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Jiang Y, Liu P, Qiu Z, Zhou M, Cheng M, Yang T. The U.S. FDA approved cardiovascular drugs from 2011 to 2023: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116593. [PMID: 38889609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A total of 28 new molecular entities (NMEs) were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases from 2011 to 2023. Approximately 25 % of the medications were sanctioned for the management of diverse vascular disorders. The other major therapeutic areas of focus included antilipemic agents (15 %), blood pressure disease (11 %), heart failure, hyperkalemia, and cardiomyopathy (7-8% each). Among all the approved drugs, there are a total of 22 new chemical entities (NCEs), including inhibitors, agonists, polymers, and inorganic compounds. In addition to NCEs, 6 biological agents (BLAs), including monoclonal antibodies, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and antisense oligonucleotides, have also obtained approval for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. From this perspective, approved NCEs are itemized and discussed based on their disease, targets, chemical classes, major drug metabolites, and biochemical and pharmacological properties. Systematic analysis has been conducted to examine the binding modes of these approved drugs with their targets using cocrystal structure information or docking studies to provide valuable insights for designing next-generation agents. Furthermore, the synthetic approaches employed in the creation of these drug molecules have been emphasized, aiming to inspire the development of novel, efficient, and applicable synthetic methodologies. Generally, the primary objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive examination of the clinical applications, pharmacology, binding modes, and synthetic methodologies employed in small-molecule drugs approved for treating CVD. This will facilitate the development of more potent and innovative therapeutics for effectively managing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Jiang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Cardiovascular Surgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pingxian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengdi Cheng
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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2
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Isu UH, Polasa A, Moradi M. Differential Behavior of Conformational Dynamics in Active and Inactive States of Cannabinoid Receptor 1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.17.589939. [PMID: 38659869 PMCID: PMC11042334 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.589939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The cannabinoid receptor CB1 is a G protein-coupled receptor that regulates critical physiological processes including pain, appetite, and cognition. Understanding the conformational dynamics of CB1 associated with transitions between inactive and active signaling states is imperative for developing targeted modulators. Using microsecond-level all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we identified marked differences in the conformational ensembles of inactive and active CB1 states in apo conditions. The inactive state exhibited substantially increased structural heterogeneity and plasticity compared to the more rigidified active state in the absence of stabilizing ligands. Transmembrane helices TM3 and TM7 were identified as distinguishing factors modulating the state-dependent dynamics. TM7 displayed amplified fluctuations selectively in the inactive state simulations attributed to disruption of conserved electrostatic contacts anchoring it to surrounding helices in the active state. Additionally, we identified significant reorganization of key salt bridge and hydrogen bond networks known to control CB1 activation between states. For instance, a conserved D213-Y224 hydrogen bond and D184-K192 salt bridge interactions showed marked rearrangements between the states. Collectively, these findings reveal the specialized role of TM7 in directing state-dependent CB1 dynamics through electrostatic switch mechanisms. By elucidating the intrinsic enhanced flexibility of inactive CB1, this study provides valuable insights into the conformational landscape enabling functional transitions. Our perspective advances understanding of CB1 activation mechanisms and offers opportunities for structure-based drug discovery targeting the state-specific conformational dynamics of this receptor.
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3
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Pirona L, Ballabio F, Alfonso-Prieto M, Capelli R. Calcium-Driven In Silico Inactivation of a Human Olfactory Receptor. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:2971-2978. [PMID: 38523266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Conformational changes as well as molecular determinants related to the activation and inactivation of olfactory receptors are still poorly understood due to the intrinsic difficulties in the structural determination of this GPCR family. Here, we perform, for the first time, the in silico inactivation of human olfactory receptor OR51E2, highlighting the possible role of calcium in this receptor state transition. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that a divalent ion in the ion binding site, coordinated by two acidic residues at positions 2.50 and 3.39 conserved across most ORs, stabilizes the receptor in its inactive state. In contrast, protonation of the same two acidic residues is not sufficient to drive inactivation within the microsecond timescale of our simulations. Our findings suggest a novel molecular mechanism for OR inactivation, potentially guiding experimental validation and offering insights into the possible broader role of divalent ions in GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Pirona
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Ballabio
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mercedes Alfonso-Prieto
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, D-54248 Jülich, Germany
| | - Riccardo Capelli
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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4
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Li X, Kurahara LH, Zhao Z, Zhao F, Ishikawa R, Ohmichi K, Li G, Yamashita T, Hashimoto T, Hirano M, Sun Z, Hirano K. Therapeutic Effect of Proteinase-Activated Receptor-1 Antagonist on Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 18:105-131. [PMID: 38614455 PMCID: PMC11127032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with carcinogenesis, which limits the prognosis of the patients. The local expression of proteinases and proteinase-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) increases in inflammatory bowel disease. The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of PAR1 antagonism on colitis-associated carcinogenesis. METHODS A colitis-associated carcinogenesis model was prepared in mice by treatment with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). PAR1 antagonist E5555 was administered in long- and short-term protocol, starting on the day of AOM injection and 1 week after completing AOM/DSS treatment, respectively. The fecal samples were collected for metagenome analysis of gut microbiota. The intestinal myofibroblasts of the Crohn's disease patients were used to elucidate underlying cellular mechanisms. Caco-2 cells were used to investigate a possible source of PAR1 agonist proteinases. RESULTS AOM/DSS model showed weight loss, diarrhea, tumor development, inflammation, fibrosis, and increased production of inflammatory cytokines. The β-diversity, but not α-diversity, of microbiota significantly differed between AOM/DSS and control mice. E5555 alleviated these pathological changes and altered the microbiota β-diversity in AOM/DSS mice. The thrombin expression was up-regulated in tumor and non-tumor areas, whereas PAR1 mRNA expression was higher in tumor areas compared with non-tumor areas. E5555 inhibited thrombin-triggered elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, as well as IL6-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in intestinal myofibroblasts. Caco-2 cell-conditioned medium contained immunoreactive thrombin, which cleaved the recombinant protein containing the extracellular domain of PAR1 at the thrombin cleavage site. CONCLUSIONS PAR1 antagonism is proposed to be a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and its associated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Lin-Hai Kurahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Feiyan Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ryo Ishikawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Ohmichi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Mayumi Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Katsuya Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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5
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Smith S, Cassada JB, Von Bredow L, Erreger K, Webb EM, Trombley TA, Kalbfleisch JJ, Bender BJ, Zagol-Ikapitte I, Kramlinger VM, Bouchard JL, Mitchell SG, Tretbar M, Shoichet BK, Lindsley CW, Meiler J, Hamm HE. Discovery of Protease-Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4)-Tethered Ligand Antagonists Using Ultralarge Virtual Screening. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1086-1100. [PMID: 38633591 PMCID: PMC11020070 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate a structure-based small molecule virtual screening and lead optimization pipeline using a homology model of a difficult-to-drug G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) target. Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is activated by thrombin cleavage, revealing a tethered ligand that activates the receptor, making PAR4 a challenging target. A virtual screen of a make-on-demand chemical library yielded a one-hit compound. From the single-hit compound, we developed a novel series of PAR4 antagonists. Subsequent lead optimization via simultaneous virtual library searches and structure-based rational design efforts led to potent antagonists of thrombin-induced activation. Interestingly, this series of antagonists was active against PAR4 activation by the native protease thrombin cleavage but not the synthetic PAR4 agonist peptide AYPGKF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon
T. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jackson B. Cassada
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Lukas Von Bredow
- Warren
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37067, United States
- Institute
for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical
School, Leipzig 04109, Germany
| | - Kevin Erreger
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Emma M. Webb
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Trevor A. Trombley
- Warren
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Jacob J. Kalbfleisch
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Warren
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Brian J. Bender
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Irene Zagol-Ikapitte
- Warren
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Valerie M. Kramlinger
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Warren
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Jacob L. Bouchard
- Warren
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Sidnee G. Mitchell
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Maik Tretbar
