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Giaccari C, Cecere F, Argenziano L, Pagano A, Riccio A. New insights into oocyte cytoplasmic lattice-associated proteins. Trends Genet 2024:S0168-9525(24)00149-5. [PMID: 38955588 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development are critical to successful pregnancy outcomes and the correct establishment and maintenance of genomic imprinting. Thanks to novel technologies and omics studies in human patients and mouse models, the importance of the proteins associated with the cytoplasmic lattices (CPLs), highly abundant structures found in the cytoplasm of mammalian oocytes and preimplantation embryos, in the maternal to zygotic transition is becoming increasingly evident. This review highlights the recent discoveries on the role of these proteins in protein storage and other oocyte cytoplasmic processes, epigenetic reprogramming, and zygotic genome activation (ZGA). A better comprehension of these events may significantly improve clinical diagnosis and pave the way for targeted interventions aiming to correct or mitigate female fertility issues and genomic imprinting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Giaccari
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesco Cecere
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Caserta, Italy
| | - Lucia Argenziano
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Pagano
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Caserta, Italy
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli,' Caserta, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB) 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso,' Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy.
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2
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Unoki M, Uemura S, Fujimoto A, Sasaki H. The maternal protein NLRP5 stabilizes UHRF1 in the cytoplasm: implication for the pathogenesis of multilocus imprinting disturbance. Hum Mol Genet 2024:ddae096. [PMID: 38868925 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We have recently discovered that the so-called subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) proteins composing of cytoplasmic lattices are destabilized in Uhrf1 knockout murine fully grown oocytes (FGOs). Here we report that human UHRF1 interacts with human NLRP5 and OOEP, which are core components of the SCMC. Moreover, NLRP5 and OOEP interact with DPPA3, which is an essential factor for exporting UHRF1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in oocytes. We identify that NLRP5, not OOEP, stabilizes UHRF1 protein in the cytoplasm utilizing specifically engineered cell lines mimicking UHRF1 status in oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Further, UHRF1 is destabilized both in the cytoplasm and nucleus of Nlrp5 knockout murine FGOs. Since pathogenic variants of the SCMC components frequently cause multilocus imprinting disturbance and UHRF1 is essential for maintaining CpG methylation of imprinting control regions during preimplantation development, our results suggest possible pathogenesis behind the disease, which has been a long-standing mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoko Unoki
- Department of Human Genetics, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shuhei Uemura
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fujimoto
- Department of Human Genetics, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasaki
- Division of Epigenomics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Anvar Z, Jochum MD, Chakchouk I, Sharif M, Demond H, To AK, Kraushaar DC, Wan YW, Andrews S, Kelsey G, Veyver IB. Maternal loss-of-function of Nlrp2 results in failure of epigenetic reprogramming in mouse oocytes. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4457414. [PMID: 38883732 PMCID: PMC11177987 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4457414/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background NLRP2 belongs to the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) of mammalian oocytes and preimplantation embryos. This multiprotein complex, encoded by maternal-effect genes, plays a pivotal role in the zygote-to-embryo transition, early embryogenesis, and epigenetic (re)programming. The maternal inactivation of genes encoding SCMC proteins has been linked to infertility and subfertility in mice and humans. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for the diverse functions of the SCMC, particularly how this cytoplasmic structure influences DNA methylation, which is a nuclear process, are not fully understood. Results We undertook joint transcriptome and DNA methylome profiling of pre-ovulatory germinal-vesicle oocytes from Nlrp2-null, heterozygous (Het), and wild-type (WT) female mice. We identified numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Het and Nlrp2-null when compared to WT oocytes. The genes for several crucial factors involved in oocyte transcriptome modulation and epigenetic reprogramming, such as DNMT1, UHRF1, KDM1B and ZFP57 were overexpressed in Het and Nlrp2-null oocytes. Absence or reduction of Nlrp2, did not alter the distinctive global DNA methylation landscape of oocytes, including the bimodal pattern of the oocyte methylome. Additionally, although the methylation profile of germline differentially methylated regions (gDMRs) of imprinted genes was preserved in oocytes of Het and Nlrp2-null mice, we found altered methylation in oocytes of both genotypes at a small percentage of the oocyte-characteristic hyper- and hypomethylated domains. Through a tiling approach, we identified specific DNA methylation differences between the genotypes, with approximately 1.3% of examined tiles exhibiting differential methylation in Het and Nlrp2-null compared to WT oocytes. Conclusions Surprisingly, considering the well-known correlation between transcription and DNA methylation in developing oocytes, we observed no correlation between gene expression differences and gene-body DNA methylation differences in Nlrp2-null versus WT oocytes or Het versus WT oocytes. We therefore conclude that post-transcriptional changes in the stability of transcripts rather than altered transcription is primarily responsible for transcriptome differences in Nlrp2-null and Het oocytes.
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4
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Ye M, Reyes Palomares A, Iwarsson E, Oberg AS, Rodriguez-Wallberg KA. Imprinting disorders in children conceived with assisted reproductive technology in Sweden. Fertil Steril 2024:S0015-0282(24)00517-X. [PMID: 38825304 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.05.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) therapy for conception is associated with imprinting disorders in children and the impact of parental factors related to infertility. DESIGN A nationwide register-based cohort study. SETTING Swedish national registers and nationwide quality IVF register. PATIENT(S) All liveborn singletons in Sweden (N = 2,084,127) between 1997 and 2017 with follow-up to December 31, 2018. INTERVENTION(S) The use of specific methods implemented in ART. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The International Classification of Diseases version 10 was used to identify three distinct imprinting disorder groups: Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), and Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), as well as central precocious puberty. The Cox model combined with inverse probability treatment weights was used to estimate the weighted hazard ratio (wHR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), accounting for multiple confounders. RESULT(S) A total of 1,044 children were diagnosed with the disorders of interest, and 52 of them were conceived using ART therapy. The overall risk of being diagnosed with any of the studied imprinting disorders was elevated in children conceived using ART therapy compared with all other children (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.38-2.45). After adjusting for parental background factors, the association was partially attenuated (wHR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.97-2.32), but remained in the weighted comparison restricted to children of couples with known infertility (wHR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.05-2.21). For the specific diagnoses of PWS/SRS, and BWS compared with children of couples with known infertility, children conceived with ART therapy showed a small excess risk, which could not be distinguished from the null (wHR, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.93-2.62 and 1.80; 95% CI, 0.99-3.28, respectively). Further subgroup analysis showed that the combined use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and cryopreserved embryos was associated with a higher risk of both PWS/SRS (wHR, 4.60; 95% CI, 1.72-12.28) and BWS (wHR, 6.69; 95% CI, 2.09-21.45). The number of central precocious puberty cases in children conceived using ART therapy was too small (N = 3) to make any meaningful inference. CONCLUSION(S) The combined use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and cryopreserved embryos was associated with small elevated risks of PWS/SRS, and BWS in children, independent of parental factors related to infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujin Ye
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Erik Iwarsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna S Oberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenny A Rodriguez-Wallberg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Gynecology and Reproduction, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Sundaram B, Tweedell RE, Prasanth Kumar S, Kanneganti TD. The NLR family of innate immune and cell death sensors. Immunity 2024; 57:674-699. [PMID: 38599165 PMCID: PMC11112261 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, also known as nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs), are a family of cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that detect a wide variety of pathogenic and sterile triggers. Activation of specific NLRs initiates pro- or anti-inflammatory signaling cascades and the formation of inflammasomes-multi-protein complexes that induce caspase-1 activation to drive inflammatory cytokine maturation and lytic cell death, pyroptosis. Certain NLRs and inflammasomes act as integral components of larger cell death complexes-PANoptosomes-driving another form of lytic cell death, PANoptosis. Here, we review the current understanding of the evolution, structure, and function of NLRs in health and disease. We discuss the concept of NLR networks and their roles in driving cell death and immunity. An improved mechanistic understanding of NLRs may provide therapeutic strategies applicable across infectious and inflammatory diseases and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Sundaram
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Rebecca E Tweedell
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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Al-Sarraj Y, Taha RZ, Al-Dous E, Ahram D, Abbasi S, Abuazab E, Shaath H, Habbab W, Errafii K, Bejaoui Y, AlMotawa M, Khattab N, Aqel YA, Shalaby KE, Al-Ansari A, Kambouris M, Abouzohri A, Ghazal I, Tolfat M, Alshaban F, El-Shanti H, Albagha OME. The genetic landscape of autism spectrum disorder in the Middle Eastern population. Front Genet 2024; 15:1363849. [PMID: 38572415 PMCID: PMC10987745 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1363849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by aberrations in social interaction and communication associated with repetitive behaviors and interests, with strong clinical heterogeneity. Genetic factors play an important role in ASD, but about 75% of ASD cases have an undetermined genetic risk. Methods: We extensively investigated an ASD cohort made of 102 families from the Middle Eastern population of Qatar. First, we investigated the copy number variations (CNV) contribution using genome-wide SNP arrays. Next, we employed Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to identify de novo or inherited variants contributing to the ASD etiology and its associated comorbid conditions in families with complete trios (affected child and the parents). Results: Our analysis revealed 16 CNV regions located in genomic regions implicated in ASD. The analysis of the 88 ASD cases identified 41 genes in 39 ASD subjects with de novo (n = 24) or inherited variants (n = 22). We identified three novel de novo variants in new candidate genes for ASD (DTX4, ARMC6, and B3GNT3). Also, we have identified 15 de novo variants in genes that were previously implicated in ASD or related neurodevelopmental disorders (PHF21A, WASF1, TCF20, DEAF1, MED13, CREBBP, KDM6B, SMURF1, ADNP, CACNA1G, MYT1L, KIF13B, GRIA2, CHM, and KCNK9). Additionally, we defined eight novel recessive variants (RYR2, DNAH3, TSPYL2, UPF3B KDM5C, LYST, and WNK3), four of which were X-linked. Conclusion: Despite the ASD multifactorial etiology that hinders ASD genetic risk discovery, the number of identified novel or known putative ASD genetic variants was appreciable. Nevertheless, this study represents the first comprehensive characterization of ASD genetic risk in Qatar's Middle Eastern population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Al-Sarraj
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Qatar Genome Program, Qatar Foundation Research, Development and Innovation, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rowaida Z. Taha
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eman Al-Dous
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina Ahram
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA, United States
| | - Somayyeh Abbasi
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eman Abuazab
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hibah Shaath
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wesal Habbab
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yosra Bejaoui
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maryam AlMotawa
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Namat Khattab
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yasmin Abu Aqel
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karim E. Shalaby
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amina Al-Ansari
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marios Kambouris
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Department, Genetics Division, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adel Abouzohri
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Iman Ghazal
