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Xiao X, Ding Z, Shi Y, Zhang Q. Causal Role of Immune Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. COPD 2024; 21:2327352. [PMID: 38573027 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2327352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has highlighted the importance of immune cells in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the understanding of the causal association between immunity and COPD remains incomplete due to the existence of confounding variables. In this study, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, utilizing the genome-wide association study database, to investigate the causal association between 731 immune-cell signatures and the susceptibility to COPD from a host genetics perspective. To validate the consistency of our findings, we utilized MR analysis results of lung function data to assess directional concordance. Furthermore, we employed MR-Egger intercept tests, Cochrane's Q test, MR-PRESSO global test, and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analyses to evaluate the presence of horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and stability, respectively. Inverse variance weighting results showed that seven immune phenotypes were associated with the risk of COPD. Analyses of heterogeneity and pleiotropy analysis confirmed the reliability of MR results. These results highlight the interactions between the immune system and the lungs. Further investigations into their mechanisms are necessary and will contribute to inform targeted prevention strategies for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yujia Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Wang SW, Ding J, Wen X, Li T, Yang L, Peng J, Dong Y, Mi W, Gao Y, Sun G. Causal role of immune cells in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: Mendelian randomization (MR) study. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:165-171. [PMID: 38838789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are prevalent psychiatric conditions linked to inflammatory processes. However, it is unclear whether associations of immune cells with these disorders are likely to be causal. METHODS We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the relationship between 731 immune cells and the risk of MDD and BD. Rigorous sensitivity analyses are conducted to assess the reliability, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy of the findings. RESULTS Genetically-predicted CD27 on IgD+ CD38- unswitched memory B cell (inverse variance weighting (IVW): odds ratio (OR) [95 %]: 1.017 [1.007 to 1.027], p = 0.001), CD27 on IgD+ CD24+ B cell (IVW: OR [95 %]: 1.021 [1.011 to 1.031], p = 4.821E-05) and other 12 immune cells were associated with increased risk of MDD in MR, while HLA DR++ monocyte %leukocyte (IVW: OR [95 %]: 0.973 [0.948 to 0.998], p = 0.038), CD4 on Central Memory CD4+ T cell (IVW: OR [95 %]: 0.979 [0.963 to 0.995], p = 0.011) and other 13 immune cells were associated with decreased risk of MDD in MR. Additionally, CD33+ HLA DR+ Absolute Count (IVW: OR [95 %]: 1.022[1.007 to 1.036], p = 0.007), CD28+ CD45RA- CD8+ T cell %T cell (IVW: OR [95 %]: 1.024 [1.008 to 1.041], p = 0.004) and other 18 immune cells were associated with increased risk of BD in MR, while CD62L on CD62L+ myeloid Dendritic Cell (IVW: OR [95 %]: 0.926 [0.871 to 0.985], p = 0.014), IgD- CD27- B cell %lymphocyte (IVW: OR [95 %]: 0.918 [0.880 to 0.956], p = 4.654E-05) and other 13 immune cells were associated with decreased risk of BD in MR. CONCLUSIONS This MR study provides robust evidence supporting a causal relationship between immune cells and the susceptibility to MDD and BD, offering valuable insights for future clinical investigations. Experimental studies are also required to further examine causality, mechanisms, and treatment potential for these immune cells for MDD and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430063, China
| | - San-Wang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiahao Ding
- Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy Of Medical Sciences) No. 6699, Qingdao Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430063, China
| | - Jintao Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430063, China
| | - Yingying Dong
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Mi
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yujun Gao
- Clinical and Translational Sciences (CaTS) Lab, The Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China.
| | - Guizhi Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China.
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Qu G, Jiang W, Long Z, Zhou X, Wang Y, Yang G, Tang C, Xu Y. Assessing the causal relationship between immune cells and prostatitis: evidence from bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis. Mamm Genome 2024; 35:474-483. [PMID: 38816661 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Prostatitis represents a common disease of the male genitourinary system, significantly impacting the physical and mental health of male patients. While numerous studies have suggested a potential link between immune cell activity and prostatitis, the exact causal role of immune cells in prostatitis remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and prostatitis using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach. This study utilizes data from the public GWAS database and employs bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal relationship between immune cells and prostatitis. The causal relationship between 731 immune cell features and prostatitis was primarily investigated through inverse variance weighting (IVW), complemented by MR-Egger regression, a simple model, the weighted median method, and a weighted model. Ultimately, the results underwent sensitivity analysis to assess the heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and stability of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in immune cells and prostatitis. MR analysis revealed 17 immune cells exhibiting significant causal effects on prostatitis. In contrast, findings from reverse MR indicated a significant causal relationship between prostatitis and 13 immune cells. Our study utilizes bidirectional Mendelian Randomization to establish causal relationships between specific immune cell phenotypes and prostatitis, highlighting the reciprocal influence between immune system behavior and the disease. Our findings suggest targeted therapeutic approaches and the importance of including diverse populations for broader validation and personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genyi Qu
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Weimin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Zhaohui Long
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China.
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Wang M, Wang S, Yuan G, Gao M, Zhao X, Chu Z, Gao D. Causal role of immune cells in bipolar disorder: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1411280. [PMID: 39220183 PMCID: PMC11362081 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1411280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder (BD) has enhanced in recent years due to the extensive use of high-density genetic markers for genotyping and advancements in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, studies on the relationship between immune cells and the risk of BD remain limited, necessitating further investigation. Methods Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was employed to investigate the causal association between immune cell morphologies and bipolar disorder. Immune cell traits were collected from a research cohort in Sardinia, whereas the GWAS summary statistics for BD were obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, and the combination of MR-Egger and MR-Presso was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran's Q test was employed to evaluate heterogeneity, and the results were adjusted for false discovery rate (FDR). Results The study identified six immune cell phenotypes significantly associated with BD incidence (P< 0.01). These phenotypes include IgD- CD27- %lymphocyte, CD33br HLA DR+ CD14- AC, CD8 on CD28+ CD45RA+ CD8br, CD33br HLA DR+ AC, CD14 on CD14+ CD16+ monocyte, and HVEM on CD45RA- CD4+. After adjusting the FDR to 0.2, two immune cell phenotypes remained statistically significant: IgD-CD27-% lymphocyte (OR=1.099, 95% CI: 1.051-1.149, P = 3.51E-05, FDR=0.026) and CD33br HLA DR+ CD14-AC (OR=0.981, 95% CI: 0.971-0.991, P = 2.17E-04, FDR=0.079). In the reverse MR analysis, BD significantly impacted the phenotypes of four monocytes (P< 0.01), including CD64 on CD14+ CD16+ monocyte, CD64 on monocyte, CX3CR1 on CD14- CD16-, CD64 on CD14+ CD16- monocyte. However, after applying the FDR correction (FDR < 0.2), no statistically significant results were observed. Conclusions This MR investigation reveals associations between immune cell phenotypes, bipolar disorder, and genetics, providing novel perspectives on prospective therapeutic targets for bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxuan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Intelligent and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guoshan Yuan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mingzhou Gao
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiyan Zhao
- Department of Foreign Studies, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenhan Chu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Liang T, Shi H, Cui H, Cui Y, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Shi D, Tian P. Causal relationships between gut microbiota, immune cell, and Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1450544. [PMID: 39206187 PMCID: PMC11349531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1450544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Regulating the immune system is a crucial measure of gut microbiota (GM) that influences the development of diseases. The causal role of GM on Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) and whether it can be mediated by immune cells is still unknown. Methods We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization study using an inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to examine the causal role of GM on HSP and the mediation effect of immune cells between the association of GM and HSP. Results We demonstrated the causal relationships between 14 axas and 6 pathways with HSP. Additionally, we identified 9 immune cell characteristics associated with HSP. Importantly, through mediation MR analysis, we identified several immune cell characteristics that mediate the impact of GM on HSP. For instance, Genus_Blautia affects HSP via Monocyte (HLA DR on CD14+ CD16- monocyte) and Monocyte (HLA DR on monocyte). The proportion of mediation effects further elucidated the complex dynamics between GM exposure, immune markers, and their combined impact on HSP. Conclusion The study suggested a causal relationship between GM and HSP, which may be mediated by immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peichao Tian
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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6
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Long K, Gong A, Zheng T, Liu S, Ying Z, Xiao C. The relationship between metabolite mediated immune regulatory imbalance and the occurrence of malignant tumors of bone and articular cartilage: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1433219. [PMID: 39185420 PMCID: PMC11341416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1433219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to assess the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and malignant tumors of bone and articular cartilage, focusing on the mediating role of metabolites. Using Mendelian randomization, we evaluated these relationships based on genetic variations to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using GWAS data for immune cell features and 1,400 metabolites to investigate direct and mediating effects. Effective instrumental variables (IVs) were selected, and statistical analyses-including inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and mode-based methods-were performed using R software. This approach enabled the assessment of direct causal relationships as well as the potential mediating role of metabolites in the association between immune cell features and malignancies. Results Significant causal relationships were identified between 26 immune phenotypes and the risk of malignant tumors of bone and articular cartilage. Notably, the HLA DR+ NK cell phenotype SSC-A showed a positive correlation with the risk of these malignancies. Further analysis revealed causal relationships with 67 metabolites, 38 of which were positively correlated and 29 negatively correlated. Mediation analysis highlighted the role of immune surveillance and metabolic dysregulation in tumor development, as evidenced by the association between the immune phenotype SSC-A on HLA DR+ NK cells and the metabolite 5-hydroxyhexanoate. Conclusion The findings suggest significant causal relationships between immune phenotypes and malignant tumors of bone and articular cartilage, with metabolites potentially mediating these relationships. These insights lay the groundwork for further research and could contribute to the development of new biomarkers and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehan Long
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Mianyang· Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, China
| | - Ao Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tengfei Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shoushen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhendong Ying
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Mianyang· Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, China
