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Wang Z, Han K, Liu W, Wang Z, Shi C, Liu X, Huang M, Sun G, Liu S, Guo Q. Fast Real-Time Brain Tumor Detection Based on Stimulated Raman Histology and Self-Supervised Deep Learning Model. JOURNAL OF IMAGING INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE 2024; 37:1160-1176. [PMID: 38326533 PMCID: PMC11169153 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-024-01001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
In intraoperative brain cancer procedures, real-time diagnosis is essential for ensuring safe and effective care. The prevailing workflow, which relies on histological staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for tissue processing, is resource-intensive, time-consuming, and requires considerable labor. Recently, an innovative approach combining stimulated Raman histology (SRH) and deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) has emerged, creating a new avenue for real-time cancer diagnosis during surgery. While this approach exhibits potential, there exists an opportunity for refinement in the domain of feature extraction. In this study, we employ coherent Raman scattering imaging method and a self-supervised deep learning model (VQVAE2) to enhance the speed of SRH image acquisition and feature representation, thereby enhancing the capability of automated real-time bedside diagnosis. Specifically, we propose the VQSRS network, which integrates vector quantization with a proxy task based on patch annotation for analysis of brain tumor subtypes. Training on images collected from the SRS microscopy system, our VQSRS demonstrates a significant speed enhancement over traditional techniques (e.g., 20-30 min). Comparative studies in dimensionality reduction clustering confirm the diagnostic capacity of VQSRS rivals that of CNN. By learning a hierarchical structure of recognizable histological features, VQSRS classifies major tissue pathological categories in brain tumors. Additionally, an external semantic segmentation method is applied for identifying tumor-infiltrated regions in SRH images. Collectively, these findings indicate that this automated real-time prediction technique holds the potential to streamline intraoperative cancer diagnosis, providing assistance to pathologists in simplifying the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wang
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Kaitai Han
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Chaojing Shi
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Mengyuan Huang
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Guocheng Sun
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Shitou Liu
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China
| | - Qianjin Guo
- Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China.
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2
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Ma L, Luo K, Liu Z, Ji M. Stain-Free Histopathology with Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7907-7925. [PMID: 38713830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Minbiao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Chadha RS, Guerrero JA, Wei L, Sanchez LM. Seeing is Believing: Developing Multimodal Metabolic Insights at the Molecular Level. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:758-774. [PMID: 38680555 PMCID: PMC11046475 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
This outlook explores how two different molecular imaging approaches might be combined to gain insight into dynamic, subcellular metabolic processes. Specifically, we discuss how matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, which have significantly pushed the boundaries of imaging metabolic and metabolomic analyses in their own right, could be combined to create comprehensive molecular images. We first briefly summarize the recent advances for each technique. We then explore how one might overcome the inherent limitations of each individual method, by envisioning orthogonal and interchangeable workflows. Additionally, we delve into the potential benefits of adopting a complementary approach that combines both MSI and SRS spectro-microscopy for informing on specific chemical structures through functional-group-specific targets. Ultimately, by integrating the strengths of both imaging modalities, researchers can achieve a more comprehensive understanding of biological and chemical systems, enabling precise metabolic investigations. This synergistic approach holds substantial promise to expand our toolkit for studying metabolites in complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahuljeet S Chadha
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 United States
| | - Jason A Guerrero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064 United States
| | - Lu Wei
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 United States
| | - Laura M Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064 United States
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4
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Galli R, Uckermann O. Vibrational spectroscopy and multiphoton microscopy for label-free visualization of nervous system degeneration and regeneration. Biophys Rev 2024; 16:219-235. [PMID: 38737209 PMCID: PMC11078905 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders, including spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases, pose significant challenges in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and understanding the underlying pathophysiological processes. Label-free multiphoton microscopy techniques, such as coherent Raman scattering, two-photon excited autofluorescence, and second and third harmonic generation microscopy, have emerged as powerful tools for visualizing nervous tissue with high resolution and without the need for exogenous labels. Coherent Raman scattering processes as well as third harmonic generation enable label-free visualization of myelin sheaths, while their combination with two-photon excited autofluorescence and second harmonic generation allows for a more comprehensive tissue visualization. They have shown promise in assessing the efficacy of therapeutic interventions and may have future applications in clinical diagnostics. In addition to multiphoton microscopy, vibrational spectroscopy methods such as infrared and Raman spectroscopy offer insights into the molecular signatures of injured nervous tissues and hold potential as diagnostic markers. This review summarizes the application of these label-free optical techniques in preclinical models and illustrates their potential in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders with a special focus on injury, degeneration, and regeneration. Furthermore, it addresses current advancements and challenges for bridging the gap between research findings and their practical applications in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Galli
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ortrud Uckermann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Medical Biology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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5
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Bhattacharya MRC. A nerve-wracking buzz: lessons from Drosophila models of peripheral neuropathy and axon degeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1166146. [PMID: 37614471 PMCID: PMC10442544 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1166146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The degeneration of axons and their terminals occurs following traumatic, toxic, or genetically-induced insults. Common molecular mechanisms unite these disparate triggers to execute a conserved nerve degeneration cascade. In this review, we will discuss how models of peripheral nerve injury and neuropathy in Drosophila have led the way in advancing molecular understanding of axon degeneration and nerve injury pathways. Both neuron-intrinsic as well as glial responses to injury will be highlighted. Finally, we will offer perspective on what additional questions should be answered to advance these discoveries toward clinical interventions for patients with neuropathy.
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6
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Cutshaw G, Uthaman S, Hassan N, Kothadiya S, Wen X, Bardhan R. The Emerging Role of Raman Spectroscopy as an Omics Approach for Metabolic Profiling and Biomarker Detection toward Precision Medicine. Chem Rev 2023; 123:8297-8346. [PMID: 37318957 PMCID: PMC10626597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Omics technologies have rapidly evolved with the unprecedented potential to shape precision medicine. Novel omics approaches are imperative toallow rapid and accurate data collection and integration with clinical information and enable a new era of healthcare. In this comprehensive review, we highlight the utility of Raman spectroscopy (RS) as an emerging omics technology for clinically relevant applications using clinically significant samples and models. We discuss the use of RS both as a label-free approach for probing the intrinsic metabolites of biological materials, and as a labeled approach where signal from Raman reporters conjugated to nanoparticles (NPs) serve as an indirect measure for tracking protein biomarkers in vivo and for high throughout proteomics. We summarize the use of machine learning algorithms for processing RS data to allow accurate detection and evaluation of treatment response specifically focusing on cancer, cardiac, gastrointestinal, and neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlight the integration of RS with established omics approaches for holistic diagnostic information. Further, we elaborate on metal-free NPs that leverage the biological Raman-silent region overcoming the challenges of traditional metal NPs. We conclude the review with an outlook on future directions that will ultimately allow the adaptation of RS as a clinical approach and revolutionize precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cutshaw
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Nora Hassan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Siddhant Kothadiya
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Xiaona Wen
- Biologics Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Rizia Bardhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
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7
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Jia H, Yue S. Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging Sheds New Light on Lipid Droplet Biology. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2381-2394. [PMID: 36897936 PMCID: PMC10042165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
A lipid droplet (LD) is a dynamic organelle closely associated with cellular functions and energy homeostasis. Dysregulated LD biology underlies an increasing number of human diseases, including metabolic disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorder. Commonly used lipid staining and analytical tools have difficulty providing the information regarding LD distribution and composition at the same time. To address this problem, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy uses the intrinsic chemical contrast of biomolecules to achieve both direct visualization of LD dynamics and quantitative analysis of LD composition with high molecular selectivity at the subcellular level. Recent developments of Raman tags have further enhanced sensitivity and specificity of SRS imaging without perturbing molecular activity. With these advantages, SRS microscopy has offered great promise for deciphering LD metabolism in single live cells. This article overviews and discusses the latest applications of SRS microscopy as an emerging platform to dissect LD biology in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and
Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Institute
