1
|
Pu Y, Yang J, Pan Q, Li C, Wang L, Xie X, Chen X, Xiao F, Chen G. MGST3 regulates BACE1 protein translation and amyloidogenesis by controlling the RGS4-mediated AKT signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107530. [PMID: 38971310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsomal glutathione transferase 3 (MGST3) regulates eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism. These processes are associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis, suggesting that MGST3 might play a role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report that knockdown (KD) of MGST3 in cell lines reduced the protein level of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and the resulting amyloidogenesis. Interestingly, MGST3 KD did not alter intracellular reactive oxygen species level but selectively reduced the expression of apoptosis indicators which could be associated with the receptor of cysteinyl leukotrienes, the downstream metabolites of MGST3 in arachidonic acid pathway. We then showed that the effect of MGST3 on BACE1 was independent of cysteinyl leukotrienes but involved a translational mechanism. Further RNA-seq analysis identified that regulator of G-protein signaling 4 (RGS4) was a target gene of MGST3. Silencing of RGS4 inhibited BACE1 translation and prevented MGST3 KD-mediated reduction of BACE1. The potential mechanism was related to AKT activity, as the protein level of phosphorylated AKT was significantly reduced by silencing of MGST3 and RGS4, and the AKT inhibitor abolished the effect of MGST3/RGS4 on phosphorylated AKT and BACE1. Together, MGST3 regulated amyloidogenesis by controlling BACE1 protein expression, which was mediated by RGS4 and downstream AKT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Pu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China; Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuling Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenlu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang K, Gao R, Chen H, Hu J, Zhang P, Wei X, Shi J, Chen Y, Zhang L, Chen J, Lyu Y, Dong Z, Wei W, Hu K, Guo Y, Ge J, Sun A. Myocardial reperfusion injury exacerbation due to ALDH2 deficiency is mediated by neutrophil extracellular traps and prevented by leukotriene C4 inhibition. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1662-1680. [PMID: 38666340 PMCID: PMC11089336 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Glu504Lys polymorphism in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene is closely associated with myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI). The effects of ALDH2 on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (i.e. NETosis) during I/RI remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of ALDH2 in NETosis in the pathogenesis of myocardial I/RI. METHODS The mouse model of myocardial I/RI was constructed on wild-type, ALDH2 knockout, peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (Pad4) knockout, and ALDH2/PAD4 double knockout mice. Overall, 308 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in the study. RESULTS Enhanced NETosis was observed in human neutrophils carrying the ALDH2 genetic mutation and ischaemic myocardium of ALDH2 knockout mice compared with controls. PAD4 knockout or treatment with NETosis-targeting drugs (GSK484, DNase1) substantially attenuated the extent of myocardial damage, particularly in ALDH2 knockout. Mechanistically, ALDH2 deficiency increased damage-associated molecular pattern release and susceptibility to NET-induced damage during myocardial I/RI. ALDH2 deficiency induced NOX2-dependent NETosis via upregulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress/microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2/leukotriene C4 (LTC4) pathway. The Food and Drug Administration-approved LTC4 receptor antagonist pranlukast ameliorated I/RI by inhibiting NETosis in both wild-type and ALDH2 knockout mice. Serum myeloperoxidase-DNA complex and LTC4 levels exhibited the predictive effect on adverse left ventricular remodelling at 6 months after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients. CONCLUSIONS ALDH2 deficiency exacerbates myocardial I/RI by promoting NETosis via the endoplasmic reticulum stress/microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2/LTC4/NOX2 pathway. This study hints at the role of NETosis in the pathogenesis of myocardial I/RI, and pranlukast might be a potential therapeutic option for attenuating I/RI, particularly in individuals with the ALDH2 mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rifeng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Hanchuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Cardiology, Minhang Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, 170 Xinsong Road, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiaran Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Lihuili Hospital Facilitated to Ningbo University, 57 Xingning Road, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, 134 Dongjie Road, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Juntao Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yansong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, 134 Dongjie Road, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, 134 Dongjie Road, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, 134 Dongjie Road, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kahnt AS, Häfner AK, Steinhilber D. The role of human 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) in carcinogenesis - a question of canonical and non-canonical functions. Oncogene 2024; 43:1319-1327. [PMID: 38575760 PMCID: PMC11065698 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), a fatty acid oxygenase, is the central enzyme in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis, potent arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators released by innate immune cells, that control inflammatory and allergic responses. In addition, through interaction with 12- and 15-lipoxgenases, the enzyme is involved in the formation of omega-3 fatty acid-based oxylipins, which are thought to be involved in the resolution of inflammation. The expression of 5-LO is frequently deregulated in solid and liquid tumors, and there is strong evidence that the enzyme plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, global inhibition of LT formation and signaling has not yet shown the desired success in clinical trials. Curiously, the release of 5-LO-derived lipid mediators from tumor cells is often low, and the exact mechanism by which 5-LO influences tumor cell function is poorly understood. Recent data now show that in addition to releasing oxylipins, 5-LO can also influence gene expression in a lipid mediator-independent manner. These non-canonical functions, including modulation of miRNA processing and transcription factor shuttling, most likely influence cancer cell function and the tumor microenvironment and might explain the low clinical efficacy of pharmacological strategies that previously only targeted oxylipin formation and signaling by 5-LO. This review summarizes the canonical and non-canonical functions of 5-LO with a particular focus on tumorigenesis, highlights unresolved issues, and suggests future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid S Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin Z, Ou R, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Huang J, Zhong Q, Li G, Zhang Q, Liu S. Coniferyl ferulate alleviate xylene-caused hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell toxicity by Mgst2. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1334445. [PMID: 38523643 PMCID: PMC10957570 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1334445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Xylene exposure is known to induce toxicity in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), leading to bone marrow suppression and potential leukemogenesis. However, research on the gene expression profiles associated with xylene-induced toxicity in HSPCs, and effective therapeutic interventions, remains scarce. In our study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to capture the transcriptomic shifts within bone marrow HSPCs both prior to and following treatment with coniferyl ferulate (CF) in a mouse model of xylene-induced hematotoxicity. Subsequently, we pinpointed CF as a targeted agent using SPR-LC/MS analysis. This enabled us to confirm the link between the gene Mgst2 and specific cellular subtypes. Our data revealed that CF significantly countered the reduction of both monocyte and neutrophil progenitor cells, which are commonly affected by xylene toxicity. Through targeted analysis, we identified Mgst2 as a direct molecular target of CF. Notably, Mgst2 is preferentially expressed in neutrophil progenitor cells and is implicated in mitochondrial metabolic processes. By selectively inhibiting Mgst2 in bone marrow, we observed amelioration of xylene-induced hematotoxic effects. In summary, our findings suggest that coniferyl ferulate can mitigate the detrimental impact of xylene on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by targeting Mgst2, particularly within subpopulations of neutrophil progenitors. This discovery not only advances our comprehension of the cellular response of HSPCs to xenobiotic stressors like xylene but also identifies CF and Mgst2 as potential therapeutic targets for alleviating xylene-induced hematotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guangchao Li
- *Correspondence: Guangchao Li, ; Qing Zhang, ; Shuang Liu,
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li L, Yin S, Kang S, Chen Z, Wang F, Pan W. Comprehensive effects of thiamethoxam from contaminated soil on lettuce growth and metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123186. [PMID: 38142029 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The second-generation neonicotinoid thiamethoxam, is prevalent in soils because of its extensive application and persistence. However, the comprehensive effects of thiamethoxam residue in soils on cultivated plants are still poorly understood. This study examined variations of growth state, physiological parameters, antioxidant activity, and metabolites in lettuce after thiamethoxam exposure; the removal effects of different washing procedures were also investigated. The results indicated that thiamethoxam in soils significantly increased the fresh weight, seedling height and chlorophyll content in lettuce, and also altered its lipid, carbohydrate, nucleotide and amino acids composition based on untargeted metabolomics. KEGG pathway analysis uncovered a disruption of lipid pathways in lettuce exposed to both low and high concentrations of thiamethoxam treatments. In addition, the terminal residues of thiamethoxam in lettuce were below the corresponding maximum residue limits stipulated for China. The thiamethoxam removal rates achieved by common washing procedures in lettuce ranged from 26.9% to 42.6%. This study thus promotes the understanding of the potential food safety risk caused by residual thiamethoxam in soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, China.
| | - Shijie Yin
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Shanshan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zenglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fuyun Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chaomulige, Matsuo T, Sugimoto K, Miyaji M, Hosoya O, Ueda M, Kobayashi R, Horii T, Hatada I. Morphometric Analysis of the Eye by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MGST2-Gene-Deficient Mice. Biomedicines 2024; 12:370. [PMID: 38397974 PMCID: PMC10887158 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Strabismus, a neuro-ophthalmological condition characterized by misalignment of the eyes, is a common ophthalmic disorder affecting both children and adults. In our previous study, we identified the microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 (MGST2) gene as one of the potential candidates for comitant strabismus susceptibility in a Japanese population. The MGST2 gene belongs to the membrane-associated protein involved in the generation of pro-inflammatory mediators, and it is also found in the protection against oxidative stress by decreasing the reactivity of oxidized lipids. To look for the roles of the MGST2 gene in the development, eye alignment, and overall morphology of the eye as the possible background of strabismus, MGST2 gene knockout (KO) mice were generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing with guide RNAs targeting the MGST2 exon 2. The ocular morphology of the KO mice was analyzed through high-resolution images obtained by a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine for small animals. The morphometric analyses showed that the height, width, and volume of the eyeballs in MGST2 KO homozygous mice were significantly greater than those of wild-type mice, indicating that the eyes of MGST2 KO homozygous mice were significantly enlarged. There were no significant differences in the axis length and axis angle. These morphological changes may potentially contribute to the development of a subgroup of strabismus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaomulige
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Toshihiko Matsuo
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kohei Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Mary Miyaji
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Osamu Hosoya
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Masashi Ueda
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging Analysis, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan; (R.K.); (T.H.); (I.H.)
| | - Takuro Horii
- Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan; (R.K.); (T.H.); (I.H.)
| | - Izuho Hatada
- Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan; (R.K.); (T.H.); (I.H.)
