS, Jeong WJ, Won YW, Lee BJ, Ahn B, Kim J, Jeon DY, Park JW. DRG2 is required for surface localization of PD-L1 and the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:260. [PMID: 38802348 PMCID: PMC11130180 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
More than half of tumor patients with high PD-L1 expression do not respond to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, and the underlying mechanisms are yet to be clarified. Here we show that developmentally regulated GTP-binding protein 2 (DRG2) is required for response of PD-L1-expressing tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy. DRG2 depletion enhanced IFN-γ signaling and increased the PD-L1 level in melanoma cells. However, it inhibited recycling of endosomal PD-L1 and reduced surface PD-L1 levels, which led to defects in interaction with PD-1. Anti-PD-1 did not expand effector-like T cells within DRG2-depleted tumors and failed to improve the survival of DRG2-depleted tumor-bearing mice. Cohort analysis revealed that patients bearing melanoma with low DRG2 protein levels were resistant to anti-PD-1 therapy. These findings identify DRG2 as a key regulator of recycling of endosomal PD-L1 and response to anti-PD-1 therapy and provide insights into how to increase the correlation between PD-L1 expression and response to anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hee Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul, Korea
| | - Muralidharan Mani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- School of System Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wha Ja Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Thomas F J Martin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hun Su Chu
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Young-Wook Won
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Byung Ju Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
- Basic-Clinic Convergence Research Institute, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Byungyong Ahn
- Basic-Clinic Convergence Research Institute, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Junil Kim
- School of System Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Do Yong Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea.
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea.
- Basic-Clinic Convergence Research Institute, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea.
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4
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Wang J, Xiong J, Zhang S, Li D, Chu Q, Chang W, Deng L, Ji WK. Biogenesis of Rab14-positive endosome buds at Golgi-endosome contacts by the RhoBTB3-SHIP164-Vps26B complex. Cell Discov 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38565878 PMCID: PMC10987540 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Early endosomes (EEs) are crucial in cargo sorting within vesicular trafficking. While cargoes destined for degradation are retained in EEs and eventually transported to lysosomes, recycled cargoes for the plasma membrane (PM) or the Golgi undergo segregation into specialized membrane structures known as EE buds during cargo sorting. Despite this significance, the molecular basis of the membrane expansion during EE bud formation has been poorly understood. In this study, we identify a protein complex comprising SHIP164, an ATPase RhoBTB3, and a retromer subunit Vps26B, which promotes the formation of EE buds at Golgi-EE contacts. Our findings reveal that Vps26B acts as a novel Rab14 effector, and Rab14 activity regulates the association of SHIP164 with EEs. Depletion of SHIP164 leads to enlarged Rab14+ EEs without buds, a phenotype rescued by wild-type SHIP164 but not the lipid transfer-defective mutants. Suppression of RhoBTB3 or Vps26B mirrors the effects of SHIP164 depletion. Together, we propose a lipid transport-dependent pathway mediated by the RhoBTB3-SHIP164-Vps26B complex at Golgi-EE contacts, which is essential for EE budding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuhan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongchen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingzhu Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Lin Deng
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei-Ke Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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5
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Fernandez-Rojo MA, Pearen MA, Burgess AG, Ikonomopoulou MP, Hoang-Le D, Genz B, Saggiomo SL, Nawaratna SSK, Poli M, Reissmann R, Gobert GN, Deutsch U, Engelhardt B, Brooks AJ, Jones A, Arosio P, Ramm GA. The heavy subunit of ferritin stimulates NLRP3 inflammasomes in hepatic stellate cells through ICAM-1 to drive hepatic inflammation. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eade4335. [PMID: 38564492 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ade4335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Serum ferritin concentrations increase during hepatic inflammation and correlate with the severity of chronic liver disease. Here, we report a molecular mechanism whereby the heavy subunit of ferritin (FTH) contributes to hepatic inflammation. We found that FTH induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in primary rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) through intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). FTH-ICAM-1 stimulated the expression of Il1b, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and the processing and secretion of IL-1β in a manner that depended on plasma membrane remodeling, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and lysosomal destabilization. FTH-ICAM-1 signaling at early endosomes stimulated Il1b expression, implying that this endosomal signaling primed inflammasome activation in HSCs. In contrast, lysosomal destabilization was required for FTH-induced IL-1β secretion, suggesting that lysosomal damage activated inflammasomes. FTH induced IL-1β production in liver slices from wild-type mice but not in those from Icam1-/- or Nlrp3-/- mice. Thus, FTH signals through its receptor ICAM-1 on HSCs to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. We speculate that this pathway contributes to hepatic inflammation, a key process that stimulates hepatic fibrogenesis associated with chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Fernandez-Rojo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Hepatic Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid 28049, Spain
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Michael A Pearen
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Anita G Burgess
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Maria P Ikonomopoulou
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Translational Venomics Laboratory, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Diem Hoang-Le
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Berit Genz
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Silvia L Saggiomo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | | | - Maura Poli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Regina Reissmann
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey N Gobert
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Urban Deutsch
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J Brooks
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Alun Jones
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Grant A Ramm
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
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6
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Clippinger AK, Naismith TV, Yoo W, Jansen S, Kast DJ, Hanson PI. IST1 regulates select recycling pathways. Traffic 2024; 25:e12921. [PMID: 37926552 PMCID: PMC11027954 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
ESCRTs (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transports) are a modular set of protein complexes with membrane remodeling activities that include the formation and release of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) to generate multivesicular endosomes. While most of the 12 ESCRT-III proteins are known to play roles in ILV formation, IST1 has been associated with a wider range of endosomal remodeling events. Here, we extend previous studies of IST1 function in endosomal trafficking and confirm that IST1, along with its binding partner CHMP1B, contributes to scission of early endosomal carriers. Functionally, depleting IST1 impaired delivery of transferrin receptor from early/sorting endosomes to the endocytic recycling compartment and instead increased its rapid recycling to the plasma membrane via peripheral endosomes enriched in the clathrin adaptor AP-1. IST1 is also important for export of mannose 6-phosphate receptor from early/sorting endosomes. Examination of IST1 binding partners on endosomes revealed that IST1 interacts with the MIT domain-containing sorting nexin SNX15, a protein previously reported to regulate endosomal recycling. Our kinetic and spatial analyses establish that SNX15 and IST1 occupy a clathrin-containing subdomain on the endosomal perimeter distinct from those previously implicated in cargo retrieval or degradation. Using live-cell microscopy, we see that SNX15 and CHMP1B alternately recruit IST1 to this subdomain or the base of endosomal tubules. These findings indicate that IST1 contributes to a subset of recycling pathways from the early/sorting endosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Clippinger
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Teresa V Naismith
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Wonjin Yoo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Silvia Jansen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - David J Kast
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Phyllis I Hanson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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7
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Bueno D, Narayan Dey P, Schacht T, Wolf C, Wüllner V, Morpurgo E, Rojas-Charry L, Sessinghaus L, Leukel P, Sommer C, Radyushkin K, Florin L, Baumgart J, Stamm P, Daiber A, Horta G, Nardi L, Vasic V, Schmeisser MJ, Hellwig A, Oskamp A, Bauer A, Anand R, Reichert AS, Ritz S, Nocera G, Jacob C, Peper J, Silies M, Frauenknecht KBM, Schäfer MKE, Methner A. NECAB2 is an endosomal protein important for striatal function. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:643-656. [PMID: 37722569 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic signaling depends on ATP generated by mitochondria. Dysfunctional mitochondria shift the redox balance towards a more oxidative environment. Due to extensive connectivity, the striatum is especially vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction. We found that neuronal calcium-binding protein 2 (NECAB2) plays a role in striatal function and mitochondrial homeostasis. NECAB2 is a predominantly endosomal striatal protein which partially colocalizes with mitochondria. This colocalization is enhanced by mild oxidative stress. Global knockout of Necab2 in the mouse results in increased superoxide levels, increased DNA oxidation and reduced levels of the antioxidant glutathione which correlates with an altered mitochondrial shape and function. Striatal mitochondria from Necab2 knockout mice are more abundant and smaller and characterized by a reduced spare capacity suggestive of intrinsic uncoupling respectively mitochondrial dysfunction. In line with this, we also found an altered stress-induced interaction of endosomes with mitochondria in Necab2 knockout striatal cultures. The predominance of dysfunctional mitochondria and the pro-oxidative redox milieu correlates with a loss of striatal synapses and behavioral changes characteristic of striatal dysfunction like reduced motivation and altered sensory gating. Together this suggests an involvement of NECAB2 in an endosomal pathway of mitochondrial stress response important for striatal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diones Bueno
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany.
| | - Partha Narayan Dey
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany.
| | - Teresa Schacht
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany.
| | - Christina Wolf
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany.
| | - Verena Wüllner
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany.
| | - Elena Morpurgo
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany.
| | - Liliana Rojas-Charry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Anatomy, Germany.
| | - Lena Sessinghaus
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute of Neuropathology, Germany.
| | - Petra Leukel
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute of Neuropathology, Germany.
| | - Clemens Sommer
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute of Neuropathology, Germany.
| | - Konstantin Radyushkin
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mouse Behavior Unit, Germany.
| | - Luise Florin
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Virology, Germany.
| | - Jan Baumgart
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Translational Animal Research Center (TARC), Germany.
| | - Paul Stamm
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Center for Cardiology, Germany.
| | - Andreas Daiber
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Center for Cardiology, Germany.
| | - Guilherme Horta
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Anatomy, Germany.
| | - Leonardo Nardi
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Anatomy, Germany.
| | - Verica Vasic
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Anatomy, Germany.
