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Nurminen R, Afyounian E, Paunu N, Katainen R, Isomäki M, Nurminen A, Scaravilli M, Tolppanen J, Fey V, Kivinen A, Helén P, Välimäki N, Kesseli J, Aaltonen LA, Haapasalo H, Nykter M, Rautajoki KJ. Previously reported CCDC26 risk variant and novel germline variants in GALNT13, AR, and MYO10 associated with familial glioma in Finland. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11562. [PMID: 38773237 PMCID: PMC11109329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Predisposing factors underlying familial aggregation of non-syndromic gliomas are still to be uncovered. Whole-exome sequencing was performed in four Finnish families with brain tumors to identify rare predisposing variants. A total of 417 detected exome variants and 102 previously reported glioma-related variants were further genotyped in 19 Finnish families with brain tumors using targeted sequencing. Rare damaging variants in GALNT13, MYO10 and AR were identified. Two families carried either c.553C>T (R185C) or c.1214T>A (L405Q) on GALNT13. Variant c.553C>T is located on the substrate-binding site of GALNT13. AR c.2180G>T (R727L), which is located on a ligand-binding domain of AR, was detected in two families, one of which also carried a GALNT13 variant. MYO10 c.4448A>G (N1483S) was detected in two families and c.1511C>T (A504V) variant was detected in one family. Both variants are located on functional domains related to MYO10 activity in filopodia formation. In addition, affected cases in six families carried a known glioma risk variant rs55705857 in CCDC26 and low-risk glioma variants. These novel findings indicate polygenic inheritance of familial glioma in Finland and increase our understanding of the genetic contribution to familial glioma susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Nurminen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ebrahim Afyounian
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niina Paunu
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riku Katainen
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari Isomäki
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anssi Nurminen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mauro Scaravilli
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jenni Tolppanen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Vidal Fey
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anni Kivinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pauli Helén
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niko Välimäki
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Kesseli
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lauri A Aaltonen
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Haapasalo
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
- Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Tukholmankatu 8, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kirsi J Rautajoki
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
- Tampere Institute for Advanced Study, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Wu Y, Zhou J, Zhang J, Tang Z, Chen X, Huang L, Liu S, Chen H, Wang Y. Pertinence of glioma and single nucleotide polymorphism of TERT, CCDC26, CDKN2A/B and RTEL1 genes in glioma: a meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1180099. [PMID: 37746290 PMCID: PMC10512948 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1180099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous genetic-epidemiological studies considered TERT (rs2736100), CCDC26 (rs4295627), CDKN2A/B (rs4977756) and RTEL1 (rs6010620) gene polymorphisms as the risk factors specific to glioma. However, the data samples of previous genetic-epidemiological studies are modest to determine whether they have definite association with glioma. Method The study paid attention to systematically searching databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholars. Meta-analysis under 5 genetic models, namely recessive model (RM), over-dominant model (O-DM), allele model (AM), co-dominant model (C-DM) and dominant model (DM) was conducted for generating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). That was accompanied by subgroup analyses according to various racial groups. The software STATA 17.0 MP was implemented in the study. Result 21 articles were collected. According to data analysis results, in four genetic models (AM, RM, DM and C-DM) TERT gene rs2736100 polymorphism, CCDC26 gene rs4295627 polymorphism, CDKN2A/B gene rs4977756 polymorphism and RTEL1 gene rs6010620 polymorphisms increased the risk of glioma in Caucasians to different degrees. In Asian populations, the CCDC26 gene rs4295627 polymorphism and CDKN2A/B gene rs4977756 polymorphism did not exhibit a relevance to the risk of glioma. It is suggested to cautiously explain these results as the sample size is small. Conclusion The current meta-analysis suggested that the SNP of TERT (rs2736100), CCDC26 (rs4295627), CDKN2A/B (rs4977756) and RTEL1 (rs6010620) genes in glioma might increase risk of glioma, but there are ethnic differences. Further studies evaluating these polymorphisms and glioma risk are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijian Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Health, Brooks College, Sunnyvale, CA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Medical Affairs, the Department of ICON Pharma Development Solutions (IPD), ICON Public Limited Company (ICON Plc), Beijing, China
| | - Shengwen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Dediatric Department, School of Clinical Medicine for Women and Children, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Petkovic M, Yalçin M, Heese O, Relógio A. Differential expression of the circadian clock network correlates with tumour progression in gliomas. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:154. [PMID: 37400829 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are tumours arising mostly from astrocytic or oligodendrocytic precursor cells. These tumours are classified according to the updated WHO classification from 2021 in 4 grades depending on molecular and histopathological criteria. Despite novel multimodal therapeutic approaches, the vast majority of gliomas (WHO grade III and IV) are not curable. The circadian clock is an important regulator of numerous cellular processes and its dysregulation had been found during the progression of many cancers, including gliomas. RESULTS In this study, we explore expression patterns of clock-controlled genes in low-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and show that a set of 45 clock-controlled genes can be used to distinguish GBM from normal tissue. Subsequent analysis identified 17 clock-controlled genes with a significant association with survival. The results point to a loss of correlation strength within elements of the circadian clock network in GBM compared to LGG. We further explored the progression patterns of mutations in LGG and GBM, and showed that tumour suppressor APC is lost late both in LGG and GBM. Moreover, HIF1A, involved in cellular response to hypoxia, exhibits subclonal losses in LGG, and TERT, involved in the formation of telomerase, is lost late in the GBM progression. By examining multi-sample LGG data, we find that the clock-controlled driver genes APC, HIF1A, TERT and TP53 experience frequent subclonal gains and losses. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a higher level of disrgulation at the gene expression level in GBM compared to LGG, and indicate an association between the differentially expressed clock-regulated genes and patient survival in both LGG and GBM. By reconstructing the patterns of progression in LGG and GBM, our data reveals the relatively late gains and losses of clock-regulated glioma drivers. Our analysis emphasizes the role of clock-regulated genes in glioma development and progression. Yet, further research is needed to asses their value in the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Petkovic
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Müge Yalçin
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Heese
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spinal Surgery, HELIOS Medical Center Schwerin, University Campus of MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute for Systems Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
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Vízkeleti L, Spisák S. Rewired Metabolism Caused by the Oncogenic Deregulation of MYC as an Attractive Therapeutic Target in Cancers. Cells 2023; 12:1745. [PMID: 37443779 PMCID: PMC10341379 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MYC is one of the most deregulated oncogenes on multiple levels in cancer. As a node transcription factor, MYC plays a diverse regulatory role in many cellular processes, including cell cycle and metabolism, both in physiological and pathological conditions. The relentless growth and proliferation of tumor cells lead to an insatiable demand for energy and nutrients, which requires the rewiring of cellular metabolism. As MYC can orchestrate all aspects of cellular metabolism, its altered regulation plays a central role in these processes, such as the Warburg effect, and is a well-established hallmark of cancer development. However, our current knowledge of MYC suggests that its spatial- and concentration-dependent contribution to tumorigenesis depends more on changes in the global or relative expression of target genes. As the direct targeting of MYC is proven to be challenging due to its relatively high toxicity, understanding its underlying regulatory mechanisms is essential for the development of tumor-selective targeted therapies. The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the diverse forms of MYC oncogenic deregulation, including DNA-, transcriptional- and post-translational level alterations, and their consequences for cellular metabolism. Furthermore, we also review the currently available and potentially attractive therapeutic options that exploit the vulnerability arising from the metabolic rearrangement of MYC-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vízkeleti
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Sándor Spisák
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Cheng L, Zhang F, Zhao X, Wang L, Duan W, Guan J, Wang K, Liu Z, Wang X, Wang Z, Wu H, Chen Z, Teng L, Li Y, Xiao F, Fan T, Jian F. Mutational landscape of primary spinal cord astrocytoma. J Pathol 2023. [PMID: 37114614 DOI: 10.1002/path.6084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Primary spinal cord astrocytoma (SCA) is a rare disease. Knowledge about the molecular profiles of SCAs mostly comes from intracranial glioma; the pattern of genetic alterations of SCAs is not well understood. Herein, we describe genome-sequencing analyses of primary SCAs, aiming to characterize the mutational landscape of primary SCAs. We utilized whole exome sequencing (WES) to analyze somatic nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) among 51 primary SCAs. Driver genes were searched using four algorithms. GISTIC2 was used to detect significant CNVs. Additionally, recurrently mutated pathways were also summarized. A total of 12 driver genes were identified. Of those, H3F3A (47.1%), TP53 (29.4%), NF1 (19.6%), ATRX (17.6%), and PPM1D (17.6%) were the most frequently mutated genes. Furthermore, three novel driver genes seldom reported in glioma were identified: HNRNPC, SYNE1, and RBM10. Several germline mutations, including three variants (SLC16A8 rs2235573, LMF1 rs3751667, FAM20C rs774848096) that were associated with risk of brain glioma, were frequently observed in SCAs. Moreover, 12q14.1 (13.7%) encompassing the oncogene CDK4 was recurrently amplified and negatively affected patient prognosis. Besides frequently mutated RTK/RAS pathway and PI3K pathway, the cell cycle pathway controlling the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (RB) was mutated in 39.2% of patients. Overall, a considerable degree of the somatic mutation landscape is shared between SCAs and brainstem glioma. Our work provides a key insight into the molecular profiling of primary SCAs, which might represent candidate drug targets and complement the molecular atlas of glioma. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Leiming Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wanru Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhenlei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lianghong Teng
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yifei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fei Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fengzeng Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
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6
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Batchelor TT, Walsh KM. Understanding the Genetic Risk of IDH-Mutant Glioma. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:1332-1334. [PMID: 37018498 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcibr2213112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy T Batchelor
- From the Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston (T.T.B.); and the Department of Neurosurgery and Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (K.M.W.)
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- From the Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston (T.T.B.); and the Department of Neurosurgery and Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (K.M.W.)
