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Tarekuzzaman M, Ishraq MH, Rahman MA, Irfan A, Rahman MZ, Akter MS, Abedin S, Rayhan MA, Rasheduzzaman M, Hossen MM, Hasan MZ. A systematic first-principles investigation of the structural, electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of Half-Heusler ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) for spintronics and optoelectronics applications. J Comput Chem 2024. [PMID: 38970309 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
This paper is the first to look at the structural, electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of the ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) half-Heusler (HH) using DFT based first principles method. The lattice parameters that we have calculated are very similar to those obtained in prior investigations with theoretical and experimental data. The positive phonon dispersion curve confirm the dynamical stability of ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn). The electronic band structure and DOS confirmed that the studied materials ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) are direct band gap semiconductors. The investigation also determined significant constants, including dielectric function, absorption, conductivity, reflectivity, refractive index, and loss function. These optical observations unveiled our compounds potential utilization in various electronic and optoelectronic device applications. The elastic constants were used to fulfill the Born criteria, confirming the mechanical stability and ductility of the solids ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn). The calculated elastic modulus revealed that our studied compounds are elastically anisotropic. Moreover, ANiX (ASc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf; XBi, Sn) has a very low minimum thermal conductivity (Kmin), and a low Debye temperature (θD), which indicating their appropriateness for utilization in thermal barrier coating (TBC) applications. The Helmholtz free energy (F), internal energy (E), entropy (S), and specific heat capacity (Cv) are determined by calculations derived from the phonon density of states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tarekuzzaman
- Materials Research and Simulation Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Hasin Ishraq
- Materials Research and Simulation Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Department of Physics, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Zillur Rahman
- Materials Research and Simulation Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mist Shamima Akter
- Materials Research and Simulation Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sumaya Abedin
- Materials Research and Simulation Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M A Rayhan
- Department of Arts and Sciences, Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology, Nilphamari, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rasheduzzaman
- Materials Research and Simulation Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M Moazzam Hossen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zahid Hasan
- Materials Research and Simulation Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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Marchenkov VV, Irkhin VY. Magnetic States and Electronic Properties of Manganese-Based Intermetallic Compounds Mn 2YAl and Mn 3Z ( Y = V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni; Z = Al, Ge, Sn, Si, Pt). MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6351. [PMID: 37834488 PMCID: PMC10573737 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a brief review of experimental and theoretical papers on studies of electron transport and magnetic properties in manganese-based compounds Mn2YZ and Mn3Z (Y = V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, etc.; Z = Al, Ge, Sn, Si, Pt, etc.). It has been shown that in the electronic subsystem of Mn2YZ compounds, the states of a half-metallic ferromagnet and a spin gapless semiconductor can arise with the realization of various magnetic states, such as a ferromagnet, a compensated ferrimagnet, and a frustrated antiferromagnet. Binary compounds of Mn3Z have the properties of a half-metallic ferromagnet and a topological semimetal with a large anomalous Hall effect, spin Hall effect, spin Nernst effect, and thermal Hall effect. Their magnetic states are also very diverse: from a ferrimagnet and an antiferromagnet to a compensated ferrimagnet and a frustrated antiferromagnet, as well as an antiferromagnet with a kagome-type lattice. It has been demonstrated that the electronic and magnetic properties of such materials are very sensitive to external influences (temperature, magnetic field, external pressure), as well as the processing method (cast, rapidly quenched, nanostructured, etc.). Knowledge of the regularities in the behavior of the electronic and magnetic characteristics of Mn2YAl and Mn3Z compounds can be used for applications in micro- and nanoelectronics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav V. Marchenkov
- Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia;
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Salaheldeen M, Wederni A, Ipatov M, Zhukova V, Zhukov A. Carbon-Doped Co 2MnSi Heusler Alloy Microwires with Improved Thermal Characteristics of Magnetization for Multifunctional Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5333. [PMID: 37570037 PMCID: PMC10419722 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, we illustrate the effect of adding a small amount of carbon to very common Co2MnSi Heusler alloy-based glass-coated microwires. A significant change in the magnetic and structure structural properties was observed for the new alloy Co2MnSiC compared to the Co2MnSi alloy. Magneto-structural investigations were performed to clarify the main physical parameters, i.e., structural and magnetic parameters, at a wide range of measuring temperatures. The XRD analysis illustrated the well-defined crystalline structure with average grain size (Dg = 29.16 nm) and a uniform cubic structure with A2 type compared to the mixed L21 and B2 cubic structures for Co2MnSi-based glass-coated microwires. The magnetic behavior was investigated at a temperature range of 5 to 300 K and under an applied external magnetic field (50 Oe to 20 kOe). The thermomagnetic behavior of Co2MnSiC glass-coated microwires shows a perfectly stable behavior for a temperature range from 300 K to 5 K. By studying the field cooling (FC) and field heating (FH) magnetization curves at a wide range of applied external magnetic fields, we detected a critical magnetic field (H = 1 kOe) where FC and FH curves have a stable magnetic behavior for the Co2MnSiC sample; such stability was not found in the Co2MnSi sample. We proposed a phenomenal expression to estimate the magnetization thermal stability, ΔM (%), of FC and FH magnetization curves, and the maximum value was detected at the critical magnetic field where ΔM (%) ≈ 98%. The promising magnetic stability of Co2MnSiC glass-coated microwires with temperature is due to the changing of the microstructure induced by the addition of carbon, as the A2-type structure shows a unique stability in response to variation in the temperature and the external magnetic field. In addition, a unique internal mechanical stress was induced during the fabrication process and played a role in controlling magnetic behavior with the temperature and external magnetic field. The obtained results make Co2MnSiC a promising candidate for magnetic sensing devices based on Heusler glass-coated microwires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salaheldeen
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; (A.W.); (M.I.); (V.Z.)
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Asma Wederni
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; (A.W.); (M.I.); (V.Z.)
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mihail Ipatov
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; (A.W.); (M.I.); (V.Z.)
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Valentina Zhukova
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; (A.W.); (M.I.); (V.Z.)
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Arcady Zhukov
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain; (A.W.); (M.I.); (V.Z.)
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE—Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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Salaheldeen M, Wederni A, Ipatov M, Zhukova V, Lopez Anton R, Zhukov A. Enhancing the Squareness and Bi-Phase Magnetic Switching of Co 2FeSi Microwires for Sensing Application. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23115109. [PMID: 37299836 DOI: 10.3390/s23115109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the current study we have obtained Co2FeSi glass-coated microwires with different geometrical aspect ratios, ρ = d/Dtot (diameter of metallic nucleus, d and total diameter, Dtot). The structure and magnetic properties are investigated at a wide range of temperatures. XRD analysis illustrates a notable change in the microstructure by increasing the aspect ratio of Co2FeSi-glass-coated microwires. The amorphous structure is detected for the sample with the lowest aspect ratio (ρ = 0.23), whereas a growth of crystalline structure is observed in the other samples (aspect ratio ρ = 0.30 and 0.43). This change in the microstructure properties correlates with dramatic changing in magnetic properties. For the sample with the lowest ρ-ratio, non-perfect square loops are obtained with low normalized remanent magnetization. A notable enhancement in the squareness and coercivity are obtained by increasing ρ-ratio. Changing the internal stresses strongly affects the microstructure, resulting in a complex magnetic reversal process. The thermomagnetic curves show large irreversibility for the Co2FeSi with low ρ-ratio. Meanwhile, if we increase the ρ-ratio, the sample shows perfect ferromagnetic behavior without irreversibility. The current result illustrates the ability to control the microstructure and magnetic properties of Co2FeSi glass-coated microwires by changing only their geometric properties without performing any additional heat treatment. The modification of geometric parameters of Co2FeSi glass-coated microwires allows to obtain microwires that exhibit an unusual magnetization behavior that offers opportunities to understand the phenomena of various types of magnetic domain structures, which is essentially helpful for designing sensing devices based on thermal magnetization switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salaheldeen
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Asma Wederni
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mihail Ipatov
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Valentina Zhukova
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lopez Anton
- Department of Applied Physics, Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Arcady Zhukov
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics I, EIG, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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5
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Preparation and Magneto-Structural Investigation of Nanocrystalline CoMn-Based Heusler Alloy Glass-Coated Microwires. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10112248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have successfully fabricated nanocrystalline Co2MnSi Heusler alloy glass-coated microwires with a metallic nucleus diameter (dnuclei) 10.2 ± 0.1 μm and total diameter 22.2 ± 0.1 μm by the Taylor–Ulitovsky technique for the first time. Magnetic and structural investigations have been performed to clarify the basic magneto-structural properties of the Co2MnSi glass-coated microwires. XRD showed a well-defined crystalline structure with a lattice parameter a = 5.62 Å. The room temperature magnetic behavior showed a strong in-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy parallel to the microwire axis. The M-H loops showed unique thermal stability with temperature where the coercivity (Hc) and normalized magnetic remanence exhibited roughly stable tendency with temperature. Moreover, quite soft magnetic behavior has been observed with values of coercivity of the order of Hc = 7 ± 2 Oe. Zero field cooling and field cooling (ZFC-FC) magnetization curves displayed notable irreversible magnetic dependence, where a blocking temperature (TB = 150 K) has been observed. The internal stresses generated during the fabrication process induced a different magnetic phase and is responsible for the irreversibility behavior. Moreover, high Curie temperature has been reported (Tc ≈ 985 K) with unique magnetic behavior at a wide range of temperature and magnetic fields, making it a promising candidate in magnetic sensing and spintronic applications.