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Anatomy, Germany.
| | - Andrea Hellwig
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Germany.
| | - Angela Oskamp
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany.
| | - Andreas Bauer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany.
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sandra Ritz
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH (IMB), Mainz, Germany.
| | - Gianluigi Nocera
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Claire Jacob
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Jonas Peper
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Marion Silies
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Katrin B M Frauenknecht
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute of Neuropathology, Germany; Institute of Neuropathology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Axel Methner
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Germany.
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8
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Mayer C, Nehring S, Kücken M, Repnik U, Seifert S, Sljukic A, Delpierre J, Morales‐Navarrete H, Hinz S, Brosch M, Chung B, Karlsen T, Huch M, Kalaidzidis Y, Brusch L, Hampe J, Schafmayer C, Zerial M. Apical bulkheads accumulate as adaptive response to impaired bile flow in liver disease. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57181. [PMID: 37522754 PMCID: PMC10481669 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes form bile canaliculi that dynamically respond to the signalling activity of bile acids and bile flow. Little is known about their responses to intraluminal pressure. During embryonic development, hepatocytes assemble apical bulkheads that increase the canalicular resistance to intraluminal pressure. Here, we investigate whether they also protect bile canaliculi against elevated pressure upon impaired bile flow in adult liver. Apical bulkheads accumulate upon bile flow obstruction in mouse models and patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Their loss under these conditions leads to abnormally dilated canaliculi, resembling liver cell rosettes described in other hepatic diseases. 3D reconstruction reveals that these structures are sections of cysts and tubes formed by hepatocytes. Mathematical modelling establishes that they positively correlate with canalicular pressure and occur in early PSC stages. Using primary hepatocytes and 3D organoids, we demonstrate that excessive canalicular pressure causes the loss of apical bulkheads and formation of rosettes. Our results suggest that apical bulkheads are a protective mechanism of hepatocytes against impaired bile flow, highlighting the role of canalicular pressure in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Mayer
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Sophie Nehring
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | - Michael Kücken
- Center for Information Services and High‐Performance ComputingTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Urska Repnik
- Central Microscopy, Department of BiologyChristian‐Albrechts‐Universtät zu Kiel (CAU)KielGermany
| | - Sarah Seifert
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Aleksandra Sljukic
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Julien Delpierre
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | | | - Sebastian Hinz
- Department of General SurgeryUniversity Hospital RostockRostockGermany
| | - Mario Brosch
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | - Brian Chung
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research CenterOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and TransplantationOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Tom Karlsen
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research CenterOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and TransplantationOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Yannis Kalaidzidis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Lutz Brusch
- Center for Information Services and High‐Performance ComputingTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | | | - Marino Zerial
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
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9
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Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Receptor-mediated internalization promotes increased endosome size and number in a RAB4- and RAB5-dependent manner. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151339. [PMID: 37423034 PMCID: PMC10585956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their significance in receptor-mediated internalization and continued signal transduction in cells, early/sorting endosomes (EE/SE) remain incompletely characterized, with many outstanding questions that surround the dynamics of their size and number. While several studies have reported increases in EE/SE size and number resulting from endocytic events, few studies have addressed such dynamics in a methodological and quantitative manner. Herein we apply quantitative fluorescence microscopy to measure the size and number of EE/SE upon internalization of two different ligands: transferrin and epidermal growth factor. Additionally, we used siRNA knock-down to determine the involvement of 5 different endosomal RAB proteins (RAB4, RAB5, RAB8A, RAB10 and RAB11A) in EE/SE dynamics. Our study provides new information on the dynamics of endosomes during endocytosis, an important reference for researchers studying receptor-mediated internalization and endocytic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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10
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Wang Y, Chen Q, Wu S, Sun X, Yin R, Ouyang Z, Yin H, Wei Y. Amelioration of ethanol-induced oxidative stress and alcoholic liver disease by in vivo RNAi targeting Cyp2e1. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3906-3918. [PMID: 37719371 PMCID: PMC10502278 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) results from continuous and heavy alcohol consumption. The current treatment strategy for ALD is based on alcohol withdrawal coupled with antioxidant drug intervention, which is a long process with poor efficacy and low patient compliance. Alcohol-induced CYP2E1 upregulation has been demonstrated as a key regulator of ALD, but CYP2E1 knockdown in humans was impractical, and pharmacological inhibition of CYP2E1 by a clinically relevant approach for treating ALD was not shown. In this study, we developed a RNAi therapeutics delivered by lipid nanoparticle, and treated mice fed on Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet weekly for up to 12 weeks. This RNAi-based inhibition of Cyp2e1 expression reduced reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in mouse livers, and contributed to improved ALD symptoms in mice. The liver fat accumulation, hepatocyte inflammation, and fibrosis were reduced in ALD models. Therefore, this study suggested the feasibility of RNAi targeting to CYP2E1 as a potential therapeutic tool to the development of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiubing Chen
- Department of Urology, Frontier Science Centre for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Runting Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Urology, Frontier Science Centre for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- RNA Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan Research Centre for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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11
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Clippinger AK, Naismith TV, Yoo W, Jansen S, Kast D, Hanson PI. IST1 regulates select endosomal recycling pathways. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.551359. [PMID: 37577466 PMCID: PMC10418098 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.551359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
ESCRTs (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) are a modular set of protein complexes with membrane remodeling activities that include the formation and release of intralumenal vesicles (ILVs) to generate multivesicular endosomes. While most of the 12 ESCRT-III proteins are known to play roles in ILV formation, IST1 has been associated with a wider range of endosomal remodeling events. Here, we extend previous studies of IST1 function in endosomal trafficking and confirm that IST1, along with its binding partner CHMP1B, contributes to scission of early endosomal carriers. Depleting IST1 impaired delivery of transferrin receptor from early/sorting endosomes to the endocytic recycling compartment and instead increased its rapid recycling to the plasma membrane via peripheral endosomes enriched in the clathrin adaptor AP-1. IST1 is also important for export of mannose 6-phosphate receptor from early/sorting endosomes. Examination of IST1 binding partners on endosomes revealed that IST1 interacts with the MIT domain-containing sorting nexin SNX15, a protein previously reported to regulate endosomal recycling. Our kinetic and spatial analyses establish that SNX15 and IST1 occupy a clathrin-containing subdomain on the endosomal perimeter distinct from those previously implicated in cargo retrieval or degradation. Using live-cell microscopy we see that SNX15 and CHMP1B alternately recruit IST1 to this subdomain or the base of endosomal tubules. These findings indicate that IST1 contributes to a subset of recycling pathways from the early/sorting endosome.
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12
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Wilmes S, Kümmel D. Insights into the role of the membranes in Rab GTPase regulation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 83:102177. [PMID: 37327649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rab GTPases are molecular switches with essential roles in mediating vesicular trafficking and establishing organelle identity. The conversion from the inactive, cytosolic to the membrane-bound, active species and back is tightly controlled by regulatory proteins. Recently, the roles of membrane properties and lipid composition of different target organelles in determining the activity state of Rabs have come to light. The investigation of several Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) has revealed principles of how the recruitment via lipid interactions and the spatial confinement on the membrane surface contribute to spatiotemporal specificity in the Rab GTPase network. This paints an intricate picture of the control mechanisms in Rab activation and highlights the importance of the membrane lipid code in the organization of the endomembrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Wilmes
- University of Münster, Institute of Biochemistry, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Kümmel
- University of Münster, Institute of Biochemistry, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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13
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He Y, Cheng M, Yang R, Li H, Lu Z, Jin Y, Feng J, Tu L. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Nanoparticles Crossing the Intestinal Epithelial Cell Membrane. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1816. [PMID: 37514003 PMCID: PMC10384977 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the stability of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract and their penetration ability in the mucosal layer by implementing a nanoparticle delivery strategy is currently a research focus in the pharmaceutical field. However, for most drugs, nanoparticles failed in enhancing their oral absorption on a large scale (4 folds or above), which hinders their clinical application. Recently, several researchers have proved that the intestinal epithelial cell membrane crossing behaviors of nanoparticles deeply influenced their oral absorption, and relevant reviews were rare. In this paper, we systematically review the behaviors of nanoparticles in the intestinal epithelial cell membrane and mainly focus on their intracellular mechanism. The three key complex intracellular processes of nanoparticles are described: uptake by intestinal epithelial cells on the apical side, intracellular transport and basal side exocytosis. We believe that this review will help scientists understand the in vivo performance of nanoparticles in the intestinal epithelial cell membrane and assist in the design of novel strategies for further improving the bioavailability of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie He
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ruyue Yang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Haocheng Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhiyang Lu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianfang Feng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Liangxing Tu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
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14
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Safaroghli-Azar A, Sanaei MJ, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) classes: From cell signaling to endocytic recycling and autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175827. [PMID: 37269974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid signaling is defined as any biological signaling action in which a lipid messenger binds to a protein target, converting its effects to specific cellular responses. In this complex biological pathway, the family of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) represents a pivotal role and affects many aspects of cellular biology from cell survival, proliferation, and migration to endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, metabolism, and autophagy. While yeasts have a single isoform of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammals possess eight PI3K types divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks have set the stage to widen research interest in the field of cancer biology. The aberrant activation of class I PI3Ks has been identified in 30-50% of human tumors, and activating mutations in PIK3CA is one of the most frequent oncogenes in human cancer. In addition to indirect participation in cell signaling, class II and III PI3Ks primarily regulate vesicle trafficking. Class III PI3Ks are also responsible for autophagosome formation and autophagy flux. The current review aims to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on the latest discoveries regarding PI3Ks-mediated cell biological processes. Also, we unravel the mechanisms by which pools of the same phosphoinositides (PIs) derived from different PI3K types act differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Shafique A, Brughera M, Lualdi M, Alberio T. The Role of Rab Proteins in Mitophagy: Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076268. [PMID: 37047239 PMCID: PMC10094445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and vesicular trafficking alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. It has become clear that pathogenetic pathways leading to neurodegeneration are often interconnected. Indeed, growing evidence suggests a concerted contribution of impaired mitophagy and vesicles formation in the dysregulation of neuronal homeostasis, contributing to neuronal cell death. Among the molecular factors involved in the trafficking of vesicles, Ras analog in brain (Rab) proteins seem to play a central role in mitochondrial quality checking and disposal through both canonical PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and novel alternative pathways. In turn, the lack of proper elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria has emerged as a possible causative/early event in some neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we provide an overview of major findings in recent years highlighting the role of Rab proteins in dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, which are characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. A further effort should be made in the coming years to clarify the sequential order of events and the molecular factors involved in the different processes. A clear cause–effect view of the pathogenetic pathways may help in understanding the molecular basis of neurodegeneration.