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7
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Miller JJ, Gonzalez Castro LN, McBrayer S, Weller M, Cloughesy T, Portnow J, Andronesi O, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Baumert BG, Berger MS, Bi WL, Bindra R, Cahill DP, Chang SM, Costello JF, Horbinski C, Huang RY, Jenkins RB, Ligon KL, Mellinghoff IK, Nabors LB, Platten M, Reardon DA, Shi DD, Schiff D, Wick W, Yan H, von Deimling A, van den Bent M, Kaelin WG, Wen PY. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) consensus review on diagnosis, management, and future directions. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:4-25. [PMID: 36239925 PMCID: PMC9825337 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are the most common adult, malignant primary brain tumors diagnosed in patients younger than 50, constituting an important cause of morbidity and mortality. In recent years, there has been significant progress in understanding the molecular pathogenesis and biology of these tumors, sparking multiple efforts to improve their diagnosis and treatment. In this consensus review from the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO), the current diagnosis and management of IDH-mutant gliomas will be discussed. In addition, novel therapies, such as targeted molecular therapies and immunotherapies, will be reviewed. Current challenges and future directions for research will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie J Miller
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Nicolas Gonzalez Castro
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel McBrayer
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75235, USA
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jana Portnow
- Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ovidiu Andronesi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Informatics and Data Science (IDS), Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology (CBIIT), Trans-Divisional Research Program (TDRP), Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brigitta G Baumert
- Cantonal Hospital Graubunden, Institute of Radiation-Oncology, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell S Berger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wenya Linda Bi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ranjit Bindra
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Brain Tumor Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joseph F Costello
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raymond Y Huang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Individualized Medicine Research, Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, Minnesota 55901, USA
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ingo K Mellinghoff
- Department of Neurology, Evnin Family Chair in Neuro-Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Michael Platten
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David A Reardon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana D Shi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Schiff
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neuro-Oncology at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Program Chair of Neuro-Oncology at the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), and Neurology and Chairman at the Neurology Clinic in Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hai Yan
- Genetron Health Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20879, USA
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, and, Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and, DKTK, INF 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin van den Bent
- Brain Tumour Centre, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075 EA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William G Kaelin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Mo Z, Xin J, Chai R, Woo PY, Chan DT, Wang J. Epidemiological characteristics and genetic alterations in adult diffuse glioma in East Asian populations. Cancer Biol Med 2022; 19:1440-1459. [PMID: 36350002 PMCID: PMC9630523 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the racial specificities of diseases-such as adult diffuse glioma, the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system-is a critical step toward precision medicine. Here, we comprehensively review studies of gliomas in East Asian populations and other ancestry groups to clarify the racial differences in terms of epidemiology and genomic characteristics. Overall, we observed a lower glioma incidence in East Asians than in Whites; notably, patients with glioblastoma had significantly younger ages of onset and longer overall survival than the Whites. Multiple genome-wide association studies of various cohorts have revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with overall and subtype-specific glioma susceptibility. Notably, only 3 risk loci-5p15.33, 11q23.3, and 20q13.33-were shared between patients with East Asian and White ancestry, whereas other loci predominated only in particular populations. For instance, risk loci 12p11.23, 15q15-21.1, and 19p13.12 were reported in East Asians, whereas risk loci 8q24.21, 1p31.3, and 1q32.1 were reported in studies in White patients. Although the somatic mutational profiles of gliomas between East Asians and non-East Asians were broadly consistent, a lower incidence of EGFR amplification in glioblastoma and a higher incidence of 1p19q-IDH-TERT triple-negative low-grade glioma were observed in East Asian cohorts. By summarizing large-scale disease surveillance, germline, and somatic genomic studies, this review reveals the unique characteristics of adult diffuse glioma among East Asians, to guide clinical management and policy design focused on patients with East Asian ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongchao Mo
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Junyi Xin
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ruichao Chai
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Peter Y.M. Woo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Neuro-Oncology Society, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danny T.M. Chan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiguang Wang
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
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9
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Yanchus C, Drucker KL, Kollmeyer TM, Tsai R, Winick-Ng W, Liang M, Malik A, Pawling J, De Lorenzo SB, Ali A, Decker PA, Kosel ML, Panda A, Al-Zahrani KN, Jiang L, Browning JWL, Lowden C, Geuenich M, Hernandez JJ, Gosio JT, Ahmed M, Loganathan SK, Berman J, Trcka D, Michealraj KA, Fortin J, Carson B, Hollingsworth EW, Jacinto S, Mazrooei P, Zhou L, Elia A, Lupien M, He HH, Murphy DJ, Wang L, Abyzov A, Dennis JW, Maass PG, Campbell K, Wilson MD, Lachance DH, Wrensch M, Wiencke J, Mak T, Pennacchio LA, Dickel DE, Visel A, Wrana J, Taylor MD, Zadeh G, Dirks P, Eckel-Passow JE, Attisano L, Pombo A, Ida CM, Kvon EZ, Jenkins RB, Schramek D. A noncoding single-nucleotide polymorphism at 8q24 drives IDH1-mutant glioma formation. Science 2022; 378:68-78. [PMID: 36201590 PMCID: PMC9926876 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj2890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Establishing causal links between inherited polymorphisms and cancer risk is challenging. Here, we focus on the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs55705857, which confers a sixfold greater risk of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant low-grade glioma (LGG). We reveal that rs55705857 itself is the causal variant and is associated with molecular pathways that drive LGG. Mechanistically, we show that rs55705857 resides within a brain-specific enhancer, where the risk allele disrupts OCT2/4 binding, allowing increased interaction with the Myc promoter and increased Myc expression. Mutating the orthologous mouse rs55705857 locus accelerated tumor development in an Idh1R132H-driven LGG mouse model from 472 to 172 days and increased penetrance from 30% to 75%. Our work reveals mechanisms of the heritable predisposition to lethal glioma in ~40% of LGG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Yanchus
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kristen L. Drucker
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Thomas M. Kollmeyer
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ricky Tsai
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Warren Winick-Ng
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 13092 Berlin, Germany
| | - Minggao Liang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Ahmad Malik
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Judy Pawling
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Silvana B. De Lorenzo
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Asma Ali
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paul A. Decker
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Matt L. Kosel
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Arijit Panda
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Khalid N. Al-Zahrani
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Lingyan Jiang
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Jared W. L. Browning
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Chris Lowden
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Michael Geuenich
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - J. Javier Hernandez
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jessica T. Gosio
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Sampath Kumar Loganathan
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Jacob Berman
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Daniel Trcka
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | | | - Jerome Fortin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Brittany Carson
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Ethan W. Hollingsworth
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Sandra Jacinto
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Parisa Mazrooei
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Lily Zhou
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Andrew Elia
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Housheng Hansen He
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Liguo Wang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Alexej Abyzov
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James W. Dennis
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Philipp G. Maass
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Kieran Campbell
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michael D. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Daniel H. Lachance
- Departments of Neurology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Margaret Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - John Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tak Mak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Len A. Pennacchio
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
- Comparative Biochemistry Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Diane E. Dickel
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Axel Visel
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wrana
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michael D. Taylor
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Peter Dirks
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | - Liliana Attisano
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ana Pombo
- Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, 13092 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cristiane M. Ida
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Evgeny Z. Kvon
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Robert B. Jenkins
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Daniel Schramek
- Centre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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10
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Association of TP53 rs1042522 C>G Polymorphism with Glioma Risk in Chinese Children. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2712808. [PMID: 35996546 PMCID: PMC9392611 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2712808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial malignancy. TP53 is a crucial tumor suppressor gene that plays an essential regulatory role in cell growth, apoptosis, and DNA repair. The TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism has been reported to be strongly associated with various tumor risks. To assess the TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism with glioma risk in Chinese children, we determined the genotypes of the TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism in 171 glioma patients and 228 cancer-free controls by Taqman assay. We assessed the association of the polymorphism with glioma risk using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) generated by logistic regression models. We also performed stratified analyses by age, gender, tumor subtypes, and clinical stages, but no significant association was detected between TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism and childhood glioma risk. These results suggest that the TP53 rs1042522 C>G polymorphism is not associated with glioma risk in Chinese children. Subsequent studies with a larger sample size are needed to validate our results.
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11
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Internò V, Triggiano G, De Santis P, Stucci LS, Tucci M, Porta C. Molecular Aberrations Stratify Grade 2 Astrocytomas Into Several Rare Entities: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications. Front Oncol 2022; 12:866623. [PMID: 35756624 PMCID: PMC9226400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.866623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of specific molecular aberrations guides the prognostic stratification and management of grade 2 astrocytomas. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2, found in the majority of adult diffuse low-grade glioma (DLGG), seem to relate to a favorable prognosis compared to IDH wild-type (IDH-wt) counterparts. Moreover, the IDH-wt group can develop additional molecular alterations worsening the prognosis, such as epidermal growth factor receptor amplification (EGFR-amp) and mutation of the promoter of telomerase reverse transcriptase (pTERT-mut). This review analyzes the prognostic impact and therapeutic implications of genetic alterations in adult LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Internò
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Policlinico Hospital of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Triggiano
- Division of Medical Oncology, Policlinico Hospital of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Tucci
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Policlinico Hospital of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Camillo Porta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Policlinico Hospital of Bari, Bari, Italy
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12
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McMahon DJ, Gleeson JP, O'Reilly S, Bambury RM. Management of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: current state of the art and emerging therapeutic approaches. Med Oncol 2022; 39:129. [PMID: 35716200 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme represent > 50% of primary gliomas and have five year survival rates of ~ 5%. Maximal safe surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide remains the standard treatment since published by Stupp et al. (in N Engl J Med 352:987-996, 2005), with additional benefit for patients with MGMT-methylated tumors. We review the current treatment landscape and ongoing efforts to improve these outcomes. An extensive literature search of Pubmed and Google Scholar involving the search terms "glioblastoma," "glioblastoma multiforme," or "GBM" for papers published to July 2021 was conducted and papers evaluated for relevance. As well as current data that informs clinical practice, we review ongoing clinical research in both newly diagnosed and recurrent settings that provides hope for a breakthrough. The Stupp protocol remains standard of care in 2021. Addition of tumor treating fields improved mOS modestly, with benefit seen in MGMT-methylated and unmethylated cohorts and also improved time to cognitive decline but has not been widely adopted. The addition of lomustine to temozolomide, in MGMT-methylated patients, also showed a mOS benefit but further investigation is required. Other promising therapeutic strategies including anti-angiogenic therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have yet to show a survival advantage. Improvements in the multidisciplinary management, surgical techniques and equipment, early palliative care, carrier support, and psychological support may be responsible for improving survival over time. Despite promising preclinical rationale, immunotherapy and targeted therapy are struggling to impact survival. A number of ongoing clinical trials provide hope for a breakthrough.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J McMahon
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland, UK.