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Chatterjee S, Chatterjee S, Giri S, Majumdar S. Transport properties of Heusler compounds and alloys. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:013001. [PMID: 34521079 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac268c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heusler compounds are a large group of intermetallic compositions with versatile material properties. In recent times, they are found to be important for their practical applications in the fields of spintronics and shape memory effect. Interestingly, their physical properties can be easily tuned by varying the valence electron concentration through proper doping and substitution. Empirical laws concerning the valence electron concentration, such as Slater-Pauling or Hume-Rothery rules are found to be useful in predicting their electronic, magnetic and structural properties quite accurately. Electrical transport measurements are simple laboratory-based techniques to gather a handful of information on the electronic properties of metals and semiconductors. The present review aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the transport in 3dand 4dtransition metal-based bulk Heusler compositions. The main emphasis is given on resistivity, magnetoresistance, Hall effect, thermopower and spin-dependent transport in spintronics devices. The review primarily focuses on magnetic Heusler compounds and alloys, albeit it also addresses several non-magnetic materials showing superconductivity or large thermopower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehashish Chatterjee
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Souvik Chatterjee
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Saurav Giri
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Subham Majumdar
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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7
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Fujiwara H, Umetsu RY, Kuroda F, Miyawaki J, Kashiuchi T, Nishimoto K, Nagai K, Sekiyama A, Irizawa A, Takeda Y, Saitoh Y, Oguchi T, Harada Y, Suga S. Detecting halfmetallic electronic structures of spintronic materials in a magnetic field. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18654. [PMID: 34545160 PMCID: PMC8452713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Band-gap engineering is one of the fundamental techniques in semiconductor technology and also applicable in next generation spintronics using the spin degree of freedom. To fully utilize the spintronic materials, it is essential to optimize the spin-dependent electronic structures in the operando conditions by applying magnetic and/or electric fields. Here we present an advanced spectroscopic technique to probe the spin-polarized electronic structures by using magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) in resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering (RIXS) under an external magnetic field. Thanks to the spin-selective dipole-allowed transitions in RIXS-MCD, we have successfully demonstrated the direct evidence of the perfectly spin-polarized electronic structures for the prototypical halfmetallic Heusller alloy \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {Co}_2\hbox {MnSi}$$\end{document}Co2MnSi. RIXS-MCD is a promising tool to probe the spin-dependent carriers and band-gap induced in the buried magnetic layers in an element specific way under the operando conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fujiwara
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
| | - R Y Umetsu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.,Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.,Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - F Kuroda
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - J Miyawaki
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.,Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Synchrotron Light Source, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 6-6-11 Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - T Kashiuchi
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - K Nishimoto
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - K Nagai
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - A Sekiyama
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - A Irizawa
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Y Takeda
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Y Saitoh
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - T Oguchi
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan.,Center for Spintronics Research Network, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Y Harada
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.,Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - S Suga
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan.,Forschungszentrum Jülich, PGI-6, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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8
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Cui Z, Ding H, Feng Y. Investigation of the half-metallicity, magnetism and spin transport properties of double half-Heusler alloys Mn 2CoCrZ 2 (Z = P, As). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:17984-17991. [PMID: 34382633 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01579f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new subfamily of Heusler alloys, i.e. double half-Heusler alloys Mn2CoCrZ2 (Z = P, As), are investigated by employing density functional theory combined with the nonequilibrium Green's function. The calculations of their magnetic properties reveal that Mn2CoCrZ2 (Z = P, As) are half-metallic ferrimagnets. Mn2CoCrP2 possesses an indirect spin-down bandgap of 0.671 eV and maintains half-metallicity with the lattice constant ratio c/a ranging from 1.72 to 2.40, while Mn2CoCrAs2 owns a direct spin-down bandgap of 0.993 eV and maintains half-metallicity with c/a ranging from 1.5 to 2.5. By employing Mn2CoCrZ2 as the electrodes and GaAs as the tunnel barrier, two kinds of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are constructed. When two electrodes of MTJs are in parallel magnetic configuration, the spin-up electrons have strong transmission ability, while the transmission ability of spin-down electrons is severely suppressed. When two electrodes of MTJs are in antiparallel magnetic configuration, the transmission ability of both spin-channel electrons is suppressed. The calculated tunnel magnetoresistance ratios of Mn2CoCrP2/GaAs/Mn2CoCrP2 and Mn2CoCrAs2/GaAs/Mn2CoCrAs2 MTJs reach up to 7.96 × 108 and 1.85 × 108, respectively, indicating that they are promising candidates for high performance spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Cui
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China.