- Institute
for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical
School, Leipzig 04109, Germany
| | - Brian K. Shoichet
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Warren
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Institute
for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical
School, Leipzig 04109, Germany
| | - Heidi E. Hamm
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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6
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Chen J, Gou Q, Chen X, Song Y, Zhang F, Pu X. Exploring biased activation characteristics by molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning for the μ-opioid receptor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10698-10710. [PMID: 38512140 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05050e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Biased ligands selectively activating specific downstream signaling pathways (termed as biased activation) exhibit significant therapeutic potential. However, the conformational characteristics revealed are very limited for the biased activation, which is not conducive to biased drug development. Motivated by the issue, we combine extensive accelerated molecular dynamics simulations and an interpretable deep learning model to probe the biased activation features for two complex systems constructed by the inactive μOR and two different biased agonists (G-protein-biased agonist TRV130 and β-arrestin-biased agonist endomorphin2). The results indicate that TRV130 binds deeper into the receptor core compared to endomorphin2, located between W2936.48 and D1142.50, and forms hydrogen bonding with D1142.50, while endomorphin2 binds above W2936.48. The G protein-biased agonist induces greater outward movements of the TM6 intracellular end, forming a typical active conformation, while the β-arrestin-biased agonist leads to a smaller extent of outward movements of TM6. Compared with TRV130, endomorphin2 causes more pronounced inward movements of the TM7 intracellular end and more complex conformational changes of H8 and ICL1. In addition, important residues determining the two different biased activation states were further identified by using an interpretable deep learning classification model, including some common biased activation residues across Class A GPCRs like some key residues on the TM2 extracellular end, ECL2, TM5 intracellular end, TM6 intracellular end, and TM7 intracellular end, and some specific important residues of ICL3 for μOR. The observations will provide valuable information for understanding the biased activation mechanism for GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Qiaoling Gou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yuanpeng Song
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Fuhui Zhang
- Graduate School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xuemei Pu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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7
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Hashemzadeh M, Haseefa F, Peyton L, Shadmehr M, Niyas AM, Patel A, Krdi G, Movahed MR. A comprehensive review of the ten main platelet receptors involved in platelet activity and cardiovascular disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2023; 13:168-188. [PMID: 38223314 PMCID: PMC10784121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death worldwide. Although there are many variables that contribute to the development of this disease, it is predominantly the activity of platelets that provides the mechanisms by which this disease prevails. While there are numerous platelet receptors expressed on the surface of platelets, it is largely the consensus that there are 10 main platelet receptors that contribute to a majority of platelet function. Understanding these key platelet receptors is vitally important for patients suffering from myocardial infarction, CVD, and many other diseases that arise due to overactivation or mutations of these receptors. The goal of this manuscript is to review the main platelet receptors that contribute most to platelet activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Hashemzadeh
- University of Arizona College of MedicinePhoenix, AZ, USA
- Pima CollegeTucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Lee Peyton
- Pima CollegeTucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and ScienceRochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Aamir Patel
- University of Arizona College of MedicinePhoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ghena Krdi
- University of Arizona College of MedicinePhoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mohammad Reza Movahed
- University of Arizona College of MedicinePhoenix, AZ, USA
- University of ArizonaTucson, AZ, USA
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8
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Pan X, Ye F, Ning P, Zhang Z, Li X, Zhang B, Wang Q, Chen G, Gao W, Qiu C, Wu Z, Li J, Zhu L, Xia J, Gong K, Du Y. Structural insights into ligand recognition and selectivity of the human hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor HCAR2. Cell Discov 2023; 9:118. [PMID: 38012147 PMCID: PMC10682194 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2) belongs to the family of class A G protein-coupled receptors with key roles in regulating lipolysis and free fatty acid formation in humans. It is deeply involved in many pathophysiological processes and serves as an attractive target for the treatment of cardiovascular, neoplastic, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. Here, we report four cryo-EM structures of human HCAR2-Gi1 complexes with or without agonists, including the drugs niacin (2.69 Å) and acipimox (3.23 Å), the highly subtype-specific agonist MK-6892 (3.25 Å), and apo form (3.28 Å). Combined with molecular dynamics simulation and functional analysis, we have revealed the recognition mechanism of HCAR2 for different agonists and summarized the general pharmacophore features of HCAR2 agonists, which are based on three key residues R1113.36, S17945.52, and Y2847.43. Notably, the MK-6892-HCAR2 structure shows an extended binding pocket relative to other agonist-bound HCAR2 complexes. In addition, the key residues that determine the ligand selectivity between the HCAR2 and HCAR3 are also illuminated. Our findings provide structural insights into the ligand recognition, selectivity, activation, and G protein coupling mechanism of HCAR2, which shed light on the design of new HCAR2-targeting drugs for greater efficacy, higher selectivity, and fewer or no side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pan
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Ye
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiruo Ning
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Binghao Zhang
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Geng Chen
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhangsong Wu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiancheng Li
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lizhe Zhu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Kaizheng Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Du
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Ramos-Gonzalez N, Paul B, Majumdar S. IUPHAR themed review: Opioid efficacy, bias, and selectivity. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106961. [PMID: 37844653 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Drugs acting at the opioid receptor family are clinically used to treat chronic and acute pain, though they represent the second line of treatment behind GABA analogs, antidepressants and SSRI's. Within the opioid family mu and kappa opioid receptor are commonly targeted. However, activation of the mu opioid receptor has side effects of constipation, tolerance, dependence, euphoria, and respiratory depression; activation of the kappa opioid receptor leads to dysphoria and sedation. The side effects of mu opioid receptor activation have led to mu receptor drugs being widely abused with great overdose risk. For these reasons, newer safer opioid analgesics are in high demand. For many years a focus within the opioid field was finding drugs that activated the G protein pathway at mu opioid receptor, without activating the β-arrestin pathway, known as biased agonism. Recent advances have shown that this may not be the way forward to develop safer analgesics at mu opioid receptor, though there is still some promise at the kappa opioid receptor. Here we discuss recent novel approaches to develop safer opioid drugs including efficacy vs bias and fine-tuning receptor activation by targeting sub-pockets in the orthosteric site, we explore recent works on the structural basis of bias, and we put forward the suggestion that Gα subtype selectivity may be an exciting new area of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nokomis Ramos-Gonzalez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Barnali Paul
- Department of Anesthesiology and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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10
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Xia A, Yong X, Zhang C, Lin G, Jia G, Zhao C, Wang X, Hao Y, Wang Y, Zhou P, Yang X, Deng Y, Wu C, Chen Y, Zhu J, Tang X, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Xu Z, Hu Q, Zhao J, Yue Y, Yan W, Su Z, Wei Y, Zhou R, Dong H, Shao Z, Yang S. Cryo-EM structures of human GPR34 enable the identification of selective antagonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308435120. [PMID: 37733739 PMCID: PMC10523607 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308435120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR34 is a functional G-protein-coupled receptor of Lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), and has pathogenic roles in numerous diseases, yet remains poorly targeted. We herein report a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of GPR34 bound with LysoPS (18:1) and Gi protein, revealing a unique ligand recognition mode with the negatively charged head group of LysoPS occupying a polar cavity formed by TM3, 6 and 7, and the hydrophobic tail of LysoPS residing in a lateral open hydrophobic groove formed by TM3-5. Virtual screening and subsequent structural optimization led to the identification of a highly potent and selective antagonist (YL-365). Design of fusion proteins allowed successful determination of the challenging cryo-EM structure of the inactive GPR34 complexed with YL-365, which revealed the competitive binding of YL-365 in a portion of the orthosteric binding pocket of GPR34 and the antagonist-binding-induced allostery in the receptor, implicating the inhibition mechanism of YL-365. Moreover, YL-365 displayed excellent activity in a neuropathic pain model without obvious toxicity. Collectively, this study offers mechanistic insights into the endogenous agonist recognition and antagonist inhibition of GPR34, and provides proof of concept that targeting GPR34 represents a promising strategy for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xihao Yong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Changbin Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Guowen Jia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yize Hao
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xiaodi Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yuting Yue
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zhaoming Su