| | | | - S O'Reilly
- Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland, UK
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13
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Yu G, Liang B, Yin K, Zhan M, Gu X, Wang J, Song S, Liu Y, Yang Q, Ji T, Xu B. Identification of Metabolism-Related Gene-Based Subgroup in Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:909066. [PMID: 35785167 PMCID: PMC9243363 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.909066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is still the main male health problem in the world. The role of metabolism in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer is becoming more and more obvious, but it is not clear. Here we firstly identified a metabolism-related gene-based subgroup in prostate cancer. We used metabolism-related genes to divide prostate cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas into different clinical benefit populations, which was verified in the International Cancer Genome Consortium. After that, we analyzed the metabolic and immunological mechanisms of clinical beneficiaries from the aspects of functional analysis of differentially expressed genes, gene set variation analysis, tumor purity, tumor microenvironment, copy number variations, single-nucleotide polymorphism, and tumor-specific neoantigens. We identified 56 significant genes for non-negative matrix factorization after survival-related univariate regression analysis and identified three subgroups. Patients in subgroup 2 had better overall survival, disease-free interval, progression-free interval, and disease-specific survival. Functional analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes in subgroup 2 were enriched in the xenobiotic metabolic process and regulation of cell development. Moreover, the metabolism and tumor purity of subgroup 2 were higher than those of subgroup 1 and subgroup 3, whereas the composition of immune cells of subgroup 2 was lower than that of subgroup 1 and subgroup 3. The expression of major immune genes, such as CCL2, CD274, CD276, CD4, CTLA4, CXCR4, IL1A, IL6, LAG3, TGFB1, TNFRSF4, TNFRSF9, and PDCD1LG2, in subgroup 2 was almost significantly lower than that in subgroup 1 and subgroup 3, which is consistent with the results of tumor purity analysis. Finally, we identified that subgroup 2 had lower copy number variations, single-nucleotide polymorphism, and neoantigen mutation. Our systematic study established a metabolism-related gene-based subgroup to predict outcomes of prostate cancer patients, which may contribute to individual prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guopeng Yu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Liang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keneng Yin
- 174 Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangqing Song
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Xu, ; Tianhai Ji, ; Qing Yang, ; Yushan Liu,
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Xu, ; Tianhai Ji, ; Qing Yang, ; Yushan Liu,
| | - Tianhai Ji
- 174 Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Xu, ; Tianhai Ji, ; Qing Yang, ; Yushan Liu,
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Xu, ; Tianhai Ji, ; Qing Yang, ; Yushan Liu,
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14
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Samanic CM, Teer JK, Thompson ZJ, Creed JH, Fridley BL, Burt Nabors L, Williams SL, Egan KM. Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation and risk of glioma. Mitochondrion 2022; 63:32-36. [PMID: 35032707 PMCID: PMC8885975 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant gliomas are the most common primary adult brain tumors, with a poor prognosis and ill-defined etiology. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variation has been linked with certain cancers; however, research on glioma is lacking. METHODS We examined the association of common (minor allele frequency ≥ 5%) germline mtDNA variants and haplogroups with glioma risk in 1,566 glioma cases and 1,017 controls from a US case-control study, and 425 glioma cases and 1,534 matched controls from the UK Biobank cohort (UKB). DNA samples were genotyped using the UK Biobank array that included a set of common and rare mtDNA variants. Risk associations were examined separately for glioblastoma (GBM) and lower grade tumors (non-GBM). RESULTS In the US study, haplogroup W was inversely associated with glioma when compared with haplogroup H (OR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.23-0.79); this association was not demonstrated in the UKB (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 0.47-2.43). In the UKB, the variant m.3010G > A was significantly associated with GBM (OR = 1.32; 95%CI: 1.01-1.73; p = 0.04), but not non-GBM (1.23; 95%CI: 0.78-1.95; p = 0.38); no similar association was observed in the US study. In the US study, the variant m.14798 T > C, was significantly associated with non-GBM (OR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.53-0.99), but not GBM (OR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.66-1.11), whereas in the UKB, a positive association was observed between this variant and GBM (OR = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.06-2.02) but not non-GBM (OR = 0.92; 95%CI: 0.52-1.63). None of these associations were significant after adjustment for multiple testing. CONCLUSION The association of inherited mtDNA variation, including rare and singleton variants, with glioma risk merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine M Samanic
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jamie K Teer
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Zachary J Thompson
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jordan H Creed
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Division of NeuroOncology, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 510 20th Street South, Faculty Office Tower Suite 1020 Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sion L Williams
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States; Neurology Basic Science Division, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Kathleen M Egan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
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15
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Francis SS, Ostrom QT, Cote DJ, Smith TR, Claus E, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. The Epidemiology of Central Nervous System Tumors. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2022; 36:23-42. [PMID: 34801162 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the current epidemiology of central nervous system tumors. Population-level basic epidemiology, nationally and internationally, and current understanding of germline genetic risk are discussed, with a focus on known and well-studied risk factors related to the etiology of central nervous system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Francis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Division of Neuro and Molecular Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 1450 3rd Street, HD442, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, 571 Research Drive, MSRB-1, Rm 442, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David J Cote
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 N State Street, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Timothy R Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, Computational Neuroscience Outcomes Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth Claus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, Yale School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, Trans-Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NCI Shady Grove, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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16
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Wefel JS, Zhou R, Sulman EP, Boehling NS, Armstrong GN, Tsavachidis S, Liang FW, Etzel CJ, Kahalley LS, Small BJ, Scheurer ME, Bondy ML, Liu Y. Genetic modulation of longitudinal change in neurocognitive function among adult glioma patients. J Neurooncol 2021; 156:185-193. [PMID: 34817796 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired neurocognitive function (NCF) is extremely common in patients with higher grade primary brain tumor. We previously reported evidence of genetic variants associated with NCF in glioma patients prior to treatment. However, little is known about the effect of genetic variants on NCF decline after adjuvant therapy. METHODS Patients (N = 102) completed longitudinal NCF assessments that included measures of verbal memory, processing speed, and executive function. Testing was conducted in the postoperative period with an average follow up interval of 1.3 years. We examined polymorphisms in 580 genes related to five pathways (inflammation, DNA repair, metabolism, cognitive, and telomerase). RESULTS Five polymorphisms were associated with longitudinal changes in processing speed and 14 polymorphisms with executive function. Change in processing speed was strongly associated with MCPH1 rs17631450 (P = 2.2 × 10-7) and CCDC26 rs7005206 (P = 9.3 × 10-7) in the telomerase pathway; while change in executive function was more strongly associated with FANCF rs1514084 (P = 2.9 × 10-6) in the DNA repair pathway and DAOA rs12428572 (P = 2.4 × 10-5) in the cognitive pathway. Joint effect analysis found significant genetic-dosage effects for longitudinal changes in processing speed (Ptrend = 1.5 × 10-10) and executive function (Ptrend = 2.1 × 10-11). In multivariable analyses, predictors of NCF decline included progressive disease, lower baseline NCF performance, and more at-risk genetic variants, after adjusting for age, sex, education, tumor location, histology, and disease progression. CONCLUSION Our longitudinal analyses revealed that polymorphisms in telomerase, DNA repair, and cognitive pathways are independent predictors of decline in NCF in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Wefel
- Section of Neuropsychology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 431, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Renke Zhou
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nicholas S Boehling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Georgina N Armstrong
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Spiridon Tsavachidis
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Fu-Wen Liang
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol J Etzel
- Biostatistics, Corrona, LLC, Southborough, MA, 01772, USA
| | - Lisa S Kahalley
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Brent J Small
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mailstop BCM305, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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17
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Guo H, Liao Y, Lin A, Lin H, Huang X, Ruan J, Yuan L, Zhuo Z. Association Between LIN28A Gene Polymorphisms and Glioma Susceptibility in Chinese Children. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211040009. [PMID: 34468231 PMCID: PMC8414609 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211040009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most prevalent brain tumors among children and adolescents. The
occurrence and development of various malignant tumors is closely related with
LIN28A gene, but its relationship with glioma
susceptibility has not been widely discovered. In this case-control study, we
conducted four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3811464 G>A,
rs3811463 T>C, rs34787247 G>A, and rs11247957 G>A) of
LIN28A gene to investigate whether they increase the risk
of glioma. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to
evaluate their relationship. There was no significant correlation between four
SNPs and glioma risk in single polymorphism and conjoint analysis. However, in
stratification analysis, we found that rs3811463 TC/CC may add to the risk of
glioma with clinical stage III (adjusted OR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.15-8.70, P =
.026) or stage III+IV patients (adjusted OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.02-4.13, P =
.044). Our research suggested that four SNPs of LIN28A gene
have a weak relationship with the risk of glioma in Chinese children.
