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Lin J, Chen S, Zhang C, Liao J, Chen Y, Deng S, Mao Z, Zhang T, Tian N, Song Y, Zeng T. Recent advances in microfluidic technology of arterial thrombosis investigations. Platelets 2024; 35:2316743. [PMID: 38390892 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2316743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic technology has emerged as a powerful tool in studying arterial thrombosis, allowing researchers to construct artificial blood vessels and replicate the hemodynamics of blood flow. This technology has led to significant advancements in understanding thrombosis and platelet adhesion and aggregation. Microfluidic models have various types and functions, and by studying the fabrication methods and working principles of microfluidic chips, applicable methods can be selected according to specific needs. The rapid development of microfluidic integrated system and modular microfluidic system makes arterial thrombosis research more diversified and automated, but its standardization still needs to be solved urgently. One key advantage of microfluidic technology is the ability to precisely control fluid flow in microchannels and to analyze platelet behavior under different shear forces and flow rates. This allows researchers to study the physiological and pathological processes of blood flow, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of arterial thrombosis. In conclusion, microfluidic technology has revolutionized the study of arterial thrombosis by enabling the construction of artificial blood vessels and accurately reproducing hemodynamics. In the future, microfluidics will place greater emphasis on versatility and automation, holding great promise for advancing antithrombotic therapeutic and prophylactic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital/Shangjin Branch of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunying Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuemei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanying Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhigang Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tonghao Zhang
- Department of Statistics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Na Tian
- Anesthesiology Department, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yali Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huang Z, Sun Y, Liu S, Chen X, Ping J, Fei P, Gong Z, Zheng N. A machine learning based method for tracking of simultaneously imaged neural activity and body posture of freely moving maggot. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150290. [PMID: 38941792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
To understand neural basis of animal behavior, it is necessary to monitor neural activity and behavior in freely moving animal before building relationship between them. Here we use light sheet fluorescence microscope (LSFM) combined with microfluidic chip to simultaneously capture neural activity and body movement in small freely behaving Drosophila larva. We develop a transfer learning based method to simultaneously track the continuously changing body posture and activity of neurons that move together using a sub-region tracking network with a precise landmark estimation network for the inference of target landmark trajectory. Based on the tracking of each labelled neuron, the activity of the neuron indicated by fluorescent intensity is calculated. For each video, annotation of only 20 frames in a video is sufficient to yield human-level accuracy for all other frames. The validity of this method is further confirmed by reproducing the activity pattern of PMSIs (period-positive median segmental interneurons) and larval movement as previously reported. Using this method, we disclosed the correlation between larval movement and left-right asymmetry in activity of a group of unidentified neurons labelled by R52H01-Gal4 and further confirmed the roles of these neurons in bilateral balance of body contraction during larval crawling by genetic inhibition of these neurons. Our method provides a new tool for accurate extraction of neural activities and movement of freely behaving small-size transparent animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenan Huang
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Xiaopeng Chen
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; School of Optical and Electronic Information-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Junyu Ping
- School of Optical and Electronic Information-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Peng Fei
- School of Optical and Electronic Information-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhefeng Gong
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Nenggan Zheng
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007, China
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Jahangiri AR, Ziarati N, Dadkhah E, Bucak MN, Rahimizadeh P, Shahverdi A, Sadighi Gilani MA, Topraggaleh TR. Microfluidics: The future of sperm selection in assisted reproduction. Andrology 2024; 12:1236-1252. [PMID: 38148634 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obtaining functional sperm cells is the first step to treat infertility. With the ever-increasing trend in male infertility, clinicians require access to effective solutions that are able to single out the most viable spermatozoa, which would max out the chance for a successful pregnancy. The new generation techniques for sperm selection involve microfluidics, which offers laminar flow and low Reynolds number within the platforms can provide unprecedented opportunities for sperm selection. Previous studies showed that microfluidic platforms can provide a novel approach to this challenge and since then researchers across the globe have attacked this problem from multiple angles. OBJECTIVE In this review, we seek to provide a much-needed bridge between the technical and medical aspects of microfluidic sperm selection. Here, we provide an up-to-date list on microfluidic sperm selection procedures and its application in assisted reproductive technology laboratories. SEARCH METHOD A literature search was performed in Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus to select papers reporting microfluidic sperm selection using the keywords: microfluidic sperm selection, self-motility, non-motile sperm selection, boundary following, rheotaxis, chemotaxis, and thermotaxis. Papers published before March 31, 2023 were selected. OUTCOMES Our results show that most studies have used motility-based properties for sperm selection. However, microfluidic platforms are ripe for making use of other properties such as chemotaxis and especially rheotaxis. We have identified that low throughput is one of the major hurdles to current microfluidic sperm selection chips, which can be solved via parallelization. CONCLUSION Future work needs to be performed on numerical simulation of the microfluidics chip prior to fabrication as well as relevant clinical assessment after the selection procedure. This would require a close collaboration and understanding among engineers, biologists, and medical professionals. It is interesting that in spite of two decades of microfluidics sperm selection, numerical simulation and clinical studies are lagging behind. It is expected that microfluidic sperm selection platforms will play a major role in the development of fully integrated start-to-finish assisted reproductive technology systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Jahangiri
- NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Materials Science and Applied Mathematics, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Niloofar Ziarati
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Dadkhah
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mustafa Numan Bucak
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Pegah Rahimizadeh
- Division of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tohid Rezaei Topraggaleh
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Fatemi N, Taher A, Fondu J, Zhang L, De Moor T, Willems K, Henry O, Peumans P, Stakenborg T. SUPERCELLS: a novel microfluidic reactor architecture for ultra-fast sequential delivery of chemical reagents. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39148372 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00534a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Applications such as nucleic acid synthesis or next-generation sequencing involve repeated fluidic cycles with the same set of reagents. The large dead volumes present in external valves and pumps with relatively long supply lines mandate the inclusion of extensive rinsing steps in current protocols, resulting in the consumption of significant quantities of reagents. To allow for fast rinsing, to reduce reagent consumption, and to ensure high reagent purity, we propose a fluidic concept based on a hierarchical branching structure. The working principle comprises a 3D fluidic network of supply lines - one line per reagent - that ensures reagents to be provided up to the entrance of every single reaction cavity, called supercells. Because all reagents are always present inside or at the inlet of a supercell, the principle allows for very rapid reagent switching, while a continuous flow avoids cross contamination. Selection of a specific reagent to enter the supercells is controlled by adjusting the pressure over different supply lines. As the pressure is regulated by a single, external controller per reagent, no integrated valves are needed. The very small distances to the reaction cavities also results in the use of minimal reagent volumes and, hence, largely reduces operational costs. We demonstrated the working principle of this concept and show an average switching time of 0.23 ± 0.09 s for the current design at a flow rate of 10 nL s-1. We used a 10 × 10 matrix of supercells to validate the fluidic concept to be scalable towards a large number of reaction sites. In summary, we believe the presented fluidic 3D hierarchical concept allows designing flow cells that enable highly parallel, more cost-efficient, and faster work flows for applications requiring many reagent cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Fatemi
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ahmed Taher
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jelle Fondu
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tinne De Moor
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kherim Willems
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Olivier Henry
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Peumans
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tim Stakenborg
- Imec, Life Sciences Technologies, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Liu X, Gao M, Li B, Liu R, Chong Z, Gu Z, Zhou K. Bioinspired Capillary Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2310797. [PMID: 39139014 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by the unidirectional liquid spreading on Nepenthes peristome, Araucaria leaf, butterfly wings, etc., various microfluidic devices have been developed for water collection, irrigation, physical/chemical reaction, and oil-water separation. Despite extensive progress, most natural and artificial structures fail to enhance the Laplace pressure difference or capillary force, thus suffering from a low unidirectional capillary height (<30 mm). In this work, asymmetric re-entrant structures with long overhangs and connected forward/lateral microchannels are fabricated by 3D printing, resulting in a significantly increased unidirectional capillary height of 102.3 mm for water, which approximately corresponds to the theoretical limit. The overhangs can partially overlap the forward microchannels of the front structures without direct contact, thus enhancing the Laplace pressure difference and capillary force simultaneously. Based on asymmetric and symmetric re-entrant structures, capillary transistors are proposed and realized to programmably adjust the capillary direction, height, and width, which are envisioned to function as switches/valves and amplifiers/attenuators for highly efficient liquid patterning, desalination, and biochemical microreaction in 3D space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ming Gao
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Boyuan Li
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ruoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhejun Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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Feng Y, Che B, Fu J, Sun Y, Ma W, Tian J, Dai L, Jing G, Zhao W, Sun D, Zhang C. From Chips-in-Lab to Point-of-Care Live Cell Device: Development of a Microfluidic Device for On-Site Cell Culture and High-Throughput Drug Screening. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:5399-5408. [PMID: 39031055 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Live cell assays provide real-time data of cellular responses. In combination with microfluidics, applications such as automated and high-throughput drug screening on live cells can be accomplished in small devices. However, their application in point-of-care testing (POCT) is limited by the requirement for bulky equipment to maintain optimal cell culture conditions. In this study, we propose a POCT device that allows on-site cell culture and high-throughput drug screening on live cells. We first observe that cell viabilities are substantially affected by liquid evaporation within the microfluidic device, which is intrinsic to the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material due to its hydrophobic nature and nanopatterned surface. The unwanted PDMS-liquid-air interface in the cell culture environment can be eliminated by maintaining a persistent humidity of 95-100% or submerging the whole microfluidic device under water. Our results demonstrate that in the POCT device equipped with a water tank, both primary cells and cell lines can be maintained for up to 1 week without the need for external cell culture equipment. Moreover, this device is powered by a standard alkali battery and can automatically screen over 5000 combinatorial drug conditions for regulating neural stem cell differentiation. By monitoring dynamic variations in fluorescent markers, we determine the optimal doses of platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor to suppress proinflammatory S100A9-induced neuronal toxicities. Overall, this study presents an opportunity to transform lab-on-a-chip technology from a laboratory-based approach to actual point-of-care devices capable of performing complex experimental procedures on-site and offers significant advancements in the fields of personalized medicine and rapid clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingchen Che
- School of Physics, Northwest University, No. 1 Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiahao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Wenju Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
- Center for Automated and Innovative Drug Discovery, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Guangyin Jing
- School of Physics, Northwest University, No. 1 Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
- Center for Automated and Innovative Drug Discovery, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, No. 1, Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China
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Zhang Y, Lei F, Qian W, Zhang C, Wang Q, Liu C, Ji H, Liu Z, Wang F. Designing intelligent bioorthogonal nanozymes: Recent advances of stimuli-responsive catalytic systems for biomedical applications. J Control Release 2024; 373:929-951. [PMID: 39097195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal nanozymes have emerged as a potent tool in biomedicine due to their unique ability to perform enzymatic reactions that do not interfere with native biochemical processes. The integration of stimuli-responsive mechanisms into these nanozymes has further expanded their potential, allowing for controlled activation and targeted delivery. As such, intelligent bioorthogonal nanozymes have received more and more attention in developing therapeutic approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the development and application of stimuli-responsive bioorthogonal nanozymes. By summarizing the design outlines for anchoring bioorthogonal nanozymes with stimuli-responsive capability, this review seeks to offer valuable insights and guidance for the rational design of these remarkable materials. This review highlights the significant progress made in this exciting field with different types of stimuli and the various applications. Additionally, it also examines the current challenges and limitations in the design, synthesis, and application of these systems, and proposes potential solutions and research directions. This review aims to stimulate further research toward the development of more efficient and versatile stimuli-responsive bioorthogonal nanozymes for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Fang Lei
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Wanlong Qian
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Haiwei Ji
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Zhengwei Liu
- Precision Immunology Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, USA.