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Haohao Dong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Frontier Medical Center Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan610212, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Frontier Medical Center Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan610212, China
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11
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Suzuki S, Tanaka K, Nishikawa K, Suzuki H, Oshima A, Fujiyoshi Y. Structural basis of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor signaling mechanisms through ligand binding. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5899. [PMID: 37736747 PMCID: PMC10516952 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors (HCA) are expressed in various tissues and immune cells. HCA2 and its agonist are thus important targets for treating inflammatory and metabolic disorders. Only limited information is available, however, on the active-state binding of HCAs with agonists. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of human HCA2-Gi and HCA3-Gi signaling complexes binding with multiple compounds bound. Agonists were revealed to form a salt bridge with arginine, which is conserved in the HCA family, to activate these receptors. Extracellular regions of the receptors form a lid-like structure that covers the ligand-binding pocket. Although transmembrane (TM) 6 in HCAs undergoes dynamic conformational changes, ligands do not directly interact with amino acids in TM6, suggesting that indirect signaling induces a slight shift in TM6 to activate Gi proteins. Structural analyses of agonist-bound HCA2 and HCA3 together with mutagenesis and molecular dynamics simulation provide molecular insights into HCA ligand recognition and activation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Suzuki
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanaka
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kouki Nishikawa
- Joint Research Course for Advanced Biomolecular Characterization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsunori Oshima
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu City, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiyoshi
- TMDU Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Wang SM, Wang YF, Huang L, Zheng LS, Nian H, Zheng YT, Yao H, Jiang W, Wang X, Yang LP. Chiral recognition of neutral guests by chiral naphthotubes with a bis-thiourea endo-functionalized cavity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5645. [PMID: 37704639 PMCID: PMC10499783 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing chiral receptors with an endo-functionalized cavity for chiral recognition is of great significance in the field of molecular recognition. This study presents two pairs of chiral naphthotubes containing a bis-thiourea endo-functionalized cavity. Each chiral naphthotube has two homochiral centers which were fixed adjacent to the thiourea groups, causing the skeleton and thiourea groups to twist enantiomerically through chiral transfer. These chiral naphthotubes are highly effective at enantiomerically recognizing various neutral chiral molecules with an enantioselectivity up to 17.0. Furthermore, the mechanism of the chiral recognition has been revealed to be originated from differences in multiple non-covalent interactions. Various factors, such as the shape of cavities, substituents of guests, flexibility of host and binding modes are demonstrated to contribute to creating differences in the non-covalent interactions. Additionally, the driving force behind enantioselectivity is mainly attributed to enthalpic differences, and enthalpy -entropy compensation has also been observed to influence enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Meng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan-Fang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li-Shuo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hao Nian
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yu-Tao Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huan Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Liu-Pan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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13
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Kapur B, Baldessari F, Lazaratos M, Nar H, Schnapp G, Giorgetti A, Bondar AN. Protons taken hostage: Dynamic H-bond networks of the pH-sensing GPR68. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4370-4384. [PMID: 37711190 PMCID: PMC10498176 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton-sensing G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) sense changes in the extracellular pH to effect cell signaling for cellular homeostasis. They tend to be overexpressed in solid tumors associated with acidic extracellular pH, and are of direct interest as drug targets. How proton-sensing GPCRs sense extracellular acidification and activate upon protonation change is important to understand, because it may guide the design of therapeutics. Lack of publicly available experimental structures make it challenging to discriminate between conflicting mechanisms proposed for proton-binding, as main roles have been assigned to either an extracellular histidine cluster or to an internal carboxylic triad. Here we present a protocol to derive and evaluate structural models of the proton-sensing GPR68. This approach integrates state-of-the-art homology modeling with microsecond-timescale atomistic simulations, and with a detailed assessment of the compatibility of the structural models with known structural features of class A GPCRs. To decipher structural elements of potential interest for protonation-coupled conformational changes of GPR68, we used the best-compatible model as a starting point for independent atomistic simulations of GPR68 with different protonation states, and graph computations to characterize the response of GPR68 to changes in protonation. We found that GPR68 hosts an extended hydrogen-bond network that inter-connects the extracellular histidine cluster to the internal carboxylic triad, and which can even reach groups at the cytoplasmic G-protein binding site. Taken together, results suggest that GPR68 relies on dynamic, hydrogen-bond networks to inter-connect extracellular and internal proton-binding sites, and to elicit conformational changes at the cytoplasmic G-protein binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhav Kapur
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Straße 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riß, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Michalis Lazaratos
- Department of Physics, Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Herbert Nar
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Straße 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Gisela Schnapp
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Straße 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Alejandro Giorgetti
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (IAS-5/INM-9), Computational Biomedicine, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52525 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ana-Nicoleta Bondar
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (IAS-5/INM-9), Computational Biomedicine, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52525 Jülich, Germany
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Str. Atomiştilor 405, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
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14
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Künze G, Isermann B. Targeting biased signaling by PAR1: function and molecular mechanism of parmodulins. Blood 2023; 141:2675-2684. [PMID: 36952648 PMCID: PMC10646804 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023019775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is a therapeutic target that was originally pursued with the aim of restricting platelet activation and the burden of cardiovascular diseases. In clinical studies, the use of orthosteric PAR1 inhibitors was associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage, including intracranial hemorrhage. Because (1) PAR1 is expressed by various cell types, including endothelial cells, (2) conveys in mice a physiological indispensable function for vascular development during embryogenesis, and (3) is subject to biased signaling dependent on the activating proteases, orthosteric PAR1 inhibition may be associated with unwanted side effects. Alternatively, the protease-activated protein C (aPC) and its variants can promote valuable anti-inflammatory signaling via PAR1. Most recently, small molecule allosteric modulators of PAR1 signaling, called parmodulins, have been developed. Parmodulins inhibit coagulation and platelet activation yet maintain cytoprotective effects typically provoked by PAR1 signaling upon the activation by aPC. In this study, we review the discovery of parmodulins and their preclinical data, summarize the current knowledge about their mode of action, and compare the structural interaction of parmodulin and PAR1 with that of other intracellularly binding allosteric GPCR modulators. Thus, we highlight the pharmaceutical potential and challenges associated with the future development of parmodulins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Künze
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Agrawal A, Kulkarni GT. Topical application of aerial portion of Acalypha indica Linn ameliorates psoriasis in rodents: Evidences from in vivo and in silico studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116685. [PMID: 37236382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHANOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acalypha indica Linn. is a weed, used traditionally for different skin diseases such as eczema and dermatitis in various parts of India. There are no previous in vivo studies reported on the antipsoriatic potential of this medicinal plant. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate antipsoriatic activity of coconut oil dispersion of aerial portion of Acalypha indica Linn. Few lipid-soluble phytoconstituents of this plantwere subjected to molecular docking studies on different targets to determine phytoconstituent responsible for antipsoriatic activity. METHODS Virgin coconut oil dispersion of aerial portion of the plant was prepared by mixing three parts of coconut oil and one part of powdered aerial portion. The acute dermal toxicity was determined according to OECD guidelines. Mouse tail model was used to evaluate the antipsoriatic activity. Molecular docking of phytoconstituents was carried out using Biovia Discovery Studio. RESULTS In acute dermal toxicity study,the coconut oil dispersion was found to be safe up to the dose of 20000 mg/kg. The dispersion exhibited significant antipsoriatic activity (p < 0.01) at the dose of 250 mg/kg; at 500 mg/kg dose, the activity was similar that of 250 mg/kg dose. In the docking study of the phytoconstituents, 2-methyl anthraquinone was found to be responsible for antipsoriatic activity. CONCLUSION This study provides new evidence of Acalypha indica Linn as antipsoriatic plant and justifies its traditional use. Computational studies also endorse the results obtained via acute dermal toxicity study and mouse tail model for evaluation of antipsoriatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Agrawal
- School of Pharmacy, ITM University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474 001, India; Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 007, India; Department of Pharmacology, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, Dist. Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 090, India.