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16
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Qiao L, Dong C, Zhang J, Sun G. The expression of Rab5 and its effect on invasion, migration and exosome secretion in triple negative breast cancer. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 27:157-165. [PMID: 36815255 PMCID: PMC9968947 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2023.27.2.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and current therapeutic strategies are limited in their effectiveness. The expressions of Rab5 and the M2 tumor-associated macrophage marker CD163 in tissues were detected by Western blot. The migration and invasion of cells were determined using a Transwell assay. The expressions of the exosome markers were evaluated by Western blot. The polarization of human macrophages (THP-1) was determined by incubation of THP-1 cells with conditioned medium or exosomes collected from MDA-MB-231 cells with indicated transfections or by a coculture system of THP-1 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The M1 and M2 macrophage markers were evaluated by qRT-PCR. The expression of Rab5 in TNBC was significantly higher than that in normal breast tissue. Rab5 expressions in triple-negative and luminal A breast cancer were higher than those in other molecular subtypes. Higher CD163 expression was observed in triple-negative breast cancer and in triple-negative and luminal B subtypes. Rab5 knockdown suppressed but Rab5 overexpression promoted the migration and invasion capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells. The levels of CD63 and CD9 in the medium of Rab5 knockdown cells were lower than those in control cells, whereas higher levels of CD63 and CD9 were observed in Rab5 overexpression cells. Rab5 knockdown decreased the excretion but did not alter the diameter of the exosomes. Knockdown of Rab5 facilitated the anti-tumor polarization of macrophages, which was partially reversed by Rab5 overexpression. Therefore, Rab5 is expected to be a potential therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- Departments of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province 830000, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Departments of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province 830000, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Departments of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province 830000, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Departments of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province 830000, China,Correspondence Gang Sun, E-mail:
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17
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The Roles of Exosomal Proteins: Classification, Function, and Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043061. [PMID: 36834471 PMCID: PMC9961790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosome, a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles, plays diverse roles in various biological processes. As one of the most abundant components of exosomes, exosomal proteins have been revealed to participate in the development of many diseases, such as carcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, neurological disorders, immune responses, cardiovascular diseases, and infection. Thus, understanding the functions and mechanisms of exosomal proteins potentially assists clinical diagnosis and targeted delivery of therapies. However, current knowledge about the function and application of exosomal proteins is still limited. In this review, we summarize the classification of exosomal proteins, and the roles of exosomal proteins in exosome biogenesis and disease development, as well as in the clinical applications.
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18
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Shree A, Sinha M, Verma PK. BAR domain is essential for early endosomal trafficking and dynamics in Ascochyta rabiei. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:49. [PMID: 36685317 PMCID: PMC9845463 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascochyta blight disease is a devastating disease caused by the fungal pathogen Ascochyta rabiei that threatens chickpea production around the globe. Endocytic mechanism has a significant role in fungal growth and virulence. The underlying biology of biogenesis of central component of endocytosis viz Rab5 vesicles, is not completely understood. The involvement of F-BAR domain containing protein (ArF-BAR) in various cellular processes that collectively make ArF-BAR as an important virulence determinant. Here, we report that ArF-BAR is involved in biogenesis and motility of early endosome. In the absence of ArF-BAR gene (Δarf-bar), fungal mutants exhibited reduced number of EGFP coated ArRab5 vesicles, along with the considerable reduction in their dynamics. Here, we show that ArF-BAR interacts with clathrin light chain (ArCLC), specifically with its F-BAR domain. These findings suggests the novel role of ArF-BAR in biogenesis and dynamics of early endosome. Additionally, ArF-BAR is involved in clathrin-mediated mechanism of endocytosis which is required for host infection and disease development. Identification of this pathway offers new impending targets for disease intervention in plants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03451-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Shree
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Manisha Sinha
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
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19
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Abstract
The global prevalences of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus have reached epidemic status, presenting a heavy burden on society. It is therefore essential to find novel mechanisms and targets that could be utilized in potential treatment strategies and, as such, intracellular membrane trafficking has re-emerged as a regulatory tool for controlling metabolic homeostasis. Membrane trafficking is an essential physiological process that is responsible for the sorting and distribution of signalling receptors, membrane transporters and hormones or other ligands between different intracellular compartments and the plasma membrane. Dysregulation of intracellular transport is associated with many human diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, immune deficiencies and metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. This Review focuses on the latest advances on the role of endosomal membrane trafficking in metabolic physiology and pathology in vivo, highlighting the importance of this research field in targeting metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Gilleron
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1065 C3M, Team Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Obesity, Nice, France.
| | - Anja Zeigerer
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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20
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The Possible Role of Chronic Infection in the Etiopathogenesis of a Case of 5q-Syndrome Associated with Tuberculosis and Abnormality of the X Chromosome. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2022; 14:e2022079. [PMID: 36425150 PMCID: PMC9652017 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2022.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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21
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Alfonso-Pérez T, Baonza G, Herranz G, Martín-Belmonte F. Deciphering the interplay between autophagy and polarity in epithelial tubulogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 131:160-172. [PMID: 35641407 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Metazoan complexity arises from a primary building block, the epithelium, which comprises a layer of polarized cells that divide the organism into compartments. Most of these body compartments are organs formed by epithelial tubes that enclose an internal hollow space or lumen. Over the last decades, multiple studies have unmasked the paramount events required to form this lumen de novo. In epithelial cells, these events mainly involve recognizing external clues, establishing and maintaining apicobasal polarity, endo-lysosomal trafficking, and expanding the created lumen. Although canonical autophagy has been classically considered a catabolic process needed for cell survival, multiple studies have also emphasized its crucial role in epithelial polarity, morphogenesis and cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, non-canonical autophagy pathways have been recently discovered as atypical secretory routes. Both canonical and non-canonical pathways play essential roles in epithelial polarity and lumen formation. This review addresses how the molecular machinery for epithelial polarity and autophagy interplay in different processes and how autophagy functions influence lumenogenesis, emphasizing its role in the lumen formation key events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Alfonso-Pérez
- Program of Tissue and Organ Homeostasis, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo, Ochoa", CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain; Ramon & Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Gabriel Baonza
- Program of Tissue and Organ Homeostasis, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo, Ochoa", CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Herranz
- Program of Tissue and Organ Homeostasis, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo, Ochoa", CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain; Ramon & Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Fernando Martín-Belmonte
- Program of Tissue and Organ Homeostasis, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo, Ochoa", CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain; Ramon & Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid 28034, Spain.
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22
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Vps37a regulates hepatic glucose production by controlling glucagon receptor localization to endosomes. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1824-1842.e9. [PMID: 36243006 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
During mammalian energy homeostasis, the glucagon receptor (Gcgr) plays a key role in regulating both glucose and lipid metabolisms. However, the mechanisms by which these distinct signaling arms are differentially regulated remain poorly understood. Using a Cy5-glucagon agonist, we show that the endosomal protein Vps37a uncouples glucose production from lipid usage downstream of Gcgr signaling by altering intracellular receptor localization. Hepatocyte-specific knockdown of Vps37a causes an accumulation of Gcgr in endosomes, resulting in overactivation of the cAMP/PKA/p-Creb signaling pathway to gluconeogenesis without affecting β-oxidation. Shifting the receptor back to the plasma membrane rescues the differential signaling and highlights the importance of the spatiotemporal localization of Gcgr for its metabolic effects. Importantly, since Vps37a knockdown in animals fed with a high-fat diet leads to hyperglycemia, although its overexpression reduces blood glucose levels, these data reveal a contribution of endosomal signaling to metabolic diseases that could be exploited for treatments of type 2 diabetes.