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Zhang HM, Yao B, Li L, Guo SS, Deng HY, Ren YP. Causal relationship between OHSS and immune cells: A Mendelian randomization study. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 165:104314. [PMID: 39173334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To confirm the causal relationship between immune cells and Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. DESIGN Obtaining data, collecting single nucleotide polymorphisms, detecting instrumental variables heterogeneity, assessing causality, and assessing bidirectional causality. SUBJECTS A two sample Mendelian study to confirm the causal relationship between immune cells and Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. EXPOSURE Immune cell phenotype (including 22 million SNPs from GWAS on 3757 European individuals). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Inverse variance weighting, one-sample analysis, MR-Egger, weighted median and weighted mode are used to assess the causal relationship between 731 immunophenotypes and Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. The weighted median and Mendelian Randomization multi-effect residuals and Mendelian Randomization multi-effect residuals and outlier tests are used to assess bidirectional causality between this two. RESULTS After False Discovery Rate correction, 9 immunophenotypes were found to be significantly associated with the risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. B cell panel: IgD+ AC (OR, 0.90) 、CD19 on CD24+ CD27+ (OR, 0.86) 、BAFF-R on CD20- CD38 (OR, -1.22); Mature T cell group panel: EM DN (CD4 -CD8-) AC (OR, 1.46); Myeloid cell panel: Mo MDSC AC (OR, 1.13) 、CD45 on CD33br HLA-DR+ (OR, 0.87); Monocyte panel: HLA-DR on monocyte (OR, 0.86) 、CCR2 on CD14+ CD16+ monocyte (OR, 1.15) 、cDC panel: HLA-DR on myeloid DC (OR, 0.89). CONCLUSION This study shows the potential link between OHSS and immune cells by genetic means, providing new ideas for future clinical and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ming Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medical, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Bo Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medical, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medical, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shi-Shi Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medical, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hong-Yi Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medical, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan-Ping Ren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medical, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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Fu S, Du Y, Pan T, Ma F, He H, Li Y. Causal role of immune cells in aplastic anemia: Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18010. [PMID: 39097629 PMCID: PMC11297992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior research has identified associations between immune cells and aplastic anaemia (AA); however, the causal relationships between them have not been conclusively established. A two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis was conducted to investigate the causal link between 731 immune cell signatures and AA risk using publicly available genetic data. Four types of immune signatures, including relative cell, absolute cell (AC), median fluorescence intensities and morphological parameters, were considered sensitivity analyses were also performed to verify the robustness of the results and assess potential issues such as heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Following multiple test adjustments using the False Discovery Rate (FDR) method, no statistically significant impact of any immunophenotype on AA was observed. However, twelve immunophenotypes exhibited a significant correlation with AA without FDR correction (p of IVW < 0.01), of which eight were harmful to AA: CD127- CD8br %T cell (Treg panel), CD25 on IgD + CD38dim (B cell panel), CD38 on naive-mature B cell (B cell panel), CD39 + resting Treg % CD4 Treg (Treg panel), CD39 + secreting Treg AC (Treg panel), CD8 on CD28 + CD45RA- CD8br (Treg panel), HLA DR + NK AC (TBNK panel), Naive DN (CD4-CD8-) AC (Maturation stages of T cell panel); and four were protective to AA: CD86 on CD62L + myeloid DC (cDC panel), DC AC (cDC panel), DN (CD4-CD8-) NKT %T cell (TBNK panel), and TD CD4 + AC (Maturation stages of T cell panel). The results of this study demonstrate a close link between immune cells and AA by genetic means, thereby improving the current understanding of the interaction between immune cells and AA risk and providing guidance for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yazhe Du
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Teaching Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fuzhe Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Chen Z, Sun H, Zhang W, Hou S, Yang X, Lin J, Ma X, Meng H. Exploring correlations between immune cell phenotypes and the risk of epilepsy: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 157:109896. [PMID: 38905914 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation plays an important pathophysiological role in epilepsy; however, the precise connection between immune cells and epilepsy remains unclear. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to analyze the causal relationship between 731 immune cell traits and epilepsy. METHODS Based on data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS), a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis was conducted to investigate the potential influence of immune cell phenotypes on epilepsy. Five MR methods were used to analyze the results, with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary method, and the results were corrected using the false discovery rate (FDR) method. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. RESULTS After correction for FDR, four immune traits remained significantly associated with epilepsy risk: CD25 expression on memory (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 1.02 ∼ 1.06,P = 2.55 × 10-4), IgD+CD38dim (OR = 1.05, 95 % CI = 1.02 ∼ 1.08, P = 4.73 × 10-4), CD24+CD27+ (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 1.02 ∼ 1.06, P = 4.82 × 10-4), and IgD-CD38dim (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 1.02 ∼ 1.06, P = 1.04 × 10-3) B cells. The risk of generalized epilepsy was significantly associated with two immune cell traits, whereas that of focal epilepsy was significantly associated with seven immune cell traits. Furthermore, immune cell phenotypes are not affected by genetically predicted epilepsy. CONCLUSION This MR study affirms the causal connection between circulating immune cells and epilepsy, offering guidance for further understanding of the immune mechanisms that underlie epilepsy and the discovery of novel targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Chen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huaiyu Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wuqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingqi Lin
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Meng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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10
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Li S, Mao D, Hao Q, You L, Li X, Wu Y, Wei L, Du H. Causal relationship between circulating immune cells and inflammatory bowel disease: A Mendelian randomization analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39056. [PMID: 39058862 PMCID: PMC11272237 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that includes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although IBD is associated with elevated levels of innate and adaptive immunity, the relationship between circulating immune cells and IBD remains largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to determine their causal relationship. Genome-wide association study summary statistics were extracted from publicly available databases regarding immune cell phenotypes and IBD traits (including IBD, Crohn disease, and UC). MR analysis was conducted using 5 MR methods, with inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) as the primary analysis method. False discovery rate correction (FDR) was used to reduce the likelihood of type 1 errors. We also conducted MR-Egger-intercept tests to evaluate horizontal pleiotropy. After FDR adjustment of the P values for the IVW method, the results indicated no causal relationship between immune cell phenotypes and IBD or UC, but 4 immune characteristics were causally associated with Crohn disease. The percentage of human leukocyte antigen DR+ CD4+ T cells in lymphocytes was positively associated with the development of Crohn disease (odd ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.21; P < .001; PFDR = 0.019), whereas the percentage of IgD- CD27- B cells in lymphocytes (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79-0.92; P < .001; PFDR = 0.014), CD28 on CD39+ secreting CD4 regulatory T cells (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89-0.96; P < .001; PFDR = 0.019), and the percentage of naïve CD4+ T cells in all CD4+ T cells (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85-0.95; P < .001; PFDR = 0.027) were negatively related to the risk of Crohn disease. MR analysis of the above 4 immune cell phenotypes revealed no horizontal pleiotropy. In the reverse MR analysis, Crohn disease was not causally associated with any of these immune cell phenotypes. The findings provide insight into the relationship between immune cells and IBD pathogenesis, and may serve as a basis for developing novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Dujuan Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Quanshui Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Lijuan You
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiufang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Yaohua Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Anesthesiology Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
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Serra R, Rallo V, Steri M, Olla S, Piras MG, Marongiu M, Gorospe M, Schlessinger D, Pinna A, Fiorillo E, Cucca F, Angius A. A large-scale screening identified in USH2A gene the P3272L founder pathogenic variant explaining familial Usher syndrome in Sardinia, Italy. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:306. [PMID: 39044131 PMCID: PMC11265335 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Usher syndrome (USH) encompasses a group of disorders characterized by congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). We described the clinical findings, natural history, and molecular analyses of USH patients identified during a large-scale screening to identify quantitative traits related to ocular disorders in the SardiNIA project cohort. METHODS We identified 3 USH-affected families out of a cohort of 6,148 healthy subjects. 9 subjects presented a pathological phenotype, with SNHL and RP. All patients and their family members underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundoscopy, fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and electrophysiological testing. Audiological evaluation was performed with a clinical audiometer. Genotyping was performed using several arrays integrated with whole genome sequence data providing approximately 22 million markers equally distributed for each subject analyzed. Molecular diagnostics focused on analysis of the following candidate genes: MYO7A, USH1C, CDH23, PCDH15, USH1G, CIB2, USH2A, GPR98, DFNB31, CLRN1, and PDZD7. RESULTS A single missense causal variant in USH2A gene was identified in homozygous status in all patients and in heterozygous status in unaffected parents. The presence of multiple homozygous patients with the same phenotypic severity of the syndromic form suggests that the Sardinian USH phenotype is the result of a founder effect on a specific pathogenic variant related haplotype. The frequency of heterozygotes in general Sardinian population is 1.89. Additionally, to provide new insights into the structure of usherin and the pathological mechanisms caused by small pathogenic in-frame variants, like p.Pro3272Leu, molecular dynamics simulations of native and mutant protein-protein and protein-ligand complexes were performed that predicted a destabilization of the protein with a decrease in the free energy change. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that our approach is effective for the genetic diagnosis of USH. Based on the heterozygous frequency, targeted screening of this variant in the general population and in families at risk or with familial USH can be suggested. This can lead to more accurate molecular diagnosis, better genetic counseling, and improved molecular epidemiology data that are critical for future intervention plans. TRIAL REGISTRATION We did not perform any health-related interventions for the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Serra
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rallo
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Maristella Steri
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Stefania Olla
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Piras
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Michele Marongiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute On Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute On Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antonio Pinna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy Ophthalmology Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Edoardo Fiorillo
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Angius
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria Di Cagliari, C/O S.S 554 Bivio Per Sestu Km 4, 500, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy.
