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Home P, Ghosh A, Kumar RP, Ray S, Gunewardena S, Kumar R, Dasgupta P, Roy N, Saha A, Ouseph MM, Leone GW, Paul S. A Single Trophoblast Layer Acts as the Gatekeeper at the Endothelial-Hematopoietic Crossroad in the Placenta. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.12.603303. [PMID: 39071312 PMCID: PMC11275844 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.12.603303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
During embryonic development the placental vasculature acts as a major hematopoietic niche, where endothelial to hematopoietic transition ensures emergence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the placental hematoendothelial niche are poorly understood. Using a parietal trophoblast giant cell (TGC)-specific knockout mouse model and single-cell RNA-sequencing, we show that the paracrine factors secreted by the TGCs are critical in the development of this niche. Disruptions in the TGC-specific paracrine signaling leads to the loss of HSC population and the concomitant expansion of a KDR+/DLL4+/PROM1+ hematoendothelial cell-population in the placenta. Combining single-cell transcriptomics and receptor-ligand pair analyses, we also define the parietal TGC-dependent paracrine signaling network and identify Integrin signaling as a fundamental regulator of this process. Our study elucidates novel mechanisms by which non-autonomous signaling from the primary parietal TGCs maintain the delicate placental hematopoietic-angiogenic balance and ensures embryonic and extraembryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Home
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Present address: XenoTech, A BioIVT Company, 1101 W Cambridge Cir Dr, Kansas City, KS 66103
| | - Ananya Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Present address: Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, 35, Medical 12 Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Ram Parikshan Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Institute for Reproductive Health and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Soma Ray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Purbasa Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Namrata Roy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Abhik Saha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Madhu M. Ouseph
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Gustavo W. Leone
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI 53226, USA
| | - Soumen Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Institute for Reproductive Health and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Felício R, Franco A, Corrêa-Moreira D, Martinez de Carvalho F, Guimarães A, Vargas FR. Humoral immune transcriptome signature in myelomeningocele patients. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 163:104224. [PMID: 38479055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myelomeningocele (MMC) results from incomplete closure of the neural tube, and has a complex multifactorial etiology, including an inflammatory microenvironment. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the contribution of humoral immune response for development of inflammatory milieu. METHODS Using public repository Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), we retrieve dataset transcriptome from the amniotic fluid of ten fetuses with myelomeningocele and ten healthy control fetuses to found differential gene expression associated with disturbances and inflammatory signatures in MMC. The identified DEGs were submitted to enrichment, network, and matrix correlation analyses. RESULTS Our initial analysis revealed 90 DEGs in MMC, mainly associated with signaling pathways of inflammation, including the immune modules, humoral immune response and IFN-type I signatures. Protein-protein analysis (PPI) revealed an association with three protein networks; positive regulation of B cell proliferation constituted the largest network. Matrix correlation analyses showed that MMC alters the co-expression of genes related to inflammatory processes that promote microenvironment inflammation. CONCLUSION These results revealed an altered humoral immune response in MMC patients, contributing to an inflammatory profile and providing opportunities for identifying potential biomarkers in myelomeningocele disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rfm Felício
- Birth Defects Epidemiology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rede de Atenção à Saúde nas Anomalias Congênitas do Sistema Nervoso Central, Instituo Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil; Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Almm Franco
- Birth Defects Epidemiology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Corrêa-Moreira
- Rede de Atenção à Saúde nas Anomalias Congênitas do Sistema Nervoso Central, Instituo Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil; Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochesmistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil; Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Martinez de Carvalho
- Birth Defects Epidemiology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rede de Atenção à Saúde nas Anomalias Congênitas do Sistema Nervoso Central, Instituo Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Acr Guimarães
- Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochesmistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil; Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F R Vargas
- Birth Defects Epidemiology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rede de Atenção à Saúde nas Anomalias Congênitas do Sistema Nervoso Central, Instituo Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory for Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Du X, Wang C, Liu J, Yu M, Ju H, Xue S, Li Y, Liu J, Dai R, Chen J, Zhai Y, Rao J, Wang X, Sun Y, Sun L, Wu X, Xu H, Shen Q. GEN1 as a risk factor for human congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:41. [PMID: 38654324 PMCID: PMC11041010 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00606-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are prevalent birth defects. Although pathogenic CAKUT genes are known, they are insufficient to reveal the causes for all patients. Our previous studies indicated GEN1 as a pathogenic gene of CAKUT in mice, and this study further investigated the correlation between GEN1 and human CAKUT. METHODS In this study, DNA from 910 individuals with CAKUT was collected; 26 GEN1 rare variants were identified, and two GEN1 (missense) variants in a non-CAKUT group were found. Mainly due to the stability results of the predicted mutant on the website, in vitro, 10 variants (eight CAKUT, two non-CAKUT) were selected to verify mutant protein stability. In addition, mainly based on the division of the mutation site located in the functional region of the GEN1 protein, 8 variants (six CAKUT, two non-CAKUT) were selected to verify enzymatic hydrolysis, and the splice variant GEN1 (c.1071 + 3(IVS10) A > G) was selected to verify shear ability. Based on the results of in vitro experiments and higher frequency, three sites with the most significant functional change were selected to build mouse models. RESULTS Protein stability changed in six variants in the CAKUT group. Based on electrophoretic mobility shift assay of eight variants (six CAKUT, two non-CAKUT), the enzymatic hydrolysis and DNA-binding abilities of mutant proteins were impaired in the CAKUT group. The most serious functional damage was observed in the Gen1 variant that produced a truncated protein. A mini-gene splicing assay showed that the variant GEN1 (c.1071 + 3(IVS10) A > G) in the CAKUT group significantly affected splicing function. An abnormal exon10 was detected in the mini-gene splicing assay. Point-mutant mouse strains were constructed (Gen1: c.1068 + 3 A > G, p.R400X, and p.T105R) based on the variant frequency in the CAKUT group and functional impairment in vitro study and CAKUT phenotypes were replicated in each. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings indicated GEN1 as a risk factor for human CAKUT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanjin Du
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixin Ju
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Rufeng Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Zhai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Rao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubo Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, 201102, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China.
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Wang X, Bai F, Liu X, Peng B, Xu X, Zhang H, Fu L, Zhu WG, Wang B, Pei XH. GATA3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to promote DNA damage repair and suppress dedifferentiation in breast cancer. BMC Biol 2024; 22:85. [PMID: 38627785 PMCID: PMC11020915 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadequate DNA damage repair promotes aberrant differentiation of mammary epithelial cells. Mammary luminal cell fate is mainly determined by a few transcription factors including GATA3. We previously reported that GATA3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to suppress aberrant differentiation in breast cancer. How GATA3 impacts DNA damage repair preventing aberrant cell differentiation in breast cancer remains elusive. We previously demonstrated that loss of p18, a cell cycle inhibitor, in mice induces luminal-type mammary tumors, whereas depletion of either Brca1 or Gata3 in p18 null mice leads to basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) with activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We took advantage of these mutant mice to examine the role of Gata3 as well as the interaction of Gata3 and Brca1 in DNA damage repair in mammary tumorigenesis. RESULTS Depletion of Gata3, like that of Brca1, promoted DNA damage accumulation in breast cancer cells in vitro and in basal-like breast cancers in vivo. Reconstitution of Gata3 improved DNA damage repair in Brca1-deficient mammary tumorigenesis. Overexpression of GATA3 promoted homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA damage repair and restored HR efficiency of BRCA1-deficient cells. Depletion of Gata3 sensitized tumor cells to PARP inhibitor (PARPi), and reconstitution of Gata3 enhanced resistance of Brca1-deficient tumor cells to PARP inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that Gata3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to promote DNA damage repair and suppress dedifferentiation in mammary tumorigenesis and progression. Our findings suggest that PARP inhibitors are effective for the treatment of GATA3-deficient BLBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Xiong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518039, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Ghosh A, Kumar R, Kumar RP, Ray S, Saha A, Roy N, Dasgupta P, Marsh C, Paul S. The GATA transcriptional program dictates cell fate equilibrium to establish the maternal-fetal exchange interface and fetal development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310502121. [PMID: 38346193 PMCID: PMC10895349 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310502121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The placenta establishes a maternal-fetal exchange interface to transport nutrients and gases between the mother and the fetus. Establishment of this exchange interface relies on the development of multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts (SynT) from trophoblast progenitors, and defect in SynT development often leads to pregnancy failure and impaired embryonic development. Here, we show that mouse embryos with conditional deletion of transcription factors GATA2 and GATA3 in labyrinth trophoblast progenitors (LaTPs) have underdeveloped placenta and die by ~embryonic day 9.5. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed excessive accumulation of multipotent LaTPs upon conditional deletion of GATA factors. The GATA factor-deleted multipotent progenitors were unable to differentiate into matured SynTs. We also show that the GATA factor-mediated priming of trophoblast progenitors for SynT differentiation is a conserved event during human placentation. Loss of either GATA2 or GATA3 in cytotrophoblast-derived human trophoblast stem cells (human TSCs) drastically inhibits SynT differentiation potential. Identification of GATA2 and GATA3 target genes along with comparative bioinformatics analyses revealed that GATA factors directly regulate hundreds of common genes in human TSCs, including genes that are essential for SynT development and implicated in preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation. Thus, our study uncovers a conserved molecular mechanism, in which coordinated function of GATA2 and GATA3 promotes trophoblast progenitor-to-SynT commitment, ensuring establishment of the maternal-fetal exchange interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Ram P Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Soma Ray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Abhik Saha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Namrata Roy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Purbasa Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Courtney Marsh
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Soumen Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