| | - Faming Wang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
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Park J, Kim W, Kim M, Jeong H, Lee K, Kil J, Yang S, Choi EH, Park B. Interphase-Controlled Inkjet Printing of MicroInlaid OLEDs: Effects of Solvent- and Solute-Polymer Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39106292 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Inkjet printing, a highly promising technique for the cost-effective fabrication of large-scale organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), typically necessitates the intricate alignment of precisely patterned insulating layers. Recently, we introduced a unique single-step inkjet printing process that produces well-patterned microinlaid spots of functional compounds through insulating polymer layers. This approach exploits lateral phase separation between the solute of functional compounds and the polymer, allowing the simultaneous spatial etching of the polymer and the infilling of the solute using a single inkjet-printed sessile droplet. Here, we demonstrate that the interaction between the solvent and polymer, as well as the solute and polymer, critically determines the precision and efficiency of printing. This is particularly evident when using either the insulating poly(vinylpyridine) isomer of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) or poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) with chloroform as a solvent, which allows for a detailed examination of these interactions based on certain solubility parameters. Micro-Raman spectroscopy reveals that the self-organizing capability of the microinlaid spots with P4VP is superior to that with P2VP. This is due to the fact that P2VP shows higher affinity to the solvent and causes imperfect phase separation as compared to P4VP. As a result, a performance evaluation demonstrates enhanced device performance for inkjet-printed green micro-OLEDs with P4VP, exhibiting a higher external quantum efficiency of 3.3% compared to that of 2.3% achieved with P2VP. These findings elucidate the important roles of solvent-polymer and solute-polymer interactions in the inkjet printing process, leading to interfacial control of inkjet printing technique for the cost-effective production of high-performance and high-resolution micro-OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeWoo Park
- Department of Plasma-Bio Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Wonsun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - MyeongGyu Kim
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeRyun Jeong
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimin Lee
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Juneyoung Kil
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sui Yang
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Department of Plasma-Bio Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungchoo Park
- Department of Plasma-Bio Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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9
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Zhang T, Dong X, Gao X, Yang Y, Song W, Song J, Bi H, Guo Y, Song J. Applications of Metals and Metal Compounds in Improving the Sensitivity of Microfluidic Biosensors - A Review. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400578. [PMID: 38801721 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The enhancement of detection sensitivity in microfluidic sensors has been a continuously explored field. Initially, many strategies for sensitivity improvement involved introducing enzyme cascade reactions, but enzyme-based reactions posed challenges in terms of cost, stability, and storage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore enzyme-free cascade amplification methods, which are crucial for expanding the application range and improving detection stability. Metal or metal compound nanomaterials have gained great attention in the exploitation of microfluidic sensors due to their ease of preparation, storage, and lower cost. The unique physical properties of metallic nanomaterials, including surface plasmon resonance, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, metal-enhanced fluorescence, and surface-enhanced infrared absorption, contribute significantly to enhancing detection capabilities. The metal-based catalytic nanomaterials, exemplified by Fe3O4 nanoparticles and metal-organic frameworks, are considered viable alternatives to biological enzymes due to their excellent performance. Herein, we provide a detailed overview of the applications of metals and metal compounds in improving the sensitivity of microfluidic biosensors. This review not only highlights the current developments but also critically analyzes the challenges encountered in this field. Furthermore, it outlines potential directions for future research, contributing to the ongoing development of microfluidic biosensors with improved detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyi Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xuezhen Dong
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Xing Gao
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Weidu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Jike Song
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Yurong Guo
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Jibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10010, P. R. China
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10
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Ni R, Ge K, Luo Y, Zhu T, Hu Z, Li M, Tao P, Chi J, Li G, Yuan H, Pang Q, Gao W, Zhang P, Zhu Y. Highly sensitive microfluidic sensor using integrated optical fiber and real-time single-cell Raman spectroscopy for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 264:116616. [PMID: 39137518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is notoriously lethal due to its late diagnosis and poor patient response to treatments, posing a significant clinical challenge. This study introduced a novel approach that combines a single-cell capturing platform, tumor-targeted silver (Ag) nanoprobes, and precisely docking tapered fiber integrated with Raman spectroscopy. This approach focuses on early detection and progression monitoring of pancreatic cancer. Utilizing tumor-targeted Ag nanoparticles and tapered multimode fibers enhances Raman signals, minimizes light loss, and reduces background noise. This advanced Raman system allows for detailed molecular spectroscopic examination of individual cells, offering more practical information and enabling earlier detection and accurate staging of pancreatic cancer compared to conventional multicellular Raman spectroscopy. Transcriptomic analysis using high-throughput gene screening and transcriptomic databases confirmed the ability and accuracy of this method to identify molecular changes in normal, early, and metastatic pancreatic cancer cells. Key findings revealed that cell adhesion, migration, and the extracellular matrix are closely related to single-cell Raman spectroscopy (SCRS) results, highlighting components such as collagen, phospholipids, and carotene. Therefore, the SCRS approach provides a comprehensive view of the molecular composition, biological function, and material changes in cells, offering a novel, accurate, reliable, rapid, and efficient method for diagnosing and monitoring pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhao Ni
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Kaixin Ge
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Zeming Hu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Pan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jinyi Chi
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Guanron Li
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Haojun Yuan
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Qian Pang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wanlei Gao
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Peiqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Yabin Zhu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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11
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Nie J, Lou S, Pollet AMAO, van Vegchel M, Bouten CVC, den Toonder JMJ. A Cell Pre-Wrapping Seeding Technique for Hydrogel-Based Tubular Organ-On-A-Chip. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400970. [PMID: 38872259 PMCID: PMC11321624 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) models based on microfluidic technology are increasingly used to obtain mechanistic insight into (patho)physiological processes in humans, and they hold great promise for application in drug development and regenerative medicine. Despite significant progress in OOC development, several limitations of conventional microfluidic devices pose challenges. First, most microfluidic systems have rectangular cross sections and flat walls, and therefore tubular/ curved structures, like blood vessels and nephrons, are not well represented. Second, polymers used as base materials for microfluidic devices are much stiffer than in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM). Finally, in current cell seeding methods, challenges exist regarding precise control over cell seeding location, unreachable spaces due to flow resistances, and restricted dimensions/geometries. To address these limitations, an alternative cell seeding technique and a corresponding workflow is introduced to create circular cross-sectioned tubular OOC models by pre-wrapping cells around sacrificial fiber templates. As a proof of concept, a perfusable renal proximal tubule-on-a-chip is demonstrated with a diameter as small as 50 µm, cellular tubular structures with branches and curvature, and a preliminary vascular-renal tubule interaction model. The cell pre-wrapping seeding technique promises to enable the construction of diverse physiological/pathological models, providing tubular OOC systems for mechanistic investigations and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- Microsystems Research SectionDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Soft Tissue Engineering & Mechanobiology Research SectionDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Sha Lou
- Microsystems Research SectionDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Soft Tissue Engineering & Mechanobiology Research SectionDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas M. A. O. Pollet
- Microsystems Research SectionDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Manon van Vegchel
- Microsystems Research SectionDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Soft Tissue Engineering & Mechanobiology Research SectionDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V. C. Bouten
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Soft Tissue Engineering & Mechanobiology Research SectionDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Jaap M. J. den Toonder
- Microsystems Research SectionDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
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12
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Ma L, Zhao X, Hou J, Huang L, Yao Y, Ding Z, Wei J, Hao N. Droplet Microfluidic Devices: Working Principles, Fabrication Methods, and Scale-Up Applications. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301406. [PMID: 38594964 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Compared with the conventional emulsification method, droplets generated within microfluidic devices exhibit distinct advantages such as precise control of fluids, exceptional monodispersity, uniform morphology, flexible manipulation, and narrow size distribution. These inherent benefits, including intrinsic safety, excellent heat and mass transfer capabilities, and large surface-to-volume ratio, have led to the widespread applications of droplet-based microfluidics across diverse fields, encompassing chemical engineering, particle synthesis, biological detection, diagnostics, emulsion preparation, and pharmaceuticals. However, despite its promising potential for versatile applications, the practical utilization of this technology in commercial and industrial is extremely limited to the inherently low production rates achievable within a single microchannel. Over the past two decades, droplet-based microfluidics has evolved significantly, considerably transitioning from a proof-of-concept stage to industrialization. And now there is a growing trend towards translating academic research into commercial and industrial applications, primarily driven by the burgeoning demands of various fields. This paper comprehensively reviews recent advancements in droplet-based microfluidics, covering the fundamental working principles and the critical aspect of scale-up integration from working principles to scale-up integration. Based on the existing scale-up strategies, the paper also outlines the future research directions, identifies the potential opportunities, and addresses the typical unsolved challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Junsheng Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zihan Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jinjia Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Nanjing Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
