1
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Iyoshi A, Ueda A, Umeno T, Kato T, Hirayama K, Doi M, Tanaka M. Conformational Analysis and Organocatalytic Activity of Helical Stapled Peptides Containing α-Carbocyclic α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids. Molecules 2024; 29:4340. [PMID: 39339337 PMCID: PMC11434043 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Conformational freedom-restricted peptides, such as stapled peptides, play a crucial role in the advancement of functional peptide development. We synthesized stapled octapeptides using α-carbocyclic α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids, particularly 3-allyloxy-1-aminocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid, as the crosslink motifs. The organocatalytic capabilities of the synthesized stapled peptides were assessed in an asymmetric nucleophilic epoxidation reaction because the catalytic activities are known to be proportional to α-helicity. Despite incorporating side-chain crosslinks, the enantioselectivities of the epoxidation reaction catalyzed by stapled octapeptides were found to be comparable to those obtained using unstapled peptides. Interestingly, the stapled peptides using α-carbocyclic α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids demonstrated higher reactivities and stereoselectivities (up to 99% ee) compared to stapled peptides derived from (S)-α-(4-pentenyl)alanine, a commonly used motif for stapled peptides. These differences could be attributed to the increased α-helicity of the former stapled peptide in contrast to the latter, as evidenced by the X-ray crystallographic structures of their N-tert-butoxycarbonyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Iyoshi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (A.I.); (T.U.)
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (A.I.); (T.U.)
| | - Tomohiro Umeno
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (A.I.); (T.U.)
| | - Takuma Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan; (T.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Kazuhiro Hirayama
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (A.I.); (T.U.)
| | - Mitsunobu Doi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan; (T.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (A.I.); (T.U.)
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2
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Ruskin J, Sachs RK, Wang M, Dekeyser R, Lew Z, Williams P, Hwang H, Majumdar A, Dudding T, Lectka T. Metal Ion-Induced Large Fragment Deactivation: A Different Strategy for Site-Selectivity in a Complex Molecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317070. [PMID: 38063469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Complex natural product functionalizations generally involve the use of highly engineered reagents, catalysts, or enzymes to react exclusively at a desired site through lowering of a select transition state energy. In this communication, we report a new, complementary strategy in which all transition states representing undesirable sites in a complex ionophore substrate are simultaneously energetically increased through the chelation of a metal ion to the large fragment we wish to neutralize. In the case of an electrophilic, radical based fluorination reaction, charge repulsion (electric field effects), induced steric effects, and electron withdrawal provide the necessary deactivation and proof of principle to afford a highly desirable natural product derivative. We envisage that many other electrophilic or charge based synthetic methods may be amenable to this approach as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah Ruskin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Roseann K Sachs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Messiah University, One University Avenue, Mechanicsburg, PA 17055, USA
| | - Muyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Roxanne Dekeyser
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Zachary Lew
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Phoebe Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Habin Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ananya Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Travis Dudding
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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3
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Poursaitidis ET, Gkizis PL, Triandafillidi I, Kokotos CG. Organocatalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide: towards green and sustainable oxidations. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1177-1203. [PMID: 38274062 PMCID: PMC10806817 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05618j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of organocatalysis provided an additional option in every researcher's arsenal, towards the development of elegant and sustainable protocols for various organic transformations. Oxidation reactions are considered to be key in organic synthesis since oxygenated functionalities appear in many natural products. Hydrogen peroxide is categorized as a green oxidant, since its only by-product is water, offering novel opportunities for the development of green and sustainable protocols. In this review article, we intend to present recent developments in the field of the organocatalytic activation of hydrogen peroxide, providing useful insight into the applied oxidative protocols. At the same time, we will present some interesting mechanistic studies, providing information on the oxygen transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios T Poursaitidis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Petros L Gkizis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Ierasia Triandafillidi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Christoforos G Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
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4
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Prasoon A, Yu X, Hambsch M, Bodesheim D, Liu K, Zacarias A, Nguyen NN, Seki T, Dianat A, Croy A, Cuniberti G, Fontaine P, Nagata Y, Mannsfeld SCB, Dong R, Bonn M, Feng X. Site-selective chemical reactions by on-water surface sequential assembly. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8313. [PMID: 38097633 PMCID: PMC10721922 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling site-selectivity and reactivity in chemical reactions continues to be a key challenge in modern synthetic chemistry. Here, we demonstrate the discovery of site-selective chemical reactions on the water surface via a sequential assembly approach. A negatively charged surfactant monolayer on the water surface guides the electrostatically driven, epitaxial, and aligned assembly of reagent amino-substituted porphyrin molecules, resulting in a well-defined J-aggregated structure. This constrained geometry of the porphyrin molecules prompts the subsequent directional alignment of the perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride reagent, enabling the selective formation of a one-sided imide bond between porphyrin and reagent. Surface-specific in-situ spectroscopies reveal the underlying mechanism of the dynamic interface that promotes multilayer growth of the site-selective imide product. The site-selective reaction on the water surface is further demonstrated by three reversible and irreversible chemical reactions, such as imide-, imine-, and 1, 3-diazole (imidazole)- bonds involving porphyrin molecules. This unique sequential assembly approach enables site-selective chemical reactions that can bring on-water surface synthesis to the forefront of modern organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Prasoon
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mike Hambsch
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Bodesheim
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kejun Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Angelica Zacarias
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany
| | - Nguyen Ngan Nguyen
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Takakazu Seki
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aerzoo Dianat
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Croy
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07737, Jena, Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philippe Fontaine
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), D-06120, Germany.