LIN28A rs3811463 TC/CC may increase the possibility of
glioma in clinical stage III or stage III+IV patients which need larger samples
and further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Guo
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, 159390Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxiang Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, 159374Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Ao Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, 159390Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiran Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, 58816Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xiaokai Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jichen Ruan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Pathology, 159390Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenjian Zhuo
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, 159390Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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18
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Li N, Shi H, Hou P, Gao L, Shi Y, Mi W, Zhang G, Wang N, Dai W, Wei L, Jin T, Shi Y, Guo S. Genetic variants of CYP4F12 gene are associated with glioma susceptibility. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:1910-1915. [PMID: 34319593 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is a common and fatal primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system, and its prognosis is poor. To determine the susceptibility markers of gliomas in Chinese population we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of glioma in the Han Chinese population, with a total of 485 glioma cases and 485 controls. Genotyping was conducted using the Applied Biosystems Axiom Precision Medicine Diversity Array. Besides, we carried out imputation using IMPUTE 2.0 software, and the 1000 Genomes Phase 3 was used as the reference panel. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of each SNP with glioma risk, assuming an additive genetic model, which was implemented in PLINK version 1.9. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated from logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and gender. The results revealed that the SNP (rs688755) in the exon region of CYP4F12 at 19p13.12 reached genome-wide significance associated with gliomas (P = 2.35 × 10-8 , OR = 3.55, 95% CI = 2.20-5.74). Our findings provide deeper insight into the genetic contribution to glioma in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hangyu Shi
- The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Hou
- Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Gao
- The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiyang Mi
- The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhi Shi
- The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiwen Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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19
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Förster A, Brand F, Banan R, Hüneburg R, Weber CAM, Ewert W, Kronenberg J, Previti C, Elyan N, Beyer U, Martens H, Hong B, Bräsen JH, Erbersdobler A, Krauss JK, Stangel M, Samii A, Wolf S, Preller M, Aretz S, Wiese B, Hartmann C, Weber RG. Rare germline variants in the E-cadherin gene CDH1 are associated with the risk of brain tumors of neuroepithelial and epithelial origin. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 142:191-210. [PMID: 33929593 PMCID: PMC8217027 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The genetic basis of brain tumor development is poorly understood. Here, leukocyte DNA of 21 patients from 15 families with ≥ 2 glioma cases each was analyzed by whole-genome or targeted sequencing. As a result, we identified two families with rare germline variants, p.(A592T) or p.(A817V), in the E-cadherin gene CDH1 that co-segregate with the tumor phenotype, consisting primarily of oligodendrogliomas, WHO grade II/III, IDH-mutant, 1p/19q-codeleted (ODs). Rare CDH1 variants, previously shown to predispose to gastric and breast cancer, were significantly overrepresented in these glioma families (13.3%) versus controls (1.7%). In 68 individuals from 28 gastric cancer families with pathogenic CDH1 germline variants, brain tumors, including a pituitary adenoma, were observed in three cases (4.4%), a significantly higher prevalence than in the general population (0.2%). Furthermore, rare CDH1 variants were identified in tumor DNA of 6/99 (6%) ODs. CDH1 expression was detected in undifferentiated and differentiating oligodendroglial cells isolated from rat brain. Functional studies using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in or stably transfected cell models demonstrated that the identified CDH1 germline variants affect cell membrane expression, cell migration and aggregation. E-cadherin ectodomain containing variant p.(A592T) had an increased intramolecular flexibility in a molecular dynamics simulation model. E-cadherin harboring intracellular variant p.(A817V) showed reduced β-catenin binding resulting in increased cytosolic and nuclear β-catenin levels reverted by treatment with the MAPK interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 inhibitor CGP 57380. Our data provide evidence for a role of deactivating CDH1 variants in the risk and tumorigenesis of neuroepithelial and epithelial brain tumors, particularly ODs, possibly via WNT/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Förster
- Department of Human Genetics OE 6300, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Brand
- Department of Human Genetics OE 6300, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rouzbeh Banan
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Hüneburg
- National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine A M Weber
- Department of Human Genetics OE 6300, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wiebke Ewert
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jessica Kronenberg
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Radiation Biology Department, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Centre (DLR), Köln, Germany
| | - Christopher Previti
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, High Throughput Sequencing Unit W190, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Omics IT and Data Management Core Facility W610, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalie Elyan
- Department of Human Genetics OE 6300, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Beyer
- Department of Human Genetics OE 6300, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Martens
- Department of Human Genetics OE 6300, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bujung Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan H Bräsen
- Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Joachim K Krauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Stangel
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Amir Samii
- Department of Neurosurgery, International Neuroscience Institute, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Wolf
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, High Throughput Sequencing Unit W190, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Preller
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Stefan Aretz
- National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bettina Wiese
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Henriettenstift, Diakovere Krankenhaus gGmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Hartmann
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruthild G Weber
- Department of Human Genetics OE 6300, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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20
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Wang M, Li C, Shi W. FAM84B acts as a tumor promoter in human glioma via affecting the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Biofactors 2021; 47:600-611. [PMID: 33759248 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Family with sequence similarity 84, member B (FAM84B) has recently emerged as an oncoprotein in multiple types of cancer. However, whether FAM84B modulates the progression of glioma has not been determined. The goals of this work were to assess the possible relationship between FAM84B and glioma. Our data revealed high FAM84B level in glioma specimens and exhibited that the overexpression of FAM84B was correlated with a low survival rate in glioma patients. Cellular functional assays showed that silencing of FAM84B prohibited the proliferation and invasion, and induced the apoptosis of glioma cells. Further results determined that the knockdown of FAM84B remarkably decreased the levels of phosphorylated Akt and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, and active β-catenin. Inhibition of Akt abolished the FAM84B-mediated promotion effects on Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The subcutaneous xenograft assay confirmed that the silencing of FAM84B significantly prohibited the tumorigenicity of glioma cells in vivo. Collectively, the findings from this work demonstrate that the downregulation of FAM84B exhibits a cancer-suppressive role in human glioma through the regulation of Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengliang Li
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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21
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Patro CPK, Nousome D, Lai RK. Meta-Analyses of Splicing and Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Identified Susceptibility Genes of Glioma. Front Genet 2021; 12:609657. [PMID: 33936159 PMCID: PMC8081720 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.609657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The functions of most glioma risk alleles are unknown. Very few studies had evaluated expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and insights of susceptibility genes were limited due to scarcity of available brain tissues. Moreover, no prior study had examined the effect of glioma risk alleles on alternative RNA splicing. Objective This study explored splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTL) as molecular QTL and improved the power of QTL mapping through meta-analyses of both cis eQTL and sQTL. Methods We first evaluated eQTLs and sQTLs of the CommonMind Consortium (CMC) and Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) using genotyping, or whole-genome sequencing and RNA-seq data. Alternative splicing events were characterized using an annotation-free method that detected intron excision events. Then, we conducted meta-analyses by pooling the eQTL and sQTL results of CMC and GTEx using the inverse variance-weighted model. Afterward, we integrated QTL meta-analysis results (Q < 0.05) with the Glioma International Case Control Study (GICC) GWAS meta-analysis (case:12,496, control:18,190), using a summary statistics-based mendelian randomization (SMR) method. Results Between CMC and GTEx, we combined the QTL data of 354 unique individuals of European ancestry. SMR analyses revealed 15 eQTLs in 11 loci and 32 sQTLs in 9 loci relevant to glioma risk. Two loci only harbored sQTLs (1q44 and 16p13.3). In seven loci, both eQTL and sQTL coexisted (2q33.3, 7p11.2, 11q23.3 15q24.2, 16p12.1, 20q13.33, and 22q13.1), but the target genes were different for five of these seven loci. Three eQTL loci (9p21.3, 20q13.33, and 22q13.1) and 4 sQTL loci (11q23.3, 16p13.3, 16q12.1, and 20q13.33) harbored multiple target genes. Eight target genes of sQTLs (C2orf80, SEC61G, TMEM25, PHLDB1, RP11-161M6.2, HEATR3, RTEL1-TNFRSF6B, and LIME1) had multiple alternatively spliced transcripts. Conclusion Our study revealed that the regulation of transcriptome by glioma risk alleles is complex, with the potential for eQTL and sQTL jointly affecting gliomagenesis in risk loci. QTLs of many loci involved multiple target genes, some of which were specific to alternative splicing. Therefore, quantitative trait loci that evaluate only total gene expression will miss many important target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pawan K Patro
- Department of Neurology and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | - Rose K Lai
- Department of Neurology and Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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22
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Eckel-Passow JE, Drucker KL, Kollmeyer TM, Kosel ML, Decker PA, Molinaro AM, Rice T, Praska CE, Clark L, Caron A, Abyzov A, Batzler A, Song JS, Pekmezci M, Hansen HM, McCoy LS, Bracci PM, Wiemels J, Wiencke JK, Francis S, Burns TC, Giannini C, Lachance DH, Wrensch M, Jenkins RB. Adult diffuse glioma GWAS by molecular subtype identifies variants in D2HGDH and FAM20C. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:1602-1613. [PMID: 32386320 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twenty-five germline variants are associated with adult diffuse glioma, and some of these variants have been shown to be associated with particular subtypes of glioma. We hypothesized that additional germline variants could be identified if a genome-wide association study (GWAS) were performed by molecular subtype. METHODS A total of 1320 glioma cases and 1889 controls were used in the discovery set and 799 glioma cases and 808 controls in the validation set. Glioma cases were classified into molecular subtypes based on combinations of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation, and 1p/19q codeletion. Logistic regression was applied to the discovery and validation sets to test for associations of variants with each of the subtypes. A meta-analysis was subsequently performed using a genome-wide P-value threshold of 5 × 10-8. RESULTS Nine variants in or near D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (D2HGDH) on chromosome 2 were genome-wide significant in IDH-mutated glioma (most significant was rs5839764, meta P = 2.82 × 10-10). Further stratifying by 1p/19q codeletion status, one variant in D2HGDH was genome-wide significant in IDH-mutated non-codeleted glioma (rs1106639, meta P = 4.96 × 10-8). Further stratifying by TERT mutation, one variant near FAM20C (family with sequence similarity 20, member C) on chromosome 7 was genome-wide significant in gliomas that have IDH mutation, TERT mutation, and 1p/19q codeletion (rs111976262, meta P = 9.56 × 10-9). Thirty-six variants in or near GMEB2 on chromosome 20 near regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 (RTEL1) were genome-wide significant in IDH wild-type glioma (most significant was rs4809313, meta P = 2.60 × 10-10). CONCLUSIONS Performing a GWAS by molecular subtype identified 2 new regions and a candidate independent region near RTEL1, which were associated with specific glioma molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristen L Drucker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thomas M Kollmeyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Matt L Kosel
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Corinne E Praska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lauren Clark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alissa Caron
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alexej Abyzov
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony Batzler
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jun S Song
- Department of Physics, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Melike Pekmezci
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Helen M Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Lucie S McCoy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Joseph Wiemels
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stephen Francis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Terry C Burns