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Elphick K, Frost W, Samiepour M, Kubota T, Takanashi K, Sukegawa H, Mitani S, Hirohata A. Heusler alloys for spintronic devices: review on recent development and future perspectives. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2021; 22:235-271. [PMID: 33828415 PMCID: PMC8009123 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2020.1812364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Heusler alloys are theoretically predicted to become half-metals at room temperature (RT). The advantages of using these alloys are good lattice matching with major substrates, high Curie temperature above RT and intermetallic controllability for spin density of states at the Fermi energy level. The alloys are categorised into half- and full-Heusler alloys depending upon the crystalline structures, each being discussed both experimentally and theoretically. Fundamental properties of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys are described. Both structural and magnetic characterisations on an atomic scale are typically carried out in order to prove the half-metallicity at RT. Atomic ordering in the films is directly observed by X-ray diffraction and is also indirectly probed via the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity. Element specific magnetic moments and spin polarisation of the Heusler alloy films are directly measured using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and Andreev reflection, respectively. By employing these ferromagnetic alloy films in a spintronic device, efficient spin injection into a non-magnetic material and large magnetoresistance are also discussed. Fundamental properties of antiferromagnetic Heusler alloys are then described. Both structural and magnetic characterisations on an atomic scale are shown. Atomic ordering in the Heusler alloy films is indirectly measured by the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity. Antiferromagnetic configurations are directly imaged by X-ray magnetic linear dichroism and polarised neutron reflection. The applications of the antiferromagnetic Heusler alloy films are also explained. The other non-magnetic Heusler alloys are listed. A brief summary is provided at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Elphick
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, UK
| | - William Frost
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, UK
| | - Marjan Samiepour
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, UK
- Seagate Technology,1 Disc Drive, Springtown Industrial Estate, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Takahide Kubota
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koki Takanashi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Core Research Cluster, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sukegawa
- Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Seiji Mitani
- Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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10
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Baharudin, N.-F. M., Malek, N. A., Zulkifli, N., Lani, R., Mawang, C. I., Hassandarvish, P., Khairat, J. E., Azman, A. S.. Cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract of Streptomyces sp. strain KSF 83 on growth of human breast and colon cancer cells. MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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11
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Chaudhuri S, Salas D, Srihari V, Welter E, Karaman I, Bhobe PA. Half metallicity in Cr substituted Fe 2TiSn. Sci Rep 2021; 11:524. [PMID: 33436754 PMCID: PMC7803981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Band structure tailoring has been a great avenue to achieve the half-metallic electronic ground state in materials. Applying this approach to the full Heusler alloy Fe2TiSn, Cr is introduced systematically at Ti site that conforms to the chemical formula \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\text{Fe}}_{2} {\text{Ti}}_{{1 - x}} {\text{Cr}}_{x}$$\end{document}Fe2Ti1-xCrxSn. Compositions so obtained have been investigated for its electronic, magnetic, and electrical transport properties with an aim to observe the half-metallic ferromagnetic ground state, anticipated theoretically for Fe2CrSn. Our experimental study using synchrotron X-ray diffraction reveals that only compositions with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$x \le$$\end{document}x≤ 0.25 yield phase pure L2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$_1$$\end{document}1 cubic structures. The non-magnetic ground state of Fe2TiSn gets dramatically affected upon inclusion of Cr giving rise to a localized magnetic moment in the background of Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida (RKKY) correlations. The ferromagnetic interactions begin to dominate for x = 0.25 composition. Results of its resistivity and magnetoresistance (MR) measurement point towards a half-metallic ground state. The calculation of exchange coupling parameter, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {J}_{{ij}}$$\end{document}Jij, and orbital projected density of states that indicate a change in hybridization between 3d and 5p orbital, support the observations made from the study of local crystal structure made using the extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Our findings here highlight an interesting prospect of finding half-metallicity via band structure tailoring for wide application in spintronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhuri
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - D Salas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - V Srihari
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - E Welter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron - A Research Centre of the Helmholtz Association, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - I Karaman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - P A Bhobe
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India.
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12
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Shao Q, Li P, Liu L, Yang H, Fukami S, Razavi A, Wu H, Wang K, Freimuth F, Mokrousov Y, Stiles MD, Emori S, Hoffmann A, Åkerman J, Roy K, Wang JP, Yang SH, Garello K, Zhang W. Roadmap of spin-orbit torques. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS 2021; 57:10.48550/arXiv.2104.11459. [PMID: 37057056 PMCID: PMC10091395 DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2104.11459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is an emerging technology that enables the efficient manipulation of spintronic devices. The initial processes of interest in SOTs involved electric fields, spin-orbit coupling, conduction electron spins and magnetization. More recently interest has grown to include a variety of other processes that include phonons, magnons, or heat. Over the past decade, many materials have been explored to achieve a larger SOT efficiency. Recently, holistic design to maximize the performance of SOT devices has extended material research from a nonmagnetic layer to a magnetic layer. The rapid development of SOT has spurred a variety of SOT-based applications. In this Roadmap paper, we first review the theories of SOTs by introducing the various mechanisms thought to generate or control SOTs, such as the spin Hall effect, the Rashba-Edelstein effect, the orbital Hall effect, thermal gradients, magnons, and strain effects. Then, we discuss the materials that enable these effects, including metals, metallic alloys, topological insulators, two-dimensional materials, and complex oxides. We also discuss the important roles in SOT devices of different types of magnetic layers, such as magnetic insulators, antiferromagnets, and ferrimagnets. Afterward, we discuss device applications utilizing SOTs. We discuss and compare three-terminal and two-terminal SOT-magnetoresistive random-access memories (MRAMs); we mention various schemes to eliminate the need for an external field. We provide technological application considerations for SOT-MRAM and give perspectives on SOT-based neuromorphic devices and circuits. In addition to SOT-MRAM, we present SOT-based spintronic terahertz generators, nano-oscillators, and domain wall and skyrmion racetrack memories. This paper aims to achieve a comprehensive review of SOT theory, materials, and applications, guiding future SOT development in both the academic and industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Shao
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University
| | - Luqiao Liu
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | - Hyunsoo Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore
| | - Shunsuke Fukami
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University
| | - Armin Razavi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | | | - Mark D Stiles
- Alternative Computing Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology
| | | | - Axel Hoffmann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | | | - Kaushik Roy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin Garello
- IMEC, Leuven, Belgium; CEA-Spintec, Grenoble, France
| | - Wei Zhang
- Physics Department, Oakland University
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13
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Kono T, Kakoki M, Yoshikawa T, Wang X, Goto K, Muro T, Umetsu RY, Kimura A. Visualizing Half-Metallic Bulk Band Structure with Multiple Weyl Cones of the Heusler Ferromagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:216403. [PMID: 33274987 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.216403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using a well-focused soft x-ray synchrotron radiation beam, angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy was applied to a full-Heusler-type Co_{2}MnGe alloy to elucidate its bulk band structure. A large parabolic band at the Brillouin zone center and several bands that cross the Fermi level near the Brillouin zone boundary were identified in line with the results from first-principles calculations. These Fermi-level crossings are ascribed to majority spin bands that are responsible for electron transport with extremely high spin polarization especially along the direction perpendicular to the interface of magnetoresistive devices. The spectroscopy confirms there is no contribution of the minority spin bands to the Fermi surface, signifying half-metallicity for the alloy. Furthermore, two topological Weyl cones with band crossing points were identified around the X point, yielding the conclusion that Co_{2}MnGe could exhibit topologically meaningful behavior such as large anomalous Hall and Nernst effects driven by the Berry flux in its half-metallic band structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kono
- Department of Physical Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kakoki
- Department of Physical Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yoshikawa
- Department of Physical Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Department of Physical Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kazuki Goto
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takayuki Muro
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Rie Y Umetsu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Akio Kimura
- Department of Physical Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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14
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Si J, Fan X, Wang E, Zhu X, Li Q, Wen HH. Decoupling of itinerant and localized d-orbital electrons in the compound Sc 0.5Zr 0.5Co. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:40LT01. [PMID: 32526713 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9bce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
By using the arc-melting method, we successfully synthesize the compound Sc0.5Zr0.5Co with the space group ofPm-3m. Both the resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal a phase transition at about 86 K. This transition might be attributed to the establishment of an antiferromagnetic order. The magnetization hysteresis loop measurements in wide temperature region show a weak ferromagnetic feature, which suggests a possible canted arrangement of the magnetic moments. Bounded by the phase transition temperature, the resistivity at ambient pressure shows a change from Fermi liquid behavior to a super-linear behavior as temperature increases. By applying pressure up to 32.1 GPa, the transition temperature does not show a clear change and no superconductivity is observed above 2 K. The density functional theory calculations simulate the antiferromagnetic order and reveal a gap between the spin-up and spin-down d-orbital electrons. This kind of behavior may suggest that the antiferromagnetic order in this compound originates from the localized d-electrons which do not contribute to the electric conduction. Thus the itinerant and localized d-orbital electrons in the compound are decoupled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Si