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5
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van den Heuvel N, Mason SM, Mercado BQ, Miller SJ. Aspartyl β-Turn-Based Dirhodium(II) Metallopeptides for Benzylic C(sp 3)-H Amination: Enantioselectivity and X-ray Structural Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:12377-12385. [PMID: 37216431 PMCID: PMC10330621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Amination of C(sp3)-H bonds is a powerful tool to introduce nitrogen into complex organic frameworks in a direct manner. Despite significant advances in catalyst design, full site- and enantiocontrol in complex molecular regimes remain elusive using established catalyst systems. To address these challenges, we herein describe a new class of peptide-based dirhodium(II) complexes derived from aspartic acid-containing β-turn-forming tetramers. This highly modular system can serve as a platform for the rapid generation of new chiral dirhodium(II) catalyst libraries, as illustrated by the facile synthesis of a series of 38 catalysts. Critically, we present the first crystal structure of a dirhodium(II) tetra-aspartate complex, which unveils retention of the β-turn conformation of the peptidyl ligand; a well-defined hydrogen-bonding network is evident, along with a near-C4 symmetry that renders the rhodium centers inequivalent. The utility of this catalyst platform is illustrated by the enantioselective amination of benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds, in which state-of-the-art levels of enantioselectivity up to 95.5:4.5 er are obtained, even for substrates that present challenges with previously reported catalyst systems. Additionally, we found these complexes to be competent catalysts for the intermolecular amination of N-alkylamides via insertion into the C(sp3)-H bond α to the amide nitrogen, yielding differentially protected 1,1-diamines. Of note, this type of insertion was also observed to occur on the amide functionalities of the catalyst itself in the absence of the substrate but did not appear to be detrimental to reaction outcomes when the substrate was present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naudin van den Heuvel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Savannah M. Mason
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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6
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Rein J, Rozema SD, Langner OC, Zacate SB, Hardy MA, Siu JC, Mercado BQ, Sigman MS, Miller SJ, Lin S. Generality-oriented optimization of enantioselective aminoxyl radical catalysis. Science 2023; 380:706-712. [PMID: 37200427 PMCID: PMC10277815 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf6177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective methods that are generally applicable to a broad range of substrates are rare. We report a strategy for the oxidative desymmetrization of meso-diols predicated on a nontraditional catalyst optimization protocol by using a panel of screening substrates rather than a singular model substrate. Critical to this approach was rational modulation of a peptide sequence in the catalyst incorporating a distinct aminoxyl-based active residue. A general catalyst emerged, providing high selectivity in the delivery of enantioenriched lactones across a broad range of diols, while also achieving up to ~100,000 turnovers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Rein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - S. D. Rozema
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - O. C. Langner
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - S. B. Zacate
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - M. A. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah; 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - J. C. Siu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - B. Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - M. S. Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah; 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - S. J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University; 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - S. Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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7
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Dockerill M, Winssinger N. DNA-Encoded Libraries: Towards Harnessing their Full Power with Darwinian Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215542. [PMID: 36458812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
DNA-encoded library (DEL) technologies are transforming the drug discovery process, enabling the identification of ligands at unprecedented speed and scale. DEL makes use of libraries that are orders of magnitude larger than traditional high-throughput screens. While a DNA tag alludes to a genotype-phenotype connection that is exploitable for molecular evolution, most of the work in the field is performed with libraries where the tag serves as an amplifiable barcode but does not allow "translation" into the synthetic product it is linked to. In this Review, we cover technologies that enable the "translation" of the genetic tag into synthetic molecules, both biochemically and chemically, and explore how it can be used to harness Darwinian evolutionary pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millicent Dockerill
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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8
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Liu A, Calicdan XA, Glover GN, Luo X, Barroso GT, Hoppe BK, Boyle KM, Witus LS. Investigation of the Effect of Turn Residues on Tetrapeptide Aldol Catalysts with β-Turn Propensity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45336-45340. [PMID: 36530262 PMCID: PMC9753199 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peptide catalysts for a wide diversity of reaction types contain a common motif-residues that bias the sequence toward β-turn secondary structure. In this work, we explore what role that secondary structure plays in the catalysis of aldol reactions for primary amine tetrapeptide aldol catalysts. Using a lead tetrapeptide β-turn catalytic sequence, we varied the i + 1 and i + 2 residues to amino acids that would affect the β-turn propensity. We then studied the correlation between secondary structure, aldol rate enhancement, and stereoselectivity of the reaction between hydroxyacetone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde. Using the i + 3 amide chemical shift as a measure of β-turn character, we found a rough correlation between the peptide structure and reaction kinetics but minimal effect on stereoselectivity. These trends may help aid the design of future catalytic sequences.
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9
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Dhankhar J, Hofer MD, Linden A, Čorić I. Site-Selective C-H Arylation of Diverse Arenes Ortho to Small Alkyl Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205470. [PMID: 35830351 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic systems for direct C-H activation of arenes commonly show preference for electronically activated and sterically exposed C-H sites. Here we show that a range of functionally rich and pharmaceutically relevant arene classes can undergo site-selective C-H arylation ortho to small alkyl substituents, preferably endocyclic methylene groups. The C-H activation is experimentally supported as being the selectivity-determining step, while computational studies of the transition state models indicate the relevance of non-covalent interactions between the catalyst and the methylene group of the substrate. Our results suggest that preference for C(sp2 )-H activation next to alkyl groups could be a general selectivity mode, distinct from common steric and electronic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Dhankhar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Micha D Hofer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ilija Čorić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Fallek R, Ashush N, Fallek A, Fleischer O, Portnoy M. Controlling the Site Selectivity in Acylations of Amphiphilic Diols: Directing the Reaction toward the Apolar Domain in a Model Diol and the Midecamycin A 1 Macrolide Antibiotic. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9688-9698. [PMID: 35801540 PMCID: PMC9361358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seeking to improve the site selectivity of acylation of amphiphilic diols, which is induced by imidazole-based nucleophilic catalysts and directs the reaction toward apolar sites, as we recently reported, we examined a new improved catalytic design and an alteration of the acylating agent. The new catalysts performed slightly better selectivity-wise in the model reaction, compared to the previous set, but notably could be prepared in a much more synthetically economic way. The change of the acylating agent from anhydride to acyl chloride, particularly in combination with the new catalysts, accelerated the reaction and increased the selectivity in favor of the apolar site. The new selectivity-inducing techniques were applied to midecamycin, a natural amphiphilic antibiotic possessing a secondary alcohol moiety in each of its two domains, polar as well as apolar. In the case of the anhydride, a basic dimethylamino group, decorating this substrate, overrides the catalyst's selectivity preference and forces selective acylation of the alcohol in the polar domain with a more than 91:1 ratio of the monoacylated products. To counteract the internal base influence, an acid additive was used or the acylating agent was changed to acyl chloride. The latter adjustment leads, in combination with our best catalyst, to the reversal of the ratio between the products to 1:11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Fallek