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Caterina Giannini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Margaret Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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23
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Poetsch L, Bronnimann C, Loiseau H, Frénel JS, Siegfried A, Seizeur R, Gauchotte G, Cappellen D, Carpentier C, Figarella-Branger D, Eimer S, Meyronet D, Ducray F. Characteristics of IDH-mutant gliomas with non-canonical IDH mutation. J Neurooncol 2020; 151:279-286. [PMID: 33205355 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 10% of IDH-mutant gliomas harbour non-canonical IDH mutations (non-p.R132H IDH1 and IDH2 mutations). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of non-canonical IDH-mutant gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed the characteristics of 166 patients with non-canonical IDH mutant gliomas and compared them to those of 155 consecutive patients with IDH1 p.R132H mutant gliomas. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 38 years in patients with non-canonical IDH mutant gliomas and 43 years in glioma patients with IDH1 p.R132H-mutant tumours. Family history of cancer was more frequent among glioma patients harbouring non-canonical IDH mutations than in patients with IDH1 p.R132H mutations (22.2% vs 5.1%; P < 0.05). Tumours were predominantly localised in the frontal lobe regardless of the type of IDH mutation. Compared to IDH1 p.R132H-mutant gliomas, tumours with non-canonical IDH mutations were more frequently found in the infratentorial region (5.5% vs 0%; P < 0.05) and were often multicentric (4.8% vs 0.9%; P < 0.05). Compared to IDH1 P.R132H-mutant gliomas, tumours with non-canonical IDH1 mutations were more frequently astrocytomas (65.6% vs 43%, P < 0.05), while those with IDH2 mutations were more frequently oligodendrogliomas (85% vs 48.3%; P < 0.05). The median overall survival was similar in patients with IDH1 p.R132H-mutant gliomas and patients with non-canonical IDH-mutant gliomas. CONCLUSION Gliomas with non-canonical IDH mutations have distinct radiological and histological characteristics. The presence of such tumours seems to be associated with genetic predisposition to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poetsch
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux- Hôpital Saint André, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Bronnimann
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux- Hôpital Saint André, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - H Loiseau
- Service de Neurochirurgie B, CHU de Bordeaux - Hôpital Pellegrin, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,EA 7435 - IMOTION (Imagerie moléculaire et thérapies innovantes en oncologie) Université de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - J S Frénel
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Centre René Gauducheau, 44800, Saint Herblain, France
| | - A Siegfried
- Service de Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - R Seizeur
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, CHRU de Brest, Université de Brest, Brest, France
| | - G Gauchotte
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CRB BB-0033-00035, CHRU de Nancy, INSERM U1256, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - D Cappellen
- U1035 Inserm - Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques, Inflammatoires et Cancers (BMGIC), Univ. Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Service de Biologie des Tumeurs, CHU de Bordeaux - Hôpital du Haut Lévêque, 33604, Pessac, France
| | - C Carpentier
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epiniere, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - D Figarella-Branger
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France
| | - S Eimer
- Service de Pathologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - D Meyronet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Cell Plasticity department, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Neuro-oncology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - F Ducray
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Cell Plasticity department, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Neuro-oncology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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24
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Schiff D, Van den Bent M, Vogelbaum MA, Wick W, Miller CR, Taphoorn M, Pope W, Brown PD, Platten M, Jalali R, Armstrong T, Wen PY. Recent developments and future directions in adult lower-grade gliomas: Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) and European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) consensus. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:837-853. [PMID: 30753579 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The finding that most grades II and III gliomas harbor isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations conveying a relatively favorable and fairly similar prognosis in both tumor grades highlights that these tumors represent a fundamentally different entity from IDH wild-type gliomas exemplified in most glioblastoma. Herein we review the most recent developments in molecular neuropathology leading to reclassification of these tumors based upon IDH and 1p/19q status, as well as the potential roles of methylation profiling and deletional analysis of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A and 2B. We discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, benefit of surgical resection, and neuroimaging features of lower-grade gliomas as they relate to molecular subtype, including advanced imaging techniques such as 2-hydroxyglutarate magnetic resonance spectroscopy and amino acid PET scanning. Recent, ongoing, and planned studies of radiation therapy and both cytotoxic and targeted chemotherapies are summarized, including both small molecule and immunotherapy approaches specifically targeting the mutant IDH protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schiff
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Martin Van den Bent
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wolfgang Wick
- Divison of Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Ryan Miller
- Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Martin Taphoorn
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Whitney Pope
- Section of Neuroradiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul D Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Mannheim University Hospital, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Terri Armstrong
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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25
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Young JS, Gogos AJ, Morshed RA, Hervey-Jumper SL, Berger MS. Molecular characteristics of diffuse lower grade gliomas: what neurosurgeons need to know. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2020; 162:1929-1939. [PMID: 32472378 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The importance of genomic information in intrinsic brain tumors is highlighted in the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification of gliomas, which now incorporates both phenotype and genotype data to assign a diagnosis. By using genetic markers to both categorize tumors and advise patients on prognosis, this classification system has minimized the risk of tissue sampling error, improved diagnostic accuracy, and reduced inter-rater variability. In the neurosurgical community, it is critical to understand the role genetics plays in tumor biology, what certain mutations mean for the patient's prognosis and adjuvant treatment, and how to interpret the results of sequencing data that are generated following tumor resection. In this review, we examine the critical role of genetics for diagnosis and prognosis and highlight the importance of tumor genetics for neurosurgeons caring for patients with diffuse lower grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Young
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew J Gogos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ramin A Morshed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shawn L Hervey-Jumper
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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26
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Ostrom QT, Adel Fahmideh M, Cote DJ, Muskens IS, Schraw JM, Scheurer ME, Bondy ML. Risk factors for childhood and adult primary brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:1357-1375. [PMID: 31301133 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary brain tumors account for ~1% of new cancer cases and ~2% of cancer deaths in the United States; however, they are the most commonly occurring solid tumors in children. These tumors are very heterogeneous and can be broadly classified into malignant and benign (or non-malignant), and specific histologies vary in frequency by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Epidemiological studies have explored numerous potential risk factors, and thus far the only validated associations for brain tumors are ionizing radiation (which increases risk in both adults and children) and history of allergies (which decreases risk in adults). Studies of genetic risk factors have identified 32 germline variants associated with increased risk for these tumors in adults (25 in glioma, 2 in meningioma, 3 in pituitary adenoma, and 2 in primary CNS lymphoma), and further studies are currently under way for other histologic subtypes, as well as for various childhood brain tumors. While identifying risk factors for these tumors is difficult due to their rarity, many existing datasets can be leveraged for future discoveries in multi-institutional collaborations. Many institutions are continuing to develop large clinical databases including pre-diagnostic risk factor data, and developments in molecular characterization of tumor subtypes continue to allow for investigation of more refined phenotypes. Key Point 1. Brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors that vary significantly in incidence by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.2. The only well-validated risk factors for brain tumors are ionizing radiation (which increases risk in adults and children) and history of allergies (which decreases risk).3. Genome-wide association studies have identified 32 histology-specific inherited genetic variants associated with increased risk of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maral Adel Fahmideh
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David J Cote
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Computational Neuroscience Outcomes Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ivo S Muskens
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeremy M Schraw
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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27
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Tong Y, Tang Y, Li S, Zhao F, Ying J, Qu Y, Niu X, Mu D. Cumulative evidence of relationships between multiple variants in 8q24 region and cancer incidence. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20716. [PMID: 32590746 PMCID: PMC7328976 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple independent cancer susceptibility loci at chromosome 8q24. We aimed to evaluate the associations between variants in the 8q24 region and cancer susceptibility. A comprehensive research synopsis and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate associations between 28 variants in 8q24 and risk of 7 cancers using data from 103 eligible articles totaling 146,932 cancer cases and 219,724 controls. Results: 20 variants were significantly associated with risk of prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, stomach cancer, and glioma, including 1 variant associated with prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer. Cumulative epidemiological evidence of an association was graded as strong for DG8S737 -8 allele, rs10090154, rs7000448 in prostate cancer, rs10808556 in colorectal cancer, rs55705857 in gliomas, rs9642880 in bladder cancer, moderate for rs16901979, rs1447295, rs6983267, rs7017300, rs7837688, rs1016343, rs620861, rs10086908 associated in prostate cancer, rs10505477, rs6983267 in colorectal cancer, rs6983267 in thyroid cancer, rs13281615 in breast cancer, and rs1447295 in stomach cancer, weak for rs6983561, rs13254738, rs7008482, rs4242384 in prostate cancer. Data from ENCODE suggested that these variants with strong evidence and other correlated variants might fall within putative functional regions. Our study provides summary evidence that common variants in the 8q24 are associated with risk of multiple cancers in this large-scale research synopsis and meta-analysis. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying variants in the 8q24 involved in various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tong
- Department of Pediatrics
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound
| | - Shiping Li
- Department of Pediatrics
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Fengyan Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Xiaoyu Niu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
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28
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Zepeda-Mendoza CJ, Vaubel RA, Zarei S, Ida CM, Matthews M, Acree S, Raghunathan A, Giannini C, Jenkins RB. Concomitant 1p/19q co-deletion and IDH1/2, ATRX, and TP53 mutations within a single clone of "dual-genotype" IDH-mutant infiltrating gliomas. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:1105-1107. [PMID: 32170402 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinthya J Zepeda-Mendoza
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rachael A Vaubel
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shabnam Zarei
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Cristiane M Ida
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Sara Acree
- WellStar Health System, Kennestone Regional Medical Center, Marietta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Robert B Jenkins
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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29
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Dissecting Molecular Features of Gliomas: Genetic Loci and Validated Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020685. [PMID: 31968687 PMCID: PMC7014190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, several studies focused on the genetics of gliomas. This allowed identifying several germline loci that contribute to individual risk for tumor development, as well as various somatic mutations that are key for disease classification. Unfortunately, none of the germline loci clearly confers increased risk per se. Contrariwise, somatic mutations identified within the glioma tissue define tumor genotype, thus representing valid diagnostic and prognostic markers. Thus, genetic features can be used in glioma classification and guided therapy. Such copious genomic variabilities are screened routinely in glioma diagnosis. In detail, Sanger sequencing or pyrosequencing, fluorescence in-situ hybridization, and microsatellite analyses were added to immunohistochemistry as diagnostic markers. Recently, Next Generation Sequencing was set-up as an all-in-one diagnostic tool aimed at detecting both DNA copy number variations and mutations in gliomas. This approach is widely used also to detect circulating tumor DNA within cerebrospinal fluid from patients affected by primary brain tumors. Such an approach is providing an alternative cost-effective strategy to genotype all gliomas, which allows avoiding surgical tissue collection and repeated tumor biopsies. This review summarizes available molecular features that represent solid tools for the genetic diagnosis of gliomas at present or in the next future.