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Shen N, Lu S, Kong Z, Gao Y, Hu J, Si S, Wang J, Li J, Han W, Wang R, Lv Z. The causal role between circulating immune cells and diabetic nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization with mediating insights. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:164. [PMID: 39014501 PMCID: PMC11253417 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a critical inflammatory condition linked to diabetes, affecting millions worldwide. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causal relationship between immune cell signatures and DN, analyzing over 731 immune signatures and incorporating data from 1400 metabolites to investigate potential mediators. Despite no statistically significant influence of DN on immunophenotypes after FDR correction, some phenotypes with unadjusted low P-values warranted mention, including CD34 on Hematopoietic Stem Cell (Myeloid cell Panel), CD45 on CD33- HLA DR- (Myeloid cell Panel). Furthermore, three immunophenotypes were identified to have a significant impact on DN risk: CD16-CD56 on HLA DR+ NK (TBNK Panel), CD45 on HLA DR+ T cell (TBNK Panel), and CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+ AC (Myeloid cell Panel). Our findings underscore the critical role of immune cells in DN, highlighting potential mediators and offering new insights into its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shangwei Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijuan Kong
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxiu Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxuan Si
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Junlin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Wang F, Huang G, Luo Y, Xiong K, Liu Y, Wang Y. Causal association of circulating immune cells and lymphoma: A Mendelian randomization study. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240984. [PMID: 39015296 PMCID: PMC11249620 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant lymphoma (ML) is a group of malignant tumors originating from the lymphatic hematopoietic system. Previous studies have found a correlation between circulating immune cells and ML. Nonetheless, the precise influence of circulating immune cells on ML remains uncertain. Methods Based on publicly available genetic data, we explored causal associations between 731 immune cell signatures and ML risk. A total of four types of immune signatures, median fluorescence intensities, relative cell, absolute cell, and morphological parameters were included. Primary analysis was performed using inverse variance weighting (IVW) to assess the causal relationship between circulating immune cells and the risk of ML. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using Cochran's Q test, the Mendelian randomization Egger regression intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis. Results ML had a statistically significant effect on immunophenotypes. Twenty-three immunophenotypes were identified to be significantly associated with Hodgkin lymphoma risk through the IVW approach, and the odds ratio values of CD64 on CD14- CD16+ monocyte [2.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.41-3.79, P1 = 0.001], IgD+ CD24+ B-cell %lymphocyte (2.06, 95% CI = 1.13-3.79, P1 = 0.018), B-cell %lymphocyte (1.94, 95% CI = 1.08-3.50, P1 = 0.027), CD24+ CD27+ B-cell %lymphocyte (1.68, 95% CI = 1.03-2.74, P1 = 0.039), and CD14+ CD16- monocyte %monocyte (1.60, 95% CI = 1.15-2.24, P1 = 0.006) ranked in the top five. Eleven immunophenotypes were identified to be significantly associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk, CD86 on granulocyte (2.35, 95% CI = 1.18-4.69, P1 = 0.015), CD28-CD8+ T-cell absolute count (1.76, 95% CI = 1.03-2.99, P1 = 0.036), CCR2 on myeloid dendritic cell (CD24+ CD27+ B cell, 95% CI = 1.02-1.66, P1 = 0.034), CD3 on effector memory CD8+ T cell (1.29, 95% CI = 1.02-1.64, P1 = 0.012), and natural killer T %lymphocyte (1.28, 95% CI = 1.01-1.62, P1 = 0.046) were ranked in the top five. Conclusion This study presents compelling evidence indicating the correlation between circulating immune cells and lymphoma, thus providing guidance for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Wang
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Guoxin Huang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441000, China
| | - Yuqing Luo
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Kaixin Xiong
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 15, Jiefang Road, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441000, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 78, Hengzhigang, Yuexiu District, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510095, China
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Yu Y, Tong S, Liu T, Cai Y, Song Y, Zhou H, Jiang R. Exploring the causal role of immune cells in cerebral aneurysm through single-cell transcriptomics and Mendelian randomization analysis. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 217:195-203. [PMID: 38661482 PMCID: PMC11239559 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral aneurysm (CA) represents a significant clinical challenge, characterized by pathological dilation of cerebral arteries. Recent evidence underscores the crucial involvement of immune cells in CA pathogenesis. This study aims to explore the complex interplay between immune cells and CA formation. We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from the GSE193533 dataset, focusing on unruptured CA and their controls. Comprehensive cell-type identification and pseudo-time trajectory analyses were conducted to delineate the dynamic shifts in immune cell populations. Additionally, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was employed to investigate the causal influence of various immunophenotypes on CA susceptibility and the reciprocal effect of CA formation on immune phenotypes. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed a progressive loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and an increase in monocytes/macrophages (Mo/MΦ) and other immune cells, signifying a shift from a structural to an inflammatory milieu in CA evolution. MR analysis identified some vital immunophenotypes, such as CD64 on CD14+ CD16+ monocytes (OR: 1.236, 95% CI: 1.064-1.435, P = 0.006), as potential risk factors for CA development, while others, like CD28- CD8br %CD8br (OR: 0.883, 95% CI: 0.789-0.988, P = 0.030), appeared protective. Reverse MR analysis demonstrated that CA formation could modulate specific immunophenotypic expressions, highlighting a complex bidirectional interaction between CA pathology and immune response. This study underscores the pivotal role of immune cells in this process through the integration of single-cell transcriptomics with MR analysis, offering a comprehensive perspective on CA pathogenesis, and potentially guiding future therapeutic strategies targeting specific immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injury and Regenerative Medicine of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People’s Hospital of HongHuaGang District of ZunYi, Zunyi, China
| | - Shiao Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injury and Regenerative Medicine of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injury and Regenerative Medicine of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunpeng Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People’s Hospital of HongHuaGang District of ZunYi, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuanmei Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People’s Hospital of HongHuaGang District of ZunYi, Zunyi, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People’s Hospital of HongHuaGang District of ZunYi, Zunyi, China
| | - Rongcai Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injury and Regenerative Medicine of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
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Chen Y, Jiang B, Qu C, Jiang C, Zhang C, Wang Y, Chen F, Sun X, Su L, Luo Y. Genetically predicted metabolites mediate the causal associations between autoimmune thyroiditis and immune cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1424957. [PMID: 39045270 PMCID: PMC11263034 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1424957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We aimed to comprehensively investigate the causal relationship between 731 immune cell traits and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and to identify and quantify the role of 1400 metabolic traits as potential mediators in between. Methods Using summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) we performed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of genetically predicted AIT and 731 immune cell traits. Furthermore, we used a two-step MR analysis to quantify the proportion of the total effects (that the immune cells exerted on the risk of AIT) mediated by potential metabolites. Results We identified 24 immune cell traits (with odds ratio (OR) ranging from 1.3166 6 to 0.6323) and 10 metabolic traits (with OR ranging from 1.7954 to 0.6158) to be causally associated with AIT, respectively. Five immune cell traits (including CD38 on IgD+ CD24-, CD28 on CD28+ CD45RA+ CD8br, HLA DR+ CD4+ AC, TD CD4+ %CD4+, and CD8 on EM CD8br) were found to be associated with the risk of AIT, which were partially mediated by metabolites (including glycolithocholate sulfate, 5alpha-androstan-3alpha,17beta-diol disulfate, arachidonoylcholine, X-15486, and kynurenine). The proportion of genetically predicted AIT mediated by the identified metabolites could range from 5.58% to 17.7%. Discussion Our study identified causal associations between AIT and immune cells which were partially mediated by metabolites, thus providing guidance for future clinical and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanxue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- General Surgery Center, Department of Thyroid Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xitai Sun
- Division of Pancreas and Metabolism Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqian Luo
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Lan Z, Wei Y, Yue K, He R, Jiang Z. Genetically predicted immune cells mediate the association between gut microbiota and neuropathy pain. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01514-y. [PMID: 38955934 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have indicated a complex association between gut microbiota (GM) and neuropathic pain (NP). Nonetheless, the precise biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Therefore, we adopted a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between GM and neuropathic pain including post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN), and trigeminal neuralgia (TN), as well as to explore the potential mediation effects of immune cells. METHODS We performed a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization study with an inverse variance-weighted (IVW) approach to investigate the causal role of GM on three major kinds of NP and the mediation effect of immune cells between the association of GM and NP. In addition, we determine the strongest causal associations using Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR) analysis. Furthermore, we will investigate the mediating role of immune cells through a two-step Mendelian randomization design. RESULTS We identified 53 taxonomies and pathways of gut microbiota that had significant causal associations with NP. In addition, we also discovered 120 immune cells that exhibited significant causal associations with NP. According to the BWMR and two-step Mendelian randomization analysis, we identified the following results CD4 on CM CD4 + (maturation stages of T cell) mediated 6.7% of the risk reduction for PHN through the pathway of fucose degradation (FUCCAT.PWY). CD28 + DN (CD4-CD8-) AC (Treg) mediated 12.5% of the risk reduction for PHN through the influence on Roseburia inulinivorans. CD45 on lymphocyte (Myeloid cell) mediated 11.9% of the risk increase for TN through the superpathway of acetyl-CoA biosynthesis (PWY.5173). HLA DR + CD8br %T cell (TBNK) mediated 3.2% of the risk reduction for TN through the superpathway of GDP-mannose-derived O-antigen building blocks biosynthesis (PWY.7323). IgD-CD38-AC (B cell) mediated 7.5% of the risk reduction for DPN through the pathway of thiazole biosynthesis I in E. coli (PWY.6892). DISCUSSION These findings provided evidence supporting the causal effect of GM with NP, with immune cells playing a mediating role. These findings may inform prevention strategies and interventions directed toward NP. Future studies should explore other plausible biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Lan
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Kan Yue
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Ruilin He
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Zongbin Jiang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, Nanning, 530005, China.
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Liao J, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Liu P, He L. Causal relationships between peripheral immune cells and Alzheimer's disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:3117-3124. [PMID: 38267604 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research suggests that peripheral immune cells may play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study aims to determine if the composition of peripheral immune cells directly contributes to the occurrence of AD. METHODS We utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to examine the association between peripheral immune cells and AD.The primary analysis method used was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, and we also conducted analyses using MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods to ensure the accuracy of the results.Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were evaluated using Cochran's Q statistics and the MR Egger intercept, respectively. RESULTS The study found a significant correlation between increased IgD + CD24- AC cells (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.03, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.01-1.06, P = 0.0172), increased CD4 + %leukocyte (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02-1.14, P = 0.0086), and increased CD4 + CD8dim AC cells (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01-1.11, P = 0.0218), with an increased susceptibility to AD. Conversely, an increase in EM DN (CD4-CD8-) %T cells (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92-0.99, P = 0.0164) and an increase in DN (CD4-CD8-) AC cells (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88-0.99, P = 0.0145) were associated with a protective effect against AD. CONCLUSION Our findings establish a causal link between peripheral immune cells and AD. This study is the first to examine the relationship between peripheral immune cells and AD using MR, offering valuable insights for early diagnosis and treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liao
- Ruikang Hospital, Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 Huadong Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, Guangxi, 53000, China.
| | - Yongquan Zhang
- Ruikang Hospital, Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 Huadong Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, Guangxi, 53000, China
| | - Zhanhong Tang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning City, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Pinjing Liu
- Ruikang Hospital, Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 Huadong Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, Guangxi, 53000, China
| | - Luoyi He
- Ruikang Hospital, Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 Huadong Road, Xingning District, Nanning City, Guangxi, 53000, China
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Zhao Z, Yan P, Zhang X, Yu X, Lv F, Gong M, Yang XA. Causal role of immune cells on cervical cancer onset revealed by two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14890. [PMID: 38937531 PMCID: PMC11211447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65957-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is a prevalent gynecological cancer worldwide that significantly impacts the quality of life and the physical and mental well-being of women. However, there have been limited studies utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the connection between immune cells and CC. This study is to investigate the causal effects of immune traits on CC and non-neoplastic conditions of the cervix. The GWAS data for 731 immunophenotypes and six GWAS data for CC from the FinnGen database were downloaded. Subsequently, a two-sample MR analysis was conducted using the MR Egger, Weighted median, Inverse variance weighted (IVW), Simple mode, and Weighted mode methods. Our study has identified the potential causal effects of immune traits on inflammatory diseases of the cervix, other noninflammatory disorders of the cervix uteri, carcinoma in situ of cervix uteri, adenocarcinomas of cervix, squamous cell neoplasms and carcinoma of cervix, as well as malignant neoplasm of the cervix uteri, with the respective numbers being 8, 6, 11, 8, 23, and 12, respectively. A strong correlation between classic monocytes and various cervical diseases was revealed. Furthermore, we discovered that B cells expressing BAFF-R have the ability to impede the advancement of malignant CC, specifically squamous cell neoplasms and carcinoma of cervix. Our study has demonstrated a significant association between immune traits and both CC and non-neoplastic conditions of the cervix through two-sample Mendelian randomization, providing valuable insights for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Zhao
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Pengxian Yan
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
- Graduate School of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Fengchun Lv
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Mingyu Gong
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiu-An Yang
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China.