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Natali Ashush
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Amit Fallek
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Or Fleischer
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Moshe Portnoy
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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11
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Site‐Selective C–H Arylation of Diverse Arenes Ortho to Small Alkyl Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Mupparapu N, Brewster L, Ostrom KF, Elshahawi SI. Late-Stage Chemoenzymatic Installation of Hydroxy-Bearing Allyl Moiety on the Indole Ring of Tryptophan-Containing Peptides. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104614. [PMID: 35178791 PMCID: PMC9314954 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The late‐stage functionalization of indole‐ and tryptophan‐containing compounds with reactive moieties facilitates downstream diversification and leads to changes in their biological properties. Here, the synthesis of two hydroxy‐bearing allyl pyrophosphates is described. A chemoenzymatic method is demonstrated which uses a promiscuous indole prenyltransferase enzyme to install a dual reactive hydroxy‐bearing allyl moiety directly on the indole ring of tryptophan‐containing peptides. This is the first report of late‐stage indole modifications with this reactive group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraju Mupparapu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Lauren Brewster
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Katrina F Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Sherif I Elshahawi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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13
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Bose I, Zhao Y. Site-Selective Catalytic Epoxidation of Alkene with Tunable, Atomic Precision by Molecularly Imprinted Artificial Epoxidases. ACS Catal 2022; 12:3444-3451. [PMID: 35515882 PMCID: PMC9066603 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Distinction of chemical functionality by their local chemical environment is a skill mastered by enzymes, evident from the selective synthesis, cleavage, and transformation of peptides, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides that abound with the same type of functional groups. In contrast, synthetic catalysts are generally better at differentiating functional groups based on their electronic and steric properties. Here we report artificial epoxidases prepared through molecular imprinting of surface-core doubly cross-linked micelles, followed by efficient functionalization of the imprinted site in the micellar core via photoaffinity labeling. The size and shape of the active sites are tuned by the modularly synthesized templates, with the oxygen-delivering peroxy acid group positioned accurately. These catalysts are used in epoxidation of alkene in water with hydrogen peroxide under mild conditions, without any additional additives. Most importantly, atomic precision is achieved in the catalysis and enables alkenes to be distinguished that differ in the position of the carbon-carbon double bond by a single carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
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14
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Hashimoto H, Ueda Y, Takasu K, Kawabata T. Catalytic Substrate‐Selective Silylation of Primary Alcohols via Remote Functional‐Group Discrimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Hashimoto
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji city Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ueda
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji city Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Kiyosei Takasu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Yoshida Kyoto, Sakyo-ku 606-8501 Kyoto Japan
| | - Takeo Kawabata
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji city Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
- Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences International University of Health and Welfare 137-1 Enokizu Okawa Fukuoka 831-8501 Japan
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15
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16
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Truong D, Lam NYS, Kamalov M, Riisom M, Jamieson SMF, Harris PWR, Brimble MA, Metzler-Nolte N, Hartinger C. A solid support-based synthetic strategy for the site-selective functionalization of peptides with organometallic half-sandwich moieties. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104049. [PMID: 34967066 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The number of donor atoms available on peptides that can competitively coordinate to metal centers renders the site-selective generation of advanced metal-peptide conjugates in high purity a challenging venture. Herein, we present a transmetalation-based synthetic approach on solid support in which an imidazolium proligand can be used to selectively anchor a range of transition metal half-sandwich complexes onto peptides in the presence of multiple coordinative motifs. Amenable to solid support, a range of N-terminus and/or lysine conjugated metal-peptide conjugates were obtained in high purity after cleavage from the resin. The metalated peptides were evaluated for their anticancer properties against human cancer cell lines. While no cytotoxic activity was observed, this platform has the potential to i) provide a pathway to site-selective peptide labelling, ii) be explored as a biorthogonal handle and/or iii) generate a new strategy for ligand design in transition metal catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna Truong
- University of Auckland, School of Chemical Sciences, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Nelson Y S Lam
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Meder Kamalov
- University of Auckland, School of Chemical Sciences, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Mie Riisom
- University of Auckland, School of Chemical Sciences, NEW ZEALAND
| | | | - Paul W R Harris
- University of Auckland, School of Chemical Sciences, NEW ZEALAND
| | | | | | - Christian Hartinger
- University of Auckland, School of Chemical Sciences, 23 Symonds Street, 1010, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND
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17
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Hashimoto H, Ueda Y, Takasu K, Kawabata T. Catalytic Substrate-Selective Silylation of Primary Alcohols via Remote Functional-Group Discrimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114118. [PMID: 34942061 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Silylation of alcohols has generally been known to take place at the sterically most accessible less-hindered hydroxy group. However, we report here the catalyst-controlled substrate-selective silylation of primary alcohols, where the selectivity was controlled independent of the innate reactivity of the hydroxy group based on the steric environment. The chain-length-selective silylation of 1, n- amino alcohol derivatives was achieved, where 1,5-amino alcohol derivatives showed outstanding high reactivity in the presence of analogues with a shorter or longer chain length under catalyst-controlled conditions. A highly substrate-selective catalytic silylation of pentanol analogues was also developed, in which the remote functionality at C(5) from the reacting hydroxy groups was effectively discriminated on silylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Hashimoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji city, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ueda