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13
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Rahimnejad M, Jahangiri S, Zirak Hassan Kiadeh S, Rezvaninejad S, Ahmadi Z, Ahmadi S, Safarkhani M, Rabiee N. Stimuli-responsive biomaterials: smart avenue toward 4D bioprinting. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:860-891. [PMID: 37442771 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2213398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting is an advanced technology combining cells and bioactive molecules within a single bioscaffold; however, this scaffold cannot change, modify or grow in response to a dynamic implemented environment. Lately, a new era of smart polymers and hydrogels has emerged, which can add another dimension, e.g., time to 3D bioprinting, to address some of the current approaches' limitations. This concept is indicated as 4D bioprinting. This approach may assist in fabricating tissue-like structures with a configuration and function that mimic the natural tissue. These scaffolds can change and reform as the tissue are transformed with the potential of specific drug or biomolecules released for various biomedical applications, such as biosensing, wound healing, soft robotics, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, though 4D bioprinting is still in its early stages and more works are required to advance it. In this review article, the critical challenge in the field of 4D bioprinting and transformations from 3D bioprinting to 4D phases is reviewed. Also, the mechanistic aspects from the chemistry and material science point of view are discussed too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Rahimnejad
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, School of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Sepideh Jahangiri
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | | | - Zarrin Ahmadi
- School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Safarkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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14
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He X, Ren F, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Huang J, Cao S, Dong J, Wang R, Wu M, Liu J. Acoustofluidic-based microscopic examination for automated and point-of-care urinalysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3679-3689. [PMID: 38904306 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00408f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Urinalysis is a heavily used diagnostic test in clinical laboratories; however, it is chronically held back by urine sediment microscopic examination. Current instruments are bulky and expensive to be widely adopted, making microscopic examination a procedure that still relies on manual operations and requires large time and labor costs. To improve the efficacy and automation of urinalysis, this study develops an acoustofluidic-based microscopic examination system. The system utilizes the combination of acoustofluidic manipulation and a passive hydrodynamic mechanism, and thus achieves a high throughput (1000 μL min-1) and a high concentration factor (95.2 ± 2.1 fold) simultaneously, fulfilling the demands for urine examination. The concentrated urine sample is automatically dispensed into a hemocytometer chamber and the images are then analyzed using a machine learning algorithm. The whole process is completed within 3 minutes with detection accuracies of erythrocytes and leukocytes of 94.6 ± 3.5% and 95.1 ± 1.8%, respectively. The examination outcome of urine samples from 50 volunteers by this device shows a correlation coefficient of 0.96 compared to manual microscopic examination. Our system offers a promising tool for automated urine microscopic examination, thus it has potential to save a large amount of time and labor in clinical laboratories, as well as to promote point-of-care urine testing applications in and beyond hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Feng Ren
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jiming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Shuye Cao
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jinying Dong
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Renxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Mengxi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Junshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
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15
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Cai Y, Li Z, Sun C, Zhao X, Wu S, Huang G, Tang S, Dai P, Wei X, You H. A centrifugal-driven spiral microchannel microfiltration chip for emulsion and deformable particle sorting. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3738-3751. [PMID: 38978468 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00260a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Droplet sorting and enrichment, as a prominent field within microfluidic technology, represent a pivotal stage in the manipulation of droplets and particles. In recent times, droplet sorting methods based on lab-on-disk (LOD) have garnered significant interest among researchers for their inherent merits, including high throughput, ease of operation, seamless device integration, and independence from supplementary driving forces. This study introduces a centrifugal force-driven microfluidic chip comprising spiral microchannels. The chip incorporates microhole arrays along the sidewall of the spiral channels, enabling size-based sorting and enrichment of microdroplets under the influence of multiple forces. Firstly, a comparative analysis was performed to assess the influence of the separation port structure and rotational speed on efficiency, and a mechanical modeling approach was employed to conduct kinetic analyses of droplet behavior during instantaneous separation. Those findings demonstrated a good agreement with the experimental results at ω < 100 rpm. Subsequently, sorting experiments on homogeneous droplets indicated that repetitive sorting could increase the recovery ratios, RT(α), of high-concentration droplets (20.7%) from 35.3% to over 80%. We also conducted a sorting experiment on three-component homogeneous-phase emulsions using a serially connected chip array, and the sorting throughput was 0.58 mL min-1. As a result, the RT(α) for 60 and 160 μm droplets were 99.4% and 88.9%, respectively. Lastly, we conducted elution experiments and dual-sample sorting on a single chip, and the fluorescence results demonstrated that this study provided an efficient and non-cross-contaminating sorting method for non-homogenous phase multi-sample microreactor units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Cai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Zekun Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Cuimin Sun
- School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xuan Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Shixiong Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guangyong Huang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengchang Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Peng Dai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiangfu Wei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Hui You
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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16
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Greiling TM, Clark JM, Clark JI. The significance of growth shells in development of symmetry, transparency, and refraction of the human lens. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2024; 4:1434327. [PMID: 39100140 PMCID: PMC11294239 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2024.1434327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Human visual function depends on the biological lens, a biconvex optical element formed by coordinated, synchronous generation of growth shells produced from ordered cells at the lens equator, the distal edge of the epithelium. Growth shells are comprised of straight (St) and S-shaped (SSh) lens fibers organized in highly symmetric, sinusoidal pattern which optimizes both the refractile, transparent structure and the unique microcirculation that regulates hydration and nutrition over the lifetime of an individual. The fiber cells are characterized by diversity in composition and age. All fiber cells remain interconnected in their growth shells throughout the life of the adult lens. As an optical element, cellular differentiation is constrained by the physical properties of light and its special development accounts for its characteristic symmetry, gradient of refractive index (GRIN), short range transparent order (SRO), and functional longevity. The complex sinusoidal structure is the basis for the lens microcirculation required for the establishment and maintenance of image formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri M. Greiling
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Judy M. Clark
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - John I. Clark
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biological Structure & Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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17
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Li Y, Sun Q, Hao L, Shan H, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Chen Z, Zhu W, Zhao S. Liposomes Loaded with 5-Fluorouracil Can Improve the Efficacy in Pathological Scars. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:7353-7365. [PMID: 39050869 PMCID: PMC11268756 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s466221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pathological scars, such as hypertrophic scars and keloids, are characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and the deposition of collagen that often cause pruritus, pain, and disfigurement. Due to their high incidence and deformity, pathological scars have resulted in severe physical and psychological trauma for patients. Intralesional injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) is a recommended option for treating pathological scars. However, the efficacy of 5-Fu injection was limited and unstable due to limited drug penetration and short retention time. Methods Liposomes are promising carriers that have advantages, such as high biocompatibility, controlled release property, and enhanced clinical efficacy. Here, we constructed a transdermal 5-Fu-loaded liposome (5-Fu-Lip) to provide a more effective and safer modality to scar treatment. Results Compared to 5-Fu, 5-Fu-Lip showed superior ability in inhibiting primary keloid fibroblasts proliferation, migration, and collagen deposition, and also significantly inhibited human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferation and microvessel construction. In vivo experiments demonstrated that 5-Fu-Lip can significantly reduce the severity of hypertrophic scars in a rabbit ear wounding model. Discussion 5-Fu-Lip provides a promising strategy to improve drug efficacy, which has great potential in the treatment of pathological scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Sun
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingjia Hao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Shan
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixi Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
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Li C, He W, Song Y, Zhang X, Sun J, Zhou Z. Advances of 3D Cell Co-Culture Technology Based on Microfluidic Chips. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:336. [PMID: 39056612 PMCID: PMC11274478 DOI: 10.3390/bios14070336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Cell co-culture technology aims to study the communication mechanism between cells and to better reveal the interactions and regulatory mechanisms involved in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and other cellular activities. This is achieved by simulating the complex organismic environment. Such studies are of great significance for understanding the physiological and pathological processes of multicellular organisms. As an emerging cell cultivation technology, 3D cell co-culture technology, based on microfluidic chips, can efficiently, rapidly, and accurately achieve cell co-culture. This is accomplished by leveraging the unique microchannel structures and flow characteristics of microfluidic chips. The technology can simulate the native microenvironment of cell growth, providing a new technical platform for studying intercellular communication. It has been widely used in the research of oncology, immunology, neuroscience, and other fields. In this review, we summarize and provide insights into the design of cell co-culture systems on microfluidic chips, the detection methods employed in co-culture systems, and the applications of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Intelligence Health Service, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (C.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