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16
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Renna SA, McKenzie SE, Michael JV. Species Differences in Platelet Protease-Activated Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098298. [PMID: 37176005 PMCID: PMC10179473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a class of integral membrane proteins that are cleaved by a variety of proteases, most notably thrombin, to reveal a tethered ligand and promote activation. PARs are critical mediators of platelet function in hemostasis and thrombosis, and therefore are attractive targets for anti-platelet therapies. Animal models studying platelet PAR physiology have relied heavily on genetically modified mouse strains, which have provided ample insight but have some inherent limitations. The current review aims to summarize the notable PAR expression and functional differences between the mouse and human, in addition to highlighting some recently developed tools to further study human physiology in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Renna
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Steven E McKenzie
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - James V Michael
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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17
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Inukai S, Katayama K, Koyanagi M, Terakita A, Kandori H. Counterion at an atypical position: Investigating the mechanism of photoisomerization in jellyfish rhodopsin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104726. [PMID: 37094700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The position of the counterion in animal rhodopsins plays a crucial role in maintaining visible light sensitivity and facilitating the photoisomerization of their retinal chromophore. The counterion displacement is thought to be closely related to the evolution of rhodopsins, with different positions found in invertebrates and vertebrates. Interestingly, box jellyfish rhodopsin (JelRh) acquired the counterion in transmembrane 2 (TM2) independently. This is a unique feature, as in most animal rhodopsins, the counterion is found in a different location. In this study, we used Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy to examine the structural changes that occur in the early photointermediate state of JelRh. We aimed to determine whether the photochemistry of JelRh is similar to that of other animal rhodopsins by comparing its spectra to those of vertebrate bovine rhodopsin (BovRh) and invertebrate squid rhodopsin (SquRh). We observed that the N-D stretching band of the retinal Schiff base was similar to that of BovRh, indicating the interaction between the Schiff base and the counterion is similar in both rhodopsins, despite their different counterion positions. Furthermore, we found that the chemical structure of the retinal in JelRh is similar to that in BovRh, including the changes in the hydrogen-out-of-plane band that indicates a retinal distortion. Overall, the protein conformational changes induced by the photoisomerization of JelRh yielded spectra that resemble an intermediate between BovRh and SquRh, suggesting a unique spectral property of JelRh, and making it the only animal rhodopsin with a counterion in TM2 and an ability to activate Gs protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Inukai
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kota Katayama
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; OptoBioTechnology Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Mitsumasa Koyanagi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Akihisa Terakita
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Kandori
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; OptoBioTechnology Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
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18
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Vinay CM, Mehta CH, Bhat C, Kamath A, B Joshi M, Paul B, Nayak UY, Rai PS. Integrated LC-MS/MS and network pharmacology approach for predictingactive ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of Tribulus terrestris L. against cardiac diseases. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:11930-11945. [PMID: 37042962 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2199076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris L. (Gokshura) is a medicinal herb used for treating cardiac diseases and several other diseases. However, the active ingredients and the possible mechanism of action for treating cardiac diseases remain unclear. Hence, the study was designed to identify the active ingredients and to explore the potential mechanism of action of Tribulus terrestris L. for treating cardiac diseases by an integrated approach of metabolomics and network pharmacology. We performed HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis to identify putative compounds and network pharmacology approach for predictive key targets and pathways. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, we identified the active ingredients in Tribulus terrestris L. that can act as putative lead compounds to treat cardiac diseases. A total of 55 putative compounds were identified using methanolic extract of Tribulus terrestris L. using HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis. Network pharmacology analysis predicted 32 human protein targets from 25 secondary metabolites, which have shown direct interaction with cardiac diseases. Based on the degrees of interaction, the hub targets such as TACR1, F2, F2R, ADRA1B, CHRM5, ADRA1A, ADRA1D, HTR2B, and AVPR1A were identified. In silico molecular docking and simulation resulted in the identification of active ingredients such as Kaempferol 3-rutinoside 7-glucuronide, Keioside, rutin, moupinamide, aurantiamide, quercetin-3-o-α-rhamnoside, tribuloside, and 3'',6''- Di-O-p-coumaroyltrifolin against hub protein targets. Hence, these compounds could be potential lead compounds for treating cardiac diseases. A further assessment of its efficacy can be made based on in vivo and in vitro studies for better understanding and strong assertion.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chigateri M Vinay
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Chetan Hasmukh Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrakanth Bhat
- Department of Dravyaguna, Muniyal Institute of Ayurveda Medical Sciences, Manipal, India
| | - Archana Kamath
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Bobby Paul
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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19
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Li Z, Liu J, Dong F, Chang N, Huang R, Xia M, Patterson TA, Hong H. Three-Dimensional Structural Insights Have Revealed the Distinct Binding Interactions of Agonists, Partial Agonists, and Antagonists with the µ Opioid Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087042. [PMID: 37108204 PMCID: PMC10138646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The United States is experiencing the most profound and devastating opioid crisis in history, with the number of deaths involving opioids, including prescription and illegal opioids, continuing to climb over the past two decades. This severe public health issue is difficult to combat as opioids remain a crucial treatment for pain, and at the same time, they are also highly addictive. Opioids act on the opioid receptor, which in turn activates its downstream signaling pathway that eventually leads to an analgesic effect. Among the four types of opioid receptors, the µ subtype is primarily responsible for the analgesic cascade. This review describes available 3D structures of the µ opioid receptor in the protein data bank and provides structural insights for the binding of agonists and antagonists to the receptor. Comparative analysis on the atomic details of the binding site in these structures was conducted and distinct binding interactions for agonists, partial agonists, and antagonists were observed. The findings in this article deepen our understanding of the ligand binding activity and shed some light on the development of novel opioid analgesics which may improve the risk benefit balance of existing opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Li
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Fan Dong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Nancy Chang
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - Ruili Huang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tucker A Patterson
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Huixiao Hong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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20
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Yang Y, Kang HJ, Gao R, Wang J, Han GW, DiBerto JF, Wu L, Tong J, Qu L, Wu Y, Pileski R, Li X, Zhang XC, Zhao S, Kenakin T, Wang Q, Stevens RC, Peng W, Roth BL, Rao Z, Liu ZJ. Structural insights into the human niacin receptor HCA2-G i signalling complex. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1692. [PMID: 36973264 PMCID: PMC10043007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2) agonist niacin has been used as treatment for dyslipidemia for several decades albeit with skin flushing as a common side-effect in treated individuals. Extensive efforts have been made to identify HCA2 targeting lipid lowering agents with fewer adverse effects, despite little being known about the molecular basis of HCA2 mediated signalling. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the HCA2-Gi signalling complex with the potent agonist MK-6892, along with crystal structures of HCA2 in inactive state. These structures, together with comprehensive pharmacological analysis, reveal the ligand binding mode and activation and signalling mechanisms of HCA2. This study elucidates the structural determinants essential for HCA2 mediated signalling and provides insights into ligand discovery for HCA2 and related receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ruogu Gao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Gye Won Han
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Lijie Wu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Lu Qu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yiran Wu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ryan Pileski
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xuemei Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuejun Cai Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Suwen Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Terry Kenakin
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Quan Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | | | - Wei Peng
- Innovation Center for Pathogen Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, China.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, and NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
| | - Zihe Rao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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21
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Li S, Wang W, Lin L, Yang L, Cai Y, Yang X, Zhang T, Xiao C, Yan H, Gao N, Zhao J. Oligosaccharide Blocks PAR1 (Proteinase-Activated Receptor 1)-PAR4-Mediated Platelet Activation by Binding to Thrombin Exosite II and Impairs Thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:253-266. [PMID: 36519467 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inappropriate activation and aggregation of platelets can lead to arterial thrombosis. Thrombin is the most potent platelet agonist that activates human platelets via two PARs (proteinase-activated receptors), PAR1 and PAR4. The aim is to study the activity and mechanism of an oligosaccharide HS-11 (the undecasaccharide, derived from sea cucumber Holothuria fuscopunctata) in inhibiting thrombin-mediated platelet activation and aggregation and to evaluate its antithrombotic activity. METHODS Platelet activation was analyzed by detecting CD62P/P-selectin expression using flow cytometry. The HS-11-thrombin interaction and the binding site were studied by biolayer interferometry. Intracellular Ca2+ mobilization of platelets was measured by FLIPR Tetra System using Fluo-4 AM (Fluo-4 acetoxymethyl). Platelet aggregation, thrombus formation, and bleeding Assay were assessed. RESULTS An oligosaccharide HS-11, depolymerized from fucosylated glycosaminoglycan from sea cucumber Holothuria fuscopunctata blocks the interaction of thrombin with PAR1 and PAR4 complex by directly binding to thrombin exosite II, and completely inhibits platelet signal transduction, including intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and protein phosphorylation. Furthermore, HS-11 potently inhibits thrombin-PARs-mediated platelet aggregation and reduces thrombus formation in a model of ex vivo thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS The study firstly report that the fucosylated glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharide has antiplatelet activity by binding to thrombin exosite II, and demonstrates that thrombin exosite II plays an important role in the simultaneous activation of PAR1 and PAR4, which may be a potential antithrombotic target for effective treatment of arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.).,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (S.L., W.W., L.L., Y.C., T.Z.)
| | - Weili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.).,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (S.L., W.W., L.L., Y.C., T.Z.)
| | - Lisha Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.).,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (S.L., W.W., L.L., Y.C., T.Z.)
| | - Lian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.)
| | - Ying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.).,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (S.L., W.W., L.L., Y.C., T.Z.)
| | - Xingzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.)
| | - Taocui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.).,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (S.L., W.W., L.L., Y.C., T.Z.)
| | - Chuang Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, China (C.X.)
| | - Hui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.)
| | - Na Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (N.G., J.Z.)
