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Lin G, Xia A, Qiao J, Zhang H, Chen P, Zhou P, Hu Q, Xiang Z, Zhang S, Li L, Yang S. Identification of a new class of activators of the Hippo pathway with antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116217. [PMID: 38641306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a key regulator of tissue growth, organ size, and tumorigenesis. Activating the Hippo pathway by gene editing or pharmaceutical intervention has been proven to be a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of the Hippo pathway-dependent cancers. To now, a number of compounds that directly target the downstream effector proteins of Hippo pathway, including YAP and TEADs, have been disclosed, but very few Hippo pathway activators are reported. Here, we discovered a new class of Hippo pathway activator, YL-602, which inhibited CTGF expression in cells irrespective of cell density and the presence of serum. Mechanistically, YL-602 activates the Hippo pathway via MST1/2, which is different from known activators of Hippo pathway. In vitro, YL-602 significantly induced tumor cell apoptosis and inhibited colony formation of tumor cells. In vivo, oral administration of YL-602 substantially suppressed the growth of cancer cells by activation of Hippo pathway. Overall, YL-602 could be a promising lead compound, and deserves further investigation for its mechanism of action and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifeng Lin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingxin Qiao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyu Xiang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Zhou N, Zhang Y, Jiao Y, Nan J, Xia A, Mu B, Lin G, Li X, Zhang S, Yang S, Li L. Discovery of a novel pyroptosis inhibitor acting though modulating glutathionylation to suppress NLRP3-related signal pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111314. [PMID: 38081102 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a proinflammatory type of regulated cell death and has been involved in many pathological processes. Inhibition of pyroptosis is thought to be a promising strategy for the treatment of related diseases. Here, we performed a phenotypic screening against NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis and obtained the novel compound N77 after structure optimization. N77 showed a half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 0.070 ± 0.008 μM against cell pyroptosis induced by nigericin, and exhibited a remarkable ability to prevent NLRP3-dependent inflammasome activation and the release of IL-1β. Chemical proteomics revealed the biological target of N77 to be glutathione-S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1); our mechanism of action studies indicated that GSTM1 might act as a negative regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by modulating the glutathionylation of caspase-1. In vivo, N77 substantially alleviated the inflammatory reaction in a pyroptosis-related acute keratitis model. Overall, we identified a novel pyroptosis inhibitor and revealed a new regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis. Our findings suggest an alternative potential therapeutic strategy for pyroptosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Macular Disease Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Laboratory of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu China
| | - Jinshan Nan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Macular Disease Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Mu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Basic Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Macular Disease Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Zhou P, Zhao J, Hu Q, Lin G, Zhang J, Xia A, Zhang S, Nan J, Li L. Discovery of (S)-3-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-2-(2-phenoxyacetamido)propanoic acid derivatives as a new class of GPR34 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 97:129548. [PMID: 37949379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
GPR34 is a rhodopsin-like class G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is involved in the development and progression of several diseases. Despite its importance, effective targeting strategies are lacking. We herein report a series of (S)-3-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-2-(2-phenoxyacetamido)propanoic acid derivatives as a new class of GPR34 antagonists. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the identification of the most potent compound, 5e, which displayed an IC50 value of 0.680 μM in the GloSensor cAMP assay and 0.059 μM in the Tango assay. 5e demonstrated low cytotoxicity and high selectivity in vitro, and it was able to dose-dependently inhibit Lysophosphatidylserine-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in CHO cells expressing GPR34. Furthermore, 5e displayed excellent efficacy in a mouse model of neuropathic pain without any apparent signs of toxicity. Collectively, this study has identified a promising compound, which shows great potential in the development of potent antagonists with a new chemical scaffold targeting GPR34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinshan Nan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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4
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Huang C, Zeng R, Qiao J, Quan B, Luo R, Huang Q, Guo N, Li Y, Long X, Ma R, Xia A, Fang Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Zheng Y, Li L, Lei J, Yang S. Discovery and structure-activity relationship studies of novel α-ketoamide derivatives targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115657. [PMID: 37517202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro, also named 3CLpro) is a promising antiviral target against COVID-19 due to its functional importance in viral replication and transcription. Herein, we report the discovery of a series of α-ketoamide derivatives as a new class of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these compounds was analyzed, which led to the identification of a potent Mpro inhibitor (27h) with an IC50 value of 10.9 nM. The crystal structure of Mpro in complex with 27h revealed that α-ketoamide warhead covalently bound to Cys145s of the protease. In an in vitro antiviral assay, 27h showed excellent activity with an EC50 value of 43.6 nM, comparable to the positive control, Nirmatrelvir. This compound displayed high target specificity for Mpro against human proteases and low toxicity. It also possesses favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Overall, compound 27h could be a promising lead compound for drug discovery targeting SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and deserves further in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jingxin Qiao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Baoxue Quan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ronghua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Qiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Nihong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xinyan Long
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Ronggang Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yueshan Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yongtang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Jian Lei
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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5
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Xia A, Yong X, Zhang C, Lin G, Jia G, Zhao C, Wang X, Hao Y, Wang Y, Zhou P, Yang X, Deng Y, Wu C, Chen Y, Zhu J, Tang X, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Xu Z, Hu Q, Zhao J, Yue Y, Yan W, Su Z, Wei Y, Zhou R, Dong H, Shao Z, Yang S. Cryo-EM structures of human GPR34 enable the identification of selective antagonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308435120. [PMID: 37733739 PMCID: PMC10523607 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308435120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR34 is a functional G-protein-coupled receptor of Lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), and has pathogenic roles in numerous diseases, yet remains poorly targeted. We herein report a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of GPR34 bound with LysoPS (18:1) and Gi protein, revealing a unique ligand recognition mode with the negatively charged head group of LysoPS occupying a polar cavity formed by TM3, 6 and 7, and the hydrophobic tail of LysoPS residing in a lateral open hydrophobic groove formed by TM3-5. Virtual screening and subsequent structural optimization led to the identification of a highly potent and selective antagonist (YL-365). Design of fusion proteins allowed successful determination of the challenging cryo-EM structure of the inactive GPR34 complexed with YL-365, which revealed the competitive binding of YL-365 in a portion of the orthosteric binding pocket of GPR34 and the antagonist-binding-induced allostery in the receptor, implicating the inhibition mechanism of YL-365. Moreover, YL-365 displayed excellent activity in a neuropathic pain model without obvious toxicity. Collectively, this study offers mechanistic insights into the endogenous agonist recognition and antagonist inhibition of GPR34, and provides proof of concept that targeting GPR34 represents a promising strategy for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xihao Yong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Changbin Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Guowen Jia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yize Hao
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yujiao Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Xiaodi Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yuting Yue
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zhaoming Su
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230027, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Haohao Dong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Frontier Medical Center Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan610212, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
- Frontier Medical Center Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan610212, China
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6
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Wang F, Zeng R, Qiao J, Xia A, Li Y, Li F, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zhao X, Lei J, Yang S. Discovery of benzodiazepine derivatives as a new class of covalent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 92:129407. [PMID: 37437852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused people immense suffering all over the world. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) has announced the end of the pandemic, the sporadic virus epidemic is still ongoing and may exist permanently. Effective antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 are important to deal with the long-term threat. The main protease (Mpro) is a crucial target for drug development due to its role in the process of virus's replication and transcription. Herein, we report benzodiazepine derivatives as a new class of Mpro inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the discovery of the most active compound, methyl 10-(2-chloroacetyl)-1-oxo-11-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,3,4,5,10,11-hexahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]-diazepine-7-carboxylate (11a), which shows an IC50 value of 0.180 ± 0.004 μM. The X-ray crystal structure shows that 11a covalently binds to Mpro. Collectively, we have obtained a new small molecule inhibitor targeting Mpro, which can serve as a lead compound for subsequent drug discovery against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falu Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingxin Qiao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yueshan Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunjie Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanzhi Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiu Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Lei
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Frontier Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan 610212, China.