- Viral Vector Core, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Teder T, Haeggström JZ, Airavaara M, Lõhelaid H. Cross-talk between bioactive lipid mediators and the unfolded protein response in ischemic stroke. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 168:106760. [PMID: 37331425 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic cerebral stroke is a severe medical condition that affects about 15 million people every year and is the second leading cause of death and disability globally. Ischemic stroke results in neuronal cell death and neurological impairment. Current therapies may not adequately address the deleterious metabolic changes and may increase neurological damage. Oxygen and nutrient depletion along with the tissue damage result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, including the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), and neuroinflammation in the affected area and cause cell death in the lesion core. The spatio-temporal production of lipid mediators, either pro-inflammatory or pro-resolving, decides the course and outcome of stroke. The modulation of the UPR as well as the resolution of inflammation promotes post-stroke cellular viability and neuroprotection. However, studies about the interplay between the UPR and bioactive lipid mediators remain elusive and this review gives insights about the crosstalk between lipid mediators and the UPR in ischemic stroke. Overall, the treatment of ischemic stroke is often inadequate due to lack of effective drugs, thus, this review will provide novel therapeutical strategies that could promote the functional recovery from ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarvi Teder
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helike Lõhelaid
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koller A, Brunner SM, Preishuber-Pflügl J, Mayr D, Ladek AM, Runge C, Reitsamer HA, Trost A. Inhibition of CysLTR1 reduces the levels of aggregated proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13239. [PMID: 37580467 PMCID: PMC10425468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The endosomal-lysosomal system (ELS), which carries out cellular processes such as cellular waste degradation via autophagy, is essential for cell homeostasis. ELS inefficiency leads to augmented levels of damaged organelles and intracellular deposits. Consequently, the modulation of autophagic flux has been recognized as target to remove damaging cell waste. Recently, we showed that cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) antagonist application increases the autophagic flux in the retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19. Consequently, we investigated the effect of CysLTR1 inhibition-driven autophagy induction on aggregated proteins in ARPE-19 cells using flow cytometry analysis. A subset of ARPE-19 cells expressed CysLTR1 on the surface (SE+); these cells showed increased levels of autophagosomes, late endosomes/lysosomes, aggregated proteins, and autophagy as well as decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Furthermore, CysLTR1 inhibition for 24 h using the antagonist zafirlukast decreased the quantities of autophagosomes, late endosomes/lysosomes, aggregated proteins and ROS in CysLTR1 SE- and SE+ cells. We concluded that high levels of plasma membrane-localized CysLTR1 indicate an increased amount of aggregated protein, which raises the rate of autophagic flux. Furthermore, CysLTR1 antagonist application potentially mimics the physiological conditions observed in CysLTR1 SE+ cells and can be considered as strategy to dampen cellular aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koller
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Susanne Maria Brunner
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Preishuber-Pflügl
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniela Mayr
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anja-Maria Ladek
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Runge
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Herbert Anton Reitsamer
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andrea Trost
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang C, Liu J, Wang X, Li E, Song M, Yang Y, Qin C, Qin J, Chen L. Comprehensive transcriptional and metabolomic analysis reveals the neuroprotective mechanism of dietary gamma-aminobutyric acid response to hypoxic stress in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108663. [PMID: 36898515 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the serious stress challenges that aquatic animals face throughout their life. Our previous study found that hypoxia stress could induce neural excitotoxicity and neuronal apoptosis in Eriocheir sinensis, and observed that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has a positive neuroprotective effect on juvenile crabs under hypoxia. To reveal the neuroprotective pathway and metabolic regulatory mechanism of GABA in E. sinensis exposed to hypoxia stress, an 8-week feeding trial and acute hypoxia challenge were performed. Subsequently, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of the thoracic ganglia of juvenile crabs. Differential genes and differential metabolites were co-annotated to 11 KEGG pathways, and further significant analysis showed that only the sphingolipid signaling pathway and the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway were significantly enriched. In the sphingolipid signaling pathway, GABA treatment significantly increased long-chain ceramide content in thoracic ganglia, which exerted neuroprotective effects by activating downstream signals to inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Moreover, in the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, GABA could increase the content of neuroprotective active substances and reduce the content of harmful metabolites by regulating the metabolism of arachidonic acid for inflammatory regulation and neuroprotection. Furthermore, the decrease of glucose and lactate levels in the hemolymph suggests the positive role of GABA in metabolic regulation. This study reveals the neuroprotective pathways and possible mechanisms of GABA in juvenile E. sinensis exposed to hypoxia stress and inspires the discovery of new targets for improving hypoxia tolerance in aquatic animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Jiadai Liu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Erchao Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Mingqi Song
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Chuanjie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Sichuan, 641100, PR China
| | - Jianguang Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Koller A, Brunner SM, Preishuber-Pflügl J, Runge C, Ladek AM, Reitsamer HA, Trost A. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 is a potent regulator of the endosomal-lysosomal system in the ARPE-19 retinal pigment epithelial cell line. Traffic 2023; 24:177-189. [PMID: 36704929 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The endosomal-lysosomal system is central for cell homeostasis and comprises the functions and dynamics of particular organelles including endosomes, lysosomes and autophagosomes. In previous studies, we found that the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) regulates autophagy in the retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 under basal cellular conditions. However, the underlying mechanism by which CysLTR1 regulates autophagy is unknown. Thus, in the present study, the effects of CysLTR1 inhibition on the endosomal-lysosomal system are analyzed in detail to identify the role of CysLTR1 in cell homeostasis and autophagy regulation. CysLTR1 inhibition in ARPE-19 cells by Zafirlukast, a CysLTR1 antagonist, depleted the lysosomal pool. Furthermore, CysLTR1 antagonization reduced endocytic capacity and internalization of epidermal growth factor and decreased levels of the transferrin receptor, CD71. Serum starvation abolished the effect of Zafirlukast on the autophagic flux, which identifies the endocytic regulation of serum components by CysLTR1 as an important autophagy-modulating mechanism. The role of CysLTR1 in inflammation and cell stress has been exceedingly studied, but its involvement in the endosomal-lysosomal pathway is largely unknown. This current study provides new insights into basal activity of CysLTR1 on cellular endocytosis and the subsequent impact on downstream processes like autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koller
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Susanne Maria Brunner
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Preishuber-Pflügl
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Runge
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anja-Maria Ladek
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Herbert Anton Reitsamer
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andrea Trost
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jayaprakash AD, Ronk AJ, Prasad AN, Covington MF, Stein KR, Schwarz TM, Hekmaty S, Fenton KA, Geisbert TW, Basler CF, Bukreyev A, Sachidanandam R. Marburg and Ebola Virus Infections Elicit a Complex, Muted Inflammatory State in Bats. Viruses 2023; 15:350. [PMID: 36851566 PMCID: PMC9958679 DOI: 10.3390/v15020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Marburg and Ebola filoviruses cause a severe, often fatal, disease in humans and nonhuman primates but have only subclinical effects in bats, including Egyptian rousettes, which are a natural reservoir of Marburg virus. A fundamental question is why these viruses are highly pathogenic in humans but fail to cause disease in bats. To address this question, we infected one cohort of Egyptian rousette bats with Marburg virus and another cohort with Ebola virus and harvested multiple tissues for mRNA expression analysis. While virus transcripts were found primarily in the liver, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed coordinated changes across multiple tissues. Gene signatures in kidney and liver pointed at induction of vasodilation, reduction in coagulation, and changes in the regulation of iron metabolism. Signatures of immune response detected in spleen and liver indicated a robust anti-inflammatory state signified by macrophages in the M2 state and an active T cell response. The evolutionary divergence between bats and humans of many responsive genes might provide a framework for understanding the differing outcomes upon infection by filoviruses. In this study, we outline multiple interconnected pathways that respond to infection by MARV and EBOV, providing insights into the complexity of the mechanisms that enable bats to resist the disease caused by filoviral infections. The results have the potential to aid in the development of new strategies to effectively mitigate and treat the disease caused by these viruses in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam J. Ronk
- Department of Pathology, the University Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Abhishek N. Prasad
- Department of Pathology, the University Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | - Kathryn R. Stein
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Toni M. Schwarz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Saboor Hekmaty
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Karla A. Fenton
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department Microbiology & Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Thomas W. Geisbert
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department Microbiology & Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Christopher F. Basler
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, the University Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department Microbiology & Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ravi Sachidanandam
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Haeggström JZ, Newcomer ME. Structures of Leukotriene Biosynthetic Enzymes and Development of New Therapeutics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 63:407-428. [PMID: 36130059 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-085014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Leukotrienes are potent immune-regulating lipid mediators with patho-genic roles in inflammatory and allergic diseases, particularly asthma. These autacoids also contribute to low-grade inflammation, a hallmark of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, and tumor diseases. Biosynthesis of leukotrienes involves release and oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid and proceeds via a set of cytosolic and integral membrane enzymes that are typically expressed by cells of the innate immune system. In activated cells, these enzymes traffic and assemble at the endoplasmic and perinuclear membrane, together comprising a biosynthetic complex. Here we describe recent advances in our molecular understanding of the protein components of the leukotriene-synthesizing enzyme machinery and also briefly touch upon the leukotriene receptors. Moreover, we discuss emerging opportunities for pharmacological intervention and development of new therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Z Haeggström