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30
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Lee S, Kambhampati M, Almira-Suarez MI, Ho CY, Panditharatna E, Berger SI, Turner J, Van Mater D, Kilburn L, Packer RJ, Myseros JS, Vilain E, Nazarian J, Bornhorst M. Somatic Mosaicism of IDH1 R132H Predisposes to Anaplastic Astrocytoma: A Case of Two Siblings. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1507. [PMID: 32010615 PMCID: PMC6971203 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic astrocytomas are aggressive glial cancers that present poor prognosis and high recurrence. Heterozygous IDH1 R132H mutations are common in adolescent and young adult anaplastic astrocytomas. In a majority of cases, the IDH1 R132H mutation is unique to the tumor, although rare cases of anaplastic astrocytoma have been described in patients with mosaic IDH1 mutations (Ollier disease or Maffucci syndrome). Here, we present two siblings with IDH1 R132H mutant high grade astrocytomas diagnosed at 14 and 26 years of age. Analysis of IDHR132H mutations in the siblings' tumors and non-neoplastic tissues, including healthy regions of the brain, cheek cells, and primary teeth indicate mosaicism of IDHR132H. Whole exome sequencing of the tumor tissue did not reveal any other common mutations between the two siblings. This study demonstrates the first example of IDH1 R132H mosaicism, acquired during early development, that provides an alternative mechanism of cancer predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulgi Lee
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Madhuri Kambhampati
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - M Isabel Almira-Suarez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Cheng-Ying Ho
- Department of Pathology and Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Seth I Berger
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.,Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Joyce Turner
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Division of Oncology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - David Van Mater
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lindsay Kilburn
- Division of Oncology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Roger J Packer
- Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - John S Myseros
- Division of Neurosurgery, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Eric Vilain
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.,Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Bornhorst
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Division of Oncology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States.,Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
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31
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The Genetic Architecture of Gliomagenesis-Genetic Risk Variants Linked to Specific Molecular Subtypes. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122001. [PMID: 31842352 PMCID: PMC6966482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified 25 germline genetic loci that increase the risk of glioma. The somatic tumor molecular alterations, including IDH-mutation status and 1p/19q co-deletion, have been included into the WHO 2016 classification system for glioma. To investigate how the germline genetic risk variants correlate with the somatic molecular subtypes put forward by WHO, we performed a meta-analysis that combined findings from 330 Swedish cases and 876 controls with two other recent studies. In total, 5,103 cases and 10,915 controls were included. Three categories of associations were found. First, variants in TERT and TP53 were associated with increased risk of all glioma subtypes. Second, variants in CDKN2B-AS1, EGFR, and RTEL1 were associated with IDH-wildtype glioma. Third, variants in CCDC26 (the 8q24 locus), C2orf80 (close to IDH), LRIG1, PHLDB1, ETFA, MAML2 and ZBTB16 were associated with IDH-mutant glioma. We therefore propose three etiopathological pathways in gliomagenesis based on germline variants for future guidance of diagnosis and potential functional targets for therapies. Future prospective clinical trials of patients with suspicion of glioma diagnoses, using the genetic variants as biomarkers, are necessary to disentangle how strongly they can predict glioma diagnosis.
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32
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Penas-Prado M, Wu J, Cahill DP, Brat DJ, Costello JF, Kluetz PG, Cairncross JG, van den Bent M, Verhaak RGW, Aboud O, Burger P, Chang SM, Cordova C, Huang RY, Rowe LS, Taphoorn MJB, Gilbert MR, Armstrong TS. Proceedings of the Comprehensive Oncology Network Evaluating Rare CNS Tumors (NCI-CONNECT) Oligodendroglioma Workshop. Neurooncol Adv 2019; 2:vdz048. [PMID: 33289010 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oligodendroglioma is a rare primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor with highly variable outcome and for which therapy is usually not curative. At present, little is known regarding the pathways involved with progression of oligodendrogliomas or optimal biomarkers for stratifying risk. Developing new therapies for this rare cancer is especially challenging. To overcome these challenges, the neuro-oncology community must be particularly innovative, seeking multi-institutional and international collaborations, and establishing partnerships with patients and advocacy groups thereby ensuring that each patient enrolled in a study is as informative as possible. Methods The mission of the National Cancer Institute's NCI-CONNECT program is to address the challenges and unmet needs in rare CNS cancer research and treatment by connecting patients, health care providers, researchers, and advocacy organizations to work in partnership. On November 19, 2018, the program convened a workshop on oligodendroglioma, one of the 12 rare CNS cancers included in its initial portfolio. The purpose of this workshop was to discuss scientific progress and regulatory challenges in oligodendroglioma research and develop a call to action to advance research and treatment for this cancer. Results The recommendations of the workshop include a multifaceted and interrelated approach covering: biology and preclinical models, data sharing and advanced molecular diagnosis and imaging; clinical trial design; and patient outreach and engagement. Conclusions The NCI-CONNECT program is well positioned to address challenges in oligodendroglioma care and research in collaboration with other stakeholders and is developing a list of action items for future initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Wu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joseph F Costello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Paul G Kluetz
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington DC
| | | | | | - Roel G W Verhaak
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Orwa Aboud
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.,Brain Tumor Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter Burger
- Neuropathology Division, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Christine Cordova
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.,NYU School of Medicine, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Raymond Y Huang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lindsay S Rowe
- Radiation Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin J B Taphoorn
- Leiden University Medical Center and Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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33
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Cagney DN, Sul J, Huang RY, Ligon KL, Wen PY, Alexander BM. The FDA NIH Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools (BEST) resource in neuro-oncology. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:1162-1172. [PMID: 29294069 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In early 2016, the FDA and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) published the first version of the glossary included in the Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools (BEST) resource.1 The BEST glossary was constructed to harmonize and clarify terms used in translational science and medical product development and to provide a common language used for communication by those agencies. It is considered a "living" document that will be updated in the future. This review will discuss the main biomarker and clinical outcome categories contained in the BEST glossary as they apply to neuro-oncology, as well as the overlapping and hierarchical relationships among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Cagney
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joohee Sul
- Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Raymond Y Huang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center For Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian M Alexander
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Dahlin AM, Wibom C, Andersson U, Hougaard DM, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Deltour I, Hultman CM, Kähler AK, Karlsson R, Hjalmars U, Melin B. Genetic Variants in the 9p21.3 Locus Associated with Glioma Risk in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: A Case-Control Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1252-1258. [PMID: 31040135 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified germline genetic variants in 25 genetic loci that increase the risk of developing glioma in adulthood. It is not known if these variants increase the risk of developing glioma in children and adolescents and young adults (AYA). To date, no studies have performed genome-wide analyses to find novel genetic variants associated with glioma risk in children and AYA. METHODS We investigated the association between 8,831,628 genetic variants and risk of glioma in 854 patients diagnosed up to the age of 29 years and 3,689 controls from Sweden and Denmark. Recruitment of patients and controls was population based. Genotyping was performed using Illumina BeadChips, and untyped variants were imputed with IMPUTE2. We selected 41 established adult glioma risk variants for detailed investigation. RESULTS Three adult glioma risk variants, rs634537, rs2157719, and rs145929329, all mapping to the 9p21.3 (CDKN2B-AS1) locus, were associated with glioma risk in children and AYA. The strongest association was seen for rs634537 (odds ratioG = 1.21; 95% confidence interval = 1.09-1.35; P = 5.8 × 10-4). In genome-wide analysis, an association with risk was suggested for 129 genetic variants (P <1 × 10-5). CONCLUSIONS Carriers of risk alleles in the 9p21.3 locus have an increased risk of glioma throughout life. The results from genome-wide association analyses require validation in independent cohorts. IMPACT Our findings line up with existing evidence that some, although not all, established adult glioma risk variants are associated with risk of glioma in children and AYA. Validation of results from genome-wide analyses may reveal novel susceptibility loci for glioma in children and AYA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Dahlin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Carl Wibom
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - David M Hougaard
- Department of Congenital Disorders, Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- Department of Congenital Disorders, Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabelle Deltour
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Unit of Statistics, Bioinformatics and Registry, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina M Hultman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Anna K Kähler
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hjalmars
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Tong Y, Ye L, Li S, Zhao F, Ying J, Qu Y, Li J, Mu D. The association of 6 variants of 8q24 and the risk of glioma: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16205. [PMID: 31277128 PMCID: PMC6635291 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advances in sequencing technologies and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), several inherited variants that increase glioma risk have been identified. Ten studies including 8818 cases and 17,551 controls were collected to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the associations between 6 variants in 8q24 and glioma risk. Of the 6 variants located in 8q24, 2 have strong significant associations with the risk of glioma, including rs4295627 (P = .003, odds ratio [OR] = 1.21), rs55705857 (P = 2.31 × 10, OR = 3.54). In particular, both homozygous GG (P = 1.91 × 10, OR1 = 2.01) and heterozygous GT (P = 7.75 × 10, OR2 = 1.35) genotypes of rs4295627 were associated with glioma risk. Further studies are needed to explore the role of the 8q24 variants involved in the etiology of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Lv Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Shiping Li
- Chendu Gaoxin-Daan Medical Laboratory Co Ltd Pathology Lab, China
| | - Fengyan Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
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Molinaro AM, Taylor JW, Wiencke JK, Wrensch MR. Genetic and molecular epidemiology of adult diffuse glioma. Nat Rev Neurol 2019; 15:405-417. [PMID: 31227792 PMCID: PMC7286557 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-019-0220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The WHO 2007 glioma classification system (based primarily on tumour histology) resulted in considerable interobserver variability and substantial variation in patient survival within grades. Furthermore, few risk factors for glioma were known. Discoveries over the past decade have deepened our understanding of the molecular alterations underlying glioma and have led to the identification of numerous genetic risk factors. The advances in molecular characterization of glioma have reframed our understanding of its biology and led to the development of a new classification system for glioma. The WHO 2016 classification system comprises five glioma subtypes, categorized by both tumour morphology and molecular genetic information, which led to reduced misclassification and improved consistency of outcomes within glioma subtypes. To date, 25 risk loci for glioma have been identified and several rare inherited mutations that might cause glioma in some families have been discovered. This Review focuses on the two dominant trends in glioma science: the characterization of diagnostic and prognostic tumour markers and the identification of genetic and other risk factors. An overview of the many challenges still facing glioma researchers is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Jennie W Taylor
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Eckel-Passow JE, Decker PA, Kosel ML, Kollmeyer TM, Molinaro AM, Rice T, Caron AA, Drucker KL, Praska CE, Pekmezci M, Hansen HM, McCoy LS, Bracci PM, Erickson BJ, Lucchinetti CF, Wiemels JL, Wiencke JK, Bondy ML, Melin B, Burns TC, Giannini C, Lachance DH, Wrensch MR, Jenkins RB. Using germline variants to estimate glioma and subtype risks. Neuro Oncol 2019; 21:451-461. [PMID: 30624711 PMCID: PMC6422428 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twenty-five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with adult diffuse glioma risk. We hypothesized that the inclusion of these 25 SNPs with age at diagnosis and sex could estimate risk of glioma as well as identify glioma subtypes. METHODS Case-control design and multinomial logistic regression were used to develop models to estimate the risk of glioma development while accounting for histologic and molecular subtypes. Case-case design and logistic regression were used to develop models to predict isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status. A total of 1273 glioma cases and 443 controls from Mayo Clinic were used in the discovery set, and 852 glioma cases and 231 controls from UCSF were used in the validation set. All samples were genotyped using a custom Illumina OncoArray. RESULTS Patients in the highest 5% of the risk score had more than a 14-fold increase in relative risk of developing an IDH mutant glioma. Large differences in lifetime absolute risk were observed at the extremes of the risk score percentile. For both IDH mutant 1p/19q non-codeleted glioma and IDH mutant 1p/19q codeleted glioma, the lifetime risk increased from almost null to 2.3% and almost null to 1.7%, respectively. The SNP-based model that predicted IDH mutation status had a validation concordance index of 0.85. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that germline genotyping can provide new tools for the initial management of newly discovered brain lesions. Given the low lifetime risk of glioma, risk scores will not be useful for population screening; however, they may be useful in certain clinically defined high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics & Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matt L Kosel
- Division of Biomedical Statistics & Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas M Kollmeyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alissa A Caron
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kristen L Drucker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Corinne E Praska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Melike Pekmezci
- Department of Pathology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Helen M Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lucie S McCoy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph L Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Terry C Burns
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caterina Giannini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Hummel S, Kohlmann W, Kollmeyer TM, Jenkins R, Sonnen J, Palmer CA, Colman H, Abbott D, Cannon-Albright L, Cohen AL. The contribution of the rs55705857 G allele to familial cancer risk as estimated in the Utah population database. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:190. [PMID: 30823903 PMCID: PMC6397494 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IDH1/2 mutated glioma has been associated with a germline risk variant, the rs55705857 G allele. The Utah Population Database (UPDB), a computerized genealogy of people in Utah, is a unique resource to evaluate cancer risk in related individuals. METHODS One hundred and two individuals with IDH1/2 mutant or 1p/19q co-deleted glioma were genotyped and linked to the UPDB. DNA came from blood (21), tumor tissue (43), or both (38). We determined congruence between somatic and germline samples and estimated the relative risk for developing cancer to first and second-degree relatives of G and A allele carriers at rs55705857. RESULTS Somatic (glioma) DNA had 85.7% sensitivity (CI 57.2-98.2%) and 95.8% specificity (CI 78.9-99.89%) for germline rs55705857 G allele. Forty-one patients were linked to pedigrees in the UPDB with at least three generations of data. First-degree relatives of rs55705857 G allele carriers were at significantly increased risk for developing cancer (RR = 1.72, p = 0.045, CI 1.02-2.94), and specifically for oligodendroglioma (RR = 57.61, p = 0.017, CI 2.96-320.98) or prostate cancer (RR = 4.10, p = 0.008, CI 1.62-9.58); relatives of individuals without the G allele were not at increased risk. Second-degree relatives of G allele carriers also had significantly increased risk for developing cancer (RR = 1.50, p = 0.007, CI 1.15-2.01). CONCLUSIONS Tumor DNA may approximate genotype at the rs55705857 locus. We confirmed this locus confers an increased risk of all cancers and especially of oligodendroglioma. No increased cancer or brain tumor risk is seen in family members of individuals without the high-risk G allele.