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Quilez S, Dumontier E, Baim C, Kam J, Cloutier JF. Loss of Neogenin alters branchial arch development and leads to craniofacial skeletal defects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1256465. [PMID: 38404688 PMCID: PMC10884240 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1256465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of complex structures, such as the craniofacial skeleton, requires precise and intricate two-way signalling between populations of cells of different embryonic origins. For example, the lower jaw, or mandible, arises from cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) in the mandibular portion of the first branchial arch (mdBA1) of the embryo, and its development is regulated by signals from the ectoderm and cranial mesoderm (CM) within this structure. The molecular mechanisms underlying CM cell influence on CNCC development in the mdBA1 remain poorly defined. Herein we identified the receptor Neogenin as a key regulator of craniofacial development. We found that ablation of Neogenin expression via gene-targeting resulted in several craniofacial skeletal defects, including reduced size of the CNCC-derived mandible. Loss of Neogenin did not affect the formation of the mdBA1 CM core but resulted in altered Bmp4 and Fgf8 expression, increased apoptosis, and reduced osteoblast differentiation in the mdBA1 mesenchyme. Reduced BMP signalling in the mdBA1 of Neogenin mutant embryos was associated with alterations in the gene regulatory network, including decreased expression of transcription factors of the Hand, Msx, and Alx families, which play key roles in the patterning and outgrowth of the mdBA1. Tissue-specific Neogenin loss-of-function studies revealed that Neogenin expression in mesodermal cells contributes to mandible formation. Thus, our results identify Neogenin as a novel regulator of craniofacial skeletal formation and demonstrates it impinges on CNCC development via a non-cell autonomous mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Quilez
- The Neuro—Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, 3801 University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Emilie Dumontier
- The Neuro—Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, 3801 University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christopher Baim
- The Neuro—Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, 3801 University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Kam
- The Neuro—Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, 3801 University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Cloutier
- The Neuro—Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, 3801 University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Neyra JS, Medrano S, Goes Martini AD, Sequeira-Lopez MLS, Gomez RA. The role of Gata3 in renin cell identity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F188-F198. [PMID: 37345845 PMCID: PMC10396225 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00098.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Renin cells are precursors for other cell types in the kidney and show high plasticity in postnatal life in response to challenges to homeostasis. Our previous single-cell RNA-sequencing studies revealed that the dual zinc-finger transcription factor Gata3, which is important for cell lineage commitment and differentiation, is expressed in mouse renin cells under normal conditions and homeostatic threats. We identified a potential Gata3-binding site upstream of the renin gene leading us to hypothesize that Gata3 is essential for renin cell identity. We studied adult mice with conditional deletion of Gata3 in renin cells: Gata3fl/fl;Ren1dCre/+ (Gata3-cKO) and control Gata3fl/fl;Ren1d+/+ counterparts. Gata3 immunostaining revealed that Gata3-cKO mice had significantly reduced Gata3 expression in juxtaglomerular, mesangial, and smooth muscle cells, indicating a high degree of deletion of Gata3 in renin lineage cells. Gata3-cKO mice exhibited a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen, suggesting hypovolemia and/or compromised renal function. By immunostaining, renin-expressing cells appeared very thin compared with their normal plump shape in control mice. Renin cells were ectopically localized to Bowman's capsule in some glomeruli, and there was aberrant expression of actin-α2 signals in the mesangium, interstitium, and Bowman's capsule in Gata3-cKO mice. Distal tubules showed dilated morphology with visible intraluminal casts. Under physiological threat, Gata3-cKO mice exhibited a lower increase in mRNA levels than controls. Hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and Masson's trichrome staining showed increased glomerular fusion, absent cubical epithelial cells in Bowman's capsule, intraglomerular aneurysms, and tubular dilation. In conclusion, our results indicate that Gata3 is crucial to the identity of cells of the renin lineage.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Gata3, a dual zinc-finger transcription factor, is responsible for the identity and localization of renin cells in the kidney. Mice with a conditional deletion of Gata3 in renin lineage cells have abnormal kidneys with juxtaglomerular cells that lose their characteristic location and are misplaced outside and around arterioles and glomeruli. The fundamental role of Gata3 in renin cell development offers a new model to understand how transcription factors control cell location, function, and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus S Neyra
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Silvia Medrano
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Alexandre De Goes Martini
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Maria Luisa S Sequeira-Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - R Ariel Gomez
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
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Liu X, Bai F, Wang Y, Wang C, Chan HL, Zheng C, Fang J, Zhu WG, Pei XH. Loss of function of GATA3 regulates FRA1 and c-FOS to activate EMT and promote mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:370. [PMID: 37353480 PMCID: PMC10290069 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) are among the most aggressive cancers, partly due to their enrichment of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Breast CSCs can be generated from luminal-type cancer cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). GATA3 maintains luminal cell fate, and its expression is lost or reduced in BLBCs. However, deletion of Gata3 in mice or cells results in early lethality or proliferative defects. It is unknown how loss-of-function of GATA3 regulates EMT and CSCs in breast cancer. We report here that haploid loss of Gata3 in mice lacking p18Ink4c, a cell cycle inhibitor, up-regulates Fra1, an AP-1 family protein that promotes mesenchymal traits, and downregulates c-Fos, another AP-1 family protein that maintains epithelial fate, leading to activation of EMT and promotion of mammary tumor initiation and metastasis. Depletion of Gata3 in luminal tumor cells similarly regulates Fra1 and c-Fos in activation of EMT. GATA3 binds to FOSL1 (encoding FRA1) and FOS (encoding c-FOS) loci to repress FOSL1 and activate FOS transcription. Deletion of Fra1 or reconstitution of Gata3, but not reconstitution of c-Fos, in Gata3 deficient tumor cells inhibits EMT, preventing tumorigenesis and/or metastasis. In human breast cancers, GATA3 expression is negatively correlated with FRA1 and positively correlated with c-FOS. Low GATA3 and FOS, but high FOSL1, are characteristics of BLBCs. Together, these data provide the first genetic evidence indicating that loss of function of GATA3 in mammary tumor cells activates FOSL1 to promote mesenchymal traits and CSC function, while concurrently repressing FOS to lose epithelial features. We demonstrate that FRA1 is required for the activation of EMT in GATA3 deficient tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Yuchan Wang
- Gansu Dian Medical Laboratory, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chuying Wang
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ho Lam Chan
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Chenglong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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9
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Butylina M, Föger-Samwald U, Gelles K, Pietschmann P, Sipos W. Challenges in establishing animal models for studying osteoimmunology of hypoparathyroidism. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1163903. [PMID: 37180074 PMCID: PMC10169642 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1163903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism is a relatively rare human and veterinary disease characterized by deficient or absent production of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is known as a classical regulator of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Nevertheless, the hormone also appears to modulate immune functions. For example, increased CD4:CD8 T-cell ratios and elevated interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A levels were observed in patients with hyperparathyroidism, whereas gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was decreased in patients with chronic postsurgical hypoparathyroidism. Various immune cell populations are affected differently. So, there is a need for validated animal models for the further characterization of this disease for identifying targeted immune-modulatory therapies. In addition to genetically modified mouse models of hypoparathyroidism, there are surgical rodent models. Parathyroidectomy (PTX) can be well performed in rats-for pharmacological and associated osteoimmunological research and bone mechanical studies, a large animal model could be preferable, however. A major drawback for successfully performing total PTX in large animal species (pigs and sheep) is the presence of accessory glands, thus demanding to develop new approaches for real-time detection of all parathyroid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Butylina
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Föger-Samwald
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Gelles
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sipos
- Clinical Department for Farm Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Kar RD, Eberhart JK. Predicting Modifiers of Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Craniofacial Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1222. [PMID: 36674738 PMCID: PMC9864425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Most human birth defects are phenotypically variable even when they share a common genetic basis. Our understanding of the mechanisms of this variation is limited, but they are thought to be due to complex gene-environment interactions. Loss of the transcription factor Gata3 associates with the highly variable human birth defects HDR syndrome and microsomia, and can lead to disruption of the neural crest-derived facial skeleton. We have demonstrated that zebrafish gata3 mutants model the variability seen in humans, with genetic background and candidate pathways modifying the resulting phenotype. In this study, we sought to use an unbiased bioinformatic approach to identify environmental modifiers of gata3 mutant craniofacial phenotypes. The LINCs L1000 dataset identifies chemicals that generate differential gene expression that either positively or negatively correlates with an input gene list. These chemicals are predicted to worsen or lessen the mutant phenotype, respectively. We performed RNA-seq on neural crest cells isolated from zebrafish across control, Gata3 loss-of-function, and Gata3 rescue groups. Differential expression analyses revealed 551 potential targets of gata3. We queried the LINCs database with the 100 most upregulated and 100 most downregulated genes. We tested the top eight available chemicals predicted to worsen the mutant phenotype and the top eight predicted to lessen the phenotype. Of these, we found that vinblastine, a microtubule inhibitor, and clofibric acid, a PPAR-alpha agonist, did indeed worsen the gata3 phenotype. The Topoisomerase II and RNA-pol II inhibitors daunorubicin and triptolide, respectively, lessened the phenotype. GO analysis identified Wnt signaling and RNA polymerase function as being enriched in our RNA-seq data, consistent with the mechanism of action of some of the chemicals. Our study illustrates multiple potential pathways for Gata3 function, and demonstrates a systematic, unbiased process to identify modifiers of genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johann K. Eberhart
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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11
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Yvernogeau L, Dainese G, Jaffredo T. Dorsal aorta polarization and haematopoietic stem cell emergence. Development 2023; 150:286251. [PMID: 36602140 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of the aorta microenvironment in the generation of the first haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from specialized haemogenic endothelial cells (HECs). Despite more than two decades of investigations, we require a better understanding of the cellular and molecular events driving aorta formation and polarization, which will be pivotal to establish the mechanisms that operate during HEC specification and HSC competency. Here, we outline the early mechanisms involved in vertebrate aorta formation by comparing four different species: zebrafish, chicken, mouse and human. We highlight how this process, which is tightly controlled in time and space, requires a coordinated specification of several cell types, in particular endothelial cells originating from distinct mesodermal tissues. We also discuss how molecular signals originating from the aorta environment result in its polarization, creating a unique entity for HSC generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Yvernogeau
- Sorbonne Université, IBPS, CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Giovanna Dainese
- Sorbonne Université, IBPS, CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Jaffredo
- Sorbonne Université, IBPS, CNRS UMR7622, Inserm U1156, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, 75005 Paris, France
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12
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Maruyama T, Hasegawa D, Valenta T, Haigh J, Bouchard M, Basler K, Hsu W. GATA3 mediates nonclassical β-catenin signaling in skeletal cell fate determination and ectopic chondrogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd6172. [PMID: 36449606 PMCID: PMC9710881 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal precursors are mesenchymal in origin and can give rise to distinct sublineages. Their lineage commitment is modulated by various signaling pathways. The importance of Wnt signaling in skeletal lineage commitment has been implicated by the study of β-catenin-deficient mouse models. Ectopic chondrogenesis caused by the loss of β-catenin leads to a long-standing belief in canonical Wnt signaling that determines skeletal cell fate. As β-catenin has other functions, it remains unclear whether skeletogenic lineage commitment is solely orchestrated by canonical Wnt signaling. The study of the Wnt secretion regulator Gpr177/Wntless also raises concerns about current knowledge. Here, we show that skeletal cell fate is determined by β-catenin but independent of LEF/TCF transcription. Genomic and bioinformatic analyses further identify GATA3 as a mediator for the alternative signaling effects. GATA3 alone is sufficient to promote ectopic cartilage formation, demonstrating its essential role in mediating nonclassical β-catenin signaling in skeletogenic lineage specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Maruyama
- Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Daigaku Hasegawa
- Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Tomas Valenta
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jody Haigh
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Maxime Bouchard
- Goodman Cancer Institute and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Konrad Basler
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wei Hsu
- Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Harvard University, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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13
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Purton LE. Adult murine hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors: an update on their identities, functions, and assays. Exp Hematol 2022; 116:1-14. [PMID: 36283572 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The founder of all blood cells are hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are rare stem cells that undergo key cell fate decisions to self-renew to generate more HSCs or to differentiate progressively into a hierarchy of different immature hematopoietic cell types to ultimately produce mature blood cells. These decisions are influenced both intrinsically and extrinsically, the latter by microenvironment cells in the bone marrow (BM). In recent decades, notable progress in our ability to identify, isolate, and study key properties of adult murine HSCs and multipotent progenitor (MPP) cells has challenged our prior understanding of the hierarchy of these primitive hematopoietic cells. These studies have revealed the existence of at least two distinct HSC types in adults: one that generates all hematopoietic cell lineages with almost equal potency and one that is platelet/myeloid-biased and increases with aging. These studies have also revealed distinct MPP cell types that have different functional potential. This review provides an update to these murine HSCs and MPP cells, their key functional properties, and the assays that have been used to assess their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E Purton
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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14
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Bou G, Guo J, Liu S, Guo S, Davaakhuu G, Lv Q, Xue B, Qiao S, Lv J, Weng X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang H, Chai Z, Liu Y, Yu Y, Qu B, Sun R, Shen X, Lei L, Liu Z. OCT4 expression transactivated by GATA protein is essential for non-rodent trophectoderm early development. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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15
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Molecular Organization and Patterning of the Medulla Oblongata in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169260. [PMID: 36012524 PMCID: PMC9409237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The medulla oblongata, located in the hindbrain between the pons and the spinal cord, is an important relay center for critical sensory, proprioceptive, and motoric information. It is an evolutionarily highly conserved brain region, both structural and functional, and consists of a multitude of nuclei all involved in different aspects of basic but vital functions. Understanding the functional anatomy and developmental program of this structure can help elucidate potential role(s) of the medulla in neurological disorders. Here, we have described the early molecular patterning of the medulla during murine development, from the fundamental units that structure the very early medullary region into 5 rhombomeres (r7–r11) and 13 different longitudinal progenitor domains, to the neuronal clusters derived from these progenitors that ultimately make-up the different medullary nuclei. By doing so, we developed a schematic overview that can be used to predict the cell-fate of a progenitor group, or pinpoint the progenitor domain of origin of medullary nuclei. This schematic overview can further be used to help in the explanation of medulla-related symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders, e.g., congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, Wold–Hirschhorn syndrome, Rett syndrome, and Pitt–Hopkins syndrome. Based on the genetic defects seen in these syndromes, we can use our model to predict which medullary nuclei might be affected, which can be used to quickly direct the research into these diseases to the likely affected nuclei.
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16
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Thompson PK, Chen EL, de Pooter RF, Frelin C, Vogel WK, Lee CR, Venables T, Shah DK, Iscove NN, Leid M, Anderson MK, Zúñiga-Pflücker JC. Realization of the T Lineage Program Involves GATA-3 Induction of Bcl11b and Repression of Cdkn2b Expression. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:77-92. [PMID: 35705252 PMCID: PMC9248976 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The zinc-finger transcription factor GATA-3 plays a crucial role during early T cell development and also dictates later T cell differentiation outcomes. However, its role and collaboration with the Notch signaling pathway in the induction of T lineage specification and commitment have not been fully elucidated. We show that GATA-3 deficiency in mouse hematopoietic progenitors results in an early block in T cell development despite the presence of Notch signals, with a failure to upregulate Bcl11b expression, leading to a diversion along a myeloid, but not a B cell, lineage fate. GATA-3 deficiency in the presence of Notch signaling results in the apoptosis of early T lineage cells, as seen with inhibition of CDK4/6 (cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6) function, and dysregulated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2b (Cdkn2b) expression. We also show that GATA-3 induces Bcl11b, and together with Bcl11b represses Cdkn2b expression; however, loss of Cdkn2b failed to rescue the developmental block of GATA-3-deficient T cell progenitor. Our findings provide a signaling and transcriptional network by which the T lineage program in response to Notch signals is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja K. Thompson
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Edward L.Y. Chen
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Renée F. de Pooter
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Catherine Frelin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - Walter K. Vogel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | | | - Divya K. Shah
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Norman N. Iscove
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - Mark Leid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Michele K. Anderson
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
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17
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Chen P, Wu Y, Zhuang J, Liu X, Luo Q, Wang Q, Jiang Z, He A, Chen S, Chen X, Qiu J, Li Y, Yang Y, Yu K, Zhuang J. Gata3 Silencing Is Involved in Neuronal Differentiation and Its Abnormal Expression Impedes Neural Activity in Adult Retinal Neurocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052495. [PMID: 35269648 PMCID: PMC8910128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
GATA binding protein 3 (Gata3), a zinc-finger transcription factor, plays an important role in neural development. However, its expression and bioactivity in the retina remain unclear. In the present study, our data indicated that Gata3 maintains the precursor state of 661W cells, and Gata3 silencing induces cell differentiation. The expression of Nestin, a marker of precursor cells, was significantly decreased in parallel, whereas the expression of Map2, a marker of differentiated neurons, was significantly increased following the decrease in Gata3. Neurite outgrowth was increased by 2.78-fold in Gata3-silenced cells. Moreover, Gata3 expression generally paralleled that of Nestin in developing mouse retinas. Both Gata3 and Nestin were expressed in the retina at postnatal day 1 and silenced in the adult mouse retina. Exogenous Gata3 significantly inhibited the neural activity of primary retinal neurocytes (postnatal day 1) by decreasing synaptophysin levels, neurite outgrowth, and cell viability. Furthermore, in vivo, exogenous Gata3 significantly induced apoptosis and the contraction of retinal outlay filaments and decreased the a- and b-waves in adult mouse intravitreal injected with AAV-Re-Gata3-T2A-GFP. Thus, Gata3 silencing promotes neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Its abnormal expression impedes neural activity in adult retinal neurocytes. This study provides new insights into Gata3 bioactivity in retinal neurocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keming Yu
- Correspondence: (K.Y.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-20-6667-8735 (J.Z.); Fax: +86-20-8733-3271 (J.Z.)
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Correspondence: (K.Y.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-20-6667-8735 (J.Z.); Fax: +86-20-8733-3271 (J.Z.)
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18
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Bai F, Zheng C, Liu X, Chan HL, Liu S, Ma J, Ren S, Zhu WG, Pei XH. Loss of function of GATA3 induces basal-like mammary tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:720-733. [PMID: 34976209 PMCID: PMC8692904 DOI: 10.7150/thno.65796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: GATA3 is a transcription factor essential for mammary luminal epithelial cell differentiation. Expression of GATA3 is absent or significantly reduced in basal-like breast cancers. Gata3 loss-of-function impairs cell proliferation, making it difficult to investigate the role of GATA3 deficiency in vivo. We previously demonstrated that CDK inhibitor p18INK4c (p18) is a downstream target of GATA3 and restrains mammary epithelial cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Whether and how loss-of-function of GATA3 results in basal-like breast cancers remains elusive. Methods: We generated mutant mouse strains with heterozygous germline deletion of Gata3 in p18 deficient backgrounds and developed a Gata3 depleted mammary tumor model system to determine the role of Gata3 loss in controlling cell proliferation and aberrant differentiation in mammary tumor development and progression. Results: Haploid loss of Gata3 reduced mammary epithelial cell proliferation with induction of p18, impaired luminal differentiation, and promoted basal differentiation in mammary glands. p18 deficiency induced luminal type mammary tumors and rescued the proliferative defect caused by haploid loss of Gata3. Haploid loss of Gata3 accelerated p18 deficient mammary tumor development and changed the properties of these tumors, resulting in their malignant and luminal-to-basal transformation. Expression of Gata3 negatively correlated with basal differentiation markers in MMTV-PyMT mammary tumor cells. Depletion of Gata3 in luminal tumor cells also reduced cell proliferation with induction of p18 and promoted basal differentiation. We confirmed that expression of GATA3 and basal markers are inversely correlated in human basal-like breast cancers. Conclusions: This study provides the first genetic evidence demonstrating that loss-of-function of GATA3 directly induces basal-like breast cancer. Our finding suggests that basal-like breast cancer may also originate from luminal type cancer.
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19
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Komatsu M, Tsukahara H, Bai H, Takahashi M, Wakai T, Kawahara M. Cell-cycle dependent GATA2 subcellular localization in mouse 2-cell embryos. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 584:1-6. [PMID: 34741809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
GATA factors are essential transcription factors for embryonic development that broadly control the transcription of other genes. This study aimed to examine GATA2 protein localization in mouse embryos at the 2-cell stage, when drastic transformation in gene expression occurs for subsequent development in early embryos. We first analyzed GATA2 localization in 2-cell embryos at the interphase and mitotic phases by immunofluorescence analysis. In the interphase, GATA2 protein was localized in the nucleus, as a common transcription factor. In the mitotic phase, GATA2 protein was observed as a focally-aggregated spot around the nucleus of each blastomere. To explore the relationship between GATA2 protein localization and cell cycle progression in mouse 2-cell stage embryos, GFP-labeled GATA2 protein was overexpressed in the blastomere of 2-cell embryos. Overexpression of GFP-labeled GATA2 protein arrested cellular mitosis, focally aggregated GATA2 protein expression was not observed. This mitotic arrest by GATA2 overexpression was not accompanied with the upregulation of a 2-cell stage specific gene, murine endogenous retrovirus-L. These results suggest that GATA2 protein localization changes dynamically depending on cell cycle progression in mouse 2-cell embryos; in particular, focally aggregated localization of GATA2 in the mitotic phase requires appropriate cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Komatsu
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsukahara
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Hanako Bai
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Masashi Takahashi
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources/Global Center for Food, Land and Water Resources, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Takuya Wakai
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawahara
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan.