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Chemistry 2, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Marcia E Newcomer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo W, Wang Y, Wu Y, Liu J, Li Y, Wang J, Ou S, Wu W. Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of nafamostat mesylate on rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:931670. [PMID: 36532745 PMCID: PMC9748812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.931670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role and mechanisms of action of nafamostat mesylate (NM) in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (RIAKI). Methods: RIAKI rats were assigned into control group (CN), RIAKI group (RM), and NM intervention group (NM). Inflammatory cytokines and proenkephalin a 119-159 (PENKID) were assessed. Cell apoptosis and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) were detected using TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 dye. The expression of genes and metabolites after NM intervention was profiled using transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated using qPCR. The KEGG and conjoint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome were used to analyze the enriched pathways and differential metabolites. The transcription factors were identified based on the animal TFDB 3.0 database. Results: Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and PENKID were remarkably higher in the RM group and lower in the NM group compared to the CN group. Pro-inflammatory cytokines increased in the RM group and notably decreased following NM treatment compared to the CN group. Tubular pathological damages were markedly attenuated and renal cell apoptosis was reduced significantly in the NM group compared to the RM group. The expression of GPX4 was lower in the RM group compared to the CN group, and it increased significantly after NM treatment. A total of 294 DEGs were identified in the RM group compared with the NM group, of which 192 signaling pathways were enriched, and glutathione metabolism, IL-17 signaling, and ferroptosis-related pathways were the top-ranking pathways. The transcriptional levels of Anpep, Gclc, Ggt1, Mgst2, Cxcl13, Rgn, and Akr1c1 were significantly different between the NM and RM group. Gclc was the key gene contributing to NM-mediated renal protection in RIAKI. Five hundred and five DEGs were annotated. Compared with the RM group, most of the upregulated DEGs in the NM group belonged to Glutathione metabolism, whereas most of the downregulated DEGs were related to the transcription factor Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Conclusion: NM protects the kidneys against RIAKI, which is mainly associated with NM mediated regulation of glutathione metabolism, inflammatory response, ferroptosis-related pathways, and the related key DEGs. Targeting these DEGs might emerge as a potential molecular therapy for RIAKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Guo
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital Qionglai Hospital, Medical Center Hospital Of Qionglai City. Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Santao Ou
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ansari SA, Dantoft W, Ruiz-Orera J, Syed AP, Blachut S, van Heesch S, Hübner N, Uhlenhaut NH. Integrative analysis of macrophage ribo-Seq and RNA-Seq data define glucocorticoid receptor regulated inflammatory response genes into distinct regulatory classes. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5622-5638. [PMID: 36284713 PMCID: PMC9582734 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone (Dex) are widely used to treat both acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. They regulate immune responses by dampening cell-mediated immunity in a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent manner, by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and by stimulating the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Despite its evident clinical benefit, the mechanistic underpinnings of the gene regulatory networks transcriptionally controlled by GR in a context-specific manner remain mysterious. Next generation sequencing methods such mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and Ribosome profiling (ribo-seq) provide tools to investigate the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms that govern gene expression. Here, we integrate matched RNA-seq data with ribo-seq data from human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cells treated with the TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and with Dex, to investigate the global transcriptional and translational regulation (translational efficiency, ΔTE) of Dex-responsive genes. We find that the expression of most of the Dex-responsive genes are regulated at both the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional level, with the transcriptional changes intensified on the translational level. Overrepresentation pathway analysis combined with STRING protein network analysis and manual functional exploration, identified these genes to encode immune effectors and immunomodulators that contribute to macrophage-mediated immunity and to the maintenance of macrophage-mediated immune homeostasis. Further research into the translational regulatory network underlying the GR anti-inflammatory response could pave the way for the development of novel immunomodulatory therapeutic regimens with fewer undesirable side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhail A. Ansari
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Widad Dantoft
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Orera
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Afzal P. Syed
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Blachut
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastiaan van Heesch
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany,Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany,Metabolic Programming, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) Deficiency Induces Apoptosis Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and the CHOP Pathway in HepG2 Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163356. [PMID: 36014863 PMCID: PMC9414855 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin is an essential micronutrient and a precursor of flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide for maintaining cell homeostasis. Riboflavin deficiency (RD) induces cell apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is considered to induce apoptosis, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) is a key pathway involved in this process. However, whether RD-induced apoptosis is mediated by ER stress and the CHOP pathway remains unclear and needs further investigation. Therefore, the current study presents the effect of RD on ER stress and apoptosis in the human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). Firstly, cells were cultured in a RD medium (4.55 nM riboflavin) and a control (CON) medium (1005 nM riboflavin). We conducted an observation of cell microstructure characterization and determining apoptosis. Subsequently, 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA), an ER stress inhibitor, was used in HepG2 cells to investigate the role of ER stress in RD-induced apoptosis. Finally, CHOP siRNA was transfected into HepG2 cells to validate whether RD triggered ER stress-mediated apoptosis by the CHOP pathway. The results show that RD inhibited cell proliferation and caused ER stress, as well as increased the expression of ER stress markers (CHOP, 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein, activating transcription factor 6) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, RD increased the cell apoptosis rate, enhanced the expression of proapoptotic markers (B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X, Caspase 3), and decreased the expression of the antiapoptotic marker (B-cell lymphoma 2) (p < 0.05). The 4-PBA treatment and CHOP knockdown markedly alleviated RD-induced cell apoptosis. These results demonstrate that RD induces cell apoptosis by triggering ER stress and the CHOP pathway.
Collapse
|
16
|
Preferential effect of Montelukast on Dapagliflozin: Modulation of IRS-1/AKT/GLUT4 and ER stress response elements improves insulin sensitivity in soleus muscle of a type-2 diabetic rat model. Life Sci 2022; 307:120865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
17
|
Su KK, Zheng XH, Bréchot C, Zheng XP, Zhu DH, Huang R, Zhang YH, Tao JJ, Lou YJ, Li LJ. Five-lipoxygenase-activating protein-mediated CYLD attenuation is a candidate driver in hepatic malignant lesion. Front Oncol 2022; 12:912881. [PMID: 35978827 PMCID: PMC9376481 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.912881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an inflammation-associated cancer. However, the lipid pro-inflammatory mediators have only been seldom investigated in HCC pathogenesis. Cylindromatosis (CYLD) attenuation is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, we aimed to evaluate the significance of hepatic lipid pro-inflammatory metabolites of arachidonate-affected CYLD expression via the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway. Resection liver tissues from HCC patients or donors were evaluated for the correlation of 5-LO/cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) signaling to the expression of CYLD. The impact of functional components in 5-LO/CysLTs cascade on survival of HCC patients was subsequently assessed. Both livers from canines, a preponderant animal for cancer research, and genetic-modified human HCC cells treated with hepatocarcinogen aristolochic acid I (AAI) were further used to reveal the possible relevance between 5-LO pathway activation and CYLD suppression. Five-LO-activating protein (FLAP), an essential partner of 5-LO, was significantly overexpressed and was parallel to CYLD depression, CD34 neovascular localization, and high Ki-67 expression in the resection tissues from HCC patients. Importantly, high hepatic FLAP transcription markedly shortened the median survival time of HCC patients after surgical resection. In the livers of AAI-treated canines, FLAP overexpression was parallel to enhanced CysLTs contents and the simultaneous attenuation of CYLD. Moreover, knock-in FLAP significantly diminished the expression of CYLD in AAI-treated human HCC cells. In summary, the hepatic FLAP/CysLTs axis is a crucial suppressor of CYLD in HCC pathogenesis, which highlights a novel mechanism in hepatocarcinogenesis and progression. FLAP therefore can be explored for the early HCC detection and a target of anti-HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-kai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-hua Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Xiao-ping Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan-hua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-jing Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-jia Lou