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Tolfat
- The Shafallah Center for Children with Special Needs, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fouad Alshaban
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem El-Shanti
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Omar M. E. Albagha
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Chi P, Ou G, Qin D, Han Z, Li J, Xiao Q, Gao Z, Xu C, Qi Q, Liu Q, Liu S, Li J, Guo L, Lu Y, Chen J, Wang X, Shi H, Li L, Deng D. Structural basis of the subcortical maternal complex and its implications in reproductive disorders. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:115-124. [PMID: 38177687 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01153-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) plays a crucial role in early embryonic development. Malfunction of SCMC leads to reproductive diseases in women. However, the molecular function and assembly basis for SCMC remain elusive. Here we reconstituted mouse SCMC and solved the structure at atomic resolution using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. The core complex of SCMC was formed by MATER, TLE6 and FLOPED, and MATER embraced TLE6 and FLOPED via its NACHT and LRR domains. Two core complexes further dimerize through interactions between two LRR domains of MATERs in vitro. FILIA integrates into SCMC by interacting with the carboxyl-terminal region of FLOPED. Zygotes from mice with Floped C-terminus truncation showed delayed development and resembled the phenotype of zygotes from Filia knockout mice. More importantly, the assembly of mouse SCMC was affected by corresponding clinical variants associated with female reproductive diseases and corresponded with a prediction based on the mouse SCMC structure. Our study paves the way for further investigations on SCMC functions during mammalian preimplantation embryonic development and reveals underlying causes of female reproductive diseases related to SCMC mutations, providing a new strategy for the diagnosis of female reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengliang Chi
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guojin Ou
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Laboratory, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Beijing Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Han
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingjie Xiao
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Beijing Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Qi
- Clinical Laboratory, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingting Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sibei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuechao Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Laboratory of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hubing Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Beijing Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Dong Deng
- Department of Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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8
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Zhang Y, Song Y, Zhang W, Xiao T, Peng H. Effect of NLR family pyrin domain containing 9 gene polymorphism on litter size in large white pigs. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4547-4552. [PMID: 36651576 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2166840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
NLR family pyrin domain containing 9 (NLRP9) is a mammalian reproduction-related gene. In this study, we researched the associations between polymorphisms located in the coding sequence (CDS) of the NLRP9 gene, and both the total number of piglets born per litter (TNB) and the number of piglets born alive per litter (NBA) in Canada Large White pigs (CLW). We detected a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within exon 3 (g.10910C > T). The allele frequencies at the NLRP9 locus were 0.474 for the C allele and 0.526 for the T allele. Three genotypes, CC, CT, and TT, occurred with frequencies of 0.216, 0.515, and 0.269, respectively. Sows with the CC genotype had the largest TNB and NBA, sows with TT had the smallest, and those with CT were in-between. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CC females grew faster than CT or TT females, and there was a significant relationship between NLRP9 polymorphism and the average daily gain (p < 0.05). Here, we provide the first evidence for a novel SNP in NLRP9 associated with litter size in CLW sows, which could be used as a genetic marker to improve litter size in pig breeding and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yongqi Song
- Ruzhou Vocational and Technical College, Ruzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenchang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tianfang Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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9
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Jentoft IMA, Bäuerlein FJB, Welp LM, Cooper BH, Petrovic A, So C, Penir SM, Politi AZ, Horokhovskyi Y, Takala I, Eckel H, Moltrecht R, Lénárt P, Cavazza T, Liepe J, Brose N, Urlaub H, Fernández-Busnadiego R, Schuh M. Mammalian oocytes store proteins for the early embryo on cytoplasmic lattices. Cell 2023; 186:5308-5327.e25. [PMID: 37922900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes are filled with poorly understood structures called cytoplasmic lattices. First discovered in the 1960s and speculated to correspond to mammalian yolk, ribosomal arrays, or intermediate filaments, their function has remained enigmatic to date. Here, we show that cytoplasmic lattices are sites where oocytes store essential proteins for early embryonic development. Using super-resolution light microscopy and cryoelectron tomography, we show that cytoplasmic lattices are composed of filaments with a high surface area, which contain PADI6 and subcortical maternal complex proteins. The lattices associate with many proteins critical for embryonic development, including proteins that control epigenetic reprogramming of the preimplantation embryo. Loss of cytoplasmic lattices by knocking out PADI6 or the subcortical maternal complex prevents the accumulation of these proteins and results in early embryonic arrest. Our work suggests that cytoplasmic lattices enrich maternally provided proteins to prevent their premature degradation and cellular activity, thereby enabling early mammalian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida M A Jentoft
- Department of Meiosis, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix J B Bäuerlein
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luisa M Welp
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin H Cooper
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Arsen Petrovic
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Chun So
- Department of Meiosis, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Mae Penir
- Department of Meiosis, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Antonio Z Politi
- Facility for Light Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yehor Horokhovskyi
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Iina Takala
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heike Eckel
- Kinderwunschzentrum Göttingen, 37081 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Peter Lénárt
- Facility for Light Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tommaso Cavazza
- Department of Meiosis, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juliane Liepe
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nils Brose
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Georg-August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Faculty of Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Melina Schuh
- Department of Meiosis, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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10
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Gkeka K, Symeonidis EN, Tsampoukas G, Moussa M, Issa H, Kontogianni E, Almusafer M, Katsouri A, Mykoniatis I, Dimitriadis F, Papatsoris A, Buchholz N. Recurrent miscarriage and male factor infertility: diagnostic and therapeutic implications. A narrative review. Cent European J Urol 2023; 76:336-346. [PMID: 38230311 PMCID: PMC10789276 DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2023.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recurrent miscarriage is defined as 2 or more failed clinical pregnancies, typically known as repeated pregnancy loss, occurring before 20 gestational weeks, and further categorized into primary and secondary types. It represents a common and distressing condition to deal with in the field of reproductive medicine, usually affecting <5% of couples, with up to 50% of cases lacking a clearly defined aetiology. The epidemiology also varies depending on maternal age. Remarkably, the situation significantly afflicts expecting parents, whereas maternal factors, such as age and previous pregnancy loss rate, are commonly reported as risk factors. Although previously underestimated, existing evidence suggests the male factor is a possible cause of recurrent pregnancy loss. Material and methods A non-systematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases for articles written in English investigating the possible association of the male factor in recurrent pregnancy loss. The eligible studies were synthesized in a narrative review format upon discussion and consensus among the authors after being previously independently assessed and selected. Results Lifestyle, obesity, genetic predisposition, chromosomal anomalies, endocrine dysfunction, anatomical abnormalities, immunological factors, infections, and oxidative stress can result in poor embryo development and recurrent miscarriage. Although professional organizations currently recognize male gender as a possible risk factor, specific recommendations on the diagnostic and therapeutic field are still lacking, and the condition necessitates a high level of suspicion and case-by-case management. Conclusions In this review, we delve deeper into the contribution of the male factor in the concept of recurrent miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiana Gkeka
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Evangelos N Symeonidis
- 1 Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsampoukas
- U-merge Scientific Office, U-merge Ltd., London-Athens-Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Urology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Moussa
- Department of Urology, Al Zahraa Hospital, University Medical Centre, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Issa
- Department of Urology, Al Zahraa Hospital, University Medical Centre, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Murtadha Almusafer
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Antigoni Katsouri
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Mykoniatis
- 1 Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fotios Dimitriadis
- 1 Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Papatsoris
- U-merge Scientific Office, U-merge Ltd., London-Athens-Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Noor Buchholz
- U-merge Scientific Office, U-merge Ltd., London-Athens-Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Chou WC, Jha S, Linhoff MW, Ting JPY. The NLR gene family: from discovery to present day. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:635-654. [PMID: 36973360 PMCID: PMC11171412 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00849-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian NLR gene family was first reported over 20 years ago, although several genes that were later grouped into the family were already known at that time. Although it is widely known that NLRs include inflammasome receptors and/or sensors that promote the maturation of caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-18 and gasdermin D to drive inflammation and cell death, the other functions of NLR family members are less well appreciated by the scientific community. Examples include MHC class II transactivator (CIITA), a master transcriptional activator of MHC class II genes, which was the first mammalian NBD-LRR-containing protein to be identified, and NLRC5, which regulates the expression of MHC class I genes. Other NLRs govern key inflammatory signalling pathways or interferon responses, and several NLR family members serve as negative regulators of innate immune responses. Multiple NLRs regulate the balance of cell death, cell survival, autophagy, mitophagy and even cellular metabolism. Perhaps the least discussed group of NLRs are those with functions in the mammalian reproductive system. The focus of this Review is to provide a synopsis of the NLR family, including both the intensively studied and the underappreciated members. We focus on the function, structure and disease relevance of NLRs and highlight issues that have received less attention in the NLR field. We hope this may serve as an impetus for future research on the conventional and non-conventional roles of NLRs within and beyond the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Michael W Linhoff
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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12
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Anvar Z, Chakchouk I, Sharif M, Mahadevan S, Nasiotis ET, Su L, Liu Z, Wan YW, Van den Veyver IB. Loss of the Maternal Effect Gene Nlrp2 Alters the Transcriptome of Ovulated Mouse Oocytes and Impacts Expression of Histone Demethylase KDM1B. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2780-2793. [PMID: 36976514 PMCID: PMC10524210 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) is a multiprotein complex in oocytes and preimplantation embryos that is encoded by maternal effect genes. The SCMC is essential for zygote-to-embryo transition, early embryogenesis, and critical zygotic cellular processes, including spindle positioning and symmetric division. Maternal deletion of Nlrp2, which encodes an SCMC protein, results in increased early embryonic loss and abnormal DNA methylation in embryos. We performed RNA sequencing on pools of meiosis II (MII) oocytes from wild-type and Nlrp2-null female mice that were isolated from cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) after ovarian stimulation. Using a mouse reference genome-based analysis, we found 231 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Nlrp2-null compared to WT oocytes (123 up- and 108 downregulated; adjusted p < 0.05). The upregulated genes include Kdm1b, a H3K4 histone demethylase required during oocyte development for the establishment of DNA methylation marks at CpG islands, including those at imprinted genes. The identified DEGs are enriched for processes involved in neurogenesis, gland morphogenesis, and protein metabolism and for post-translationally methylated proteins. When we compared our RNA sequencing data to an oocyte-specific reference transcriptome that contains many previously unannotated transcripts, we found 228 DEGs, including genes not identified with the first analysis. Interestingly, 68% and 56% of DEGs from the first and second analyses, respectively, overlap with oocyte-specific hyper- and hypomethylated domains. This study shows that there are substantial changes in the transcriptome of mouse MII oocytes from female mice with loss of function of Nlrp2, a maternal effect gene that encodes a member of the SCMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Anvar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Imen Chakchouk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Momal Sharif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sangeetha Mahadevan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eleni Theodora Nasiotis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhandong Liu