| | - Wei He
- Department of Clinical Medical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Yihua Song
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Intelligence Health Service, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (C.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xia Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Intelligence Health Service, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (C.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jianfei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zuojian Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Intelligence Health Service, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (C.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
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19
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Sklenárová D, Hlaváček A, Křivánková J, Brandmeier JC, Weisová J, Řiháček M, Gorris HH, Skládal P, Farka Z. Single-molecule microfluidic assay for prostate-specific antigen based on magnetic beads and upconversion nanoparticles. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3536-3545. [PMID: 38946347 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00346b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Early-stage diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma is essential for successful treatment and, thus, significant prognosis improvement. In laboratory practice, the standard non-invasive diagnostic approach is the immunochemical detection of the associated biomarker, prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Ultrasensitive detection of PSA is essential for both diagnostic and recurrence monitoring purposes. To achieve exceptional sensitivity, we have developed a microfluidic device with a flow-through cell for single-molecule analysis using photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as a detection label. For this purpose, magnetic microparticles (MBs) were first optimized for the capture and preconcentration of PSA and then used to implement a bead-based upconversion-linked immunoassay (ULISA) in the microfluidic device. The digital readout based on counting single nanoparticle-labeled PSA molecules on MBs enabled a detection limit of 1.04 pg mL-1 (36 fM) in 50% fetal bovine serum, which is an 11-fold improvement over the respective analog MB-based ULISA. The microfluidic technique conferred several other advantages, such as easy implementation and the potential for achieving high-throughput analysis. Finally, it was proven that the microfluidic setup is suitable for clinical sample analysis, showing a good correlation with a reference electrochemiluminescence assay (recovery rates between 97% and 105%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Sklenárová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Křivánková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Julian C Brandmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 930 53 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julie Weisová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Řiháček
- Department of Laboratory Methods, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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20
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Zhao H, Zhang Y, Hua D. A Review of Research Progress in Microfluidic Bioseparation and Bioassay. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:893. [PMID: 39064404 PMCID: PMC11278910 DOI: 10.3390/mi15070893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of biotechnology, the importance of microfluidic bioseparation and bioassay in biomedicine, clinical diagnosis, and other fields has become increasingly prominent. Microfluidic technology, with its significant advantages of high throughput, automated operation, and low sample consumption, has brought new breakthroughs in the field of biological separation and bioassay. In this paper, the latest research progress in microfluidic technology in the field of bioseparation and bioassay is reviewed. Then, we focus on the methods of bioseparation including active separation, passive separation, and hybrid separation. At the same time, the latest research results of our group in particle separation are introduced. Finally, some application examples or methods for bioassay after particle separation are listed, and the current challenges and future prospects of bioseparation and bioassay are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dengxin Hua
- Center for Lidar Remote Sensing Research, School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China.; (H.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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21
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Cariati F, Orsi MG, Bagnulo F, Del Mondo D, Vigilante L, De Rosa M, Sciorio R, Conforti A, Fleming S, Alviggi C. Advanced Sperm Selection Techniques for Assisted Reproduction. J Pers Med 2024; 14:726. [PMID: 39063980 PMCID: PMC11278480 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Male infertility accounts for approximately 40% of infertility cases. There are many causes of male infertility, including environmental factors, age, lifestyle, infections, varicocele, and cancerous pathologies. Severe oligozoospermia, cryptozoospermia, and azoospermia (obstructive and non-obstructive) are identified as severe male factor infertility, once considered conditions of sterility. Today, in vitro fertilization (IVF) techniques are the only treatment strategy in cases of male factor infertility for which new methodologies have been developed in the manipulation of spermatozoa to achieve fertilization and increase success rates. This review is an update of in vitro manipulation techniques, in particular sperm selection, emphasizing clinical case-specific methodology. The success of an IVF process is related to infertility diagnosis, appropriate choice of treatment, and effective sperm preparation and selection. In fact, selecting the best spermatozoa to guarantee an optimal paternal heritage means increasing the blastulation, implantation, ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates, resulting in the greater success of IVF techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cariati
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (L.V.); (M.D.R.); (C.A.)
- Fertility Unit, Maternal-Child Department, AOU Federico II Polyclinic, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Orsi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesca Bagnulo
- Fertility Unit, Maternal-Child Department, AOU Federico II Polyclinic, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Daniela Del Mondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luigi Vigilante
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (L.V.); (M.D.R.); (C.A.)
- Fertility Unit, Maternal-Child Department, AOU Federico II Polyclinic, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Martina De Rosa
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (L.V.); (M.D.R.); (C.A.)
- Fertility Unit, Maternal-Child Department, AOU Federico II Polyclinic, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Romualdo Sciorio
- Fertility Medicine and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Department Woman Mother Child, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Conforti
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Steven Fleming
- Discipline of Anatomy & Histology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia;
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (L.V.); (M.D.R.); (C.A.)
- Fertility Unit, Maternal-Child Department, AOU Federico II Polyclinic, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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22
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Fei X, Liang D, Zhao H, Yang Y, Yin M, He Z, Liu Z, Fan X. Preparation of chitosan-hyaluronic acid microcapsules and its dynamic release behavior analysis in a 3D-printed microchannel system: Exploration and verification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133031. [PMID: 38866283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
This research focuses on the challenges of efficiently constructing drug carriers and evaluating their dynamic release in vitro simulation. By using pickering emulsion and layer-by-layer self-assembly methods. The microcapsules had tea tree oil as the core material, SiO2 nanoparticles as stabilizers, and chitosan and hyaluronic acid as shell materials. The microencapsulation mechanism, as well as the effects of core-shell mass ratio and stirring, were discussed. Specifically, a dynamic circulation simulation microchannel system was designed and manufactured based on 3D printing technology. In this simulation system, the release rate of microcapsules is accelerated and the trend changes, with its behavior aligning with the Boltzmann model. The study demonstrates the advantages of self-assembled inorganic-organic drug-loaded microcapsules in terms of controllable fabrication and ease of functional modification, and shows the potential of 3D printed cyclic microchannel systems in terms of operability and simulation fidelity in drug and physiological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Fei
- School of Science, Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Dongchi Liang
- School of Science, Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- School of Science, Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Rianlon Corporation, Tianjin 300480, China.
| | - Yanzi Yang
- School of Science, Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Mingyang Yin
- School of Science, Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhengkuan He
- School of Science, Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zunfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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23
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Stoia D, De Sio L, Petronella F, Focsan M. Recent advances towards point-of-care devices for fungal detection: Emphasizing the role of plasmonic nanomaterials in current and future technologies. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 255:116243. [PMID: 38547645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Fungal infections are a significant global health problem, particularly affecting individuals with weakened immune systems. Moreover, as uncontrolled antibiotic and immunosuppressant use increases continuously, fungal infections have seen a dramatic increase, with some strains developing antibiotic resistance. Traditional approaches to identifying fungal strains often rely on morphological characteristics, thus owning limitations, such as struggles in identifying several strains or distinguishing between fungal strains with similar morphologies. This review explores the multifaceted impact of fungi infections on individuals, healthcare providers, and society, highlighting the often-underestimated economic burden and healthcare implications of these infections. In light of the serious constraints of traditional fungal identification methods, this review discusses the potential of plasmonic nanoparticle-based biosensors for fungal infection identification. These biosensors can enable rapid and precise fungal pathogen detection by exploiting several readout approaches, including various spectroscopic techniques, colorimetric and electrochemical assays, as well as lateral-flow immunoassay methods. Moreover, we report the remarkable impact of plasmonic Lab on a Chip technology and microfluidic devices, as they recently emerged as a class of advanced biosensors. Finally, we provide an overview of smartphone-based Point-of-Care devices and the associated technologies developed for detecting and identifying fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Stoia
- Biomolecular Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Centre, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 42 Treboniu Laurian Street, 400271, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luciano De Sio
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesca Petronella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Crystallography CNR-IC, Area della Ricerca Roma 1 Strada Provinciale 35d, n. 9, 00010, Montelibretti (RM), Italy.