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7
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Zhang G, Xia Z, Tian C, Xia A, You J, Liu J, Yang S, Li L. Discovery of 5-((1H-indazol-3-yl) methylene)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivatives as a new class of AHR agonists with anti-psoriasis activity in a mouse model. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023:129383. [PMID: 37348572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand dependent transcription factor and participates in the regulation of the immune balance of Th17/22 and Treg cells. It has been found to be widely expressed in the skin, and involved in the pathology of psoriasis. Therefore, AHR is thought as a potential intervention target for psoriasis. Here, we report the discovery of 5-((1H-indazol-3-yl) methylene)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivatives as a new class of AHR agonists. Structure-activity relationship analyses led to the identification of the most active compound, 5- ((1H-indazol-3-yl)methylene) -3- (prop-2-yn-1-yl) -2-thiooimidazolidin-4-one (24e), which exhibited an EC50 value of 0.015 µM against AHR. Mechanism of action studies showed that 24e regulated the expression of CYP1A1 by activating the AHR pathway. Topical administration of 24e substantially alleviated imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like skin lesion. Overall, compound 24e could be a good lead compound for drug discovery against psoriasis, and hence deserving further in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziyi Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenyu Tian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jing You
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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8
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Zhang S, Zhou P, Liu J, Xia A, Lin G, Xiang Z, Fang Z, Yang X, Qiao J, Hu Q, Zhang J, Zhao J, Li L. Discovery of [1,2,3]Triazolo[4,5- c]quinoline Derivatives as a New Class of Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:746-756. [PMID: 37312863 PMCID: PMC10258831 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is an atypical serine/threonine protein kinase which is implicated in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Numerous reports have shown that ATM inhibition is an attractive target for radiotherapy and chemotherapy sensitization. Herein we report a new series of ATM kinase inhibitors containing the 1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]quinoline scaffold, which was obtained by virtual screening, structural optimization, and structure-activity relationship studies. Among the inhibitors, A011 was one of the most potent, with an IC50 value of 1.0 nM against ATM. In colorectal cancer cells (SW620 and HCT116), A011 was able to inhibit activation of ATM signaling induced by irinotecan (CPT-11) and ionizing radiation and then increased the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to irinotecan and ionizing radiation through increasing G2/M arrest and inducing apoptosis. In the SW620 human colorectal adenocarcinoma tumor xenograft model, A011 sensitized SW620 to CPT-11 by inhibiting ATM activity. Collectively, this work has identified a promising lead in the discovery of potent inhibitors against ATM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jingming Liu
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Xiang
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jingxin Qiao
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- Department
of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Linli Li
- Key
Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of
Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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9
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Fang Z, Mu B, Liu Y, Guo N, Xiong L, Guo Y, Xia A, Zhang R, Zhang H, Yao R, Fan Y, Li L, Yang S, Xiang R. Corrigendum to "Discovery of a potent, selective and cell active inhibitor of m6A demethylase ALKBH5" [Eur. J. Med. Chem. 238 (2022) 114446]. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 255:115368. [PMID: 37119665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Bo Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Nihong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yinping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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10
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Huang C, Shuai H, Qiao J, Hou Y, Zeng R, Xia A, Xie L, Fang Z, Li Y, Yoon C, Huang Q, Hu B, You J, Quan B, Zhao X, Guo N, Zhang S, Ma R, Zhang J, Wang Y, Yang R, Zhang S, Nan J, Xu H, Wang F, Lei J, Chu H, Yang S. A new generation M pro inhibitor with potent activity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:128. [PMID: 36928316 PMCID: PMC10018608 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01392-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly the Omicron variant and its sublineages, continually threaten the global public health. Small molecule antivirals are an effective treatment strategy to fight against the virus. However, the first-generation antivirals either show limited clinical efficacy and/or have some defects in pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Moreover, with increased use of these drugs across the globe, they face great pressure of drug resistance. We herein present the discovery and characterization of a new generation antiviral drug candidate (SY110), which is a potent and selective inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). This compound displayed potent in vitro antiviral activity against not only the predominant SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineage BA.5, but also other highly pathogenic human coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. In the Omicron-infected K18-hACE2 mouse model, oral treatment with SY110 significantly lowered the viral burdens in lung and alleviated the virus-induced pathology. Importantly, SY110 possesses favorable PK properties with high oral drug exposure and oral bioavailability, and also an outstanding safety profile. Furthermore, SY110 exhibited sensitivity to several drug-resistance Mpro mutations. Collectively, this investigation provides a promising new drug candidate against Omicron and other variants of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Huiping Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jingxin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yuxin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lingwan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chaemin Yoon
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Qiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Bingjie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jing You
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Baoxue Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Nihong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ronggang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ruicheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jinshan Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Haixing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Falu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jian Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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11
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Guo N, Huang C, Qiao J, Li Y, Wang Y, Xia A, Zhang G, Fang Z, You J, Li L. Discovery of 3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as a new class of SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 86:129238. [PMID: 36924946 PMCID: PMC10014483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to massive infections and deaths and caused tremendous grief among the people. Although vaccines have played an important role in fighting COVID-19, the situation that the protective effect of current vaccines significantly decreases against mutated strains reminds us of the pressing need for developing effective antiviral therapeutics. The main protease (Mpro) is a key enzyme for SARS-CoV-2 viral replication and transcription and an attractive target for drug development. In this research, we report a new series of Mpro inhibitors containing 3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the discovery of the most active compound, 16d, which showed an IC50 value of 5.27 ± 0.26 μM. Collectively, we obtained a new small molecular inhibitor targeting SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, which contains a new scaffold. This compound could be taken as a lead compound for subsequent drug discovery against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinxin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jing You
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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12