- Department of Pediatrics - Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ying-Wooi Wan
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Ignatia B Van den Veyver
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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13
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Kim HY, Shin CH, Shin CH, Ko JM. Uncovering the phenotypic consequences of multi-locus imprinting disturbances using genome-wide methylation analysis in genomic imprinting disorders. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290450. [PMID: 37594968 PMCID: PMC10437897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Imprinted genes are regulated by DNA methylation of imprinted differentially methylated regions (iDMRs). An increasing number of patients with congenital imprinting disorders (IDs) exhibit aberrant methylation at multiple imprinted loci, multi-locus imprinting disturbance (MLID). We examined MLID and its possible impact on clinical features in patients with IDs. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis (GWMA) using blood leukocyte DNA was performed on 13 patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), two patients with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), and four controls. HumanMethylation850 BeadChip analysis for 77 iDMRs (809 CpG sites) identified three patients with BWS and one patient with SRS showing additional hypomethylation, other than the disease-related iDMRs, suggestive of MLID. Two regions were aberrantly methylated in at least two patients with BWS showing MLID: PPIEL locus (chromosome 1: 39559298 to 39559744), and FAM50B locus (chromosome 6: 3849096 to 3849469). All patients with BWS- and SRS-MLID did not show any other clinical characteristics associated with additional involved iDMRs. Exome analysis in three patients with BWS who exhibited multiple hypomethylation did not identify any causative variant related to MLID. This study indicates that a genome-wide approach can unravel MLID in patients with an apparently isolated ID. Patients with MLID showed only clinical features related to the original IDs. Long-term follow-up studies in larger cohorts are warranted to evaluate any possible phenotypic consequences of other disturbed imprinted loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Shin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Division of Pediatric Orthopedics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Eggermann T, Monk D, de Nanclares GP, Kagami M, Giabicani E, Riccio A, Tümer Z, Kalish JM, Tauber M, Duis J, Weksberg R, Maher ER, Begemann M, Elbracht M. Imprinting disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:33. [PMID: 37386011 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Imprinting disorders (ImpDis) are congenital conditions that are characterized by disturbances of genomic imprinting. The most common individual ImpDis are Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Individual ImpDis have similar clinical features, such as growth disturbances and developmental delay, but the disorders are heterogeneous and the key clinical manifestations are often non-specific, rendering diagnosis difficult. Four types of genomic and imprinting defect (ImpDef) affecting differentially methylated regions (DMRs) can cause ImpDis. These defects affect the monoallelic and parent-of-origin-specific expression of imprinted genes. The regulation within DMRs as well as their functional consequences are mainly unknown, but functional cross-talk between imprinted genes and functional pathways has been identified, giving insight into the pathophysiology of ImpDefs. Treatment of ImpDis is symptomatic. Targeted therapies are lacking owing to the rarity of these disorders; however, personalized treatments are in development. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of ImpDis, and improving diagnosis and treatment of these disorders, requires a multidisciplinary approach with input from patient representatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - David Monk
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Guiomar Perez de Nanclares
- Rare Diseases Research Group, Molecular (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, Bioaraba Research Health Institute, Araba University Hospital-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eloïse Giabicani
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, APHP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Endocrinologie Moléculaire et Pathologies d'Empreinte, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maithé Tauber
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares PRADORT (syndrome de PRADer-Willi et autres Obésités Rares avec Troubles du comportement alimentaire), Hôpital des Enfants, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 - CNRS UMR5051 - Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Duis
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics and Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias Begemann
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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15
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Pfeifer GP, Szabó PE. The link between 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and DNA demethylation in early embryos. Epigenomics 2023; 15:335-339. [PMID: 37191057 PMCID: PMC10242432 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gerd P Pfeifer
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Piroska E Szabó
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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16
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Bilo L, Ochoa E, Lee S, Dey D, Kurth I, Kraft F, Rodger F, Docquier F, Toribio A, Bottolo L, Binder G, Fekete G, Elbracht M, Maher ER, Begemann M, Eggermann T. Molecular characterisation of 36 multilocus imprinting disturbance (MLID) patients: a comprehensive approach. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:35. [PMID: 36859312 PMCID: PMC9979536 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imprinting disorders (ImpDis) comprise diseases which are caused by aberrant regulation of monoallelically and parent-of-origin-dependent expressed genes. A characteristic molecular change in ImpDis patients is aberrant methylation signatures at disease-specific loci, without an obvious DNA change at the specific differentially methylated region (DMR). However, there is a growing number of reports on multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLIDs), i.e. aberrant methylation at different DMRs in the same patient. These MLIDs account for a significant number of patients with specific ImpDis, and several reports indicate a central role of pathogenic maternal effect variants in their aetiology by affecting the maturation of the oocyte and the early embryo. Though several studies on the prevalence and the molecular causes of MLID have been conducted, homogeneous datasets comprising both genomic and methylation data are still lacking. RESULTS Based on a cohort of 36 MLID patients, we here present both methylation data obtained from next-generation sequencing (NGS, ImprintSeq) approaches and whole-exome sequencing (WES). The compilation of methylation data did not reveal a disease-specific MLID episignature, and a predisposition for the phenotypic modification was not obvious as well. In fact, this lack of epigenotype-phenotype correlation might be related to the mosaic distribution of imprinting defects and their functional relevance in specific tissues. CONCLUSIONS Due to the higher sensitivity of NGS-based approaches, we suggest that ImprintSeq might be offered at reference centres in case of ImpDis patients with unusual phenotypes but MLID negative by conventional tests. By WES, additional MLID causes than the already known maternal effect variants could not be identified, neither in the patients nor in the maternal exomes. In cases with negative WES results, it is currently unclear to what extent either environmental factors or undetected genetic variants contribute to MLID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Bilo
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eguzkine Ochoa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Daniela Dey
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Florian Kraft
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fay Rodger
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory NGS Hub, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - France Docquier
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory NGS Hub, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Toribio
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stratified Medicine Core Laboratory NGS Hub, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leonardo Bottolo
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - Gerhard Binder
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children's Hospital, Universiy of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - György Fekete
- Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Matthias Begemann
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Human Genetics and Genome Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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17
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Carrasco-Wong I, González-Ortiz M, Araujo GG, Lima VV, Giachini FR, Stojanova J, Moller A, Martín SS, Escudero P, Damiano AE, Sosa-Macias M, Galaviz-Hernandez C, Teran E, Escudero C. The Placental Function Beyond Pregnancy: Insights from Latin America. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1428:287-307. [PMID: 37466779 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32554-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Currently, more than 100,000 papers had been published studying the placenta in both physiological and pathological contexts. However, relevant health conditions affecting placental function, mostly found in low-income countries, should be evaluated deeper. This review will raise some - of what we think necessary - points of discussion regarding challenging topics not fully understood, including the paternal versus maternal contribution on placental genes imprinting, placenta-brain communication, and some environmental conditions affecting the placenta. The discussions are parts of an international effort to fulfil some gaps observed in this area, and Latin-American research groups currently evaluate that.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Carrasco-Wong
- Cellular Signaling and Differentiation Laboratory (CSDL), School of Medical Technology, Medicine and Science Faculty, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo González-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Investigación Materno-Fetal (LIMaF), Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health), Chillan, Chile
| | - Gabriel Gomes Araujo
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, Brazil
| | - Victor V Lima
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Giachini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garcas, Brazil
| | - Jana Stojanova
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Studies (CIESAL), Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Alejandra Moller
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Sebastián San Martín
- Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health), Chillan, Chile
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Pablo Escudero
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Sebastian, Sede Concepcion, Chile
| | - Alicia E Damiano
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martha Sosa-Macias
- Genomics Academia, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CIIDIR Durango, Durango, Mexico
| | | | - Enrique Teran
- Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Escudero
- Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health), Chillan, Chile.
- Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bio-Bio, Chillan, Chile.
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18
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Dynamics of DNA hydroxymethylation and methylation during mouse embryonic and germline development. Nat Genet 2023; 55:130-143. [PMID: 36539615 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is involved in methylation reprogramming during early embryonic development. Yet, to what extent 5hmC participates in genome-wide methylation reprogramming remains largely unknown. Here, we characterize the 5hmC landscapes in mouse early embryos and germ cells with parental allele specificity. DNA hydroxymethylation was most strongly correlated with DNA demethylation as compared with de novo or maintenance methylation in zygotes, while 5hmC was targeted to particular de novo methylated sites in postimplantation epiblasts. Surprisingly, DNA replication was also required for 5hmC generation, especially in the female pronucleus. More strikingly, aberrant nuclear localization of Dnmt1/Uhrf1 in mouse zygotes due to maternal deficiency of Nlrp14 led to defects in DNA-replication-coupled passive demethylation and impaired 5hmC deposition, revealing the divergency between genome-wide 5-methylcytosine (5mC) maintenance and Tet-mediated oxidation. In summary, our work provides insights and a valuable resource for the study of epigenetic regulation in early embryo development.