| | - Monica Focsan
- Biomolecular Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Centre, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 42 Treboniu Laurian Street, 400271, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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24
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Iyer RR, Applegate CC, Arogundade OH, Bangru S, Berg IC, Emon B, Porras-Gomez M, Hsieh PH, Jeong Y, Kim Y, Knox HJ, Moghaddam AO, Renteria CA, Richard C, Santaliz-Casiano A, Sengupta S, Wang J, Zambuto SG, Zeballos MA, Pool M, Bhargava R, Gaskins HR. Inspiring a convergent engineering approach to measure and model the tissue microenvironment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32546. [PMID: 38975228 PMCID: PMC11226808 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular and physical complexity of the tissue microenvironment (TiME) in the context of its spatiotemporal organization has remained an enduring challenge. Recent advances in engineering and data science are now promising the ability to study the structure, functions, and dynamics of the TiME in unprecedented detail; however, many advances still occur in silos that rarely integrate information to study the TiME in its full detail. This review provides an integrative overview of the engineering principles underlying chemical, optical, electrical, mechanical, and computational science to probe, sense, model, and fabricate the TiME. In individual sections, we first summarize the underlying principles, capabilities, and scope of emerging technologies, the breakthrough discoveries enabled by each technology and recent, promising innovations. We provide perspectives on the potential of these advances in answering critical questions about the TiME and its role in various disease and developmental processes. Finally, we present an integrative view that appreciates the major scientific and educational aspects in the study of the TiME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishyashring R. Iyer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Catherine C. Applegate
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Opeyemi H. Arogundade
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sushant Bangru
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ian C. Berg
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bashar Emon
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Marilyn Porras-Gomez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Pei-Hsuan Hsieh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yoon Jeong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yongdeok Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hailey J. Knox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Amir Ostadi Moghaddam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Carlos A. Renteria
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Craig Richard
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ashlie Santaliz-Casiano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sourya Sengupta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jason Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Samantha G. Zambuto
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Maria A. Zeballos
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Marcia Pool
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- NIH/NIBIB P41 Center for Label-free Imaging and Multiscale Biophotonics (CLIMB), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - H. Rex Gaskins
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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25
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Li S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang X, Qian C, Wang J, Wu L, Dai C, Yuan H, Wan C, Li J, Du W, Feng X, Li Y, Chen P, Liu BF. Fully Integrated and High-Throughput Microfluidic System for Multiplexed Point-Of-Care Testing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401848. [PMID: 38940626 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
For every epidemic outbreak, the prevention and treatments in resource-limited areas are always out of reach. Critical to this is that high accuracy, stability, and more comprehensive analytical techniques always rely on expensive and bulky instruments and large laboratories. Here, a fully integrated and high-throughput microfluidic system is proposed for ultra-multiple point-of-care immunoassay, termed Dac system. Specifically, the Dac system only requires a handheld portable device to automatically recycle repetitive multi-step reactions including on-demand liquid releasing, dispensing, metering, collecting, oscillatory mixing, and discharging. The Dac system performs high-precision enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for up to 17 samples or targets simultaneously on a single chip. Furthermore, reagent consumption is only 2% compared to conventional ELISA, and microbubble-accelerated reactions shorten the assay time by more than half. As a proof of concept, the multiplexed detections are achieved by detecting at least four infection targets for two samples simultaneously on a singular chip. Furthermore, the barcode-based multi-target results can rapidly distinguish between five similar cases, allowing for accurate therapeutic interventions. Compared to bulky clinical instruments, the accuracy of clinical inflammation classification is 92.38% (n = 105), with a quantitative correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9838, while the clinical specificity is 100% and the sensitivity is 98.93%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jingxuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xing Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chungen Qian
- Department of Reagent Research and Development, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Reagent Research and Development, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- Department of Reagent Research and Development, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Chenxi Dai
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chao Wan
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiashuo Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Du
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaojun Feng
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yiwei Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Tanriverdi S, Cruz J, Habibi S, Amini K, Costa M, Lundell F, Mårtensson G, Brandt L, Tammisola O, Russom A. Elasto-inertial focusing and particle migration in high aspect ratio microchannels for high-throughput separation. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:87. [PMID: 38919163 PMCID: PMC11196675 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The combination of flow elasticity and inertia has emerged as a viable tool for focusing and manipulating particles using microfluidics. Although there is considerable interest in the field of elasto-inertial microfluidics owing to its potential applications, research on particle focusing has been mostly limited to low Reynolds numbers (Re<1), and particle migration toward equilibrium positions has not been extensively examined. In this work, we thoroughly studied particle focusing on the dynamic range of flow rates and particle migration using straight microchannels with a single inlet high aspect ratio. We initially explored several parameters that had an impact on particle focusing, such as the particle size, channel dimensions, concentration of viscoelastic fluid, and flow rate. Our experimental work covered a wide range of dimensionless numbers (0.05 < Reynolds number < 85, 1.5 < Weissenberg number < 3800, 5 < Elasticity number < 470) using 3, 5, 7, and 10 µm particles. Our results showed that the particle size played a dominant role, and by tuning the parameters, particle focusing could be achieved at Reynolds numbers ranging from 0.2 (1 µL/min) to 85 (250 µL/min). Furthermore, we numerically and experimentally studied particle migration and reported differential particle migration for high-resolution separations of 5 µm, 7 µm and 10 µm particles in a sheathless flow at a throughput of 150 µL/min. Our work elucidates the complex particle transport in elasto-inertial flows and has great potential for the development of high-throughput and high-resolution particle separation for biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Tanriverdi
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, 171 65 Sweden
| | - Javier Cruz
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, 171 65 Sweden
- Division of Microsystems Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 37 Sweden
| | - Shahriar Habibi
- FLOW and SeRC (Swedish e-Science Research Centre), Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 100 44 Sweden
| | - Kasra Amini
- FLOW and Fluid Physics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martim Costa
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, 171 65 Sweden
| | - Fredrik Lundell
- FLOW and Fluid Physics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 100 44 Sweden
| | - Gustaf Mårtensson
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, 171 65 Sweden
| | - Luca Brandt
- FLOW and SeRC (Swedish e-Science Research Centre), Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 100 44 Sweden
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Outi Tammisola
- FLOW and SeRC (Swedish e-Science Research Centre), Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE 100 44 Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, 171 65 Sweden
- AIMES Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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Nebuloni F, Deroy C, Cook PR, Walsh EJ. Stable diffusion gradients in microfluidic conduits bounded by fluid walls. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:79. [PMID: 38911344 PMCID: PMC11189932 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Assays mimicking in vitro the concentration gradients triggering biological responses like those involved in fighting infections and blood clotting are essential for biomedical research. Microfluidic assays prove especially attractive as they allow precise control of gradient shape allied to a reduction in scale. Conventional microfluidic devices are fabricated using solid plastics that prevent direct access to responding cells. Fluid-walled microfluidics allows the manufacture of circuits on standard Petri dishes in seconds, coupled to simple operating methods; cell-culture medium sitting in a standard dish is confined to circuits by fluid walls made of an immiscible fluorocarbon. We develop and experimentally validate an analytical model of diffusion between two or more aqueous streams flowing at different rates into a fluid-walled conduit with the cross-section of a circular segment. Unlike solid walls, fluid walls morph during flows as pressures fall, with wall shape changing down the conduit. The model is validated experimentally for Fourier numbers < 0.1 using fluorescein diffusing between laminar streams. It enables a priori prediction of concentration gradients throughout a conduit, so allowing rapid circuit design as well as providing bio-scientists with an accurate way of predicting local concentrations of bioactive molecules around responsive and non-responsive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Nebuloni
- Department of Engineering Science, Osney Thermo-Fluids Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 0ES UK
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE UK
| | - Cyril Deroy
- Department of Engineering Science, Osney Thermo-Fluids Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 0ES UK
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE UK
| | - Peter R. Cook
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE UK
| | - Edmond J. Walsh
- Department of Engineering Science, Osney Thermo-Fluids Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 0ES UK
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28
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Bendre A, Somasekhara D, Nadumane VK, Sriram G, Bilimagga RS, Kurkuri MD. Design and Application of Microfluidic Capture Device for Physical-Magnetic Isolation of MCF-7 Circulating Tumor Cells. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:308. [PMID: 38920612 PMCID: PMC11201624 DOI: 10.3390/bios14060308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a type of cancer cell that spreads from the main tumor to the bloodstream, and they are often the most important among the various entities that can be isolated from the blood. For the diagnosis of cancer, conventional biopsies are often invasive and unreliable, whereas a liquid biopsy, which isolates the affected item from blood or lymph fluid, is a less invasive and effective diagnostic technique. Microfluidic technologies offer a suitable channel for conducting liquid biopsies, and this technology is utilized to extract CTCs in a microfluidic chip by physical and bio-affinity-based techniques. This effort uses functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in a unique microfluidic chip to collect CTCs using a hybrid (physical and bio-affinity-based/guided magnetic) capturing approach with a high capture rate. Accordingly, folic acid-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been used to capture MCF-7 (breast cancer) CTCs with capture efficiencies reaching up to 95% at a 10 µL/min flow rate. Moreover, studies have been conducted to support this claim, including simulation and biomimetic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Bendre
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India;
| | - Derangula Somasekhara
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be-University), JC Road, 34, 1st Cross Road, Sudharna Nagar, Bengaluru 560027, Karnataka, India; (D.S.); (V.K.N.)
| | - Varalakshmi K. Nadumane
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be-University), JC Road, 34, 1st Cross Road, Sudharna Nagar, Bengaluru 560027, Karnataka, India; (D.S.); (V.K.N.)
| | - Ganesan Sriram
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ramesh S. Bilimagga
- Department of Minimal Access, GI and Bariatric Surgery, Fortis Hospital, 14, Cunningham Road, Bengaluru 560052, Karnataka, India;
| | - Mahaveer D. Kurkuri
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India;
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre (IDRC), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India
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29
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Kim J, Lee SJ. Digital in-line holographic microscopy for label-free identification and tracking of biological cells. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:38. [PMID: 38867274 PMCID: PMC11170804 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Digital in-line holographic microscopy (DIHM) is a non-invasive, real-time, label-free technique that captures three-dimensional (3D) positional, orientational, and morphological information from digital holographic images of living biological cells. Unlike conventional microscopies, the DIHM technique enables precise measurements of dynamic behaviors exhibited by living cells within a 3D volume. This review outlines the fundamental principles and comprehensive digital image processing procedures employed in DIHM-based cell tracking methods. In addition, recent applications of DIHM technique for label-free identification and digital tracking of various motile biological cells, including human blood cells, spermatozoa, diseased cells, and unicellular microorganisms, are thoroughly examined. Leveraging artificial intelligence has significantly enhanced both the speed and accuracy of digital image processing for cell tracking and identification. The quantitative data on cell morphology and dynamics captured by DIHM can effectively elucidate the underlying mechanisms governing various microbial behaviors and contribute to the accumulation of diagnostic databases and the development of clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihwan Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Joon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Toscano E, Cimmino E, Pennacchio FA, Riccio P, Poli A, Liu YJ, Maiuri P, Sepe L, Paolella G. Methods and computational tools to study eukaryotic cell migration in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1385991. [PMID: 38887515 PMCID: PMC11180820 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1385991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular movement is essential for many vital biological functions where it plays a pivotal role both at the single cell level, such as during division or differentiation, and at the macroscopic level within tissues, where coordinated migration is crucial for proper morphogenesis. It also has an impact on various pathological processes, one for all, cancer spreading. Cell migration is a complex phenomenon and diverse experimental methods have been developed aimed at dissecting and analysing its distinct facets independently. In parallel, corresponding analytical procedures and tools have been devised to gain deep insight and interpret experimental results. Here we review established experimental techniques designed to investigate specific aspects of cell migration and present a broad collection of historical as well as cutting-edge computational tools used in quantitative analysis of cell motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Toscano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Cimmino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio A. Pennacchio
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrizia Riccio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Paolo Maiuri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Leandra Sepe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Paolella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
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31
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Yuan Y, Zhong Y, Yang Y, Li K. Rapid diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction through integrated microfluidic chips for detection of characteristic targets. Anal Biochem 2024; 689:115502. [PMID: 38453047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Myoglobin (Myo), creatine kinase-MB (CKMB), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are crucial biomarkers for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) The accurate and rapid detection of these three targets can greatly improve the prognosis of AMI patients. Herein, this study developed a microfluidic immunofluorescence method that can detect all three targets in 10-15 min. Ultrasonic atomization and spray technology are used to modify the surface of the injection-molded microfluidic chip (MFC), which effectively solves the problem of biological cross-linking and antibody immobilization on the MFC surface. In addition, it improves the hydrophilicity of the chip surface, thus enhancing fluid self-driving effect. The linear response towards Myo, CKMB and cTnI range from 5 ng/mL to 500 ng/mL, 1 ng/mL to 70 ng/mL, and 0.05 ng/mL to 30 ng/mL, respectively. The intra-batch precision is ≤ 10%, and the inter-batch precision is ≤ 15%. Furthermore, this method shows good consistency compared with the BECKMAN ACCESS2 chemiluminescent immunoanalyzer. The present work provides an AMI diagnostic method with high sensitivity, good repeatability, high accuracy and simple operation, which can satisfy the needs of clinical diagnosis, and shows promising application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400054, PR China
| | - Yue Zhong
- Chongqing Novos Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 401147, PR China
| | - Yanbin Yang
- Chongqing Novos Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 401147, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400054, PR China; Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 516600, PR China.