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Nan J, Liu J, Lin G, Zhang S, Xia A, Zhou P, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Zhao J, Zhang S, Huang C, Wang Y, Hu Q, Chen J, Xiang M, Yang X, Yang S. Discovery of 4-(1,2,4-Oxadiazol-5-yl)azepan-2-one Derivatives as a New Class of Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Inflammatory Pain. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3460-3483. [PMID: 36821347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Selectively targeting the cannabinoid receptor CB2 is an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammatory pain without psychiatric side effects mediated by the cannabinoid receptor CB1. Herein, we report the discovery of 4-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)azepan-2-one derivatives as a new class of CB2 agonists. Systematic structure-activity relationship investigations resulted in the identification of the most potent compound 25r. This compound displayed high selectivity for CB2 against CB1 (CB2 EC50 = 21.0 nM, Emax = 87%, CB1 EC50 > 30 μM, ratio CB1/CB2 > 1428) with favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Especially, 25r demonstrated significant efficacy in the analgesic model of rodent inflammatory pain. All the results suggest that compound 25r could serve as a lead compound for treating inflammatory pain and deserves further in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yangli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Junxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mingli Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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13
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Zhao YQ, Xia A, Zhang MH, Li JL, Zhu GD, Tang JX. [Microbiota structure and diversity in Aedes albopictus at different developmental stages]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2022; 34:475-483. [PMID: 36464263 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the diversity and composition of microflora in laboratory-reared Aedes albopictus at different developmental stages and larval habitat waters. METHODS The larval habitat waters and different developmental stages of laboratory-reared A. albopictus were collected, and the V3 and V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using Illumina Miseq next-generation sequencing. The abundance and diversity of the microflora were examined using alpha diversity index in A. albopictus at different developmental stages, and the difference in the microflora compositions was compared in A. albopictus at different developmental stages using principal component analysis (PCA). In addition, the species composition and relative abundance of microflora in A. albopictus at different developmental stages were described using histograms and Venn diagrams. RESULTS A total of 16 phyla, 30 classes, 72 orders, 129 families and 224 genera of bacteria were detected in larval habitat waters and different developmental stages of A. albopictus. The highest bacterial diversity was seen in larval A. albopictus, with Chao index of 125.20 ± 30.48 and Shannon diversity index of 2.04 ± 0.39, which were comparable to those (Chao index of 118.52 ± 15.07 and Shannon diversity index of 2.15 ± 0.30) in larval habitat waters (t = 0.35 and -0.41, both P values > 0.05). The bacterial abundance and evenness were significantly greater in female adults than in male adults (Chao index: 42.50 ± 3.54 vs. 18.50 ± 2.13, t = 8.23, P < 0.05; Shannon diversity index: 1.25 ± 1.67 vs. 0.50 ± 0.05, t = 6.00, P < 0.05). Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota and Finnicutes were four common phyla of bacteria at each developmental stage of A. albopictus, with Proteobacteria dominated at the pupal stage (90.36%), Bacteroidota dominated at the adult stage (46.01% in female adults and 86.11% in male adults), and Actinobacteriota dominated at the larval stage (32.10%). Elizabethkingia and Rahnella 1 were common dominant genera of bacteria at each developmental stage of A. albopictus, with Rahnellal as the major component at the pupal stage (87.56%), Elizabethkingia as the main component at the adult stage (46.01% in female adults and 86.11% in male adults, respectively), and Microbacteria as the dominant bacterial genus at the larval stage (12.11%). In addition, Delftia, Elizabethkingia, Romboutsia, Serratia, Rahnella 1, Enterococcus and Microbacterium were common genera of bacteria at each developmental stage of A. albopictus, with Edaphobaculum dominated at the larval stage (17.54%) and Sphingobacterium dominated in larval habitat waters (13.93%). CONCLUSIONS There are differences in the composition of symbiotic bacteria at different developmental stages of A. albopictus; however, similar microflora diversity is maintained at the phylum level. The microflora diversity is comparable in larvae and larval habitat waters of A. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Zhao
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - A Xia
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - M H Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - J L Li
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - G D Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - J X Tang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
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14
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Yang X, Lin G, Xia A, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhou P, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Chen P, Wang Y, Zheng T, Li L, Yang S. Discovery of Small Molecule Agonist of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor (GnRH1R). J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:5009-5022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yangli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Pei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Medical Information Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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15
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Fang Z, Mu B, Liu Y, Guo N, Xiong L, Guo Y, Xia A, Zhang R, Zhang H, Yao R, Fan Y, Li L, Yang S, Xiang R. Discovery of a potent, selective and cell active inhibitor of m 6A demethylase ALKBH5. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114446. [PMID: 35597008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) is an RNA m6A demethylase involved in the regulation of genes transcription, translation and metabolism and has been considered as a promising therapeutic target for various human diseases, especially cancers. However, there is still a lack of potent and selective ALKBH5 inhibitors. Herein, we report a new class of ALKBH5 inhibitors containing the 1-aryl-1H-pyrazole scaffold, which were obtained through fluorescence polarization-based screening, structural optimization and structure-activity relationship analysis. Among these compounds, 20m was the most potent one, which showed an IC50 value of 0.021 μM in fluorescence polarization assay. Compound 20m exhibited high selectivity towards ALKBH5 versus FTO as well as other AlkB subfamily members, indicating good selectivity for ALKBH5. Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) analysis showed that 20m could efficiently stabilize ALKBH5 in HepG2 cells. Dot blot assay demonstrated that 20m could increase m6A level in intact cells. Collectively, 20m is a potent, selective and cell active ALKBH5 inhibitor and could be used as a versatile chemical probe to explore the biological function of ALKBH5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Bo Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Nihong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yinping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Rui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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16
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Chen P, Bin H, Jiao Y, Lin G, Zhang Y, Xia A, Pan Z, Qiao J, Guo Y, Liu J, Zhou Y, Li L. Discovery of 6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d] pyrimidine derivatives as a new class of ATR inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 63:128651. [PMID: 35245663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase is a key regulating protein within the DNA damage response (DDR), responsible for sensing replication stress (RS), and has been considered as a potential target for cancer therapy. Herein, we report the discovery of a series of 6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]-pyrimidine derivatives as a new class of ATR inhibitors. Among them, compound 5g exhibits an IC50 value of 0.007 μM against ATR kinase. In vitro, 5g displays good anti-tumor activity and could significantly reduce the phosphorylation level of ATR and its downstream signaling protein. Overall, this study provides a promising lead compound for subsequent drug discovery targeting ATR kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Huachao Bin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Macular Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhilin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingxin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yinping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yangli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China.