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20
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Abe M, Cox TC, Firulli AB, Kanai SM, Dahlka J, Lim KC, Engel JD, Clouthier DE. GATA3 is essential for separating patterning domains during facial morphogenesis. Development 2021; 148:dev199534. [PMID: 34383890 PMCID: PMC8451945 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCCs) within the mandibular and maxillary prominences of the first pharyngeal arch are initially competent to respond to signals from either region. However, mechanisms that are only partially understood establish developmental tissue boundaries to ensure spatially correct patterning. In the 'hinge and caps' model of facial development, signals from both ventral prominences (the caps) pattern the adjacent tissues whereas the intervening region, referred to as the maxillomandibular junction (the hinge), maintains separation of the mandibular and maxillary domains. One cap signal is GATA3, a member of the GATA family of zinc-finger transcription factors with a distinct expression pattern in the ventral-most part of the mandibular and maxillary portions of the first arch. Here, we show that disruption of Gata3 in mouse embryos leads to craniofacial microsomia and syngnathia (bony fusion of the upper and lower jaws) that results from changes in BMP4 and FGF8 gene regulatory networks within NCCs near the maxillomandibular junction. GATA3 is thus a crucial component in establishing the network of factors that functionally separate the upper and lower jaws during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Abe
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Departments of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Anthony B. Firulli
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Stanley M. Kanai
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jacob Dahlka
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kim-Chew Lim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James Douglas Engel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David E. Clouthier
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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21
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Kasal DN, Liang Z, Hollinger MK, O'Leary CY, Lisicka W, Sperling AI, Bendelac A. A Gata3 enhancer necessary for ILC2 development and function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106311118. [PMID: 34353913 PMCID: PMC8364216 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106311118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The type 2 helper effector program is driven by the master transcription factor GATA3 and can be expressed by subsets of both innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and adaptive CD4+ T helper (Th) cells. While ILC2s and Th2 cells acquire their type 2 differentiation program under very different contexts, the distinct regulatory mechanisms governing this common program are only partially understood. Here we show that the differentiation of ILC2s, and their concomitant high level of GATA3 expression, are controlled by a Gata3 enhancer, Gata3 +674/762, that plays only a minimal role in Th2 cell differentiation. Mice lacking this enhancer exhibited defects in several but not all type 2 inflammatory responses, depending on the respective degree of ILC2 and Th2 cell involvement. Our study provides molecular insights into the different gene regulatory pathways leading to the acquisition of the GATA3-driven type 2 helper effector program in innate and adaptive lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan N Kasal
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Zhitao Liang
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Maile K Hollinger
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | | | - Wioletta Lisicka
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Anne I Sperling
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Albert Bendelac
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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22
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Kurosaka H, Mushiake J, Mithun S, Wu Y, Wang Q, Kikuchi M, Nakaya A, Yamamoto S, Inubushi T, Koga S, Sandell LL, Trainor P, Yamashiro T. Synergistic role of retinoic acid signaling and Gata3 during primitive choanae formation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:2383-2392. [PMID: 34272563 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental defects of primitive choanae, an anatomical path to connect the embryonic nasal and oral cavity, result in disorders called choanal atresia, which are associated with many congenital diseases and require immediate clinical intervention after birth. Previous studies revealed that reduced retinoid signaling underlies the etiology of choanal atresia. In the present study, by using multiple mouse models which conditionally deleted Rdh10 and Gata3 during embryogenesis, we showed that Gata3 expression is regulated by retinoid signaling during embryonic craniofacial development and plays crucial roles for development of the primitive choanae. Interestingly, Gata3 loss of function is known to cause hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal disease (HDR) syndrome, which exhibits choanal atresia as one of the phenotypes in humans. Our model partially phenocopies HDR syndrome with choanal atresia, and is thus a useful tool for investigating the molecular and cellular mechanisms of HDR syndrome. We further uncovered critical synergy of Gata3 and retinoid signaling during embryonic development, which will shed light on novel molecular and cellular etiology of congenital defects in primitive choanae formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kurosaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
| | - Jin Mushiake
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
| | - Saha Mithun
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
| | - Yanran Wu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
| | - Masataka Kikuchi
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Akihiro Nakaya
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University.,Laboratory of Genome Data Science Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Sayuri Yamamoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
| | - Toshihiro Inubushi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
| | - Satoshi Koga
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
| | - Lisa L Sandell
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry
| | - Paul Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine
| | - Takashi Yamashiro
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
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23
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Watanabe-Asaka T, Hayashi M, Uemura S, Takai J, Suzuki A, Moriguchi T, Kawai Y. GATA2 participates in the recanalization of lymphatic vessels after surgical lymph node extirpation. Genes Cells 2021; 26:474-484. [PMID: 33864419 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic recanalization failure after lymphadenectomy constitutes a major risk of lymphedema in cancer surgery. It has been reported that GATA2, a zinc finger transcription factor, is expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and is involved in the development of fetal lymphatic vessels. GATA3, another member of the GATA family of transcription factors, is required for the differentiation of lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and is essential for lymph node formation. However, how GATA2 and GATA3 function in recanalization after the surgical extirpation of lymphatic vessels has not been elucidated. Employing a new model of lymphatic recanalization, we examined the lymphatic reconnection process in Gata2 heterozygous deficient (Gata2+/- ) and Gata3 heterozygous deficient (Gata3+/- ) mice. We found that lymphatic recanalization was significantly impaired in Gata2+/- mice, while Gata3+/- mice rarely showed such abnormalities. Notably, the perturbed lymphatic recanalization in the Gata2+/- mice was partially restored by crossing with the Gata3+/- mice. Our results demonstrate for the first time that GATA2 participates in the regeneration of damaged lymphatic vessels and the unexpected suppressive activity of GATA3 against lymphatic recanalization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moyuru Hayashi
- Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uemura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Takai
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akane Suzuki
- Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriguchi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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24
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Swartz ME, Lovely CB, Eberhart JK. Variation in phenotypes from a Bmp-Gata3 genetic pathway is modulated by Shh signaling. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009579. [PMID: 34033651 PMCID: PMC8184005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to understand how perturbation of signaling pathways and their targets generates variable phenotypes. In humans, GATA3 associates with highly variable defects, such as HDR syndrome, microsomia and choanal atresia. We previously characterized a zebrafish point mutation in gata3 with highly variable craniofacial defects to the posterior palate. This variability could be due to residual Gata3 function, however, we observe the same phenotypic variability in gata3 null mutants. Using hsp:GATA3-GFP transgenics, we demonstrate that Gata3 function is required between 24 and 30 hpf. At this time maxillary neural crest cells fated to generate the palate express gata3. Transplantation experiments show that neural crest cells require Gata3 function for palatal development. Via a candidate approach, we determined if Bmp signaling was upstream of gata3 and if this pathway explained the mutant's phenotypic variation. Using BRE:d2EGFP transgenics, we demonstrate that maxillary neural crest cells are Bmp responsive by 24 hpf. We find that gata3 expression in maxillary neural crest requires Bmp signaling and that blocking Bmp signaling, in hsp:DN-Bmpr1a-GFP embryos, can phenocopy gata3 mutants. Palatal defects are rescued in hsp:DN-Bmpr1a-GFP;hsp:GATA3-GFP double transgenic embryos, collectively demonstrating that gata3 is downstream of Bmp signaling. However, Bmp attenuation does not alter phenotypic variability in gata3 loss-of-function embryos, implicating a different pathway. Due to phenotypes observed in hypomorphic shha mutants, the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway was a promising candidate for this pathway. Small molecule activators and inhibitors of the Shh pathway lessen and exacerbate, respectively, the phenotypic severity of gata3 mutants. Importantly, inhibition of Shh can cause gata3 haploinsufficiency, as observed in humans. We find that gata3 mutants in a less expressive genetic background have a compensatory upregulation of Shh signaling. These results demonstrate that the level of Shh signaling can modulate the phenotypes observed in gata3 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Swartz
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - C. Ben Lovely
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Johann K. Eberhart
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
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25
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Abstract
Embryonic definitive hematopoiesis generates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) essential for establishment and maintenance of the adult blood system. This process requires the specification of a subset of vascular endothelial cells to become blood-forming, or hemogenic, and the subsequent endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition to generate HSPCs therefrom. The mechanisms that regulate these processes are under intensive investigation, as their recapitulation in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells has the potential to generate autologous HSPCs for clinical applications. In this review, we provide an overview of hemogenic endothelial cell development and highlight the molecular events that govern hemogenic specification of vascular endothelial cells and the generation of multilineage HSPCs from hemogenic endothelium. We also discuss the impact of hemogenic endothelial cell development on adult hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA;
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA; .,Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA;
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26