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23
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Ding Y, Xing D, Fei Y, Lu B. Emerging degrader technologies engaging lysosomal pathways. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8832-8876. [PMID: 36218065 PMCID: PMC9620493 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00624c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation (TPD) provides unprecedented opportunities for drug discovery. While the proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology has already entered clinical trials and changed the landscape of small-molecule drugs, new degrader technologies harnessing alternative degradation machineries, especially lysosomal pathways, have emerged and broadened the spectrum of degradable targets. We have recently proposed the concept of autophagy-tethering compounds (ATTECs) that hijack the autophagy protein microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3 (LC3) for targeted degradation. Other groups also reported degrader technologies engaging lysosomal pathways through different mechanisms including AUTACs, AUTOTACs, LYTACs and MoDE-As. In this review, we analyse and discuss ATTECs along with other lysosomal-relevant degrader technologies. Finally, we will briefly summarize the current status of these degrader technologies and envision possible future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yiyan Fei
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Boxun Lu
- Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Weber JJ, Brummett LM, Coca ME, Tabunoki H, Kanost MR, Ragan EJ, Park Y, Gorman MJ. Phenotypic analyses, protein localization, and bacteriostatic activity of Drosophila melanogaster transferrin-1. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 147:103811. [PMID: 35781032 PMCID: PMC9869689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transferrin-1 (Tsf1) is an extracellular insect protein with a high affinity for iron. The functions of Tsf1 are still poorly understood; however, Drosophila melanogaster Tsf1 has been shown to influence iron distribution in the fly body and to protect flies against some infections. The goal of this study was to better understand the physiological functions of Tsf1 in D. melanogaster by 1) investigating Tsf1 null phenotypes, 2) determining tissue-specific localization of Tsf1, 3) measuring the concentration of Tsf1 in hemolymph, 4) testing Tsf1 for bacteriostatic activity, and 5) evaluating the effect of metal and paraquat treatments on Tsf1 abundance. Flies lacking Tsf1 had more iron than wild-type flies in specialized midgut cells that take up iron from the diet; however, the absence of Tsf1 had no effect on the iron content of whole midguts, fat body, hemolymph, or heads. Thus, as previous studies have suggested, Tsf1 appears to have a minor role in iron transport. Tsf1 was abundant in hemolymph from larvae (0.4 μM), pupae (1.4 μM), adult females (4.4 μM) and adult males (22 μM). Apo-Tsf1 at 1 μM had bacteriostatic activity whereas holo-Tsf1 did not, suggesting that Tsf1 can inhibit microbial growth by sequestering iron in hemolymph and other extracellular environments. This hypothesis was supported by detection of secreted Tsf1 in tracheae, testes and seminal vesicles. Colocalization of Tsf1 with an endosome marker in oocytes suggested that Tsf1 may provide iron to developing eggs; however, eggs from mothers lacking Tsf1 had the same amount of iron as control eggs, and they hatched at a wild-type rate. Thus, the primary function of Tsf1 uptake by oocytes may be to defend against infection rather than to provide eggs with iron. In beetles, Tsf1 plays a role in protection against oxidative stress. In contrast, we found that flies lacking Tsf1 had a typical life span and greater resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. In addition, Tsf1 abundance remained unchanged in response to ingestion of iron, cadmium or paraquat or to injection of iron. These results suggest that Tsf1 has a limited role in protection against oxidative stress in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Weber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Lisa M Brummett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Michelle E Coca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Hiroko Tabunoki
- Department of Science of Biological Production, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Michael R Kanost
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Emily J Ragan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80217, USA.
| | - Yoonseong Park
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Maureen J Gorman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
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Yao W, Luo D, Lv Z, Yang Y, Wang L, Ma B, Xue D, Hao C, Zhang Y. The Rabep1-Mediated Endocytosis and Activation of Trypsinogen to Promote Pancreatic Stellate Cell Activation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081063. [PMID: 36008957 PMCID: PMC9406084 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis is still unclear. Trypsinogen activation is an active factor in acute pancreatitis that has not been studied in the occurrence of chronic pancreatitis. Methods: Immunofluorescence was used to detect the location and expression of trypsinogen in chronic pancreatitis and normal tissues. Microarray and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) were used to screen core genes and pathways in pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to verify trypsinogen expression in PSCs after silencing Rabep1. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to validate trypsinogen activation and PSC activation after intervening in the endocytosis pathway. Results: Endocytosed trypsinogen was found in PSCs in CP clinical samples. Bioinformatic analysis showed that Rabep1 is a core gene that regulates trypsinogen endocytosis through the endocytosis pathway, verified by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analyses confirmed the activation of trypsinogen and PSCs through the endocytosis pathway in PSCs. Conclusion: This study discovered a new mechanism by which trypsinogen affects the activation of PSCs and the occurrence and development of CP. Through communication between pancreatic acinar cells and PSCs, trypsinogen can be endocytosed by PSCs and activated by the Rabep1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dankun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhenyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Biao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chenjun Hao
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; (W.Y.); (D.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.Y.); (L.W.); (B.M.); (D.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (Y.Z.)
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Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 Mediates Rab5 Inactivation after DNA Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147827. [PMID: 35887176 PMCID: PMC9319841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parthanatos is programmed cell death mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) after DNA damage. PARP1 acts by catalyzing the transfer of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymers to various nuclear proteins. PAR is subsequently cleaved, generating protein-free PAR polymers, which are translocated to the cytoplasm where they associate with cytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins, altering their functions and leading to cell death. Proteomic studies revealed that several proteins involved in endocytosis bind PAR after PARP1 activation, suggesting endocytosis may be affected by the parthanatos process. Endocytosis is a mechanism for cellular uptake of membrane-impermeant nutrients. Rab5, a small G-protein, is associated with the plasma membrane and early endosomes. Once activated by binding GTP, Rab5 recruits its effectors to early endosomes and regulates their fusion. Here, we report that after DNA damage, PARP1-generated PAR binds to Rab5, suppressing its activity. As a result, Rab5 is dissociated from endosomal vesicles, inhibiting the uptake of membrane-impermeant nutrients. This PARP1-dependent inhibition of nutrient uptake leads to cell starvation and death. It thus appears that this mechanism may represent a novel parthanatos pathway.
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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for immunomodulation and regeneration: a next generation therapeutic tool? Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:580. [PMID: 35787632 PMCID: PMC9252569 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be widely isolated from various tissues including bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, with the potential for self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. There is compelling evidence that the therapeutic effect of MSCs mainly depends on their paracrine action. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are fundamental paracrine effectors of MSCs and play a crucial role in intercellular communication, existing in various body fluids and cell supernatants. Since MSC-derived EVs retain the function of protocells and have lower immunogenicity, they have a wide range of prospective therapeutic applications with advantages over cell therapy. We describe some characteristics of MSC-EVs, and discuss their role in immune regulation and regeneration, with emphasis on the molecular mechanism and application of MSC-EVs in the treatment of fibrosis and support tissue repair. We also highlight current challenges in the clinical application of MSC-EVs and potential ways to overcome the problem of quality heterogeneity.
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28
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Vps33B controls Treg cell suppressive function through inhibiting lysosomal nutrient sensing complex-mediated mTORC1 activation. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110943. [PMID: 35705052 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The suppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells is tightly controlled by nutrient-fueled mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, yet its dynamics and negative regulation remain unclear. Here we show that Treg-specific depletion of vacuolar protein sorting 33B (Vps33B) in mice results in defective Treg cell suppressive function and acquisition of effector phenotype, which in turn leads to disturbed T cell homeostasis and boosted antitumor immunity. Mechanistically, Vps33B binds with lysosomal nutrient-sensing complex (LYNUS) and promotes late endosome and lysosome fusion and clearance of the LYNUS-containing late endosome/lysosome, and therefore suppresses mTORC1 activation. Vps33B deficiency in Treg cells results in disordered endosome lysosome fusion, which leads to accumulation of LYNUS that causes elevated mTORC1 activation and hyper-glycolytic metabolism. Taken together, our study reveals that Vps33B maintains Treg cell suppressive function through sustaining endolysosomal homeostasis and therefore restricting amino acid-licensed mTORC1 activation and metabolism.