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17
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Jiao Y, Nan J, Mu B, Zhang Y, Zhou N, Yang S, Zhang S, Lin W, Wang F, Xia A, Cao Z, Chen P, Pan Z, Lin G, Pan S, Bin H, Li L, Yang S. Discovery of a novel and potent inhibitor with differential species-specific effects against NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Ding BJ, Liu L, Li MJ, Xia A, Song XW, Zhou KS, Zhou J, Xu PP, Liu JP, Zhou H, Song YP. [Cyclic thrombocytopenia: a case report and literature review]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:770. [PMID: 34753235 PMCID: PMC8607038 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B J Ding
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - M J Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - A Xia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - X W Song
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - K S Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - P P Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - J P Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Y P Song
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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19
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Zhang Y, Xia A, Zhang S, Lin G, Liu J, Chen P, Mu B, Jiao Y, Xu W, Chen M, Li L. Discovery of 3,6-disubstutited-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as a new class of CLK1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 41:127881. [PMID: 33662541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of cdc2-like kinase1 (CLK1) could efficiently induce autophagy and it has been thought as a potential target for treatment of autophagy-related diseases. Herein we report the discovery of a series of 3,6-disubstutited-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as a new class of CLK1 inhibitors. Among them, compound 9e is the most potent one, which exhibits an IC50 value of 4 nM against CLK1 kinase. In vitro, this compound reduces the phosphorylation level of the typical downstream substrates of CLK1 and affects their subcellular redistribution. Further study indicates that 9e is efficient to induce autophagy. Overall, this study provides a promising lead compound for drug discovery targeting CLK1 kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Macular Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bo Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Basic Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mingxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China.
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20
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Liu X, Chen G, He J, Wan G, Shen D, Xia A, Chen F. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the inhibition of reproduction in rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, after silencing the gene of MagR (IscA1). Insect Mol Biol 2021; 30:253-263. [PMID: 33410574 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
MagR (IscA1) is a member of the iron-sulphur cluster assembly proteins, which plays vital roles in many physiological processes, such as energy metabolism, electron transfer, iron homeostasis, heme biosynthesis and physiologically magnetic response. Its deletion leads to the loss of mitochondrial DNA, inactivation of iron-sulphur proteins and abnormal embryonic development in organisms. However, the physiological roles of MagR in insects are unclear. This study characterized the effects and molecular regulatory mechanism of MagR gene silencing on the reproduction of brachypterous female adults of Nilaparvata lugens. After silencing the MagR gene using RNAi approach, the duration of reproductive period was shortened and the fecundity and hatchability reduced significantly. A total of 479 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified for female adults after 2 days of dsRNA injection through RNA-sequencing technology, including 352 significantly upregulated DEGs and 127 significantly downregulated DEGs, among which 44 DEGs were considered the key genes involved in the effects of NlMagR silencing on the reproduction, revealing the regulatory mechanism of MagR at RNA transcription level and providing a new strategy for the control of N. lugens.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - J He
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Wan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - A Xia
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Xu PP, Ding BJ, Li MJ, Liu JP, Liu L, Xia A, Liu WQ, Zhou KS, Zhao HF, Zhou H, Song YP. [Hereditary coagulation factor XIII deficiency: three cases report and literaure review]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:256-258. [PMID: 33910314 PMCID: PMC8081941 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P P Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - B J Ding
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - M J Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - J P Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - A Xia
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - W Q Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Units, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - K S Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - H F Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Y P Song
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450008, China
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22
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Guo Y, Mao X, Xiong L, Xia A, You J, Lin G, Wu C, Huang L, Wang Y, Yang S. Structure-Guided Discovery of a Potent and Selective Cell-Active Inhibitor of SETDB1 Tudor Domain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8760-8765. [PMID: 33511756 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
SET domain bifurcated protein 1 (SETDB1) is a histone lysine methyltransferase that promotes the silencing of some tumour suppressor genes and is overexpressed in many cancers. SETDB1 contains a unique tandem tudor domain (TTD) that recognizes histone H3 sequences containing both methylated and acetylated lysines. Beginning with the identification of a hit compound (Cpd1), we discovered the first potent and selective small molecule SETDB1-TTD inhibitor (R,R)-59 through stepwise structure-guided optimization. (R,R)-59 showed a KD value of 0.088±0.045 μM in the ITC assay. The high potency of (R,R)-59 was well explained by the cocrystal structure of the (R,R)-59-TTD complex. (R,R)-59 is an endogenous binder competitive inhibitor. Evidence has also demonstrated its cellular target engagement. Interestingly, the enantiomer (S,S)-59 did not show activity in all the assays, highlighting the potential of (R,R)-59 as a tool compound in exploring the biological functions of SETDB1-TTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jing You
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Chengyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Luyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
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Guo Y, Mao X, Xiong L, Xia A, You J, Lin G, Wu C, Huang L, Wang Y, Yang S. Structure‐Guided Discovery of a Potent and Selective Cell‐Active Inhibitor of SETDB1 Tudor Domain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jing You
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Chengyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Luyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
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Xiao P, Yan W, Gou L, Zhong YN, Kong L, Wu C, Wen X, Yuan Y, Cao S, Qu C, Yang X, Yang CC, Xia A, Hu Z, Zhang Q, He YH, Zhang DL, Zhang C, Hou GH, Liu H, Zhu L, Fu P, Yang S, Rosenbaum DM, Sun JP, Du Y, Zhang L, Yu X, Shao Z. Ligand recognition and allosteric regulation of DRD1-Gs signaling complexes. Cell 2021; 184:943-956.e18. [PMID: 33571432 PMCID: PMC11005940 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine receptors, including D1- and D2-like receptors, are important therapeutic targets in a variety of neurological syndromes, as well as cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Here, we present five cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) coupled to Gs heterotrimer in complex with three catechol-based agonists, a non-catechol agonist, and a positive allosteric modulator for endogenous dopamine. These structures revealed that a polar interaction network is essential for catecholamine-like agonist recognition, whereas specific motifs in the extended binding pocket were responsible for discriminating D1- from D2-like receptors. Moreover, allosteric binding at a distinct inner surface pocket improved the activity of DRD1 by stabilizing endogenous dopamine interaction at the orthosteric site. DRD1-Gs interface revealed key features that serve as determinants for G protein coupling. Together, our study provides a structural understanding of the ligand recognition, allosteric regulation, and G protein coupling mechanisms of DRD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lu Gou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ya-Ni Zhong