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Zhou J, Wang H, Xu Y, Liu Z. Dissecting the causal role of immunophenotypes in primary sclerosing cholangitis risk: A Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38626. [PMID: 38941430 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic cholestatic liver condition, is frequently associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Specific immune cells have been implicated in PSC pathogenesis with the emergence of the "microbiota" and "gut lymphocyte homing" hypotheses, albeit their identities remain controversial. The first genome-wide association analysis leveraged nonoverlapping data from 3757 Europeans to evaluate 731 immunophenotypes. A genome-wide association analysis comprising 2871 cases and 12,019 controls yielded summary statistics for PSC. An inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis was performed to identify immunophenotypes causally related to PSC, and the results were validated using weighted mode, MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the robustness, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy of the results. IVW analysis revealed 26 immune traits exhibiting causal associations with PSC. CD3 on HLA-DR+ CD4+ (IVW odds ratio [OR]: 0.904; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.828-0.986, P = .023) and CD3 on secreting Treg (IVW OR: 0.893; 95% CI: 0.823-0.969, P = .007) were negatively associated with PSC susceptibility and demonstrated high consistency across the 3 validation methods. Moreover, 7 other immune traits, including CD39+ resting Treg absolute cell (IVW OR = 1.083, 95% CI: 1.013-1.157, P = .019), CD39+ secreting Treg absolute cell (IVW OR = 1.063, 95% CI: 1.012-1.118, P = .015), CD3 on naive CD8br (IVW OR = 0.907, 95% CI: 0.835-0.986, P = .022), CD3 on CD39+ activated Treg (IVW OR = 0.927, 95% CI: 0.864-0.994, P = .034), CD28 on resting Treg (IVW OR = 0.724, 95% CI: 0.630-0.833, P = 5.95E-06), and CD39 on CD39+ CD4+ (IVW OR = 1.055, 95% CI: 1.001-1.112, P = .044) exhibited consistent results in the Weighted Median and Weighted Mode validation methods. Moreover, no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was observed across the single nucleotide polymorphisms. The leave-one-out results revealed that sequentially eliminating each single nucleotide polymorphism had no significant influence on model effect estimates or qualitative inference. This study evaluated potential causal links between 731 immune traits and PSC susceptibility. Twenty-six immune traits were identified using the IVW method. Verification across multiple methods revealed 9 immune traits with a plausible causal connection to PSC. These findings may uncover mechanistic pathways and novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhilin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
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20
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Fang C, Sun Y, Fan C, Lei D. The relationship of immune cells with autism spectrum disorder: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:477. [PMID: 38937836 PMCID: PMC11212275 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05927-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have indicated a correlation between immunological inflammation and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the causal relationship between immunological inflammation and ASD remains uncertain. METHODS Immunity-wide data sources were retrieved from the GWAS catalog. Genetic summary data on ASD were retrieved from two independent GWAS. We performed two independent bi-directional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses and a meta-analysis based on the two independent MR estimates to assess the causal relationship between ASD and immune cell signatures. RESULTS We have discovered 26 potential correlations between genetic predisposition in the immunophenotypes and ASD. The meta-analysis of the two inverse variance weighted (IVW)-produced estimates provided further evidence supporting the potential causal relationship between immunophenotypes and ASD. Based on the findings of the reverse MR analysis, it was determined that there are two potential negative causal relationships between ASD and immunophenotypes. However, the meta-analysis of the two IVW-derived MR estimates indicated that immunophenotypes were not significantly influenced by ASD (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.73 -1.03, P = 0.09; OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.81-1.01, P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS This study expanded immune cell subtypes that were potentially causally associated with ASD risk as well as identified ASD-specific immune cell subtypes. The discovery has the potential to lead to earlier detection and more effective treatment techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Fang
- Outpatient Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yonghao Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Cuifang Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Di Lei
- Department of Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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21
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Xu S, Fang H, Shen T, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Ke Y, Chen Z, Lu Z. Causal association between immune cells and lung cancer risk: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1433299. [PMID: 38962009 PMCID: PMC11219561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1433299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have highlighted the crucial role of immune cells in lung cancer development; however, the direct link between immunophenotypes and lung cancer remains underexplored. Methods We applied two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, using genetic variants as instruments to determine the causal influence of exposures on outcomes. This method, unlike traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs), leverages genetic variants inherited randomly at conception, thus reducing confounding and preventing reverse causation. Our analysis involved three genome-wide association studies to assess the causal impact of 731 immune cell signatures on lung cancer using genetic instrumental variables (IVs). We initially used the standard inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and further validated our findings with three supplementary MR techniques (MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO) to ensure robustness. We also conducted MR-Egger intercept and Cochran's Q tests to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Additionally, reverse MR analysis was performed to explore potential causality between lung cancer subtypes and identified immunophenotypes, using R software for all statistical calculations. Results Our MR analysis identified 106 immune signatures significantly associated with lung cancer. Notably, we found five suggestive associations across all sensitivity tests (P<0.05): CD25 on IgD- CD24- cells in small cell lung carcinoma (ORIVW =0.885; 95% CI: 0.798-0.983; P IVW =0.022); CD27 on IgD+ CD24+ cells in lung squamous cell carcinoma (ORIVW =1.054; 95% CI: 1.010-1.100; P IVW =0.015); CCR2 on monocyte cells in lung squamous cell carcinoma (ORIVW =0.941; 95% CI: 0.898-0.987; P IVW =0.012); CD123 on CD62L+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells (ORIVW =0.958; 95% CI: 0.924-0.992; P IVW =0.017) as well as on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (ORIVW =0.958; 95% CI: 0.924-0.992; P IVW =0.017) in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion This study establishes a significant genomic link between immune cells and lung cancer, providing a robust basis for future clinical research aimed at lung cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengshan Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiying Fang
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yufu Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongxi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongwen Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuowen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuming Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
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22
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Fang X, Huang X, Lu J, Su D. Causal role of immune cells in thyroid cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1425873. [PMID: 38953025 PMCID: PMC11215042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1425873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The immune system plays an important role in the development and treatment of thyroid cancer(THCA).However, the correlation between immune cells and THCA has not been systematically studied. Methods This study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to determine the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and THCA. Based on a large sample of publicly available genetic data, we explored the causal relationship between 731 immune cell characteristics and THCA risk. The 731 immunophenotypes were divided into 7 groups, including B cell panel(n=190),cDC panel(n=64),Maturation stages of T cell panel(n=79),Monocyte panel(n=43),Myeloid cell panel(n=64),TBNK panel(n=124),and Treg panel(n=167). The sensitivity of the results was analyzed, and heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were excluded. Results After FDR correction, the effect of immunophenotype on THCA was not statistically significant. It is worth mentioning, however, that there are some unadjusted low P-values phenotypes. The odds ratio (OR) of CD62L on monocyte on THCA risk was estimated to be 0.953 (95% CI=0.930~0.976, P=1.005×10-4),and which was estimated to be 0.975(95% CI=0.961-0.989, P=7.984×10-4) for Resting Treg%CD4 on THCA risk. Furthermore, THCA was associated with a reduced risk of 5 immunophenotype:CD25 on CD39+ CD4 on Treg (OR=0.871, 95% CI=0.812~0.935, P=1.274×10-4), activated Treg AC (OR=0.884, 95% CI=0.820~0.953, P=0.001), activated & resting Treg % CD4 Treg (OR=0.872, 95%CI=0.811~0.937,P=2.109×10-4),CD28- CD25++ CD8br AC(OR=0.867,95% CI=0.809~0.930,P=6.09×10-5),CD28-CD127-CD25++CD8brAC(OR=0.875,95%CI=0.814~0.942,P=3.619×10-4).THCA was associated with an increased risk of Secreting Treg % CD4 Treg (OR=1.143, 95% CI=1.064~1.229, P=2.779×10-4) and CD19 on IgD+ CD24+ (OR=1.118, 95% CI=1.041~1.120, P=0.002). Conclusions These findings suggest the causal associations between immune cells and THCA by genetic means. Our results may have the potential to provide guidance for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliu Fang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Danke Su
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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23
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Li M, Shi P, Yang H, Liu S, Sun R, Li L, Zhao Z, Sun J. The immune cells have complex causal regulation effects on cancers. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112179. [PMID: 38710118 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There was a large body of evidence linking immune cells to cancer risk. However, the causal relationship between immune cells, cancer, and what genes play an important role is unclear. METHODS In this study, we performed comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis (TSMR) to determine the causal relationship between immune cells and common cancers. We also performed Multimarker Analysis of Genomic Annotation (MAGMA) on immune cells causally associated with cancer to identify their relevant genes and used data summary-based MR (SMR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between their gene expression, methylation, and cancer, and further used drug prediction and molecular docking to validate the medicinal value of the targets. Finally, reverse TSMR analysis was performed on cancer and immune cells to rule out reverse causality. RESULTS After FDR correction (PFDR < 0.05), the results showed that 2 immune cells were associated with lung cancer risk, and 1 immune cell was significantly associated with pancreatic cancer risk. The expression of OSBPL10, CHD4, SMDT1, PHETA2, and NAGA was positively and causally related to the risk of lung cancer by SMR analysis and HEIDI test. We also found that increased expression of ANP32E decreased the risk of pancreatic cancer and that the methylation level of OSBPL10, CHD4, SULF2, CENPM, and CYP2D6 had a causal association with lung cancer. The methylation level of FCGR3A was causally associated with pancreatic cancer. The results of molecular docking indicated a strong affinity between the drugs and proteins that possessed existing structural information. CONCLUSION This data-driven Mendelian randomization (MR) study demonstrates the causal role of immune cells in cancers. In addition, this study identifies candidate genes that may be potential anti-cancer drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzheng Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Huajie Yang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shuailing Liu
- Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; College of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ruixi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Luoxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zetong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Ultrasound Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
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24
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Yuan D, Yang J, Wu W, Amier Y, Li X, Wan W, Huang Y, Li J, Yu X. The immune factors have complex causal regulation effects on kidney stone disease: a mendelian randomization study. BMC Immunol 2024; 25:34. [PMID: 38877395 PMCID: PMC11177369 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-024-00627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have reported the potential impact of immune cells on kidney stone disease (KSD), but definitive causal relationships have yet to be established. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the potential causal association between immune cells and KSD by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS In our study, a thorough two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed by us to determine the potential causal relationship between immune cell traits and kidney stone disease. We included a total of four immune traits (median fluorescence intensity (MFI), relative cellular (RC), absolute cellular (AC), and morphological parameters (MP)), which are publicly available data. GWAS summary data related to KSD (9713 cases and 366,693 controls) were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. The primary MR analysis method was Inverse variance weighted. Cochran's Q test, MR Egger, and MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) were used to assess the stability of the results. RESULTS After FDR correction, the CD8 on HLA DR + CD8br (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93-0.98, p-value = 7.20 × 10- 4, q-value = 0.088) was determined to be distinctly associated with KSD, and we also found other 25 suggestive associations between immune cells and KSD, of which 13 associations were suggested as protective factors and 12 associations were suggested as risk factors. There was no horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity in our MR analysis, as determined by the p-value results of our Cochrane Q-test, MR Egger's intercept test, and MR-PRESSO, which were all > 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Our study has explored the potential causal connection between immune cells and KSD by Mendelian randomization analysis, thus providing some insights for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Yuan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junyi Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weisong Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yirixiatijiang Amier