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19
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Grolaux R, Hardy A, Olsen C, Van Dooren S, Smits G, Defrance M. Identification of differentially methylated regions in rare diseases from a single-patient perspective. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:174. [PMID: 36527161 PMCID: PMC9758859 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation (5-mC) is being widely recognized as an alternative in the detection of sequence variants in the diagnosis of some rare neurodevelopmental and imprinting disorders. Identification of alterations in DNA methylation plays an important role in the diagnosis and understanding of the etiology of those disorders. Canonical pipelines for the detection of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) usually rely on inter-group (e.g., case versus control) comparisons. However, these tools might perform suboptimally in the context of rare diseases and multilocus imprinting disturbances due to small cohort sizes and inter-patient heterogeneity. Therefore, there is a need to provide a simple but statistically robust pipeline for scientists and clinicians to perform differential methylation analyses at the single patient level as well as to evaluate how parameter fine-tuning may affect differentially methylated region detection. RESULT We implemented an improved statistical method to detect differentially methylated regions in correlated datasets based on the Z-score and empirical Brown aggregation methods from a single-patient perspective. To accurately assess the predictive power of our method, we generated semi-simulated data using a public control population of 521 samples and investigated how the size of the control population, methylation difference, and region size affect DMR detection. In addition, we validated the detection of methylation events in patients suffering from rare multi-locus imprinting disturbance and evaluated how this method could complement existing tools in the context of clinical diagnosis. CONCLUSION In this study, we present a robust statistical method to perform differential methylation analysis at the single patient level and describe its optimal parameters to increase DMRs identification performance. Finally, we show its diagnostic utility when applied to rare disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Grolaux
- grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexis Hardy
- grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catharina Olsen
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Brussels Interuniversity Genomics High Throughput Core (BRIGHTcore), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sonia Van Dooren
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Brussels Interuniversity Genomics High Throughput Core (BRIGHTcore), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Smits
- grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium ,grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Center of Human Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Defrance
- grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Mackay D, Bliek J, Kagami M, Tenorio-Castano J, Pereda A, Brioude F, Netchine I, Papingi D, de Franco E, Lever M, Sillibourne J, Lombardi P, Gaston V, Tauber M, Diene G, Bieth E, Fernandez L, Nevado J, Tümer Z, Riccio A, Maher ER, Beygo J, Tannorella P, Russo S, de Nanclares GP, Temple IK, Ogata T, Lapunzina P, Eggermann T. First step towards a consensus strategy for multi-locus diagnostic testing of imprinting disorders. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:143. [PMID: 36345041 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Imprinting disorders, which affect growth, development, metabolism and neoplasia risk, are caused by genetic or epigenetic changes to genes that are expressed from only one parental allele. Disease may result from changes in coding sequences, copy number changes, uniparental disomy or imprinting defects. Some imprinting disorders are clinically heterogeneous, some are associated with more than one imprinted locus, and some patients have alterations affecting multiple loci. Most imprinting disorders are diagnosed by stepwise analysis of gene dosage and methylation of single loci, but some laboratories assay a panel of loci associated with different imprinting disorders. We looked into the experience of several laboratories using single-locus and/or multi-locus diagnostic testing to explore how different testing strategies affect diagnostic outcomes and whether multi-locus testing has the potential to increase the diagnostic efficiency or reveal unforeseen diagnoses.
Results
We collected data from 11 laboratories in seven countries, involving 16,364 individuals and eight imprinting disorders. Among the 4721 individuals tested for the growth restriction disorder Silver–Russell syndrome, 731 had changes on chromosomes 7 and 11 classically associated with the disorder, but 115 had unexpected diagnoses that involved atypical molecular changes, imprinted loci on chromosomes other than 7 or 11 or multi-locus imprinting disorder. In a similar way, the molecular changes detected in Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome and other imprinting disorders depended on the testing strategies employed by the different laboratories.
Conclusions
Based on our findings, we discuss how multi-locus testing might optimise diagnosis for patients with classical and less familiar clinical imprinting disorders. Additionally, our compiled data reflect the daily life experiences of diagnostic laboratories, with a lower diagnostic yield than in clinically well-characterised cohorts, and illustrate the need for systematising clinical and molecular data.
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21
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Tong X, Jin J, Hu Z, Zhang Y, Fan HY, Zhang YL, Zhang S. Mutations in OOEP and NLRP5 identified in infertile patients with early embryonic arrest. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1909-1920. [PMID: 35946397 PMCID: PMC10087254 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), composed of several maternal-effect genes, is vital for the development of oocytes and early embryos. Variants of SCMC-encoding genes (NLRP2, NLRP5, TLE6, PADI6, and KHDC3L, but not OOEP and ZBED3) are associated with human oocyte maturation dysfunction, fertilization failure, and early embryonic arrest. In this study, we enrolled 118 Chinese patients who experienced recurrent preimplantation embryonic arrest during assisted reproductive technology treatments and performed whole-exome sequencing. We discovered compound heterozygous missense variants (c.110G>C and c.109C>G) in the OOEP gene in one patient who experienced recurrent preimplantation embryonic arrest. Arrested embryos from this affected patient were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing, which showed a downregulated transcriptome. In addition, six novel NLRP5 variants (c.971T>A, c.3341T>C, c.1575_1576delAG, c.1830_1831delGT, c.1202C>T, and c.2378T>G) were identified in four patients with arrested and severely fragmented embryos. These suspicious mutations were examined by in vitro studies in HEK293T cells. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence experiments showed that OOEP and partial NLRP5 mutations caused decreased protein levels. Our findings first demonstrated that biallelic variants in OOEP gene could also cause human early embryonic arrest, similar to other SCMC components. We expanded the genetic mutation spectrum of SCMC genes related to early embryogenesis in humans, especially early embryonic arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhanhong Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin-Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Solovova OA, Chernykh VB. Genetics of Oocyte Maturation Defects and Early Embryo Development Arrest. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1920. [PMID: 36360157 PMCID: PMC9689903 DOI: 10.3390/genes13111920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various pathogenic factors can lead to oogenesis failure and seriously affect both female reproductive health and fertility. Genetic factors play an important role in folliculogenesis and oocyte maturation but still need to be clarified. Oocyte maturation is a well-organized complex process, regulated by a large number of genes. Pathogenic variants in these genes as well as aneuploidy, defects in mitochondrial genome, and other genetic and epigenetic factors can result in unexplained infertility, early pregnancy loss, and recurrent failures of IVF/ICSI programs due to poor ovarian response to stimulation, oocyte maturation arrest, poor gamete quality, fertilization failure, or early embryonic developmental arrest. In this paper, we review the main genes, as well as provide a description of the defects in the mitochondrial genome, associated with female infertility.
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23
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Different Mechanisms Cause Hypomethylation of Both H19 and KCNQ1OT1 Imprinted Differentially Methylated Regions in Two Cases of Silver-Russell Syndrome Spectrum. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101875. [PMID: 36292759 PMCID: PMC9602374 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver–Russell syndrome is an imprinting disorder characterised by pre- and post-natal growth retardation and several heterogeneous molecular defects affecting different human genomic loci. In the majority of cases, the molecular defect is the loss of methylation (LOM) of the H19/IGF2 differentially methylated region (DMR, also known as IC1) at the telomeric domain of the 11p15.5 imprinted genes cluster, which causes the altered expression of the growth controlling genes, IGF2 and H19. Very rarely, the LOM also affects the KCNQ1OT1 DMR (also known as IC2) at the centromeric domain, resulting in an SRS phenotype by an unknown mechanism. In this study, we report on two cases with SRS features and a LOM of either IC1 and IC2. In one case, this rare and complex epimutation was secondary to a de novo mosaic in cis maternal duplication, involving the entire telomeric 11p15.5 domain and part of the centromeric domain but lacking CDKN1C. In the second case, neither the no 11p15.5 copy number variant nor the maternal-effect subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) variant were found to be associated with the epimutation, suggesting that it arose as a primary event. Our findings further add to the complexity of the molecular genetics of SRS and indicate how the LOM in both 11p15.5 DMRs may result from different molecular mechanisms.
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Guan Y, Gu Y, Li H, Liang B, Han C, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wei W, Ma Y. NLRP3 inflammasome activation mechanism and its role in autoimmune liver disease. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1577-1586. [PMID: 36148948 PMCID: PMC9828325 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein binding compound comprising NLRP3, connector protein ASC, and effector protein pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasome senses a danger signal from the host or pathogen, activated caspase-1 cleaves the precursors of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 into mature proinflammatory cytokines, simultaneously causing lysis via the pore-forming protein gasdermin D. This induction of cell inflammatory pyroptosis suggests that it is a key process in the innate immune response to pathogens or cellular stress. Recent studies have shown that NLRP3 inflammasome also plays an important role in regulating autoimmune liver diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosclerotic cholangitis. In this review, we summarize the structure, activation and modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, highlight the progress in research on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the occurrence and development of autoimmune liver diseases, and discuss potential strategies for targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Guan
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Yiyue Gu
- Department of Cardiologythe First People’s Hospital of XuzhouXuzhou221000China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Bo Liang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatologythe First Affiliated HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Chenchen Han
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-551-65161209; E-mail: (Y.M.) / E-mail: (W.W.) @ahmu.edu.cn
| | - Yang Ma
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-551-65161209; E-mail: (Y.M.) / E-mail: (W.W.) @ahmu.edu.cn
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25
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Adhikari D, Lee IW, Al-Zubaidi U, Liu J, Zhang QH, Yuen WS, He L, Winstanley Y, Sesaki H, Mann JR, Robker RL, Carroll J. Depletion of oocyte dynamin-related protein 1 shows maternal-effect abnormalities in embryonic development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl8070. [PMID: 35704569 PMCID: PMC9200162 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Eggs contain about 200,000 mitochondria that generate adenosine triphosphate and metabolites essential for oocyte development. Mitochondria also integrate metabolism and transcription via metabolites that regulate epigenetic modifiers, but there is no direct evidence linking oocyte mitochondrial function to the maternal epigenome and subsequent embryo development. Here, we have disrupted oocyte mitochondrial function via deletion of the mitochondrial fission factor Drp1. Fission-deficient oocytes exhibit a high frequency of failure in peri- and postimplantation development. This is associated with altered mitochondrial function, changes in the oocyte transcriptome and proteome, altered subcortical maternal complex, and a decrease in oocyte DNA methylation and H3K27me3. Transplanting pronuclei of fertilized Drp1 knockout oocytes to normal ooplasm fails to rescue embryonic lethality. We conclude that mitochondrial function plays a role in establishing the maternal epigenome, with serious consequences for embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Adhikari
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Corresponding author. (D.A.); (J.C.)
| | - In-won Lee
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Usama Al-Zubaidi
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Applied Embryology Department, High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Jun Liu
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Qing-Hua Zhang
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Wai Shan Yuen
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Likun He
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Yasmyn Winstanley
- School of Biomedicine, Discipline of Reproduction and Development, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe Street, 109 Hunterian, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Mann
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rebecca L. Robker
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - John Carroll
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Corresponding author. (D.A.); (J.C.)