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Liangliang Kong
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Changxiu Qu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chuan-Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhenquan Hu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong-Hao He
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Dao-Lai Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Gui-Hua Hou
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Huanxiang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lizhe Zhu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Daniel M Rosenbaum
- Department of Biophysics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yang Du
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Abstract
AIMS To use both quantitative and qualitative approaches to characterize the diabetes distress profile of Chinese-Canadians with Type 2 diabetes and to better understand their experience of living with diabetes. METHODS We recruited 40 Chinese-Canadian adults with Type 2 diabetes who completed a Mandarin- or Cantonese-language diabetes education programme in Richmond, British Columbia. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory research design, participants first completed a 15-item Chinese version of the Diabetes Distress Scale, which included three subscales: emotional burden, regimen-related distress, and physician distress. The self-report survey was followed by a semi-structured interview that addressed the following diabetes-related topics: perspectives towards the healthcare team, emotional health, diabetes-related concerns and stressors, diabetes diagnosis experience, and sources of social support and diabetes education. RESULTS The mean (sd) scores for total distress 1.5 (0.5), emotional burden 1.7 (0.7), regimen-related distress 1.4 (0.5), and physician distress 1.4 (0.9), fell within the 'low distress' range (< 2.0). Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews showed that some participants were dissatisfied with diabetes care providers and experienced emotional challenges, particularly early in their diagnosis. Other themes that emerged included eating distress, fear of complications, language barriers, and medication concerns. CONCLUSIONS Not only did the qualitative findings from semi-structured interviews capture aspects of diabetes distress that were not included in the quantitative survey, it also uncovered inconsistencies between the two datasets. To more accurately understand the diabetes distress experience of any ethnic community, both quantitative and qualitative approaches contribute unique value.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xia
- School of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K W Yau
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T S Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Ma RQ, Xia A, Zhai XC, Chen F, Xu HB. [A single-center clinical analysis of 65 cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei from appendiceal origin in the early stage]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2019; 41:698-702. [PMID: 31550861 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the efficacy and safety of cytoreduction surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) in the early stage. Methods: The clinical data, including pathological features, recurrence and survival of 65 PMP patients in the early stage underwent CRS combined with HIPEC in Aerospace Center Hospital from January, 2011 to December, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 65 patients with early stage PMP underwent CRS+ HIPEC. Among these patients, 25 were males and 40 were females, and the mean age was 52.5 years. The median peritoneal cancer index was 3 (0-16). The score of completeness of cytoreduction (CC) of 63 patients (96.9%) was 0, and 2 patients (3.1%) was 1. No perioperative death occurred, the incidence of surgical complications above grade 3 was 3.1%. Three patients relapsed during the follow-up period, including 1 patient with low-grade PMP, 1 patient with high-grade PMP, and 1 patient with high-grade PMP accompanied by signet ring cell. The 5-year disease-free survival rate of the whole group was 92.4%. Conclusions: PMP patients in the early stage treated by CRS combined with HIPEC can achieve benefit and safety. A close long-term follow-up is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Q Ma
- Department of myxoma, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
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Qiao J, Lin G, Xia A, Xiang Z, Chen P, Zhang G, Li L, Yang S. Discovery of 1,8-disubstituted-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives as a new class of Hippo signaling pathway inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2595-2603. [PMID: 31400941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the Hippo signaling pathway have been demonstrated to have a potential clinical application in cases such as tissue repair and organ regeneration. However, there is a lack of potent Hippo pathway inhibitors at present. Herein we report the discovery of a series of 1,8-disubstituted-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives as a new class of Hippo pathway inhibitors by utilizing a cell line-based screening model (A549-CTGF). Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these compounds was also discussed. The most potent compound in the A549-CTGF cell assay, 11g, was then evaluated by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assays. Overall, this study provides a starting point for later drug discovery targeting the Hippo signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhiyu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Pei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linli Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Xia A, Qi X, Mao X, Wu X, Yang X, Zhang R, Xiang Z, Lian Z, Chen Y, Yang S. Metal-Free Aerobic Oxidative Selective C-C Bond Cleavage in Heteroaryl-Containing Primary and Secondary Alcohols. Org Lett 2019; 21:3028-3033. [PMID: 30995066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free aerobic oxidative selective C-C bond-cleavage reaction in primary and secondary heteroaryl alcohols is reported. This reaction was highly efficient and tolerated various heteroaryl alcohols, generating a carboxylic acid derivative and a neutral heteroaromatic compound. Experimental studies combined with density functional theory calculations revealed the mechanism underlying the selective C-C bond cleavage. This strategy also provides an alternative simple approach to carboxylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Xueyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Xin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Zhiyu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Zhong Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Yingchun Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
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Barbour AD, Luczak MJ, Xia A. Multivariate approximation in total variation, I: Equilibrium distributions of Markov jump processes. ANN PROBAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1214/17-aop1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chen K, Wang X, Zhang L, Xia A, Chen F, Wang J. P-174CLINICAL FEATURES AND PROGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTIC LUNG CANCERS AS THE SECONDARY PRIMARY MALIGNANCY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw260.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Empirical point processes of exceedances play an important role in extreme value theory, and their limiting behaviour has been extensively studied. Here, we provide explicit bounds on the accuracy of approximating an exceedance process by a compound Poisson or Poisson cluster process, in terms of a Wasserstein metric that is generally more suitable for the purpose than the total variation metric. The bounds only involve properties of the finite, empirical sequence that is under consideration, and not of any limiting process. The argument uses Bernstein blocks and Lindeberg's method of compositions.