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29
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Paul F, Ng C, Mohamad Sahari UB, Nafissi S, Nilipoor Y, Tavasoli AR, Bonnard C, Wong PM, Nabavizadeh N, Altunoğlu U, Estiar MA, Majoie CB, Lee H, Nelson SF, Gan-Or Z, Rouleau GA, Van Veldhoven PP, Massie R, Hennekam RC, Kariminejad A, Reversade B. RABENOSYN separation-of-function mutations uncouple endosomal recycling from lysosomal degradation, causing a distinct Mendelian Disorder. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3729-3740. [PMID: 35652444 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabenosyn (RBSN) is a conserved endosomal protein necessary for regulating internalized cargo. Here, we present clinical, genetic, cellular and biochemical evidence that two distinct RBSN missense variants are responsible for a novel Mendelian disorder consisting of progressive muscle weakness, facial dysmorphisms, ophthalmoplegia and intellectual disability. Using exome sequencing, we identified recessively-acting germline alleles p.Arg180Gly and p.Gly183Arg which are both situated in the FYVE domain of RBSN. We find that these variants abrogate binding to its cognate substrate PI3P and thus prevent its translocation to early endosomes. Although the endosomal recycling pathway was unaltered, mutant p.Gly183Arg patient fibroblasts exhibit accumulation of cargo tagged for lysosomal degradation. Our results suggest that these variants are separation-of-function alleles, which cause a delay in endosomal maturation without affecting cargo recycling. We conclude that distinct germline mutations in RBSN cause non-overlapping phenotypes with specific and discrete endolysosomal cellular defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Paul
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Calista Ng
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Umar Bin Mohamad Sahari
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yalda Nilipoor
- Pediatric Pathology Research Centre, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Tavasoli
- Myelin Disorders Clinic, Pediatric Neurology Division, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Carine Bonnard
- Model Development, A*STAR Skin Research Labs (ASRL), Singapore
| | - Pui-Mun Wong
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Nasrinsadat Nabavizadeh
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR, Singapore
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Altunoğlu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehrdad A Estiar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Charles B Majoie
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hane Lee
- 3billion Inc., Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stanley F Nelson
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paul P Van Veldhoven
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions (LIPIT), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rami Massie
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Raoul C Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bruno Reversade
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore
- Laboratory of Human Genetics & Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR, Singapore
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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De Rosa L, Fasano D, Zerillo L, Valente V, Izzo A, Mollo N, Amodio G, Polishchuk E, Polishchuk R, Melone MAB, Criscuolo C, Conti A, Nitsch L, Remondelli P, Pierantoni GM, Paladino S. Down Syndrome Fetal Fibroblasts Display Alterations of Endosomal Trafficking Possibly due to SYNJ1 Overexpression. Front Genet 2022; 13:867989. [PMID: 35646085 PMCID: PMC9136301 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.867989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal trafficking is essential for cellular homeostasis. At the crossroads of distinct intracellular pathways, the endolysosomal system is crucial to maintain critical functions and adapt to the environment. Alterations of endosomal compartments were observed in cells from adult individuals with Down syndrome (DS), suggesting that the dysfunction of the endosomal pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis of DS. However, the nature and the degree of impairment, as well as the timing of onset, remain elusive. Here, by applying imaging and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that the structure and dynamics of early endosomes are altered in DS cells. Furthermore, we found that recycling trafficking is markedly compromised in these cells. Remarkably, our results in 18–20 week-old human fetal fibroblasts indicate that alterations in the endolysosomal pathway are already present early in development. In addition, we show that overexpression of the polyphosphoinositide phosphatase synaptojanin 1 (Synj1) recapitulates the alterations observed in DS cells, suggesting a role for this lipid phosphatase in the pathogenesis of DS, likely already early in disease development. Overall, these data strengthen the link between the endolysosomal pathway and DS, highlighting a dangerous liaison among Synj1, endosomal trafficking and DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Rosa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Dominga Fasano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Zerillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Mollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Amodio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Criscuolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive, and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Conti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Nitsch
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore,” National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Remondelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanna Maria Pierantoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Simona Paladino, ; Giovanna Maria Pierantoni,
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Simona Paladino, ; Giovanna Maria Pierantoni,
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Gao J, Nicastro R, Péli-Gulli MP, Grziwa S, Chen Z, Kurre R, Piehler J, De Virgilio C, Fröhlich F, Ungermann C. The HOPS tethering complex is required to maintain signaling endosome identity and TORC1 activity. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213121. [PMID: 35404387 PMCID: PMC9011323 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202109084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells is essential for cellular homeostasis during growth and proliferation. Previous work showed that a central regulator of growth, namely the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1), binds both membranes of vacuoles and signaling endosomes (SEs) that are distinct from multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Interestingly, the endosomal TORC1, which binds membranes in part via the EGO complex, critically defines vacuole integrity. Here, we demonstrate that SEs form at a branch point of the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways toward the vacuole and depend on MVB biogenesis. Importantly, function of the HOPS tethering complex is essential to maintain the identity of SEs and proper endosomal and vacuolar TORC1 activities. In HOPS mutants, the EGO complex redistributed to the Golgi, which resulted in a partial mislocalization of TORC1. Our study uncovers that SE function requires a functional HOPS complex and MVBs, suggesting a tight link between trafficking and signaling along the endolysosomal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Gao
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Raffaele Nicastro
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Sophie Grziwa
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Zilei Chen
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Rainer Kurre
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytic Osnabrück (CellNanOs), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytic Osnabrück (CellNanOs), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biophysics Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Claudio De Virgilio
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Florian Fröhlich
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytic Osnabrück (CellNanOs), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Molecular Membrane Biology Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Christian Ungermann
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytic Osnabrück (CellNanOs), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
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32
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Nassari S, Lacarrière-Keïta C, Lévesque D, Boisvert FM, Jean S. Rab21 in enterocytes participates in intestinal epithelium maintenance. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar32. [PMID: 35171715 PMCID: PMC9250356 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-03-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking is defined as the vesicular transport of proteins into, out of, and throughout the cell. In intestinal enterocytes, defects in endocytic/recycling pathways result in impaired function and are linked to diseases. However, how these trafficking pathways regulate intestinal tissue homeostasis is poorly understood. Using the Drosophila intestine as an in vivo system, we investigated enterocyte-specific functions for the early endosomal machinery. We focused on Rab21, which regulates specific steps in early endosomal trafficking. Depletion of Rab21 in enterocytes led to abnormalities in intestinal morphology, with deregulated cellular equilibrium associated with a gain in mitotic cells and increased cell death. Increases in apoptosis and Yorkie signaling were responsible for compensatory proliferation and tissue inflammation. Using an RNAi screen, we identified regulators of autophagy and membrane trafficking that phenocopied Rab21 knockdown. We further showed that Rab21 knockdown-induced hyperplasia was rescued by inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. Moreover, quantitative proteomics identified proteins affected by Rab21 depletion. Of these, we validated changes in apolipoprotein ApoLpp and the trehalose transporter Tret1-1, indicating roles for enterocyte Rab21 in lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis, respectively. Our data shed light on an important role for early endosomal trafficking, and Rab21, in enterocyte-mediated intestinal epithelium maintenance. [Media: see text] [Media: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Nassari
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Camille Lacarrière-Keïta
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Dominique Lévesque
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - François-Michel Boisvert
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Steve Jean
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
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Casey CA, Macke AJ, Gough RR, Pachikov AN, Morris ME, Thomes PG, Kubik JL, Holzapfel MS, Petrosyan A. Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury: Down-regulation and Redistribution of Rab3D Results in Atypical Protein Trafficking. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:374-388. [PMID: 34494400 PMCID: PMC8793998 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work from our laboratories has identified multiple defects in endocytosis, protein trafficking, and secretion, along with altered Golgi function after alcohol administration. Manifestation of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is associated with an aberrant function of several hepatic proteins, including asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R), their atypical distribution at the plasma membrane (PM), and secretion of their abnormally glycosylated forms into the bloodstream, but trafficking mechanism is unknown. Here we report that a small GTPase, Rab3D, known to be involved in exocytosis, secretion, and vesicle trafficking, shows ethanol (EtOH)-impaired function, which plays an important role in Golgi disorganization. We used multiple approaches and cellular/animal models of ALD, along with Rab3D knockout (KO) mice and human tissue from patients with ALD. We found that Rab3D resides primarily in trans- and cis-faces of Golgi; however, EtOH treatment results in Rab3D redistribution from trans-Golgi to cis-medial-Golgi. Cells lacking Rab3D demonstrate enlargement of Golgi, especially its distal compartments. We identified that Rab3D is required for coat protein I (COPI) vesiculation in Golgi, and conversely, COPI is critical for intra-Golgi distribution of Rab3D. Rab3D/COPI association was altered not only in the liver of patients with ALD but also in the donors consuming alcohol without steatosis. In Rab3D KO mice, hepatocytes experience endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and EtOH administration activates apoptosis. Notably, in these cells, ASGP-R, despite incomplete glycosylation, can still reach cell surface through ER-PM junctions. This mimics the effects seen with EtOH-induced liver injury. Conclusion: We revealed that down-regulation of Rab3D contributes significantly to EtOH-induced Golgi disorganization, and abnormally glycosylated ASGP-R is excreted through ER-PM connections, bypassing canonical (ER→Golgi→PM) anterograde transportation. This suggests that ER-PM sites may be a therapeutic target for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A. Casey
- Department of Research ServiceOmaha Western Iowa Health Care System, VA ServiceOmahaNEUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Amanda J. Macke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Ryan R. Gough
- Department of Research ServiceOmaha Western Iowa Health Care System, VA ServiceOmahaNEUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Artem N. Pachikov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Mary E. Morris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Paul G. Thomes
- Department of Research ServiceOmaha Western Iowa Health Care System, VA ServiceOmahaNEUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Jacy L. Kubik
- Department of Research ServiceOmaha Western Iowa Health Care System, VA ServiceOmahaNEUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Melissa S. Holzapfel
- Department of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Armen Petrosyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterOmahaNEUSA
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Stochastic Model of Virus–Endosome Fusion and Endosomal Escape of pH-Responsive Nanoparticles. MATHEMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/math10030375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we set up a stochastic model for the dynamics of active Rab5 and Rab7 proteins on the surface of endosomes and the acidification process that govern the virus–endosome fusion and endosomal escape of pH-responsive nanoparticles. We employ a well-known cut-off switch model for Rab5 to Rab7 conversion dynamics and consider two random terms: white Gaussian and Poisson noises with zero mean. We derive the governing equations for the joint probability density function for the endosomal pH, Rab5 and Rab7 proteins. We obtain numerically the marginal density describing random fluctuations of endosomal pH. We calculate the probability of having a pH level inside the endosome below a critical threshold and therefore the percentage of viruses and pH-responsive nanoparticles escaping endosomes. Our results are in good qualitative agreement with experimental data on viral escape.