of Medical Photonics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical
Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuhua Yue
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and
Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Institute
of Medical Photonics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical
Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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8
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Suzuki N, Nishiyama A, Warita H, Aoki M. Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: seeking therapeutic targets in the era of gene therapy. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:131-152. [PMID: 35691950 PMCID: PMC9968660 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an intractable disease that causes respiratory failure leading to mortality. The main locus of ALS is motor neurons. The success of antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a motor neuron disease, has triggered a paradigm shift in developing ALS therapies. The causative genes of ALS and disease-modifying genes, including those of sporadic ALS, have been identified one after another. Thus, the freedom of target choice for gene therapy has expanded by ASO strategy, leading to new avenues for therapeutic development. Tofersen for superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) was a pioneer in developing ASO for ALS. Improving protocols and devising early interventions for the disease are vital. In this review, we updated the knowledge of causative genes in ALS. We summarized the genetic mutations identified in familial ALS and their clinical features, focusing on SOD1, fused in sarcoma (FUS), and transacting response DNA-binding protein. The frequency of the C9ORF72 mutation is low in Japan, unlike in Europe and the United States, while SOD1 and FUS are more common, indicating that the target mutations for gene therapy vary by ethnicity. A genome-wide association study has revealed disease-modifying genes, which could be the novel target of gene therapy. The current status and prospects of gene therapy development were discussed, including ethical issues. Furthermore, we discussed the potential of axonal pathology as new therapeutic targets of ALS from the perspective of early intervention, including intra-axonal transcription factors, neuromuscular junction disconnection, dysregulated local translation, abnormal protein degradation, mitochondrial pathology, impaired axonal transport, aberrant cytoskeleton, and axon branching. We simultaneously discuss important pathological states of cell bodies: persistent stress granules, disrupted nucleocytoplasmic transport, and cryptic splicing. The development of gene therapy based on the elucidation of disease-modifying genes and early intervention in molecular pathology is expected to become an important therapeutic strategy in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
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9
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Yang Y, Liu Z, Huang J, Sun X, Ao J, Zheng B, Chen W, Shao Z, Hu H, Yang Y, Ji M. Histological diagnosis of unprocessed breast core-needle biopsy via stimulated Raman scattering microscopy and multi-instance learning. Theranostics 2023; 13:1342-1354. [PMID: 36923541 PMCID: PMC10008736 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Core-needle biopsy (CNB) plays a vital role in the initial diagnosis of breast cancer. However, the complex tissue processing and global shortage of pathologists have hindered traditional histopathology from timely diagnosis on fresh biopsies. In this work, we developed a full digital platform by integrating label-free stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy with weakly-supervised learning for rapid and automated cancer diagnosis on un-labelled breast CNB. Methods: We first compared the results of SRS imaging with standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining on adjacent frozen tissue sections. Then fresh unprocessed biopsy tissues were imaged by SRS to reveal diagnostic histoarchitectures. Next, weakly-supervised learning, i.e., the multi-instance learning (MIL) model was conducted to evaluate the ability to differentiate between benign and malignant cases, and compared with the performance of supervised learning model. Finally, gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) and semantic segmentation were performed to spatially resolve benign/malignant areas with high efficiency. Results: We verified the ability of SRS in revealing essential histological hallmarks of breast cancer in both thin frozen sections and fresh unprocessed biopsy, generating histoarchitectures well correlated with H&E staining. Moreover, we demonstrated that weakly-supervised MIL model could achieve superior classification performance to supervised learnings, reaching diagnostic accuracy of 95% on 61 biopsy specimens. Furthermore, Grad-CAM allowed the trained MIL model to visualize the histological heterogeneity within the CNB. Conclusion: Our results indicate that MIL-assisted SRS microscopy provides rapid and accurate diagnosis on histologically heterogeneous breast CNB, and could potentially help the subsequent management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Yiwu Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Yiwu Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Yiwu Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangjie Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianpeng Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Yiwu Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanyuan Chen
- Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yinlong Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minbiao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Human Phenome Institute, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Yiwu Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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10
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Fan DS, Zhang YX, Ma JY, Liu XY, Zhang S, Yu Z. Promising application of a new ulnar nerve compound muscle action potential measurement montage in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a prospective cross-sectional study. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:908-912. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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11
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Mitrea DM, Mittasch M, Gomes BF, Klein IA, Murcko MA. Modulating biomolecular condensates: a novel approach to drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:841-862. [PMID: 35974095 PMCID: PMC9380678 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, membraneless assemblies known as biomolecular condensates have been reported to play key roles in many cellular functions by compartmentalizing specific proteins and nucleic acids in subcellular environments with distinct properties. Furthermore, growing evidence supports the view that biomolecular condensates often form by phase separation, in which a single-phase system demixes into a two-phase system consisting of a condensed phase and a dilute phase of particular biomolecules. Emerging understanding of condensate function in normal and aberrant cellular states, and of the mechanisms of condensate formation, is providing new insights into human disease and revealing novel therapeutic opportunities. In this Perspective, we propose that such insights could enable a previously unexplored drug discovery approach based on identifying condensate-modifying therapeutics (c-mods), and we discuss the strategies, techniques and challenges involved.
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12
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Liao P, Yuan Y, Liu Z, Hou X, Li W, Wen J, Zhang K, Jiao B, Shen L, Jiang H, Guo J, Tang B, Zhang Z, Hu Z, Wang J. Association of variants in the KIF1A gene with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:46. [PMID: 36284339 PMCID: PMC9597953 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects neurons in the central nervous system and the spinal cord. As in many other neurodegenerative disorders, the genetic risk factors and pathogenesis of ALS involve dysregulation of cytoskeleton and neuronal transport. Notably, sensory and motor neuron diseases such as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2 (HSAN2) and spastic paraplegia 30 (SPG30) share several causative genes with ALS, as well as having common clinical phenotypes. KIF1A encodes a kinesin 3 motor that transports presynaptic vesicle precursors (SVPs) and dense core vesicles and has been reported as a causative gene for HSAN2 and SPG30. METHODS Here, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from 941 patients with ALS to investigate the genetic association of KIF1A with ALS. RESULTS We identified rare damage variants (RDVs) in the KIF1A gene associated with ALS and delineated the clinical characteristics of ALS patients with KIF1A RDVs. Clinically, these patients tended to exhibit sensory disturbance. Interestingly, the majority of these variants are located at the C-terminal cargo-binding region of the KIF1A protein. Functional examination revealed that the ALS-associated KIF1A variants located in the C-terminal region preferentially enhanced the binding of SVPs containing RAB3A, VAMP2, and synaptophysin. Expression of several disease-related KIF1A mutants in cultured mouse cortical neurons led to enhanced colocalization of RAB3A or VAMP2 with the KIF1A motor. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted the importance of KIF1A motor-mediated transport in the pathogenesis of ALS, indicating KIF1A as an important player in the oligogenic scenario of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panlin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yanchun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaorong Hou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wanzhen Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Kexuan Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhonghua Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, 410008, China.
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13
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Instant diagnosis of gastroscopic biopsy via deep-learned single-shot femtosecond stimulated Raman histology. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4050. [PMID: 35831299 PMCID: PMC9279377 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroscopic biopsy provides the only effective method for gastric cancer diagnosis, but the gold standard histopathology is time-consuming and incompatible with gastroscopy. Conventional stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has shown promise in label-free diagnosis on human tissues, yet it requires the tuning of picosecond lasers to achieve chemical specificity at the cost of time and complexity. Here, we demonstrate that single-shot femtosecond SRS (femto-SRS) reaches the maximum speed and sensitivity with preserved chemical resolution by integrating with U-Net. Fresh gastroscopic biopsy is imaged in <60 s, revealing essential histoarchitectural hallmarks perfectly agreed with standard histopathology. Moreover, a diagnostic neural network (CNN) is constructed based on images from 279 patients that predicts gastric cancer with accuracy >96%. We further demonstrate semantic segmentation of intratumor heterogeneity and evaluation of resection margins of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) tissues to simulate rapid and automated intraoperative diagnosis. Our method holds potential for synchronizing gastroscopy and histopathological diagnosis. Diagnosis of gastric cancer currently requires gastroscopic biopsy, which requires time and expertize to perform. Here, the authors demonstrate a femto-SRS imaging method which showed high accuracy in diagnosing gastric cancer without the need for pathologistbased diagnosis.