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Abstract
Let n points be placed uniformly at random in a subset A of the plane. A point is said to be maximal in the configuration if no other point is larger in both coordinates. We show that, for large n and for many sets A, the number of maximal points is approximately normally distributed. The argument uses Stein's method, and is also applicable in higher dimensions.
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Heckel A, Weiler M, Xia A, Ruetters M, Pham M, Bendszus M, Heiland S, Baeumer P. Peripheral Nerve Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Assessment of Axon and Myelin Sheath Integrity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130833. [PMID: 26114630 PMCID: PMC4482724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the potential of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters as in-vivo biomarkers of axon and myelin sheath integrity of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel as validated by correlation with electrophysiology. Methods MRI examinations at 3T including DTI were conducted on wrists in 30 healthy subjects. After manual segmentation of the median nerve quantitative analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) as well as axial, radial and mean diffusivity (AD, RD, and MD) was carried out. Pairwise Pearson correlations with electrophysiological parameters comprising sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) as markers of axon integrity, and distal motor latency (dml) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (sNCV) as markers of myelin sheath integrity were computed. The significance criterion was set at P=0.05, Bonferroni corrected for multiple comparisons. Results DTI parameters showed a distinct proximal-to-distal profile with FA, MD, and RD extrema coinciding in the center of the carpal tunnel. AD correlated with CMAP (r=0.50, p=0.04, Bonf. corr.) but not with markers of myelin sheath integrity. RD correlated with sNCV (r=-0.53, p=0.02, Bonf. corr.) but not with markers of axon integrity. FA correlated with dml (r=-0.63, p=0.002, Bonf. corr.) and sNCV (r=0.68, p=0.001, Bonf. corr.) but not with markers of axon integrity. Conclusion AD reflects axon integrity, while RD (and FA) reflect myelin sheath integrity as validated by correlation with electrophysiology. DTI parameters consistently indicate a slight decrease of structural integrity in the carpal tunnel as a physiological site of median nerve entrapment. DTI is particularly sensitive, since these findings are observed in healthy participants. Our results encourage future studies to evaluate the potential of DTI in differentiating axon from myelin sheath injury in patients with manifest peripheral neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heckel
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Weiler
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Xia
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Ruetters
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Pham
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Heiland
- Section of Experimental Neuroradiology, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Baeumer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bäumer P, Xia A, Weiler M, Heckel A, Schwarz D, Pham M, Jäger D, Bendszus M, Apostolidis L. Oxaliplatin-induzierte Polyneuropathie: Detektion und quantitative Charakterisierung der Pathophysiologie mittels MR Neurografie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bäumer P, Xia A, Kele H, Dombert T, Staub F, Bendszus M, Pham M. Interosseus-posterior-Neuropathie: Proximale faszikulär-inflammatorische Läsion versus fokale Kompression. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1551244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liang J, Sharakhova MV, Lan Q, Zhu H, Sharakhov IV, Xia A. A standard cytogenetic map for Anopheles sinensis and chromosome arm homology between the subgenera Anopheles and Cellia. Med Vet Entomol 2014; 28 Suppl 1:26-32. [PMID: 25171604 PMCID: PMC4156234 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) is an important vector of Plasmodium vivax in Southeast Asia. To facilitate population genetic and genomic studies of An. sinensis, we developed a standard cytogenetic photomap for this species. The polytene chromosomes were straightened and divided into 39 numbered divisions and 116 lettered subdivisions. The chromosomal localizations of 13 DNA probes were determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. A comparison of the physical map for An. sinensis with the genome map for Anopheles gambiae revealed a whole-arm autosomal translocation between the two species. Specifically, the 2R arm of An. gambiae corresponds to the 3R arm of An. sinensis and the pattern of correspondence of the other chromosome arms remains regular. We mapped the breakpoints of the polymorphic paracentric chromosomal inversion 3Ra to subdivisions 28A and 31A. The standard cytogenetic map developed in this study will be useful for detailed comparative genome mapping and population genetic studies of An. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liang
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Xia A, Selegue JP, Carrillo A, Patrick BO, Parkin S, Pratt Brock C. Two fluoradene derivatives: pseudosymmetry, eccentric ellipsoids and a phase transition. Acta Crystallogr B 2001; 57:507-16. [PMID: 11468377 DOI: 10.1107/s0108768101008631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2000] [Accepted: 05/25/2001] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Structures of two derivatives of the curved fluoradene ring system (C(19)H(12)) have been determined. Both have phases that are highly pseudosymmetric. At room temperature crystals of 7b-triisopropylsilylfluoradene (C(28)H(32)Si) have a P1 cell that contains two independent molecules (Z' = 2) and that is almost centered. Crystals of 7b-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)fluoradene (C(25)H(14)N(2)O(4)) have both a P2(1)/c cell with Z' = 1 and a P2(1)/c cell with Z' = 2. The molecular volumes in these two P2(1)/c structures differ by 0.7%, but the structures are otherwise virtually the same; the two independent molecules in the larger cell are related by a pseudotranslation. Some of the atomic ellipsoids in the P2(1)/c, Z' = 1 structure are very large and eccentric, and there are some hints in the diffraction pattern of an incipient phase transition, but the Z' = 1 and Z' = 2 phases are clearly different. The P2(1)/c, Z' = 2 crystal at 295 K probably contains some volume fraction of the Z' = 1 phase; when the temperature is lowered to 273 K this fraction is decreased markedly. The pronounced pseudosymmetry in the P1 and P2(1)/c structures that have Z' = 2 has been investigated by analysing the atomic coordinates, by performing refinements in the smaller pseudocells and by making separate Wilson plots for the classes of reflections which are systematically strong and systematically weak. All three approaches are informative, but they reveal different information. Least-squares fits of coordinates of corresponding atoms measure the similarity of the molecular conformations. The Wilson plots allow a quantitative comparison of the intensities of the strong and weak reflections and thus an assessment of the deviations of the true structure from the smaller pseudocell structure. Comparison of the atomic displacements obtained in the full and pseudocell refinements shows where the structural distortions are largest and provides an indication of their directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055, USA