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Xu Y, Hu Y, Xu S, Liu F, Gao Y. Exosomal microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents for Acute Ischemic Stroke: New Expectations. Front Neurol 2022; 12:747380. [PMID: 35173663 PMCID: PMC8842672 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.747380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality rates of ischemic stroke (IS) are very high, and IS constitutes one of the main causes of disability and death worldwide. The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke includes excitotoxicity, calcium overload, oxygen radical injury, inflammatory reactions, necrosis/apoptosis, destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and other pathologic processes. Recent studies have shown that exosomes are critical to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebral infarctions resulting from ischemic stroke; and there is growing interest in the role of exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of IS. Exosomes from central nervous system cells can be found in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral bodily fluids, and exosomal contents have been reported to change with disease occurrence. Exosomes are small membranous extracellular vesicles (EVs), 30–150 nm in diameter, that are released from the cell membrane into the depressions that arise from the membranes of multivesicular bodies. Exosomes carry lipids, proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) and transport information to target cells. This exosomal transfer of functional mRNAs/miRNAs and proteins ultimately affects transcription and translation within recipient cells. Exosomes are EVs with a double-membrane structure that protects them from ribonucleases in the blood, allowing exosomal miRNAs to be more stable and to avoid degradation. New evidence shows that exosomes derived from neural cells, endothelial cells, and various stem cells create a fertile environment that supports the proliferation and growth of neural cells and endothelial cells, inhibits apoptosis and inflammatory responses, and promotes angiogenesis. In the present review, we discuss how circulating exosomes—and exosomal miRNAs in particular—may provide novel strategies for the early diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke via their potential as non-invasive biomarkers and drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Xu
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Gao
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Smirnova VV, Shestakova ED, Nogina DS, Mishchenko PA, Prikazchikova TA, Zatsepin TS, Kulakovskiy IV, Shatsky IN, Terenin IM. Ribosomal leaky scanning through a translated uORF requires eIF4G2. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:1111-1127. [PMID: 35018467 PMCID: PMC8789081 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
eIF4G2 (DAP5 or Nat1) is a homologue of the canonical translation initiation factor eIF4G1 in higher eukaryotes but its function remains poorly understood. Unlike eIF4G1, eIF4G2 does not interact with the cap-binding protein eIF4E and is believed to drive translation under stress when eIF4E activity is impaired. Here, we show that eIF4G2 operates under normal conditions as well and promotes scanning downstream of the eIF4G1-mediated 40S recruitment and cap-proximal scanning. Specifically, eIF4G2 facilitates leaky scanning for a subset of mRNAs. Apparently, eIF4G2 replaces eIF4G1 during scanning of 5′ UTR and the necessity for eIF4G2 only arises when eIF4G1 dissociates from the scanning complex. In particular, this event can occur when the leaky scanning complexes interfere with initiating or elongating 80S ribosomes within a translated uORF. This mechanism is therefore crucial for higher eukaryotes which are known to have long 5′ UTRs with highly frequent uORFs. We suggest that uORFs are not the only obstacle on the way of scanning complexes towards the main start codon, because certain eIF4G2 mRNA targets lack uORF(s). Thus, higher eukaryotes possess two distinct scanning complexes: the principal one that binds mRNA and initiates scanning, and the accessory one that rescues scanning when the former fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria V Smirnova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Ekaterina D Shestakova
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Daria S Nogina
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Polina A Mishchenko
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | | | - Timofei S Zatsepin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow 121205, Russia.,Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan V Kulakovskiy
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia.,Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan N Shatsky
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Ilya M Terenin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.,Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Olimpiyskiy ave. b.1, 354349, Russia
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Abstract
Phosphoinositides are signalling lipids derived from phosphatidylinositol, a ubiquitous phospholipid in the cytoplasmic leaflet of eukaryotic membranes. Initially discovered for their roles in cell signalling, phosphoinositides are now widely recognized as key integrators of membrane dynamics that broadly impact on all aspects of cell physiology and on disease. The past decade has witnessed a vast expansion of our knowledge of phosphoinositide biology. On the endocytic and exocytic routes, phosphoinositides direct the inward and outward flow of membrane as vesicular traffic is coupled to the conversion of phosphoinositides. Moreover, recent findings on the roles of phosphoinositides in autophagy and the endolysosomal system challenge our view of lysosome biology. The non-vesicular exchange of lipids, ions and metabolites at membrane contact sites in between organelles has also been found to depend on phosphoinositides. Here we review our current understanding of how phosphoinositides shape and direct membrane dynamics to impact on cell physiology, and provide an overview of emerging concepts in phosphoinositide regulation.
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Bertović I, Kurelić R, Mahmutefendić Lučin H, Jurak Begonja A. Early Endosomal GTPase Rab5 (Ras-Related Protein in Brain 5) Regulates GPIbβ (Glycoprotein Ib Subunit β) Trafficking and Platelet Production In Vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e10-e26. [PMID: 34732055 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maturation of megakaryocytes culminates with extensive membrane rearrangements necessary for proplatelet formation. Mechanisms required for proplatelet extension and origin of membranes are still poorly understood. GTPase Rab5 (Ras-related protein in brain 5) regulates endocytic uptake and homotypic fusion of early endosomes and regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate production important for binding of effector proteins during early-to-late endosomal/lysosomal maturation. Approach and Results: To investigate the role of Rab5 in megakaryocytes, we expressed GFP (green fluorescent protein)-coupled Rab5 wild type and its point mutants Q79L (active) and N133L (inactive) in primary murine fetal liver-derived megakaryocytes. Active Rab5 Q79L induced the formation of enlarged early endosomes, while inactive Rab5 N133L caused endosomal fragmentation. Consistently, an increased amount of transferrin internalization in Rab5 Q79L was impaired in Rab5 N133L expressing megakaryocytes, when compared with GFP or Rab5 wild type. Moreover, trafficking of GPIbβ (glycoprotein Ib subunit beta), a subunit of major megakaryocytes receptor and membrane marker, was found to be mediated by Rab5 activity. While GPIbβ was mostly present along the plasma membrane, and within cytoplasmic vesicles in Rab5 wild type megakaryocytes, it accumulated in the majority of Rab5 Q79L enlarged endosomes. Conversely, Rab5 N133L caused mostly GPIbβ plasma membrane retention. Furthermore, Rab5 Q79L expression increased incorporation of the membrane dye (PKH26), indicating higher membrane content. Finally, while Rab5 Q79L increased proplatelet production, inactive Rab5 N133L strongly inhibited it and was coupled with a decrease in late endosomes/lysosomes. Localization of GPIbβ in enlarged endosomes was phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate dependent. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results demonstrate that Rab5-dependent endocytosis plays an important role in megakaryocytes receptor trafficking, membrane formation, and thrombopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Bertović
- Department of Biotechnology (I.B., R.K., A.J.B), University of Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Roberta Kurelić
- Department of Biotechnology (I.B., R.K., A.J.B), University of Rijeka, Croatia
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Hatoyama Y, Homma Y, Hiragi S, Fukuda M. Establishment and analysis of conditional Rab1- and Rab5-knockout cells using the auxin-inducible degron system. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:273782. [PMID: 34817057 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two small GTPases, Rab1 and Rab5, are key membrane trafficking regulators that are conserved in all eukaryotes. They have recently been found to be essential for cell survival and/or growth in cultured mammalian cells, thereby precluding the establishment of Rab1-knockout (KO) and Rab5-KO cells, making it extremely difficult to assess the impact of complete Rab1 or Rab5 protein depletion on cellular functions. Here, we generated and analyzed cell lines with conditional KO (CKO) of either Rab1 (Rab1A and Rab1B) or Rab5 (Rab5A, Rab5B and Rab5C) by using the auxin-inducible protein degradation system. Rab1 CKO and Rab5 CKO led to eventual cell death from 18 h and 48 h, respectively, after auxin exposure. After acute Rab1 protein depletion, the Golgi stack and ribbon structures were completely disrupted, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi trafficking was severely inhibited. Moreover, we discovered a novel Rab1-depletion phenotype: perinuclear clustering of early endosomes and delayed transferrin recycling. In contrast, acute Rab5 protein depletion resulted in loss of early endosomes and late endosomes, but lysosomes appeared to be normal. We also observed a dramatic reduction in the intracellular signals of endocytic cargos via receptor-mediated or fluid-phase endocytosis in Rab5-depleted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hatoyama
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuta Homma
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shu Hiragi
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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40
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Rizwan MN, Ma Y, Nenkov M, Jin L, Schröder DC, Westermann M, Gaßler N, Chen Y. Tumor-derived exosomes: Key players in non-small cell lung cancer metastasis and their implication for targeted therapy. Mol Carcinog 2021; 61:269-280. [PMID: 34897815 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes represent extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin ranging from 30 to 100 nm that are released by most of eukaryotic cells and can be found in body fluids. These vesicles in carrying DNA, RNA, microRNA (miRNA), Long noncoding RNA, proteins, and lipids serve as intercellular communicators. Due to their role in crosstalk between tumor cells and mesenchymal stroma cells, they are vital for tumor growth, progression, and anticancer drug resistance. Lung cancer is a global leading cause of cancer-related deaths with 5-year survival rates of about 7% in patients with distant metastasis. Although the implementation of targeted therapy has improved the clinical outcome of nonsmall cell lung cancer, drug resistance remains a major obstacle. Lung tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) conveying molecular information from tumor cells to their neighbor cells or cells at distant sites of the body activate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and facilitate tumor metastasis. Exosomal miRNAs are also considered as noninvasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung cancer. This review summarizes the influence of lung TDEs on the TME and metastasis. Their involvement in targeted therapy resistance and potential clinical applications are discussed. Additionally, challenges encountered in the development of exosome-based therapeutic strategies are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noor Rizwan