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan-juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lan-juan Li,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Daniels RC, Tiba MH, Cummings B, Yap YR, Ansari S, McCracken B, Sun Y, Jennaro T, Ward KR, Stringer KA. Redox Potential Correlates with Changes in Metabolite Concentrations Attributable to Pathways Active in Oxidative Stress Response in Swine Traumatic Shock. Shock 2022; 57:282-290. [PMID: 35670453 PMCID: PMC10314677 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, and the redox potential (RP) that must be maintained for proper cell function, lie at the heart of physiologic processes in critical illness. Imbalance in RP reflects systemic oxidative stress, and whole blood RP measures have been shown to correlate with oxygen debt level over time in swine traumatic shock. We hypothesize that RP measures reflect changing concentrations of metabolites involved in oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, we compared blood and urine RP with concentrations of multiple metabolites in a swine traumatic shock model to identify meaningful RP-metabolite relationships. METHODS Seven swine were subjected to traumatic shock. Mixed venous (MV) RP, urine RP, and concurrent MV and urine metabolite concentrations were assessed at baseline, max O 2 Debt (80 mL/kg), end resuscitation, and 2 h post-resuscitation. RP was measured at collection via open circuit potential using nanoporous gold electrodes with Ag/AgCl reference and a ParstatMC potentiostat. Metabolite concentrations were measured by quantitative 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. MV and urine RP were compared with time-matched metabolites across all swine. LASSO regression with leave-one-out cross validation was used to determine meaningful RP/metabolite relationships. Metabolites had to maintain magnitude and direction of coefficients across 6 or more swine to be considered as having a meaningful relationship. KEGG IDs of these metabolites were uploaded into Metscape for pathway identification and evaluation for physiologic function. RESULTS Meaningful metabolite relationships (and mean coefficients across cross-validation folds) with MV RP included: choline (-6.27), ATP (-4.39), glycine (5.93), ADP (1.84), glucose (15.96), formate (-13.09), pyruvate (6.18), and taurine (-7.18). Relationships with urine RP were: betaine (4.81), urea (4.14), glycine (-2.97), taurine (10.32), 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (-7.67), N-phenylacetylglycine, PAG (-14.52), hippurate (12.89), and formate (-5.89). These meaningful metabolites were found to scavenge extracellular peroxide (pyruvate), inhibit ROS and activate cellular antioxidant defense (taurine), act as indicators of antioxidant mobilization against oxidative stress (glycine + PAG), and reflect renal hydroxyl radical trapping (hippurate), among other activities. CONCLUSIONS Real-time RP measures demonstrate significant relationships with metabolites attributable to metabolic pathways involved in systemic responses to oxidative stress, as well as those involved in these processes. These data support RP measures as a feasible, biologically relevant marker of oxidative stress. As a direct measure of redox state, RP may be a useful biomarker and clinical tool in guiding diagnosis and therapy in states of increased oxidative stress and may offer value as a marker for organ injury in these states as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney C. Daniels
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M. Hakam Tiba
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Brandon Cummings
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Yan Rou Yap
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sardar Ansari
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Brendan McCracken
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Yihan Sun
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Teddy Jennaro
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kevin R. Ward
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kathleen A. Stringer
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Clavere NG, Alqallaf A, Rostron KA, Parnell A, Mitchell R, Patel K, Boateng SY. Inhibition of activin A receptor signalling attenuates age-related pathological cardiac remodelling. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:275323. [PMID: 35380160 PMCID: PMC9118092 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the heart, ageing is associated with DNA damage, oxidative stress, fibrosis and activation of the activin signalling pathway, leading to cardiac dysfunction. The cardiac effects of activin signalling blockade in progeria are unknown. This study investigated the cardiac effects of progeria induced by attenuated levels of Ercc1, which is required for DNA excision and repair, and the impact of activin signalling blockade using a soluble activin receptor type IIB (sActRIIB). DNA damage and oxidative stress were significantly increased in Ercc1Δ/− hearts, but were reduced by sActRIIB treatment. sActRIIB treatment improved cardiac systolic function and induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in Ercc1Δ/− hearts. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that in Ercc1Δ/− hearts, there was an increase in pro-oxidant and a decrease in antioxidant gene expression, whereas sActRIIB treatment reversed this effect. Ercc1Δ/− hearts also expressed higher levels of anti-hypertrophic genes and decreased levels of pro-hypertrophic ones, which were also reversed by sActRIIB treatment. These results show for the first time that inhibition of activin A receptor signalling attenuates cardiac dysfunction, pathological tissue remodelling and gene expression in Ercc1-deficient mice and presents a potentially novel therapeutic target for heart diseases. Summary: Attenuated DNA repair is associated with pathological cardiac remodelling and gene expression. Much of this phenotype is attenuated by inhibition of the activin signalling pathway using soluble activin receptor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas G Clavere
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Ali Alqallaf
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Kerry A Rostron
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andrew Parnell
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Robert Mitchell
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Ketan Patel
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Samuel Y Boateng
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, Health and Life Sciences Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6UB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yan J, Ye G, Shao Y. High expression of the ferroptosis-associated MGST1 gene in relation to poor outcome and maladjusted immune cell infiltration in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24317. [PMID: 35218676 PMCID: PMC8993612 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) tightly correlates with dysregulated iron homeostasis. MGST1 (microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1) involves in the regulation of oxidative stress and plays a key role in inhibiting iron-mediated cell death in cancer cells. Hence, we aimed to illuminate the characteristics of MGST1 expression and prognosis in UCEC using bioinformatics prediction to provide novel perspectives for theoretical supplementation and ferroptosis-based immunotherapy. METHODS We retrieved MGST1 expression data via several public data portals. The relationships between MGST1 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics as well as survival time were evaluated via multivariate methods and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The MGST1-interacting protein-protein interaction was also established by the STRING website. The TIMER and GEPIA databases were used to illustrate the association between MGST1 expression and infiltrated immune cells. We used the MethSurv website and the UALCAN website to determine the relationship between MGST1 expression and DNA methylation. RESULTS MGST1 overexpression in UCEC compared with normal tissues correlates with different histological types, a lack of hormone therapy and poor survival time. MGST1 interacts with several ferroptosis-related proteins. Overexpression of MGST1 was accompanied by lower levels of NK cell and CD8+ T cell infiltration, higher myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and different immunocytes with corresponding markers. Hypermethylation and low promoter methylation cooperate to regulate MGST1 expression. CONCLUSION Elevated MGST1 expression is related to tumour development and poor prognosis, as well as dysregulated infiltration of immune cells in UCEC, which can be a potential prognostic indicator and ferroptosis-based immunotherapy target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Yan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guoliang Ye
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongfu Shao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu Z, Feng J, Song H, Zhou C, Yang MJ, Shi P, Yu ZL, Guo YJ, Li YR, Zhang T. Metabolic response of Mercenaria mercenaria under heat and hypoxia stress by widely targeted metabolomic approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151172. [PMID: 34710412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the context of global climatic changes, marine organisms have been exposed to environmental stressors including heat and hypoxia. This calls for the design of multi-stressors to uncover the impact of oceanic factors on aquatic organisms. So far, little is known about the metabolic response of marine organisms, especially bivalves, to the combined effects of heat and hypoxia. In this study, we employed widely targeted metabolomic analysis to study the metabolic response of gills in hard clam, a heat- and hypoxia-tolerant bivalve. A total of 810 metabolites were identified. Results showed that the heat group (HT) and heat plus hypoxia group (HL) had a higher number of differential metabolites than the hypoxia group (LO). Glycolysis was affected by the heat and heat plus hypoxia stress. Moreover, anaerobic metabolic biomarkers were accumulated marking the onset of anaerobic metabolism. Environmental stresses may affect Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Accumulation of carnitine and glycerophospholipid may promote fatty acid β oxidation and maintain cell membrane stability, respectively. The high content of oxidized lipids (i.e., Leukotriene) in HL and HT groups implied that the organisms were under ROS stress. The significantly differential metabolites of organic osmolytes and vitamins might relieve ROS stress. Moreover, accumulation of thermoprotective osmolytes (monosaccharide, Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)) accumulation was helpful to maintain protein homeostasis. This investigation provided new insights into the adaptation mechanisms of hard clam to heat, hypoxia and combined stress at the metabolite level and highlighted the roles of molecules and protectants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hao Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei-Jie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pu Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheng-Lin Yu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yong-Jun Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yong-Ren Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sharma M, Singh V, Sharma R, Koul A, McCarthy ET, Savin VJ, Joshi T, Srivastava T. Glomerular Biomechanical Stress and Lipid Mediators during Cellular Changes Leading to Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020407. [PMID: 35203616 PMCID: PMC8962328 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperfiltration is an important underlying cause of glomerular dysfunction associated with several systemic and intrinsic glomerular conditions leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). These include obesity, diabetes, hypertension, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), congenital abnormalities and reduced renal mass (low nephron number). Hyperfiltration-associated biomechanical forces directly impact the cell membrane, generating tensile and fluid flow shear stresses in multiple segments of the nephron. Ongoing research suggests these biomechanical forces as the initial mediators of hyperfiltration-induced deterioration of podocyte structure and function leading to their detachment and irreplaceable loss from the glomerular filtration barrier. Membrane lipid-derived polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their metabolites are potent transducers of biomechanical stress from the cell surface to intracellular compartments. Omega-6 and ω-3 long-chain PUFA from membrane phospholipids generate many versatile and autacoid oxylipins that modulate pro-inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory autocrine and paracrine signaling. We advance the idea that lipid signaling molecules, related enzymes, metabolites and receptors are not just mediators of cellular stress but also potential targets for developing novel interventions. With the growing emphasis on lifestyle changes for wellness, dietary fatty acids are potential adjunct-therapeutics to minimize/treat hyperfiltration-induced progressive glomerular damage and CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukut Sharma
- Research and Development Service, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-816-861-4700 (ext. 58222)
| | - Vikas Singh
- Neurology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
| | - Ram Sharma
- Research and Development Service, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
| | - Arnav Koul
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Ellen T. McCarthy
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66160, USA;
| | - Virginia J. Savin
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA;
| | - Tarak Srivastava
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (A.K.); (V.J.S.); (T.S.)