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (S.L., W.W., L.L., L.Y., Y.C., X.Y., T.Z., H.Y., J.Z.).,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (N.G., J.Z.)
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22
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Dmitrieva DA, Kotova TV, Safronova NA, Sadova AA, Dashevskii DE, Mishin AV. Protein Design Strategies for the Structural–Functional Studies of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:S192-S226. [PMID: 37069121 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923140110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an important family of membrane proteins responsible for many physiological functions in human body. High resolution GPCR structures are required to understand their molecular mechanisms and perform rational drug design, as GPCRs play a crucial role in a variety of diseases. That is difficult to obtain for the wild-type proteins because of their low stability. In this review, we discuss how this problem can be solved by using protein design strategies developed to obtain homogeneous stabilized GPCR samples for crystallization and cryoelectron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A Dmitrieva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Kotova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Nadezda A Safronova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Sadova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Dmitrii E Dashevskii
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexey V Mishin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.
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23
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Peach CJ, Edgington-Mitchell LE, Bunnett NW, Schmidt BL. Protease-activated receptors in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:717-785. [PMID: 35901239 PMCID: PMC9662810 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00044.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteases are signaling molecules that specifically control cellular functions by cleaving protease-activated receptors (PARs). The four known PARs are members of the large family of G protein-coupled receptors. These transmembrane receptors control most physiological and pathological processes and are the target of a large proportion of therapeutic drugs. Signaling proteases include enzymes from the circulation; from immune, inflammatory epithelial, and cancer cells; as well as from commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Advances in our understanding of the structure and function of PARs provide insights into how diverse proteases activate these receptors to regulate physiological and pathological processes in most tissues and organ systems. The realization that proteases and PARs are key mediators of disease, coupled with advances in understanding the atomic level structure of PARs and their mechanisms of signaling in subcellular microdomains, has spurred the development of antagonists, some of which have advanced to the clinic. Herein we review the discovery, structure, and function of this receptor system, highlight the contribution of PARs to homeostatic control, and discuss the potential of PAR antagonists for the treatment of major diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe J Peach
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Laura E Edgington-Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Brian L Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York
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24
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Insights into divalent cation regulation and G 13-coupling of orphan receptor GPR35. Cell Discov 2022; 8:135. [PMID: 36543774 PMCID: PMC9772185 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous ions play important roles in the function and pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with limited atomic evidence. In addition, compared with G protein subtypes Gs, Gi/o, and Gq/11, insufficient structural evidence is accessible to understand the coupling mechanism of G12/13 protein by GPCRs. Orphan receptor GPR35, which is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and is closely related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), stands out as a prototypical receptor for investigating ionic modulation and G13 coupling. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of G13-coupled GPR35 bound to an anti-allergic drug, lodoxamide. This structure reveals a novel divalent cation coordination site and a unique ionic regulatory mode of GPR35 and also presents a highly positively charged binding pocket and the complementary electrostatic ligand recognition mode, which explain the promiscuity of acidic ligand binding by GPR35. Structural comparison of the GPR35-G13 complex with other G protein subtypes-coupled GPCRs reveals a notable movement of the C-terminus of α5 helix of the Gα13 subunit towards the receptor core and the least outward displacement of the cytoplasmic end of GPR35 TM6. A featured 'methionine pocket' contributes to the G13 coupling by GPR35. Together, our findings provide a structural basis for divalent cation modulation, ligand recognition, and subsequent G13 protein coupling of GPR35 and offer a new opportunity for designing GPR35-targeted drugs for the treatment of IBDs.
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25
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Chackalamannil S. A case history in natural product-based drug discovery: discovery of vorapaxar (Zontivity™). Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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26
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Xue J, Zhang H, Zeng S. Integrate thermostabilized fusion protein apocytochrome b562RIL and N-glycosylation mutations: A novel approach to heterologous expression of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:965038. [PMID: 36034790 PMCID: PMC9412022 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.965038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7 is a crucial phase II metabolic enzyme that transfers glucuronic acid from UDP-glucuronic acid (UDPGA) to endobiotic and xenobiotic substrates. Biophysical and biochemical investigations of UGT2B7 are hampered by the challenge of the integral membrane protein purification. This study focused on the expression and purification of recombinant UGT2B7 by optimizing the insertion sites for the thermostabilized fusion protein apocytochrome b562RIL (BRIL) and various mutations to improve the protein yields and homogeneity. Preparation of the recombinant proteins with high purity accelerated the measurement of pharmacokinetic parameters of UGT2B7. The dissociation constants (KD) of two classical substrates (zidovudine and androsterone) and two inhibitors (schisanhenol and hesperetin) of UGT2B7 were determined using the surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) for the first time. Using negative-staining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UGT2B7 protein particles were characterized, which could be useful for further exploring its three-dimensional structure. The methods described in this study could be broadly applied to other UGTs and are expected to provide the basis for the exploration of metabolic enzyme kinetics, the mechanisms of drug metabolisms and drug interactions, changes in pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics studies in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xue
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Haitao Zhang, ; Su Zeng,
| | - Su Zeng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Haitao Zhang, ; Su Zeng,
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27
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Acquasaliente L, Pontarollo G, Radu CM, Peterle D, Artusi I, Pagotto A, Uliana F, Negro A, Simioni P, De Filippis V. Exogenous human α-Synuclein acts in vitro as a mild platelet antiaggregant inhibiting α-thrombin-induced platelet activation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9880. [PMID: 35701444 PMCID: PMC9198058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αSyn) is a small disordered protein, highly conserved in vertebrates and involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Indeed, αSyn amyloid aggregates are present in the brain of patients with PD. Although the pathogenic role of αSyn is widely accepted, the physiological function of this protein remains elusive. Beyond the central nervous system, αSyn is expressed in hematopoietic tissue and blood, where platelets are a major cellular host of αSyn. Platelets play a key role in hemostasis and are potently activated by thrombin (αT) through the cleavage of protease-activated receptors. Furthermore, both αT and αSyn could be found in the same spatial environment, i.e. the platelet membrane, as αT binds to and activates platelets that can release αSyn from α-granules and microvesicles. Here, we investigated the possibility that exogenous αSyn could interfere with platelet activation induced by different agonists in vitro. Data obtained from distinct experimental techniques (i.e. multiple electrode aggregometry, rotational thromboelastometry, immunofluorescence microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy) on whole blood and platelet-rich plasma indicate that exogenous αSyn has mild platelet antiaggregating properties in vitro, acting as a negative regulator of αT-mediated platelet activation by preferentially inhibiting P-selectin expression on platelet surface. We have also shown that both exogenous and endogenous (i.e. cytoplasmic) αSyn preferentially bind to the outer surface of activated platelets. Starting from these findings, a coherent model of the antiplatelet function of αSyn is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Acquasaliente
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Pontarollo
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH) University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniele Peterle
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave. 02115, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilaria Artusi
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Pagotto
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Federico Uliana
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy.,Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Negro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, viale G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padua, Italy.