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji city, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kiyosei Takasu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Yoshida Kyoto, Sakyo-ku, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeo Kawabata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji city, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
- Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
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18
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Neveselý T, Wienhold M, Molloy JJ, Gilmour R. Advances in the E → Z Isomerization of Alkenes Using Small Molecule Photocatalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2650-2694. [PMID: 34449198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Geometrical E → Z alkene isomerization is intimately entwined in the historical fabric of organic photochemistry and is enjoying a renaissance (Roth et al. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989 28, 1193-1207). This is a consequence of the fundamental stereochemical importance of Z-alkenes, juxtaposed with frustrations in thermal reactivity that are rooted in microscopic reversibility. Accessing excited state reactivity paradigms allow this latter obstacle to be circumnavigated by exploiting subtle differences in the photophysical behavior of the substrate and product chromophores: this provides a molecular basis for directionality. While direct irradiation is operationally simple, photosensitization via selective energy transfer enables augmentation of the alkene repertoire to include substrates that are not directly excited by photons. Through sustained innovation, an impressive portfolio of tailored small molecule catalysts with a range of triplet energies are now widely available to facilitate contra-thermodynamic and thermo-neutral isomerization reactions to generate Z-alkene fragments. This review is intended to serve as a practical guide covering the geometric isomerization of alkenes enabled by energy transfer catalysis from 2000 to 2020, and as a logical sequel to the excellent treatment by Dugave and Demange (Chem. Rev. 2003 103, 2475-2532). The mechanistic foundations underpinning isomerization selectivity are discussed together with induction models and rationales to explain the counterintuitive directionality of these processes in which very small energy differences distinguish substrate from product. Implications for subsequent stereospecific transformations, application in total synthesis, regioselective polyene isomerization, and spatiotemporal control of pre-existing alkene configuration in a broader sense are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Neveselý
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Max Wienhold
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John J Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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19
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Wu H, Su H, Schulze EJ, Peters BBC, Nolan MD, Yang J, Singh T, Ahlquist MSG, Andersson PG. Site- and Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Desymmetric Mono-Hydrogenation of 1,4-Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19428-19434. [PMID: 34137493 PMCID: PMC8456900 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The control of site selectivity in asymmetric mono-hydrogenation of dienes or polyenes remains largely underdeveloped. Herein, we present a highly efficient desymmetrization of 1,4-dienes via iridium-catalyzed site- and enantioselective hydrogenation. This methodology demonstrates the first iridium-catalyzed hydrogenative desymmetriation of meso dienes and provides a concise approach to the installation of two vicinal stereogenic centers adjacent to an alkene. High isolated yields (up to 96 %) and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to 99:1 d.r. and 99 % ee) were obtained for a series of divinyl carbinol and divinyl carbinamide substrates. DFT calculations reveal that an interaction between the hydroxy oxygen and the reacting hydride is responsible for the stereoselectivity of the desymmetrization of the divinyl carbinol. Based on the calculated energy profiles, a model that simulates product distribution over time was applied to show an intuitive kinetics of this process. The usefulness of the methodology was demonstrated by the synthesis of the key intermediates of natural products zaragozic acid A and (+)-invictolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wu
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Hao Su
- School of BiotechnologyKTH Royal Institute of Technology10691StockholmSweden
| | - Erik J. Schulze
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Bram B. C. Peters
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Mark D. Nolan
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Jianping Yang
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Thishana Singh
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of Kwazulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban4000South Africa
| | | | - Pher G. Andersson
- Department of Organic ChemistryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of Kwazulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban4000South Africa
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20
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Wu H, Su H, Schulze EJ, Peters BBC, Nolan MD, Yang J, Singh T, Ahlquist MSG, Andersson PG. Site‐ and Enantioselective Iridium‐Catalyzed Desymmetric Mono‐Hydrogenation of 1,4‐Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wu
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hao Su
- School of Biotechnology KTH Royal Institute of Technology 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Erik J. Schulze
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Bram B. C. Peters
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mark D. Nolan
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jianping Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Thishana Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics University of Kwazulu-Natal Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | | | - Pher G. Andersson
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
- School of Chemistry and Physics University of Kwazulu-Natal Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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21
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Triandafillidi I, Kokotou MG, Lotter D, Sparr C, Kokotos CG. Aldehyde-catalyzed epoxidation of unactivated alkenes with aqueous hydrogen peroxide. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10191-10196. [PMID: 34377408 PMCID: PMC8336450 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02360h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The organocatalytic epoxidation of unactivated alkenes using aqueous hydrogen peroxide provides various indispensable products and intermediates in a sustainable manner. While formyl functionalities typically undergo irreversible oxidations when activating an oxidant, an atropisomeric two-axis aldehyde capable of catalytic turnover was identified for high-yielding epoxidations of cyclic and acyclic alkenes. The relative configuration of the stereogenic axes of the catalyst and the resulting proximity of the aldehyde and backbone residues resulted in high catalytic efficiencies. Mechanistic studies support a non-radical alkene oxidation by an aldehyde-derived dioxirane intermediate generated from hydrogen peroxide through the Payne and Criegee intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ierasia Triandafillidi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 Basel 4056 Switzerland
| | - Maroula G Kokotou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Dominik Lotter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 Basel 4056 Switzerland
| | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 Basel 4056 Switzerland
| | - Christoforos G Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15771 Athens Greece
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22