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Noguchi CT. Erythropoietin regulates metabolic response in mice via receptor expression in adipose tissue, brain, and bone. Exp Hematol 2020; 92:32-42. [PMID: 32950599 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.09.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) acts by binding to erythroid progenitor cells to regulate red blood cell production. While EPO receptor (Epor) expression is highest on erythroid tissue, animal models exhibit EPO activity in nonhematopoietic tissues, mediated, in part, by tissue-specific Epor expression. This review describes the metabolic response in mice to endogenous EPO and EPO treatment associated with glucose metabolism, fat mass accumulation, and inflammation in white adipose tissue and brain during diet-induced obesity and with bone marrow fat and bone remodeling. During high-fat diet-induced obesity, EPO treatment improves glucose tolerance, decreases fat mass accumulation, and shifts white adipose tissue from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state. Fat mass regulation by EPO is sex dimorphic, apparent in males and abrogated by estrogen in females. Cerebral EPO also regulates fat mass and hypothalamus inflammation associated with diet-induced obesity in males and ovariectomized female mice. In bone, EPO contributes to the balance between adipogenesis and osteogenesis in both male and female mice. EPO treatment promotes bone loss mediated via Epor in osteoblasts and reduces bone marrow adipocytes before and independent of change in white adipose tissue fat mass. EPO regulation of bone loss and fat mass is independent of EPO-stimulated erythropoiesis. EPO nonhematopoietic tissue response may relate to the long-term consequences of EPO treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease and to the alternative treatment of oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors that increase endogenous EPO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Tom Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
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27
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Watanabe-Asaka T, Hayashi M, Engel JD, Kawai Y, Moriguchi T. GATA2 functions in adrenal chromaffin cells. Genes Cells 2020; 25:607-614. [PMID: 32562431 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Catecholamine synthesized in the sympathoadrenal system, including sympathetic neurons and adrenal chromaffin cells, is vital for cardiovascular homeostasis. It has been reported that GATA2, a zinc finger transcription factor, is expressed in murine sympathoadrenal progenitor cells. However, a physiological role for GATA2 in adrenal chromaffin cells has not been established. In this study, we demonstrate that GATA2 is specifically expressed in adrenal chromaffin cells. We examined the consequences of Gata2 loss-of-function mutations, exploiting a Gata2 conditional knockout allele crossed to neural crest-specific Wnt1-Cre transgenic mice (Gata2 NC-CKO). The vast majority of Gata2 NC-CKO embryos died by embryonic day 14.5 (e14.5) and exhibited a decrease in catecholamine-producing adrenal chromaffin cells, implying that a potential catecholamine defect might lead to the observed embryonic lethality. When intercrossed pregnant dams were fed with synthetic adrenaline analogs, the lethality of the Gata2 NC-CKO embryos was partially rescued, indicating that placental transfer of the adrenaline analogs complements the lethal catecholamine deficiency in the Gata2 NC-CKO embryos. These results demonstrate that GATA2 participates in the development of neuroendocrine adrenaline biosynthesis, which is essential for fetal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moyuru Hayashi
- Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriguchi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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28
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Lemos MC, Thakker RV. Hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome: 20 Years after the identification of the first GATA3 mutations. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1341-1350. [PMID: 32442337 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by heterozygous mutations of the GATA3 gene. In the last 20 years, since the identification of the genetic cause of the HDR syndrome, GATA3 mutations have been reported in 124 families (177 patients). The clinical aspects and molecular genetics of the HDR syndrome are reviewed here together with the reported mutations and phenotypes. Reported mutations consist of 40% frameshift deletions or insertions, 23% missense mutations, 14% nonsense mutations, 6% splice-site mutations, 1% in-frame deletions or insertions, 15% whole-gene deletions, and 1% whole-gene duplication. Missense mutations were found to cluster in the regions encoding the two GATA3 zinc-finger domains. Patients showed great clinical variability and the penetrance of each HDR defect increased with age. The most frequently observed abnormality was deafness (93%), followed by hypoparathyroidism (87%) and renal defects (61%). The mean age of diagnosis of HDR was 15.3, 7.5, and 14.0 years, respectively. However, patients with whole-gene deletions and protein-truncating mutations were diagnosed earlier than patients with missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel C Lemos
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rajesh V Thakker
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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29
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Rao TN, Kumar S, Pulikkottil AJ, Oliveri F, Hendriks RW, Beckel F, Fehling HJ. Novel, Non-Gene-Destructive Knock-In Reporter Mice Refute the Concept of Monoallelic Gata3 Expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2600-2611. [PMID: 32213568 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Accurately tuned expression levels of the transcription factor GATA-3 are crucial at several stages of T cell and innate lymphoid cell development and differentiation. Moreover, several lines of evidence suggest that Gata3 expression might provide a reliable molecular marker for the identification of elusive progenitor cell subsets at the earliest stages of T lineage commitment. To be able to faithfully monitor Gata3 expression noninvasively at the single-cell level, we have generated a novel strain of knock-in reporter mice, termed GATIR, by inserting an expression cassette encoding a bright fluorescent marker into the 3'-untranslated region of the endogenous Gata3 locus. Importantly, in contrast to three previously published strains of Gata3 reporter mice, GATIR mice preserve physiological Gata3 expression on the targeted allele. In this study, we show that GATIR mice faithfully reflect endogenous Gata3 expression without disturbing the development of GATA-3-dependent lymphoid cell populations. We further show that GATIR mice provide an ideal tool for noninvasive monitoring of Th2 polarization and straightforward identification of innate lymphoid cell 2 progenitor populations. Finally, as our reporter is non-gene-destructive, GATIR mice can be bred to homozygosity, not feasible with previously published strains of Gata3 reporter mice harboring disrupted alleles. The availability of hetero- and homozygous Gata3 reporter mice with an exceptionally bright fluorescent marker, allowed us to visualize allelic Gata3 expression in individual cells simply by flow cytometry. The unambiguous results obtained provide compelling evidence against previously postulated monoallelic Gata3 expression in early T lineage and hematopoietic stem cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; and
| | | | - Franziska Oliveri
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; and
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Franziska Beckel
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; and
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30
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Overexpression of T-bet, GATA-3 and TGF-ß Induces IFN-γ, IL-4/13A, and IL-17A Expression in Atlantic Salmon. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9040082. [PMID: 32326041 PMCID: PMC7235720 DOI: 10.3390/biology9040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of GATA-3, T-bet and TGF-ß may theoretically induce IL-4/A, IFN-γ and IL-17A expression, respectively. Whether this also applies to fish is not yet known. The plasmid vectors encoding reporter gene (RFP)-tagged T-bet, GATA-3 and TGF-ß were used as overexpression tools, transfected into cells or injected intramuscularly to monitor the expression of IFN-γ, IL-4/13A and IL-17A. In addition, the fish were either experimentally challenged with Vibrio anguillarum (VA group) or Piscirickettsia salmonis (PS group). The reporter gene (RFP) inserted upstream of the GATA-3, T-bet and TGF-ß genes, was observed in muscle cell nuclei and in inflammatory cells after intramuscular (i.m.) injection. PS group: following the injection of GATA-3 and T-bet-encoding plasmids, the expression of GATA-3 and T-bet was high at the injection site. The spleen expression of IFN-γ, following the injection of a T-bet-encoding plasmid, was significantly higher on day 2. VA group: The T-bet and GATA-3-overexpressing fish expressed high T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA levels in the muscles and on day 4 post-challenge. The expression of TGF-ß in the muscles of fish injected with TGF-ß-encoding plasmids was significantly higher on days 7 (8 days pre-challenge) and 19 (4 days after challenge). The protective effects of the overexpression of T-bet, GATA-3 and TGF-ß on both bacterial infections were negligible.
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31
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Creed TM, Baldeosingh R, Eberly CL, Schlee CS, Kim M, Cutler JA, Pandey A, Civin CI, Fossett NG, Kingsbury TJ. The PAX-SIX-EYA-DACH network modulates GATA-FOG function in fly hematopoiesis and human erythropoiesis. Development 2020; 147:dev.177022. [PMID: 31806659 DOI: 10.1242/dev.177022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The GATA and PAX-SIX-EYA-DACH transcriptional networks (PSEDNs) are essential for proper development across taxa. Here, we demonstrate novel PSEDN roles in vivo in Drosophila hematopoiesis and in human erythropoiesis in vitro Using Drosophila genetics, we show that PSEDN members function with GATA to block lamellocyte differentiation and maintain the prohemocyte pool. Overexpression of human SIX1 stimulated erythroid differentiation of human erythroleukemia TF1 cells and primary hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells. Conversely, SIX1 knockout impaired erythropoiesis in both cell types. SIX1 stimulation of erythropoiesis required GATA1, as SIX1 overexpression failed to drive erythroid phenotypes and gene expression patterns in GATA1 knockout cells. SIX1 can associate with GATA1 and stimulate GATA1-mediated gene transcription, suggesting that SIX1-GATA1 physical interactions contribute to the observed functional interactions. In addition, both fly and human SIX proteins regulated GATA protein levels. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SIX proteins enhance GATA function at multiple levels, and reveal evolutionarily conserved cooperation between the GATA and PSEDN networks that may regulate developmental processes beyond hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Michael Creed
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Rajkumar Baldeosingh
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Christian L Eberly
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Caroline S Schlee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - MinJung Kim
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jevon A Cutler
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Departments of Biological Chemistry, Oncology and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Departments of Biological Chemistry, Oncology and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Curt I Civin
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nancy G Fossett
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA .,Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Tami J Kingsbury
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA .,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Glass NR, Takasako M, Er PX, Titmarsh DM, Hidalgo A, Wolvetang EJ, Little MH, Cooper-White JJ. Multivariate patterning of human pluripotent cells under perfusion reveals critical roles of induced paracrine factors in kidney organoid development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaw2746. [PMID: 31934619 PMCID: PMC6949035 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Creating complex multicellular kidney organoids from pluripotent stem cells shows great promise. Further improvements in differentiation outcomes, patterning, and maturation of specific cell types are, however, intrinsically limited by standard tissue culture approaches. We describe a novel full factorial microbioreactor array-based methodology to achieve rapid interrogation and optimization of this complex multicellular differentiation process in a facile manner. We successfully recapitulate early kidney tissue patterning events, exploring more than 1000 unique conditions in an unbiased and quantitative manner, and define new media combinations that achieve near-pure renal cell type specification. Single-cell resolution identification of distinct renal cell types within multilayered kidney organoids, coupled with multivariate analysis, defined the definitive roles of Wnt, fibroblast growth factor, and bone morphogenetic protein signaling in their specification, exposed retinoic acid as a minimal effector of nephron patterning, and highlighted critical contributions of induced paracrine factors on cell specification and patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick R. Glass
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Minoru Takasako
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Pei Xuan Er
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Drew M. Titmarsh
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Alejandro Hidalgo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ernst J. Wolvetang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- UQ Centre in Stem Cell and Regenerative Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Melissa H. Little
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Justin J. Cooper-White