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26
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Narusawa H, Sasaki S, Hara-Isono K, Matsubara K, Fukami M, Nagasaki K, Kagami M. A boy with overgrowth caused by multi-locus imprinting disturbance including hypomethylation of MEST:alt-TSS-DMR. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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Pignata L, Cecere F, Verma A, Hay Mele B, Monticelli M, Acurzio B, Giaccari C, Sparago A, Hernandez Mora JR, Monteagudo-Sánchez A, Esteller M, Pereda A, Tenorio-Castano J, Palumbo O, Carella M, Prontera P, Piscopo C, Accadia M, Lapunzina P, Cubellis MV, de Nanclares GP, Monk D, Riccio A, Cerrato F. Novel genetic variants of KHDC3L and other members of the subcortical maternal complex associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome or Pseudohypoparathyroidism 1B and multi-locus imprinting disturbances. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:71. [PMID: 35643636 PMCID: PMC9148495 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) and Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B (PHP1B) are imprinting disorders (ID) caused by deregulation of the imprinted gene clusters located at 11p15.5 and 20q13.32, respectively. In both of these diseases a subset of the patients is affected by multi-locus imprinting disturbances (MLID). In several families, MLID is associated with damaging variants of maternal-effect genes encoding protein components of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC). However, frequency, penetrance and recurrence risks of these variants are still undefined. In this study, we screened two cohorts of BWS patients and one cohort of PHP1B patients for the presence of MLID, and analysed the positive cases for the presence of maternal variants in the SCMC genes by whole exome-sequencing and in silico functional studies. RESULTS We identified 10 new cases of MLID associated with the clinical features of either BWS or PHP1B, in which segregate 13 maternal putatively damaging missense variants of the SCMC genes. The affected genes also included KHDC3L that has not been associated with MLID to date. Moreover, we highlight the possible relevance of relatively common variants in the aetiology of MLID. CONCLUSION Our data further add to the list of the SCMC components and maternal variants that are involved in MLID, as well as of the associated clinical phenotypes. Also, we propose that in addition to rare variants, common variants may play a role in the aetiology of MLID and imprinting disorders by exerting an additive effect in combination with rarer putatively damaging variants. These findings provide useful information for the molecular diagnosis and recurrence risk evaluation of MLID-associated IDs in genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pignata
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesco Cecere
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Ankit Verma
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Hay Mele
- Department of Biology, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Monticelli
- Department of Biology, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Basilia Acurzio
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Giaccari
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Sparago
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Jose Ramon Hernandez Mora
- Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program (PEBC), Imprinting and Cancer Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Monteagudo-Sánchez
- Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program (PEBC), Imprinting and Cancer Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukeamia Research Institute, Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Arrate Pereda
- Molecular (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, Rare Diseases Research Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Araba University Hospital-Txagorritxu, C/Jose Atxotegi s/n, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jair Tenorio-Castano
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, INGEMM-Idipaz, Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza", 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza", 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Paolo Prontera
- Medical Genetics Unit, University and Hospital of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmelo Piscopo
- Medical and Laboratory Genetics Unit, "Antonio Cardarelli" Hospital, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Accadia
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital "Cardinale G. Panico", 73039, Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, INGEMM-Idipaz, Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Guiomar Perez de Nanclares
- Molecular (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, Rare Diseases Research Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Araba University Hospital-Txagorritxu, C/Jose Atxotegi s/n, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - David Monk
- Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program (PEBC), Imprinting and Cancer Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Avinguda Granvia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TG, UK
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy.
| | - Flavia Cerrato
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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Challagundla N, Saha B, Agrawal-Rajput R. Insights into inflammasome regulation: cellular, molecular, and pathogenic control of inflammasome activation. Immunol Res 2022; 70:578-606. [PMID: 35610534 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of immune homeostasis is an intricate process wherein inflammasomes play a pivotal role by contributing to innate and adaptive immune responses. Inflammasomes are ensembles of adaptor proteins that can trigger a signal following innate sensing of pathogens or non-pathogens eventuating in the inductions of IL-1β and IL-18. These inflammatory cytokines substantially influence the antigen-presenting cell's costimulatory functions and T helper cell differentiation, contributing to adaptive immunity. As acute and chronic disease conditions may accompany parallel tissue damage, we analyze the critical role of extracellular factors such as cytokines, amyloids, cholesterol crystals, etc., intracellular metabolites, and signaling molecules regulating inflammasome activation/inhibition. We develop an operative framework for inflammasome function and regulation by host cell factors and pathogens. While inflammasomes influence the innate and adaptive immune components' interplay modulating the anti-pathogen adaptive immune response, pathogens may target inflammasome inhibition as a survival strategy. As trapped between health and diseases, inflammasomes serve as promising therapeutic targets and their modus operandi serves as a scientific rationale for devising better therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Challagundla
- Immunology lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Lab-5, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Reena Agrawal-Rajput
- Immunology lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India.
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P450 Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme (P450-SCC) Is an Ovarian Autoantigen in a Mouse Model for Autoimmune Oophoritis. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:2391-2400. [PMID: 35585293 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Steroid-producing cells contain key cytochrome P450 enzymes, such as side-chain cleavage (P450-SCC) and 17α-hydroxylase (17α-OH). They are required for steroid hormone synthesis and considered antigens associated with Addison's disease and autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). We studied an animal model for human autoimmune POI in mice with autoimmune oophoritis induced by neonatal thymectomy performed at day 3 (TX3). We previously identified an oocyte-specific protein as a major antigen inciting autoimmune oophoritis in mice. In this study, we characterized ovarian steroid-producing cell antigens. Using indirect immunofluorescence staining, we tested immune reactions in mouse ovarian and adrenal tissue sections with sera from TX3 female mice. More than half of the TX3 mice (8 of 15) produced antibodies reacting with both ovarian and adrenal steroid-producing cells, including some that reacted to oocytes as well. We produced recombinant proteins for the three key steroidogenic enzymes 17α-OH, P450-SSC, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and tested their immune reactions with individual mouse sera. By immunoblotting, all mouse sera that reacted with the steroid-producing cells (n = 8) were shown to react with the P450-SCC, but not with the 17α-OH or 3β-HSD recombinant proteins. The sham-operated mouse sera and TX3 mouse sera negative for steroid-producing cells did not react with the P450-SCC recombinant protein. Our findings indicate that the P450-SCC is a specific and unique major antigen within the ovarian steroid-producing cells. Given their similarity of predicted antigenicity, we assume that P450-SCC acts in human autoimmune POI as it does in mouse autoimmune oophoritis.
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Ongoing Challenges in the Diagnosis of 11p15.5-Associated Imprinting Disorders. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:263-272. [PMID: 35522427 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The overgrowth disorder Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and the growth restriction disorder Silver-Russell syndrome have been described as 'mirror' syndromes, in both their clinical features and molecular causes. Clinically, their nonspecific features, focused around continuous variables of atypical growth, make it hard to set diagnostic thresholds that are pragmatic without potentially excluding some cases. Molecularly, both are imprinting disorders, classically associated with 'opposite' genetic and epigenetic changes to genes on chromosome 11p15, but both are associated with somatic mosaicism as well as an increasing range of alternative (epi)genetic changes to other genes, which make molecular diagnosis an increasingly complex process. In this Current Opinion, we explore how the understanding of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Silver-Russell syndrome has evolved in recent years, stretching the canonical 'mirror' designations in different ways for the two disorders and how this is changing clinical and molecular diagnosis. We suggest some possible directions of travel toward more timely and stratified diagnosis, so that patients can access the early interventions that are so critical for good outcome.
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Tannorella P, Calzari L, Daolio C, Mainini E, Vimercati A, Gentilini D, Soli F, Pedrolli A, Bonati MT, Larizza L, Russo S. Germline variants in genes of the subcortical maternal complex and Multilocus Imprinting Disturbance are associated with miscarriage/infertility or Beckwith-Wiedemann progeny. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:43. [PMID: 35317853 PMCID: PMC8941822 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01262-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS, OMIM # 130650) is an imprinting disorder, associated with overgrowth and increased risk of embryonal tumors. Patients carrying hypomethylation in the KCNQ1OT1:TSS DMR (11p15.5) show MLID (Multilocus Imprinting Disturbance) upon epimutations at other imprinted regions. Few cases of BWS MLID’s mothers with biallelic pathogenetic variants in maternal effect genes, mainly components of the subcortical maternal complex, are reported. We describe two families, one with a history of conception difficulties with a novel homozygous nonsense NLRP2 variant and another experiencing 8 miscarriages with a compound heterozygous PADI6 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaola Tannorella
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Calzari
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ester Mainini
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vimercati
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Soli
- Medical Genetic Unit, S. Chiara Hospital APSS, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Maria Teresa Bonati
- Clinic of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Russo
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