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xianmiu Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wenlong Wan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yisheng Huang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiabo Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Liberalization Ave, No. 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Li X, Zhou B, Xu F, Liu H, Jia X. Causal effect of immune cells on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A mendelian randomization study. Heart Lung 2024; 68:9-17. [PMID: 38865855 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A key component of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the involvement of immune cells. However, the causal interaction between different immune cell signatures and IPF remain inconclusive. OBJECTIVES Based on publicly accessible data, our study utilized the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to determine the causative relevance of complex immune cell phenotypes in IPF. METHODS We deployed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to evaluate the causal interaction between immune cell markers and IPF. All data regarding 731 immune signatures and IPF were acquired from two genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that are accessible to the public. The original study adopted the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, followed by sensitivity analyses aimed at eliminating heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Additionally, Multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) was utilized to identify the independent risk factors in our study. RESULTS The summary dataset for IPF was accessed from the Finnish Genetic Consortium R9, comprising 2018 patients and 373,064 controls. And the dataset for immune signatures was conducted in 3,757 Sardinian individuals. By conducting IVW and extensive sensitivity analyses, univariate Mendelian randomization (UVMR) identified one immunophenotype that remained causally associated with IPF after false discovery rate (FDR) correction: CD39 on CD39+ CD8+T cells (odd ratio [OR] = 0.850, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.787-0.918, P = 3.68 × 10-5). The causal association with IPF was further validated using MVMR. CONCLUSIONS Based on rigorous MR analysis methods and FDR correction, our study demonstrated that CD39 on CD39+ CD8+T cells showed a protective effect against IPF, providing effective insights for preventing and diagnosing pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuannian Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bowen Zhou
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huaman Liu
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhua Jia
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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26
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Zhang H, Cao F, Zhou Y, Wu B, Li C. Peripheral Immune Cells Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04266-6. [PMID: 38842674 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder with progressive memory and cognitive loss. Neuroinflammation is a central mechanism involved in the progression of AD. With the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), peripheral immune cells and inflammatory molecules enter into AD brain. However, the exact relationship between peripheral immune cells and AD remains unknown due to various challenges. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal association between peripheral immune cells and AD by using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis. We conducted a TSMR to decipher the causal relationship between AD and 731 types of peripheral immune cell parameters from the TBNK, regulatory T cell (Treg), myeloid cell, monocyte, maturation stages of T cell, dendritic cell (DC), and B cell panels. Various analytical methods were employed, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, and weighted median methods. The Cochran's Q statistic, MR-Egger intercept, and MR-PRESSO tests were used to verify the heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy of the results. To further verify our results, we also conducted a replication analysis. The analysis identified CD33 on CD14 + monocyte (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; p = 1.14E-04; adjust-p = 0.042) had an increased risk association for AD, which was verified by the replication study. CD33 on CD33dim HLA DR + CD11b- cell (OR = 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; p = 2.87E-04; adjust-p = 0.035) had an increased risk association for AD, while secreting CD4 regulatory T cell %CD4 regulatory T cell (OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99; p = 1.90E-04; adjust-p = 0.046) and CD25 on switched memory B cell (OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92-0.98; p = 2.87E-04; adjust-p = 0.042) were discovered to be related to a lower risk of AD. However, the causal effect of these three immune cells on AD was insufficiently validated in the replication analysis. The MR analysis suggests a potential causal relationship between peripheral immune cells and the risk of AD. Further extensive research is needed on the specific role of peripheral immune cells in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houwen Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangzheng Cao
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunrong Li
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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Jue H, Dan-fei C, Fang-fang L, Ke-pin Y, Jia-ye X, Hui-ting Z, Xiao-bo X, Jian C. Evaluating the link between immune characteristics and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder through a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1367418. [PMID: 38903512 PMCID: PMC11188446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1367418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Despite the recognition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder, its core causes are still ambiguous. The objective of this study was to explore if the traits of circulating immune cells contribute causally to susceptibility to ADHD. Methods By employing a unified GWAS summary data covering 731 immune traits from the GWAS Catalog (accession numbers from GCST0001391 to GCST0002121), our analysis focused on the flow cytometry of lymphocyte clusters, encompassing 3,757 Sardinians, to identify genetically expected immune cells. Furthermore, we obtained summarized GWAS statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium to evaluate the genetic forecasting of ADHD. The studies employed ADHD2019 (20,183 cases and 35,191 controls from the 2019 GWAS ADHD dataset) and ADHD2022 (38,691 cases and 275,986 controls from the 2022 GWAS ADHD dataset). Through the examination of genome-wide association signals, we identified shared genetic variances between circulating immune cells and ADHD, employing the comprehensive ADHD2022 dataset. We primarily utilized inverse variance weighted (IVW) and weighted median methods in our Mendelian randomization research and sensitivity assessments to evaluate diversity and pleiotropy. Results After adjusting for false discovery rate (FDR), three distinct immunophenotypes were identified as associated with the risk of ADHD: CD33 in Im MDSC (OR=1.03, CI: 1.01~1.04, P=3.04×10-5, PFDR =0.015), CD8br NKT %T cell (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.04~1.12, P=9.33×10-5, PFDR =0.023), and CD8br NKT %lymphocyte (OR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.03~1.12, P=3.59×10-4, PFDR =0.066). Furthermore, ADHD showed no statistical effects on immunophenotypes. It's worth noting that 20 phenotypes exist where ADHD's appearance could diminish 85% of immune cells, including FSC-A in myeloid DC (β= -0.278, 95% CI: 0.616~0.931, P=0.008), CD3 in CD45RA- CD4+ (β= -0.233, 95% CI: 0.654~0.960, P=0.017), CD62L- monocyte AC (β=0.227, 95% CI: 0.038~1.518, P=0.019), CD33 in CD33br HLA DR+ CD14dim (β= -0.331, 95% CI: 0.543~0.950, P=0.020), and CD25 in CD39+ resting Treg (β=0.226, 95% CI: 1.522, P=0.022), and FSC-A in monocytes (β= -0.255, 95% CI: 0.621~0.967, P=0.234), among others. Conclusion Studies indicate that the immune system's response influences the emergence of ADHD. The findings greatly improve our understanding of the interplay between immune responses and ADHD risk, aiding in the development of treatment strategies from an immunological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Jue
- First Clinical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Dan-fei
- First Clinical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Fang-fang
- First Clinical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ke-pin
- First Clinical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Jia-ye
- First Clinical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Hui-ting
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Xiao-bo
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Jian
- First Clinical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Shuai H, Wang Z, Xiao Y, Ge Y, Mao H, Gao J. Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota, immune cells, and ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1402718. [PMID: 38894965 PMCID: PMC11185428 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1402718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have highlighted a robust correlation between gut microbiota/immune cells and ischemic stroke (IS). However, the precise nature of their causal relationship remains uncertain. To address this gap, our study aims to meticulously investigate the causal association between gut microbiota/immune cells and the likelihood of developing IS, employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods Our comprehensive analysis utilized summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on gut microbiota, immune cells, and IS. The primary MR method employed was the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) approach. To address potential pleiotropy and identify outlier genetic variants, we incorporated the Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) technique, along with MR-Egger regression. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q-test. Additionally, leave-one-out analysis was conducted to pinpoint any individual genetic variant influencing the observed causal associations. Finally, a reverse MR analysis was performed to explore the potential of reverse causation. Results Our investigation revealed four gut microbial taxa and 16 immune cells with a significant causal relationship with IS (p < 0.05). Notably, two bacterial features and five immunophenotypes were strongly associated with a lower IS risk: genus.Barnesiella.id.944 (OR: 0.907, 95% CI: 0.836-0.983, p = 0.018), genus.LachnospiraceaeNK4A136group.id.11319 (OR: 0.918, 95% CI: 0.853-0.983, p = 0.988), Activated & resting Treg % CD4++ (OR: 0.977, 95% CI: 0.956-0.998, p = 0.028). Additionally, significant associations between IS risk and two bacterial features along with eleven immunophenotypes were observed: genus.Paraprevotella.id.962 (OR: 1.106, 95% CI: 1.043-1.172, p < 0.001), genus.Streptococcus.id.1853 (OR: 1.119, 95% CI: 1.034-1.210, p = 0.005), CD127 on granulocyte (OR: 1.039, 95% CI: 1.009-1.070, p = 0.011). Our analyses did not reveal heterogeneity based on the Cochrane's Q-test (p > 0.05) nor indicate instances of horizontal pleiotropy according to MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO analyses (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the robustness of our MR results was confirmed through leave-one-out analysis. Conclusion Our study provides further evidence supporting the potential association between gut microbiota and immune cells in relation to IS, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms that may contribute to this condition. These findings lay a solid foundation for future investigations into targeted prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shuai
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yinggang Xiao
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yali Ge
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hua Mao
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ju Gao
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Chen H, Wang X, Chang Z, Zhang J, Xie D. Genetic causal relationship between multiple immune cell phenotypes and Parkinson's disease: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:1115-1125. [PMID: 38690999 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00481.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The exact etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, is unclear. It is currently believed that its main pathological basis is a decrease in dopamine concentration in the striatum of the brain. Although many researchers have previously focused on the critical role of the immune response in PD, there has been a lack of valid genetic evidence for a causal association between specific immune cell traits and phenotypes and PD. We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) as an analytical method to effectively assess genetic associations between exposure and outcome. Based on the largest Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) dataset to date, causal associations between multiple immune cell phenotypes and PD were validly assessed, controlling for confounding factors by using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are genetic instrumental variables that are randomly assigned and not subject to any causality. By testing 731 immune cell phenotypes and their association with PD, the results of inverse variance weighting (IVW) analysis suggested that after Bonferroni correction multiple immune cell phenotypes had no statistically significant effect on PD. It is worth mentioning that some phenotypes with unadjusted P values (P < 0.05), including 40 immune phenotypes, that were located on the cDC panel, the Treg panel, the Maturation stages of T cell panel, the TBNK panel, the B cell panel, the Myeloid cell panel, and the Monocyte panel were considered to have nominal associations with PD. In addition, PD could have an effect on certain immunophenotypes located on the Myeloid cell panel and the Monocyte panel; the specific immunophenotypic results and statistical analysis values are shown in the text. The results of sensitivity analyses suggested that none of these observed the presence of horizontal pleiotropy. Our study identified a close link between immune cells and PD, and the results of this study provide ideas for the study of the immune mechanism of PD and the exploration of effective therapeutic means.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, based on the GWAS Immunophenotyping Database, a Mendelian randomization approach was used to assess the genetic causal associations between 731 immunophenotypes and traits and Parkinson's disease (PD), which not only provides a reference for the immune response mechanism of PD but also provides ideas for exploring the effective diagnosis and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xie Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ze Chang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Daojun Xie
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Chen C, Liu Q, Li Y, Yu J, Wang S, Liu L. Impact of Immune Cells on Stroke Limited to Specific Subtypes: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization Study. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:599-609. [PMID: 38446379 PMCID: PMC11136920 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke is one of the common diseases that pose a severe threat to human health, with immune cells playing a crucial role in its onset and recovery. However, the specific mechanisms and causal relationships of different immune cell groups in various clinical stroke subtypes are unclear. This study explored the causal relationship between immune cells and stroke and its subtypes using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS Data from genome-wide association studies were analyzed using inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods for MR analysis, along with heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analysis, and pleiotropy analysis. RESULTS CD45RA+CD28-CD8+ T cell %T cell (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.001-1.003; PFDR = 0.02), CD27 on CD24+CD27+ B cell (OR 1.127, 95% CI 1.061-1.198; PFDR = 0.04), CD27 on IgD-CD38dim B cell (OR 1.138, 95% CI 1.076-1.203; PFDR = 0.005), and CD27 on switched memory B cell (OR 1.144, 95% CI 1.076-1.216; PFDR = 0.01) were found to increase the risk of large artery stroke. Switched memory B cell %lymphocyte (OR 1.206, 95% CI 1.103-1.318; PFDR = 0.02) increased the risk of small vessel stroke. Reverse MR analysis did not reveal any reverse causal associations. Furthermore, by substituting the outcome data, a secondary MR analysis was conducted to validate the primary findings. CONCLUSION Our study reveals several causal links between immune phenotypes and stroke and its different subtypes, highlighting the complex interactions between the immune system and stroke. These findings provide new directions for further uncovering the biological basis of stroke and assist in advancing research on early interventions and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- The First Department of Cardiovascular, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of the Treatment Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of the Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jingwen Yu