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- UQ Centre in Stem Cell and Regenerative Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Manufacturing Flagship, CSIRO, Clayton, VIC 3169, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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33
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Fitch SR, Kapeni C, Tsitsopoulou A, Wilson NK, Göttgens B, de Bruijn MF, Ottersbach K. Gata3 targets Runx1 in the embryonic haematopoietic stem cell niche. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:45-52. [PMID: 31634421 PMCID: PMC6973286 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Runx1 is an important haematopoietic transcription factor as stressed by its involvement in a number of haematological malignancies. Furthermore, it is a key regulator of the emergence of the first haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during development. The transcription factor Gata3 has also been linked to haematological disease and was shown to promote HSC production in the embryo by inducing the secretion of important niche factors. Both proteins are expressed in several different cell types within the aorta-gonads-mesonephros (AGM) region, in which the first HSCs are generated; however, a direct interaction between these two key transcription factors in the context of embryonic HSC production has not formally been demonstrated. In this current study, we have detected co-localisation of Runx1 and Gata3 in rare sub-aortic mesenchymal cells in the AGM. Furthermore, the expression of Runx1 is reduced in Gata3 -/- embryos, which also display a shift in HSC emergence. Using an AGM-derived cell line as a model for the stromal microenvironment in the AGM and performing ChIP-Seq and ChIP-on-chip experiments, we demonstrate that Runx1, together with other key niche factors, is a direct target gene of Gata3. In addition, we can pinpoint Gata3 binding to the Runx1 locus at specific enhancer elements which are active in the microenvironment. These results reveal a direct interaction between Gata3 and Runx1 in the niche that supports embryonic HSCs and highlight a dual role for Runx1 in driving the transdifferentiation of haemogenic endothelial cells into HSCs as well as in the stromal cells that support this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R. Fitch
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Chrysa Kapeni
- MRC Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Nicola K. Wilson
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Cambridge Stem Cell InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Marella F. de Bruijn
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- MRC Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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34
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Martynova E, Zhao Y, Xie Q, Zheng D, Cvekl A. Transcriptomic analysis and novel insights into lens fibre cell differentiation regulated by Gata3. Open Biol 2019; 9:190220. [PMID: 31847788 PMCID: PMC6936257 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gata3 is a DNA-binding transcription factor involved in cellular differentiation in a variety of tissues including inner ear, hair follicle, kidney, mammary gland and T-cells. In a previous study in 2009, Maeda et al. (Dev. Dyn.238, 2280–2291; doi:10.1002/dvdy.22035) found that Gata3 mutants could be rescued from midgestational lethality by the expression of a Gata3 transgene in sympathoadrenal neuroendocrine cells. The rescued embryos clearly showed multiple defects in lens fibre cell differentiation. To determine whether these defects were truly due to the loss of Gata3 expression in the lens, we generated a lens-specific Gata3 loss-of-function model. Analogous to the previous findings, our Gata3 null embryos showed abnormal regulation of cell cycle exit during lens fibre cell differentiation, marked by reduction in the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Cdkn1b/p27 and Cdkn1c/p57, and the retention of nuclei accompanied by downregulation of Dnase IIβ. Comparisons of transcriptomes between control and mutated lenses by RNA-Seq revealed dysregulation of lens-specific crystallin genes and intermediate filament protein Bfsp2. Both Cdkn1b/p27 and Cdkn1c/p57 loci are occupied in vivo by Gata3, as well as Prox1 and c-Jun, in lens chromatin. Collectively, our studies suggest that Gata3 regulates lens differentiation through the direct regulation of the Cdkn1b/p27and Cdkn1c/p57 expression, and the direct/or indirect transcriptional control of Bfsp2 and Dnase IIβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martynova
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Qing Xie
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Departments of Genetics, Neurology, and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ales Cvekl
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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35
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Li Q, Huang Q. Single-cell qPCR demonstrates that Repsox treatment changes cell fate from endoderm to neuroectoderm and disrupts epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223724. [PMID: 31600351 PMCID: PMC6786562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A definitive endodermal cell lineage is a prerequisite for the efficient generation of mature endoderm derivatives that give rise to organs, such as the pancreas and liver. We previously reported that the induction of mesenchymal definitive endoderm cells depends on autocrine TGF-β signaling and that pharmacological blockage of TGF-β signaling by Repsox disrupts endoderm specification. The definitive endoderm arises from a primitive streak, which depends largely on TGF-β signaling. If the TGF-β pathway is blocked by Repsox, cell fate after the primitive streak induction is so-far unknown. We report here, that an induced primitive streak cell-population contained many T/SOX2 co-expressing cells, and subsequent inhibition of TGF-β signaling by Repsox promoted neuroectodermal cell fate, which was characterized using single-cell qPCR analysis and immunostaining. The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, which is inherent to the process of definitive endoderm differentiation, was also disrupted upon Repsox treatment. Our findings may provide a new approach to produce neural progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Li
- School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- South China Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qingsong Huang
- School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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36
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Liver biopsy derived induced pluripotent stem cells provide unlimited supply for the generation of hepatocyte-like cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221762. [PMID: 31465481 PMCID: PMC6715171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have emerged as a promising cell culture model to study metabolism, biotransformation, viral infections and inherited liver diseases. iPSCs provide an unlimited supply for the generation of HLCs, but incomplete HLC differentiation remains a major challenge. iPSC may carry-on a tissue of origin dependent expression memory influencing iPSC differentiation into different cell types. Whether liver derived iPSCs (Li-iPSCs) would allow the generation of more fully differentiated HLCs is not known. METHODS In the current study, we used primary liver cells (PLCs) expanded from liver needle biopsies and reprogrammed them into Li-iPSCs using a non-integrative Sendai virus-based system. Li-iPSCs were differentiated into HLCs using established differentiation protocols. The HLC phenotype was characterized at the protein, functional and transcriptional level. RNA sequencing data were generated from the originating liver biopsies, the Li-iPSCs, fibroblast derived iPSCs, and differentiated HLCs, and used to characterize and compare their transcriptome profiles. RESULTS Li-iPSCs indeed retain a liver specific transcriptional footprint. Li-iPSCs can be propagated to provide an unlimited supply of cells for differentiation into Li-HLCs. Similar to HLCs derived from fibroblasts, Li-HLCs could not be fully differentiated into hepatocytes. Relative to the originating liver, Li-HLCs showed lower expression of liver specific transcription factors and increased expression of genes involved in the differentiation of other tissues. CONCLUSIONS PLCs and Li-iPSCs obtained from small pieces of human needle liver biopsies constitute a novel unlimited source for the production of HLCs. Despite the preservation of a liver specific gene expression footprint in Li-iPSCs, the generation of fully differentiated hepatocytes cannot be achieved with the current differentiation protocols.
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37
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Kei S, Adeyi OA. Practical Application of Lineage-Specific Immunohistochemistry Markers: Transcription Factors (Sometimes) Behaving Badly. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2019; 144:626-643. [PMID: 31385722 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0226-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that regulate gene expression and control RNA transcription from DNA. Lineage-specific TFs have increasingly been used by pathologists to determine tumor lineage, especially in the setting of metastatic tumors of unknown primary, among other uses. With experience gathered from its daily application and increasing pitfalls reported from immunohistochemical studies, these often-touted highly specific TFs are not as reliable as once thought. OBJECTIVES.— To summarize the established roles of many of the commonly used TFs in clinical practice and to discuss known and potential sources for error (eg, false-positivity from cross-reactivity, aberrant, and overlap "lineage-specific" expression) in their application and interpretation. DATA SOURCES.— Literature review and the authors' personal practice experience were used. Several examples selected from the University Health Network (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) are illustrated. CONCLUSIONS.— The application of TF diagnostic immunohistochemistry has enabled pathologists to better assess the lineage/origin of primary and metastatic tumors. However, the awareness of potential pitfalls is essential to avoid misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Kei
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Lou); and the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (Dr Adeyi)
| | - Oyedele A Adeyi
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Lou); and the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (Dr Adeyi)
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38
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Hoshino T, Terunuma T, Takai J, Uemura S, Nakamura Y, Hamada M, Takahashi S, Yamamoto M, Engel JD, Moriguchi T. Spiral ganglion cell degeneration-induced deafness as a consequence of reduced GATA factor activity. Genes Cells 2019; 24:534-545. [PMID: 31141264 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zinc-finger transcription factors GATA2 and GATA3 are both expressed in the developing inner ear, although their overlapping versus distinct activities in adult definitive inner ear are not well understood. We show here that GATA2 and GATA3 are co-expressed in cochlear spiral ganglion cells and redundantly function in the maintenance of spiral ganglion cells and auditory neural circuitry. Notably, Gata2 and Gata3 compound heterozygous mutant mice had a diminished number of spiral ganglion cells due to enhanced apoptosis, which resulted in progressive hearing loss. The decrease in spiral ganglion cellularity was associated with lowered expression of neurotrophin receptor TrkC that is an essential factor for spiral ganglion cell survival. We further show that Gata2 null mutants that additionally bear a Gata2 YAC (yeast artificial chromosome) that counteracts the lethal hematopoietic deficiency due to complete Gata2 loss nonetheless failed to complement the deficiency in neonatal spiral ganglion neurons. Furthermore, cochlea-specific Gata2 deletion mice also had fewer spiral ganglion cells and resultant hearing impairment. These results show that GATA2 and GATA3 redundantly function to maintain spiral ganglion cells and hearing. We propose possible mechanisms underlying hearing loss in human GATA2- or GATA3-related genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Hoshino
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tsumoru Terunuma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jun Takai
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uemura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakamura
- Division of Pathology, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Moriguchi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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39