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14
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Dimov AV, Gillen KM, Nguyen TD, Kang J, Sharma R, Pitt D, Gauthier SA, Wang Y. Magnetic Susceptibility Source Separation Solely from Gradient Echo Data: Histological Validation. Tomography 2022; 8:1544-1551. [PMID: 35736875 PMCID: PMC9228115 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) facilitates mapping of the bulk magnetic susceptibility of tissue from the phase of complex gradient echo (GRE) MRI data. QSM phase processing combined with an R2* model of magnitude of multiecho gradient echo data (R2*QSM) allows separation of dia- and para-magnetic components (e.g., myelin and iron) that contribute constructively to R2* value but destructively to the QSM value of a voxel. This R2*QSM technique is validated against quantitative histology—optical density of myelin basic protein and Perls’ iron histological stains of rim and core of 10 ex vivo multiple sclerosis lesions, as well as neighboring normal appearing white matter. We found that R2*QSM source maps are in good qualitative agreement with histology, e.g., showing increased iron concentration at the edge of the rim+ lesions and myelin loss in the lesions’ core. Furthermore, our results indicate statistically significant correlation between paramagnetic and diamagnetic tissue components estimated with R2*QSM and optical densities of Perls’ and MPB stains. These findings provide direct support for the use of R2*QSM magnetic source separation based solely on GRE complex data to characterize MS lesion composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Dimov
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.V.D.); (K.M.G.); (T.D.N.); (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Kelly M. Gillen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.V.D.); (K.M.G.); (T.D.N.); (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Thanh D. Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.V.D.); (K.M.G.); (T.D.N.); (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Jerry Kang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.V.D.); (K.M.G.); (T.D.N.); (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Ria Sharma
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.V.D.); (K.M.G.); (T.D.N.); (J.K.); (R.S.)
| | - David Pitt
- Department of Neurology, Yale Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;
| | - Susan A. Gauthier
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10022, USA;
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.V.D.); (K.M.G.); (T.D.N.); (J.K.); (R.S.)
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Manifold B, Fu D. Quantitative Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy: Promises and Pitfalls. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2022; 15:269-289. [PMID: 35300525 PMCID: PMC10083020 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-015110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since its first demonstration, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has become a powerful chemical imaging tool that shows promise in numerous biological and biomedical applications. The spectroscopic capability of SRS enables identification and tracking of specific molecules or classes of molecules, often without labeling. SRS microscopy also has the hallmark advantage of signal strength that is directly proportional to molecular concentration, allowing for in situ quantitative analysis of chemical composition of heterogeneous samples with submicron spatial resolution and subminute temporal resolution. However, it is important to recognize that quantification through SRS microscopy requires assumptions regarding both system and sample. Such assumptions are often taken axiomatically, which may lead to erroneous conclusions without proper validation. In this review, we focus on the tacitly accepted, yet complex, quantitative aspect of SRS microscopy. We discuss the various approaches to quantitative analysis, examples of such approaches, challenges in different systems, and potential solutions. Through our examination of published literature, we conclude that a scrupulous approach to experimental design can further expand the powerful and incisive quantitative capabilities of SRS microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Manifold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA;
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA;
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16
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Dimov AV, Nguyen TD, Gillen KM, Marcille M, Spincemaille P, Pitt D, Gauthier SA, Wang Y. Susceptibility source separation from gradient echo data using magnitude decay modeling. J Neuroimaging 2022; 32:852-859. [PMID: 35668022 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The objective is to demonstrate feasibility of separating magnetic sources in quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) by incorporating magnitude decay rates R 2 ∗ $R_2^{\rm{*}}$ in gradient echo (GRE) MRI. METHODS Magnetic susceptibility source separation was developed using R 2 ∗ $R_2^{\rm{*}}$ and compared with a prior method using R 2 ' = R 2 ∗ - R 2 ${R^{\prime}_2} = R_2^* - {R_2}$ that required an additional sequence to measure the transverse relaxation rate R2 . Both susceptibility separation methods were compared in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (n = 17). Susceptibility values of negative sources estimated with R 2 ∗ $R_2^{\rm{*}}$ -based source separation in a set of enhancing MS lesions (n = 44) were correlated against longitudinal myelin water fraction (MWF) changes. RESULTS In in vivo data, linear regression of the estimated χ + ${\chi}^{+}$ and χ - ${\chi}^{-}$ susceptibility values between the R 2 ∗ $R_2^*$ - and the R 2 ' ${R^{\prime}_2}$ -based separation methods performed across 182 segmented lesions revealed correlation coefficient r = .96 and slope close .99. Correlation analysis in enhancing lesions revealed a significant positive association between the χ - ${\chi}^{-}$ increase at 1-year post-onset relative to 0 year and the MWF increase at 1 year relative to 0 year (β = -0.144, 95% confidence interval: [-0.199, -0.1], p = .0008) and good agreement between R 2 ' ${R^{\prime}_2}$ and R 2 ∗ $R_2^*$ methods (r = .79, slope = .95). CONCLUSIONS Separation of magnetic sources based solely on GRE complex data is feasible by combining magnitude decay rate modeling and phase-based QSM and χ - ${\chi}^{-}$ change may serve as a biomarker for myelin recovery or damage in acute MS lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Dimov
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kelly M Gillen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Melanie Marcille
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - David Pitt
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Susan A Gauthier
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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17
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Raman spectroscopy and sciatic functional index (SFI) after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2957-2971. [PMID: 35503388 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Axonotmesis causes sensorimotor and neurofunctional deficits, and its regeneration can occur slowly or not occur if not treated appropriately. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) promotes nerve regeneration with the proliferation of myelinating Schwann cells to recover the myelin sheath and the production of glycoproteins for endoneurium reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LLLT on sciatic nerve regeneration after compression injury by means of the sciatic functional index (SFI) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). For this, 64 Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to the length of treatment: 14 days (n = 32) and 21 days (n = 32). These two groups were subdivided into four sub-groups of eight animals each (control 1; control 2; laser 660 nm; laser 808 nm). All animals had surgical exposure to the sciatic nerve, and only control 1 did not suffer nerve damage. To cause the lesion in the sciatic nerve, compression was applied with a Kelly clamp for 6 s. The evaluation of sensory deficit was performed by the painful exteroceptive sensitivity (PES) and neuromotor tests by the SFI. Laser 660 nm and laser 808 nm sub-groups were irradiated daily (100 mW, 40 s, energy density of 133 J/cm2). The sciatic nerve segment was removed for RS analysis. The animals showed accentuated sensory and neurofunctional deficit after injury and their rehabilitation occurred more effectively in the sub-groups treated with 660 nm laser. Control 2 sub-group did not obtain functional recovery of gait. The RS identified sphingolipids (718, 1065, and 1440 cm-1) and collagen (700, 852, 1004, 1270, and 1660 cm-1) as biomolecular characteristics of sciatic nerves. Principal component analysis revealed important differences among sub-groups and a directly proportional correlation with SFI, mainly in the sub-group laser 660 nm treated for 21 days. In the axonotmesis-type lesion model presented herein, the 660 nm laser was more efficient in neurofunctional recovery, and the Raman spectra of lipid and protein properties were attributed to the basic biochemical composition of the sciatic nerve.