- Department of the Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shudi Wang
- Department of the Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Li Liu
- The First Department of Cardiovascular, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Feng Z, Liao M, Guo X, Li L, Zhang L. Effects of immune cells in mediating the relationship between gut microbiota and myelodysplastic syndrome: a bidirectional two-sample, two-step Mendelian randomization study. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:199. [PMID: 38819469 PMCID: PMC11143100 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The definitive establishment of a causal relationship between gut microbiota and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) has not been achieved. Furthermore, the involvement of immune cells in mediating the connection between gut microbiota and MDS is presently unclear. METHODS To elucidate the bidirectional correlation between gut microbiota and MDS, as well as to investigate the mediating role of immune cells, a bidirectional two-sample, two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted. Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including MDS (456,348 individuals), gut microbiota (18,340 individuals), and 731 immune cells signatures (3757 individuals). RESULTS Genetically predicted eight gut microbiota traits were significantly associated with MDS risk, but not vice versa. Through biological annotation of host-microbiome shared genes, we found that immune regulation may mediate the impact of gut microbiota on MDS. Subsequently, twenty-three immunophenotypes that exhibited significant associations with MDS risk and five of these immunophenotypes were under the causal influence of gut microbiota. Importantly, the causal effects of gut microbiota on MDS were significantly mediated by five immunophenotypes, including CD4 +T cell %leukocyte, CD127 on CD45RA - CD4 not regulatory T cell, CD45 on CD33 + HLA DR + WHR, CD33 on basophil, and Monocyte AC. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota was causally associated with MDS risk, and five specific immunophenotypes served as potential causal mediators of the effect of gut microbiota on MDS. Understanding the causality among gut microbiota, immune cells and MDS is critical in identifying potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuxi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Minjing Liao
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuege Guo
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Liansheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Jeenduang N, Horpet D, Plyduang T, Nuinoon M. Association of thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, and vitamin D levels with lipid profile in adults: Community-based research in southern Thai population. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31374. [PMID: 38813217 PMCID: PMC11133901 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explored the frequency of lipid-lowering drug use in the thalassemia population and investigated the association of thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, and serum 25(OH)D levels with lipid profile and red blood cell parameters. A combination of cross-sectional and community-based studies was conducted with 615 participants from the southern Thai population. Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies were diagnosed using hemoglobin analysis and polymerase chain reaction-based methods to genotype globin genes. Biochemical parameters such as lipid profile, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and serum 25(OH)D levels were assessed using standard enzymatic methods and electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. Differences in the means of hematological and biochemical parameters between the thalassemia and non-thalassemia groups were compared and analyzed. A significantly lower frequency of lipid-lowering drug use was observed in the thalassemia group. Thalassemia, with clearly defined abnormalities in red blood cells, is associated with a 4.72-fold decreased risk of taking lipid-lowering drugs. Among thalassemia participants, the total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly lower than those in non-thalassemia participants. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in carriers of thalassemia and/or hemoglobinopathies in the southern Thai population was 53 % in females and 21 % in males. The highest lipid profile was observed in samples without thalassemia and hypovitaminosis D. The genetics of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies with obviously abnormal red blood cells could explain the variable lipid levels, in addition to lipid metabolism-related genes and environmental factors. However, the effect of thalassemia on lipid levels in each population may differ according to its prevalence. A larger sample size is required to confirm this association, especially in countries with a high prevalence of thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutjaree Jeenduang
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Dararat Horpet
- Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Thunyaluk Plyduang
- Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Manit Nuinoon
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Hematology and Transfusion Science Research Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Zhang X, Li G, Wu W, Li B. Causal role of immune cells in hypertension: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1375704. [PMID: 38859818 PMCID: PMC11163045 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1375704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although Hypertension (HTN) is considered to be a cardiovascular disease caused by multiple factors, the cause of it is still unknown. In this study, we aim to find out whether circulating immune cell characteristics have an impact on susceptibility to HTN. Methods This study employed a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal association between immune cell characteristics and HTN. Utilizing publicly accessible genetic data, we examined the causal relationship between HTN and the susceptibility to 731 immune cell signatures. To ensure the reliability and validity of the findings, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess heterogeneity, confirm the robustness of the results and evaluate the presence of horizontal pleiotropy. Results After FDR correction, immune phenotype had an effect on HTN. In our study, one immunophenotype was identified as being positively associated with HTN risk significance: HLA DR on CD33- HLA DR+. In addition, we examined 8 immune phenotype with no statistically significant effect of HTN, but it is worth mentioning that they had an unadjusted low P-value phenotype. Conclusions Our MR study by genetic means demonstrated the close relationship between HTN and immune cells, thus providing guidance for future clinical prediction and subsequent treatment of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhe Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guanying Li
- Jinan Foreign Language School International Center, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Hekou District People Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Qiu M, Shen H, Ji W, Fan Q. Assessing the causal role of immune traits in rheumatoid arthritis by bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8687-8696. [PMID: 38761178 PMCID: PMC11164524 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune joint disorders that leads to cartilage degradation. However, its specific correlation with immune cells has not been thoroughly clarified. Based on the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, the association between RA and 731 immune phenotypes which include morphological parameters (MP), relative cell (RC), median fluorescence intensities (MFI), and absolute cells (AC) was comprehensively determined. After false discovery rate correction, RA and immunophenotypes were statistically associated with each other. It was observed that four immune phenotypes, including 1 MPs, 8 RCs, 15 MFIs, and 10 ACs were causally associated with the risk of RA. Meanwhile, several identified immune traits could serve as independent factors for RA and be robust against pleiotropy. While considering the role of RA in immune traits, the involvement of RA in multiple immunophenotypes including CD62L- myeloid DC AC, CD3 on secreting Treg, CD3 on activated and secreting Treg, and CD3 on CD4 Treg was revealed. This study is the first comprehensive evaluation of the interaction between immune response and RA risk, thus providing therapeutic strategies for RA from an immunological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Qiu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Linping Campus, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311199, China
| | - Huiyun Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Weiping Ji
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Qiuping Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
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Zheng JM, Lou CX, Huang YL, Song WT, Luo YC, Mo GY, Tan LY, Chen SW, Li BJ. Associations between immune cell phenotypes and lung cancer subtypes: insights from mendelian randomization analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:242. [PMID: 38755605 PMCID: PMC11100125 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03059-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor, and different types of immune cells may have different effects on the occurrence and development of lung cancer subtypes, including lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the causal relationship between immune phenotype and lung cancer is still unclear. METHODS This study utilized a comprehensive dataset containing 731 immune phenotypes from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) to evaluate the potential causal relationship between immune phenotypes and LUSC and LUAD using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method in Mendelian randomization (MR). Sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger intercept, Cochran Q test, and others, were conducted for the robustness of the results. The study results were further validated through meta-analysis using data from the Transdisciplinary Research Into Cancer of the Lung (TRICL) data. Additionally, confounding factors were excluded to ensure the robustness of the findings. RESULTS Among the final selection of 729 immune cell phenotypes, three immune phenotypes exhibited statistically significant effects with LUSC. CD28 expression on resting CD4 regulatory T cells (OR 1.0980, 95% CI: 1.0627-1.1344, p < 0.0001) and CD45RA + CD28- CD8 + T cell %T cell (OR 1.0011, 95% CI: 1.0007; 1.0015, p < 0.0001) were associated with increased susceptibility to LUSC. Conversely, CCR2 expression on monocytes (OR 0.9399, 95% CI: 0.9177-0.9625, p < 0.0001) was correlated with a decreased risk of LUSC. However, no significant causal relationships were established between any immune cell phenotypes and LUAD. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that specific immune cell types are associated with the risk of LUSC but not with LUAD. While these findings are derived solely from European populations, they still provide clues for a deeper understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying lung cancer and may offer new directions for future therapeutic strategies and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Min Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chen-Xi Lou
- Department of Surgery, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu-Liang Huang
- Department of Surgery, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wen-Tao Song
- Department of Surgery, Youjiang Medical University For Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi-Chen Luo
- Department of thoracic surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guan-Yong Mo
- Department of thoracic surgery, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Lin-Yuan Tan
- Department of Surgery, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shang-Wei Chen
- Department of thoracic surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Bai-Jun Li
- Department of thoracic surgery, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Cao L, Pi W, Zhang Y, Yang L, Li Q, Wee Yong V, Xue M. Genetically predicted hypotaurine levels mediate the relationship between immune cells and intracerebral hemorrhage. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112049. [PMID: 38608476 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The evidence supports a strong link between immune cells and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Nonetheless, the specific cause-and-effect associations between immune cells and ICH remain indeterminate. Here, our primary investigation compared immune cell infiltration in the ICH and sham groups using the GSE24265 dataset. Afterward, we extensively examined the relationship between immune cells and ICH by applying a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify the particular immune cells that may be associated with the initiation and advancement of ICH. Nevertheless, the specific processes that regulate the cause-and-effect connection between immune cells and ICH remain unknown. In this study, our objective was to investigate the connections between immune cell characteristics and plasma metabolites, as well as the links between plasma components and ICH. Our investigation uncovered that the levels of hypotaurine play a key role in the advancement of ICH, influencing the ratio of switched memory B cells among lymphocytes. Thus, our findings provide novel insights into the potential biological mechanisms underlying immune cell-mediated ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Brain Injury, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenjun Pi
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shunyi Maternal and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Leiluo Yang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - V Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Brain Injury, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Zou X, Shen J, Zhang H, Kong F, Jin X, Zhang L. Association between immune cells and endometrial cancer: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38129. [PMID: 38728458 PMCID: PMC11081576 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in endometrial cancer is a subject of ongoing debate. Recent evidence increasingly suggests that these immune cells and cytokines, abundant in endometrial cancer tissues, play a pivotal role in stimulating the body inherent anti-tumor immune responses. METHODS Leveraging publicly accessible genetic data, we conducted an exhaustive 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. This study aimed to explore the causal links between 731 immunophenotypes and the risk of endometrial cancer. We thoroughly assessed the robustness, heterogeneity, and potential horizontal pleiotropy of our findings through extensive sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Our study identified 36 immunophenotypes associated with endometrial cancer risk. Specific immunophenotypes, such as the percentage of Naive-mature B-cells in lymphocytes (OR = 0.917, 95% CI = 0.863-0.974, P = .005), and HLA DR expression on CD14-CD16 + monocytes (OR = 0.952, 95% CI = 0.911-0.996, P = .032), exhibited a negative correlation with endometrial cancer. Conversely, CD127 expression on CD45RA + CD4 + in Treg cells (OR = 1.042, 95% CI = 1.000-1.085, P = .049), and CM CD4+%T in T cell maturation stages (OR = 1.074, 95% CI = 1.012-1.140, P = .018) showed a positive correlation. Reverse MR analysis linked endometrial cancer to 4 immunophenotypes, including a positive correlation with CD127-CD8br %T cell of Treg (OR = 1.172, 95% CI = 1.080-1.270, P = .0001), and negative correlations with 3 others, including CM CD4+%T cell (OR = 0.905, 95% CI = 0.832-0.984, P = .019). CONCLUSION SUBSECTIONS Our findings underscore a significant causal relationship between immunophenotypes and endometrial cancer in bidirectional MR analyses. Notably, the CM CD4+%T immunophenotype emerged as potentially crucial in endometrial cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Zou