- Section of Nephrology, Children’s Mercy Hospital and University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Koller A, Preishuber-Pflügl J, Runge C, Ladek AM, Brunner SM, Aigner L, Reitsamer H, Trost A. Chronobiological activity of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 during basal and induced autophagy in the ARPE-19 retinal pigment epithelial cell line. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25670-25693. [PMID: 34919533 PMCID: PMC8751616 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an important cellular mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and its impairment correlates highly with age and age-related diseases. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells of the eye represent a crucial model for studying autophagy, as RPE functions and integrity are highly dependent on an efficient autophagic process. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) acts in immunoregulation and cellular stress responses and is a potential regulator of basal and adaptive autophagy. As basal autophagy is a dynamic process, the aim of this study was to define the role of CysLTR1 in autophagy regulation in a chronobiologic context using the ARPE-19 human RPE cell line. Effects of CysLTR1 inhibition on basal autophagic activity were analyzed at inactive/low and high lysosomal degradation activity with the antagonists zafirlukast (ZTK) and montelukast (MTK) at a dosage of 100 nM for 3 hours. Abundances of the autophagy markers LC3-II and SQSTM1 and LC3B particles were analyzed in the absence and presence of lysosomal inhibitors using western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy. CysLTR1 antagonization revealed a biphasic effect of CysLTR1 on autophagosome formation and lysosomal degradation that depended on the autophagic activity of cells at treatment initiation. ZTK and MTK affected lysosomal degradation, but only ZTK regulated autophagosome formation. In addition, dexamethasone treatment and serum shock induced autophagy, which was repressed by CysLTR1 antagonization. As a newly identified autophagy modulator, CysLTR1 appears to be a key player in the chronobiological regulation of basal autophagy and adaptive autophagy in RPE cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koller
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Julia Preishuber-Pflügl
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Christian Runge
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Anja-Maria Ladek
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Susanne Maria Brunner
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Herbert Reitsamer
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Andrea Trost
- Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Baumgarten N, Schmidt F, Wegner M, Hebel M, Kaulich M, Schulz MH. Computational prediction of CRISPR-impaired non-coding regulatory regions. Biol Chem 2021; 402:973-982. [PMID: 33660495 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide CRISPR screens are becoming more widespread and allow the simultaneous interrogation of thousands of genomic regions. Although recent progress has been made in the analysis of CRISPR screens, it is still an open problem how to interpret CRISPR mutations in non-coding regions of the genome. Most of the tools concentrate on the interpretation of mutations introduced in gene coding regions. We introduce a computational pipeline that uses epigenomic information about regulatory elements for the interpretation of CRISPR mutations in non-coding regions. We illustrate our analysis protocol on the analysis of a genome-wide CRISPR screen in hTERT-RPE1 cells and reveal novel regulatory elements that mediate chemoresistance against doxorubicin in these cells. We infer links to established and to novel chemoresistance genes. Our analysis protocol is general and can be applied on any cell type and with different CRISPR enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Baumgarten
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence MMCI, Saarland University, and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Schmidt
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence MMCI, Saarland University, and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Data Analytics, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, 138672, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Martin Wegner
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marie Hebel
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manuel Kaulich
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University - Medical Faculty, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence MMCI, Saarland University, and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Thulasingam M, Orellana L, Nji E, Ahmad S, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Haeggström JZ. Crystal structures of human MGST2 reveal synchronized conformational changes regulating catalysis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1728. [PMID: 33741927 PMCID: PMC7979937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21924-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 (MGST2) produces leukotriene C4, key for intracrine signaling of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative DNA damage and cell death. MGST2 trimer restricts catalysis to only one out of three active sites at a time, but the molecular basis is unknown. Here, we present crystal structures of human MGST2 combined with biochemical and computational evidence for a concerted mechanism, involving local unfolding coupled to global conformational changes that regulate catalysis. Furthermore, synchronized changes in the biconical central pore modulate the hydrophobicity and control solvent influx to optimize reaction conditions at the active site. These unique mechanistic insights pertain to other, structurally related, drug targets. Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 (MGST2) produces leukotriene C4, an intracrine mediator of cell death. Structural, biochemical and computational analyses of human MGST2 suggest a mechanism employed by the enzyme to restrict catalysis to only one active site within the MGST2 trimer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuranayaki Thulasingam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Laura Orellana
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emmanuel Nji
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,BioStruct-Africa, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shabbir Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Agnes Rinaldo-Matthis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Qianru C, Xueyuan H, Bing Z, Qing Z, Kaixin Z, Shu L. Regulation of H 2S-induced necroptosis and inflammation in broiler bursa of Fabricius by the miR-15b-5p/TGFBR3 axis and the involvement of oxidative stress in this process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124682. [PMID: 33307448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an air pollutant, having toxic effects on immune system. Necroptosis has been discussed as a new form of cell death and plays an important role in inflammation. To investigate the mechanism of H2S-induced immune injury, and the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this process, based on the results of high-throughput sequencing, we selected the most significantly changed miR-15b-5p for subsequent experiments. We further predicted and determined the targeting relationship between miR-15b-5p and TGFBR3 in HD11 through miRDB, Targetscan and dual-luciferase, and found that miR-15b-5p is highly expressed in H2S-induced necroptosis and inflammation. To understand whether miR-15b-5p/TGFBR3 axis could involve in the process of necroptosis and inflammation, we further revealed that the high expression of miR-15b-5p and the knockdown of TGFBR3 can induce necroptosis. Nec-1 treatment enhanced the survival rate of cells. Notably, H2S exposure induces oxidative stress and activates the TGF-β pathway, which are collectively regulated by the miR-15b-5p/TGFBR3 axis. Our present study provides a new perspective for necroptosis regulated by the miR-15b-5p/TGFBR3 axis and reveals a new form of inflammation regulation in immune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Qianru
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hu Xueyuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhao Bing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhang Qing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhang Kaixin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Li Shu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Conserved amino acids in the region connecting membrane spanning domain 1 to nucleotide binding domain 1 are essential for expression of the MRP1 (ABCC1) transporter. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246727. [PMID: 33571281 PMCID: PMC7877750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) (gene symbol ABCC1) is an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter which effluxes xeno- and endobiotic organic anions including estradiol glucuronide and the pro-inflammatory leukotriene C4. MRP1 also confers multidrug resistance by reducing intracellular drug accumulation through active efflux. MRP1 has three membrane spanning domains (MSD), and two nucleotide binding domains (NBD). MSD1 and MSD2 are linked to NBD1 and NBD2 by connecting regions (CR) 1 and CR2, respectively. Here we targeted four residues in CR1 (Ser612, Arg615, His622, Glu624) for alanine substitution and unexpectedly, found that cellular levels of three mutants (S612A, R615A, E624A) in transfected HEK cells were substantially lower than wild-type MRP1. Whereas CR1-H622A properly trafficked to the plasma membrane and exhibited organic anion transport activity comparable to wild-type MRP1, the poorly expressing R615A and E624A (and to a lesser extent S612A) mutant proteins were retained intracellularly. Analyses of cryogenic electron microscopic and atomic homology models of MRP1 indicated that Arg615 and Glu624 might participate in bonding interactions with nearby residues to stabilize expression of the transporter. However, this was not supported by double exchange mutations E624K/K406E, R615D/D430R and R615F/F619R which failed to improve MRP1 levels. Nevertheless, these experiments revealed that the highly conserved CR1-Phe619 and distal Lys406 in the first cytoplasmic loop of MSD1 are also essential for expression of MRP1 protein. This study is the first to demonstrate that CR1 contains several highly conserved residues critical for plasma membrane expression of MRP1 but thus far, currently available structures and models do not provide any insights into the underlying mechanism(s). Additional structures with rigorous biochemical validation data are needed to fully understand the bonding interactions critical to stable expression of this clinically important ABC transporter.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hung CH, Lin YC, Tsai YG, Lin YC, Kuo CH, Tsai ML, Kuo CH, Liao WT. Acrylamide Induces Mitophagy and Alters Macrophage Phenotype via Reactive Oxygen Species Generation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041683. [PMID: 33567502 PMCID: PMC7914752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide is a readily exposed toxic organic compound due to its formation in many carbohydrate rich foods that are cooked at high temperatures. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is an important factor for mitophagy, has been reported to lead to airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness, and remodeling. Epigenetic regulation is an important modification affecting gene transcription. In this study, the effects of acrylamide on ROS productions and mitophagy were investigated. The human monocytic cell line THP-1 was treated with acrylamide, and ROS productions were investigated by flow cytometry. The mitochondrial and epigenetic involvement was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Histone modifications were examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Mitophagy was detected by Western blotting and confocal laser microscopy. Acrylamide promoted mitochondria-specific ROS generation in macrophages. The gene expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II SDHA was increased under acrylamide treatment. Acrylamide induced histone H3K4 and H3K36 tri-methylation in an SDHA promoter and increased mitophagy-related PINK1 expression, which promoted a M2-like phenotypic switch with increase TGF-β and CCL2 levels in THP-1 cells. In conclusion, acrylamide induced ROS production through histone tri-methylation in an SDHA promoter and further increased the expression of mitophagy-related PINK-1, which was associated with a macrophage M2 polarization shift.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Degree Program of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Giien Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Medical Humanities and Education, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of Allergology, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hong Kuo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Lan Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.K.); (W.-T.L.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2791) (W.-T.L.); Fax: +886-7-312-5339 (W.-T.L.)
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-H.K.); (W.-T.L.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2791) (W.-T.L.); Fax: +886-7-312-5339 (W.-T.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Polydatin Protects Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Against Zearalenone-Induced Apoptosis By Inhibiting Oxidative Responses and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13020121. [PMID: 33562867 PMCID: PMC7915214 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin of the Fusarium genus that can cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). Polydatin (PD), a glycoside purified from Polygonum cuspidatum, has antioxidant properties. This study aimed to explore whether PD can alleviate ZEA-induced damage on bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). We found that incasing the concentration of ZEA (0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 240 μM) gradually decreased the cell viability. PD treatment alone at 5, 10, and 20 μM did not affect cell viability. Follow-up studies then applied 30 μM of ZEA and 5 μM of PD to treat cells; the results showed that the ZEA + PD treatment group effectively reduced cell oxidative damage compared with the ZEA treatment group. The qPCR analysis showed that ZEA treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of ER stress-related genes, relative to the control. However, adding PD significantly down-regulated the expression of ER stress-related genes. The cell apoptosis detection results showed that, compared with the ZEA treatment group, the ZEA + PD treatment group down-regulated the Bax gene and up-regulated the Bcl-2 gene expressions, which reduced the cell apoptosis rate and Caspase-3 activity. Taken together, these results indicate that PD reduces ZEA-induced apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative damage and ER stress.