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo De Filippis
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy. .,Biotechnology Center, CRIBI, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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28
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Chen H, Huang W, Li X. Structures of oxysterol sensor EBI2/GPR183, a key regulator of the immune response. Structure 2022; 30:1016-1024.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Tian H, Gunnison KM, Kazmi MA, Sakmar TP, Huber T. FRET sensors reveal the retinal entry pathway in the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin. iScience 2022; 25:104060. [PMID: 35355518 PMCID: PMC8958324 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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30
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Mandal M, Madeira M, Amin R, Buevich AV, Cheng A, Labroli M, Liu X, Acton J, Pio B, Basso A, Chobanian H, Dong G, Dropinski J, Guo Y, Guo Z, Kurowski S, Korfmacher W, Lee S, Meng D, Ondeyka D, Yang Z, Zhang R, Wei H, Wu Z, Zhang F, Wollenberg G, Biftu T, Greenlee WJ, Chintala M, Maletic M, Zhu Z. Lead Optimization to Advance Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Antagonists in Early Discovery. J Med Chem 2022; 65:5575-5592. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Korkutata M, Agrawal L, Lazarus M. Allosteric Modulation of Adenosine A 2A Receptors as a New Therapeutic Avenue. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042101. [PMID: 35216213 PMCID: PMC8880556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of targeting adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs) is immense due to their broad expression in the body and central nervous system. The role of A2ARs in cardiovascular function, inflammation, sleep/wake behaviors, cognition, and other primary nervous system functions has been extensively studied. Numerous A2AR agonist and antagonist molecules are reported, many of which are currently in clinical trials or have already been approved for treatment. Allosteric modulators can selectively elicit a physiologic response only where and when the orthosteric ligand is released, which reduces the risk of an adverse effect resulting from A2AR activation. Thus, these allosteric modulators have a potential therapeutic advantage over classical agonist and antagonist molecules. This review focuses on the recent developments regarding allosteric A2AR modulation, which is a promising area for future pharmaceutical research because the list of existing allosteric A2AR modulators and their physiologic effects is still short.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Korkutata
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Lokesh Agrawal
- Molecular Neuroscience Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Kunigami-gun, Onna 904-0412, Japan;
| | - Michael Lazarus
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-853-3681
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32
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Mi X, Shukla D. Predicting the Activities of Drug Excipients on Biological Targets using One-Shot Learning. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1492-1503. [PMID: 35142529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c10574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Excipients are major components of drugs and are used to improve drug attributes such as stability and appearance. Excipients approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are regarded as safe for humans in allowed concentrations, but their potential interactions with drug targets have not been investigated systematically, which might influence a drug's efficacy. Deep learning models have been used for the identification of ligands that could bind to the drug targets. However, due to the limited available data, it is challenging to reliably estimate the likelihood of a ligand-protein interaction. One-shot learning techniques provide a potential approach to address this low data problem as these techniques require only one or a few examples to classify the new data. In this study, we apply one-shot learning models to data sets that include ligands binding to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and kinases. The predicted results suggest that one-shot learning could be used for predicting ligand-protein interactions, and the models attain better performance when protein targets contain conserved binding pockets. The trained models are also used to predict interactions between excipients and drug targets, which provides a potential efficient strategy to explore the activities of drug excipients. We find that a large number of drug excipients could interact with biological targets and influence their function. The results demonstrate how one-shot learning can be used to make accurate predictions for excipient-protein interactions, and these methods could be used for selecting excipients with limited drug-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuenan Mi
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Center for Digital Agriculture, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Daron ÉCASK, Negri WT, Borges A, Lescano CH, Antunes E, Laurentiz RSD. Design, synthesis, and in vitro antiplatelet aggregation activities of taiwanin C. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2036145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Érika C. A. S. K. Daron
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Unesp- Univ Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wellington T. Negri
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Unesp- Univ Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Borges
- Centro Universitário UNIFUNEC, Faculdade de Medicina, Santa Fé do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline H. Lescano
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rosangela S. de Laurentiz
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Unesp- Univ Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zimmermann A, Vu O, Brüser A, Sliwoski G, Marnett LJ, Meiler J, Schöneberg T. Mapping the binding sites of UDP and prostaglandin E2 glyceryl ester in the nucleotide receptor P2Y6. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100683. [PMID: 35034430 PMCID: PMC9305961 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase‐2 catalyzes the biosynthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid and the biosynthesis of prostaglandin glycerol esters (PG‐Gs) from 2‐arachidonoylglycerol. PG‐Gs are mediators of several biological actions such as macrophage activation, hyperalgesia, synaptic plasticity, and intraocular pressure. Recently, the human UDP receptor P2Y6 was identified as a target for the prostaglandin E2 glycerol ester (PGE2‐G). Here, we show that UDP and PGE2‐G are evolutionary conserved endogenous agonists at vertebrate P2Y6 orthologs. Using sequence comparison of P2Y6 orthologs, homology modeling, and ligand docking studies, we proposed several receptor positions participating in agonist binding. Site‐directed mutagenesis and functional analysis of these P2Y6 mutants revealed that both UDP and PGE2‐G share in parts one ligand‐binding site. Thus, the convergent signaling of these two chemically very different agonists has already been manifested in the evolutionary design of the ligand‐binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Zimmermann
- Leipzig University: Universitat Leipzig Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry GERMANY
| | - Oanh Vu
- Vanderbilt University Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Antje Brüser
- Leipzig University: Universitat Leipzig Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry GERMANY
| | - Gregory Sliwoski
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Department of Biomedical Informatics UNITED STATES
| | - Lawrence J. Marnett
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Department of Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Jens Meiler
- Leipzig University: Universitat Leipzig Institute of Drug discovery GERMANY
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Leipzig University: Universitat Leipzig Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Johannisallee 30 04103 Leipzig GERMANY
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35
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Vu O, Bender BJ, Pankewitz L, Huster D, Beck-Sickinger AG, Meiler J. The Structural Basis of Peptide Binding at Class A G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010210. [PMID: 35011444 PMCID: PMC8746363 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest membrane protein family and a significant target class for therapeutics. Receptors from GPCRs’ largest class, class A, influence virtually every aspect of human physiology. About 45% of the members of this family endogenously bind flexible peptides or peptides segments within larger protein ligands. While many of these peptides have been structurally characterized in their solution state, the few studies of peptides in their receptor-bound state suggest that these peptides interact with a shared set of residues and undergo significant conformational changes. For the purpose of understanding binding dynamics and the development of peptidomimetic drug compounds, further studies should investigate the peptide ligands that are complexed to their cognate receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oanh Vu
- Deparment of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Brian Joseph Bender
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lisa Pankewitz
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16–18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Annette G. Beck-Sickinger
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Jens Meiler
- Deparment of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Leipzig University Medical Center, Institute for Drug Discovery, Departments of Chemistry and Computer Science, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
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36
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Kong L, Gu PP, Tang ZZ, Gou LS, Liu YW. High glucose upregulates PAR-1 in SH-SY5Y cells via deficiency of miR-20a and miR-190a. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 36:509-517. [PMID: 34904279 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thrombin activity enhancement and its receptor protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) activation play vital roles in neurologic deficits in the central nervous system. Our recent study showed that PAR-1 upregulation stimulated by chronic high glucose (HG) caused central neuron injury through neuroinflammation; however, the molecular mechanisms are far from clear. In the present study, we found that HG resulted in neuronal injury of SH-SY5Y cells as evidenced by decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase release and elevated the mRNA level of PAR-1. Moreover, we predicted and determined several potential microRNAs (miRs) combining with the 3'-UTR of PAR-1 mRNA, finding that miR-20a-5p, miR-93-5p, and miR-190a-5p were significantly decreased in HG-cultured SH-SY5Y cells compared with control. Further, SH-SY5Y cells stably transfected with miR-20a-5p or miR-190a-5p mimic were established, and overexpression efficiency were confirmed. It was found that miR-20a-5p or miR-190a-5p overexpression markedly decreased PAR-1 mRNA level and protein expression in SH-SY5Y cells cultured with HG and normal glucose, indicating that miR-20a or miR-19a deficiency contributed to HG-induced PAR-1 upregulation. Together, our findings demonstrated that PAR-1 upregulation mediated HG-induced neuronal damage in central neurons, which was achieved through miR-20a or miR-190a deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Pan-Pan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ling-Shan Gou
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yao-Wu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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37
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Asai D, Inoue N, Sugiyama M, Fujita T, Matsuyama Y, Liu X, Matsushima A, Nose T, Costa T, Shimohigashi Y. Direct evidence of edge-to-face CH/π interaction for PAR-1 thrombin receptor activation. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 51:116498. [PMID: 34794000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Heptapeptide SFLLRNP is a receptor-tethered ligand of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1), and its Phe at position 2 is essential for the aggregation of human platelets. To validate the structural elements of the Phe-phenyl group in receptor activation, we have synthesized a complete set of S/Phe/LLRNP peptides comprising different series of fluorophenylalanine isomers (Fn)Phe, where n = 1, 2, 3, and 5. Phe-2-phenyl was strongly suggested to be involved in the edge-to-face CH/π interaction with the receptor aromatic group. In the present study, to prove this receptor interaction definitively, we synthesized another series of peptide analogs containing (F4)Phe-isomers, with the phenyl group of each isomer possessing only one hydrogen atom at the ortho, meta, or para position. When the peptides were assayed for their platelet aggregation activity, S/(2,3,4,6-F4)Phe/LLRNP and S/(2,3,4,5-F4)Phe/LLRNP exhibited noticeable activity (34% and 6% intensities of the native peptide, respectively), whereas S/(2,3,5,6-F4)Phe/LLRNP was completely inactive. The results indicated that, at the ortho and meta positions but not at the para position, benzene-hydrogen atoms are required for the CH/π interaction to activate the receptor. The results provided a decisive evidence of the molecular recognition property of Phe, the phenyl benzene-hydrogen atom of which participates directly in the interaction with the receptor aromatic π plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Asai
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naoko Inoue
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Makiko Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Fujita
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ayami Matsushima
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeru Nose
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tommaso Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Yasuyuki Shimohigashi
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Risk Science Research Institute, Ikimatsudai 3-7-5, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0044, Japan.