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Grants
- P30 CA042014 NCI NIH HHS
- Contract No. HHSN261201300017I Utah Cancer Registry, National Cancer Institute's SEER, Utah State Department of Health, University of Utah
- P30CA42014 Huntsman Cancer Institute, Huntsman Cancer Foundation, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute of the NIH
- NA/Student Research University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics/Pediatric Division of Medical Genetics, Graduate Program in Genetic Counseling
- Utah Cancer Registry, National Cancer Institute’s SEER, Utah State Department of Health, University of Utah
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics/Pediatric Division of Medical Genetics, Graduate Program in Genetic Counseling
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hummel
- Department of Human Genetics/Pediatric Division of Medical Genetics, Graduate Program in Genetic Counseling, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North 2030 East, Salt Lake City, 84112 Utah USA
| | - Wendy Kohlmann
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
| | - Thomas M. Kollmeyer
- The Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, Minnesota USA
| | - Robert Jenkins
- The Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, Minnesota USA
| | - Joshua Sonnen
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
| | - Cheryl A. Palmer
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
| | - Howard Colman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
| | - Diana Abbott
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
| | - Adam L. Cohen
- Division of Oncology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah USA
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González-Castro TB, Juárez-Rojop IE, López-Narváez ML, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Genis-Mendoza AD, Pérez-Hernández N, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Rodríguez-Pérez JM. Genetic Polymorphisms of CCDC26 rs891835, rs6470745, and rs55705857 in Glioma Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Biochem Genet 2019; 57:583-605. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-019-09911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Abstract
Incidence, prevalence, and survival for diffuse low-grade gliomas and diffuse anaplastic gliomas (including grade II and grade III astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas) varies by histologic type, age at diagnosis, sex, and race/ethnicity. Significant progress has been made in identifying potential risk factors for glioma, although more research is warranted. The strongest risk factors that have been identified thus far include allergies/atopic disease, ionizing radiation, and heritable genetic factors. Further analysis of large, multicenter epidemiologic studies, and well-annotated "omic" datasets, can potentially lead to further understanding of the relationship between gene and environment in the process of brain tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Bauchet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Montpellier University Medical Center, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030-3498, USA.
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Liu Z, Che P, Mercado JJ, Hackney JR, Friedman GK, Zhang C, You Z, Zhao X, Ding Q, Kim K, Li H, Liu X, Markert JM, Nabors B, Gillespie GY, Zhao R, Han X. Characterization of iPSCs derived from low grade gliomas revealed early regional chromosomal amplifications during gliomagenesis. J Neurooncol 2019; 141:289-301. [PMID: 30460631 PMCID: PMC6344247 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-03047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION IDH1 mutation has been identified as an early genetic event driving low grade gliomas (LGGs) and it has been proven to exerts a powerful epigenetic effect. Cells containing IDH1 mutation are refractory to epigenetical reprogramming to iPSC induced by expression of Yamanaka transcription factors, a feature that we employed to study early genetic amplifications or deletions in gliomagenesis. METHODS We made iPSC clones from freshly surgically resected IDH1 mutant LGGs by forced expression of Yamanaka transcription factors. We sequenced the IDH locus and analyzed the genetic composition of multiple iPSC clones by array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). RESULTS We hypothesize that the primary cell pool isolated from LGG tumor contains a heterogeneous population consisting tumor cells at various stages of tumor progression including cells with early genetic lesions if any prior to acquisition of IDH1 mutation. Because cells containing IDH1 mutation are refractory to reprogramming, we predict that iPSC clones should originate only from LGG cells without IDH1 mutation, i.e. cells prior to acquisition of IDH1 mutation. As expected, we found that none of the iPSC clones contains IDH1 mutation. Further analysis by aCGH of the iPSC clones reveals that they contain regional chromosomal amplifications which are also present in the primary LGG cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that there exists a subpopulation of cells harboring gene amplification but without IDH1 mutation in the LGG primary cell pool. Further analysis of TCGA LGG database demonstrates that these regional chromosomal amplifications are also present in some cases of low grade gliomas indicating they are reoccurring lesions in glioma albeit at a low frequency. Taken together, these data suggest that regional chromosomal alterations may exist prior to the acquisition of IDH mutations in at least some cases of LGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Pulin Che
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Juan J Mercado
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - James R Hackney
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Gregory K Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55904, USA
| | - Zhiying You
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Xinyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kitai Kim
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, The Center for Cell Engineering, The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55904, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - James M Markert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Burt Nabors
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - G Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Shelby 714, 1825 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Xiaosi Han
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1020 Faculty Office Tower, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Lancho O, Herranz D. The MYC Enhancer-ome: Long-Range Transcriptional Regulation of MYC in Cancer. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:810-822. [PMID: 30470303 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MYC is one of the most important oncogenes in cancer. Indeed, MYC is upregulated in 50-60% of all tumors. MYC overexpression can be achieved through a variety of mechanisms, including gene duplications, chromosomal translocations, or somatic mutations leading to increased MYC stability. However, recent studies have identified numerous tissue-specific noncoding enhancers of MYC that play major roles in cancer, highlighting long-range transcriptional regulation of MYC as a critical novel mechanism leading to MYC hyperactivation and as a potential target for new therapeutic strategies in the near future. Here we summarize the regions and mechanisms involved in the long-range transcriptional regulation of MYC, underscoring the relevance of MYC enhancers both in normal physiological development and in MYC-driven cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Lancho
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel Herranz
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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Wick W, Osswald M, Wick A, Winkler F. Treatment of glioblastoma in adults. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2018; 11:1756286418790452. [PMID: 30083233 PMCID: PMC6071154 DOI: 10.1177/1756286418790452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of a glioblastoma is mainly made on the basis of their microscopic appearance with the additional determination of epigenetic as well as mutational analyses as deemed appropriate and taken into account in different centers. How far the recent discovery of tumor networks will stimulate novel treatments is a subject of intensive research. A tissue diagnosis is the mainstay. Regardless of age, patients should undergo a maximal safe resection. Magnetic resonance imaging is the surrogate parameter of choice for follow up. Patients should receive chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide with the radiation schedule adapted to performance status, age and tumor location. The use of temozolomide may be reconsidered according to methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status; patients with an active promoter may be subjected to a trial or further molecular work-up in order to potentially replace temozolomide; patients with an inactive (hypermethylated) MGMT promoter may be counseled for the co-treatment with the methylating and alkylating compound lomustine in addition to temozolomide. Tumor-treating fields are an additive option independent of the MGMT status. Determination of recurrence is still challenging. Patients with clinical or radiographic confirmed progression should be counseled for a second surgical intervention, that is, to reach another macroscopic removal of the tumor bulk or to obtain tissue for an updated molecular analysis. Immune therapeutic approaches may be dependent on tumor types and molecular signatures. In newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma, bevacizumab prolongs progression-free survival without affecting overall survival in an unselected population of glioblastoma patients. Whether or not selection can be made on the basis of molecular or imaging parameters remains to be determined. Some patients may benefit from a second radiotherapy. In our view, the near future will provide support for translating the amazing progress in understanding the molecular background of glioblastoma in to more complex, but promising therapy concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic & National Center for Tumor
Disease, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Osswald
- Neurology Clinic, University of Heidelberg,
Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium
(DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Wick
- Neurology Clinic, University of Heidelberg,
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ),
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic, University of Heidelberg,
Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium
(DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
Incidence, prevalence, and survival for brain tumors varies by histologic type, age at diagnosis, sex, and race/ethnicity. Significant progress has been made in identifying potential risk factors for brain tumors, although more research is warranted. The strongest risk factors that have been identified thus far include allergies/atopic disease, ionizing radiation, and heritable genetic factors. Further analysis of large, multicenter, epidemiologic studies, as well as well annotated omic datasets (including genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, or metabolomics data) can potentially lead to further understanding of the relationship between gene and environment in the process of brain tumor development.