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Xia A, Jiang S, Zhu J, Shen Y, Lu Z, Huang W. [Two-photon fluorescence from recombinant green fluorescent protein]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2001; 21:435-437. [PMID: 12945253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The photoconversion process of recombinant green fluorescent protein (rGFP) was investigated by two-photon excitation. The results indicated that the rGFP had very strong two-photon excitation fluorescence. The changes of two-photon-induced fluorescence polarization suggest that there is a proton transfer process between two different proton states of rGFP chromophores. The conformation of rGFP chromophores could be changed upon illumination, which partly block the energy transfer processes from amino acid residues to chromophores in rGFP, and result in the decrease of two-photon-induced fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence from amino acid residues in rGFP was also observed by three-photon excitation, which resulted from the blocked amino acid residues in rGFP. These results suggested that it is necessary to optimize rGFP excitation and detection for quantitative fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xia
- National Laboratory of Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics, Southeastern University, 210096 Nanjing
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Abstract
Reaction of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine with the platinum hydroxo complex [(dppp)Pt(mu-OH)](2)(BF(4))(2) gives the bridging 1,2-dimethylhydrazido(-2) product [(dppp)(2)Pt(2)(mu-eta(2):eta(2)-MeNNMe)](BF(4))(2) 1. Crystals of 1.CH(2)Cl(2) from CH(2)Cl(2)/Et(2)O are monoclinic (C/2) with a = 19.690(1), b = 18.886(1), c = 17.170 (1) A, and beta = 92.111(1) degrees. Treatment of [(dppp)Pt(mu-OH)](2)(OTf)(2) with 1,1-dimethylhydrazine gives [(dppp)(2)Pt(2)(mu-OH)(mu-NHNMe(2))](OTf)(2) 2. Crystals of 2.CH(2)Cl(2) from CH(2)Cl(2)/Et(2)O are triclinic (P-1) with a = 12.910 (3), b = 13.927(3), c = 17.5872 (3) A, alpha = 87.121(3), beta = 89.997(4), and gamma = 84.728(3) degrees. Reaction of [(dppp)Pt(mu-OH)](2)(OTf)(2) with 1 equiv of phenylhydrazine in CH(2)Cl(2) gives [(dppp)(2)Pt(2)(mu-OH)(mu-NHNHPh)](OTf)(2) 3. Two equivalents of phenylhydrazine with [(dppp)Pt(mu-OH)](2)(X)(2) gives [(dppp)Pt(mu-NHNHPh)](2)(X)(2) 4 (X = BF(4), OTf). Crystals of 3.ClCH(2)CH(2)Cl from ClCH(2)CH(2)Cl/(i)()Pr(2)O are monoclinic (P2(1)/n) with a = 20.990(2), b = 13.098(1), c = 25.773 (2) A, and beta = 112.944(2) degrees. Crystals of 4(X = BF(4)).ClCH(2)CH(2)Cl(.)()2((t)()BuOMe) from ClCH(2)CH(2)Cl/(t)()BuOMe are monoclinic (C2/m) with a = 30.508(1), b = 15.203(1), c = 19.049 (1) A, and beta = 118.505(2) degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 125 Chemistry, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Abstract
Mutations in the GJB6 gene encoding connexin 30 (Cx30) can cause dominant forms of nonsyndromic deafness. By studying immunohistochemical localization of Cx30 in the mouse cochlea at different ages from 0 to 30 days after birth, we found that the expression of Cx30 is nearly the same as that of Cx26. These findings suggest that as well as Cx26, Cx30 may also contribute to the generation and maturation of endocochlear potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Japan.
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Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW, Li PW, Mural RJ, Sutton GG, Smith HO, Yandell M, Evans CA, Holt RA, Gocayne JD, Amanatides P, Ballew RM, Huson DH, Wortman JR, Zhang Q, Kodira CD, Zheng XH, Chen L, Skupski M, Subramanian G, Thomas PD, Zhang J, Gabor Miklos GL, Nelson C, Broder S, Clark AG, Nadeau J, McKusick VA, Zinder N, Levine AJ, Roberts RJ, Simon M, Slayman C, Hunkapiller M, Bolanos R, Delcher A, Dew I, Fasulo D, Flanigan M, Florea L, Halpern A, Hannenhalli S, Kravitz S, Levy S, Mobarry C, Reinert K, Remington K, Abu-Threideh J, Beasley E, Biddick K, Bonazzi V, Brandon R, Cargill M, Chandramouliswaran I, Charlab R, Chaturvedi K, Deng Z, Di Francesco V, Dunn P, Eilbeck K, Evangelista C, Gabrielian AE, Gan W, Ge W, Gong F, Gu Z, Guan P, Heiman TJ, Higgins ME, Ji RR, Ke Z, Ketchum KA, Lai Z, Lei Y, Li Z, Li J, Liang Y, Lin X, Lu F, Merkulov GV, Milshina N, Moore HM, Naik AK, Narayan VA, Neelam B, Nusskern D, Rusch DB, Salzberg S, Shao W, Shue B, Sun J, Wang Z, Wang A, Wang X, Wang J, Wei M, Wides R, Xiao C, Yan C, Yao A, Ye J, Zhan M, Zhang W, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Zheng L, Zhong F, Zhong W, Zhu S, Zhao S, Gilbert D, Baumhueter S, Spier G, Carter C, Cravchik A, Woodage T, Ali F, An H, Awe A, Baldwin D, Baden H, Barnstead M, Barrow I, Beeson K, Busam D, Carver A, Center A, Cheng ML, Curry L, Danaher S, Davenport L, Desilets R, Dietz S, Dodson K, Doup L, Ferriera S, Garg N, Gluecksmann A, Hart B, Haynes J, Haynes C, Heiner C, Hladun S, Hostin D, Houck J, Howland T, Ibegwam C, Johnson J, Kalush F, Kline L, Koduru S, Love A, Mann F, May D, McCawley S, McIntosh T, McMullen I, Moy M, Moy L, Murphy B, Nelson K, Pfannkoch C, Pratts E, Puri V, Qureshi H, Reardon M, Rodriguez R, Rogers YH, Romblad D, Ruhfel B, Scott R, Sitter C, Smallwood M, Stewart E, Strong R, Suh E, Thomas R, Tint NN, Tse S, Vech C, Wang G, Wetter J, Williams S, Williams M, Windsor S, Winn-Deen E, Wolfe K, Zaveri J, Zaveri K, Abril JF, Guigó R, Campbell MJ, Sjolander KV, Karlak B, Kejariwal A, Mi H, Lazareva B, Hatton T, Narechania A, Diemer K, Muruganujan A, Guo N, Sato S, Bafna V, Istrail S, Lippert R, Schwartz R, Walenz B, Yooseph S, Allen D, Basu A, Baxendale J, Blick L, Caminha M, Carnes-Stine J, Caulk P, Chiang YH, Coyne M, Dahlke C, Deslattes Mays A, Dombroski M, Donnelly M, Ely D, Esparham S, Fosler C, Gire H, Glanowski S, Glasser K, Glodek A, Gorokhov M, Graham K, Gropman B, Harris M, Heil J, Henderson S, Hoover J, Jennings D, Jordan C, Jordan J, Kasha J, Kagan L, Kraft C, Levitsky A, Lewis M, Liu X, Lopez J, Ma D, Majoros W, McDaniel J, Murphy S, Newman M, Nguyen T, Nguyen N, Nodell M, Pan S, Peck J, Peterson M, Rowe W, Sanders R, Scott J, Simpson M, Smith T, Sprague A, Stockwell T, Turner R, Venter E, Wang M, Wen M, Wu D, Wu M, Xia A, Zandieh A, Zhu X. The sequence of the human genome. Science 2001; 291:1304-51. [PMID: 11181995 DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7678] [Impact Index Per Article: 333.