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18
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Hernández IC, Mohan S, Jowett N. Automated Stain-Free Histomorphometry of Peripheral Nerve by Contrast-Enhancing Techniques and Artificial Intelligence. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 375:109598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Francis AT, Manifold B, Carlson EC, Hu R, Hill AH, Men S, Fu D. In vivo simultaneous nonlinear absorption Raman and fluorescence (SNARF) imaging of mouse brain cortical structures. Commun Biol 2022; 5:222. [PMID: 35273325 PMCID: PMC8913696 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Label-free multiphoton microscopy is a powerful platform for biomedical imaging. Recent advancements have demonstrated the capabilities of transient absorption microscopy (TAM) for label-free quantification of hemoglobin and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy for pathological assessment of label-free virtual histochemical staining. We propose the combination of TAM and SRS with two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) to characterize, quantify, and compare hemodynamics, vessel structure, cell density, and cell identity in vivo between age groups. In this study, we construct a simultaneous nonlinear absorption, Raman, and fluorescence (SNARF) microscope with the highest reported in vivo imaging depth for SRS and TAM at 250–280 μm to enable these multimodal measurements. Using machine learning, we predict capillary-lining cell identities with 90% accuracy based on nuclear morphology and capillary relationship. The microscope and methodology outlined herein provides an exciting route to study several research topics, including neurovascular coupling, blood-brain barrier, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study a microscope is constructed that carries out simultaneous nonlinear absorption, Raman, and fluorescence (SNARF). Machine learning is then used to predict capillary-lining cell identities with 90% accuracy based on nuclear morphology and capillary relationship, which in combination with the developed microscope, can provide a means to study several fields such as neurovascular coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Bryce Manifold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Elena C Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ruoqian Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Andrew H Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Shuaiqian Men
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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20
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Xie HM, Su X, Zhang FY, Dai CL, Wu RH, Li Y, Han XX, Feng XM, Yu B, Zhu SX, Zhou SL. Profile of the RNA in exosomes from astrocytes and microglia using deep sequencing: implications for neurodegeneration mechanisms. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:608-617. [PMID: 34380901 PMCID: PMC8504369 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.320999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial cells play an important role in signal transduction, energy metabolism, extracellular ion homeostasis and neuroprotection of the central nervous system. However, few studies have explained the potential effects of exosomes from glial cells on central nervous system health and disease. In this study, the genes expressed in exosomes from astrocytes and microglia were identified by deep RNA sequencing. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated that several pathways in these exosomes are responsible for promoting neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease. Gene ontology analysis showed that extracellular exosome, mitochondrion and growth factor activity were enriched in exosomes from the unique astrocyte group, while extracellular exosome and mitochondrion were enriched in exosomes from the unique microglia group. Next, combined with the screening of hub genes, the protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that exosomes from astrocytes influence neurodegenerative diseases through metabolic balance and ubiquitin-dependent protein balance, whereas exosomes from microglia influence neurodegenerative diseases through immune inflammation and oxidative stress. Although there were differences in RNA expression between exosomes from astrocytes and microglia, the groups were related by the hub genes, ubiquitin B and heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8. Ubiquitin B appeared to be involved in pleiotropic regulatory functions, including immune regulation, inflammation inhibition, protein catabolism, intracellular protein transport, exosomes and oxidative stress. The results revealed the clinical significance of exosomes from glia in neurodegenerative diseases. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Nantong University, China (approval No. S20180102-152) on January 2, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Xie
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University; Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng-Yuan Zhang
- Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao-Lun Dai
- Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rong-Hua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Mei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shun-Xing Zhu
- Laboratory Animals Center, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Song-Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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21
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Cialla-May D, Krafft C, Rösch P, Deckert-Gaudig T, Frosch T, Jahn IJ, Pahlow S, Stiebing C, Meyer-Zedler T, Bocklitz T, Schie I, Deckert V, Popp J. Raman Spectroscopy and Imaging in Bioanalytics. Anal Chem 2021; 94:86-119. [PMID: 34920669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Rösch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Deckert-Gaudig
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Frosch
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Izabella J Jahn
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Susanne Pahlow
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Clara Stiebing
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Meyer-Zedler
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Bocklitz
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Iwan Schie
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule Jena, University of Applied Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center of Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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22
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Bakthavatsalam S, Dodo K, Sodeoka M. A decade of alkyne-tag Raman imaging (ATRI): applications in biological systems. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1415-1429. [PMID: 34704046 PMCID: PMC8496067 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00116g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyne functional groups have Raman signatures in a region (1800 cm-1 to 2800 cm-1) that is free from interference from cell components, known as the "silent region", and alkyne signals in this region were first utilized a decade ago to visualize the nuclear localization of a thymidine analogue EdU. Since then, the strategy of Raman imaging of biological samples by using alkyne functional groups, called alkyne-tag Raman imaging (ATRI), has become widely used. This article reviews the applications of ATRI in biological samples ranging from organelles to whole animal models, and briefly discusses the prospects for this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Bakthavatsalam
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Kosuke Dodo
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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23
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Zhang C, Aldana-Mendoza JA. Coherent Raman scattering microscopy for chemical imaging of biological systems. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/abfd09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) processes, including both the coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and stimulated Raman scattering, have been utilized in state-of-the-art microscopy platforms for chemical imaging of biological samples. The key advantage of CRS microscopy over fluorescence microscopy is label-free, which is an attractive characteristic for modern biological and medical sciences. Besides, CRS has other advantages such as higher selectivity to metabolites, no photobleaching, and narrow peak width. These features have brought fast-growing attention to CRS microscopy in biological research. In this review article, we will first briefly introduce the history of CRS microscopy, and then explain the theoretical background of the CRS processes in detail using the classical approach. Next, we will cover major instrumentation techniques of CRS microscopy. Finally, we will enumerate examples of recent applications of CRS imaging in biological and medical sciences.
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24
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Abstract
The performance of light microscopes is limited by the stochastic nature of light, which exists in discrete packets of energy known as photons. Randomness in the times that photons are detected introduces shot noise, which fundamentally constrains sensitivity, resolution and speed1. Although the long-established solution to this problem is to increase the intensity of the illumination light, this is not always possible when investigating living systems, because bright lasers can severely disturb biological processes2-4. Theory predicts that biological imaging may be improved without increasing light intensity by using quantum photon correlations1,5. Here we experimentally show that quantum correlations allow a signal-to-noise ratio beyond the photodamage limit of conventional microscopy. Our microscope is a coherent Raman microscope that offers subwavelength resolution and incorporates bright quantum correlated illumination. The correlations allow imaging of molecular bonds within a cell with a 35 per cent improved signal-to-noise ratio compared with conventional microscopy, corresponding to a 14 per cent improvement in concentration sensitivity. This enables the observation of biological structures that would not otherwise be resolved. Coherent Raman microscopes allow highly selective biomolecular fingerprinting in unlabelled specimens6,7, but photodamage is a major roadblock for many applications8,9. By showing that the photodamage limit can be overcome, our work will enable order-of-magnitude improvements in the signal-to-noise ratio and the imaging speed.
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25
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Mitsuzawa S, Suzuki N, Akiyama T, Ishikawa M, Sone T, Kawada J, Funayama R, Shirota M, Mitsuhashi H, Morimoto S, Ikeda K, Shijo T, Ohno A, Nakamura N, Ono H, Ono R, Osana S, Nakagawa T, Nishiyama A, Izumi R, Kaneda S, Ikeuchi Y, Nakayama K, Fujii T, Warita H, Okano H, Aoki M. Reduced PHOX2B stability causes axonal growth impairment in motor neurons with TARDBP mutations. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:1527-1541. [PMID: 34048688 PMCID: PMC8190591 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset incurable motor neuron (MN) disease. The reasons for selective MN vulnerability in ALS are unknown. Axonal pathology is among the earliest signs of ALS. We searched for novel modulatory genes in human MN axon shortening affected by TARDBP mutations. In transcriptome analysis of RNA present in the axon compartment of human-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MNs, PHOX2B (paired-like homeobox protein 2B) showed lower expression in TARDBP mutant axons, which was consistent with axon qPCR and in situ hybridization. PHOX2B mRNA stability was reduced in TARDBP mutant MNs. Furthermore, PHOX2B knockdown reduced neurite length in human MNs. Finally, phox2b knockdown in zebrafish induced short spinal axons and impaired escape response. PHOX2B is known to be highly express in other types of neurons maintained after ALS progression. Collectively, TARDBP mutations induced loss of axonal resilience, which is an important ALS-related phenotype mediated by PHOX2B downregulation. Human iPSCs were established from a familial ALS with the TARDBP p.G376D mutation PHOX2B mRNA was identified to be decreased in TARDBP mutant MNs by RNA sequencing PHOX2B mRNA bind to TDP-43 and its stability was reduced in TARDBP mutant MNs PHOX2B knockdown reduced neurite length and impaired motor functions in vivo/vitro
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Affiliation(s)
- Shio Mitsuzawa
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Akiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ishikawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takefumi Sone
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jiro Kawada