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Olivo G, Capocasa G, Del Giudice D, Lanzalunga O, Di Stefano S. New horizons for catalysis disclosed by supramolecular chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7681-7724. [PMID: 34008654 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00175b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The adoption of a supramolecular approach in catalysis promises to address a number of unmet challenges, ranging from activity (unlocking of novel reaction pathways) to selectivity (alteration of the innate selectivity of a reaction, e.g. selective functionalization of C-H bonds) and regulation (switch ON/OFF, sequential catalysis, etc.). Supramolecular tools such as reversible association and recognition, pre-organization of reactants and stabilization of transition states upon binding offer a unique chance to achieve the above goals disclosing new horizons whose potential is being increasingly recognized and used, sometimes reaching the degree of ripeness for practical use. This review summarizes the main developments that have opened such new frontiers, with the aim of providing a guide to researchers approaching the field. We focus on artificial supramolecular catalysts of defined stoichiometry which, under homogeneous conditions, unlock outcomes that are highly difficult if not impossible to attain otherwise, namely unnatural reactivity or selectivity and catalysis regulation. The different strategies recently explored in supramolecular catalysis are concisely presented, and, for each one, a single or very few examples is/are described (mainly last 10 years, with only milestone older works discussed). The subject is divided into four sections in light of the key design principle: (i) nanoconfinement of reactants, (ii) recognition-driven catalysis, (iii) catalysis regulation by molecular machines and (iv) processive catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Olivo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Capocasa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniele Del Giudice
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Chimica and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
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23
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Tang Y, Miller SJ. Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyridyl Sulfoximines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9230-9235. [PMID: 34124892 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With unique chemical and biological activity, sulfoximines have attracted enormous attention in the past decades, whereas limited reports exist for their synthesis via asymmetric catalysis. We report the synthesis of chiral sulfoximines through the desymmetrizing N-oxidation of pyridyl sulfoximines using an aspartic acid-containing peptide catalyst. Various mono- and bis-pyridyl sulfoximine oxides are obtained with up to 99:1 er. The directing group introduced on the substrate highly enhances the enantioinduction and could be easily removed to give the free N-H sulfoximines. Additionally, peptides with methyl ester and the methyl amide C-terminal protecting group give the opposite enantiomers of the product. A binding model is proposed to explain this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Scott J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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24
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Chen XY, Chen H, Đorđević L, Guo QH, Wu H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Jiao Y, Cai K, Chen H, Stern CL, Stupp SI, Snurr RQ, Shen D, Stoddart JF. Selective Photodimerization in a Cyclodextrin Metal-Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9129-9139. [PMID: 34080831 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For the most part, enzymes contain one active site wherein they catalyze in a serial manner chemical reactions between substrates both efficiently and rapidly. Imagine if a situation could be created within a chiral porous crystal containing trillions of active sites where substrates can reside in vast numbers before being converted in parallel into products. Here, we report how it is possible to incorporate 1-anthracenecarboxylate (1-AC-) as a substrate into a γ-cyclodextrin-containing metal-organic framework (CD-MOF-1), where the metals are K+ cations, prior to carrying out [4+4] photodimerizations between pairs of substrate molecules, affording selectively one of four possible regioisomers. One of the high-yielding regioisomers exhibits optical activity as a result of the presence of an 8:1 ratio of the two enantiomers following separation by high-performance liquid chromatography. The solid-state superstructure of 1-anthracenecarboxylate potassium salt (1-ACK), which is co-crystallized with γ-cyclodextrin, reveals that pairs of substrate molecules are not only packed inside tunnels between spherical cavities present in CD-MOF-1, but also stabilized-in addition to hydrogen-bonding to the C-2 and C-3 hydroxyl groups on the d-glucopyranosyl residues present in the γ-cyclodextrin tori-by combinations of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between the carboxyl groups in 1-AC- and four K+ cations on the waistline between the two γ-cyclodextrin tori in the tunnels. These non-covalent bonding interactions result in preferred co-conformations that account for the highly regio- and enantioselective [4+4] cycloaddition during photoirradiation. Theoretical calculations, in conjunction with crystallography, support the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the photodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haoyuan Chen
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Luka Đorđević
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Center for Bio-inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Qing-Hui Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kang Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Samuel I Stupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Center for Bio-inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North St. Clair Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Randall Q Snurr
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dengke Shen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
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25
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Guo J, Qin Y, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Long C, Zhao M, Tang Z. Metal-organic frameworks as catalytic selectivity regulators for organic transformations. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5366-5396. [PMID: 33870965 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01538e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selective organic transformations using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-based heterogeneous catalysts have been an intriguing but challenging research topic in both the chemistry and materials communities. Analogous to the reaction specificity achieved in enzyme pockets, MOFs are also powerful platforms for regulating the catalytic selectivity via engineering their catalytic microenvironments, such as metal node alternation, ligand functionalization, pore decoration, topology variation and others. In this review, we provide a comprehensive introduction and discussion about the role of MOFs played in regulating and even boosting the size-, shape-, chemo-, regio- and more appealing stereo-selectivity in organic transformations. We hope that it will be instructive for researchers in this field to rationally design, conveniently prepare and elaborately functionalize MOFs or MOF-based composites for the synthesis of high value-added organic chemicals with significantly improved selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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26
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Zhang J, Feng J, Jia L, Xu R, Zhao J, Zheng Z, Zhou T. Top-Down Direct Preparation of Orange-Yellow Dye Similar to Psittacofulvins from Commercial Polymer by Laser Writing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:58339-58348. [PMID: 33320523 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Laser manufacturing is a promising method for the design and preparation of high value-added materials. When the laser acts on the polymer precursors, some wonderful phenomena will always occur and accompanied by the generation of new substances. Herein, we report a top-down approach for the direct preparation of orange-yellow dye that is similar to psittacofulvins from commercial polymer resins by laser writing. Conjugated double bonds and micro-rough structures are formed simultaneously on laser-irradiated polymer substrate surfaces. The typical polyconjugated structures of psittacofulvin dyes were confirmed by micro-Raman and Raman imaging results. Temperature-dependent Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further demonstrated the formation mechanism of laser-induced psittacofulvins dyes based on the chemical composition. Further, optical microscopy, laser confocal microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to characterize the physical morphologies of laser-irradiated polymer substrates. A unique advantage of preparing psittacofulvins dye using laser writing is its simple steps, and the dye can be converted directly from the appropriate precursor substrate. Interestingly, the laser-irradiated polymer substrate surface undergoes color change. This laser-induced color patterning is attractive due to the characteristics of high precision, flexibility, and maskless; any patterns can be easily designed and produced on the polymer at desired positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Liyang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhuo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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27