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Bardhan T, Jeng J, Waldmann M, Ceriani F, Johnson SL, Olt J, Rüttiger L, Marcotti W, Holley MC. Gata3 is required for the functional maturation of inner hair cells and their innervation in the mouse cochlea. J Physiol 2019; 597:3389-3406. [PMID: 31069810 PMCID: PMC6636704 DOI: 10.1113/jp277997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The physiological maturation of auditory hair cells and their innervation requires precise temporal and spatial control of cell differentiation. The transcription factor gata3 is essential for the earliest stages of auditory system development and for survival and synaptogenesis in auditory sensory afferent neurons. We show that during postnatal development in the mouse inner ear gata3 is required for the biophysical maturation, growth and innervation of inner hair cells; in contrast, it is required only for the survival of outer hair cells. Loss of gata3 in inner hair cells causes progressive hearing loss and accounts for at least some of the deafness associated with the human hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal anomaly (HDR) syndrome. The results show that gata3 is critical for later stages of mammalian auditory system development where it plays distinct, complementary roles in the coordinated maturation of sensory hair cells and their innervation. ABSTRACT The zinc finger transcription factor gata3 regulates inner ear development from the formation of the embryonic otic placode. Throughout development, gata3 is expressed dynamically in all the major cochlear cell types. Its role in afferent formation is well established but its possible involvement in hair cell maturation remains unknown. Here, we find that in heterozygous gata3 null mice (gata3+/- ) outer hair cells (OHCs) differentiate normally but their numbers are significantly lower. In contrast, inner hair cells (IHCs) survive normally but they fail to acquire adult basolateral membrane currents, retain pre-hearing current and efferent innervation profiles and have fewer ribbon synapses. Targeted deletion of gata3 driven by otoferlin-cre recombinase (gata3fl/fl otof-cre+/- ) in IHCs does not affect OHCs or the number of IHC afferent synapses but it leads to a failure in IHC maturation comparable to that observed in gata3+/- mice. Auditory brainstem responses in gata3fl/fl otof-cre+/- mice reveal progressive hearing loss that becomes profound by 6-7 months, whilst distortion product otoacoustic emissions are no different to control animals up to this age. Our results, alongside existing data, indicate that gata3 has specific, complementary functions in different cell types during inner ear development and that its continued expression in the sensory epithelium orchestrates critical aspects of physiological development and neural connectivity. Furthermore, our work indicates that hearing loss in human hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal anomaly (HDR) syndrome arises from functional deficits in IHCs as well as loss of function from OHCs and both afferent and efferent neurons.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Cochlea/metabolism
- Cochlea/physiology
- GATA3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/physiology
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/physiology
- Hair Cells, Vestibular/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Vestibular/physiology
- Hearing/physiology
- Hearing Loss/metabolism
- Hearing Loss/physiopathology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Sensory Receptor Cells/metabolism
- Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology
- Synapses/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaya Bardhan
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Jing‐Yi Jeng
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Marco Waldmann
- Department of OtolaryngologyTübingen Hearing Research CenterSection of Physiological Acoustics and CommunicationUniversity of Tübingen72076TübingenGermany
| | - Federico Ceriani
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - Jennifer Olt
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Lukas Rüttiger
- Department of OtolaryngologyTübingen Hearing Research CenterSection of Physiological Acoustics and CommunicationUniversity of Tübingen72076TübingenGermany
| | - Walter Marcotti
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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40
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Tomizawa SI, Kobayashi Y, Shirakawa T, Watanabe K, Mizoguchi K, Hoshi I, Nakajima K, Nakabayashi J, Singh S, Dahl A, Alexopoulou D, Seki M, Suzuki Y, Royo H, Peters AHFM, Anastassiadis K, Stewart AF, Ohbo K. Kmt2b conveys monovalent and bivalent H3K4me3 in mouse spermatogonial stem cells at germline and embryonic promoters. Development 2018; 145:145/23/dev169102. [PMID: 30504434 DOI: 10.1242/dev.169102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian male germline is sustained by a pool of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) that can transmit both genetic and epigenetic information to offspring. However, the mechanisms underlying epigenetic transmission remain unclear. The histone methyltransferase Kmt2b is highly expressed in SSCs and is required for the SSC-to-progenitor transition. At the stem-cell stage, Kmt2b catalyzes H3K4me3 at bivalent H3K27me3-marked promoters as well as at promoters of a new class of genes lacking H3K27me3, which we call monovalent. Monovalent genes are mainly activated in late spermatogenesis, whereas most bivalent genes are mainly not expressed until embryonic development. These data suggest that SSCs are epigenetically primed by Kmt2b in two distinguishable ways for the upregulation of gene expression both during the spermatogenic program and through the male germline into the embryo. Because Kmt2b is also the major H3K4 methyltransferase for bivalent promoters in embryonic stem cells, we also propose that Kmt2b has the capacity to prime stem cells epigenetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Tomizawa
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shirakawa
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kumiko Watanabe
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Keita Mizoguchi
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ikue Hoshi
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kuniko Nakajima
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Jun Nakabayashi
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sukhdeep Singh
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Genome Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dimitra Alexopoulou
- Genome Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Masahide Seki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Hélène Royo
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antoine H F M Peters
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Konstantinos Anastassiadis
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Francis Stewart
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kazuyuki Ohbo
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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41
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Zaidan N, Ottersbach K. The multi-faceted role of Gata3 in developmental haematopoiesis. Open Biol 2018; 8:rsob.180152. [PMID: 30463912 PMCID: PMC6282070 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Gata3 is crucial for the development of several tissues and cell lineages both during development as well as postnatally. This importance is apparent from the early embryonic lethality following germline Gata3 deletion, with embryos displaying a number of phenotypes, and from the fact that Gata3 has been implicated in several cancer types. It often acts at the level of stem and progenitor cells in which it controls the expression of key lineage-determining factors as well as cell cycle genes, thus being one of the main drivers of cell fate choice and tissue morphogenesis. Gata3 is involved at various stages of haematopoiesis both in the adult as well as during development. This review summarizes the various contributions of Gata3 to haematopoiesis with a particular focus on the emergence of the first haematopoietic stem cells in the embryo—a process that appears to be influenced by Gata3 at various levels, thus highlighting the complex nature of Gata3 action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Zaidan
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
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42
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Martynova E, Bouchard M, Musil LS, Cvekl A. Identification of Novel Gata3 Distal Enhancers Active in Mouse Embryonic Lens. Dev Dyn 2018; 247:1186-1198. [PMID: 30295986 PMCID: PMC6246825 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tissue-specific transcriptional programs during normal development require tight control by distal cis-regulatory elements, such as enhancers, with specific DNA sequences recognized by transcription factors, coactivators, and chromatin remodeling enzymes. Gata3 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates formation of multiple tissues and organs, including inner ear, lens, mammary gland, T-cells, urogenital system, and thyroid gland. In the eye, Gata3 has a highly restricted expression domain in the posterior part of the lens vesicle; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are unknown. RESULTS Here we describe the identification of a novel bipartite Gata3 lens-specific enhancer located ∼18 kb upstream from its transcriptional start site. We also found that a 5-kb Gata3 promoter possesses low activity in the lens. The bipartite enhancer contains arrays of AP-1, Ets-, and Smad1/5-binding sites as well as binding sites for lens-associated DNA-binding factors. Transient transfection studies of the promoter with the bipartite enhancer showed enhanced activation by BMP4 and FGF2. CONCLUSIONS These studies identify a novel distal enhancer of Gata3 with high activity in lens and indicate that BMP and FGF signaling can up-regulate expression of Gata3 in differentiating lens fiber cells through the identified Gata3 enhancer and promoter elements. Developmental Dynamics 247:1186-1198, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. Developmental Dynamics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martynova
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Maxime Bouchard
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Linda S Musil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ales Cvekl
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Kita M, Kuwata Y, Usui T. Familial congenital choanal atresia with GATA3 associated hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia syndrome unidentified on auditory brainstem response. Auris Nasus Larynx 2018; 46:808-812. [PMID: 30396722 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder primarily caused by GATA3 haploinsufficiency and is challenging to diagnose in early childhood. We report a Japanese family with HDR syndrome and congenital choanal atresia. The 6-year-old female proband was diagnosed with epilepsy at the age of three. Under carbamazepine monotherapy, the patient presented hypoparathyroidism accompanied by severe hypocalcemia. Subsequently, renal ultrasound analysis revealed bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidneys. Because she had difficulty hearing, we sequenced GATA3 and determined that she had a c.708_709insC (p.Ser237Glnfs*66) allelic variant in exon 3. As a result, we found a family of this disease. Each family member, including her grandfather, mother, and two siblings, had HDR syndrome of varying clinical penetrance. We found a craniofacial anomaly, congenital choanal atresia, which was inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Hypocalcemia coupled with vitamin D deficiency, triggered by carbamazepine treatment, ultimately revealed the proband's childhood- onset HDR syndrome. Pure-tone audiometry revealed different severities of deafness as well as the progression of sensory hearing loss. However, auditory brainstem response for hearing screening is probably insufficient for ascertaining HDR syndrome in the early stages of life. We presented new clinical clues to diagnose the HDR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kita
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kuwata
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Usui
- Shizuoka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Department of Medical Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
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A Gata3 3' Distal Otic Vesicle Enhancer Directs Inner Ear-Specific Gata3 Expression. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00302-18. [PMID: 30126893 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00302-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor GATA3 plays vital roles in inner ear development, while regulatory mechanisms controlling its inner ear-specific expression are undefined. We demonstrate that a cis-regulatory element lying 571 kb 3' to the Gata3 gene directs inner ear-specific Gata3 expression, which we refer to as the Gata3 otic vesicle enhancer (OVE). In transgenic murine embryos, a 1.5-kb OVE-directed lacZ reporter (TgOVE-LacZ) exhibited robust lacZ expression specifically in the otic vesicle (OV), an inner ear primordial tissue, and its derivative semicircular canal. To further define the regulatory activity of this OVE, we generated Cre transgenic mice in which Cre expression was directed by a 246-bp core sequence within the OVE element (TgcoreOVE-Cre). TgcoreOVE-Cre successfully marked the OV-derived inner ear tissues, including cochlea, semicircular canal and spiral ganglion, when crossed with ROSA26 lacZ reporter mice. Furthermore, Gata3 conditionally mutant mice, when crossed with the TgcoreOVE-Cre, showed hypoplasia throughout the inner ear tissues. These results demonstrate that OVE has a sufficient regulatory activity to direct Gata3 expression specifically in the otic vesicle and semicircular canal and that Gata3 expression driven by the OVE is crucial for normal inner ear development.