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Fan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Enyu Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyu Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Hu Wen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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15
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Guillemard C, Zhang W, Malinowski G, de Melo C, Gorchon J, Petit-Watelot S, Ghanbaja J, Mangin S, Le Fèvre P, Bertran F, Andrieu S. Engineering Co 2 MnAl x Si 1- x Heusler Compounds as a Model System to Correlate Spin Polarization, Intrinsic Gilbert Damping, and Ultrafast Demagnetization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1908357. [PMID: 32452576 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201908357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineering of magnetic materials for developing better spintronic applications relies on the control of two key parameters: the spin polarization and the Gilbert damping, responsible for the spin angular momentum dissipation. Both of them are expected to affect the ultrafast magnetization dynamics occurring on the femtosecond timescale. Here, engineered Co2 MnAlx Si1- x Heusler compounds are used to adjust the degree of spin polarization at the Fermi energy, P, from 60% to 100% and to investigate how they correlate with the damping. It is experimentally demonstrated that the damping decreases when increasing the spin polarization from 1.1 × 10-3 for Co2 MnAl with 63% spin polarization to an ultralow value of 4.6 × 10-4 for the half-metallic ferromagnet Co2 MnSi. This allows the investigation of the relation between these two parameters and the ultrafast demagnetization time characterizing the loss of magnetization occurring after femtosecond laser pulse excitation. The demagnetization time is observed to be inversely proportional to 1 - P and, as a consequence, to the magnetic damping, which can be attributed to the similarity of the spin angular momentum dissipation processes responsible for these two effects. Altogether, the high-quality Heusler compounds allow control over the band structure and therefore the channel for spin angular momentum dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Guillemard
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL-CNRS, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
| | - Gregory Malinowski
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
| | - Claudia de Melo
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
| | - Jon Gorchon
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
| | | | - Jaafar Ghanbaja
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
| | - Stéphane Mangin
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
| | - Patrick Le Fèvre
- Synchrotron SOLEIL-CNRS, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - Francois Bertran
- Synchrotron SOLEIL-CNRS, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - Stéphane Andrieu
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54500, France
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16
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Jena RP, Kumar D, Lakhani A. Scaling analysis of anomalous Hall resistivity in the Co 2TiAl Heusler alloy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:365703. [PMID: 32369785 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive magnetotransport study including resistivity (ρxx), isothermal magnetoresistance, Hall resistivity (ρxy) and magnetization have been carried out at different temperatures on the Co2TiAl Heusler alloy. Co2TiAl alloy shows a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic (FM) transition below the Curie temperature (TC) ∼ 125 K. In the FM region, resistivity and magnetoresistance reveal a spin flip electron-magnon scattering and the Hall resistivity unveils the anomalous Hall resistivity. Scaling of anomalous Hall resistivity with resistivity establishes the extrinsic scattering process responsible for the anomalous Hall resistivity; however skew scattering is the dominant mechanism compared to the side-jump contribution. A one to one correspondence between magnetoresistance and side-jump contribution to anomalous Hall resistivity verifies the electron-magnon scattering being the source of side-jump contribution to the anomalous Hall resistivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Prasad Jena
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Devi Ahilya University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452001, M.P., India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Devi Ahilya University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452001, M.P., India
| | - Archana Lakhani
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Devi Ahilya University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452001, M.P., India
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17
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Shi JL, Wang Y, Zhao XJ, Zhang YZ, Yuan S, Wei SH, Zhang DB. Strain induced spin-splitting and half-metallicity in antiferromagnetic bilayer silicene under bending. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11567-11571. [PMID: 32400823 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01350a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Searching for half-metals in low dimensional materials is not only of scientific importance, but also has important implications for the realization of spintronic devices on a small scale. In this work, we show theoretically that simple bending can induce spin-splitting in bilayer silicene. For bilayer silicene with Bernal stacking, the monolayer has a long range ferromagnetic spin order and between the two monolayers, the spin orders are opposite, giving rise to an antiferromagnetic configuration for the ground state of the bilayer silicene. Under bending, the antiferromagnetic spin order is retained but the energetic degeneracy of opposite spin states is lifted. Due to the unusual deformation potentials of the conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) as revealed by density-functional theory calculations and density-functional tight-binding calculations, this spin-splitting is nearly proportional to the degree of bending deformation. Consequently, the spin-splitting can be significant and the desired half-metallic state may emerge when the bending increases, which has been verified by direct simulation of the bent bilayer silicene using the generalized Bloch theorem. Our results hint that bilayer silicene may be an excellent candidate for half-metallicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lei Shi
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
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18
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Shi JL, Zhao XJ, Seifert G, Wei SH, Zhang DB. Unconventional deformation potential and half-metallicity in zigzag nanoribbons of 2D-Xenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:7294-7299. [PMID: 32211628 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06416h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Realization of half-metallicity (HM) in low dimensional materials is a fundamental challenge for nano spintronics and a critical component for developing alternative generations of information technology. Using first-principles calculations, we reveal an unconventional deformation potential for zigzag nanoribbons (NRs) of 2D-Xenes. Both the conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) of the edge states have negative deformation potentials. This unique property, combined with the localization and spin-polarization of the edge states, enables us to induce spin-splitting and HM using an inhomogeneous strain pattern, such as simple in-plane bending. Indeed, our calculation using the generalized Bloch theorem reveals the predicted HM in bent zigzag silicene NRs. Furthermore, the magnetic stability of the long range magnetic order for the spin-polarized edge states is maintained well against the bending deformation. These aspects indicate that it is a promising approach to realize HM in low dimensions with the zigzag 2D-Xene NRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lei Shi
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
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19
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Li S, Larionov KV, Popov ZI, Watanabe T, Amemiya K, Entani S, Avramov PV, Sakuraba Y, Naramoto H, Sorokin PB, Sakai S. Graphene/Half-Metallic Heusler Alloy: A Novel Heterostructure toward High-Performance Graphene Spintronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905734. [PMID: 31793057 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based vertical spin valves (SVs) are expected to offer a large magnetoresistance effect without impairing the electrical conductivity, which can pave the way for the next generation of high-speed and low-power-consumption storage and memory technologies. However, the graphene-based vertical SV has failed to prove its competence due to the lack of a graphene/ferromagnet heterostructure, which can provide highly efficient spin transport. Herein, the synthesis and spin-dependent electronic properties of a novel heterostructure consisting of single-layer graphene (SLG) and a half-metallic Co2 Fe(Ge0.5 Ga0.5 ) (CFGG) Heusler alloy ferromagnet are reported. The growth of high-quality SLG with complete coverage by ultrahigh-vacuum chemical vapor deposition on a magnetron-sputtered single-crystalline CFGG thin film is demonstrated. The quasi-free-standing nature of SLG and robust magnetism of CFGG at the SLG/CFGG interface are revealed through depth-resolved X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation results indicate that the inherent electronic properties of SLG and CFGG such as the linear Dirac band and half-metallic band structure are preserved in the vicinity of the interface. These exciting findings suggest that the SLG/CFGG heterostructure possesses distinctive advantages over other reported graphene/ferromagnet heterostructures, for realizing effective transport of highly spin-polarized electrons in graphene-based vertical SV and other advanced spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtian Li
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, 370-1292, Japan
- Advanced Study Laboratory, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
- Technological Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, 7a Centralnaya Street, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin V Larionov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4 Leninskiy prospect, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskii per, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Zakhar I Popov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4 Leninskiy prospect, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, 4 Kosygina st, Moscow, 119334, Russian Federation
| | - Takahiro Watanabe
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, 370-1292, Japan
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kenta Amemiya
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shiro Entani
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, 370-1292, Japan
- Advanced Study Laboratory, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Pavel V Avramov
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuya Sakuraba
- Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science NIMS, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Naramoto
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, 370-1292, Japan
| | - Pavel B Sorokin
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, 370-1292, Japan
- Advanced Study Laboratory, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4 Leninskiy prospect, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskii per, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Seiji Sakai
- Quantum Beam Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, 370-1292, Japan
- Advanced Study Laboratory, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology QST, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4 Leninskiy prospect, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
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20