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oncology, People’s Liberation Army the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinlan Shen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, People’s Liberation Army the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hengdi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, People’s Liberation Army the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangyuan Kong
- Department of Oncology, People’s Liberation Army the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Jin
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oncology, People’s Liberation Army the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Quan W, Qin Y, Li J, Wang L, Song J, Xu J, Chen J. Causal role of myeloid cells in Parkinson's disease: Mendelian randomization study. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:809-818. [PMID: 38538756 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have observed elevated myeloid cells in the peripheral blood of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but the causal relationship between them remains to be elucidated. We investigated whether there is a causal relationship between different subtypes of peripheral blood myeloid cells and PD using Mendelian randomization (MR) combined with bioinformatics analysis. Exploring the etiology of PD from the perspective of genetics can remove confounding factors and provide a more reliable theoretical basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of PD. METHODS Comprehensive two-sample MR analysis and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the causal associations between 64 myeloid cell signatures and PD risk. The Venn diagram and protein-protein interaction network analysis of instrumental variables (IV) corresponding genes were used to further investigate the potential mechanism of myeloid cells influencing the pathogenesis of PD. RESULTS We investigated the impact of four immunophenotypes on the risk of PD, including Im MDSC% CD33dim HLA DR- CD66b- (relative count), CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+% CD33dim HLA DR+ (relative count), and CD11b on Mo MDSC (MFI) and CD11b on CD33br HLA DR+ CD14dim (MFI), while an immunophenotype's protective effect on PD was observed CD45 on Im MDSC (MFI). The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that CD33, NTRK2, PLD2, GRIK2 and RELN had protein interactions with the risk genes of PD. CONCLUSIONS Our study has demonstrated a close genetic correlation between different subtypes of myeloid cells and PD, providing guidance for early identification and immunotherapeutic development in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Quan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yidan Qin
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xian Tai Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Huang M, Liu Y, Peng J, Cheng Y. Causal effects of immune cells in glioblastoma: a Bayesian Mendelian Randomization study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1375723. [PMID: 38742049 PMCID: PMC11089213 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1375723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor, and immune cells play a crucial role in its initiation and progression. The immune system's cellular components, including various types of lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, among others, engage in intricate interactions with GBM. However, the precise nature of these interactions remains to be conclusively determined. Method In this study, a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to elucidate the causal relationship between immune cell features and the incidence of GBM. Utilizing publicly available genetic data, we investigated the causal associations between 731 immune cell signatures and the risk of GBM. Subsequently, we conducted a reverse Mendelian randomization analysis to rule out reverse causation. Finally, it was concluded that there is a unidirectional causal relationship between three subtypes of immune cells and GBM. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were employed to validate the results robustness, heterogeneity, and presence of horizontal pleiotropy. To enhance the accuracy of our results, we concurrently subjected them to Bayesian analysis. Results After conducting MR analyses, we identified 10 immune phenotypes that counteract glioblastoma, with the most protective being FSC-A on Natural Killer T cells (OR = 0.688, CI = 0.515-0.918, P = 0.011). Additionally, we found 11 immune cell subtypes that promote GBM incidence, including CD62L- HLA DR++ monocyte % monocyte (OR = 1.522, CI = 1.004-2.307, P = 0.048), CD4+CD8+ T cell % leukocyte (OR = 1.387, CI = 1.031-1.866, P = 0.031). Following the implementation of reverse MR analysis, where glioblastoma served as the exposure variable and the outcomes included 21 target immune cell subtypes, we discerned that only three cell subtypes (CD45 on CD33+ HLA DR+ CD14dim, CD33+ HLA DR+ Absolute Count, and IgD+ CD24+ B cell Absolute Count) exhibited a unidirectional causal association with glioblastoma. Conclusion Our study has genetically demonstrated the close relationship between immune cells and GBM, guiding future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiheng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wang C, Zhu Y, Pan D. Identifying the causal relationship between immune factors and osteonecrosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9371. [PMID: 38654114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A wealth of evidence intimates a profound connection between the immune system and osteonecrosis, albeit the specific immune factors underlying this connection remain largely veiled. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted based on genome-wide association study summary data to identify causal links between 731 immune factors and osteonecrosis including drug-induced osteonecrosis. Preliminary MR analysis was accomplished utilizing the inverse-variance weighted method under a multiplicative random effects model, and heterogeneity and potential horizontal pleiotropy were evaluated through Cochrane's Q-test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and leave-one-out analysis. Upon false discovery rate correction, the gene-predicted level of one immune factor (CD62L - monocyte %monocyte) exhibited a significant positive correlation with osteonecrosis, while eight immune traits associated with monocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells demonstrated significant causal effects with drug-induced osteonecrosis. Reverse MR revealed no significant correlations. This MR research provides genetic evidence for the causal associations between a broad spectrum of immune factors and osteonecrosis. Such a study aids in unraveling the intricate interaction patterns between the immune and skeletal systems, elucidating the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis, and identifying potential novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ding Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Ji Z, Zhang C, Yuan J, He Q, Zhang X, Yang D, Xu N, Chu J. Is there a causal association between gestational diabetes mellitus and immune mediators? A bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1358144. [PMID: 38706698 PMCID: PMC11066251 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1358144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes that only appears or is diagnosed during pregnancy is referred to as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The maternal physiological immune profile is essential for a positive pregnancy outcome. However, the causal relationship between GDM and immunophenotypes is not fully defined. Methods Based on the high-density genetic variation data at the genome-wide level, we evaluated the logical associations between 731 specific immune mediators and GDM using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was the main method employed for MR analysis. We performed multiple methods to verify the robustness and dependability of the MR results, and sensitivity measures were applied to rule out potential heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Results A substantial causal association between several immune mediators and GDM was detected. After FDR testing, HLA DR++ monocyte %leukocyte and HLA DR on plasmacytoid DC were shown to increase the risk of GDM; in contrast, CD127 on CD28+ CD45RA+ CD8br and CD19 on PB/PC were shown to attenuate the effect of GDM. Moreover, the progression of GDM has been shown to decrease the maternal levels of CD39+ activated Treg AC, CD39+ activated Treg %CD4 Treg, CD39+ resting Treg AC, CD39+ resting Treg %CD4 Treg, and CD39+ CD8BR %T cell. Conclusions Our findings support a possible causal association between GDM and various immunophenotypes, thus facilitating the provision of multiple options for preventive recognition as well as for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of GDM in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Graduate, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenxu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Graduate, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research and Technology Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qing He
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Graduate, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Graduate, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Graduate, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Na Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Chu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research and Technology Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institute of Surgery, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Zou X, Shen J, Yong X, Diao Y, Zhang L. The causal effects of immune cells on pancreatic cancer: A 2‑sample Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37797. [PMID: 38640310 PMCID: PMC11029941 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Leveraging publicly available genetic datasets, we conducted a comprehensive 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal links between 731 immunophenotypes and the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC). To ensure the robustness of our findings, extensive sensitivity analyses were performed, evaluating stability, heterogeneity, and potential horizontal pleiotropy. Our analysis pinpointed 24 immunophenotypes significantly associated with the risk of PC. Notably, phenotypes such as CD4+ CD8dim %leukocyte (OR = 0.852, 95% CI = 0.729-0.995, P = .0430) and HLA DR+ CD4+ AC (OR = 0.933, 95% CI = 0.883-0.986) in TBNK were inversely correlated with PC risk. Conversely, phenotypes like CD28 on CD45RA- CD4 non-Treg (OR = 1.155, 95% CI = 1.028-1.297, P = .016) and CD25 on activated Treg (OR = 1.180, 95% CI = 1.014-1.374, P = .032) in Treg cells, among others, exhibited a positive correlation. These insights offer a valuable genetic perspective that could guide future clinical research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Zou
- Department of Oncology, People’s Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlan Shen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, People’s Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomei Yong
- Department of Oncology, People’s Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Diao
- Department of Oncology, People’s Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, People’s Liberation Army The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
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Ding Q, Xu W, Yang H, Wu W, Wu L, Chen X, Liu H, Qiu S. The causal impact of complement C3d receptor 2 on head and neck cancer microenvironment and its implications for immunotherapy response prediction. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29312. [PMID: 38623210 PMCID: PMC11016721 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This research dives into the intricate immune landscape of head and neck cancer (HNC), with a keen focus on the roles of specific immune cell subpopulations and their linked genes. We used tumour RNA-seq (in-house cohort: n = 192, TCGA-HNSC: n = 546) and Mendelian randomization to pinpoint key SNPs in immune cells that have a causal connection to HNC. Our discoveries unveil a spectrum of tumour immune phenotypes that either offer protection against or increase the risk of HNC. We underscore the therapeutic promise of Complement C3d Receptor 2 (CR2), a gene closely tied to immune cells, with its increased expression in tumour tissues linked to a more favourable prognosis. This is correlated with heightened immune pathway activity, stronger resistance to radiochemotherapy, and improved immunotherapy responses. Our research emphasises the pivotal role of CR2 in immune regulation and the significance of immune cells in tumour progression, highlighting the potential of CR2-targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanxuan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenxi Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lishui Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sufang Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Durward-Akhurst SA, Marlowe JL, Schaefer RJ, Springer K, Grantham B, Carey WK, Bellone RR, Mickelson JR, McCue ME. Predicted genetic burden and frequency of phenotype-associated variants in the horse. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8396. [PMID: 38600096 PMCID: PMC11006912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57872-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Disease-causing variants have been identified for less than 20% of suspected equine genetic diseases. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) allows rapid identification of rare disease causal variants. However, interpreting the clinical variant consequence is confounded by the number of predicted deleterious variants that healthy individuals carry (predicted genetic burden). Estimation of the predicted genetic burden and baseline frequencies of known deleterious or phenotype associated variants within and across the major horse breeds have not been performed. We used WGS of 605 horses across 48 breeds to identify 32,818,945 variants, demonstrate a high predicted genetic burden (median 730 variants/horse, interquartile range: 613-829), show breed differences in predicted genetic burden across 12 target breeds, and estimate the high frequencies of some previously reported disease variants. This large-scale variant catalog for a major and highly athletic domestic animal species will enhance its ability to serve as a model for human phenotypes and improves our ability to discover the bases for important equine phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Durward-Akhurst
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, C339 VMC, 1353 Boyd Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - J L Marlowe
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, C339 VMC, 1353 Boyd Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - R J Schaefer
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 225 VMC, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - K Springer
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 225 VMC, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - B Grantham