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Yunxia Ma
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Miljana Nenkov
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Lai Jin
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Desiree Charlotte Schröder
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Westermann
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Gaßler
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Yuan Chen
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Rao XS, Cong XX, Gao XK, Shi YP, Shi LJ, Wang JF, Ni CY, He MJ, Xu Y, Yi C, Meng ZX, Liu J, Lin P, Zheng LL, Zhou YT. AMPK-mediated phosphorylation enhances the auto-inhibition of TBC1D17 to promote Rab5-dependent glucose uptake. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3214-3234. [PMID: 34045668 PMCID: PMC8630067 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of glucose homeostasis contributes to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Whilst exercise stimulated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an important energy sensor, has been highlighted for its potential to promote insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, the underlying mechanisms for this remain largely unknown. Here we found that AMPK positively regulates the activation of Rab5, a small GTPase which is involved in regulating Glut4 translocation, in both myoblasts and skeletal muscles. We further verified that TBC1D17, identified as a potential interacting partner of Rab5 in our recent study, is a novel GTPase activating protein (GAP) of Rab5. TBC1D17-Rab5 axis regulates transport of Glut1, Glut4, and transferrin receptor. TBC1D17 interacts with Rab5 or AMPK via its TBC domain or N-terminal 1-306 region (N-Ter), respectively. Moreover, AMPK phosphorylates the Ser 168 residue of TBC1D17 which matches the predicted AMPK consensus motif. N-Ter of TBC1D17 acts as an inhibitory region by directly interacting with the TBC domain. Ser168 phosphorylation promotes intra-molecular interaction and therefore enhances the auto-inhibition of TBC1D17. Our findings reveal that TBC1D17 acts as a molecular bridge that links AMPK and Rab5 and delineate a previously unappreciated mechanism by which the activation of TBC/RabGAP is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Sheng Rao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xia Cong
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiu Kui Gao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Pu Shi
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Jing Shi
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Feng Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Yao Ni
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991The School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Ming Jie He
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingke Xu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Yi
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Xian Meng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Pulmonology, the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Lin
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Ling Zheng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of General Intensive Care Unit of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ting Zhou
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XZJU-UoE Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Pathophysiological Potentials of NRF3-Regulated Transcriptional Axes in Protein and Lipid Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312686. [PMID: 34884489 PMCID: PMC8657584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF3 (NFE2L3) belongs to the CNC-basic leucine zipper transcription factor family. An NRF3 homolog, NRF1 (NFE2L1), induces the expression of proteasome-related genes in response to proteasome inhibition. Another homolog, NRF2 (NFE2L2), induces the expression of genes related to antioxidant responses and encodes metabolic enzymes in response to oxidative stress. Dysfunction of each homolog causes several diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer development. However, NRF3 target genes and their biological roles remain unknown. This review summarizes our recent reports that showed NRF3-regulated transcriptional axes for protein and lipid homeostasis. NRF3 induces the gene expression of POMP for 20S proteasome assembly and CPEB3 for NRF1 translational repression, inhibiting tumor suppression responses, including cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, with resistance to a proteasome inhibitor anticancer agent bortezomib. NRF3 also promotes mevalonate biosynthesis by inducing SREBP2 and HMGCR gene expression, and reduces the intracellular levels of neural fatty acids by inducing GGPS1 gene expression. In parallel, NRF3 induces macropinocytosis for cholesterol uptake by inducing RAB5 gene expression. Finally, this review mentions not only the pathophysiological aspects of these NRF3-regulated axes for cancer cell growth and anti-obesity potential but also their possible role in obesity-induced cancer development.
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Marsal M, Hernández-Vega A, Pouille PA, Martin-Blanco E. Rab5ab-Mediated Yolk Cell Membrane Endocytosis Is Essential for Zebrafish Epiboly and Mechanical Equilibrium During Gastrulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:697097. [PMID: 34778246 PMCID: PMC8585776 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.697097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphogenesis in early embryos demands the coordinated distribution of cells and tissues to their final destination in a spatio-temporal controlled way. Spatial and scalar differences in adhesion and contractility are essential for these morphogenetic movements, while the role that membrane remodeling may play remains less clear. To evaluate how membrane turnover modulates tissue arrangements we studied the role of endocytosis in zebrafish epiboly. Experimental analyses and modeling have shown that the expansion of the blastoderm relies on an asymmetry of mechanical tension in the yolk cell generated as a result of actomyosin-dependent contraction and membrane removal. Here we show that the GTPase Rab5ab is essential for the endocytosis and the removal of the external yolk cell syncytial layer (E-YSL) membrane. Interfering in its expression exclusively in the yolk resulted in the reduction of yolk cell actomyosin contractility, the disruption of cortical and internal flows, a disequilibrium in force balance and epiboly impairment. We conclude that regulated membrane remodeling is crucial for directing cell and tissue mechanics, preserving embryo geometry and coordinating morphogenetic movements during epiboly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marsal
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amayra Hernández-Vega
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe-Alexandre Pouille
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Martin-Blanco
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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44
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Trofimenko E, Homma Y, Fukuda M, Widmann C. The endocytic pathway taken by cationic substances requires Rab14 but not Rab5 and Rab7. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109945. [PMID: 34731620 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis and endosome dynamics are controlled by proteins of the small GTPase Rab family. Besides possible recycling routes to the plasma membrane and various organelles, previously described endocytic pathways (e.g., clathrin-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, CLIC/GEEC pathway) all appear to funnel the endocytosed material to Rab5-positive early endosomes that then mature into Rab7-positive late endosomes/lysosomes. By studying the uptake of a series of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), we identify an endocytic pathway that moves material to nonacidic Lamp1-positive late endosomes. Trafficking via this endocytic route is fully independent of Rab5 and Rab7 but requires the Rab14 protein. The pathway taken by CPPs differs from the conventional Rab5-dependent endocytosis at the stage of vesicle formation already, as it is not affected by a series of compounds that inhibit macropinocytosis or clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The Rab14-dependent pathway is also used by physiological cationic molecules such as polyamines and homeodomains found in homeoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya Trofimenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yuta Homma
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Christian Widmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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45
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Waku T, Hagiwara T, Tamura N, Atsumi Y, Urano Y, Suzuki M, Iwami T, Sato K, Yamamoto M, Noguchi N, Kobayashi A. NRF3 upregulates gene expression in SREBP2-dependent mevalonate pathway with cholesterol uptake and lipogenesis inhibition. iScience 2021; 24:103180. [PMID: 34667945 PMCID: PMC8506969 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids, such as cholesterol and fatty acids, influence cell signaling, energy storage, and membrane formation. Cholesterol is biosynthesized through the mevalonate pathway, and aberrant metabolism causes metabolic diseases. The genetic association of a transcription factor NRF3 with obesity has been suggested, although the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that NRF3 upregulates gene expression in SREBP2-dependent mevalonate pathway. We further reveal that NRF3 overexpression not only reduces lanosterol, a cholesterol precursor, but also induces the expression of the GGPS1 gene encoding an enzyme in the production of GGPP from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), a lanosterol precursor. NRF3 overexpression also enhances cholesterol uptake through RAB5-mediated macropinocytosis process, a bulk and fluid-phase endocytosis pathway. Moreover, we find that GGPP treatment abolishes NRF3 knockdown-mediated increase of neutral lipids. These results reveal the potential roles of NRF3 in the SREBP2-dependent mevalonate pathway for cholesterol uptake through macropinocytosis induction and for lipogenesis inhibition through GGPP production. NRF3 upregulates gene expression of enzymes in the mevalonate pathway NRF3 induces SREBP2 gene expression and interacts with active SREBP2 proteins NRF3 reduces neutral lipid levels through GGPS1-mediated GGPP production NRF3 enhances cholesterol uptake through RAB5-mediated macropinocytosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Waku
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Toru Hagiwara
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Natsuko Tamura
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yuri Atsumi
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Urano
- Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Mikiko Suzuki
- Center for Radioisotope Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Takuya Iwami
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Katsuya Sato
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Noriko Noguchi
- Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Akira Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan.,Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
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46
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Glycans in autophagy, endocytosis and lysosomal functions. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:625-647. [PMID: 34390447 PMCID: PMC8497297 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycans have been shown to function as versatile molecular signals in cells. This prompted us to look at their roles in endocytosis, endolysosomal system and autophagy. We start by introducing the cell biological aspects of these pathways, the concept of the sugar code, and provide an overview on the role of glycans in the targeting of lysosomal proteins and in lysosomal functions. Moreover, we review evidence on the regulation of endocytosis and autophagy by glycans. Finally, we discuss the emerging concept that cytosolic exposure of luminal glycans, and their detection by endogenous lectins, provides a mechanism for the surveillance of the integrity of the endolysosomal compartments, and serves their eventual repair or disposal.