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32
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Khashayar P, Lopes P, Ragaert P, Hoogenboom R, Latta D, Gransee R, Lenartowicz D, Biggs P, Etxebarria I, Luegger B, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Dimai HP, Vanfleteren J. PoCOsteo: generic novel platform for bone turnover marker measurement & monitoring. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3337-3348. [PMID: 38738371 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00207e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Despite the increasing efforts in improving bone health assessments, current diagnostics suffer from critical shortcomings. The present article therefore describes a multiplex label-free immunosensor designed and validated for the assessment of two bone turnover markers (BTMs), namely beta isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx) and Procollagen I Intact N-Terminal (PINP), the combination of which is needed to illustrate an accurate overview of bone health. The immunosensor was then tested outside and inside of a microsystem, with the aim of becoming compatible with a point of care system fabricated for automated assessment of these biomarkers later-on at patient side. Custom-made monoclonal antibodies were specifically designed for this purpose in order to guarantee the selectivity of the immunosensor. In the final platform, a finger prick blood sample is introduced into the microfluidic manifolds without any need for sample preparation step, making the tool suitable for near patient and outside of the central laboratory applications. The platform was exploited in 30 real blood samples with the results validated using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The results revealed the platform was capable of measuring the target analyte with high sensitivity and beyond the recommended clinical reference range for each biomarker (CTx: 104-1028 ng L-1 and PINP: 16-96 μg L-1, correspondingly). They also showed the platform to have a limit of detection of 15 (ng L-1) and 0.66 (μg L-1), a limit of quantification of 49 (ng L-1) and 2.21 (μg L-1), and an inter- and intra-assay coefficient of variance of 5.39-6.97% and 6.81-5.37%, for CTx and PINP respectively, which is comparable with the gold standard. The main advantage of the platform over the state-of-the art was the capability of providing the results for two markers recommended for assessing bone health within 15 minutes and without the need for skilled personnel or costly infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Khashayar
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec & Ghent University, Zwijnaarde, Gent, Belgium.
- International Institute for Biosensing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Paula Lopes
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec & Ghent University, Zwijnaarde, Gent, Belgium.
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Peter Ragaert
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Daniel Latta
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikrotechnik und Mikrosysteme IMM, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rainer Gransee
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Mikrotechnik und Mikrosysteme IMM, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Luegger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Hans Peter Dimai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria
| | - Jan Vanfleteren
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec & Ghent University, Zwijnaarde, Gent, Belgium.
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33
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Wei W, Wang Z, Wang B, Pang W, Yang Q, Duan X. Concentration of Microparticles/Cells Based on an Ultra-Fast Centrifuge Virtual Tunnel Driven by a Novel Lamb Wave Resonator Array. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:280. [PMID: 38920584 PMCID: PMC11202289 DOI: 10.3390/bios14060280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The µTAS/LOC, a highly integrated microsystem, consolidates multiple bioanalytical functions within a single chip, enhancing efficiency and precision in bioanalysis and biomedical operations. Microfluidic centrifugation, a key component of LOC devices, enables rapid capture and enrichment of tiny objects in samples, improving sensitivity and accuracy of detection and diagnosis. However, microfluidic systems face challenges due to viscosity dominance and difficulty in vortex formation. Acoustic-based centrifugation, particularly those using surface acoustic waves (SAWs), have shown promise in applications such as particle concentration, separation, and droplet mixing. However, challenges include accurate droplet placement, energy loss from off-axis positioning, and limited energy transfer from low-frequency SAW resonators, restricting centrifugal speed and sample volume. In this work, we introduce a novel ring array composed of eight Lamb wave resonators (LWRs), forming an Ultra-Fast Centrifuge Tunnel (UFCT) in a microfluidic system. The UFCT eliminates secondary vortices, concentrating energy in the main vortex and maximizing acoustic-to-streaming energy conversion. It enables ultra-fast centrifugation with a larger liquid capacity (50 μL), reduced power usage (50 mW) that is one order of magnitude smaller than existing devices, and greater linear speed (62 mm/s), surpassing the limitations of prior methods. We demonstrate successful high-fold enrichment of 2 μm and 10 μm particles and explore the UFCT's potential in tissue engineering by encapsulating cells in a hydrogel-based micro-organ with a ring structure, which is of great significance for building more complex manipulation platforms for particles and cells in a bio-compatible and contactless manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qingrui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (W.W.); (Z.W.); (B.W.); (W.P.)
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (W.W.); (Z.W.); (B.W.); (W.P.)
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34
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De Peña AC, Zimmer D, Gutterman-Johns E, Chen NM, Tripathi A, Bailey-Hytholt CM. Electrophoretic Microfluidic Characterization of mRNA- and pDNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26984-26997. [PMID: 38753459 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are clinically advanced nonviral gene delivery vehicles with a demonstrated ability to address viral, oncological, and genetic diseases. However, the further development of LNP therapies requires rapid analytical techniques to support their development and manufacturing. The method developed and described in this paper presents an approach to rapidly and accurately analyze LNPs for optimized therapeutic loading by utilizing an electrophoresis microfluidic platform to analyze the composition of LNPs with different clinical lipid compositions (Onpattro, Comirnaty, and Spikevax) and nucleic acid (plasmid DNA (pDNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA)) formulations. This method enables the high-throughput screening of LNPs using a 96- or 384-well plate with approximate times of 2-4 min per sample using a total volume of 11 μL. The lipid analysis requires concentrations approximately between 109 and 1010 particles/mL and has an average precision error of 10.4% and a prediction error of 19.1% when compared to using a NanoSight, while the nucleic acid analysis requires low concentrations of 1.17 ng/μL for pDNA and 0.17 ng/μL for mRNA and has an average precision error of 4.8% and a prediction error of 9.4% when compared to using a PicoGreen and RiboGreen assay. In addition, our method quantifies the relative concentration of nucleic acid per LNP. Utilizing this approach, we observed an average of 263 ± 62.2 mRNA per LNP and 126.3 ± 21.2 pDNA per LNP for the LNP formulations used in this study, where the accuracy of these estimations is dependent on reference standards. We foresee the utility of this technique in the high-throughput characterization of LNPs during manufacturing and formulation research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Coll De Peña
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Daniel Zimmer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Everett Gutterman-Johns
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Nicole M Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Anubhav Tripathi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Christina M Bailey-Hytholt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
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35
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Wells TN, Schmidt H, Hawkins AR. Constrained Volume Micro- and Nanoparticle Collection Methods in Microfluidic Systems. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:699. [PMID: 38930668 PMCID: PMC11206162 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Particle trapping and enrichment into confined volumes can be useful in particle processing and analysis. This review is an evaluation of the methods used to trap and enrich particles into constrained volumes in microfluidic and nanofluidic systems. These methods include physical, optical, electrical, magnetic, acoustic, and some hybrid techniques, all capable of locally enhancing nano- and microparticle concentrations on a microscale. Some key qualitative and quantitative comparison points are also explored, illustrating the specific applicability and challenges of each method. A few applications of these types of particle trapping are also discussed, including enhancing biological and chemical sensors, particle washing techniques, and fluid medium exchange systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner N. Wells
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Holger Schmidt
- School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Aaron R. Hawkins
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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36
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AK N, Kumar S. Integration of 2D Nanoporous Membranes in Microfluidic Devices. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22305-22312. [PMID: 38799317 PMCID: PMC11112725 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
2D material-based membranes have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation separation technology due to their exceptional permeability and selectivity. Integration of these membranes into microfluidic devices has offered significant potential for improving the efficiency, throughput, and precision. However, designing compact and reliable microfluidic devices with membranes has many challenges, including complexities in membrane integration, analyte measurement, and contamination issues. Addressing these challenges is critical for unlocking the full potential of membrane-integrated devices. This paper proposes a systematic procedure for integrating membranes into a microfluidic device by creating a pore in the middle layer. Furthermore, an ion transport experiment is carried out across various stacked graphene and poly carbonate track etch membranes in an Ostemer-based device. The resulting device is capable of facilitating the concurrent measurement, a task that is cumbersome in standard macroscopic diffusion cells. The transparency and compactness of the microfluidic device allowed for the in situ and real-time optical characterization of analytes. The integration of microfluidic devices with 2D nanoporous membranes has enabled the incorporation of several analytical modalities, resulting in a highly versatile platform with numerous applications.