- Interval Bio LLC, 408 Stierline Road, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - W K Carey
- Interval Bio LLC, 408 Stierline Road, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - R R Bellone
- Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Population Health and Reproduction and Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 295F Animal Science Veterinary Medicine Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - M E McCue
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 225 VMC, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Ran B, Qin J, Wu Y, Wen F. Causal role of immune cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Mendelian randomization study. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:413-421. [PMID: 38108202 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2295987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Innate and adaptive immunity play different roles in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, previous studies on the relationship between immune cells and COPD reported inconsistent results. METHODS The causal connection between 731 immune cells and COPD was established using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis through publicly accessible genetic data. The heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropism of the findings were confirmed using sensitivity analysis. RESULTS In the B-cell panel, B-cell activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) on CD20- and CD20 on IgD-CD38bright (OR (95% CI): 0.93 (0.88, 0.99) and 0.97 (0.95, 0.98), respectively) were discovered to be protective. In the cDC panel, CD62L- plasmacytoid DC AC, CD80 on monocytes and CD11c on myeloid DCs (OR (95% CI): 0.94 (0.92, 0.97), 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) and (0.97 (0.95, 0.98), respectively) exerted protective effects. However, unswitched memory AC (OR (95%CI): 1.08 (1.01,1.15)) and CD 19 on IgD- CD 27- (OR (95%CI): 1.06 (1.02,1.10)) were hazardous in the B-cell panel. However, among the 731 immune cell phenotypes, no causal relationship was found for COPD on immune cells. CONCLUSION This study found a potential causal relationship between immune cells in COPD, ruling out reverse causation. This study provides new avenues for studying the mechanisms of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Ran
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Sichuan University. Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiangyue Qin
- Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Sichuan University. Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Sichuan University. Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zheng F, Li S, Wang Z, Xiong S, Liu J, Yang L, Yuan Y, Zeng J, Liu X, Xu S, Chen R, Fu B. The enigmatic interplay of immune cells and abnormal spermatozoa through Mendelian randomization. Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13846. [PMID: 38650368 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal spermatozoa significantly impact reproductive health, affecting fertility rates, potentially prolonging conception time, and increasing the risk of miscarriages. This study employs Mendelian randomization to explore their potential link with immune cells, aiming to reveal their potential causal association and wider implications for reproductive health. METHODS We conducted forward and reverse Mendelian randomization analyses to explore the potential causal connection between 731 immune cell signatures and abnormal spermatozoa. Using publicly available genetic data, we investigated various immune signatures such as median fluorescence intensities (MFI), relative cell (RC), absolute cell (AC), and morphological parameters (MP). Robustness was ensured through comprehensive sensitivity analyses assessing consistency, heterogeneity, and potential horizontal pleiotropy. The MR study produced a statistically significant p-value of .0000684, Bonferroni-corrected for the 731 exposures. RESULTS The Mendelian randomization analysis revealed strong indications of a reciprocal relationship between immune cell pathways and sperm integrity. When examining immune cell exposure, a potential causal link with abnormal sperm was observed in 35 different types of immune cells. Conversely, the reverse Mendelian randomization results indicated that abnormal sperm might causally affect 39 types of immune cells. These outcomes suggest a potential mutual influence between alterations in immune cell functionality and the quality of spermatozoa. CONCLUSION This study highlights the close link between immune responses and sperm development, suggesting implications for reproductive health and immune therapies. Further research may offer crucial insights into male fertility and immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchun Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Situ Xiong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuyang Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Songhui Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
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Yang K, Li S, Ding Y, Meng X, Zhang C, Sun X. Effect of smoking-related features and 731 immune cell phenotypes on esophageal cancer: a two-sample and mediated Mendelian randomized study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1336817. [PMID: 38601154 PMCID: PMC11004242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1336817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Numerous observational studies have indicated that smoking is a substantial risk factor for esophageal cancer. However, there is a shortage of research that delves into the specific causal relationship and potential mediators between the two. Our study aims to validate the correlation between smoking-related traits and esophageal cancer while exploring the possible mediating effects of immune factors. Methods Initially, we conducted bidirectional univariate Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses to forecast the causal effects linking smoking-related traits and esophageal cancer. Subsequently, we employed a two-step MR analysis to scrutinize immune cell phenotypes that could mediate these effects. Finally, the coefficient product method was employed to determine the precise mediating impact. Additionally, we have refined our sensitivity analysis to ensure the reliability of the outcomes. Results After analysis, Smoking status: Never had a significant negative association with the incidence of esophageal cancer (inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, p=1.82e-05, OR=0.10, 95%CI=0.04~0.29). Ever smoked (IVW, p=1.49e-02, OR=4.31, 95%CI=1.33~13.94) and Current tobacco smoking (IVW, p=1.49e-02, OR=4.31, 95%CI=1.33~13.94) showed the promoting effect on the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer. Through further examination, researchers discovered 21 immune cell phenotypes that have a causal relationship with esophageal cancer. After careful screening, two immune cell phenotypes were found to have potential mediating effects. In particular, it was observed that in the case of the preventive effect of Smoking status: Never on esophageal cancer, the absolute count of CD62L plasmacytoid dendritic cells mediated a reduction of 4.21%, while the mediating effect of CD27 in CD20-CD38-B cells was -4.12%. In addition, sensitivity analyses did not reveal significant heterogeneity or level pleiotropy. Conclusion The study provides new evidence for the causal relationship between smoking-related features and esophageal cancer and proposes immune factors with potential mediating effects. However, this finding needs to be further demonstrated by more extensive clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiujing Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
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Gu J, Qiao Y, Cong S. Causal role of immune cells on risk of Parkinson's disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1368374. [PMID: 38586828 PMCID: PMC10995297 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1368374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous observational studies have suggested a correlation between immune cells and Parkinson's disease (PD), yet specific investigations into the causal relationship between the two remain limited. This study aims to explore this potential causal relationship. Methods We utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on immune cells and Parkinson's Disease, conducting a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To estimate causality, we employed inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median (WM) methods. For sensitivity analysis, we used Cochran's Q-test, MR-Egger intercept, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel plots. Results After false discovery rate (FDR) correction, the effects of PD on immune cells, and vice versa, were not statistically significant. These include CX3CR1 on CD14+ CD16-monocyte (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.86-0.96, p = 0.0003 PFDR = 0.152), CD62L-CD86+ myeloid DC AC (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.89-0.97, p = 0.0005, PFDR = 0.152),CD11b on Mo (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.03-1.13, p = 0.001, PFDR = 0.152), CD38 on igd+ cd24- (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06-1.23, p = 0.001, PFDR = 0.152), D14+ cd16+ monocyte %monocyte (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04-1.17, p = 0.001, PFDR = 0.159). Additionally, PD may be causally related to the immune phenotype of CM CD8br %T cell (beta = 0.10, 95% CI = 1.14-1.16, p = 0.0004, PFDR = 0.151), SSC-A on monocyte (beta = 0.11, 95% CI = 1.15-1.18, p = 0.0004, PFDR = 0.1 SSC-A on monocyte). No pleiotropy was determined. Conclusion This study suggested a potential causal link between immune cells and Parkinson's Disease through the MR method, which could provide a new direction for the mechanistic research and clinical treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuyan Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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He Z, Wang R, Song C, Liu J, Chen R, Zheng M, Liu W, Jiang G, Mao W. Exploring the causal relationship between immune cells and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:145. [PMID: 38509507 PMCID: PMC10956372 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential pathogenic mechanism of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is widely recognized to involve immune dysregulation. However, the current pool of studies has yet to establish a unanimous agreement regarding the correlation between various types of immune cells and IPF. METHODS By conducting a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using publicly available genetic data, the study examined the causal relationship between IPF and 731 immune cells. To ensure the reliability of the results, combined sensitivity analyses and inverse Mendelian analyses were conducted. Moreover, within subgroups, multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses were utilized to investigate the autonomous causal connection between immune cell characteristics and IPF. RESULTS After adjusting for false discovery rate, it was discovered that 20 immunophenotypes exhibited a significant association with IPF. After subgrouping for multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis, there were six immunophenotypes that remained significantly associated with IPF. These included CD33 + HLA DR + CD14dim (OR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99, P = 0.033), HLA DR + NK (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.85-0.98, P = 0.017), CD39 + CD8 + T cell %T cell (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.99, P = 0.024), CD3 on activated & secreting Treg (OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.98, P = 0.026), PDL-1 on CD14- CD16 + monocyte (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.84-0.95, P = 8 × 10-4), and CD45 on CD33 + HLA DR + CD14- (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.15, P = 0.011). CONCLUSION Our study reveals a noteworthy association between IPF and various immune cells, providing valuable insights for clinical research and aiding the advancement of immunologically-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Ruixin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Chenghu Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Ruo Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Mingfeng Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Weici Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Guanyu Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Rd, Wuxi, 214023, China.
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Chen L, Zhou X, Yang C, Wu HJ, Tian Y, Hong S, Hu H, Wang K, Wu S, Wei Z, Li T, Huang Y, Hua Z, Xia Q, Chen XJ, Lv Z, Lv L. Gene association analysis to determine the causal relationship between immune cells and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2024; 22:35. [PMID: 38459548 PMCID: PMC10921670 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-024-00970-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a type of chronic childhood arthritis with complex pathogenesis. Immunological studies have shown that JIA is an acquired self-inflammatory disease, involving a variety of immune cells, and it is also affected by genetic and environmental susceptibility. However, the precise causative relationship between the phenotype of immune cells and JIA remains unclear to date. The objective of our study is to approach this inquiry from a genetic perspective, employing a method of genetic association analysis to ascertain the causal relationship between immune phenotypes and the onset of JIA. METHODS In this study, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with immune cells as instrumental variables to analyze the bidirectional causal relationship between 731 immune cells and JIA. There were four types of immune features (median fluorescence intensity (MFI), relative cellular (RC), absolute cellular (AC), and morphological parameters (MP)). Finally, the heterogeneity and horizontal reproducibility of the results were verified by sensitivity analysis, which ensured more robust results. RESULTS We found that CD3 on CM CD8br was causally associated with JIA at the level of 0.05 significant difference (95% CI = 0.630 ~ 0.847, P = 3.33 × 10-5, PFDR = 0.024). At the significance level of 0.20, two immunophenotypes were causally associated with JIA, namely: HLA DR on CD14+ CD16- monocyte (95% CI = 0.633 ~ 0.884, P = 6.83 × 10-4, PFDR = 0.16) and HLA DR on CD14+ monocyte (95% CI = 0.627 ~ 0.882, P = 6.9 × 10-4, PFDR = 0.16). CONCLUSION Our study assessed the causal effect of immune cells on JIA from a genetic perspective. These findings emphasize the complex and important role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of JIA and lay a foundation for further study of the pathogenesis of JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhao Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Research Institute of Tuina (Spinal disease), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingchen Zhou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiao Wu
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuangwei Hong
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijie Hu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaizheng Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zicheng Wei
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanshen Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Hua
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Xia
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Jie Chen
- The 72nd Group Army Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhejiang, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhizhen Lv
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
- Research Institute of Tuina (Spinal disease), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lijiang Lv
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhongshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
- Research Institute of Tuina (Spinal disease), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
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