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38
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Festoff BW, Dockendorff C. The Evolving Concept of Neuro-Thromboinflammation for Neurodegenerative Disorders and Neurotrauma: A Rationale for PAR1-Targeting Therapies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1558. [PMID: 34827556 PMCID: PMC8615608 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in the role of coagulation and fibrinolysis in the nervous system was active in several laboratories dating back before cloning of the functional thrombin receptor in 1991. As one of those, our attention was initially on thrombin and plasminogen activators in synapse formation and elimination in the neuromuscular system, with orientation towards diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and how clotting and fibrinolytic pathways fit into its pathogenesis. This perspective is on neuro-thromboinflammation, emphasizing this emerging concept from studies and reports over more than three decades. It underscores how it may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to treat the ravages of neurotrauma and neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on PAR1, ALS, and parmodulins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry W. Festoff
- PHLOGISTIX LLC, Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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39
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Chu SJ, Tang SE, Pao HP, Wu SY, Liao WI. Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Antagonist Protects Against Lung Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:752507. [PMID: 34658893 PMCID: PMC8514687 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.752507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 is a thrombin-activated receptor that plays an essential role in ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced acute inflammation. PAR-1 antagonists have been shown to alleviate injuries in various IR models. However, the effect of PAR-1 antagonists on IR-induced acute lung injury (ALI) has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate whether PAR-1 inhibition could attenuate lung IR injury. Lung IR was induced in an isolated perfused rat lung model. Male rats were treated with the specific PAR-1 antagonist SCH530348 (vorapaxar) or vehicle, followed by ischemia for 40 min and reperfusion for 60 min. To examine the role of PAR-1 and the mechanism of SCH530348 in lung IR injury, western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis of lung tissue were performed. In vitro, mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE-12) were treated with SCH530348 or vehicle and subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR). We found that SCH530348 decreased lung edema and neutrophil infiltration, attenuated thrombin production, reduced inflammatory factors, including cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, mitigated lung cell apoptosis, and downregulated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in IR-injured lungs. In addition, SCH530348 prevented HR-induced NF-κB activation and inflammatory chemokine production in MLE12 cells. Our results demonstrate that SCH530348 exerts protective effects by blocking PAR-1 expression and modulating the downstream PI3K, NF-κB and MAPK pathways. These findings indicate that the PAR-1 antagonist protects against IR-induced ALI and is a potential therapeutic candidate for lung protection following IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jye Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-En Tang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Pao
- The Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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40
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De La Cruz DL, Prokai L, Prokai-Tatrai K. The Antagonist pGlu-βGlu-Pro-NH 2 Binds to an Allosteric Site of the Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor. Molecules 2021; 26:5397. [PMID: 34500828 PMCID: PMC8433856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
After we identified pGlu-βGlu-Pro-NH2 as the first functional antagonist of the cholinergic central actions of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH, pGlu-His-Pro-NH2), we became interested in finding the receptor-associated mechanism responsible for this antagonism. By utilizing a human TRH receptor (hTRH-R) homology model, we first refined the active binding site within the transmembrane bundle of this receptor to enhance TRH's binding affinity. However, this binding site did not accommodate the TRH antagonist. This directed us to consider a potential allosteric binding site in the extracellular domain (ECD). Searches for ECD binding pockets prompted the remodeling of the extracellular loops and the N-terminus. We found that different trajectories of ECDs produced novel binding cavities that were then systematically probed with TRH, as well as its antagonist. This led us to establish not only a surface-recognition binding site for TRH, but also an allosteric site that exhibited a selective and high-affinity binding for pGlu-βGlu-Pro-NH2. The allosteric binding of this TRH antagonist is more robust than TRH's binding to its own active site. The findings reported here may shed light on the mechanisms and the multimodal roles by which the ECD of a TRH receptor is involved in agonist and/or antagonist actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katalin Prokai-Tatrai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (D.L.D.L.C.); (L.P.)
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41
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Zou R, Wang X, Li S, Chan HCS, Vogel H, Yuan S. The role of metal ions in G protein‐coupled receptor signalling and drug discovery. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Zou
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
- AlphaMol Science Ltd Shenzhen China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Shu Li
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - H. C. Stephen Chan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Horst Vogel
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
- AlphaMol Science Ltd Shenzhen China
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Shuguang Yuan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
- AlphaMol Science Ltd Shenzhen China
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42
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Sayama M, Uwamizu A, Ikubo M, Chen L, Yan G, Otani Y, Inoue A, Aoki J, Ohwada T. Switching Lysophosphatidylserine G Protein-Coupled Receptor Agonists to Antagonists by Acylation of the Hydrophilic Serine Amine. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10059-10101. [PMID: 34233115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Three human G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)-GPR34/LPS1, P2Y10/LPS2, and GPR174/LPS3-are activated specifically by lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), an endogenous hydrolysis product of a cell membrane component, phosphatidylserine (PS). LysoPS consists of l-serine, glycerol, and fatty acid moieties connected by phosphodiester and ester linkages. We previously generated potent and selective GPCR agonists by modification of the three modules and the ester linkage. Here, we show that a novel modification of the hydrophilic serine moiety, that is, N-acylations of the serine amine, converted a GPR174 agonist to potent GPR174 antagonists. Structural exploration of the amide functionality provided access to a range of activities from agonist to partial agonist to antagonist. The present study would provide a new strategy for the development of lysophospholipid receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Sayama
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akiharu Uwamizu
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,AMED-LEAP, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Masaya Ikubo
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Luying Chen
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ge Yan
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuko Otani
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- AMED-LEAP, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.,AMED-PRIME, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,AMED-LEAP, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ohwada
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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43
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Ohkubo YZ, Madsen JJ. Uncovering Membrane-Bound Models of Coagulation Factors by Combined Experimental and Computational Approaches. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:1122-1137. [PMID: 34214998 PMCID: PMC8432591 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the life sciences, including hemostasis and thrombosis, methods of structural biology have become indispensable tools for shedding light on underlying mechanisms that govern complex biological processes. Advancements of the relatively young field of computational biology have matured to a point where it is increasingly recognized as trustworthy and useful, in part due to their high space–time resolution that is unparalleled by most experimental techniques to date. In concert with biochemical and biophysical approaches, computational studies have therefore proven time and again in recent years to be key assets in building or suggesting structural models for membrane-bound forms of coagulation factors and their supramolecular complexes on membrane surfaces where they are activated. Such endeavors and the proposed models arising from them are of fundamental importance in describing and understanding the molecular basis of hemostasis under both health and disease conditions. We summarize the body of work done in this important area of research to drive forward both experimental and computational studies toward new discoveries and potential future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zenmei Ohkubo
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Jesper J Madsen
- Global and Planetary Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
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44
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Conley JM, Sun H, Ayers KL, Zhu H, Chen R, Shen M, Hall MD, Ren H. Human GPR17 missense variants identified in metabolic disease patients have distinct downstream signaling profiles. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100881. [PMID: 34144038 PMCID: PMC8267566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR17 is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) implicated in the regulation of glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. Such evidence is primarily drawn from mouse knockout studies and suggests GPR17 as a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic diseases. However, links between human GPR17 genetic variants, downstream cellular signaling, and metabolic diseases have yet to be reported. Here, we analyzed GPR17 coding sequences from control and disease cohorts consisting of individuals with adverse clinical metabolic deficits including severe insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. We identified 18 nonsynonymous GPR17 variants, including eight variants that were exclusive to the disease cohort. We characterized the protein expression levels, membrane localization, and downstream signaling profiles of nine GPR17 variants (F43L, V96M, V103M, D105N, A131T, G136S, R248Q, R301H, and G354V). These nine GPR17 variants had similar protein expression and subcellular localization as wild-type GPR17; however, they showed diverse downstream signaling profiles. GPR17-G136S lost the capacity for agonist-mediated cAMP, Ca2+, and β-arrestin signaling. GPR17-V96M retained cAMP inhibition similar to GPR17-WT, but showed impaired Ca2+ and β-arrestin signaling. GPR17-D105N displayed impaired cAMP and Ca2+ signaling, but unaffected agonist-stimulated β-arrestin recruitment. The identification and functional profiling of naturally occurring human GPR17 variants from individuals with metabolic diseases revealed receptor variants with diverse signaling profiles, including differential signaling perturbations that resulted in GPCR signaling bias. Our findings provide a framework for structure–function relationship studies of GPR17 signaling and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Conley
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hongmao Sun
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristin L Ayers
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hu Zhu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Min Shen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongxia Ren
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
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45
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Marmolejo-Valencia AF, Madariaga-Mazón A, Martinez-Mayorga K. Bias-inducing allosteric binding site in mu-opioid receptor signaling. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
G-protein-biased agonism of the mu-opioid receptor (μ-OR) is emerging as a promising strategy in analgesia. A deep understanding of how biased agonists modulate and differentiate G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) signaling pathways and how this is transferred into the cell are open questions. Here, using extensive all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we analyzed the binding recognition process and signaling effects of three prototype μ-OR agonists. Our suggested structural mechanism of biased signaling in μ-OR involves an allosteric sodium ion site, water networks, conformational rearrangements in conserved motifs and collective motions of loops and transmembrane helices. These analyses led us to highlight the relevance of a bias-inducing allosteric binding site in the understanding of μ-OR’s G-protein-biased signaling. These results also suggest a competitive equilibrium between the agonists and the allosteric sodium ion, where the bias-inducing allosteric binding site can be modulated by this ion or an agonist such as herkinorin. Notably, herkinorin arises as the archetype modulator of μ-OR and its interactive pattern could be used for screening efforts via protein–ligand interaction fingerprint (PLIF) studies.