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37
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Du C, Liu J, Liu S, Xiao P, Chen Z, Chen H, Huang W, Lei Y. Bone and Joint-on-Chip Platforms: Construction Strategies and Applications. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400436. [PMID: 38763918 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip, also known as "tissue chip," is an advanced platform based on microfluidic systems for constructing miniature organ models in vitro. They can replicate the complex physiological and pathological responses of human organs. In recent years, the development of bone and joint-on-chip platforms aims to simulate the complex physiological and pathological processes occurring in human bones and joints, including cell-cell interactions, the interplay of various biochemical factors, the effects of mechanical stimuli, and the intricate connections between multiple organs. In the future, bone and joint-on-chip platforms will integrate the advantages of multiple disciplines, bringing more possibilities for exploring disease mechanisms, drug screening, and personalized medicine. This review explores the construction and application of Organ-on-a-chip technology in bone and joint disease research, proposes a modular construction concept, and discusses the new opportunities and future challenges in the construction and application of bone and joint-on-chip platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiacheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Senrui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Pengcheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhuolin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yiting Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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38
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Shafique H, Karamzadeh V, Kim G, Shen ML, Morocz Y, Sohrabi-Kashani A, Juncker D. High-resolution low-cost LCD 3D printing for microfluidics and organ-on-a-chip devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2774-2790. [PMID: 38682609 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc01125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of microfluidic devices has progressed from cleanroom manufacturing to replica molding in polymers, and more recently to direct manufacturing by subtractive (e.g., laser machining) and additive (e.g., 3D printing) techniques, notably digital light processing (DLP) photopolymerization. However, many methods require technical expertise and DLP 3D printers remain expensive at a cost ∼15-30 K USD with ∼8 M pixels that are 25-40 μm in size. Here, we introduce (i) the use of low-cost (∼150-600 USD) liquid crystal display (LCD) photopolymerization 3D printing with ∼8-58 M pixels that are 18-35 μm in size for direct microfluidic device fabrication, and (ii) a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-based ink developed for LCD 3D printing (PLInk). We optimized PLInk for high resolution, fast 3D printing and biocompatibility while considering the illumination inhomogeneity and low power density of LCD 3D printers. We made lateral features as small as 75 μm, 22 μm-thick embedded membranes, and circular channels with a 110 μm radius. We 3D printed microfluidic devices previously manufactured by other methods, including an embedded 3D micromixer, a membrane microvalve, and an autonomous capillaric circuit (CC) deployed for interferon-γ detection with excellent performance (limit of detection: 12 pg mL-1, CV: 6.8%). We made PLInk-based organ-on-a-chip devices in 384-well plate format and produced 3420 individual devices within an 8 h print run. We used the devices to co-culture two spheroids separated by a vascular barrier over 5 days and observed endothelial sprouting, cellular reorganization, and migration. LCD 3D printing together with tailored inks pave the way for democratizing access to high-resolution manufacturing of ready-to-use microfluidic and organ-on-a-chip devices by anyone, anywhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Shafique
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vahid Karamzadeh
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Geunyong Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Molly L Shen
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yonatan Morocz
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ahmad Sohrabi-Kashani
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Juncker
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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39
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Rane A, Tate S, Sumey JL, Zhong Q, Zong H, Purow B, Caliari SR, Swami NS. Open-Top Patterned Hydrogel-Laden 3D Glioma Cell Cultures for Creation of Dynamic Chemotactic Gradients to Direct Cell Migration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3470-3477. [PMID: 38652035 PMCID: PMC11094679 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The laminar flow profiles in microfluidic systems coupled to rapid diffusion at flow streamlines have been widely utilized to create well-controlled chemical gradients in cell cultures for spatially directing cell migration. However, within hydrogel-based closed microfluidic systems of limited depth (≤0.1 mm), the biomechanical cues for the cell culture are dominated by cell interactions with channel surfaces rather than with the hydrogel microenvironment. Also, leaching of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) constituents in closed systems and the adsorption of small molecules to PDMS alter chemotactic profiles. To address these limitations, we present the patterning and integration of a PDMS-free open fluidic system, wherein the cell-laden hydrogel directly adjoins longitudinal channels that are designed to create chemotactic gradients across the 3D culture width, while maintaining uniformity across its ∼1 mm depth to enhance cell-biomaterial interactions. This hydrogel-based open fluidic system is assessed for its ability to direct migration of U87 glioma cells using a hybrid hydrogel that includes hyaluronic acid (HA) to mimic the brain tumor microenvironment and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) to offer the adhesion motifs for promoting cell migration. Chemotactic gradients to induce cell migration across the hydrogel width are assessed using the chemokine CXCL12, and its inhibition by AMD3100 is validated. This open-top hydrogel-based fluidic system to deliver chemoattractant cues over square-centimeter-scale areas and millimeter-scale depths can potentially serve as a robust screening platform to assess emerging glioma models and chemotherapeutic agents to eradicate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Rane
- Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Steven Tate
- Electrical
and Computer Engineering, University of
Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Jenna L. Sumey
- Chemical
Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Qing Zhong
- Neurology,
School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Hui Zong
- Microbiology,
Immunology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Benjamin Purow
- Neurology,
School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Steven R. Caliari
- Chemical
Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Biomedical
Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Nathan S. Swami
- Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Electrical
and Computer Engineering, University of
Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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40
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Xi Q, Wang SY, Deng XB, Zhang CH. Catalytic Hairpin Assembly-Based Self-Ratiometric Gel Electrophoresis Detection Platform for Reliable Nucleic Acid Analysis. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:232. [PMID: 38785706 PMCID: PMC11118829 DOI: 10.3390/bios14050232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of gel electrophoresis-based biodetection assays for point-of-care analysis are highly demanding. In this work, we proposed a ratiometric gel electrophoresis-based biosensing platform by employing catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) process functions as both the signal output and the signal amplification module. Two types of nucleic acids, DNA and miRNA, are chosen for demonstration. The proposed strategy indeed provides a new paradigm for the design of a portable detection platform and may hold great potential for sensitive diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xi
- Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Affiliated Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases of University of South China, Changsha 410007, China; (Q.X.); (S.-Y.W.)
| | - Si-Yi Wang
- Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Affiliated Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases of University of South China, Changsha 410007, China; (Q.X.); (S.-Y.W.)
| | - Xiao-Bing Deng
- Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Affiliated Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases of University of South China, Changsha 410007, China; (Q.X.); (S.-Y.W.)
| | - Chong-Hua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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41
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Wang Y, He X, Huang K, Cheng N. Nanozyme as a rising star for metabolic disease management. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:226. [PMID: 38711066 PMCID: PMC11071342 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanozyme, characterized by outstanding and inherent enzyme-mimicking properties, have emerged as highly promising alternatives to natural enzymes owning to their exceptional attributes such as regulation of oxidative stress, convenient storage, adjustable catalytic activities, remarkable stability, and effortless scalability for large-scale production. Given the potent regulatory function of nanozymes on oxidative stress and coupled with the fact that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in the occurrence and exacerbation of metabolic diseases, nanozyme offer a unique perspective for therapy through multifunctional activities, achieving essential results in the treatment of metabolic diseases by directly scavenging excess ROS or regulating pathologically related molecules. The rational design strategies, nanozyme-enabled therapeutic mechanisms at the cellular level, and the therapies of nanozyme for several typical metabolic diseases and underlying mechanisms are discussed, mainly including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, diabetic wound healing, and others. Finally, the pharmacokinetics, safety analysis, challenges, and outlooks for the application of nanozyme are also presented. This review will provide some instructive perspectives on nanozyme and promote the development of enzyme-mimicking strategies in metabolic disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PR China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PR China, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PR China, Beijing, China.
| | - Nan Cheng
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PR China, Beijing, China.
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Morais AS, Mendes M, Cordeiro MA, Sousa JJ, Pais AC, Mihăilă SM, Vitorino C. Organ-on-a-Chip: Ubi sumus? Fundamentals and Design Aspects. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:615. [PMID: 38794277 PMCID: PMC11124787 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review outlines the evolutionary journey from traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture to the revolutionary field of organ-on-a-chip technology. Organ-on-a-chip technology integrates microfluidic systems to mimic the complex physiological environments of human organs, surpassing the limitations of conventional 2D cultures. This evolution has opened new possibilities for understanding cell-cell interactions, cellular responses, drug screening, and disease modeling. However, the design and manufacture of microchips significantly influence their functionality, reliability, and applicability to different biomedical applications. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider design parameters, including the number of channels (single, double, or multi-channels), the channel shape, and the biological context. Simultaneously, the selection of appropriate materials compatible with the cells and fabrication methods optimize the chips' capabilities for specific applications, mitigating some disadvantages associated with these systems. Furthermore, the success of organ-on-a-chip platforms greatly depends on the careful selection and utilization of cell resources. Advances in stem cell technology and tissue engineering have contributed to the availability of diverse cell sources, facilitating the development of more accurate and reliable organ-on-a-chip models. In conclusion, a holistic perspective of in vitro cellular modeling is provided, highlighting the integration of microfluidic technology and meticulous chip design, which play a pivotal role in replicating organ-specific microenvironments. At the same time, the sensible use of cell resources ensures the fidelity and applicability of these innovative platforms in several biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Morais
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (M.M.); (M.A.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Maria Mendes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (M.M.); (M.A.C.); (J.J.S.)
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Marta Agostinho Cordeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (M.M.); (M.A.C.); (J.J.S.)
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - João J. Sousa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (M.M.); (M.A.C.); (J.J.S.)
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Alberto Canelas Pais
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Silvia M. Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (M.M.); (M.A.C.); (J.J.S.)