- Jiksak Bioengineering Inc. 7-7 Shinkawasaki, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki 212-0032, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Division of Cell Proliferation, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Matsuyuki Shirota
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medical Science, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuhashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Satoru Morimoto
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shijo
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Ohno
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroya Ono
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Risako Ono
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shion Osana
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakagawa
- Division of Cell Proliferation, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, 1-1-1 Daigaku-Doori, Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Rumiko Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shohei Kaneda
- Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kogakuin University, 1-24-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-8677, Japan
| | - Yoshiho Ikeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Division of Cell Proliferation, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Teruo Fujii
- Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
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26
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Plesia M, Stevens OA, Lloyd GR, Kendall CA, Coldicott I, Kennerley AJ, Miller G, Shaw PJ, Mead RJ, Day JCC, Alix JJP. In Vivo Fiber Optic Raman Spectroscopy of Muscle in Preclinical Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1768-1776. [PMID: 33950665 PMCID: PMC8154326 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular diseases result in muscle weakness, disability, and, in many instances, death. Preclinical models form the bedrock of research into these disorders, and the development of in vivo and potentially translational biomarkers for the accurate identification of disease is crucial. Spontaneous Raman spectroscopy can provide a rapid, label-free, and highly specific molecular fingerprint of tissue, making it an attractive potential biomarker. In this study, we have developed and tested an in vivo intramuscular fiber optic Raman technique in two mouse models of devastating human neuromuscular diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (SOD1G93A and mdx, respectively). The method identified diseased and healthy muscle with high classification accuracies (area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC): 0.76-0.92). In addition, changes in diseased muscle over time were also identified (AUROCs 0.89-0.97). Key spectral changes related to proteins and the loss of α-helix protein structure. Importantly, in vivo recording did not cause functional motor impairment and only a limited, resolving tissue injury was seen on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Lastly, we demonstrate that ex vivo muscle from human patients with these conditions produced similar spectra to those observed in mice. We conclude that spontaneous Raman spectroscopy of muscle shows promise as a translational research tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Plesia
- Sheffield
Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Oliver A. Stevens
- Interface
Analysis Centre, School of Physics, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Gavin R. Lloyd
- Phenome
Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Biophotonics
Research Unit, Gloucestershire Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester GL1 3NN, UK
| | - Catherine A. Kendall
- Biophotonics
Research Unit, Gloucestershire Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester GL1 3NN, UK
| | - Ian Coldicott
- Sheffield
Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | | | - Gaynor Miller
- Department
of Oncology and Metabolism, University of
Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield
Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Cross-Faculty
Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Richard J. Mead
- Sheffield
Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Cross-Faculty
Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - John C. C. Day
- Interface
Analysis Centre, School of Physics, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
| | - James J. P. Alix
- Sheffield
Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Cross-Faculty
Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
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27
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Shi L, Fung AA, Zhou A. Advances in stimulated Raman scattering imaging for tissues and animals. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:1078-1101. [PMID: 33654679 PMCID: PMC7829158 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has emerged in the last decade as a powerful optical imaging technology with high chemical selectivity, speed, and subcellular resolution. Since the invention of SRS microscopy, it has been extensively employed in life science to study composition, structure, metabolism, development, and disease in biological systems. Applications of SRS in research and the clinic have generated new insights in many fields including neurobiology, tumor biology, developmental biology, metabolomics, pharmacokinetics, and more. Herein we review the advances and applications of SRS microscopy imaging in tissues and animals, as well as envision future applications and development of SRS imaging in life science and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony A Fung
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andy Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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28
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Yu H, Chen L, Zhang S, He J, Fan D. Early Axonal Dysfunction of the Peripheral Nervous System Influences Disease Progression of ALS: Evidence From Clinical Neuroelectrophysiology. Front Neurol 2021; 12:574919. [PMID: 33643181 PMCID: PMC7905229 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.574919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the prognostic value of the decrement in compound muscle action potential amplitude within 12 months of symptom onset (CMAP-12 amplitude) for the survival of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: Patients were stratified into 4 groups according to the decrement of the CMAP-12 amplitudes: normal (≥the lower limit of normal, LLN), mild (<LLN but ≥50% of LLN), moderate (<50% but ≥30% of LLN) and severe (<30% of LLN). All patients were followed up every 3 months. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: A total of 149 patients were included in the analysis [90 males (60.4%); mean age at onset, 50.7 years]. The decrement of CMAP-12 amplitudes was normal in 24.2% of patients, mild in 22.1%, moderate in 15.4% and severe in 38.3%. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed there was a significant difference in the overall survival across the 4 groups (p < 0.05). Further pairwise comparisons identified significant differences in survival between the normal vs. the moderate group (p < 0.05) and the normal vs. the severe group (p < 0.01). There was a significant inverse correlation between the CMAP-12 amplitude and overall survival. Compared to that in the normal group, survival in the moderately and severely decreased groups was significantly shorter (HR 3.394, 95% CI 1.292–8.917, p = 0.013; and HR 4.732, 95% CI 2.032–11.017; p = 0.000, respectively). Conclusions: Our results suggest that CMAP-12 amplitude could be a prognostic indicator of disease progression in ALS. More importantly, our findings provide clinical evidence for the viewpoint that early axonal dysfunction of the peripheral nervous system accelerates disease progression of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
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29
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Angelini DF, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Piras E, Parisi C, Nutini M, Spalloni A, Pagano F, Longone P, Battistini L, Pavone F, Marinelli S. Very Early Involvement of Innate Immunity in Peripheral Nerve Degeneration in SOD1-G93A Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575792. [PMID: 33329541 PMCID: PMC7714949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that immune system has a role in the progression and prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), but the identification of a clear mechanism and immune players remains to be elucidated. Here, we have investigated, in 30 and 60 days (presymptomatic) and 120 days (symptomatic) old SOD1-G93A mice, systemic, peripheral, and central innate and adaptive immune and inflammatory response, correlating it with the progression of the neurodegeneration in neuromuscular junction, sciatic nerves, and spinal cord. Surprisingly, we found a very initial (45-60 days) presence of IgG in sciatic nerves together with a gradual enhancement of A20/TNFAIP3 (protein controlling NF-κB signalling) and a concomitantly significant increase and activation of circulating mast cells (MCs) as well as MCs and macrophages in sciatic nerve and an enhancement of IL-6 and IL-10. This immunological frame coincided with a myelin aggregation. The 30-60 days old SOD1-G93A mice didn't show real elements of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in spinal cord. In 120 days old mice macrophages and monocytes are widely diffused in sciatic nerves, peripheral neurodegeneration reaches the tip, high circulating levels of TNFα and IL-2 were found and spinal cord exhibits clear signs of neural damage and infiltrating immune cells. Our results underpin a clear immunological disorder at the origin of ALS axonopathy, in which MCs are involved in the initiation and sustaining of inflammatory events. These data cannot be considered a mere epiphenomenon of motor neuron degeneration and reveal new potential selective immune targets in ALS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica De Angelis
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piras
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Parisi
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Nutini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alida Spalloni
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luca Battistini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
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30
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Francis AT, Shears MJ, Murphy SC, Fu D. Direct Quantification of Single Red Blood Cell Hemoglobin Concentration with Multiphoton Microscopy. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12235-12241. [PMID: 32786430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Blood disorders, diseases, and infections often affect the shape, number, and content of red blood cells (RBCs) dramatically. To combat these pathologies, many therapies target RBCs and their contents directly. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) is an important pathological metric in both identification and treatment. However, current methods for RBC analysis and MCHC quantification rely on bulk measurements. Single RBC measurements could provide necessary insight into the heterogeneity of RBC health and improve therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we present a novel multimodal multiphoton approach for quantifying hemoglobin concentration at single RBC resolution. We achieve this by collecting two images simultaneously that allows us to excite water with stimulated Raman scattering and hemoglobin with transient absorption. This multimodal imaging is enabled by a newly designed orthogonal modulation theme for dual-channel lock-in detection. By leveraging water as an internal standard, we quantify MCHC of healthy RBCs and RBCs infected with Plasmodium yoelii, a commonly studied rodent parasite model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Melanie J Shears
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Sean C Murphy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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31
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Payne TD, Moody AS, Wood AL, Pimiento PA, Elliott JC, Sharma B. Raman spectroscopy and neuroscience: from fundamental understanding to disease diagnostics and imaging. Analyst 2020; 145:3461-3480. [PMID: 32301450 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuroscience would directly benefit from more effective detection techniques, leading to earlier diagnosis of disease. The specificity of Raman spectroscopy is unparalleled, given that a molecular fingerprint is attained for each species. It also allows for label-free detection with relatively inexpensive instrumentation, minimal sample preparation, and rapid sample analysis. This review summarizes Raman spectroscopy-based techniques that have been used to advance the field of neuroscience in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor D Payne
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Amber S Moody
- National Center of Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Avery L Wood