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Eggermann T, Yapici E, Bliek J, Pereda A, Begemann M, Russo S, Tannorella P, Calzari L, de Nanclares GP, Lombardi P, Temple IK, Mackay D, Riccio A, Kagami M, Ogata T, Lapunzina P, Monk D, Maher ER, Tümer Z. Trans-acting genetic variants causing multilocus imprinting disturbance (MLID): common mechanisms and consequences. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:41. [PMID: 35296332 PMCID: PMC8928698 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imprinting disorders are a group of congenital diseases which are characterized by molecular alterations affecting differentially methylated regions (DMRs). To date, at least twelve imprinting disorders have been defined with overlapping but variable clinical features including growth and metabolic disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, abdominal wall defects and asymmetry. In general, a single specific DMR is affected in an individual with a given imprinting disorder, but there are a growing number of reports on individuals with so-called multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLID), where aberrant imprinting marks (most commonly loss of methylation) occur at multiple DMRs. However, as the literature is fragmented, we reviewed the molecular and clinical data of 55 previously reported or newly identified MLID families with putative pathogenic variants in maternal effect genes (NLRP2, NLRP5, NLRP7, KHDC3L, OOEP, PADI6) and in other candidate genes (ZFP57, ARID4A, ZAR1, UHRF1, ZNF445). RESULTS In 55 families, a total of 68 different candidate pathogenic variants were identified (7 in NLRP2, 16 in NLRP5, 7 in NLRP7, 17 in PADI6, 15 in ZFP57, and a single variant in each of the genes ARID4A, ZAR1, OOEP, UHRF1, KHDC3L and ZNF445). Clinical diagnoses of affected offspring included Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome spectrum, Silver-Russell syndrome spectrum, transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, or they were suspected for an imprinting disorder (undiagnosed). Some families had recurrent pregnancy loss. CONCLUSIONS Genomic maternal effect and foetal variants causing MLID allow insights into the mechanisms behind the imprinting cycle of life, and the spatial and temporal function of the different factors involved in oocyte maturation and early development. Further basic research together with identification of new MLID families will enable a better understanding of the link between the different reproductive issues such as recurrent miscarriages and preeclampsia in maternal effect variant carriers/families and aneuploidy and the MLID observed in the offsprings. The current knowledge can already be employed in reproductive and genetic counselling in specific situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Elzem Yapici
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jet Bliek
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Genome Diagnostics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arrate Pereda
- grid.468902.10000 0004 1773 0974Molecular (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Araba-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Alava Spain
| | - Matthias Begemann
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Silvia Russo
- grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierpaola Tannorella
- grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Calzari
- grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Guiomar Perez de Nanclares
- grid.468902.10000 0004 1773 0974Molecular (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Araba-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Alava Spain
| | - Paola Lombardi
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Genome Diagnostics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - I. Karen Temple
- grid.123047.30000000103590315Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK ,grid.430506.40000 0004 0465 4079Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Deborah Mackay
- grid.430506.40000 0004 0465 4079Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrea Riccio
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy ,grid.419869.b0000 0004 1758 2860Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ‘Adriano Buzzati–Traverso’ CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Masayo Kagami
- grid.63906.3a0000 0004 0377 2305Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Ohkura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- grid.413553.50000 0004 1772 534XDepartment of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan ,grid.505613.40000 0000 8937 6696Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- grid.81821.320000 0000 8970 9163CIBERER-ISCIII and INGEMM, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain ,ERN-Ithaca, European Reference Networks, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Monk
- grid.8273.e0000 0001 1092 7967School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Eamonn R. Maher
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK ,grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- grid.475435.4Department of Clinical Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Huang L, Wang Y, Lu F, Jin Q, Song G, Ji J, Luo L, Jin R, Tong X. Novel mutations in NLRP5 and PATL2 cause female infertility characterized by primarily oocyte maturation abnormality and consequent early embryonic arrest. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:711-718. [PMID: 35091966 PMCID: PMC8995404 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to identify the genetic causes of 12 women with primary infertility characterized by primarily oocyte maturation abnormality and consequent early embryonic arrest. METHODS Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on the probands, and the identified variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The pathogenicity of the identified variants on the protein was accessed in silico. And we used qRT-PCR to detect the possible effects of the novel mutation on the mRNA level of NLRP5. RESULTS A novel homozygous frameshift variant (p.V429Efs*30) in NLRP5 and compound heterozygous variants with a novel frameshift variant (p.A297Efs*20) and a recurrent variant (c. 223-14_223-2delCCCTCCTGTTCCA) in PATL2 were identified in two unrelated affected individuals. qRT-PCR showed an obvious decrease of the mutant NLRP5 mRNA. In addition, the truncated proteins of NLRP5 and PATL2 were predicted to be non-functional due to the deletion of the most or the whole region of the critical functional domain(s) respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study identified novel mutations in NLRP5 and PATL2, further expanding the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of both genes. This is the first report of the NLRP5 mutations that associates with oocyte maturation abnormality in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Fangting Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Qi Jin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Gaojie Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Jingjuan Ji
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Lihua Luo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Rentao Jin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
| | - Xianhong Tong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
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Bebbere D, Coticchio G, Borini A, Ledda S. Oocyte aging: looking beyond chromosome segregation errors. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:793-800. [PMID: 35212880 PMCID: PMC9051005 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The age-associated decline in female fertility is largely ascribable to a decrease in oocyte quality. This phenomenon is multifaceted and influenced by numerous interconnected maternal and environmental factors. An increase in the rate of meiotic errors is the major cause of the decline in oocyte developmental competence. However, abnormalities in the ooplasm accumulating with age - including altered metabolism, organelle dysfunction, and aberrant gene regulation - progressively undermine oocyte quality. Stockpiling of maternal macromolecules during folliculogenesis is crucial, as oocyte competence to achieve maturation, fertilization, and the earliest phases of embryo development occur in absence of transcription. At the same time, crucial remodeling of oocyte epigenetics during oogenesis is potentially exposed to interfering factors, such as assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) or environmental changes, whose impact may be enhanced by reproductive aging. As the effects of maternal aging on molecular mechanisms governing the function of the human oocyte remain poorly understood, studies in animal models are essential to deepen current understanding, with translational implications for human ARTs. The present mini review aims at offering an updated and consistent view of cytoplasmic alterations occurring in oocytes during aging, focusing particularly on gene and epigenetic regulation. Appreciation of these mechanisms could inspire solutions to mitigate/control the phenomenon, and thus benefit modern ARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bebbere
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | | | | | - Sergio Ledda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Abstract
Maternal effect genes (MEGs) encode factors (e.g., RNA) that are present in the oocyte and required for early embryonic development. Hence, while these genes and gene products are of maternal origin, their phenotypic consequences result from effects on the embryo. The first mammalian MEGs were identified in the mouse in 2000 and were associated with early embryonic loss in the offspring of homozygous null females. In humans, the first MEG was identified in 2006, in women who had experienced a range of adverse reproductive outcomes, including hydatidiform moles, spontaneous abortions, and stillbirths. Over 80 mammalian MEGs have subsequently been identified, including several that have been associated with phenotypes in humans. In general, pathogenic variants in MEGs or the absence of MEG products are associated with a spectrum of adverse outcomes, which in humans range from zygotic cleavage failure to offspring with multi-locus imprinting disorders. Although less established, there is also evidence that MEGs are associated with structural birth defects (e.g., craniofacial malformations, congenital heart defects). This review provides an updated summary of mammalian MEGs reported in the literature through early 2021, as well as an overview of the evidence for a link between MEGs and structural birth defects.
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36
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Anvar Z, Chakchouk I, Demond H, Sharif M, Kelsey G, Van den Veyver IB. DNA Methylation Dynamics in the Female Germline and Maternal-Effect Mutations That Disrupt Genomic Imprinting. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081214. [PMID: 34440388 PMCID: PMC8394515 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic marking process that results in the monoallelic expression of a subset of genes. Many of these ‘imprinted’ genes in mice and humans are involved in embryonic and extraembryonic growth and development, and some have life-long impacts on metabolism. During mammalian development, the genome undergoes waves of (re)programming of DNA methylation and other epigenetic marks. Disturbances in these events can cause imprinting disorders and compromise development. Multi-locus imprinting disturbance (MLID) is a condition by which imprinting defects touch more than one locus. Although most cases with MLID present with clinical features characteristic of one imprinting disorder. Imprinting defects also occur in ‘molar’ pregnancies-which are characterized by highly compromised embryonic development-and in other forms of reproductive compromise presenting clinically as infertility or early pregnancy loss. Pathogenic variants in some of the genes encoding proteins of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), a multi-protein complex in the mammalian oocyte, are responsible for a rare subgroup of moles, biparental complete hydatidiform mole (BiCHM), and other adverse reproductive outcomes which have been associated with altered imprinting status of the oocyte, embryo and/or placenta. The finding that defects in a cytoplasmic protein complex could have severe impacts on genomic methylation at critical times in gamete or early embryo development has wider implications beyond these relatively rare disorders. It signifies a potential for adverse maternal physiology, nutrition, or assisted reproduction to cause epigenetic defects at imprinted or other genes. Here, we review key milestones in DNA methylation patterning in the female germline and the embryo focusing on humans. We provide an overview of recent findings regarding DNA methylation deficits causing BiCHM, MLID, and early embryonic arrest. We also summarize identified SCMC mutations with regard to early embryonic arrest, BiCHM, and MLID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Anvar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.A.); (I.C.); (M.S.)
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Imen Chakchouk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.A.); (I.C.); (M.S.)
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hannah Demond
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK;
| | - Momal Sharif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.A.); (I.C.); (M.S.)
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gavin Kelsey
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK;
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (I.B.V.d.V.); Tel.: +44-1223-496332 (G.K.); +832-824-8125 (I.B.V.d.V.)
| | - Ignatia B. Van den Veyver
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.A.); (I.C.); (M.S.)
- Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (I.B.V.d.V.); Tel.: +44-1223-496332 (G.K.); +832-824-8125 (I.B.V.d.V.)