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Wen Z, Qiu Z, Tölle S, Gorini C, Seki T, Hou D, Kubota T, Eckern U, Saitoh E, Takanashi K. Spin-charge conversion in NiMnSb Heusler alloy films. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw9337. [PMID: 31853493 PMCID: PMC6910839 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw9337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Half-metallic Heusler alloys are attracting considerable attention because of their unique half-metallic band structures, which exhibit high spin polarization and yield huge magnetoresistance ratios. Besides serving as ferromagnetic electrodes, Heusler alloys also have the potential to host spin-charge conversion. Here, we report on the spin-charge conversion effect in the prototypical Heusler alloy NiMnSb. An unusual charge signal was observed with a sign change at low temperature, which can be manipulated by film thickness and ordering structure. It is found that the spin-charge conversion has two contributions. First, the interfacial contribution causes a negative voltage signal, which is almost constant versus temperature. The second contribution is temperature dependent because it is dominated by minority states due to thermally excited magnons in the bulk part of the film. This work provides a pathway for the manipulation of spin-charge conversion in ferromagnetic metals by interface-bulk engineering for spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchao Wen
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 304-0047, Japan
| | - Zhiyong Qiu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Sebastian Tölle
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Cosimo Gorini
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Takeshi Seki
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Dazhi Hou
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takahide Kubota
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ulrich Eckern
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Eiji Saitoh
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Koki Takanashi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Core Research Cluster, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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21
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Ram M, Saxena A, Aly AE, Shankar A. Study of half metallicity, structural and mechanical properties in inverse Heusler alloy Mn 2ZnSi (1-x)Ge x and a superlattice. RSC Adv 2019; 9:36680-36689. [PMID: 35539039 PMCID: PMC9075135 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06903h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic and magnetic properties of Mn2ZnSi(1−x)Gex (x = 0.0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5, 0.625, 0.75, 0.875, and 1.0) inverse Heusler alloys and Mn2ZnSi/Mn2ZnGe superlattice have been investigated using first-principles calculations. All these alloys are stable in the fcc magnetic phase and satisfies the mechanical and thermal stability conditions as determined from the elastic constants and negative formation energy. The spin-polarized electronic band structures and the density of states indicate half-metallicity with 100% spin polarization at the Fermi energy level for x = 0.0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0, with the integral values of the total magnetic moments per formula unit at their equilibrium lattice constants, following the Slater–Pauling rule. The electronic properties and the magnetic moments are mostly contributed by two Mn atoms and are coupled anti-parallel to each other, making them ferrimagnetic in nature. The presence of the half-metallic bandgap with an antiparallel alignment of Mn atoms makes these Heusler alloys a potential candidate for spintronic applications. The electronic and magnetic properties of Mn2ZnSi(1−x)Gex (x = 0.0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5, 0.625, 0.75, 0.875, and 1.0) inverse Heusler alloys and Mn2ZnSi/Mn2ZnGe superlattice have been investigated using first-principles calculations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ram
- Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University Shillong India-793022 .,Condensed Matter Theory Research Lab, Department of Physics, Kurseong College Darjeeling Kurseong India-734203
| | - A Saxena
- Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University Shillong India-793022
| | - Abeer E Aly
- Basic Science Department, El Salam Institute for Engineering and Technology Cairo Egypt
| | - A Shankar
- Condensed Matter Theory Research Lab, Department of Physics, Kurseong College Darjeeling Kurseong India-734203
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22
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Negi DS, Datta R, Rusz J. Defect driven spin state transition and the existence of half-metallicity in CoO. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:115602. [PMID: 30625423 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aafd11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We unveil the native defect induced high spin to low spin state transition in [Formula: see text] and half-metallicity in CoO. First principles calculations unravel that, defect density holds a key role in dictating the spin-state transition in [Formula: see text] ion in CoO, and introducing the half-metallicity. Charge transfer in the vicinity of vacancy plane favors the stabilization and coexistence of bivalent [Formula: see text] and trivalent [Formula: see text] ion in CoO. We propose that defect engineering could serve as a route to design the half metallicity in transition metal mono-oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Singh Negi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, PO Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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23
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Dulal RP, Dahal BR, Forbes A, Bhattarai N, Pegg IL, Philip J. Weak localization and small anomalous Hall conductivity in ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Co 2TiGe. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3342. [PMID: 30833580 PMCID: PMC6399263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several cobalt-based Heusler alloys have been predicted to exhibit Weyl Semimetal behavior due to time reversal symmetry breaking. Co2TiGe is one of the predicted ferromagnetic Weyl semimetals. In this work, we report weak localization and small anomalous Hall conductivity in half-metallic Co2TiGe thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The longitudinal resistivity shows semimetallic behavior. Elaborate analysis of longitudinal magnetoconductance shows the presence of a weak localization quantum correction present even up to room temperature and reduction in dephasing length at lower temperature. Negative longitudinal magnetoresistance is observed from 5 to 300 K, but at 300 K magnetoresistance becomes positive above 0.5 T magnetic field. The anomalous Hall effect has been investigated in these thin films. The measured anomalous Hall conductivity decreases with increasing temperature, and a small anomalous Hall conductivity has been measured at various temperatures which may be arising due to both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra P Dulal
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
- The Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
| | - Bishnu R Dahal
- Department of Physics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Andrew Forbes
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
- The Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
| | - Niraj Bhattarai
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
- The Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
| | - Ian L Pegg
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
- The Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
| | - John Philip
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA.
- The Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA.
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24
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Prophet S, Dalal R, Kharel PR, Lukashev PV. Half-metallic surfaces in thin-film Ti 2MnAl 0.5Sn 0.5. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:055801. [PMID: 30524036 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaf343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Materials exhibiting a high degree of spin polarization in electron transport are in demand for applications in spintronics-an emerging technology utilizing a spin degree of freedom in electronic devices. Room-temperature half-metals are considered ideal candidates, as they behave as an insulator for one spin channel and as a conductor for the other spin channel. In addition, for nano-size devices, one has to take into account possible modification of electronic structure in thin-film geometry, due to the potential presence of surface/interface states. It has been shown that typically these states have a detrimental impact on half-metallicity, i.e. their presence results in reduced spin-polarization. Here, we employ density functional calculations to explore an inverse Heusler compound, Ti2MnAl0.5Sn0.5, which exhibits half-metallic electronic structure in bulk geometry. In particular, this material behaves as a regular metal for majority-spin, and as a semiconductor for minority-spin states. We show that in thin-film geometry, the type of termination surface has a decisive effect on half-metallicity of this material. In particular, we analyze six possible termination configurations, and show that for four of them, energy states emerge in the minority-spin band gap, significantly reducing the spin polarization of Ti2MnAl0.5Sn0.5. At the same time, our calculations indicate that two termination surfaces preserve half-metallic properties of this material. This result is somewhat unexpected, as most of the available literature reports reduction of the spin-polarization due to the presence of surface states. Thus, our results show that a judicious choice of the termination surface may be a crucial factor in nano-device applications, where highly spin-polarized current is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Prophet
- Department of Physics, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614, United States of America
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25
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Magnetic Properties and Carrier Transport of Ir 0.9Mn 1-xSn 1.1+x. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12020283. [PMID: 30654575 PMCID: PMC6356390 DOI: 10.3390/ma12020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The nonstoichiometric Ir0.9Mn1−xSn1.1+x (x = 0.1, 0.05, and −0.05) are crystallized in half-Heusler alloys. The magnetic transition is observed at 77 K for x = 1.05, and it decreases with the decreasing Mn content. It is proven to be a ferromagnetic transition with a nonlinear magnetic moment alignment, as the magnetization is not saturated at 70 kOe. The different magnetic behavior than a typical ferromagnet (FM is due to the Ir ions with strong spin orbital coupling (SOC). The different hysteresis loops reflect that the ionic distribution is not completely homogeneous. The high coercivity observed in the cubic compound is due to the strong single-ion anisotropy of the Ir ions. A metallic-semiconducting transition at 130 K is observed in Ir0.9Mn1.05Sn1.05. A negative magnetoresistance is observed at 2 K and 14 T with the value as −2.6%.
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26
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Spin Gapless Semiconductor–Nonmagnetic Semiconductor Transitions in Fe-Doped Ti2CoSi: First-Principle Calculations. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8112200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Employing first-principle calculations, we investigated the influence of the impurity, Fe atom, on magnetism and electronic structures of Heusler compound Ti2CoSi, which is a spin gapless semiconductor (SGS). When the impurity, Fe atom, intervened, Ti2CoSi lost its SGS property. As TiA atoms (which locate at (0, 0, 0) site) are completely occupied by Fe, the compound converts to half-metallic ferromagnet (HMF) TiFeCoSi. During this SGS→HMF transition, the total magnetic moment linearly decreases as Fe concentration increases, following the Slate–Pauling rule well. When all Co atoms are substituted by Fe, the compound converts to nonmagnetic semiconductor Fe2TiSi. During this HMF→nonmagnetic semiconductor transition, when Fe concentration y ranges from y = 0.125 to y = 0.625, the magnetic moment of Fe atom is positive and linearly decreases, while those of impurity Fe and TiB (which locate at (0.25, 0.25, 0.25) site) are negative and linearly increase. When the impurity Fe concentration reaches up to y = 1, the magnetic moments of Ti, Fe, and Si return to zero, and the compound is a nonmagnetic semiconductor.