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Paula A Pimiento
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - James C Elliott
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Bhavya Sharma
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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32
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Coto Hernández I, Yang W, Mohan S, Jowett N. Label-free histomorphometry of peripheral nerve by stimulated Raman spectroscopy. Muscle Nerve 2020; 62:137-142. [PMID: 32304246 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional processing of nerve for histomorphometry is resource-intensive, precluding use in intraoperative assessment of nerve quality during nerve transfer procedures. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a label-free technique that enables rapid and high-resolution histology. METHODS Segments of healthy murine sciatic nerve, healthy human obturator nerve, and human cross-facial nerve autografts were imaged on a custom SRS microscope. Myelinated axon quantification was performed through segmentation using a random forest machine learning algorithm in commercial software. RESULTS High contrast, high-resolution imaging of nerve morphology was obtained with SRS imaging. Automated myelinated axon quantification from cross-sections of healthy human nerve imaged using SRS was achieved. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we demonstrate the use of a label-free technique for rapid imaging of murine and human peripheral nerve cryosections. We illustrate the potential of this technique to inform intraoperative decision-making through rapid automated quantification of myelinated axons using a machine learning algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Coto Hernández
- Surgical Photonics and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Center for Advanced Imaging, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Suresh Mohan
- Surgical Photonics and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nate Jowett
- Surgical Photonics and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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33
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Suzuki N, Akiyama T, Warita H, Aoki M. Omics Approach to Axonal Dysfunction of Motor Neurons in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Front Neurosci 2020; 14:194. [PMID: 32269505 PMCID: PMC7109447 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an intractable adult-onset neurodegenerative disease that leads to the loss of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). The long axons of MNs become damaged during the early stages of ALS. Genetic and pathological analyses of ALS patients have revealed dysfunction in the MN axon homeostasis. However, the molecular pathomechanism for the degeneration of axons in ALS has not been fully elucidated. This review provides an overview of the proposed axonal pathomechanisms in ALS, including those involving the neuronal cytoskeleton, cargo transport within axons, axonal energy supply, clearance of junk protein, neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), and aberrant axonal branching. To improve understanding of the global changes in axons, the review summarizes omics analyses of the axonal compartments of neurons in vitro and in vivo, including a motor nerve organoid approach that utilizes microfluidic devices developed by this research group. The review also discusses the relevance of intra-axonal transcription factors frequently identified in these omics analyses. Local axonal translation and the relationship among these pathomechanisms should be pursued further. The development of novel strategies to analyze axon fractions provides a new approach to establishing a detailed understanding of resilience of long MN and MN pathology in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Shodo-kai Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Akiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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34
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Chen X, Sanchez GN, Schnitzer MJ, Delp SL. Microendoscopy detects altered muscular contractile dynamics in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:457. [PMID: 31949214 PMCID: PMC6965652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease involving motor neuron degeneration. Effective diagnosis of ALS and quantitative monitoring of its progression are crucial to the success of clinical trials. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microendoscopy is an emerging technology for imaging single motor unit contractions. To assess the potential value of microendoscopy for diagnosing and tracking ALS, we monitored motor unit dynamics in a B6.SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS for several weeks. Prior to overt symptoms, muscle twitch rise and relaxation time constants both increased, consistent with a loss of fast-fatigable motor units. These effects became more pronounced with disease progression, consistent with the death of fast fatigue-resistant motor units and superior survival of slow motor units. From these measurements we constructed a physiological metric that reflects the changing distributions of measured motor unit time constants and effectively diagnoses mice before symptomatic onset and tracks disease state. These results indicate that SHG microendoscopy provides a means for developing a quantitative, physiologic characterization of ALS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Gabriel N Sanchez
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Enspectra Health, Mountain View, CA, 94040, USA
| | - Mark J Schnitzer
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Scott L Delp
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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35
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Abstract
This is a review of relevant Raman spectroscopy (RS) techniques and their use in structural biology, biophysics, cells, and tissues imaging towards development of various medical diagnostic tools, drug design, and other medical applications. Classical and contemporary structural studies of different water-soluble and membrane proteins, DNA, RNA, and their interactions and behavior in different systems were analyzed in terms of applicability of RS techniques and their complementarity to other corresponding methods. We show that RS is a powerful method that links the fundamental structural biology and its medical applications in cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, atherosclerotic, and other diseases. In particular, the key roles of RS in modern technologies of structure-based drug design are the detection and imaging of membrane protein microcrystals with the help of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), which would help to further the development of protein structural crystallography and would result in a number of novel high-resolution structures of membrane proteins—drug targets; and, structural studies of photoactive membrane proteins (rhodopsins, photoreceptors, etc.) for the development of new optogenetic tools. Physical background and biomedical applications of spontaneous, stimulated, resonant, and surface- and tip-enhanced RS are also discussed. All of these techniques have been extensively developed during recent several decades. A number of interesting applications of CARS, resonant, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy methods are also discussed.
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36
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TNFR2 knockdown triggers apoptosis-induced proliferation in primarily cultured Schwann cells. Neurosci Res 2020; 150:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Uckermann O, Hirsch J, Galli R, Bendig J, Later R, Koch E, Schackert G, Steiner G, Tanaka E, Kirsch M. Label-free Imaging of Tissue Architecture during Axolotl Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Comparison to Functional Recovery. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12641. [PMID: 31477751 PMCID: PMC6718386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human peripheral nerves hold the potential to regenerate after injuries; however, whether a successful axonal regrowth was achieved can be elucidated only months after injury by assessing function. The axolotl salamander is a regenerative model where nerves always regenerate quickly and fully after all types of injury. Here, de- and regeneration of the axolotl sciatic nerve were investigated in a single and double injury model by label-free multiphoton imaging in comparison to functional recovery. We used coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering to visualize myelin fragmentation and axonal regeneration. The presence of axons at the lesion site corresponded to onset of functional recovery in both lesion models. In addition, we detected axonal regrowth later in the double injury model in agreement with a higher severity of injury. Moreover, endogenous two-photon excited fluorescence visualized macrophages and revealed a similar timecourse of inflammation in both injury models, which did not correlate with functional recovery. Finally, using the same techniques, axonal structure and status of myelin were visualized in vivo after sciatic nerve injury. Label-free imaging is a new experimental approach that provides mechanistic insights in animal models, with the potential to be used in the future for investigation of regeneration after nerve injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ortrud Uckermann
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Joana Hirsch
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roberta Galli
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas Bendig
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Later
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edmund Koch
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerald Steiner
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elly Tanaka
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Kirsch
- Neurosurgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Dresden, Germany
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Hu F, Shi L, Min W. Biological imaging of chemical bonds by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Nat Methods 2019; 16:830-842. [PMID: 31471618 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-019-0538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
All molecules consist of chemical bonds, and much can be learned from mapping the spatiotemporal dynamics of these bonds. Since its invention a decade ago, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has become a powerful modality for imaging chemical bonds with high sensitivity, resolution, speed and specificity. We introduce the fundamentals of SRS microscopy and review innovations in SRS microscopes and imaging probes. We highlight examples of exciting biological applications, and share our vision for potential future breakthroughs for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghao Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lixue Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Min
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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CD34 Identifies a Subset of Proliferating Microglial Cells Associated with Degenerating Motor Neurons in ALS. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163880. [PMID: 31395804 PMCID: PMC6720880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons accompanied by proliferation of reactive microglia in affected regions. However, it is unknown whether the hematopoietic marker CD34 can identify a subpopulation of proliferating microglial cells in the ALS degenerating spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry for CD34 and microglia markers was performed in lumbar spinal cords of ALS rats bearing the SOD1G93A mutation and autopsied ALS and control human subjects. Characterization of CD34-positive cells was also performed in primary cell cultures of the rat spinal cords. CD34 was expressed in a large number of cells that closely interacted with degenerating lumbar spinal cord motor neurons in symptomatic SOD1G93A rats, but not in controls. Most CD34+ cells co-expressed the myeloid marker CD11b, while only a subpopulation was stained for Iba1 or CD68. Notably, CD34+ cells actively proliferated and formed clusters adjacent to damaged motor neurons bearing misfolded SOD1. CD34+ cells were identified in the proximity of motor neurons in autopsied spinal cord from sporadic ALS subjects but not in controls. Cell culture of symptomatic SOD1G93A rat spinal cords yielded a large number of CD34+ cells exclusively in the non-adherent phase, which generated microglia after successive passaging. A yet unrecognized CD34+ cells, expressing or not the microglial marker Iba1, proliferate and accumulate adjacent to degenerating spinal motor neurons, representing an intriguing cell target for approaching ALS pathogenesis and therapeutics.