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Tang H, Tian YB, Cui H, Li RZ, Zhang X, Niu D. Site-switchable mono-O-allylation of polyols. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5681. [PMID: 33173032 PMCID: PMC7655818 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Site-selective modification of complex molecules allows for rapid accesses to their analogues and derivatives, and, therefore, offers highly valuable opportunities to probe their functions. However, to selectively manipulate one out of many repeatedly occurring functional groups within a substrate represents a grand challenge in chemistry. Yet more demanding is to develop methods in which alterations to the reaction conditions lead to switching of the specific site of reaction. We report herein the development of a Pd/Lewis acid co-catalytic system that achieves not only site-selective, but site-switchable mono-O-allylation of polyols with readily available reagents and catalysts. Through exchanging the Lewis acid additives that recognize specific hydroxyls in a polyol substrate, our system managed to install a versatile allyl group to the target in a site-switchable manner. Our design demonstrates remarkable scope, and is amenable to the direct derivatization of various complex, bioactive natural products. Selective manipulation of one functional group, out of many repeatedly occurring in a substrate, represents a grand challenge in chemistry. Here, the authors report a Pd/Lewis acid cocatalytic system that achieves not only site-selective, but also site-switchable mono-O-allylation of polyols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Biao Tian
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Cui
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren-Zhe Li
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
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28
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Metrano AJ, Chinn AJ, Shugrue CR, Stone EA, Kim B, Miller SJ. Asymmetric Catalysis Mediated by Synthetic Peptides, Version 2.0: Expansion of Scope and Mechanisms. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11479-11615. [PMID: 32969640 PMCID: PMC8006536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight synthetic peptides have been demonstrated to be effective catalysts for an increasingly wide array of asymmetric transformations. In many cases, these peptide-based catalysts have enabled novel multifunctional substrate activation modes and unprecedented selectivity manifolds. These features, along with their ease of preparation, modular and tunable structures, and often biomimetic attributes make peptides well-suited as chiral catalysts and of broad interest. Many examples of peptide-catalyzed asymmetric reactions have appeared in the literature since the last survey of this broad field in Chemical Reviews (Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 5759-5812). The overarching goal of this new Review is to provide a comprehensive account of the numerous advances in the field. As a corollary to this goal, we survey the many different types of catalytic reactions, ranging from acylation to C-C bond formation, in which peptides have been successfully employed. In so doing, we devote significant discussion to the structural and mechanistic aspects of these reactions that are perhaps specific to peptide-based catalysts and their interactions with substrates and/or reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Metrano
- AstraZeneca Oncology R&D, 35 Gatehouse Dr., Waltham, MA 02451, United States
| | - Alex J. Chinn
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - Christopher R. Shugrue
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Byoungmoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
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Synergistic photoredox and copper catalysis by diode-like coordination polymer with twisted and polar copper-dye conjugation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5384. [PMID: 33097706 PMCID: PMC7584659 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Synergistic photoredox and copper catalysis confers new synthetic possibilities in the pharmaceutical field, but is seriously affected by the consumptive fluorescence quenching of Cu(II). By decorating bulky auxiliaries into a photoreductive triphenylamine-based ligand to twist the conjugation between the triphenylamine-based ligand and the polar Cu(II)–carboxylate node in the coordination polymer, we report a heterogeneous approach to directly confront this inherent problem. The twisted and polar Cu(II)–dye conjunction endows the coordination polymer with diode-like photoelectronic behaviours, which hampers the inter- and intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer from the triphenylamine-moiety to the Cu(II) site and permits reversed-directional ground-state electronic conductivity, rectifying the productive loop circuit for synergising photoredox and copper catalysis in pharmaceutically valuable decarboxylative C(sp3)–heteroatom couplings. The well-retained Cu(II) sites during photoirradiation exhibit unique inner-spheric modulation effects, which endow the couplings with adaptability to different types of nucleophiles and radical precursors under concise reaction conditions, and distinguish the multi-olefinic moieties of biointeresting steride derivatives in their late-stage trifluoromethylation-chloration difunctionalisation. Synergistic photoredox–copper catalysis is limited by fluorescence quenching of Cu(II) ions to photoreductive dyes in solution. Here, the authors compromise photoreduction and Cu(II) catalysis by diode-like coordination polymer with twisted Cu(II)–dye conjugation, revealing its vast application vistas.
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30
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Meng G, Lam NYS, Lucas EL, Saint-Denis TG, Verma P, Chekshin N, Yu JQ. Achieving Site-Selectivity for C-H Activation Processes Based on Distance and Geometry: A Carpenter's Approach. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10571-10591. [PMID: 32437604 PMCID: PMC7485751 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to differentiate between highly similar C-H bonds in a given molecule remains a fundamental challenge in organic chemistry. In particular, the lack of sufficient steric and electronic differences between C-H bonds located distal to functional groups has prevented the development of site-selective catalysts with broad scope. An emerging approach to circumvent this obstacle is to utilize the distance between a target C-H bond and a coordinating functional group, along with the geometry of the cyclic transition state in directed C-H activation, as core molecular recognition parameters to differentiate between multiple C-H bonds. In this Perspective, we discuss the advent and recent advances of this concept. We cover a wide range of transition-metal-catalyzed, template-directed remote C-H activation reactions of alcohols, carboxylic acids, sulfonates, phosphonates, and amines. Additionally, we review eminent examples which take advantage of non-covalent interactions to achieve regiocontrol. Continued advancement of this distance- and geometry-based differentiation approach for regioselective remote C-H functionalization reactions may lead to the ultimate realization of molecular editing: the freedom to modify organic molecules at any site, in any order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrong Meng
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nelson Y. S. Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Erika L. Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tyler G. Saint-Denis
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pritha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nikita Chekshin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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31
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Regioselective Hydroformylation of Internal and Terminal Alkenes via Remote Supramolecular Control. Chemistry 2020; 26:8214-8219. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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32
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Recent advances in reactions promoted by amino acids and oligopeptides. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2018-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
During the last 20 years, Organocatalysis has become one of the major fields of Catalysis. Herein, we provide a recent overview on reactions where the use of amino acids and peptides as the organocatalysts was employed. All aspects regarding aldol reactions, Michael reactions, epoxidation, Henry reactions and many others that are crucial for the reaction conditions and reaction mechanisms are discussed.