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27
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Chen T, Wang J, Cheng Z, Wang X, Chen H. Structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Mn xGa/Co 2MnSi (x = 1, 3) bilayers. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16530. [PMID: 30410085 PMCID: PMC6224613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Directly coupled hard and soft ferromagnets were popularly used as the hybridized electrodes to enhance tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio in the perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (pMTJ). In this paper, we employ the density functional theory (DFT) with general gradient approximation (GGA) to investigate the interfacial structure and magnetic behavior of tetragonal Heusler-type MnGa (MG)/L21-Co2MnSi (CMS) Heusler alloy bilayers with the MnGa being D022-MnGa alloy (Mn3Ga) and L10-MnGa alloy (MnGa). The MM-MS_B interface with the bridge (B) connection of MnMn termination (MM) of D022- and L10-MnGa layers to MnSi termination (MS) of CMS layers is found to be most stable in the energy point of view. Also, a strong antiferromagnetic coupling and relatively higher spin polarization can be observed in the MM-MS_B interface. Further, a remarkable potential difference to derive electrons to transfer from MG layer to CMS layer appears at the interface. These theoretical results indicate that the MG/CMS bilayers are promising candidates as coupled composites, and moreover, the D022-MG/CMS bilayer is better than L10-MG/CMS bilayer due to its larger spin polarization and built-in field at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhao Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxiang Cheng
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2500, Australia
| | - Xiaotian Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Pramanick S, Dutta P, Sannigrahi J, Mandal K, Bandyopadhyay S, Majumdar S, Chatterjee S. Metamagnetic transition and observation of spin-fluctuations in the antiferromagnetic Heusler compound Pd 2MnIn. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:405803. [PMID: 30160652 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaddd7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report detailed investigations on the structural, magnetic, magneto-transport and calorimetric aspects of a partially ordered Heusler compound Pd2MnIn. The sample shows antiferomagnetic (AFM) state below around 120 K, though positive paramagnetic Curie temperature signifies a complex magnetic ground state with the presence of both ferromagnetic (FM) and AFM correlations. A clear spin-flop type metamagnetic transition is observed as evident from the magnetization and resistivity data. However, non-saturation of magnetization even at 145 kOe of applied field implies that the high field state may be a spin canted state, originating from the enhanced FM correlations by field induced conduction electron spin polarization. The sample shows a profound quadratic temperature dependence of resistivity below about 20-25 K indicating a spin-fluctuation dominated low temperature region. Previous electronic structure calculations show the existence of a subtle balance between superexchange mediated AFM state and an RKKY (Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida) interaction mediated FM state in Pd2MnIn. Such competing AFM-FM correlations can be accounted for the observed spin fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pramanick
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
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29
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Battiato M, Minár J, Wang W, Ndiaye W, Richter MC, Heckmann O, Mariot JM, Parmigiani F, Hricovini K, Cacho C. Distinctive Picosecond Spin Polarization Dynamics in Bulk Half Metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:077205. [PMID: 30169049 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.077205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser excitations in half-metal (HM) compounds are theoretically predicted to induce an exotic picosecond spin dynamics. In particular, conversely to what is observed in conventional metals and semiconductors, the thermalization process in HMs leads to a long living partially thermalized configuration characterized by three Fermi-Dirac distributions for the minority, majority conduction, and majority valence electrons, respectively. Remarkably, these distributions have the same temperature but different chemical potentials. This unusual thermodynamic state is causing a persistent nonequilibrium spin polarization only well above the Fermi energy. Femtosecond spin dynamics experiments performed on Fe_{3}O_{4} by time- and spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy support our model. Furthermore, the spin polarization response proves to be very robust and it can be adopted to selectively test the bulk HM character in a wide range of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Battiato
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - J Minár
- New Technologies-Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - W Wang
- Department of Physics, Biology and Chemistry, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - W Ndiaye
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et des Surfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - M C Richter
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et des Surfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
- DRF, IRAMIS, SPEC-CNRS/UMR 3680, Bâtiment 772, L'Orme des Merisiers, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - O Heckmann
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et des Surfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
- DRF, IRAMIS, SPEC-CNRS/UMR 3680, Bâtiment 772, L'Orme des Merisiers, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J-M Mariot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS (UMR 7614), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Parmigiani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Italy
- International Faculty, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - K Hricovini
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et des Surfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
- DRF, IRAMIS, SPEC-CNRS/UMR 3680, Bâtiment 772, L'Orme des Merisiers, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - C Cacho
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
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30
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Interface Characterization of Current-Perpendicular-to-Plane Spin Valves Based on Spin Gapless Semiconductor Mn2CoAl. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8081348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Employing the first-principles calculations within density functional theory (DFT) combined with the nonequilibrium Green’s function, we investigated the interfacial electronic, magnetic, and spin transport properties of Mn2CoAl/Ag/Mn2CoAl current-perpendicular-to-plane spin valves (CPP-SV). Due to the interface rehybridization, the magnetic moment of the interface atom gets enhanced. Further analysis on electronic structures reveals that owing to the interface states, the interface spin polarization is decreased. The largest interface spin polarization (ISP) of 78% belongs to the MnCoT-terminated interface, and the ISP of the MnMnT1-terminated interface is also as high as 45%. The transmission curves of Mn2CoAl/Ag/Mn2CoAl reveal that the transmission coefficient at the Fermi level in the majority spin channel is much higher than that in the minority spin channel. Furthermore, the calculated magnetoresistance (MR) ratio of the MnCoT-terminated interface reaches up to 2886%, while that of the MnMnT1-terminated interface is only 330%. Therefore, Mn2CoAl/Ag/Mn2CoAl CPP-SV with an MnCo-terminated interface structure has a better application in a spintronics device.
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Zhang X, Xu H, Lai B, Lu Q, Lu X, Chen Y, Niu W, Gu C, Liu W, Wang X, Liu C, Nie Y, He L, Xu Y. Direct observation of high spin polarization in Co 2FeAl thin films. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8074. [PMID: 29795124 PMCID: PMC5966392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the Co2FeAl thin films with different thicknesses epitaxially grown on GaAs (001) by molecular beam epitaxy. The magnetic properties and spin polarization of the films were investigated by in-situ magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) measurement and spin-resolved angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (spin-ARPES) at 300 K, respectively. High spin polarization of 58% (±7%) was observed for the film with thickness of 21 unit cells (uc), for the first time. However, when the thickness decreases to 2.5 uc, the spin polarization falls to 29% (±2%) only. This change is also accompanied by a magnetic transition at 4 uc characterized by the MOKE intensity. Above it, the film's magnetization reaches the bulk value of 1000 emu/cm3. Our findings set a lower limit on the thickness of Co2FeAl films, which possesses both high spin polarization and large magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Huanfeng Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Bolin Lai
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiangsheng Lu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Xianyang Lu
- York-Nanjing Joint Centre (YNJC) for spintronics and nano engineering, Department of Electronics, The University of York, York, YO10 3DD, United Kingdom
| | - Yequan Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wei Niu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chenyi Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,York-Nanjing Joint Centre (YNJC) for spintronics and nano engineering, Department of Electronics, The University of York, York, YO10 3DD, United Kingdom
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yuefeng Nie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Liang He
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yongbing Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China. .,York-Nanjing Joint Centre (YNJC) for spintronics and nano engineering, Department of Electronics, The University of York, York, YO10 3DD, United Kingdom.