Article highlights
Agonists and a sodium ion compete for the bias-inducing allosteric binding site that modulates signaling in mu-opioid receptors.
Molecular dynamics simulations of the prototype μ-OR agonist suggest a competitive equilibrium involving the agonist and an allosteric sodium ion.
Analysis of experimental data from the literature and molecular models provides the structural bases of biased agonism on μ-OR.
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46
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Correlated Motions of Conserved Polar Motifs Lay out a Plausible Mechanism of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050670. [PMID: 33946214 PMCID: PMC8146931 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in the field of experimental structural biology have provided high-resolution structures of active and inactive state G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a highly important pharmaceutical target family, but the process of transition between these states is poorly understood. According to the current theory, GPCRs exist in structurally distinct, dynamically interconverting functional states of which populations are shifted upon binding of ligands and intracellular signaling proteins. However, explanation of the activation mechanism, on an entirely structural basis, gets complicated when multiple activation pathways and active receptor states are considered. Our unbiased, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of the μ opioid receptor (MOP) revealed that transmission of external stimulus to the intracellular surface of the receptor is accompanied by subtle, concerted movements of highly conserved polar amino acid side chains along the 7th transmembrane helix. This may entail the rearrangement of polar species and the shift of macroscopic polarization in the transmembrane domain, triggered by agonist binding. Based on our observations and numerous independent indications, we suggest amending the widely accepted theory that the initiation event of GPCR activation is the shift of macroscopic polarization between the ortho- and allosteric binding pockets and the intracellular G protein-binding interface.
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47
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Albanese V, Ruzza C, Marzola E, Bernardi T, Fabbri M, Fantinati A, Trapella C, Reinscheid RK, Ferrari F, Sturaro C, Calò G, Amendola G, Cosconati S, Pacifico S, Guerrini R, Preti D. Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on Oxazolo[3,4- a]pyrazine Derivatives Leading to the Discovery of a Novel Neuropeptide S Receptor Antagonist with Potent In Vivo Activity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4089-4108. [PMID: 33733768 PMCID: PMC8041306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide S modulates important neurobiological functions including locomotion, anxiety, and drug abuse through interaction with its G protein-coupled receptor known as neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR). NPSR antagonists are potentially useful for the treatment of substance abuse disorders against which there is an urgent need for new effective therapeutic approaches. Potent NPSR antagonists in vitro have been discovered which, however, require further optimization of their in vivo pharmacological profile. This work describes a new series of NPSR antagonists of the oxazolo[3,4-a]pyrazine class. The guanidine derivative 16 exhibited nanomolar activity in vitro and 5-fold improved potency in vivo compared to SHA-68, a reference pharmacological tool in this field. Compound 16 can be considered a new tool for research studies on the translational potential of the NPSergic system. An in-depth molecular modeling investigation was also performed to gain new insights into the observed structure-activity relationships and provide an updated model of ligand/NPSR interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Albanese
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Ruzza
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- LTTA Laboratory for Advanced Therapies, Technopole of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Marzola
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tatiana Bernardi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Fabbri
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Fantinati
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Trapella
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- LTTA Laboratory for Advanced Therapies, Technopole of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rainer K Reinscheid
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physiology I, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Federica Ferrari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Sturaro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Girolamo Calò
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo Meneghetti, 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Amendola
- "DiSTABiF", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- "DiSTABiF", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- LTTA Laboratory for Advanced Therapies, Technopole of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Delia Preti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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48
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Chandrabalan A, Ramachandran R. Molecular mechanisms regulating Proteinase‐Activated Receptors (PARs). FEBS J 2021; 288:2697-2726. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arundhasa Chandrabalan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London Canada
| | - Rithwik Ramachandran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London Canada
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49
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Wakasa A, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Takagi J, Arimori T. Site-specific epitope insertion into recombinant proteins using the MAP tag system. J Biochem 2021; 168:375-384. [PMID: 32386302 PMCID: PMC7585734 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The MAP tag system comprises a 14-residue peptide derived from mouse podoplanin and its high-affinity monoclonal antibody PMab-1. We determined the crystal structure of PMab-1 complexed with the MAP tag peptide and found that the recognition required only the N-terminal 8 residues of MAP tag sequence, enabling the shortening of the tag length without losing the affinity for PMab-1. Furthermore, the structure illustrated that the MAP tag adopts a U-shaped conformation when bound by PMab-1, suggesting that loop-inserted MAP tag would assume conformation compatible with the PMab-1 binding. We inserted the 8-residue MAP tag into multiple loop regions in various proteins including fibronectin type III domain and G-protein-coupled receptors and tested if they maintain PMab-1 reactivity. Despite the conformational restraints forced by the insertion position, all MAP-inserted mutants were expressed well in mammalian cells at levels comparable to the non-tagged proteins. Furthermore, the binding by PMab-1 was fully maintained even for the mutant where MAP tag was inserted at a structurally restricted β-hairpin, indicating that the MAP tag system has unique feature that allows placement in the middle of protein domain at desired locations. Our results indicate the versatile utility of the MAP tag system in 'site-specific epitope insertion' application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayami Wakasa
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Junichi Takagi
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takao Arimori
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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50
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Liu H, Tao H, Wang H, Yang Y, Yang R, Dai X, Ding X, Wu H, Chen S, Sun T. Doxycycline Inhibits Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties via PAR1/FAK/PI3K/AKT Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:619317. [PMID: 33643917 PMCID: PMC7905084 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.619317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in the promotion of invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Protease activation receptor 1 (PAR1) is closely related to malignant progression of tumors, however, its effects on pancreatic cancer stem cell-like (CSC-like) properties formation have not been reported. In this work, the effects of PAR1 on pancreatic cancer stem cell-like (CSC-like) properties formation were studied. PAR1 overexpression can induce CSC-like properties in Aspc-1 cells, whereas interference of PAR1 in Panc-1 cells showed the contrary results. Data on patients with pancreatic cancer obtained from TCGA showed that high PAR1 expression and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) protein considerably affect the prognosis of patients. Further experiments showed that PAR1 could regulate FAK, PI3K, and AKT phosphorylation and the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) in Aspc-1 and Panc-1 cells. Doxycycline, as a PAR1 inhibitor, could effectively inhibit the CSC-like properties of pancreatic cancer cells and the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway activation. Doxycycline inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer and enhances the treatment effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in Panc-1 xenograft mouse model. In conclusion, PAR1 promotes the CSC-like properties and EMT of pancreatic cancer cells via the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. Doxycycline inhibits the pancreatic cancer through the PAR1/FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway and enhances the therapeutic effect of 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Honglian Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiujuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
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