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Huang B, Zhao Y, Zhou L, Gong T, Feng J, Han P, Qian J. PADI6 Regulates Trophoblast Cell Migration-Invasion Through the Hippo/YAP1 Pathway in Hydatidiform Moles. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3489-3500. [PMID: 34326657 PMCID: PMC8314932 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s313422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Peptidyl arginine deiminase, type VI (PADI6), a member of the subcortical maternal complex, plays an important role in oocyte growth and the development of fertilized oocytes. Human patients with PADI6 mutations can suffer from multiple reproductive deficiencies including hydatidiform moles and miscarriages. Recent studies have demonstrated that the Hippo signaling pathway plays a central role in the specification of the first cell fates and the maintenance of the human placental trophoblast epithelium. The present study aimed to verify the hypothesis that PADI6 regulates the biological functions of trophoblast cells by targeting YAP1 and to explore the mechanism by which PADI6 accomplishes this in trophoblast cells. Methods Villi from HMs and human trophoblast cell lines were used to identify the localization of PADI6 and YAP1 by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry. PADI6 overexpression and knockdown were induced in human trophoblast cells. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to explore the interaction between PADI6 and YAP1. Wound healing, Transwell and EdU staining assays were used to detect migration, invasion and proliferation. Flow cytometric analysis was used to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis. β-Tubulin and F-actin levels were determined by Western blot, quantitative real-time PCR and phalloidin staining. Results The results showed that PADI6 and YAP1 had the same expression pattern in villi and colocalized in the cytotrophoblast. An interaction between PADI6 and YAP1 was also confirmed in human trophoblast cell lines. We found that PADI6 positively regulated the expression of YAP1. Functionally, overexpression of PADI6 promoted cell cycle progression and enhanced migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis, whereas downregulation of PADI6 showed the opposite effects. Conclusion This study demonstrates that YAP1 is a novel target of PADI6 that serves as an important regulator of trophoblast dysfunction. The crosstalk between the Hippo/YAP1 pathway and the SCMC might be a new topic to explore to uncover the pathological mechanisms of HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingyu Gong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilin Han
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Qian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, 310003, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Ochoa E. Alteration of Genomic Imprinting after Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Long-Term Health. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:728. [PMID: 34440472 PMCID: PMC8398258 DOI: 10.3390/life11080728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are the treatment of choice for some infertile couples and even though these procedures are generally considered safe, children conceived by ART have shown higher reported risks of some perinatal and postnatal complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and childhood cancer. In addition, the frequency of some congenital imprinting disorders, like Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome and Silver-Russell Syndrome, is higher than expected in the general population after ART. Experimental evidence from animal studies suggests that ART can induce stress in the embryo and influence gene expression and DNA methylation. Human epigenome studies have generally revealed an enrichment of alterations in imprinted regions in children conceived by ART, but no global methylation alterations. ART procedures occur simultaneously with the establishment and maintenance of imprinting during embryonic development, so this may underlie the apparent sensitivity of imprinted regions to ART. The impact in adulthood of imprinting alterations that occurred during early embryonic development is still unclear, but some experimental evidence in mice showed higher risk to obesity and cardiovascular disease after the restriction of some imprinted genes in early embryonic development. This supports the hypothesis that imprinting alterations in early development might induce epigenetic programming of metabolism and affect long-term health. Given the growing use of ART, it is important to determine the impact of ART in genomic imprinting and long-term health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eguzkine Ochoa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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Eggermann T. Maternal Effect Mutations: A Novel Cause for Human Reproductive Failure. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2021; 81:780-788. [PMID: 34294945 PMCID: PMC8288500 DOI: 10.1055/a-1396-4390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations significantly contribute to the aetiology of reproductive failure and comprise monogenic, chromosomal and epigenetic disturbances. The implementation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) based approaches in research and diagnostics allows the comprehensive analysis of these genetic causes, and the increasing detection rates of genetic mutations causing reproductive complications confirm the potential of the new techniques. Whereas mutations affecting the fetal genome are well known to affect pregnancies and their outcome, the contribution of alterations of the maternal genome was widely unclear. With the recent mainly NGS-based identification of maternal effect variants, a new cause of human reproductive failure has been identified. Maternal effect mutations affect the expression of subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) proteins from the maternal genome, and thereby disturb oocyte maturation and progression of the early embryo. They cause a broad range of reproductive failures and pregnancy complications, including infertility, miscarriages, hydatidiform moles, aneuploidies and imprinting disturbances in the fetus. The identification of women carrying these molecular alterations in SCMC encoding genes is therefore essential for a personalised reproductive and genetic counselling. The diagnostic application of new NGS-based assays allows the comprehensive analysis of these factors, and helps to further decipher these functional links between the factors and their disturbances. A close interdisciplinary collaboration between different disciplines is definitely required to further decipher the complex regulation of early embryo development, and to translate the basic research results into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Bebbere D, Albertini DF, Coticchio G, Borini A, Ledda S. The subcortical maternal complex: emerging roles and novel perspectives. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6311673. [PMID: 34191027 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its recent discovery, the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) is emerging as a maternally inherited and crucial biological structure for the initial stages of embryogenesis in mammals. Uniquely expressed in oocytes and preimplantation embryos, where it localizes to the cell subcortex, this multiprotein complex is essential for early embryo development in the mouse and is functionally conserved across mammalian species, including humans. The complex has been linked to key processes leading the transition from oocyte to embryo, including meiotic spindle formation and positioning, regulation of translation, organelle redistribution, and epigenetic reprogramming. Yet, the underlying molecular mechanisms for these diverse functions are just beginning to be understood, hindered by unresolved interplay of SCMC components and variations in early lethal phenotypes. Here we review recent advances confirming involvement of the SCMC in human infertility, revealing an unexpected relationship with offspring health. Moreover, SCMC organization is being further revealed in terms of novel components and interactions with additional cell constituents. Collectively, this evidence prompts new avenues of investigation into possible roles during the process of oogenesis and the regulation of maternal transcript turnover during the oocyte to embryo transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bebbere
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Sergio Ledda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Carriere J, Dorfleutner A, Stehlik C. NLRP7: From inflammasome regulation to human disease. Immunology 2021; 163:363-376. [PMID: 34021586 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing receptors or NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are cytosolic pattern recognition receptors, which sense conserved microbial patterns and host-derived danger signals to elicit innate immune responses. The activation of several prototypic NLRs, including NLR and pyrin domain (PYD) containing (NLRP) 1, NLRP3 and NLR and caspase recruitment domain (CARD) containing (NLRC) 4, results in the assembly of inflammasomes, which are large, cytoplasmic multiprotein signalling platforms responsible for the maturation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and for the induction of a specialized form of inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. However, the function of other members of the NLR family, including NLRP7, are less well understood. NLRP7 has been linked to innate immune signalling, but its precise role is still controversial as it has been shown to positively and negatively affect inflammasome responses. Inflammasomes are essential for homeostasis and host defence, but inappropriate inflammasome responses due to hereditary mutations and somatic mosaicism in inflammasome components and defective regulation have been linked to a broad spectrum of human diseases. A compelling connection between NLRP7 mutations and reproductive diseases, and in particular molar pregnancy, has been established. However, the molecular mechanisms by which NLRP7 mutations contribute to reproductive diseases are largely unknown. In this review, we focus on NLRP7 and discuss the current evidence of its role in inflammasome regulation and its implication in human reproductive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Carriere
- Department of Academic Pathology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Dorfleutner
- Department of Academic Pathology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christian Stehlik
- Department of Academic Pathology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Kagami M, Hara-Isono K, Matsubara K, Nakabayashi K, Narumi S, Fukami M, Ohkubo Y, Saitsu H, Takada S, Ogata T. ZNF445: a homozygous truncating variant in a patient with Temple syndrome and multilocus imprinting disturbance. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:119. [PMID: 34039421 PMCID: PMC8157728 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ZNF445, as well as ZFP57, is involved in the postfertilization methylation maintenance of multiple imprinting-associated differentially methylated regions (iDMRs). Thus, ZNF445 pathogenic variants are predicted to cause multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLIDs), as do ZFP57 pathogenic variants. In particular, the MEG3/DLK1:IG-DMR would be affected, because the postzygotic methylation imprint of the MEG3/DLK1:IG-DMR is maintained primarily by ZNF445, whereas that of most iDMRs is preserved by both ZFP57 and ZNF445 or primarily by ZFP57. Results We searched for a ZNF445 variant(s) in six patients with various imprinting disorders (IDs) caused by epimutations and MLIDs revealed by pyrosequencing for nine iDMRs, without a selection for the original IDs. Re-analysis of the previously obtained whole exome sequencing data identified a homozygous ZNF445 variant (NM_181489.6:c.2803C>T:p.(Gln935*)) producing a truncated protein missing two of 14 zinc finger domains in a patient with Temple syndrome and MLID. In this patient, array-based genomewide methylation analysis revealed severe hypomethylation of most CpGs at the MEG3:TSS-DMR, moderate hypomethylation of roughly two-thirds of CpGs at the H19/IGF2:IG-DMR, and mild-to-moderate hypomethylation of a few CpGs at the DIRAS3:TSS-DMR, MEST:alt-TSS-DMR, IGF2:Ex9-DMR, IGF2:alt-TSS, and GNAS-AS1:TSS-DMR. Furthermore, bisulfite sequencing analysis for the MEG3/DLK1:IG-DMR delineated a markedly hypomethylated segment (CG-A). The heterozygous parents were clinically normal and had virtually no aberrant methylation pattern. Conclusions We identified a ZNF445 pathogenic variant for the first time. Since ZNF445 binds to the MEG3/DLK1:IG-DMR and other iDMRs affected in this patient, the development of Temple syndrome and MLID would primarily be explained by the ZNF445 variant. Furthermore, CG-A may be the target site for ZNF445 within the MEG3/DLK1:IG-DMR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01106-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
| | - Kaori Hara-Isono
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsubara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Satoshi Narumi
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Maki Fukami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Yumiko Ohkubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shizuoka Saiseikai Hospital, Oshika 1-1-1, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8527, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Shizuoka Saiseikai Hospital, Oshika 1-1-1, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8527, Japan. .,Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Tomitsuka 328, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, 432-8580, Japan.
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Clinical and Molecular Diagnosis of Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome with Single- or Multi-Locus Imprinting Disturbance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073445. [PMID: 33810554 PMCID: PMC8036922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous overgrowth disease. BWS is caused by (epi)genetic defects at the 11p15 chromosomal region, which harbors two clusters of imprinted genes, IGF2/H19 and CDKN1C/KCNQ1OT1, regulated by differential methylation of imprinting control regions, H19/IGF2:IG DMR and KCNQ1OT1:TSS DMR, respectively. A subset of BWS patients show multi-locus imprinting disturbances (MLID), with methylation defects extended to other imprinted genes in addition to the disease-specific locus. Specific (epi)genotype-phenotype correlations have been defined in order to help clinicians in the classification of patients and referring them to a timely diagnosis and a tailored follow-up. However, specific phenotypic correlations have not been identified among MLID patients, thus causing a debate on the usefulness of multi-locus testing in clinical diagnosis. Finally, the high incidence of BWS monozygotic twins with discordant phenotypes, the high frequency of BWS among babies conceived by assisted reproductive technologies, and the female prevalence among BWS-MLID cases provide new insights into the timing of imprint establishment during embryo development. In this review, we provide an overview on the clinical and molecular diagnosis of single- and multi-locus BWS in pre- and post-natal settings, and a comprehensive analysis of the literature in order to define possible (epi)genotype-phenotype correlations in MLID patients.
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Wang S, Gong Y, Wang Z, Greenbaum J, Xiao HM, Deng HW. Cell-specific network analysis of human folliculogenesis reveals network rewiring in antral stage oocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2851-2860. [PMID: 33599396 PMCID: PMC7957178 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have explored the gene expression profiles of human oocytes and granulosa cells by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), the dynamic regulatory network at a single-cell resolution during folliculogenesis remains largely unknown. We identified 10 functional modules by WGCNA, four of which were significantly correlated with primary/antral oocyte and antral/pre-ovulatory granulosa cells. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the brown module, which was correlated with antral oocyte, was enriched in oocyte differentiation, and two core subnetworks identified by MCODE were involved in cell cycle (blue subnetwork) and oogenesis (red subnetwork). The cell-specific network (CSN) analysis demonstrated a distinct gene network structure associated with the antral follicular stage, which was notably different from other developmental stages. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore gene functions during folliculogenesis at single-cell network level. We uncovered two potential gene subnetworks, which may play an important role in oocyte function beginning at the antral stage, and further established their rewiring process at intra-network/whole transcriptome level. The findings provide crucial insights from a novel network perspective to be further explored in functional mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengran Wang
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Gong
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zun Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Center of Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Role of Microgliosis and NLRP3 Inflammasome in Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis and Therapy. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1283-1300. [PMID: 33387119 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked primarily by motor symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability and resting tremor associated with dopaminergic neuronal loss in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and deficit of dopamine in the basal ganglia. These motor symptoms can be preceded by pre-motor symptoms whose recognition can be useful to apply different strategies to evaluate risk, early diagnosis and prevention of PD progression. Although clinical characteristics of PD are well defined, its pathogenesis is still not completely known, what makes discoveries of therapies capable of curing patients difficult to be reached. Several theories about the cause of idiopathic PD have been investigated and among them, the key role of inflammation, microglia and the inflammasome in the pathogenesis of PD has been considered. In this review, we describe the role and relation of both the inflammasome and microglial activation with the pathogenesis, symptoms, progression and the possibilities for new therapeutic strategies in PD.