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32
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Hajiri T, Yoshida T, Filianina M, Jaiswal S, Borie B, Asano H, Zabel H, Kläui M. 45° sign switching of effective exchange bias due to competing anisotropies in fully epitaxial Co 3FeN/MnN bilayers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:015806. [PMID: 29205170 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa9ba7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report an unusual angular-dependent exchange bias effect in ferromagnet/antiferromagnet bilayers, where both ferromagnet and antiferromagnet are epitaxially grown. Numerical model calculations predict an approximately 45° period for the sign switching of the exchange-bias field, depending on the ratio between magnetocrystalline anisotropy and exchange-coupling constant. The switching of the sign is indicative of a competition between a fourfold magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the ferromagnet and a unidirectional anisotropy field of the exchange coupling. This predicted unusual angular-dependent exchange bias and its magnetization switching process are confirmed by measurements on fully epitaxial Co3FeN/MnN bilayers by longitudinal and transverse magneto-optic Kerr effect magnetometry. These results provide a deeper understanding of the exchange coupling phenomena in fully epitaxial bilayers with tailored materials and open up a complex switching energy landscape engineering by anisotropies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hajiri
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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33
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Design and Synthesis of an Artificial Perpendicular Hard Ferrimagnet with High Thermal and Magnetic Field Stabilities. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16990. [PMID: 29208959 PMCID: PMC5717302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of great fundamental and practical interest to develop effective means of modulating the magnetic hystereses of magnetic materials and their heterostructures. A notable example is the exchange bias (EB) effect between an antiferromagnet or ferrimagnet and a ferromagnet, which has been widely employed to manipulate magnetic anisotropy in spintronic devices and artificial magnets. Here, we report the design, synthesis and characterization of a synthetic perpendicularly-magnetized ferrimagnet based on [Mn2.9Ga/Co2MnSi]n superlattices, which attains thermal stability above 400 K and a coercive field up to 45 kOe through a mechanism of magnetic compensation. The structure is incorporated into a prototype Heusler alloy and MgO barrier based magnetic tunnel junction, which demonstrates high dynamic range linear field responses and an unusual in-plane EB effect. With increasing temperature, the coercive field reaches beyond 70 kOe at 400 K in this device due to the increasing degree of magnetic moment compensation in the superlattice. The results demonstrate that the compensation mechanism can be utilized to achieve simultaneous thermal robustness and high coercivity in realistic spintronic devices.
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34
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Bos JWG. Theoretical prediction of strain tuneable quaternary spintronic Heusler compounds. IUCRJ 2017; 4:712-713. [PMID: 29123671 PMCID: PMC5668854 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252517015299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heusler materials have attracted a large amount of attention in the development of spintronic technologies. In this issue, Wang et al. [IUCrJ (2017), 4, 758-768] show how strain can be used to tune the band structure of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Willem G. Bos
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Energy Storage and Recovery, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
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35
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Rozhkov AV, Rakhmanov AL, Sboychakov AO, Kugel KI, Nori F. Spin-Valley Half-Metal as a Prospective Material for Spin Valleytronics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:107601. [PMID: 28949193 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.107601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Half-metallicity (full spin polarization of the Fermi surface) usually occurs in strongly correlated electron systems. We demonstrate that doping a spin-density wave insulator in the weak-coupling regime may also stabilize half-metallic states. In the absence of doping, the spin-density wave is formed by four nested bands [i.e., each band is characterized by charge (electron or hole) and spin (up or down) labels]. Of these four bands, only two accumulate the charge carriers introduced by doping, forming a half-metallic two-valley Fermi surface. Depending on the parameters, the spin polarizations of the electronlike and holelike valleys may be either (i) parallel or (ii) antiparallel. The Fermi surface of (i) is fully spin polarized (similar to usual half-metals). Case (ii), referred to as "a spin-valley half-metal," corresponds to complete polarization with respect to the spin-valley operator. The properties of these states are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Rozhkov
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412 Russia
- Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudnyi 141700 Russia
| | - A L Rakhmanov
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412 Russia
- Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudnyi 141700 Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics, Moscow 127055 Russia
| | - A O Sboychakov
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412 Russia
| | - K I Kugel
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125412 Russia
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000 Russia
| | - Franco Nori
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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36
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Kumar H, Frey NC, Dong L, Anasori B, Gogotsi Y, Shenoy VB. Tunable Magnetism and Transport Properties in Nitride MXenes. ACS NANO 2017; 11:7648-7655. [PMID: 28558192 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials with intrinsic and robust ferromagnetism and half-metallicity are of great interest to explore the exciting physics and applications of nanoscale spintronic devices, but no such materials have been experimentally realized. In this study, we predict several M2NTx nitride MXene structures that display these characteristics based on a comprehensive study using a crystal field theory model and first-principles simulations. We demonstrate intrinsic ferromagnetism in Mn2NTx with different surface terminations (T = O, OH, and F), as well as in Ti2NO2 and Cr2NO2. High magnetic moments (up to 9 μB per unit cell), high Curie temperatures (1877 to 566 K), robust ferromagnetism, and intrinsic half-metallic transport behavior of these MXenes suggest that they are promising candidates for spintronic applications, which should stimulate interest in their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nathan C Frey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Babak Anasori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Vivek B Shenoy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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37
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Li Y, Liu GD, Wang XT, Liu EK, Xi XK, Wang WH, Wu GH, Dai XF. Half-metallicity of the bulk and (001) surface of NbFeCrAl and NbFeVGe Heusler compounds: a first-principles prediction. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05509a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using first-principles calculations based on density-functional theory, the structural, electronic and magnetic properties in the bulk and (001) surfaces of quaternary Heusler compounds NbFeCrAl and NbFeVGe are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
- State Key Laboratory for Magnetism
| | - G. D. Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - X. T. Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
| | - E. K. Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Magnetism
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - X. K. Xi
- State Key Laboratory for Magnetism
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - W. H. Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Magnetism
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - G. H. Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Magnetism
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - X. F. Dai
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Hebei University of Technology
- Tianjin 300130
- China
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38
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Chang G, Xu SY, Zheng H, Singh B, Hsu CH, Bian G, Alidoust N, Belopolski I, Sanchez DS, Zhang S, Lin H, Hasan MZ. Room-temperature magnetic topological Weyl fermion and nodal line semimetal states in half-metallic Heusler Co 2TiX (X=Si, Ge, or Sn). Sci Rep 2016; 6:38839. [PMID: 27974837 PMCID: PMC5156913 DOI: 10.1038/srep38839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Topological semimetals (TSMs) including Weyl semimetals and nodal-line semimetals are expected to open the next frontier of condensed matter and materials science. Although the first inversion breaking Weyl semimetal was recently discovered in TaAs, its magnetic counterparts, i.e., the time-reversal breaking Weyl and nodal line semimetals, remain elusive. They are predicted to exhibit exotic properties distinct from the inversion breaking TSMs including TaAs. In this paper, we identify the magnetic topological semimetal states in the ferromagnetic half-metal compounds Co2TiX (X = Si, Ge, or Sn) with Curie temperatures higher than 350 K. Our first-principles band structure calculations show that, in the absence of spin-orbit coupling, Co2TiX features three topological nodal lines. The inclusion of spin-orbit coupling gives rise to Weyl nodes, whose momentum space locations can be controlled as a function of the magnetization direction. Our results not only open the door for the experimental realization of topological semimetal states in magnetic materials at room temperature, but also suggest potential applications such as unusual anomalous Hall effect in engineered monolayers of the Co2TiX compounds at high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Chang
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore
117546
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore
117542
| | - Su-Yang Xu
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
| | - Hao Zheng
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
| | - Bahadur Singh
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore
117546
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore
117542
| | - Chuang-Han Hsu
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore
117546
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore
117542
| | - Guang Bian
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
| | - Nasser Alidoust
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
| | - Ilya Belopolski
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
| | - Daniel S. Sanchez
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
| | - Songtian Zhang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
| | - Hsin Lin
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore
117546
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore
117542
| | - M. Zahid Hasan
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, USA
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39
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del Castillo E, Achilli S, Cargnoni F, Ceresoli D, Soave R, Trioni MI. Spin-filtering in graphene junctions with Ti and Co adsorbates. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Singh S, Caron L, D'Souza SW, Fichtner T, Porcari G, Fabbrici S, Shekhar C, Chadov S, Solzi M, Felser C. Large Magnetization and Reversible Magnetocaloric Effect at the Second-Order Magnetic Transition in Heusler Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3321-3325. [PMID: 26928954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to rare-earth-based materials, cheaper and more environmentally friendly candidates for cooling applications are found within the family of Ni-Mn Heusler alloys. Initial interest in these materials is focused on the first-order magnetostructural transitions. However, large hysteresis makes a magnetocaloric cycle irreversible. Alternatively, here it is shown how the Heusler family can be used to optimize reversible second-order magnetic phase transitions for magnetocaloric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
| | - Luana Caron
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
| | - Sunil Wilfred D'Souza
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
| | - Tina Fichtner
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
| | - Giacomo Porcari
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Parma University, Viale G.P., Usberti n.7/A (Parco Area delle Scienze), 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Fabbrici
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Chandra Shekhar
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
| | - Stanislav Chadov
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
| | - Massimo Solzi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Parma University, Viale G.P., Usberti n.7/A (Parco Area delle Scienze), 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, Dresden, 01187, Germany
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41
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Rai HM, Saxena SK, Mishra V, Late R, Kumar R, Sagdeo PR, Jaiswal NK, Srivastava P. Possibility of spin-polarized transport in edge fluorinated armchair boron nitride nanoribbons. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21832b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calculated DOS for edge-fluorinated. ABNNRs; featuring half-metallicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Mohan Rai
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Shailendra K. Saxena
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Vikash Mishra
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Ravikiran Late
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Pankaj R. Sagdeo
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Neeraj K. Jaiswal
- Discipline of Physics
- PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology
- Design and Manufacturing
- Jabalpur-482005
- India
| | - Pankaj Srivastava
- Computational Nanoscience and Technology Lab. (CNTL)
- ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management
- Gwalior-474015
- India
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42
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Fully epitaxial C1b-type NiMnSb half-Heusler alloy films for current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance devices with a Ag spacer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18387. [PMID: 26672482 PMCID: PMC4682095 DOI: 10.1038/srep18387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable magnetic and spin-dependent transport properties arise from well-designed spintronic materials and heterostructures. Half-metallic Heusler alloys with high spin polarization exhibit properties that are particularly advantageous for the development of high-performance spintronic devices. Here, we report fully (001)-epitaxial growth of a high-quality half-metallic NiMnSb half-Heusler alloy films, and their application to current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) devices with Ag spacer layers. Fully (001)-oriented NiMnSb epitaxial films with very flat surface and high magnetization were prepared on Cr/Ag-buffered MgO(001) single crystalline substrates by changing the substrate temperature. Epitaxial CPP-GMR devices using the NiMnSb films and a Ag spacer were fabricated, and room-temperature (RT) CPP-GMR ratios for the C1b-type half-Heusler alloy were determined for the first time. A CPP-GMR ratio of 8% (21%) at RT (4.2 K) was achieved in the fully epitaxial NiMnSb/Ag/NiMnSb structures. Furthermore, negative anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) ratio and small discrepancy of the AMR amplitudes between RT and 10 K were observed in a single epitaxial NiMnSb film, indicating robust bulk half metallicity against thermal fluctuation in the half-Heusler compound. The modest CPP-GMR ratios could be attributed to interface effects between NiMnSb and Ag. This work provides a pathway for engineering a new class of ordered alloy materials with particular emphasis on spintronics.
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43
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Huh Y, Kharel P, Nelson A, Shah VR, Pereiro J, Manchanda P, Kashyap A, Skomski R, Sellmyer DJ. Effect of Co substitution on the magnetic and electron-transport properties of Mn2PtSn. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:076002. [PMID: 25629641 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/7/076002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The structural, magnetic and electron-transport properties of Mn(2)Pt(1-x)Co(x)Sn(x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1) ribbons prepared by arc-melting and melt-spinning were investigated. The rapidly quenched alloys with x = 0 and 0.3 were found to crystallize in the inverse tetragonal structure, but the structure transformed into inverse cubic as x increased to 0.5. At room temperature, the samples are ferro or ferrimagnetic, and the Curie temperature increases by 225 K from 370 K for Mn(2)PtSn (x = 0) to 595 K for Mn(2)CoSn (x = 1). The measured anisotropy constants for the inverse-tetragonal alloys are on the order of 1 Merg cm(-3) at room temperature. The ribbons are moderately conducting with the room temperature resistivities being between 0.4 and 8.4 mΩ cm. Interestingly, the thermal coefficient of resistivity transforms from positive to negative and the magnetoresistance transforms from negative to positive as the value of x reaches 0.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huh
- Department of Physics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA. Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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44
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Fetzer R, Stadtmüller B, Ohdaira Y, Naganuma H, Oogane M, Ando Y, Taira T, Uemura T, Yamamoto M, Aeschlimann M, Cinchetti M. Probing the electronic and spintronic properties of buried interfaces by extremely low energy photoemission spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8537. [PMID: 25702631 PMCID: PMC4336933 DOI: 10.1038/srep08537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) is a powerful tool to study the electronic spin and symmetry features at both surfaces and interfaces to ultrathin top layers. However, the very low mean free path of the photoelectrons usually prevents a direct access to the properties of buried interfaces. The latter are of particular interest since they crucially influence the performance of spintronic devices like magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Here, we introduce spin-resolved extremely low energy photoemission spectroscopy (ELEPS) to provide a powerful way for overcoming this limitation. We apply ELEPS to the interface formed between the half-metallic Heusler compound Co2MnSi and the insulator MgO, prepared as in state-of-the-art Co2MnSi/MgO-based MTJs. The high accordance between the spintronic fingerprint of the free Co2MnSi surface and the Co2MnSi/MgO interface buried below up to 4 nm MgO provides clear evidence for the high interface sensitivity of ELEPS to buried interfaces. Although the absolute values of the interface spin polarization are well below 100%, the now accessible spin- and symmetry-resolved wave functions are in line with the predicted existence of non-collinear spin moments at the Co2MnSi/MgO interface, one of the mechanisms evoked to explain the controversially discussed performance loss of Heusler-based MTJs at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Fetzer
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Benjamin Stadtmüller
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Yusuke Ohdaira
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, aoba-yama 6-6-05, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Naganuma
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, aoba-yama 6-6-05, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Mikihiko Oogane
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, aoba-yama 6-6-05, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ando
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, aoba-yama 6-6-05, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Taira
- Division of Electronics for Informatics, Hokkaido University, Kita 14 Nishi 9, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Uemura
- Division of Electronics for Informatics, Hokkaido University, Kita 14 Nishi 9, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamamoto
- Division of Electronics for Informatics, Hokkaido University, Kita 14 Nishi 9, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
| | - Martin Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mirko Cinchetti
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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45
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Paul AK, Sarapulova A, Adler P, Reehuis M, Kanungo S, Mikhailova D, Schnelle W, Hu Z, Kuo C, Siruguri V, Rayaprol S, Soo Y, Yan B, Felser C, Hao Tjeng L, Jansen M. Magnetically Frustrated Double Perovskites: Synthesis, Structural Properties, and Magnetic Order of Sr2BOsO6(B= Y, In, Sc). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201400590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Karel J, Bernardi F, Wang C, Stinshoff R, Born NO, Ouardi S, Burkhardt U, Fecher GH, Felser C. Evidence for localized moment picture in Mn-based Heusler compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:31707-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04944j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Mn magnetic moment in positions with octahedral symmetry is localized and comprised completely by itinerant electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Karel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - F. Bernardi
- Departamento de Fisica
- Instituto de Fisica
- Universidade federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
- Porto Alegre
- Brasil
| | - C. Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - R. Stinshoff
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - N.-O. Born
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - S. Ouardi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - U. Burkhardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - G. H. Fecher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - C. Felser
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe
- Dresden
- Germany
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