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Aberrant axon branching via Fos-B dysregulation in FUS-ALS motor neurons. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:362-378. [PMID: 31262712 PMCID: PMC6642224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The characteristic structure of motor neurons (MNs), particularly of the long axons, becomes damaged in the early stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the molecular pathophysiology of axonal degeneration remains to be fully elucidated. Method Two sets of isogenic human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs)-derived MNs possessing the single amino acid difference (p.H517D) in the fused in sarcoma (FUS) were constructed. By combining MN reporter lentivirus, MN specific phenotype was analyzed. Moreover, RNA profiling of isolated axons were conducted by applying the microfluidic devices that enable axon bundles to be produced for omics analysis. The relationship between the target gene, which was identified as a pathological candidate in ALS with RNA-sequencing, and the MN phenotype was confirmed by intervention with si-RNA or overexpression to hiPSCs-derived MNs and even in vivo. The commonality was further confirmed with other ALS-causative mutant hiPSCs-derived MNs and human pathology. Findings We identified aberrant increasing of axon branchings in FUS-mutant hiPSCs-derived MN axons compared with isogenic controls as a novel phenotype. We identified increased level of Fos-B mRNA, the binding target of FUS, in FUS-mutant MNs. While Fos-B reduction using si-RNA or an inhibitor ameliorated the observed aberrant axon branching, Fos-B overexpression resulted in aberrant axon branching even in vivo. The commonality of those phenotypes was further confirmed with other ALS causative mutation than FUS. Interpretation Analyzing the axonal fraction of hiPSC-derived MNs using microfluidic devices revealed that Fos-B is a key regulator of FUS-mutant axon branching. Fund Japan Agency for Medical Research and development; Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Clinical Research, Innovation and Education Center, Tohoku University Hospital; Japan Intractable Diseases (Nanbyo) Research Foundation; the Kanae Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science; and “Inochi-no-Iro” ALS research grant.
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Abstract
Understanding the cellular basis of human health and disease requires the spatial resolution of microscopy and the molecular-level details provided by spectroscopy. This review highlights imaging methods at the intersection of microscopy and spectroscopy with applications in cell biology. Imaging methods are divided into three broad categories: fluorescence microscopy, label-free approaches, and imaging tools that can be applied to multiple imaging modalities. Just as these imaging methods allow researchers to address new biological questions, progress in biological sciences will drive the development of new imaging methods. We highlight four topics in cell biology that illustrate the need for new imaging tools: nanoparticle-cell interactions, intracellular redox chemistry, neuroscience, and the increasing use of spheroids and organoids. Overall, our goal is to provide a brief overview of individual imaging methods and highlight recent advances in the use of microscopy for cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Morris
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, Georgia 30043, USA
| | - Christine K Payne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA;
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42
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Walke P, Toyouchi S, Wolf M, Peeters W, Prabhu SR, Inose T, De Feyter S, Fujita Y, Uji-I H. Facilitating Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering on Dielectric Substrates via Electrical Cutting of Silver Nanowire Probes. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:7117-7122. [PMID: 30484654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
TERS is a powerful tool for nanoscale optical characterization of surfaces. However, even after 20 years of development, the parameters for optimal TERS tips are still up for debate. As a result, routine measurements on bulk or dielectric substrates remain exceptionally challenging. Herein we help to alleviate this by using electrical cutting to strategically modify silver nanowire TERS probes. Following cutting, the tips present a large, spherical apex and are often nanostructured with numerous nanoparticles, which we argue improve light collection and optical coupling. This doubles TERS signals on a highly enhancing, gap-mode substrate compared to our standard nanowire tips while maintaining a high reproducibility and resolution. More interestingly, on a dielectric substrate (graphene on SiO2) the tips give ∼7× higher signals than our standard tips. Further investigations point to the nonlocal nature of the enhancement using standard, smooth TERS probes without gap-mode, making such nanostructuring highly beneficial in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Walke
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Shuichi Toyouchi
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Mathias Wolf
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Wannes Peeters
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Sugosh R Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Tomoko Inose
- RIES , Hokkaido University , N20W10 , Kita-Ward, Sapporo , Japan
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Yasuhiko Fujita
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
- Toray Research Center, Inc. , Sonoyama 3-3-7 , Otsu , 520-8567 Shiga Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uji-I
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
- RIES , Hokkaido University , N20W10 , Kita-Ward, Sapporo , Japan
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43
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Trias E, King PH, Si Y, Kwon Y, Varela V, Ibarburu S, Kovacs M, Moura IC, Beckman JS, Hermine O, Barbeito L. Mast cells and neutrophils mediate peripheral motor pathway degeneration in ALS. JCI Insight 2018; 3:123249. [PMID: 30282815 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.123249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a recognized pathogenic mechanism underlying motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the inflammatory mechanisms influencing peripheral motor axon degeneration remain largely unknown. A recent report showed a pathogenic role for c-Kit-expressing mast cells mediating inflammation and neuromuscular junction denervation in muscles from SOD1G93A rats. Here, we have explored whether mast cells infiltrate skeletal muscles in autopsied muscles from ALS patients. We report that degranulating mast cells were abundant in the quadriceps muscles from ALS subjects but not in controls. Mast cells were associated with myofibers and motor endplates and, remarkably, interacted with neutrophils forming large extracellular traps. Mast cells and neutrophils were also abundant around motor axons in the extensor digitorum longus muscle, sciatic nerve, and ventral roots of symptomatic SOD1G93A rats, indicating that immune cell infiltration extends along the entire peripheral motor pathway. Postparalysis treatment of SOD1G93A rats with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug masitinib prevented mast cell and neutrophil infiltration, axonal pathology, secondary demyelination, and the loss of type 2B myofibers, compared with vehicle-treated rats. These findings provide further evidence for a yet unrecognized contribution of immune cells in peripheral motor pathway degeneration that can be therapeutically targeted by tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ying Si
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yuri Kwon
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ivan C Moura
- Imagine Institute, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL 8254, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Equipe Labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Nantes, France
| | - Joseph S Beckman
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Imagine Institute, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS ERL 8254, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Equipe Labélisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Nantes, France.,AB Science, Paris, France.,Department of Hematology, Necker Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre national de référence des mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Paris, France
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44
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Wide-Field Functional Microscopy of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14004. [PMID: 30228335 PMCID: PMC6143548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32346-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe peripheral nerve injuries often result in partial repair and lifelong disabilities in patients. New surgical techniques and better graft tissues are being studied to accelerate regeneration and improve functional recovery. Currently, limited tools are available to provide in vivo monitoring of changes in nerve physiology such as myelination and vascularization, and this has impeded the development of new therapeutic options. We have developed a wide-field and label-free functional microscopy platform based on angiographic and vectorial birefringence methods in optical coherence tomography (OCT). By incorporating the directionality of the birefringence, which was neglected in the previously reported polarization-sensitive OCT techniques for nerve imaging, vectorial birefringence contrast reveals internal nerve microanatomy and allows for quantification of local myelination with superior sensitivity. Advanced OCT angiography is applied in parallel to image the three-dimensional vascular networks within the nerve over wide-fields. Furthermore, by combining vectorial birefringence and angiography, intraneural vessels can be discriminated from those of the surrounding tissues. The technique is used to provide longitudinal imaging of myelination and revascularization in the rodent sciatic nerve model, i.e. imaged at certain sequential time-points during regeneration. The animals were exposed to either crush or transection injuries, and in the case of transection, were repaired using an autologous nerve graft or acellular nerve allograft. Such label-free functional imaging by the platform can provide new insights into the mechanisms that limit regeneration and functional recovery, and may ultimately provide intraoperative assessment in human subjects.