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Wakabayashi M, Tamura S, Kanzaki S, Kosugi M, Yoshimura Y, Ito T, Nagata K, Sato K, Takada S, Sekita Y, Kimura T. Five multicopy gene family genes expressed during the maternal-to-zygotic transition are not essential for mouse development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 534:752-757. [PMID: 33162025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Upon fertilization, oocytes transform into totipotent and pluripotent cleavage stage cells through the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), which is regulated by maternal factors and zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Here, we investigated the in vivo function of 16 genes expressed with strong biases in oocytes and cleavage stage embryos by generating knockout (KO) mice. These MZT-associated genes are conserved across many mammalian species and include five multicopy gene family genes: the Nlrp9, Khdc1, Rfpl4, Trim43, and Zscan5 genes. Intercrosses between female KO and male KO mice, including Nlrp9a/b/c triple KO (TKO), Khdc1a/b/c TKO, Rfpl4a/b double KO (DKO), Trim43a/b/c TKO, and Zscan5b KO mice led to the birth to healthy offspring that in turn produced healthy offspring. Our study not only demonstrated that these MZT-associated genes are not essential for mouse development, but also provides valuable resources for analyzing the functions of these genes in other genetic backgrounds, in the presence of stressors, and under pathogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Wakabayashi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Shiori Tamura
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Satoko Kanzaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kosugi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ito
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kei Nagata
- School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kazuha Sato
- School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sekita
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Tohru Kimura
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Science, Japan; School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.
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Monteagudo-Sánchez A, Hernandez Mora JR, Simon C, Burton A, Tenorio J, Lapunzina P, Clark S, Esteller M, Kelsey G, López-Siguero JP, de Nanclares GP, Torres-Padilla ME, Monk D. The role of ZFP57 and additional KRAB-zinc finger proteins in the maintenance of human imprinted methylation and multi-locus imprinting disturbances. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:11394-11407. [PMID: 33053156 PMCID: PMC7672439 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic process regulated by germline-derived DNA methylation that is resistant to embryonic reprogramming, resulting in parental origin-specific monoallelic gene expression. A subset of individuals affected by imprinting disorders (IDs) displays multi-locus imprinting disturbances (MLID), which may result from aberrant establishment of imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in gametes or their maintenance in early embryogenesis. Here we investigated the extent of MLID in a family harbouring a ZFP57 truncating variant and characterize the interactions between human ZFP57 and the KAP1 co-repressor complex. By ectopically targeting ZFP57 to reprogrammed loci in mouse embryos using a dCas9 approach, we confirm that ZFP57 recruitment is sufficient to protect oocyte-derived methylation from reprogramming. Expression profiling in human pre-implantation embryos and oocytes reveals that unlike in mice, ZFP57 is only expressed following embryonic-genome activation, implying that other KRAB-zinc finger proteins (KZNFs) recruit KAP1 prior to blastocyst formation. Furthermore, we uncover ZNF202 and ZNF445 as additional KZNFs likely to recruit KAP1 to imprinted loci during reprogramming in the absence of ZFP57. Together, these data confirm the perplexing link between KZFPs and imprint maintenance and highlight the differences between mouse and humans in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Monteagudo-Sánchez
- Imprinting and Cancer group, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Gran via, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Ramon Hernandez Mora
- Imprinting and Cancer group, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Gran via, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Valencia University and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BIDMC, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam Burton
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Jair Tenorio
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,ITHACA, European Reference Network on Rare Congenital Malformations and Rare Intellectual Disability
| | - Stephen Clark
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukeamia Research Institute, Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gavin Kelsey
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge, UK.,Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Guiomar Perez de Nanclares
- (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, BioAraba Research Health Institute, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Alava, Spain
| | | | - David Monk
- Imprinting and Cancer group, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Gran via, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
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48
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Biallelic PADI6 variants cause multilocus imprinting disturbances and miscarriages in the same family. Eur J Hum Genet 2020; 29:575-580. [PMID: 33221824 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-00762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The term multilocus imprinting disturbance (MLID) describes the aberrant methylation of multiple imprinted loci in the genome, and MLID occurs in patients suffering from imprinting disorder carrying methylation defects. First data indicate that functional variants in factors expressed from both the fetal as well as the maternal genome cause MLID. Molecular changes in such genes of the maternal genome are called maternal effect variants, they affect members of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) in the oocyte which plays an important role during early embryonic development. Whereas the contribution of variants in the SCMC genes NLRP2, NLRP5, NLRP7, and KHDC3L to the etiology of reproductive failure and aberrant imprinting is widely accepted, the involvement of PADI6 variants in the formation of MLID is in discussion. We now report on the identification of biallelic variants in a woman suffering from different miscarriages and giving birth to two children with MLID. Thereby the role of PADI6 in maintaining the proper imprinting status during early development is confirmed. Thus, PADI6 variants do not only cause (early) pregnancy losses, but maternal effect variants in this gene cause the same spectrum of pregnancy outcomes as variants in other SCMC encoding genes, including chromosomal aberrations and disturbed imprinting. The identification of maternal effect variants requires genetic and reproductive counseling as carriers of these variants are at high risks for reproductive failure.
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Capalbo A, Poli M, Riera-Escamilla A, Shukla V, Kudo Høffding M, Krausz C, Hoffmann ER, Simon C. Preconception genome medicine: current state and future perspectives to improve infertility diagnosis and reproductive and health outcomes based on individual genomic data. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 27:254-279. [PMID: 33197264 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our genetic code is now readable, writable and hackable. The recent escalation of genome-wide sequencing (GS) applications in population diagnostics will not only enable the assessment of risks of transmitting well-defined monogenic disorders at preconceptional stages (i.e. carrier screening), but also facilitate identification of multifactorial genetic predispositions to sub-lethal pathologies, including those affecting reproductive fitness. Through GS, the acquisition and curation of reproductive-related findings will warrant the expansion of genetic assessment to new areas of genomic prediction of reproductive phenotypes, pharmacogenomics and molecular embryology, further boosting our knowledge and therapeutic tools for treating infertility and improving women's health. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE In this article, we review current knowledge and potential development of preconception genome analysis aimed at detecting reproductive and individual health risks (recessive genetic disease and medically actionable secondary findings) as well as anticipating specific reproductive outcomes, particularly in the context of IVF. The extension of reproductive genetic risk assessment to the general population and IVF couples will lead to the identification of couples who carry recessive mutations, as well as sub-lethal conditions prior to conception. This approach will provide increased reproductive autonomy to couples, particularly in those cases where preimplantation genetic testing is an available option to avoid the transmission of undesirable conditions. In addition, GS on prospective infertility patients will enable genome-wide association studies specific for infertility phenotypes such as predisposition to premature ovarian failure, increased risk of aneuploidies, complete oocyte immaturity or blastocyst development failure, thus empowering the development of true reproductive precision medicine. SEARCH METHODS Searches of the literature on PubMed Central included combinations of the following MeSH terms: human, genetics, genomics, variants, male, female, fertility, next generation sequencing, genome exome sequencing, expanded carrier screening, secondary findings, pharmacogenomics, controlled ovarian stimulation, preconception, genetics, genome-wide association studies, GWAS. OUTCOMES Through PubMed Central queries, we identified a total of 1409 articles. The full list of articles was assessed for date of publication, limiting the search to studies published within the last 15 years (2004 onwards due to escalating research output of next-generation sequencing studies from that date). The remaining articles' titles were assessed for pertinence to the topic, leaving a total of 644 articles. The use of preconception GS has the potential to identify inheritable genetic conditions concealed in the genome of around 4% of couples looking to conceive. Genomic information during reproductive age will also be useful to anticipate late-onset medically actionable conditions with strong genetic background in around 2-4% of all individuals. Genetic variants correlated with differential response to pharmaceutical treatment in IVF, and clear genotype-phenotype associations are found for aberrant sperm types, oocyte maturation, fertilization or pre- and post-implantation embryonic development. All currently known capabilities of GS at the preconception stage are reviewed along with persisting and forthcoming barriers for the implementation of precise reproductive medicine. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The expansion of sequencing analysis to additional monogenic and polygenic traits may enable the development of cost-effective preconception tests capable of identifying underlying genetic causes of infertility, which have been defined as 'unexplained' until now, thus leading to the development of a true personalized genomic medicine framework in reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Capalbo
- Igenomix Italy, Marostica, Italy.,Igenomix Foundation, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Antoni Riera-Escamilla
- Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vallari Shukla
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, DRNF Center for Chromosome Stability, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miya Kudo Høffding
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, DRNF Center for Chromosome Stability, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Csilla Krausz
- Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Centre of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eva R Hoffmann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, DRNF Center for Chromosome Stability, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos Simon
- Igenomix Foundation, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology BIDMC, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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50
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Reproductive Outcomes from Maternal Loss of Nlrp2 Are Not Improved by IVF or Embryo Transfer Consistent with Oocyte-Specific Defect. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1850-1865. [PMID: 33090377 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nlrp2 encodes a protein of the oocyte subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), required for embryo development. We previously showed that loss of maternal Nlrp2 in mice causes subfertility, smaller litters with birth defects, and growth abnormalities in offspring, indicating that Nlrp2 is a maternal effect gene and that all embryos from Nlrp2-deficient females that were cultured in vitro arrested before the blastocysts stage. Here, we used time-lapse microscopy to examine the development of cultured embryos from superovulated Nlrp2-deficient and wild-type mice after in vivo and in vitro fertilization. Embryos from Nlrp2-deficient females had similar abnormal cleavage and fragmentation and arrested by blastocyst stage, irrespective of fertilization mode. This indicates that in vitro fertilization does not further perturb or improve the development of cultured embryos. We also transferred embryos from superovulated Nlrp2-deficient and wild-type females to wild-type recipients to investigate if the abnormal reproductive outcomes of Nlrp2-deficient females are primarily driven by oocyte dysfunction or if a suboptimal intra-uterine milieu is a necessary factor. Pregnancies with transferred embryos from Nlrp2-deficient females produced smaller litters, stillbirths, and offspring with birth defects and growth abnormalities. This indicates that the reproductive phenotype is oocyte-specific and is not rescued by development in a wild-type uterus. We further found abnormal DNA methylation at two maternally imprinted loci in the kidney of surviving young adult offspring, confirming persistent DNA methylation disturbances in surviving offspring. These findings have implications for fertility treatments for women with mutations in NLRP2 and other genes encoding SCMC proteins.
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