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A 2.91-billion base pair (bp) consensus sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome was generated by the whole-genome shotgun sequencing method. The 14.8-billion bp DNA sequence was generated over 9 months from 27,271,853 high-quality sequence reads (5.11-fold coverage of the genome) from both ends of plasmid clones made from the DNA of five individuals. Two assembly strategies-a whole-genome assembly and a regional chromosome assembly-were used, each combining sequence data from Celera and the publicly funded genome effort. The public data were shredded into 550-bp segments to create a 2.9-fold coverage of those genome regions that had been sequenced, without including biases inherent in the cloning and assembly procedure used by the publicly funded group. This brought the effective coverage in the assemblies to eightfold, reducing the number and size of gaps in the final assembly over what would be obtained with 5.11-fold coverage. The two assembly strategies yielded very similar results that largely agree with independent mapping data. The assemblies effectively cover the euchromatic regions of the human chromosomes. More than 90% of the genome is in scaffold assemblies of 100,000 bp or more, and 25% of the genome is in scaffolds of 10 million bp or larger. Analysis of the genome sequence revealed 26,588 protein-encoding transcripts for which there was strong corroborating evidence and an additional approximately 12,000 computationally derived genes with mouse matches or other weak supporting evidence. Although gene-dense clusters are obvious, almost half the genes are dispersed in low G+C sequence separated by large tracts of apparently noncoding sequence. Only 1.1% of the genome is spanned by exons, whereas 24% is in introns, with 75% of the genome being intergenic DNA. Duplications of segmental blocks, ranging in size up to chromosomal lengths, are abundant throughout the genome and reveal a complex evolutionary history. Comparative genomic analysis indicates vertebrate expansions of genes associated with neuronal function, with tissue-specific developmental regulation, and with the hemostasis and immune systems. DNA sequence comparisons between the consensus sequence and publicly funded genome data provided locations of 2.1 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A random pair of human haploid genomes differed at a rate of 1 bp per 1250 on average, but there was marked heterogeneity in the level of polymorphism across the genome. Less than 1% of all SNPs resulted in variation in proteins, but the task of determining which SNPs have functional consequences remains an open challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Venter
- Celera Genomics, 45 West Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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Xia A, Kikuchi T, Hozawa K, Katori Y, Takasaka T. Expression of connexin 26 and Na,K-ATPase in the developing mouse cochlear lateral wall: functional implications. Brain Res 1999; 846:106-11. [PMID: 10536217 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The immunohistochemical localization of connexin 26 (a gap junction protein) and Na,K-ATPase in the mouse cochlear lateral wall was studied at different ages between 0 and 30 days after birth (DAB). Connexin 26-like immunoreactivity was sparsely distributed among the connective tissue cells just lateral to the future marginal cells of the stria vascularis on 0 DAB. In the mice of 3-6 DAB, connexin 26 was observed in the strial basal cell area, and was increased in its distribution density on 10 DAB. Connexin 26 was sparsely distributed among the fibrocytes in the spiral ligament and the suprastrial zone on 10 DAB, and its distribution density increased rapidly in the mouse on 12 DAB. The immunohistochemical distribution reached the adult pattern in the cochlear lateral wall on 15 DAB. Weak Na, K-ATPase-like immunoreactivity was observed in the epithelial cells, corresponding to the future strial marginal cells, on 0 DAB. Its staining intensity was enhanced with the increase of age, and reached the adult pattern on 10 DAB. In contrast, Na,K-ATPase-like immunoreactivity in the type II fibrocytes and suprastrial fibrocytes was first detected on 12 DAB, and reached the mature level on 15 DAB. It is well known that the endolymphatic potential (EP) reaches the adult level 2 weeks after birth. The expression patterns of connexin 26 and Na,K-ATPase in the fibrocytes of the spiral ligament and the suprastrial zone coincided with the rapid growth and maturation of EP. These findings may suggest a role for the gap junctional communications and Na,K-ATPase activity of the fibrocytes within the cochlear lateral wall in the generation and maturation of EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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Abstract
Recombinant erythropoietin, first approved for Medicare reimbursement in June 1989, was prescribed at initial doses for dialysis patients of 2,500 to 2,700 U per administration independent of hematocrit level. By 1997, however, patients with hematocrits less than 30% were administered 6,000 U/dose, compared with 4,500 U administered to patients with hematocrits of 33% to 36%. Since 1990, the percentage of patients with hematocrits less than 30% decreased from 60% to 22% in 1997, whereas the percentage of patients with hematocrits of 33% to 36% increased from 10% to 30%. In 1997, Medicare initiated the Hematocrit Measurement Audit (HMA) policy, which was directed at reducing the percentage of claims for hematocrits greater than 36% and increasing the stability of the hematocrit levels. The policy change achieved the initial effect but resulted in a reduction of the mean hematocrit as well. The policy was changed in 1998 in response to patient and provider concerns. Mortality studies show that hematocrits less than 30% (or hemoglobin levels < 110 g/L) are associated with an 18% to 40% increased associated risk for death. Higher hematocrits of 33% to 36% appear to be associated with a 7% reduced risk for death. The risk for hospitalization parallels that of mortality. Patients with sustained hematocrits of 33% to 36% over 1 year appear to have the best outcome compared with patients with hematocrits that decrease. The latter are at greater risk than those patients in whom the hematocrits increase. In conclusion, dramatic improvements in hemodialysis patient hematocrits have occurred since 1989. Mortality and hospitalization studies support the National Kidney Foundation Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF DOQI) target hematocrit range of 33% to 36% as providing the best associated outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Collins
- University of Minnesota, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, USA
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