Collapse
|
30
|
Saier L, Peyruchaud O. Emerging role of cysteinyl LTs in cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:5036-5055. [PMID: 33527344 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are inflammatory lipid mediators that play a central role in the pathophysiology of several inflammatory diseases. Recently, there has been an increased interest in determining how these lipid mediators orchestrate tumour development and metastasis through promoting a pro-tumour micro-environment. Up-regulation of CysLTs receptors and CysLTs production is found in a number of cancers and has been associated with increased tumorigenesis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of CysLTs and their receptors in cancer progression will help investigate the potential of targeting CysLTs signalling for anti-cancer therapy. This review gives an overview of the biological effects of CysLTs and their receptors, along with current knowledge of their regulation and expression. It also provides a recent update on the molecular mechanisms that have been postulated to explain their role in tumorigenesis and on the potential of anti-CysLTs in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lou Saier
- INSERM, Unit 1033, LYOS, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Peyruchaud
- INSERM, Unit 1033, LYOS, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cetin R, Quandt E, Kaulich M. Functional Genomics Approaches to Elucidate Vulnerabilities of Intrinsic and Acquired Chemotherapy Resistance. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020260. [PMID: 33525637 PMCID: PMC7912423 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a commonly unavoidable consequence of cancer treatment that results in therapy failure and disease relapse. Intrinsic (pre-existing) or acquired resistance mechanisms can be drug-specific or be applicable to multiple drugs, resulting in multidrug resistance. The presence of drug resistance is, however, tightly coupled to changes in cellular homeostasis, which can lead to resistance-coupled vulnerabilities. Unbiased gene perturbations through RNAi and CRISPR technologies are invaluable tools to establish genotype-to-phenotype relationships at the genome scale. Moreover, their application to cancer cell lines can uncover new vulnerabilities that are associated with resistance mechanisms. Here, we discuss targeted and unbiased RNAi and CRISPR efforts in the discovery of drug resistance mechanisms by focusing on first-in-line chemotherapy and their enforced vulnerabilities, and we present a view forward on which measures should be taken to accelerate their clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronay Cetin
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt-Medical Faculty, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Eva Quandt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Manuel Kaulich
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt-Medical Faculty, University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-69-6301-5450
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lipid metabolism and identification of biomarkers in asthma by lipidomic analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1866:158853. [PMID: 33160078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids participate in many important biological functions through energy storage, material transport, signal transduction, and molecular recognition processes. Studies have reported that asthmatic patients have abnormal lipid metabolism. However, there are limited studies on the characterization of lipid metabolism in asthmatic patients by lipidomics. METHODS We characterized the plasma lipid profile of 28 healthy controls and 33 outpatients with asthma (18 mild, 15 moderate) by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry-based lipidomics. RESULTS We determined 1338 individual lipid species in the plasma. Significant changes were identified in ten lipid species in asthmatic patients than in healthy controls (all P < 0.05). Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (18:1p/22:6), PE (20:0/18:1), PE (38:1), sphingomyelin (SM) (d18:1/18:1), and triglyceride (TG) (16:0/16:0/18:1) positively correlated with the severity of asthma (all P < 0.05). Phosphatidylinositol (PI) (16:0/20:4), TG (17:0/18:1/18:1), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) (44:0), ceramide (Cer) (d16:0/27:2), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (22:4) negatively correlated with the severity of asthma (all P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between all ten lipid species (all P < 0.05). From the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, PE (38:1) was the major lipid metabolite that distinguished asthmatic patients from healthy controls, and may be considered a potential lipid biomarker. PE (20:0/18:1) and TG (16:0/16:0/18:1) might be related to IgE levels in asthmatic patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated the presence of abnormal lipid metabolism, which correlated with the severity and IgE levels in asthmatic patients.
Collapse
|
33
|
Wu C, Chen W, Yu F, Yuan Y, Chen Y, Hurst DR, Li Y, Li L, Liu Z. Long Noncoding RNA HITTERS Protects Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells from Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis via Promoting MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 Complex Formation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002747. [PMID: 33240783 PMCID: PMC7675039 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have proven that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exhibit regulatory functions of both DNA damage response (DDR) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Herein, ER stress-induced lncRNA transcriptomic changes are reported in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and a novel lncRNA HITTERS ( H ERPUD1 intronic transcript of ER stress) is identified as the most significantly upregulated lncRNA. It is shown that HITTERS is a nucleus-located lncRNA including two transcript variants. HITTERS lacks an independent promoter but shares the same promoter with HERPUD1. HITTERS is transcriptionally regulated by Activating Transcription Factor (ATF) 6, ATF4, X-Box Binding Protein 1 (XBP1), and DNA methylation. In human OSCC tissues, HITTERS is significantly correlated with OSCC clinicopathological features and prognosis. Gain- and loss-of-function studies reveal that HITTERS promotes OSCC proliferation and invasion via influencing the expression of growth factor receptors and the downstream pathways. Once ER stress is triggered, HITTERS significantly attenuates ER stress-induced apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanically, HITTERS functions as RNA scaffold to promote MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex formation in the repair of ER stress-induced DNA damage. To sum up, this study presents a novel lncRNA, namely HITTERS, which links ER stress and DDR together in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Fanyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of EndodonticsWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yihang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yafei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Douglas R. Hurst
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL35294USA
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Head and Neck OncologyWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityNumber 14, Unit 3, Renmin Nan RoadChengduSichuan610041China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 modulates autophagic activity in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17659. [PMID: 33077798 PMCID: PMC7573618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74755-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which is among the tissues in the body that are exposed to the highest levels of phagocytosis and oxidative stress, is dependent on autophagy function. Impaired autophagy and continuous cellular stress are associated with various disorders, such as dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a disease for which effective therapies are lacking. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLTR) 1 is a potential modulator of autophagy; thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of CysLTR1 in autophagy regulation in the RPE cell line ARPE-19. The polarized ARPE-19 monolayer exhibited expression of CysLTR1, which was colocalized with β-tubulin III. In ARPE-19 cells, autophagic activity was rhythmically regulated and was increased upon CysLTR1 inhibition by Zafirlukast (ZK) treatment. H2O2 affected the proautophagic regulatory effect of ZK treatment depending on whether it was applied simultaneously with or prior to ZK treatment. Furthermore, mRNA levels of genes related to the leukotriene system, autophagy and the unfolded protein response were positively correlated. As CysLTR1 is involved in autophagy regulation under basal and oxidative stress conditions, a dysfunctional leukotriene system could negatively affect RPE functions. Therefore, CysLTR1 is a potential target for new treatment approaches for neurodegenerative disorders, such as AMD.
Collapse
|
35
|
Mohammad Nezhady MA, Rivera JC, Chemtob S. Location Bias as Emerging Paradigm in GPCR Biology and Drug Discovery. iScience 2020; 23:101643. [PMID: 33103080 PMCID: PMC7569339 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
GPCRs are the largest receptor family that are involved in virtually all biological processes. Pharmacologically, they are highly druggable targets, as they cover more than 40% of all drugs in the market. Our knowledge of biased signaling provided insight into pharmacology vastly improving drug design to avoid unwanted effects and achieve higher efficacy and selectivity. However, yet another feature of GPCR biology is left largely unexplored, location bias. Recent developments in this field show promising avenues for evolution of new class of pharmaceuticals with greater potential for higher level of precision medicine. Further consideration and understanding of this phenomenon with deep biochemical and molecular insights would pave the road to success. In this review, we critically analyze this perspective and discuss new avenues of investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Mohammad Nezhady
- Programmes en Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Corresponding author
| | | | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Programmes en Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang S, Lv Y, Wu C, Liu B, Shu Z, Lin Y. Pickled Vegetables Intake Impacts the Metabolites for Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:8263-8273. [PMID: 32982422 PMCID: PMC7490060 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s271277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose An increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) for pickled vegetables intake has been suggested, but a complete understanding of its pathogenic origin is still lacking, especially from a metabolic viewpoint. We investigated the plasma metabolites and metabolic pathway alteration of GC related to pickled vegetables intake. Methods We analyzed plasma samples collected from 365 gastric cancer patients and 347 healthy individuals, and divided them into three subgroups according to the intake of pickled vegetables. Plasma samples were detected by untargeted metabolomics. Results Nine metabolites were significantly altered in GC patients among pickled vegetables intake groups (FDR P-value<0.05). All of them were associated with the risk of gastric cancer adjusted for gender, age, smoking status, Helicobacter pylori infection. Pathway analysis showed significant alteration in the folate biosynthesis pathway. Conclusion In short, we provide new insights from a metabolic perspective on the relationship between pickled vegetables intake and the occurrence of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfeng Yang
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Lv
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuancheng Wu
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoying Liu
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiong Shu
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Lin
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hepatitis B Virus preS/S Truncation Mutant rtM204I/sW196* Increases Carcinogenesis through Deregulated HIF1A, MGST2, and TGFbi. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176366. [PMID: 32887289 PMCID: PMC7503731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inevitable long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogs in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has selected reverse-transcriptase (rt) mutants in a substantial proportion of patients. Some of these mutants introduce premature stop codons in the overlapping surface (s) gene, including rtA181T/sW172*, which has been shown to enhance oncogenicity. The oncogenicity of another drug-resistant mutant, rtM204I/sW196*, has not been studied. We constructed plasmids harboring rtM204I/sW196* and assessed the in vitro cell transformation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, and xenograft tumorigenesis of the transformants. Cellular gene expression was analyzed by cDNA microarray and was validated. The rtM204I/sW196* transformants, compared with the control or wild type, showed enhanced transactivation activities for c-fos, increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis, more anchorage-independent growth, and enhanced tumor growth in mouse xenografts. X box-binding protein-1 (XBP1) splicing analysis showed no ER stress response. Altered gene expressions, including up-regulated MGST2 and HIF1A, and downregulated transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFbi), were unveiled by cDNA microarray and validated by RT-qPCR. The TGFbi alteration occurred in transformants with wild type or mutated HBV. The altered MGST2 and HIF1A were found only with mutated HBV. The rtM204I/sW196* preS/S truncation may endorse the cell transformation and tumorigenesis ability via altered host gene expressions, including MGST2, HIF1A, and TGFbi. Downregulated TGFbi may be a common mechanism for oncogenicity in HBV surface truncation mutants.