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33
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Petsi M, Zografos AL. 2,5-Diketopiperazine Catalysts as Activators of Dioxygen in Oxidative Processes. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Petsi
- Department of Chemistry, Main University Campus, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Department of Chemistry, Main University Campus, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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34
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sawano
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science; Aoyama Gakuin University; 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku 252-5258 Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Molecular Catalyst Research Center; Chubu University; 1200, Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
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36
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Wang S, Arguelles AJ, Tay JH, Hotta M, Zimmerman PM, Nagorny P. Experimental and Computational Studies on Regiodivergent Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Mupirocin Methyl Ester. Chemistry 2020; 26:4583-4591. [PMID: 31905253 PMCID: PMC7261366 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a new strategy for achieving regiocontrol over the endo versus exo modes of cycloisomerizations of epoxide-containing alcohols, which leads to the formation of five- or six-membered cyclic ethers. Unlike traditional methods relying on achiral reagents or enzymes, this approach utilizes chiral phosphoric acids to catalyze the regiodivergent selective formations of either tetrahydrofuran- or tetrahydropyran-containing products. By using methyl ester of epoxide-containing antibiotic mupirocin as the substrate, it is demonstrated that catalytic chiral phosphoric acids (R)-TCYP and (S)-TIPSY could be used to achieve the selective formation of either the six-membered endo product (95:5 r.r.) or the five-membered exo product (77:23 r.r.), correspondingly. This cyclization was found to be unselective under the standard conditions involving various achiral acids, bases, or buffers. The subsequent mechanistic studies using state-of-the-art quantum chemical solutions provided the description of the potential energy surface, which is fully consistent with the experimental observations. Based on these results, highly detailed reaction paths are obtained and a concerted and highly synchronous mechanism is proposed for the formation of both exo and endo products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibin Wang
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alonso J Arguelles
- Eli Lilly and Company, 1500 South Harding Street, Indiana, IN, 46221, USA
| | - Jia-Hui Tay
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, IN, 46268, USA
| | - Miyuki Hotta
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Pavel Nagorny
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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37
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Hilton M, Brackett CM, Mercado BQ, Blagg BSJ, Miller SJ. Catalysis-Enabled Access to Cryptic Geldanamycin Oxides. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:426-435. [PMID: 32232143 PMCID: PMC7099596 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic, selective modifications of natural products can be a fertile platform for not only unveiling new natural product analogues with altered biological activity, but also for revealing new reactivity and selectivity hierarchies for embedded functional groups in complex environments. Motivated by these intersecting aims, we report site- and stereoselective oxidation reactions of geldanamycin facilitated by aspartyl-peptide catalysts. Through the isolation and characterization of four new geldanamycin oxides, we discovered a synergistic effect between lead peptide-based catalysts and geldanamycin, resulting in an unexpected reaction pathway. Curiously, our discoveries would likely not have been possible absent the attractive noncovalent interactions intrinsic to both the catalysts and the natural product. The result is a set of new "meta" catalytic reactions that deliver both unknown and previously incompletely characterized geldanamycin analogues. Enabled by the catalytic, site-selective epoxidation of geldanamycin, biological assays were carried out to document the bioactivities of the new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret
J. Hilton
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Christopher M. Brackett
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Brian S. J. Blagg
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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38
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Liu C, Wen K, Zeng X, Peng Y. Advances in Chemocatalytic Asymmetric Baeyer–Villiger Oxidations. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal University, Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai‐Ge Wen
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal University, Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Xing‐Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal University, Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal University, Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
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39
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Hsieh SY, Tang Y, Crotti S, Stone EA, Miller SJ. Catalytic Enantioselective Pyridine N-Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18624-18629. [PMID: 31656070 PMCID: PMC6926419 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic, enantioselective N-oxidation of substituted pyridines is described. The approach is predicated on a biomolecule-inspired catalytic cycle wherein high levels of asymmetric induction are provided by aspartic-acid-containing peptides as the aspartyl side chain shuttles between free acid and peracid forms. Desymmetrizations of bis(pyridine) substrates bearing a remote pro-stereogenic center substituted with a group capable of hydrogen bonding to the catalyst are demonstrated. Our approach presents a new entry into chiral pyridine frameworks in a heterocycle-rich molecular environment. Representative functionalizations of the enantioenriched pyridine N-oxides further document the utility of this approach. Demonstration of the asymmetric N-oxidation in two venerable drug-like scaffolds, Loratadine and Varenicline, show the likely generality of the method for highly variable and distinct chiral environments, while also revealing that the approach is applicable to both pyridines and 1,4-pyrazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Simone Crotti
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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40
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Molloy JJ, Morack T, Gilmour R. Positional and Geometrical Isomerisation of Alkenes: The Pinnacle of Atom Economy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13654-13664. [PMID: 31233259 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to achieve spatiotemporal regulation of pre-existing alkenes via external stimuli are essential given the ubiquity of feedstock olefins in chemistry and their downstream applications. Mirroring the 1-0 switch that underpins mammalian vision through selective geometric isomerisation in retinal, strategies to manipulate 2D space by both geometric and positional isomerisation of alkenes via chemical, thermal and light-driven processes are being intensively pursued. This minireview highlights the current state of the art in activating and achieving directionality in these fundamental chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Morack
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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41
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Molloy JJ, Morack T, Gilmour R. Positionelle und geometrische Isomerisierung von Alkenen: der Gipfel der Atomökonomie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J. Molloy
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Tobias Morack
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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42
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Berndt JP, Radchenko Y, Becker J, Logemann C, Bhandari DR, Hrdina R, Schreiner PR. Site-selective nitrenoid insertions utilizing postfunctionalized bifunctional rhodium(ii) catalysts. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3324-3329. [PMID: 30996919 PMCID: PMC6429793 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05733h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a new strategy for the preparation of dirhodium(ii) complexes with the general formula Rh2(A)4 that allows the isolation of a dirhodium tetracarboxylate complex with a free amino group available for postfunctionalization. The postfunctionalization of this complex enables the incorporation of a variety of functional groups, including double and triple bonds as well as nucleophilic moieties, thus paving the way to new classes of polymeric as well as bifunctional catalysts, and polymetallic complexes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a urea containing dirhodium(ii) complex enables site-selective nitrenoid insertions by remote hydrogen bonding control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Philipp Berndt
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
| | - Yevhenii Radchenko
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Christian Logemann
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Dhaka R Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Radim Hrdina
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
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43