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47
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Belicova L, Repnik U, Delpierre J, Gralinska E, Seifert S, Valenzuela JI, Morales-Navarrete HA, Franke C, Räägel H, Shcherbinina E, Prikazchikova T, Koteliansky V, Vingron M, Kalaidzidis YL, Zatsepin T, Zerial M. Anisotropic expansion of hepatocyte lumina enforced by apical bulkheads. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212522. [PMID: 34328499 PMCID: PMC8329733 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumen morphogenesis results from the interplay between molecular pathways and mechanical forces. In several organs, epithelial cells share their apical surfaces to form a tubular lumen. In the liver, however, hepatocytes share the apical surface only between adjacent cells and form narrow lumina that grow anisotropically, generating a 3D network of bile canaliculi (BC). Here, by studying lumenogenesis in differentiating mouse hepatoblasts in vitro, we discovered that adjacent hepatocytes assemble a pattern of specific extensions of the apical membrane traversing the lumen and ensuring its anisotropic expansion. These previously unrecognized structures form a pattern, reminiscent of the bulkheads of boats, also present in the developing and adult liver. Silencing of Rab35 resulted in loss of apical bulkheads and lumen anisotropy, leading to cyst formation. Strikingly, we could reengineer hepatocyte polarity in embryonic liver tissue, converting BC into epithelial tubes. Our results suggest that apical bulkheads are cell-intrinsic anisotropic mechanical elements that determine the elongation of BC during liver tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Belicova
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Urska Repnik
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julien Delpierre
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elzbieta Gralinska
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Seifert
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Franke
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Helin Räägel
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Nelson Laboratories LLC, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | - Martin Vingron
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Timofei Zatsepin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marino Zerial
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
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48
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Gudi R, Palanisamy V, Vasu C. Centrosomal P4.1-associated protein (CPAP) positively regulates endocytic vesicular transport and lysosome targeting of EGFR. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12689. [PMID: 34135376 PMCID: PMC8209166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosomal P4.1-associated protein (CPAP) plays a critical role in restricting the centriole length in human cells. Here, we report a novel, positive regulatory influence for CPAP on endocytic vesicular transport (EVT) and lysosome targeting of internalized-cell surface receptor EGFR. We observed that higher CPAP levels cause an increase in the abundance of multi-vesicular body (MVB) and EGFR is detectable in CPAP-overexpression induced puncta. The surface and cellular levels of EGFR are higher under CPAP deficiency and lower under CPAP overexpression. While ligand-engagement induced internalization or routing of EGFR into early endosomes is not influenced by cellular levels of CPAP, we found that targeting of ligand-activated, internalized EGFR to lysosome is impacted by CPAP levels. Transport of ligand-bound EGFR from early endosome to late endosome/MVB and lysosome is diminished in CPAP-depleted cells. Moreover, CPAP depleted cells appear to show a diminished ability to form MVB structures upon EGFR activation. These observations suggest a positive regulatory effect of CPAP on EVT of ligand-bound EGFR-like cell surface receptors to MVB and lysosome. Overall, identification of a non-centriolar function of CPAP in endocytic trafficking provides new insights in understanding the non-canonical cellular functions of CPAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Gudi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Viswanathan Palanisamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Chenthamarakshan Vasu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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49
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Sinha M, Shree A, Singh K, Kumar K, Singh SK, Kumar V, Verma PK. Modulation of fungal virulence through CRZ1 regulated F-BAR-dependent actin remodeling and endocytosis in chickpea infecting phytopathogen Ascochyta rabiei. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009137. [PMID: 33999937 PMCID: PMC8158962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polarized hyphal growth of filamentous pathogenic fungi is an essential event for host penetration and colonization. The long-range early endosomal trafficking during hyphal growth is crucial for nutrient uptake, sensing of host-specific cues, and regulation of effector production. Bin1/Amphiphysin/Rvs167 (BAR) domain-containing proteins mediate fundamental cellular processes, including membrane remodeling and endocytosis. Here, we identified a F-BAR domain protein (ArF-BAR) in the necrotrophic fungus Ascochyta rabiei and demonstrate its involvement in endosome-dependent fungal virulence on the host plant Cicer arietinum. We show that ArF-BAR regulates endocytosis at the hyphal tip, localizes to the early endosomes, and is involved in actin dynamics. Functional studies involving gene knockout and complementation experiments reveal that ArF-BAR is necessary for virulence. The loss-of-function of ArF-BAR gene results in delayed formation of apical septum in fungal cells near growing hyphal tip that is crucial for host penetration, and impaired secretion of a candidate effector having secretory signal peptide for translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The mRNA transcripts of ArF-BAR were induced in response to oxidative stress and infection. We also show that ArF-BAR is able to tubulate synthetic liposomes, suggesting the functional role of F-BAR domain in membrane tubule formation in vivo. Further, our studies identified a stress-induced transcription factor, ArCRZ1 (Calcineurin-responsive zinc finger 1), as key transcriptional regulator of ArF-BAR expression. We propose a model in which ArCRZ1 functions upstream of ArF-BAR to regulate A. rabiei virulence through a mechanism that involves endocytosis, effector secretion, and actin cytoskeleton regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Sinha
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Shree
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Kunal Singh
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shreenivas Kumar Singh
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Vimlesh Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER-Bhopal), Bhauri, Bhopal, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: ,
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50
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Torrino S, Tiroille V, Dolfi B, Dufies M, Hinault C, Bonesso L, Dagnino S, Uhler J, Irondelle M, Gay AS, Fleuriot L, Debayle D, Lacas-Gervais S, Cormont M, Bertero T, Bost F, Gilleron J, Clavel S. UBTD1 regulates ceramide balance and endolysosomal positioning to coordinate EGFR signaling. eLife 2021; 10:68348. [PMID: 33884955 PMCID: PMC8118655 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To adapt in an ever-changing environment, cells must integrate physical and chemical signals and translate them into biological meaningful information through complex signaling pathways. By combining lipidomic and proteomic approaches with functional analysis, we have shown that ubiquitin domain-containing protein 1 (UBTD1) plays a crucial role in both the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) self-phosphorylation and its lysosomal degradation. On the one hand, by modulating the cellular level of ceramides through N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 (ASAH1) ubiquitination, UBTD1 controls the ligand-independent phosphorylation of EGFR. On the other hand, UBTD1, via the ubiquitination of Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) by RNF26 and endolysosome positioning, participates in the lysosomal degradation of EGFR. The coordination of these two ubiquitin-dependent processes contributes to the control of the duration of the EGFR signal. Moreover, we showed that UBTD1 depletion exacerbates EGFR signaling and induces cell proliferation emphasizing a hitherto unknown function of UBTD1 in EGFR-driven human cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Torrino
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Targeting prostate cancer cell metabolism, Nice, France
| | - Victor Tiroille
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Targeting prostate cancer cell metabolism, Nice, France
| | - Bastien Dolfi
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Metabolism and cancer, Nice, France
| | - Maeva Dufies
- Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Charlotte Hinault
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Targeting prostate cancer cell metabolism, Nice, France.,Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital, Nice, France
| | | | - Sonia Dagnino
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial CollegeLondon, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Uhler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mireille Cormont
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Obesity and Diabetes, Nice, France
| | | | - Frederic Bost
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Targeting prostate cancer cell metabolism, Nice, France
| | - Jerome Gilleron
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Obesity and Diabetes, Nice, France
| | - Stephan Clavel
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Team Targeting prostate cancer cell metabolism, Nice, France
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