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45
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Picardi G, Spalloni A, Generosi A, Paci B, Mercuri NB, Luce M, Longone P, Cricenti A. Tissue degeneration in ALS affected spinal cord evaluated by Raman spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13110. [PMID: 30166600 PMCID: PMC6117324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Raman spectral features from spinal cord tissue sections of transgenic, ALS model mice and non-transgenic mice were compared using 457 nm excitation line, profiting from the favourable signal intensity obtained in the molecular fingerprint region at this wavelength. Transverse sections from four SOD1G93A mice at 75 days and from two at 90 days after birth were analysed and compared with sections of similarly aged control mice. The spectra acquired within the grey matter of tissue sections from the diseased mice is markedly different from the grey matter signature of healthy mice. In particular, we observe an intensity increase in the spectral windows 450-650 cm-1 and 1050-1200 cm-1, accompanied by an intensity decrease in the lipid contributions at ~1660 cm-1, ~1440 cm-1 and ~1300 cm-1. Axons demyelination, loss of lipid structural order and the proliferation and aggregation of branched proteoglycans are related to the observed spectral modifications. Furthermore, the grey and white matter components of the spinal cord sections could also be spectrally distinguished, based on the relative intensity of characteristic lipid and protein bands. Raman spectra acquired from the white matter regions of the SOD1G93A mice closely resembles those from control mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Picardi
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alida Spalloni
- Laboratorio di Neurobiologia Molecolare, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64/65, I-00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Amanda Generosi
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Paci
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Department of Systems Medicine, Neurology UOC, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Fondazione PTV, Policlinico"Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, I-00133, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64/65, I-00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Luce
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Longone
- Laboratorio di Neurobiologia Molecolare, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64/65, I-00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cricenti
- CNR Istituto Struttura della Materia, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133, Rome, Italy
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46
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Bae K, Zheng W, Lin K, Lim SW, Chong YK, Tang C, King NK, Ti Ang CB, Huang Z. Epi-Detected Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy for Label-Free Molecular Subtyping of Glioblastomas. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10249-10255. [PMID: 30070837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report the development and implementation of an epi-detected spectral-focusing hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) imaging technique for label-free biomolecular subtyping of glioblastomas (GBMs). The hyperspectral SRS imaging technique developed generates SRS image stacks (from 2800 to 3020 cm-1 at 7 cm-1 intervals) within 30 s through controlling the time delay between the chirped pump and Stokes beams. SRS images at representative Raman shifts (e.g., 2845, 2885, and 2935 cm-1) delineate the biochemical variations and morphological differences between proneural and mesenchymal subtypes of GBMs. Multivariate curve resolution (MCR) analysis on hyperspectral SRS images enables the quantification of major biomolecule distributions in mesenchymal and proneural GBMs. Further principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) together with leave-one SRS spectrum-out, cross-validation (LOOCV) yields a diagnostic sensitivity of 96.7% (29/30) and specificity of 88.9% (28/36) for differentiation between mesenchymal and proneural subtypes of GBMs. This study shows great potential of applying hyperspectral SRS imaging technique developed for rapid, label-free molecular subtyping of GBMs in neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kideog Bae
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117576
| | - Wei Zheng
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117576.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , National University of Singapore , Singapore 119260
| | - Kan Lin
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117576.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , National University of Singapore , Singapore 119260
| | - See Wee Lim
- National Neuroscience Institute , Singapore 308433
| | | | - Carol Tang
- National Neuroscience Institute , Singapore 308433.,Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , Singapore 169857.,Division of Cellular and Molecular Research , Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre , Singapore 169610
| | - Nicolas K King
- National Neuroscience Institute , Singapore 308433.,Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , Singapore 169857
| | - Christopher Beng Ti Ang
- National Neuroscience Institute , Singapore 308433.,Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , Singapore 169857.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117597.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) , Singapore 117609
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117576
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47
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Abstract
Optical microscopy has generated great impact for modern research. While fluorescence microscopy provides the ultimate sensitivity, it generally lacks chemical information. Complementarily, vibrational imaging methods provide rich chemical-bond-specific contrasts. Nonetheless, they usually suffer from unsatisfying sensitivity or compromised biocompatibility. Recently, electronic preresonance stimulated Raman scattering (EPR-SRS) microscopy was reported, achieving simultaneous high detection sensitivity and superb vibrational specificity of chromophores. With newly synthesized Raman-active dyes, this method readily breaks the optical color barrier of fluorescence microscopy and is well-suited for supermultiplex imaging in biological samples. In this Perspective, we first review previous utilizations of electronic resonance in various Raman spectroscopy and microscopy. We then discuss the physical origin and uniqueness of the electronic preresonance region, followed by quantitative analysis of the enhancement factors involved in EPR-SRS microscopy. On this basis, we provide an outlook for future development as well as the broad applications in biophotonics.
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48
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Galli R, Sitoci-Ficici KH, Uckermann O, Later R, Marečková M, Koch M, Leipnitz E, Schackert G, Koch E, Gelinsky M, Steiner G, Kirsch M. Label-free multiphoton microscopy reveals relevant tissue changes induced by alginate hydrogel implantation in rat spinal cord injury. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10841. [PMID: 30022115 PMCID: PMC6052076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of therapies promoting recovery after spinal cord injury is a challenge. Alginate hydrogels offer the possibility to develop biocompatible implants with mechanical properties tailored to the nervous tissue, which could provide a permissive environment for tissue repair. Here, the effects of non-functionalized soft calcium alginate hydrogel were investigated in a rat model of thoracic spinal cord hemisection and compared to lesioned untreated controls. Open field locomotion tests were employed to evaluate functional recovery. Tissue analysis was performed with label-free multiphoton microscopy using a multimodal approach that combines coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering to visualize axonal structures, two-photon fluorescence to visualize inflammation, second harmonic generation to visualize collagenous scarring. Treated animals recovered hindlimb function significantly better than controls. Multiphoton microscopy revealed that the implant influenced the injury-induced tissue response, leading to decreased inflammation, reduced scarring with different morphology and increased presence of axons. Demyelination of contralateral white matter near the lesion was prevented. Reduced chronic inflammation and increased amount of axons in the lesion correlated with improved hindlimb functions, being thus relevant for locomotion recovery. In conclusion, non-functionalized hydrogel improved functional outcome after spinal cord injury in rats. Furthermore, label-free multiphoton microscopy qualified as suitable technique for regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Galli
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring - Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kerim H Sitoci-Ficici
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ortrud Uckermann
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Later
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Magda Marečková
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Koch
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Leipnitz
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edmund Koch
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring - Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerald Steiner
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring - Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Matthias Kirsch
- Molecular Neuroimaging Laboratory, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- CRTD/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden - Cluster of Excellence, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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Sasaki Y. Metabolic aspects of neuronal degeneration: From a NAD + point of view. Neurosci Res 2018; 139:9-20. [PMID: 30006197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular metabolism maintains the life of cells, allowing energy production required for building cellular constituents and maintaining homeostasis under constantly changing external environments. Neuronal cells maintain their structure and function for the entire life of organisms and the loss of neurons, with limited neurogenesis in adults, directly causes loss of complexity in the neuronal networks. The nervous system organizes the neurons by placing cell bodies containing nuclei of similar types of neurons in discrete regions. Accordingly, axons must travel great distances to connect different types of neurons and peripheral organs. The enormous surface area of neurons makes them high-energy demanding to keep their membrane potential. Distal axon survival is dependent on axonal transport that is another energy demanding process. All of these factors make metabolic stress a potential risk factor for neuronal death and neuronal degeneration often associated with metabolic diseases. This review discusses recent findings on metabolic dysregulations under neuronal degeneration and pathways protecting neurons in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Sasaki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, Couch Biomedical Research Building, 4515 McKinley Ave., Saint Louis, MO, 63110, United States
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50
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Zhao L, Yuan Y, Li P, Pan J, Qin J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Tian F, Yu B, Zhou S. miR-221-3p Inhibits Schwann Cell Myelination. Neuroscience 2018; 379:239-245. [PMID: 29577996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Following peripheral nerve injury, Schwann Cells (SCs) undergo dedifferentiation, proliferation, migration, and remyelination. Recent works demonstrated the importance of the short non-coding RNA (miRNAs) in SC dedifferentiation and remyelination after nerve injury. Previously, we found some miRNAs like miR-9, miR-221, miR-222 and miR-182 could regulate the proliferation and migration of SCs. Therefore, it is imperative to ask whether these miRNAs could regulate the myelination of SCs. Here we demonstrated that miR-221-3p could inhibit the myelination of SCs when co-cultured with dorsal root ganglion cells in vitro. In addition, NGF1-A binding protein 1 (Nab1) which was essential for SCs myelination could be downregulated by miR-221-3p. Suppressing the expression of Nab1 could reverse the promotion of miR-221-3p antagomir on SC myelination. The effects of miR-221-3p on SC myelination might be used to improve peripheral nerve regeneration, thus offering a new approach to peripheral nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing Biomedical Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jiacheng Pan
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yisheng Liu
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Anevue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Feng Tian
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Anevue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bin Yu
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- Key laboratory of neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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