Collapse
|
38
|
Nelson AJ, Stephenson DJ, Bone RN, Cardona CL, Park MA, Tusing YG, Lei X, Kokotos G, Graves CL, Mathews CE, Kramer J, Hessner MJ, Chalfant CE, Ramanadham S. Lipid mediators and biomarkers associated with type 1 diabetes development. JCI Insight 2020; 5:138034. [PMID: 32814707 PMCID: PMC7455134 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a consequence of autoimmune β cell destruction, but the role of lipids in this process is unknown. We previously reported that activation of Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2β (iPLA2β) modulates polarization of macrophages (MΦ). Hydrolysis of the sn-2 substituent of glycerophospholipids by iPLA2β can lead to the generation of oxidized lipids (eicosanoids), pro- and antiinflammatory, which can initiate and amplify immune responses triggering β cell death. As MΦ are early triggers of immune responses in islets, we examined the impact of iPLA2β-derived lipids (iDLs) in spontaneous-T1D prone nonobese diabetic mice (NOD), in the context of MΦ production and plasma abundances of eicosanoids and sphingolipids. We find that (a) MΦNOD exhibit a proinflammatory lipid landscape during the prediabetic phase; (b) early inhibition or genetic reduction of iPLA2β reduces production of select proinflammatory lipids, promotes antiinflammatory MΦ phenotype, and reduces T1D incidence; (c) such lipid changes are reflected in NOD plasma during the prediabetic phase and at T1D onset; and (d) importantly, similar lipid signatures are evidenced in plasma of human subjects at high risk for developing T1D. These findings suggest that iDLs contribute to T1D onset and identify select lipids that could be targeted for therapeutics and, in conjunction with autoantibodies, serve as early biomarkers of pre-T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Nelson
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, and.,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Daniel J Stephenson
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology (CMMB), University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Robert N Bone
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Christopher L Cardona
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology (CMMB), University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Margaret A Park
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology (CMMB), University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ying G Tusing
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, and.,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, and.,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - George Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina L Graves
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Clayton E Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Joanna Kramer
- Max McGee Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics at Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Research Institute of Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Martin J Hessner
- Max McGee Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics at Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Research Institute of Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Charles E Chalfant
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology (CMMB), University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Sasanka Ramanadham
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, and.,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Higurashi T, Arimoto J, Ashikari K, Takatsu T, Misawa N, Yoshihara T, Matsuura T, Fuyuki A, Ohkubo H, Nakajima A. The efficacy of a leukotriene receptor antagonist in the treatment of human rectal aberrant crypt foci: a nonrandomized, open-label, controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:770. [PMID: 32807113 PMCID: PMC7433177 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) are broadly used for the management of allergic asthma and have recently been indicated to inhibit carcinogenesis and cancer cell growth. In colorectal cancer (CRC) chemoprevention studies, the occurrence of adenoma or CRC itself is generally set as the trial endpoint. Although the occurrence rate of CRC is the most confident endpoint, it is inappropriate for chemoprevention studies because CRC incidence rate is low in the general population and needed for long-term monitoring. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF), defined as lesions containing crypts that are larger in diameter and darker in methylene blue staining than normal crypts, are regarded to be a fine surrogate biomarker of CRC. Therefore, this prospective study was designed to explore the chemopreventive effect of LTRA on colonic ACF formation and the safety of the medicine in patients scheduled for a poly resection as a pilot trial leading the CRC chemoprevention trial. METHODS This study is a nonrandomized, open-label, controlled trial in patients with colorectal ACF and polyps scheduled for a polypectomy. Participants meet the inclusion criteria will be recruited, and the number of ACF in the rectum will be counted at the baseline colonoscopic examination. Next, the participants will be assigned to the LTRA or no treatment group. Participants in the LTRA group will continue 10 mg of oral montelukast for 8 weeks, and those in the no treatment group will be observed without the administration of any additional drugs. At the end of the 8-week LTRA intervention period, a polypectomy will be conducted to evaluate the changes in the number of ACF, and cell proliferation in the normal colorectal epithelium will be analyzed. DISCUSSION This will be the first study to investigate the effect of LTRAs on colorectal ACF formation in humans. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000029926 . Registered 10 November 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Higurashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Jun Arimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ashikari
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Takatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Noboru Misawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yoshihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Akiko Fuyuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ohkubo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Thulasingam M, Haeggström JZ. Integral Membrane Enzymes in Eicosanoid Metabolism: Structures, Mechanisms and Inhibitor Design. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:4999-5022. [PMID: 32745470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are potent lipid mediators involved in central physiological processes such as hemostasis, renal function and parturition. When formed in excess, eicosanoids become critical players in a range of pathological conditions, in particular pain, fever, arthritis, asthma, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Eicosanoids are generated via oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid along the cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways. Specific lipid species are formed downstream of COX and LOX by specialized synthases, some of which reside on the nuclear and endoplasmic reticulum, including mPGES-1, FLAP, LTC4 synthase, and MGST2. These integral membrane proteins are members of the family "membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism" (MAPEG). Here we focus on this enzyme family, which encompasses six human members typically catalyzing glutathione dependent transformations of lipophilic substrates. Enzymes of this family have evolved to combat the topographical challenge and unfavorable energetics of bringing together two chemically different substrates, from cytosol and lipid bilayer, for catalysis within a membrane environment. Thus, structural understanding of these enzymes are of utmost importance to unravel their molecular mechanisms, mode of substrate entry and product release, in order to facilitate novel drug design against severe human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuranayaki Thulasingam
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang Y, Ma S, Ruzzo WL. Spatial modeling of prostate cancer metabolic gene expression reveals extensive heterogeneity and selective vulnerabilities. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3490. [PMID: 32103057 PMCID: PMC7044328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60384-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial heterogeneity is a fundamental feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and tackling spatial heterogeneity in neoplastic metabolic aberrations is critical for tumor treatment. Genome-scale metabolic network models have been used successfully to simulate cancer metabolic networks. However, most models use bulk gene expression data of entire tumor biopsies, ignoring spatial heterogeneity in the TME. To account for spatial heterogeneity, we performed spatially-resolved metabolic network modeling of the prostate cancer microenvironment. We discovered novel malignant-cell-specific metabolic vulnerabilities targetable by small molecule compounds. We predicted that inhibiting the fatty acid desaturase SCD1 may selectively kill cancer cells based on our discovery of spatial separation of fatty acid synthesis and desaturation. We also uncovered higher prostaglandin metabolic gene expression in the tumor, relative to the surrounding tissue. Therefore, we predicted that inhibiting the prostaglandin transporter SLCO2A1 may selectively kill cancer cells. Importantly, SCD1 and SLCO2A1 have been previously shown to be potently and selectively inhibited by compounds such as CAY10566 and suramin, respectively. We also uncovered cancer-selective metabolic liabilities in central carbon, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. Our novel cancer-specific predictions provide new opportunities to develop selective drug targets for prostate cancer and other cancers where spatial transcriptomics datasets are available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Shuyi Ma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Walter L Ruzzo
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
The mercapturic acid pathway is a major route for the biotransformation of xenobiotic and endobiotic electrophilic compounds and their metabolites. Mercapturic acids (N-acetyl-l-cysteine S-conjugates) are formed by the sequential action of the glutathione transferases, γ-glutamyltransferases, dipeptidases, and cysteine S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase to yield glutathione S-conjugates, l-cysteinylglycine S-conjugates, l-cysteine S-conjugates, and mercapturic acids; these metabolites constitute a "mercapturomic" profile. Aminoacylases catalyze the hydrolysis of mercapturic acids to form cysteine S-conjugates. Several renal transport systems facilitate the urinary elimination of mercapturic acids; urinary mercapturic acids may serve as biomarkers for exposure to chemicals. Although mercapturic acid formation and elimination is a detoxication reaction, l-cysteine S-conjugates may undergo bioactivation by cysteine S-conjugate β-lyase. Moreover, some l-cysteine S-conjugates, particularly l-cysteinyl-leukotrienes, exert significant pathophysiological effects. Finally, some enzymes of the mercapturic acid pathway are described as the so-called "moonlighting proteins," catalytic proteins that exert multiple biochemical or biophysical functions apart from catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Hanna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - M W Anders
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ribeiro-Oliveira R, Vojtek M, Gonçalves-Monteiro S, Vieira-Rocha MS, Sousa JB, Gonçalves J, Diniz C. Nuclear G-protein-coupled receptors as putative novel pharmacological targets. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2192-2201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
44
|
Quagliariello V, Passariello M, Coppola C, Rea D, Barbieri A, Scherillo M, Monti MG, Iaffaioli RV, De Laurentiis M, Ascierto PA, Botti G, De Lorenzo C, Maurea N. Cardiotoxicity and pro-inflammatory effects of the immune checkpoint inhibitor Pembrolizumab associated to Trastuzumab. Int J Cardiol 2019; 292:171-179. [PMID: 31160077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunotherapy has revolutionized the world of oncology in the last decades with considerable advantages in terms of overall survival in cancer patients. The association of Pembrolizumab and Trastuzumab was recently proposed in clinical trials for the treatment of Trastuzumab-resistant advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. Although immunotherapies are frequently associated with a wide spectrum of immune-related adverse events, the cardiac toxicity has not been properly studied. PURPOSE We studied, for the first time, the putative cardiotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of Pembrolizumab associated to Trastuzumab. METHODS Cell viability, intracellular calcium quantification and pro-inflammatory studies (analyses of the production of Interleukin 1β, 6 and 8, the expression of NF-kB and Leukotriene B4) were performed in human fetal cardiomyocytes. Preclinical studies were also performed in C57BL6 mice by analyzing fibrosis and inflammation in heart tissues. RESULTS The combination of Pembrolizumab and Trastuzumab leads to an increase of the intracellular calcium overload (of 3 times compared to untreated cells) and to a reduction of the cardiomyocytes viability (of 65 and 20-25%, compared to untreated and Pembrolizumab or Trastuzumab treated cells, respectively) indicating cardiotoxic effects. Notably, combination therapy increases the inflammation of cardiomyocytes by enhancing the expression of NF-kB and Interleukins. Moreover, in preclinical models, the association of Pembrolizumab and Trastuzumab increases the Interleukins expression of 40-50% compared to the single treatments; the expression of NF-kB and Leukotriene B4 was also increased. CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab associated to Trastuzumab leads to strong cardiac pro-inflammatory effects mediated by overexpression of NF-kB and Leukotriene B4 related pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Quagliariello
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - M Passariello
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a.R.L., Naples, Italy
| | - C Coppola
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - D Rea
- Animal Facility, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Barbieri
- Animal Facility, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - M Scherillo
- Azienda ospedaliera San Pio, Cardiologia Interventistica ed UTIC, Azienda Ospedaliera "G.Rummo" di Benevento, Napoli, Italy
| | - M G Monti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R V Iaffaioli
- Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology and Mediterranean Diet, Piazza Nicola Amore, Naples, Italy
| | - M De Laurentiis
- Breast Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - P A Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - G Botti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - C De Lorenzo
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a.R.L., Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
| | - N Maurea
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
The mercapturomic profile of health and non-communicable diseases. High Throughput 2019; 8:ht8020010. [PMID: 31018482 PMCID: PMC6630208 DOI: 10.3390/ht8020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mercapturate pathway is a unique metabolic circuitry that detoxifies electrophiles upon adducts formation with glutathione. Since its discovery over a century ago, most of the knowledge on the mercapturate pathway has been provided from biomonitoring studies on environmental exposure to toxicants. However, the mercapturate pathway-related metabolites that is formed in humans—the mercapturomic profile—in health and disease is yet to be established. In this paper, we put forward the hypothesis that these metabolites are key pathophysiologic factors behind the onset and development of non-communicable chronic inflammatory diseases. This review goes from the evidence in the formation of endogenous metabolites undergoing the mercapturate pathway to the methodologies for their assessment and their association with cancer and respiratory, neurologic and cardiometabolic diseases.