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van der Ven AT, Connaughton DM, Ityel H, Mann N, Nakayama M, Chen J, Vivante A, Hwang DY, Schulz J, Braun DA, Schmidt JM, Schapiro D, Schneider R, Warejko JK, Daga A, Majmundar AJ, Tan W, Jobst-Schwan T, Hermle T, Widmeier E, Ashraf S, Amar A, Hoogstraaten CA, Hugo H, Kitzler TM, Kause F, Kolvenbach CM, Dai R, Spaneas L, Amann K, Stein DR, Baum MA, Somers MJG, Rodig NM, Ferguson MA, Traum AZ, Daouk GH, Bogdanović R, Stajić N, Soliman NA, Kari JA, El Desoky S, Fathy HM, Milosevic D, Al-Saffar M, Awad HS, Eid LA, Selvin A, Senguttuvan P, Sanna-Cherchi S, Rehm HL, MacArthur DG, Lek M, Laricchia KM, Wilson MW, Mane SM, Lifton RP, Lee RS, Bauer SB, Lu W, Reutter HM, Tasic V, Shril S, Hildebrandt F. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Causative Mutations in Families with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:2348-2361. [PMID: 30143558 PMCID: PMC6115658 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017121265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most prevalent cause of kidney disease in the first three decades of life. Previous gene panel studies showed monogenic causation in up to 12% of patients with CAKUT. METHODS We applied whole-exome sequencing to analyze the genotypes of individuals from 232 families with CAKUT, evaluating for mutations in single genes known to cause human CAKUT and genes known to cause CAKUT in mice. In consanguineous or multiplex families, we additionally performed a search for novel monogenic causes of CAKUT. RESULTS In 29 families (13%), we detected a causative mutation in a known gene for isolated or syndromic CAKUT that sufficiently explained the patient's CAKUT phenotype. In three families (1%), we detected a mutation in a gene reported to cause a phenocopy of CAKUT. In 15 of 155 families with isolated CAKUT, we detected deleterious mutations in syndromic CAKUT genes. Our additional search for novel monogenic causes of CAKUT in consanguineous and multiplex families revealed a potential single, novel monogenic CAKUT gene in 19 of 232 families (8%). CONCLUSIONS We identified monogenic mutations in a known human CAKUT gene or CAKUT phenocopy gene as the cause of disease in 14% of the CAKUT families in this study. Whole-exome sequencing provides an etiologic diagnosis in a high fraction of patients with CAKUT and will provide a new basis for the mechanistic understanding of CAKUT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie T van der Ven
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dervla M Connaughton
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hadas Ityel
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nina Mann
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Makiko Nakayama
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Asaf Vivante
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daw-Yang Hwang
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julian Schulz
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniela A Braun
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - David Schapiro
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ronen Schneider
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jillian K Warejko
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ankana Daga
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amar J Majmundar
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Weizhen Tan
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tilman Jobst-Schwan
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tobias Hermle
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugen Widmeier
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shazia Ashraf
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ali Amar
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charlotte A Hoogstraaten
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hannah Hugo
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas M Kitzler
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Franziska Kause
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caroline M Kolvenbach
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rufeng Dai
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leslie Spaneas
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kassaundra Amann
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah R Stein
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle A Baum
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael J G Somers
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nancy M Rodig
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael A Ferguson
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Avram Z Traum
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ghaleb H Daouk
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Radovan Bogdanović
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute for Mother and Child Health Care, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Stajić
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute for Mother and Child Health Care, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Neveen A Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Center of Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation, Cairo University, Egypt
- Egyptian Group for Orphan Renal Diseases, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jameela A Kari
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif El Desoky
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Fathy
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Danko Milosevic
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Muna Al-Saffar
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hazem S Awad
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Dubai Kidney Center Of Excellence, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Loai A Eid
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Dubai Kidney Center Of Excellence, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aravind Selvin
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabha Senguttuvan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dr. Mehta's Multi-Specialty Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Heidi L Rehm
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Monkol Lek
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kristen M Laricchia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael W Wilson
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shrikant M Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Richard S Lee
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stuart B Bauer
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Weining Lu
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Heiko M Reutter
- Institute of Human Genetics and
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; and
| | - Velibor Tasic
- Medical Faculty Skopje, University Children's Hospital, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Shirlee Shril
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
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Thamm K, Schrimpf C, Retzlaff J, Idowu TO, van Meurs M, Zijlstra JG, Ghosh CC, Zeitvogel J, Werfel TA, Haller H, Parikh SM, David S. Molecular Regulation of Acute Tie2 Suppression in Sepsis. Crit Care Med 2018; 46:e928-e936. [PMID: 29979219 PMCID: PMC6095816 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tie2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed by endothelial cells that maintains vascular barrier function. We recently reported that diverse critical illnesses acutely decrease Tie2 expression and that experimental Tie2 reduction suffices to recapitulate cardinal features of the septic vasculature. Here we investigated molecular mechanisms driving Tie2 suppression in settings of critical illness. DESIGN Laboratory and animal research, postmortem kidney biopsies from acute kidney injury patients and serum from septic shock patients. SETTING Research laboratories and ICU of Hannover Medical School, Harvard Medical School, and University of Groningen. PATIENTS Deceased septic acute kidney injury patients (n = 16) and controls (n = 12) and septic shock patients (n = 57) and controls (n = 22). INTERVENTIONS Molecular biology assays (Western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction) + in vitro models of flow and transendothelial electrical resistance experiments in human umbilical vein endothelial cells; murine cecal ligation and puncture and lipopolysaccharide administration. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We observed rapid reduction of both Tie2 messenger RNA and protein in mice following cecal ligation and puncture. In cultured endothelial cells exposed to tumor necrosis factor-α, suppression of Tie2 protein was more severe than Tie2 messenger RNA, suggesting distinct regulatory mechanisms. Evidence of protein-level regulation was found in tumor necrosis factor-α-treated endothelial cells, septic mice, and septic humans, all three of which displayed elevation of the soluble N-terminal fragment of Tie2. The matrix metalloprotease 14 was both necessary and sufficient for N-terminal Tie2 shedding. Since clinical settings of Tie2 suppression are often characterized by shock, we next investigated the effects of laminar flow on Tie2 expression. Compared with absence of flow, laminar flow induced both Tie2 messenger RNA and the expression of GATA binding protein 3. Conversely, septic lungs exhibited reduced GATA binding protein 3, and knockdown of GATA binding protein 3 in flow-exposed endothelial cells reduced Tie2 messenger RNA. Postmortem tissue from septic patients showed a trend toward reduced GATA binding protein 3 expression that was associated with Tie2 messenger RNA levels (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Tie2 suppression is a pivotal event in sepsis that may be regulated both by matrix metalloprotease 14-driven Tie2 protein cleavage and GATA binding protein 3-driven flow regulation of Tie2 transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Thamm
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Schrimpf
- Department of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Retzlaff
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Temitayo O Idowu
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matijs van Meurs
- Medical Biology Section, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan G Zijlstra
- Medical Biology Section, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chandra C Ghosh
- Beth Israel Deaconess and Harvard Medical School, CVBR, Boston, United States
| | - Jana Zeitvogel
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas A Werfel
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Medical Biology Section, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sascha David
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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47
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Cording S, Medvedovic J, Lécuyer E, Aychek T, Déjardin F, Eberl G. Mouse models for the study of fate and function of innate lymphoid cells. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1271-1280. [PMID: 29974461 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells and lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells were discovered more than 40 and 20 years ago, respectively. These two cell types were initially studied for their unique functions in the elimination of infected or transformed cells, and in the development of lymphoid tissues. It took an additional 10 years to realize that NK cells and LTi cells were members of a larger family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), whose phenotypes and functions mirror those of T cells. Many mouse models have since been developed to identify and isolate ILCs, map their developmental pathways and characterize their functions. Because of the similarity between ILCs and T cells, this exploration remains a challenge. In spite of this, a broad range of mouse models available to researchers has lead to significant progress in untangling the unique roles of ILCs early in defense, regulation of adaptive immunity and homeostasis. Here, we review these mouse models, and discuss their strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Cording
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,INSERM U1224, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, Institute IMAGINE, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
| | - Jasna Medvedovic
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Emelyne Lécuyer
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Tegest Aychek
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - François Déjardin
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Eberl
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,INSERM U1224, Paris, France
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48
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Expression of GATA-3 in Testicular and Gynecologic Mesothelial Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic Tissues. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2018; 37:284-289. [DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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49
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Proietti CJ, Cenciarini ME, Elizalde PV. Revisiting progesterone receptor (PR) actions in breast cancer: Insights into PR repressive functions. Steroids 2018; 133:75-81. [PMID: 29317254 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone receptor (PR) is a master regulator in female reproductive tissues that controls developmental processes and proliferation and differentiation during the reproductive cycle and pregnancy. PR also plays a role in progression of endocrine-dependent breast cancer. As a member of the nuclear receptor family of ligand-dependent transcription factors, the main action of PR is to regulate networks of target gene expression in response to binding its cognate steroid hormone, progesterone. Liganded-PR transcriptional activation has been thoroughly studied and associated mechanisms have been described while progesterone-mediated repression has remained less explored. The present work summarizes recent advances in the understanding of how PR-mediated repression is accomplished in breast cancer cells and highlights the significance of fully understanding the determinants of context-dependent PR action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia J Proietti
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina.
| | - Mauro E Cenciarini
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
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50
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Kojima M, Nagano T, Nakata K, Hara S, Katsurada N, Yamamoto M, Tachihara M, Kamiryo H, Kobayashi K, Usui T, Nishimura Y. Lung squamous cell carcinoma associated with hypoparathyroidism with sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia syndrome: a case report. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:1595-1599. [PMID: 29593425 PMCID: PMC5865551 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s161420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism with sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition caused by mutations of the gene encoding the dual zinc-finger transcription factor, GATA3. A previous study identified some patients with GATA3 gene variants and breast cancer, suggesting that GATA3 variants may contribute to tumorigenesis in estrogen receptor 1-positive breast tumors; however, these patients did not have HDR syndrome. A 32-year-old nonsmoking Japanese woman was histologically diagnosed with lung squamous cell carcinoma associated with HDR syndrome and a c.C952T>C (p.C318R) germline mutation in GATA3. This is the first report describing cancer in a patient with HDR syndrome. Our data indicates that GATA3 mutations may be a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kojima
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Nakata
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Hara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoko Katsurada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Yamamoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Motoko Tachihara
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamiryo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kobayashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Usui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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