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
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43
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Zhu L, Cui X, Jiang L, Fang F, Liu B. Application and prospect of microfluidic devices for rapid assay of cell activities in the tumor microenvironment. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:031506. [PMID: 38899164 PMCID: PMC11185871 DOI: 10.1063/5.0206058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The global impact of cancer on human health has raised significant concern. In this context, the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in the tumorigenesis and malignant progression. In order to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of therapeutic outcomes, there is an imminent requirement for in vitro models that can accurately replicate the intricate characteristics and constituents of TME. Microfluidic devices exhibit notable advantages in investigating the progression and treatment of tumors and have the potential to become a novel methodology for evaluating immune cell activities in TME and assist clinicians in assessing the prognosis of patients. In addition, it shows great advantages compared to traditional cell experiments. Therefore, the review first outlines the applications and advantages of microfluidic chips in facilitating tumor cell culture, constructing TME and investigating immune cell activities. Second, the roles of microfluidic devices in the analysis of circulating tumor cells, tumor prognosis, and drug screening have also been mentioned. Moreover, a forward-looking perspective is discussed, anticipating the widespread clinical adoption of microfluidic devices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Zhu
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xueling Cui
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Department of Oral Comprehensive Therapy, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Boyang Liu
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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44
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Gao F, Rafiq M, Cong H, Yu B, Shen Y. Current research status and development prospects of embolic microspheres containing biological macromolecules and others. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131494. [PMID: 38608974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Transcatheter arterial embolization (TACE) has been used in the treatment of malignant tumors, sudden hemorrhage, uterine fibroids, and other diseases, and with advances in imaging techniques and devices, materials science, and drug release technology, more and more embolic agents that are drug-carrying, self-imaging, or have multiple functions are being developed. Microspheres provide safer and more effective therapeutic results as embolic agents, with their unique spherical appearance and good embolic properties. Embolic microspheres are the key to arterial embolization, blocking blood flow and nutrient supply to the tumor target. This review summarizes some of the currently published embolic microspheres, classifies embolic microspheres according to matrix, and summarizes the characteristics of the microsphere materials, the current status of research, directions, and the value of existing and potential applications. It provides a direction to promote the development of embolic microspheres towards multifunctionalization, and provides a reference to promote the research and application of embolic microspheres in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Muhammad Rafiq
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Youqing Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
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45
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Young OM, Xu X, Sarker S, Sochol RD. Direct laser writing-enabled 3D printing strategies for microfluidic applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2371-2396. [PMID: 38576361 PMCID: PMC11060139 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00743j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, additive manufacturing-or "three-dimensional (3D) printing"-has attracted increasing attention in the Lab on a Chip community as a pathway to achieve sophisticated system architectures that are difficult or infeasible to fabricate via conventional means. One particularly promising 3D manufacturing technology is "direct laser writing (DLW)", which leverages two-photon (or multi-photon) polymerization (2PP) phenomena to enable high geometric versatility, print speeds, and precision at length scales down to the 100 nm range. Although researchers have demonstrated the potential of using DLW for microfluidic applications ranging from organ on a chip and drug delivery to micro/nanoparticle processing and soft microrobotics, such scenarios present unique challenges for DLW. Specifically, microfluidic systems typically require macro-to-micro fluidic interfaces (e.g., inlet and outlet ports) to facilitate fluidic loading, control, and retrieval operations; however, DLW-based 3D printing relies on a micron-to-submicron-sized 2PP volume element (i.e., "voxel") that is poorly suited for manufacturing these larger-scale fluidic interfaces. In this Tutorial Review, we highlight and discuss the four most prominent strategies that researchers have developed to circumvent this trade-off and realize macro-to-micro interfaces for DLW-enabled microfluidic components and systems. In addition, we consider the possibility that-with the advent of next-generation commercial DLW printers equipped with new dynamic voxel tuning, print field, and laser power capabilities-the overall utility of DLW strategies for Lab on a Chip fields may soon expand dramatically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Young
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 2147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 2147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Sunandita Sarker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 2147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
- Maryland Robotics Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Ryan D Sochol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 2147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
- Maryland Robotics Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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46
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Dawood AS, Kroush FA, Abumandour RM, Eldesoky IM. Pulsatile nanofluid flow with variable pressure gradient and heat transfer in wavy channel. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9351. [PMID: 38654016 PMCID: PMC11039767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This research contributes to the comprehension of nanofluid behaviour through a wavy channel, emphasizing the significance of considering diverse influences in the modelling process. The study explores the collective influence of pressure gradient variation, magnetic field, porosity, channel waviness, nanoparticle concentration, and heat transfer on nano-blood flow in a two-dimensional wavy channel. In contrast to prior research assuming a constant pulsatile pressure gradient during channel waviness, this innovative study introduces a variable pressure gradient, significantly influencing several associated parameters. The mathematical model characterizing nano-blood flow in a horizontally wavy channel is solved using the perturbation technique. Analytical solutions for fundamental variables such as stream function, velocity, wall shear stress, pressure gradient, and temperature are visually depicted across different physical parameters values. The findings obtained for differing parameter values in the given problem demonstrate a significant influence of the amplitude ratio parameter of channel waviness, Hartmann number of the magnetic field, permeability parameter of the porous medium, volume fraction of nanoparticles, radiation parameter, Prandtl number, and the suction/injection parameter on the flow dynamics. The simulations provide valuable insights into the decrease in velocity with increasing magnetic field and its increase with higher permeability. Additionally, the temperature is observed to escalate with a rising nanoparticle volume fraction and radiation parameter, while it declines with increasing Prandtl number.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Dawood
- Basic Engineering Sciences Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32513, Egypt.
| | - Faisal A Kroush
- Basic Engineering Sciences Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32513, Egypt
| | - Ramzy M Abumandour
- Basic Engineering Sciences Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32513, Egypt
| | - Islam M Eldesoky
- Basic Engineering Sciences Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32513, Egypt
- Dean of Menofia Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, El-Bagour, 32829, Egypt
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47
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Zhang P, Niemelä E, López Cerdá S, Sorvisto P, Virtanen J, Santos HA. Host-Directed Virus-Mimicking Particles Interacting with the ACE2 Receptor Competitively Block Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Entry. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4064-4071. [PMID: 38466130 PMCID: PMC11010226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we fabricate host-directed virus-mimicking particles (VMPs) to block the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into host cells through competitive inhibition enabled by their interactions with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. A microfluidic platform is developed to fabricate a lipid core of the VMPs with a narrow size distribution and a low level of batch-to-batch variation. The resultant solid lipid nanoparticles are decorated with an average of 231 or 444 Spike S1 RBD protrusions mimicking either the original SARS-CoV-2 or its delta variant, respectively. Compared with that of the nonfunctionalized core, the cell uptake of the functionalized VMPs is enhanced with ACE2-expressing cells due to their strong interactions with the ACE2 receptor. The fabricated VMPs efficiently block the entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirions into host cells and suppress viral infection. Overall, this study provides potential strategies for preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 or other coronaviruses employing the ACE2 receptor to enter into host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Erik Niemelä
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Sandra López Cerdá
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Pasi Sorvisto
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Jani Virtanen
- Finncure
Oy, Lars Sonckin Kaari
14, Espoo 02600, Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Department
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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48
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Lin D, Wang S, Xu W, Chen Y, Li P, Fang YG, Zhao W, Duan X, Yang X, Jiang Z, Fang WH, Zeng XC, Francisco JS, Gao Y. Topological wetting states of microdroplets on closed-loop structured surfaces: Breakdown of the Gibbs equation at the microscale. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315730121. [PMID: 38557188 PMCID: PMC11009642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315730121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Microdroplets are a class of soft matter that has been extensively employed for chemical, biochemical, and industrial applications. However, fabricating microdroplets with largely controllable contact-area shape and apparent contact angle, a key prerequisite for their applications, is still a challenge. Here, by engineering a type of surface with homocentric closed-loop microwalls/microchannels, we can achieve facile size, shape, and contact-angle tunability of microdroplets on the textured surfaces by design. More importantly, this class of surface topologies (with universal genus value = 1) allows us to reveal that the conventional Gibbs equation (widely used for assessing the edge effect on the apparent contact angle of macrodroplets) seems no longer applicable for water microdroplets or nanodroplets (evidenced by independent molecular dynamics simulations). Notably, for the flat surface with the intrinsic contact angle ~0°, we find that the critical contact angle on the microtextured counterparts (at edge angle 90°) can be as large as >130°, rather than 90° according to the Gibbs equation. Experiments show that the breakdown of the Gibbs equation occurs for microdroplets of different types of liquids including alcohol and hydrocarbon oils. Overall, the microtextured surface design and topological wetting states not only offer opportunities for diverse applications of microdroplets such as controllable chemical reactions and low-cost circuit fabrications but also provide testbeds for advancing the fundamental surface science of wetting beyond the Gibbs equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Lin
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, China
| | - Shixian Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, China
| | - Ye-Guang Fang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, China
| | - Xiangmei Duan
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, China
| | - Xinju Yang
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Zuimin Jiang
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong999077, China
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Yurui Gao
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
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49
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Bellino MG. Cells flowing to attain functionality. Biol Cell 2024; 116:e2300150. [PMID: 38444250 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202300120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Unraveling the fundamental biological processes underpinning cell functions and behavior remains a key challenge. Researchers working on cell biological processes might want to take a look at microscale cell flow as functionality genesis. This Commentary provides an outlook on how cell-microcirculation interplay promises to lead to exciting insights into the cell biology complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín G Bellino
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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50
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Jiang C, Nie H, Chen M, Shen X, Xu L. Achieving Environmentally-Adaptive and Multifunctional Hydrodynamic Metamaterials through Active Control. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313986. [PMID: 38507727 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
As hydrodynamic metamaterials continue to develop, the inherent limitations of passive-mode metamaterials become increasingly apparent. First, passive devices are typically designed for specific environments and lack the adaptability to environmental changes. Second, their unique functions often rely on intricate structures, or challenging material properties, or a combination of both. These limitations considerably hinder the potential applications of hydrodynamic metamaterials. In this study, an active-mode hydrodynamic metamaterial is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated by incorporating source-and-sink flow-dipoles into the system, enabling active manipulation of the flow field with various functionalities. By adjusting the magnitude and direction of the flow-dipole moment, this device can easily achieve invisibility, flow shielding, and flow enhancing. Furthermore, it is environmentally adaptive and can maintain proper functions in different environments. It is anticipated that this design will significantly enhance tunability and adaptability of hydrodynamic metamaterials in complex and ever-changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Jiang
- The Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Haoran Nie
- The Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- The Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiangying Shen
- The Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lei Xu
- The Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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