Collapse
|
46
|
Wegner M, Diehl V, Bittl V, de Bruyn R, Wiechmann S, Matthess Y, Hebel M, Hayes MGB, Schaubeck S, Benner C, Heinz S, Bremm A, Dikic I, Ernst A, Kaulich M. Circular synthesized CRISPR/Cas gRNAs for functional interrogations in the coding and noncoding genome. eLife 2019; 8:e42549. [PMID: 30838976 PMCID: PMC6424562 DOI: 10.7554/elife.42549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current technologies used to generate CRISPR/Cas gene perturbation reagents are labor intense and require multiple ligation and cloning steps. Furthermore, increasing gRNA sequence diversity negatively affects gRNA distribution, leading to libraries of heterogeneous quality. Here, we present a rapid and cloning-free mutagenesis technology that can efficiently generate covalently-closed-circular-synthesized (3Cs) CRISPR/Cas gRNA reagents and that uncouples sequence diversity from sequence distribution. We demonstrate the fidelity and performance of 3Cs reagents by tailored targeting of all human deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) and identify their essentiality for cell fitness. To explore high-content screening, we aimed to generate the largest up-to-date gRNA library that can be used to interrogate the coding and noncoding human genome and simultaneously to identify genes, predicted promoter flanking regions, transcription factors and CTCF binding sites that are linked to doxorubicin resistance. Our 3Cs technology enables fast and robust generation of bias-free gene perturbation libraries with yet unmatched diversities and should be considered an alternative to established technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wegner
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
| | - Valentina Diehl
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
| | - Verena Bittl
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Rahel de Bruyn
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
| | - Svenja Wiechmann
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
- Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMPFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IMEFrankfurtGermany
| | - Yves Matthess
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
| | - Marie Hebel
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
| | - Michael GB Hayes
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Simone Schaubeck
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
| | - Christopher Benner
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Sven Heinz
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Anja Bremm
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
- Frankfurt Cancer InstituteFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Cardio-Pulmonary InstituteFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Andreas Ernst
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
- Project Group Translational Medicine & Pharmacology TMPFraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IMEFrankfurtGermany
| | - Manuel Kaulich
- Institute of Biochemistry IIGoethe University Frankfurt - Medical Faculty, University HospitalFrankfurtGermany
- Frankfurt Cancer InstituteFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Cardio-Pulmonary InstituteFrankfurt am MainGermany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Park H, Park SB. Label-free target identification reveals oxidative DNA damage as the mechanism of a selective cytotoxic agent. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3449-3458. [PMID: 30996934 PMCID: PMC6438152 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05465g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic screening can not only identify promising first-in-class drug candidates, but can also reveal potential therapeutic targets or neomorphic functions of known proteins. In this study, we identified target proteins of SB2001, a cytotoxic agent that acts specifically against HeLa human cervical cancer cells. Because SB2001 lacks chemical modification sites, label-free target identification methods including thermal stability shift-based fluorescence difference in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (TS-FITGE) and thermal proteome profiling (TPP) were applied to characterize its mechanism of action. Owing to their differences, the two label-free target identification methods uncovered complementary target candidates. Candidates from both methods were prioritized according to their selective lethality upon the knockdown of those genes in HeLa cells, compared to CaSki cells which were used as a negative control cell line from the human cervix. LTA4H was identified only by TS-FITGE, but not by TPP, because only one isoform was stabilized by SB2001. Furthermore, it was implied that a non-canonical function of LTA4H was involved in the SB2001 activity. MTH1 was identified by both TS-FITGE and TPP, and SB2001 inhibited the function of MTH1 in hydrolyzing oxidized nucleotides. Compared to CaSki cells, HeLa cells displayed downregulated DNA mismatch repair pathways, which made HeLa cells more susceptible to the oxidative stress caused by SB2001, resulting in increased 8-oxoG concentrations, DNA damage, and subsequent cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hankum Park
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics , Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
| | - Seung Bum Park
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics , Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea.,Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea .
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lopes-Paciencia S, Saint-Germain E, Rowell MC, Ruiz AF, Kalegari P, Ferbeyre G. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its regulation. Cytokine 2019; 117:15-22. [PMID: 30776684 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) defines the ability of senescent cells to express and secrete a variety of extracellular modulators that includes cytokines, chemokines, proteases, growth factors and bioactive lipids. The role of the SASP depends on the context. The SASP reinforces the senescent cell cycle arrest, stimulates the immune-mediated clearance of potentially tumorigenic cells, limits fibrosis and promotes wound healing and tissue regeneration. On the other hand, the SASP can mediate chronic inflammation and stimulate the growth and survival of tumor cells. The regulation of the SASP occurs at multiple levels including chromatin remodelling, activation of specific transcription factors such as C/EBP and NF-κB, control of mRNA translation and intracellular trafficking. Several SASP modulators have already been identified setting the stage for future research on their clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Lopes-Paciencia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Saint-Germain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Marie-Camille Rowell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Ana Fernández Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Paloma Kalegari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis - Room R10.432, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kanaoka Y, Austen KF. Roles of cysteinyl leukotrienes and their receptors in immune cell-related functions. Adv Immunol 2019; 142:65-84. [PMID: 31296303 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs), leukotriene C4, (LTC4), LTD4, and LTE4, are lipid mediators of inflammation. LTC4 is the only intracellularly synthesized cys-LT through the 5-lipoxygenase and LTC4 synthase pathway and after transport is metabolized to LTD4 and LTE4 by specific extracellular peptidases. Each cys-LT has a preferred functional receptor in vivo; LTD4 to the type 1 cys-LT receptor (CysLT1R), LTC4 to CysLT2R, and LTE4 to CysLT3R (OXGR1 or GPR99). Recent studies in mouse models revealed that there are multiple regulatory mechanisms for these receptor functions and each receptor plays a distinct role as observed in different mouse models of inflammation and immune responses. This review focuses on the integrated host responses to the cys-LT/CysLTR pathway composed of sequential ligands with preferred receptors as seen from mouse models. It also discusses potential therapeutic targets for LTC4 synthase, CysLT2R, and CysLT3R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Kanaoka
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - K Frank Austen
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dong J, Li Y, Xiao H, Luo D, Zhang S, Zhu C, Jiang M, Cui M, Lu L, Fan S. Cordycepin sensitizes breast cancer cells toward irradiation through elevating ROS production involving Nrf2. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 364:12-21. [PMID: 30529626 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy toward malignancies is often ineffective owing to radioresistance of cancer cells. On the basis of anti-tumor properties of cordycepin, we examined the effects of cordycepin on sensitizing breast cancer cells toward radiotherapy. Cordycepin administration promoted G2/M arrest and apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells resulting in restraining the proliferation of the cells in vitro and in vivo following irradiation. Mechanistic investigations showed that the breast cancer cells cultured with cordycepin harbored higher levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and incremental numbers of γ-H2AX foci after irradiation exposure. Importantly, cordycepin treatment down-regulated the expression levels of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and a series of downstream genes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), to enhance ROS in breast cancer cells exposed to irradiation. Together, our observations demonstrate that cordycepin treatment sensitizes breast carcinoma cells toward irradiation via Nrf2/HO-1/ROS axis. Thus, our findings provide novel insights into the function and the underlying mechanism of cordycepin in radiotherapy, and suggest that cordycepin might be employed as a radiosensitizer during radiotherapy toward breast cancer in a pre-clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiwen Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Changchun Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mian Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|