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Takezawa H, Kanda T, Nanjo H, Fujita M. Site-Selective Functionalization of Linear Diterpenoids through U-Shaped Folding in a Confined Artificial Cavity. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5112-5115. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Takezawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kanda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nanjo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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44
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Quílez Del Moral JF, Pérez Á, Herrador MDM, Barrero AF. Access to Natural Valparanes and Daucanes: Enantioselective Synthesis of (-)-Valpara-2,15-diene and (+)-Isodaucene. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:9-15. [PMID: 30601659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of a natural diterpene valparane, (-)-valpara-2,15-diene (1), has been achieved from all -trans-geranylgeraniol (9), a natural renewable compound. The key steps involve a Ti(III)-mediated radical cyclization of the chiral monoepoxypolyene (14 R,15 R)-14,15-epoxy,16- tert-butyldimethylsilyloxygeranyllinalyl acetate (8) to give the 6,6,7-tricyclic intermediate 7 with stereocontrolled formation of six stereocenters; a stereo- and regio-directed contraction of the A ring in 7 to produce a cyclopentane ring; and the ready generation of the target isopropenyl group. This research provides access to structurally related natural products such as the sesquiterpene (+)-isodaucene (3), the synthesis of which is also reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- José F Quílez Del Moral
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Granada , Campus Fuentenueva , 18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Álvaro Pérez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Granada , Campus Fuentenueva , 18071 Granada , Spain
| | - María Del Mar Herrador
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Granada , Campus Fuentenueva , 18071 Granada , Spain
| | - Alejandro F Barrero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Granada , Campus Fuentenueva , 18071 Granada , Spain
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45
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Rigling C, Kisunzu JK, Duschmalé J, Häussinger D, Wiesner M, Ebert MO, Wennemers H. Conformational Properties of a Peptidic Catalyst: Insights from NMR Spectroscopic Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10829-10838. [PMID: 30106584 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Peptides have become valuable as catalysts for a variety of different reactions, but little is known about the conformational properties of peptidic catalysts. We investigated the conformation of the peptide H-dPro-Pro-Glu-NH2, a highly reactive and stereoselective catalyst for conjugate addition reactions, and the corresponding enamine intermediate in solution by NMR spectroscopy and computational methods. The combination of nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs), residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), J-couplings, and temperature coefficients revealed that the tripeptide adopts a single predominant conformation in its ground state. The structure is a type I β-turn, which gains stabilization from three hydrogen bonds that are cooperatively formed between all functional groups (secondary amine, carboxylic acid, amides) within the tripeptide. In contrast, the conformation of the enamine intermediate is significantly more flexible. The conformational ensemble of the enamine is still dominated by the β-turn, but the backbone and the side chain of the glutamic acid residue are more dynamic. The key to the switch between rigidity and flexibility of the peptidic catalyst is the CO2H group in the side chain of the glutamic acid residue, which acts as a lid that can open and close. As a result, the peptidic catalyst is able to adapt to the structural requirements of the intermediates and transition states of the catalytic cycle. These insights might explain the robustness and high reactivity of the peptidic catalyst, which exceeds that of other secondary amine-based organocatalysts. The data suggest that a balance between rigidity and flexibility, which is reminiscent of the dynamic nature of enzymes, is beneficial for peptidic catalysts and other synthetic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rigling
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Jessica K Kisunzu
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Jörg Duschmalé
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Markus Wiesner
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 , 4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Marc-Olivier Ebert
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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46
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Dolewski RD, Fricke PJ, McNally A. Site-Selective Switching Strategies to Functionalize Polyazines. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8020-8026. [PMID: 29792698 PMCID: PMC6280969 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Many drug fragments and therapeutic compounds contain multiple pyridines and diazines. Developing site-selective reactions where specific C-H bonds can be transformed in polyazine structures would enable rapid access to valuable derivatives. We present a study that addresses this challenge by selectively installing a phosphonium ion as a versatile functional handle. Inherent factors that control site-selectivity are described along with mechanistically driven approaches for site-selective switching, where the C-+PPh3 group can be predictably installed at other positions in the polyazine system. Simple protocols, readily available reagents, and application to complex drug-like molecules make this approach appealing to medicinal chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D. Dolewski
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Patrick J. Fricke
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Andrew McNally
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
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47
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Zhang W, Zheng B, Shi W, Chen X, Xu Z, Li S, Chi YR, Yang Y, Lu J, Huang W, Huo F. Site-Selective Catalysis of a Multifunctional Linear Molecule: The Steric Hindrance of Metal-Organic Framework Channels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800643. [PMID: 29707833 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The site-selective reaction of a multifunctional linear molecule requires a suitable catalyst possessing both uniform narrow channel to limit the molecule rotation and a designed active site in the channel. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) were incorporated in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with the tailorable porosity and ordered nanochannel, which makes these materials (NPs/MOFs) highly promising candidates as catalytic nanoreactors in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. Inspired by a "Gondola" sailing in narrow "Venetian Canal" without sufficient space for a U-turn, a simple heterogeneous catalyst based on NPs/MOFs is developed that exhibits site-selectivity for the oxidation of diols by restricting the random rotation of the molecule (the "Gondola") in the limited space of the MOF channel (the narrow "Venetian Canal"), thereby protecting the middle functional group via steric hindrance. This strategy is not limited to the oxidation of diols, but can be extended to the site-selective reaction of many similar multifunctional linear molecules, such as the reduction of alkadienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yanhui Yang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Fengwei Huo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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48
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Triandafillidi I, Tzaras DI, Kokotos CG. Green Organocatalytic Oxidative Methods using Activated Ketones. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ierasia Triandafillidi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis; 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Dimitrios Ioannis Tzaras
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis; 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Christoforos G. Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis; 15771 Athens Greece
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49
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Nagaki A, Yamashita H, Takahashi Y, Ishiuchi S, Imai K, Yoshida JI. Selective Mono Addition of Aryllithiums to Dialdehydes by Micromixing. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamashita
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishiuchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keita Imai
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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50
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Vicens L, Costas M. Biologically inspired oxidation catalysis using metallopeptides. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:1755-1763. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03657d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes can catalyze the oxidation of hydrocarbons with high efficiency and selectivity. For this reason, they are taken as inspiration for the development of new catalyst. A promising strategy is the combination of metal coordination complexes and peptide chains. The use of metallopeptides in oxidation reactions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Vicens
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- Girona E-17071
- Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- Girona E-17071
- Spain
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