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Ruiz VY, Praska CE, Armstrong G, Kollmeyer TM, Yamada S, Decker PA, Kosel ML, Eckel-Passow JE, Lachance DH, Bainbridge MN, Melin BS, Bondy ML, Jenkins RB. Molecular subtyping of tumors from patients with familial glioma. Neuro Oncol 2018; 20:810-817. [PMID: 29040662 PMCID: PMC5961123 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Single-gene mutation syndromes account for some familial glioma (FG); however, they make up only a small fraction of glioma families. Gliomas can be classified into 3 major molecular subtypes based on isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and 1p/19q codeletion. We hypothesized that the prevalence of molecular subtypes might differ in familial versus sporadic gliomas and that tumors in the same family should have the same molecular subtype. Methods Participants in the FG study (Gliogene) provided samples for germline DNA analysis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors were obtained from a subset of FG cases, and DNA was extracted. We analyzed tissue from 75 families, including 10 families containing a second affected family member. Copy number variation data were obtained using a first-generation Affymetrix molecular inversion probe (MIP) array. Results Samples from 62 of 75 (83%) FG cases could be classified into the 3 subtypes. The prevalence of the molecular subtypes was: 30 (48%) IDH-wildtype, 21 (34%) IDH-mutant non-codeleted, and 11 (19%) IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted. This distribution of molecular subtypes was not statistically different from that of sporadic gliomas (P = 0.54). Of 10 paired FG samples, molecular subtypes were concordant for 7 (κ = 0.59): 3 IDH-mutant non-codeleted, 2 IDH-wildtype, and 2 IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted gliomas. Conclusions Our data suggest that within individual families, patients develop gliomas of the same molecular subtype. However, we did not observe differences in the prevalence of the molecular subtypes in FG compared with sporadic gliomas. These observations provide further insight into the distribution of molecular subtypes in FG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Y Ruiz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Corinne E Praska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas M Kollmeyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Seiji Yamada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matthew L Kosel
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matthew N Bainbridge
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Beatrice S Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Ostrom QT, Kinnersley B, Wrensch MR, Eckel-Passow JE, Armstrong G, Rice T, Chen Y, Wiencke JK, McCoy LS, Hansen HM, Amos CI, Bernstein JL, Claus EB, Il'yasova D, Johansen C, Lachance DH, Lai RK, Merrell RT, Olson SH, Sadetzki S, Schildkraut JM, Shete S, Rubin JB, Lathia JD, Berens ME, Andersson U, Rajaraman P, Chanock SJ, Linet MS, Wang Z, Yeager M, Houlston RS, Jenkins RB, Melin B, Bondy ML, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex-specific glioma genome-wide association study identifies new risk locus at 3p21.31 in females, and finds sex-differences in risk at 8q24.21. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7352. [PMID: 29743610 PMCID: PMC5943590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Incidence of glioma is approximately 50% higher in males. Previous analyses have examined exposures related to sex hormones in women as potential protective factors for these tumors, with inconsistent results. Previous glioma genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not stratified by sex. Potential sex-specific genetic effects were assessed in autosomal SNPs and sex chromosome variants for all glioma, GBM and non-GBM patients using data from four previous glioma GWAS. Datasets were analyzed using sex-stratified logistic regression models and combined using meta-analysis. There were 4,831 male cases, 5,216 male controls, 3,206 female cases and 5,470 female controls. A significant association was detected at rs11979158 (7p11.2) in males only. Association at rs55705857 (8q24.21) was stronger in females than in males. A large region on 3p21.31 was identified with significant association in females only. The identified differences in effect of risk variants do not fully explain the observed incidence difference in glioma by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Population and Quantitative Heath Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yanwen Chen
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lucie S McCoy
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Helen M Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Oncology clinic, Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Survivorship Research Unit, The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rose K Lai
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael E Berens
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ulrika Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Preetha Rajaraman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Martha S Linet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Core Genotyping Facility, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
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Labreche K, Kinnersley B, Berzero G, Di Stefano AL, Rahimian A, Detrait I, Marie Y, Grenier-Boley B, Hoang-Xuan K, Delattre JY, Idbaih A, Houlston RS, Sanson M. Diffuse gliomas classified by 1p/19q co-deletion, TERT promoter and IDH mutation status are associated with specific genetic risk loci. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:743-755. [PMID: 29460007 PMCID: PMC5904227 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies of glioma have led to the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 25 loci influencing risk. Gliomas are heterogeneous, hence to investigate the relationship between risk SNPs and glioma subtype we analysed 1659 tumours profiled for IDH mutation, TERT promoter mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion. These data allowed definition of five molecular subgroups of glioma: triple-positive (IDH mutated, 1p/19q co-deletion, TERT promoter mutated); TERT-IDH (IDH mutated, TERT promoter mutated, 1p/19q-wild-type); IDH-only (IDH mutated, 1p/19q wild-type, TERT promoter wild-type); triple-negative (IDH wild-type, 1p/19q wild-type, TERT promoter wild-type) and TERT-only (TERT promoter mutated, IDH wild-type, 1p/19q wild-type). Most glioma risk loci showed subtype specificity: (1) the 8q24.21 SNP for triple-positive glioma; (2) 5p15.33, 9p21.3, 17p13.1 and 20q13.33 SNPs for TERT-only glioma; (3) 1q44, 2q33.3, 3p14.1, 11q21, 11q23.3, 14q12, and 15q24.2 SNPs for IDH mutated glioma. To link risk SNPs to target candidate genes we analysed Hi-C and gene expression data, highlighting the potential role of IDH1 at 2q33.3, MYC at 8q24.21 and STMN3 at 20q13.33. Our observations provide further insight into the nature of susceptibility to glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Labreche
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ben Kinnersley
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Giulia Berzero
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- University of Pavia and C. Mondino National Institute of Neurology, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Amithys Rahimian
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Ines Detrait
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Marie
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Khe Hoang-Xuan
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Delattre
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Marc Sanson
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM CNRS, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neurologie 2-Mazarin, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Barthel FP, Wesseling P, Verhaak RGW. Reconstructing the molecular life history of gliomas. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:649-670. [PMID: 29616301 PMCID: PMC5904231 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1842-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
At the time of their clinical manifestation, the heterogeneous group of adult and pediatric gliomas carries a wide range of diverse somatic genomic alterations, ranging from somatic single-nucleotide variants to structural chromosomal rearrangements. Somatic abnormalities may have functional consequences, such as a decrease, increase or change in mRNA transcripts, and cells pay a penalty for maintaining them. These abnormalities, therefore, must provide cells with a competitive advantage to become engrained into the glioma genome. Here, we propose a model of gliomagenesis consisting of the following five consecutive phases that glioma cells have traversed prior to clinical manifestation: (I) initial growth; (II) oncogene-induced senescence; (III) stressed growth; (IV) replicative senescence/crisis; (V) immortal growth. We have integrated the findings from a large number of studies in biology and (neuro)oncology and relate somatic alterations and other results discussed in these papers to each of these five phases. Understanding the story that each glioma tells at presentation may ultimately facilitate the design of novel, more effective therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris P Barthel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center/Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center/Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel G W Verhaak
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
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49
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Holdhoff M, Cairncross GJ, Kollmeyer TM, Zhang M, Zhang P, Mehta MP, Werner-Wasik M, Souhami L, Bahary JP, Kwok Y, Hartford AC, Chakravarti A, Yegnasubramanian S, Vogelstein B, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler K, Jenkins RB, Bettegowda C. Genetic landscape of extreme responders with anaplastic oligodendroglioma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35523-35531. [PMID: 28388591 PMCID: PMC5482595 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The NRG Oncology RTOG 9402 trial showed significant survival benefit in patients with 1p/19q co-deleted anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (AO) who received both radiation (RT) and chemotherapy (PCV regimen) versus RT alone. Substantial separation of the survival curves was only seen after 7.3 years. We aimed to determine whether there are specific genetic alterations that distinguish co-deleted AO patients who benefit from the addition of PCV from those who do not. Methods: We performed whole exome sequencing on matched tumor and normal DNA from all available short-term (STS) and long-term survivors (LTS) who received RT+PCV. hTERT status and rs55705857 genotypes (G-allele) were analyzed in both cohorts. Results: Six STS (survival of <7.3y) and 7 LTS (survival of ≥7.3y and no progression) had sufficient material for analysis. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding age, performance status and extent of resection. On average, STS had 7 and LTS 4 mutations. Most common mutations in STS vs. LTS were: IDH1 (67 vs. 86%), CIC (50 vs. 71%) and FUBP1 (17 vs. 71%). The hTERT promoter was mutated in 83% STS and 86% LTS. Genotyping of rs55705857 showed a higher prevalence of G allele carriers in LTS than STS (43 vs. 17%). Conclusions These findings confirm that IDH, CIC, FUBP1 mutations and rs55705857 genotype are common in AO. No distinct genetic signature was identified to differentiate STS and LTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Holdhoff
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Ming Zhang
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peixin Zhang
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Minesh P Mehta
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Luis Souhami
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Bahary
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Young Kwok
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Bert Vogelstein
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Kenneth Kinzler
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Chetan Bettegowda
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
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50
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Mikhailova V, Gulaia V, Tiasto V, Rybtsov S, Yatsunskaya M, Kagansky A. Towards an advanced cell-based in vitro glioma model system. AIMS GENETICS 2018; 5:91-112. [PMID: 31435515 PMCID: PMC6698577 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2018.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The modulation of tumor growth and development in vitro has always been one of the key factors in the research of the malignant transformation, including gliomas, prevalent and most deadly cancers of the brain. Indeed, cellular and molecular biology research employing in vitro model cell-based systems have great potential to advance both the mechanistic understanding and the treatment of human glial tumors, as it facilitates not only the understanding of glioma biology and its regulatory mechanisms Additionally they promise to afford the screening of the putative anti-tumor agents and alternative treatment approaches in a personalized manner, i.e. by virtue of using the patient-derived tumor material for such tests. However, in order to become reliable and representative, glioma model systems need to move towards including most inherent cancer features such as local hypoxia, specific genetic aberrations, native tumor microenvironment, and the three-dimensional extracellular matrix. This review starts with a brief introduction on the general epidemiological and molecular characteristics of gliomas followed by an overview of the cell-based in vitro models currently used in glioma research. As a conclusion, we suggest approaches to move to innovative cell-based in vitro glioma models. We consider that main criteria for selecting these approaches should include the adequate resemblance to the key in vivo characteristics, robustness, cost-effectiveness and ease to use, as well as the amenability to high throughput handling to allow the standardized drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriia Mikhailova
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriia Gulaia
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Vladlena Tiasto
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine of the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Margarita Yatsunskaya
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS 159, Stoletij Vladivostoku Avenue, 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Kagansky
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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